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Multi-Utility Market: Framework for a Blockchain Exchange Platform for Sustainable Development Jacques Bou Abdo 1 , Sherali Zeadally 2 1 Notre Dame University, Lebanon, [email protected] 2 University of Kentucky, USA, [email protected] Water and other resources are becoming scarcer every day, and developing countries are the neediest for an immediate intervention. Water, as a national need, is considered to be one of the main causes for conflicts in the 21st century. Peer- to-peer trading is one of the most convenient, scalable and sustainable solutions but faces organization challenges such as: the absence of suitable business models motivating normal users to sell their generated resources, currency and financial settlement complexities, and single utility markets. We propose a multi-utility trading platform, based on blockchain technology which can address the challenges faced by peer-to-peer trading. This platform meets the needs of developing countries in particular as well as rural areas of developed countries. The open nature of our proposed design makes it suitable for adoption and use by various stakeholders. Keywords: Blockchain; credit-debit system; distributed water systems; hybrid water systems; urban water market; peer-to-peer water trading Introduction Water supplies are becoming scarcer every day. Developing countries are not able to buy additional supplies from neighboring countries. 44 countries have high to extremely high risk of water crisis [1] [2] out of which, 28 are considered developing countries by the United Nations [3] which has listed its urgent sustainability goals and energy resource management among its most pressing goals [4]. On 25 September 2015, the general assembly of the United Nations approved the resolution: “Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development” [4]

Two roaming cougars back in cages · 2019. 9. 1. · Two roaming cougars back in cages [2 LATE TAMPA Edition] St. Petersburg Times St. Petersburg, Fla. Author: Clary, Susan Date:

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Page 1: Two roaming cougars back in cages · 2019. 9. 1. · Two roaming cougars back in cages [2 LATE TAMPA Edition] St. Petersburg Times St. Petersburg, Fla. Author: Clary, Susan Date:

10/20/2016 Two roaming cougars back in cages ­ Newspaper Archives | tampabay.com ­ Tampa Bay Times

http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/tampabay/doc/263178056.html?FMT=FT&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Aug%207,%201996&author=SUSAN%20CLARY&… 1/2

Two roaming cougars back in cages[2 LATE TAMPA Edition]St. Petersburg Times ­ St. Petersburg, Fla.Author: Clary, SusanDate: Aug 7, 1996Start Page: 3.BSection: TAMPA & STATE; CITY & STATE; METRO & STATE

Document Text

(ran SS edition of METRO & STATE)

Two domesticated cougars that escaped from a north Tampa wildlife facility were recaptured Monday and takenhome, wildlife experts said.

Officials were deciding Tuesday whether to cite the owners, who manage Wildlife on Easy Street near Sheldon Roadand Gunn Highway.

The South American cougars became the subject of a search after they escaped from their pens around 7:30 a.m.Monday.

One of the animals was captured within an hour. But officials searched more than 12 hours for the second, 80­poundcat before it was eventually sighted about 11 p.m. Monday in the area where it escaped.

Don and Carole Lewis house more than 100 cats, including lions and tigers, at the state­permitted facility, said Lt. RipStalvey, public information officer for the Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish Commission.

Though one cougar remained loose Monday night, Lewis denied to a reporter that his cat was missing. The Lewisesdid not return calls Tuesday.

Because the cougars are tame and have been declawed, authorities said residents were probably not at risk.

"I don't think there was any danger because this is a cat that was hand­raised by people," Stalvey said.

Jean Carson was in her yard cutting weeds Monday when she heard that one of the Lewises' cougars was loose.

"I just kept on working," said Carson, 65. "That'll give you an idea of how scared I was."

Carson, who has lived on Easy Street since 1964, said this was the first time, to her knowledge, that any of theLewises' animals have escaped. She figures it was a low­flying helicopter hovering overhead recently that drove thecougar away.

Stalvey said the second cougar was discovered outside the Lewises' fenced, 40­acre compound. It escaped from a40­by­80­foot pen. Both cats were returned to Lewis scared but uninjured, Stalvey said.

Wildlife officials said the Lewises may be cited for unsafe housing permitting the escape of the cougar, amisdemeanor.

In June, the World Society for the Protection of Animals gave Wildlife on Easy Street poor marks for living and safetyconditions.

Carson, the neighbor, complimented the Lewises' operation.

"I feel like they (the Lewises) are being crucified on some of this stuff," Carson said. "For crying out loud, this is a tamecougar. This isn't one of your . . . beasties that just came from the wild. If people cared for their children the way hetakes care of those animals, the whole world would be a lot better off." ­ Times staff writer Erika Duckworth contributedto this report.

Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction or distribution is prohibited without permission.

Abstract (Document Summary)

Two domesticated cougars that escaped from a north Tampa wildlife facility were recaptured Monday and takenhome, wildlife experts said.

Officials were deciding Tuesday whether to cite the owners, who manage Wildlife on Easy Street near Sheldon Roadand Gunn Highway.

Page 2: Two roaming cougars back in cages · 2019. 9. 1. · Two roaming cougars back in cages [2 LATE TAMPA Edition] St. Petersburg Times St. Petersburg, Fla. Author: Clary, Susan Date:

10/20/2016 Two roaming cougars back in cages ­ Newspaper Archives | tampabay.com ­ Tampa Bay Times

http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/tampabay/doc/263178056.html?FMT=FT&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Aug%207,%201996&author=SUSAN%20CLARY&… 2/2

Though one cougar remained loose Monday night, Lewis denied to a reporter that his cat was missing. The Lewisesdid not return calls Tuesday.

Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction or distribution is prohibited without permission.