Two new species of Actenodes Dejean (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) from southern Mexico, with distributional and biological notes on Buprestidae from Mexico and Central America

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Two new species of Actenodes Dejean (Coleoptera: Buprestidae)from southern Mexico, with distributional and biological noteson Buprestidae from Mexico and Central AmericaAuthor(s): Ted C. MacRae and Charles L. BellamySource: Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 89(2):102-119. 2013.Published By: Pacific Coast Entomological SocietyDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3956/2013-05.1URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.3956/2013-05.1

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Two new species of Actenodes Dejean (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) fromsouthern Mexico, with distributional and biological notes on Buprestidae

from Mexico and Central America

TED C. MACRAE1

AND CHARLES L. BELLAMY2,3

1Monsanto Company, 700 Chesterfield Parkway West, Chesterfield,

Missouri 63017-1700, U.S.A.

Corresponding author e-mail: [email protected] Department of Food & Agriculture, Plant Pest Diagnostics Lab,

3294 Meadowview Road, Sacramento, California 95832, U.S.A.

e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract. Actenodes scabrosus sp. nov. from Michoacan, Guerrero, Oaxaca and Puebla, andActenodes michoacanus sp. nov. from Michoacan, are described, illustrated, and compared torelated species. Distributional and biological notes are presented for 65 other species ofBuprestidae from Mexico and Central America in the following genera: Acmaeodera (s. str.)Eschscholtz 1829, Actenodes Dejean 1833, Agrilaxia Kerremans 1903, Agrilus (s. str.) Curtis1825, Amorphosoma Laporte 1835, Aphanisticus Latreille 1829, Brachys Dejean 1833,Chrysobothris (s. str.) Eschscholtz 1829, Halecia Laporte & Gory 1837, Hiperantha (s. str.)Gistel 1834, Jelinekia Cobos 1980, Mixochlorus Waterhouse 1887, Oaxacanthaxia Bellamy1991, Pachyschelus Solier 1833, Paragrilus Saunders 1871, Paratyndaris (s. str.) Fisher 1919,Pelycothorax Bellamy & Westcott 1996, Polycesta (Arizonica) Cobos 1981, and Polycesta(Tularensia) Nelson 1997. The records presented represent four new country and 25 new staterecords for Mexico, one species removed from the list of species from Mexico, one newcountry record for Nicaragua, 75 new adult host records and 24 new flower visitation records.

Key Words. Actenodes michoacanus, Actenodes scabrosus, Buprestidae, Central America,Coleoptera, distribution, host plants, Mexico, new species.

The buprestid fauna of Mexico, as currently recognized, includes 847 described

species and subspecies, with 21 described species of the genus Actenodes Dejean 1833

(Bellamy 2008). However, the actual fauna is much larger due to numerous

undescribed forms. Despite this diversity, details about distribution and host plant

associations remain scarce or nonexistent for many species. The situation has

improved in recent years with the inclusion of precise locality and host plant

information in several revisionary and faunal works (e.g., Hespenheide 1990, 2002;

Hespenheide et al. 2011; Nelson 1975a; Nelson & Bellamy 2004; Nelson et al. 1981;

Westcott 2008; Westcott & Hespenheide 2006; Westcott et al. 1979, 1990, 2008);

however, detailed understanding of biogeographical patterns and host utilization in

the Mexican fauna remains elusive due to the paucity of published distributions and

hosts for a majority of species. Recent collecting of Buprestidae by the authors in the

southern Mexican states of Guerrero, Michoacan, Oaxaca and Puebla has revealed

the presence of several undescribed species, including the two described in this paper,

and forms the basis for the bulk of records presented in the notes that follow. New

records gleaned from the collected material are augmented with additional new

records from Mexico and Central America provided by several colleagues.

Altogether, 65 species are discussed, with the data presented representing four new

3 Current address: 8539 Daimler Way, Sacramento, California 95828 U.S.A.

THE PAN-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGIST89(2):102–119, (2013)

country and 25 new state records for Mexico, one species removed from the list of

species from Mexico, one new country record for Nicaragua, 75 new adult host

records and 24 new flower visitation records. The two new species described and

records presented herein bring to 852 the number of recognized species and

subspecies known from Mexico.

Photographs were taken with a Canon 50D and EF 100mm f/2.4 macro lens

(dorsal habitus) or MP-E 65 mm 1-5X macro lens and adjusted in Photoshop

Elements 6 for levels, color, contrast and sharpness. Measurements were made using

a vernier caliper with 0.05-mm precision, with length measured from the front of the

head to the elytral apices and width at the widest point. Holotype label data are cited

verbatim, with data from individual labels enclosed within ‘‘quotes,’’ data on

separate lines separated by a vertical bar ‘‘|’’ and annotations enclosed within [square

brackets] (‘‘h’’ 5 handwritten; ‘‘p’’ 5 printed). Label data for non-primary types and

specimens cited in the records section are presented, as available, in standardized

format for consistency and to minimize ambiguity (country, state, place name,

geographical coordinates, elevation, date of collection, number of specimens, host

plant or other ecological information, collector, and collection abbreviation in

[square brackets]). Dates are formatted as ‘‘day.month (Roman numerals).year’’ and

are followed by number of specimens collected in parentheses [e.g., 17.X.2006 (3)].

The following abbreviations are used: elev 5 elevation; ex 5 from; Hwy 5 Highway;

Jct 5 junction; km 5 kilometers; m 5 meters; mi 5 miles; nr 5 near; Rd 5 Road.

Taxa in the records section are listed alphabetically, with countries (Mexico if not

stated) and states indicated in ALL CAPS and newly recorded distributions and host

plants denoted by bold text. Host plants were identified by Universidad Nacional

Autonoma de Mexico or Missouri Botanical Garden botanists (see Acknowledg-

ment) using voucher samples of plants from which adults were collected, with the

terms ‘‘larval host,’’ ‘‘adult host’’ and ‘‘flower host’’ used sensu MacRae (2006).

Plant nomenclature follows Tropicos (2013) or, for names not listed in that resource,

The Plant List (2010). If no collector or collection abbreviation is stated, then the

specimen or specimens were collected by the first author and are deposited TCMC.

Collection abbreviations follow Evenhuis & Samuelson (2007) or as listed in the

acknowledgments.

Actenodes scabrosus, sp. nov.

Figs. 1–3, 10

Diagnosis. Moderately robust, convex above and below, elytra widest near middle

and narrowing apically; moderately shining, dark bronze above, elytral surface

scabrous punctate with weak but visible to obsolete costae and faint aeneo-cupreous

antemedian and postmedian zigzag markings, dark cupreous below, front of head in

male with faint aeneous tint on upper frontoclypeus turning to brilliant cupreous and

then bright green on lower frontoclypeus and labrum; eyes separated on vertex by

more than length of antennomere 3; metatibia without area of condensed setae at

middle of outer border.

Description. Holotype male (Figs. 1–2, 10). Size 18.10 mm long 3 7.15 mm wide;

dark bronze above, elytra with faint antemedian and postmedian zigzag markings

closest near middle, the latter more distinct, each faintly margined on the outside

with blue or purple, area between markings with faint blue-purple luster, dark

cupreous below, cupreous tints on upper frontoclypeus, antennal sockets, lower

2013MACRAE & BELLAMY:

TWO NEW ACTENODES FROM MEXICO WITH NOTES 103

genae, palps, scutellum, some areas of thoracic ventrites, and along basal margin of

abdominal ventrites, upper frontoclypeus brilliant cupreous turning to bright green

along midline impression, lower frontoclypeus and labrum bright green, antennae

and tarsi faint with dark blue reflections.

Head with front flat, glabrous, faintly impressed medially; punctures coarse,

dense, rugose on lower frontoclypeus, becoming less dense and rugose on upper

frontoclypeus and less coarse on vertex; obliquely arcuate carina above and inside

antennal socket; surface with smooth area at midline on frontoclypeus and vertex

Figures 1–9. Actenodes spp. 1–3. Actenodes scabrosus. 1–2. Male holotype. 1. Dorsal habitus. 2.Frontal view. 3. Female paratype (Guerrero). 4–6. A. calcaratus. 4–5. Male (MEXICO, Guerrero,Hwy 95, 5 km S Milpillas, 7.VII.1992, ‘‘big dead tree’’, G. H. Nelson [FSCA]). 4. Dorsal habitus. 5.Frontal view. 6. Female (MEXICO, Hwy 95, 2 km S Milpillas, 6.VII.1992, on Acacia farnesiana, G.H. Nelson [FSCA]), frontal view. 7–9. A. michoacanus. 7–8. Male holotype. 7. Dorsal view. 8.Frontal view. 9. Female paratype, frontal view. All scale bars 5 5 mm.

104 THE PAN-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGIST Vol. 89(2)

and as elevated callosities on either side of upper frontoclypeus; anterior clypeal

margin weakly sinuate; antennae short, serrate from antennomere 4, 2 less than half

as long as 1 and 3, 4 serrate, subequal in length to 2, 5–11 subquadrate, slightly

transverse, shorter than 4; eyes separated on vertex by about one-half their greatest

width.

Pronotum 1.8 times wider than long, distinctly wider at base than at apex; lateral

margins weakly converging, more strongly so just before anterior angles; basal

margin bisinuate with broadly rounded median lobe; anterior margin straight; disk

convex, glabrous, weakly obliquely impressed on each side near end of prehumeral

carina, densely punctate and finely transversely rugose toward sides becoming

impunctate toward middle. Scutellum small, triangular, acuminate posteriad, surface

convex, finely alutaceous.

Elytra 1.9 times wider than long, width at humeral angles 1.3 times wider than

pronotum at hind angles; sides subparallel from humeral angles to middle, thenserrate and obliquely converging to apex; disk convex with slight basal depressions

and vague longitudinal costae that are more visible near base; surface glabrous,

shiny, rather densely scabrous punctate, especially near middle.

Figures 10–12. Actenodes spp., male genitalia. Figure 10. A. scabrosus, male holotype. Figure11. A. calcaratus, male (same data as Fig. 2). Figure 12. A. michoacanus, male holotype.



Venter nearly glabrous, densely finely punctate, with weak sinuate raised lines

transverse on thoracic ventrites and longitudinal on last visible abdominal sternite,

impunctate areas apparent along basal and apical margins of contiguous abdominal

ventrites; prosternum truncate at apex; protibiae weakly arcuate basally, meso- and

metatibiae straight, metatibiae without brush of setae on outer margin; last visible

abdominal ventrite with large tooth on lateral margin at apical third and smaller

tooth at apical angle, apex subtruncate.

Male genitalia (Fig. 10) similar to A. calcaratus (Fig. 11) but median lobe wider

and lateral lobes subparallel, not distinctly narrowed to apex.

Female (Fig. 3). Similar to male, differs as follows: front of head dark with aeneus

tints, frontoclypeus more or less distinctly aeneous or aeneo-cupreous; last visible

abdominal ventrite with apex broadly rounded; body slightly more elongate (length

to width ratio 5 2.56 for females, n 5 7; 2.50 for males, n 5 7).

Variation. The type series varies primarily in the degree to which the zigzag

markings of the elytra are visible, extent of cupreous and green markings on the male

frontoclypeus, scabrosity of elytral punctures, development of elytral costae and size.

The zigzag markings range from fairly distinct to scarcely visible, and the bright

green and cupreous markings of the male frontoclypeus vary in extent. Several

individuals have the venter bright cupreous, especially towards the middle, and the

areas around the femoro-tibial joints with distinct cupreous and blue reflections, and

one female from Oaxaca has the frontoclypeus distinctly cupreous. The rugosity

scabrosity of the elytral punctures ranges from moderate to coarse (rather fine in the

Oaxaca female), with the elytral costae ranging from weakly developed but distinct

to nearly absent. Males vary from 15.15–19.50 mm long (mean 5 17.76, n 5 7) and

6.75–7.60 mm long (mean 5 7.09, n 5 7) wide and females from 18.25–21.60 mm

long (mean 5 20.25, n 5 7) and 7.20–8.35 mm long (mean 5 7.92, n 5 7) wide (one

slightly deformed individual not measured). The largest individuals are widest

behind the humeri rather than at the middle of the elytra.

Specimens Examined. Holotype - [UNAM]: ‘‘MEXICO: MICHOACAN | 29.5 km S CuatroCaminos | Hwy 37, 18u47.6439 N | 102u04.7829 W, elev 230m’’ ‘‘2.VIII.2005, T. C. MacRae | BeatingAcacia cochlia- | cantha Humb & Bonpl. | ex Willd. (Fabaceae) [p]’’ ‘‘HOLOTYPE | Actenodes |scabrosus | MacRae & Bellamy [p, red label]’’; 14 paratypes: 2 -- & 1 U [TCMC, RLWE], samedata as holotype; 2 -- & 1 U [TCMC], 4.1 km SE Zicuiran, 18u519300 N, 101u589230 W, elev 7059,3.VIII.2005, on branch live A. cochliacantha, T. C. MacRae; 1 U [FSCA], 11 mi W Apatzingan,20.VIII.1954, E. G. Linsley, J. W. MacSwain & R. F. Smith; 1 U [FSCA], GUERRERO, 3.6 km SZumpango del Rıo, Hwy 95, 23.VII.1992, on A. cochliacantha, G. H. Nelson [Fig. 3]; 1 U [CLBC],OAXACA, Huatulco, vic. Santa Cruz/La Crucacita, 20–26.VI.1999, J. Smith; 1 U [TCMC],PUEBLA, 12 km NW Tehuitzingo, Hwy 190 @ Puerto del Gato, 18u239290 N, 98u209010 W, elev38659, 14.X.2006, on branch live A. cochliacantha, T. C. MacRae; 1 - & 1 U [TCMC], 2.7 km NPetlalcingo, Hwy 190 @ km 174, 18u059540 N, 97u569460 W, elev 48249, 16.X.2006, beating A.

cochliacantha, T. C. MacRae; 1 U [TCMC], same data as previous except cut ex dead branch A.

cochliacantha, T. C. MacRae [collected dead and slightly deformed]; 1 - [CHAH], YUCATAN,Municipio de Tinum, Piste, V.1968, E. C. Welling M.

Biology. One female paratype was cut dead and slightly deformed from a pupal cell

in a dead branch of living Acacia cochliacantha Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. (Fabaceae).

Most of the remaining specimens in the type series were collected on or beaten from

branches of living A. cochliacantha. This and other species of Acacia are commonly

utilized by several Actenodes spp. as well as many other Buprestidae in Mexico.

Distribution. Known from the Mexican states of Guerrero, Michoacan, Puebla

and Yucutan.


Comments. Actenodes scabrosus resembles A. calcaratus (Chevrolat 1835) (Figs. 4–

6, 11), the latter widely distributed from the southwestern U.S. through Mexico and

Central America to northern South America (Bellamy 2008). However, the new

species is slightly larger with the upper surface exhibiting a more aeneous luster, the

elytral punctures coarser and more scabrous and the elytral costae weakly developed

to obsolete. Male A. scabrosus are readily distinguished from A. calcaratus by the

bright green frontoclypeus with brilliant cupreous above and also lack the area of

condensed setae on the metatibia at the middle of the outer border that is present in

male A. calcaratus.

Etymology. The specific epithet, an adjective, is derived from the Latin word

scaber in reference to the rough surface sculpture of the elytra.

Actenodes michoacanus, sp. nov.

Figs. 7–9, 12

Diagnosis. Subrobust, convex above and below, elytra widest near middle and

narrowing apically; shining, black above, elytral surface finely, densely punctate,

with weak but distinct costae and distinct cupreous antemedian and postmedian

zigzag markings, dark greenish-black below with distinct cupreous reflections, male

frontoclypeus brilliant violaceous between lateral carinae and middle of labrum,

bright green along midline impression, inside and below antennal insertions and each

side of labrum, small bright cupreous spot at top of midline impression; eyes

separated on vertex by length of antennomere 3; metatibia with area of condensed

setae at middle of outer border.

Description. Holotype male (Figs. 7–8, 12). Size 13.75 mm long 3 5.35 mm wide;

head and pronotum dark aeneus, elytra black with distinct cupreous antemedian and

postmedian zigzag markings converging between costae 3 and 4, each narrowly

margined on the outside with blue and on the inside more broadly with purple, the

latter extending very narrowly on each side posteriorly along sutural and lateral

margins to near apex, small blue-margined cupreous marking at base of elytron

inside humeral angle, apical third of elytra and disc of pronotum on each side of

middle with faint blue luster, dark cupreous below, bright cupreous on scutellum and

adjacent area of the elytral suture, upper antennal sockets, femoral bases,

prosternum, median areas of remaining thoracic and abdominal ventrites and

behind eyes, brilliant violaceous marking on frontoclypeus between lateral carinae,

bright green along midline impression and around antennal insertions, small bright

cupreous spot at top of midline impression, faint blue reflections on frontoclypeus

above violaceous marking, and lateral carinae of lower frontoclypeus, antennae,

tarsi, front of profemoral apices and protibiae dark blue.

Head with front flat, glabrous, faintly impressed medially; punctures moderately

coarse, dense, asperate on lower frontoclypeus, becoming less dense on upper

frontoclypeus and finer upper frontoclypeus and vertex; carinae inside antennal

sockets vertical, subparallel, extending fully to clypeal margin; surface with smooth

area at midline on frontoclypeus and vertex and as elevated callosities on either side

of upper frontoclypeus; anterior clypeal margin weakly sinuate; antennae short,

serrate from antennomere 4, 2 less than half as long as 1 and 3, 4 serrate, subequal in

length to 2, 5–10 subquadrate, transverse, shorter than 4, 11 slightly longer,

narrowed apically; eyes separated on vertex by less than one-half their greatest

width.



Pronotum 1.5 times wider than long, distinctly wider at base than at apex; lateral

margins divergent at base and converging toward narrowest at anterior angles; basal

margin bisinuate with broadly rounded median lobe; anterior margin straight; disk

convex, glabrous, distinctly obliquely impressed on each side from near end of

prehumeral carina towards middle, densely punctate and indistinctly transversely

rugose toward sides becoming impunctate toward middle. Scutellum small,

triangular, acuminate posteriad, surface convex, finely alutaceous.

Elytra 2.0 times wider than long, width at humeral angles 1.2 times wider than

pronotum at hind angles; sides subparallel from humeral angles to middle, then

serrate and obliquely converging to apex; disk convex with slight basal depressions

and weak but distinct longitudinal costae that are visible to near apex; surface

glabrous, shiny, rather finely densely punctate, especially near middle and along

lateral margins.

Venter nearly glabrous, densely finely punctate, with weak sinuate raised lines

transverse on thoracic ventrites and longitudinal on last visible abdominal sternite,

impunctate areas apparent along basal and apical margins of contiguous abdominal

ventrites; prosternum truncate at apex; protibiae weakly arcuate basally, meso- and

metatibiae straight, metatibiae with brush of setae on outer margin; last visible

abdominal ventrite with large tooth on lateral margin at apical third and smaller

tooth at apical angle, apex subtruncate.

Male genitalia (Fig. 12) very similar to A. calcaratus (Fig. 11), with no appreciable

difference noted in the holotype and one paratype other than their slightly smaller

size compared to A. calcaratus.

Female (Fig. 9). Similar to male, differing by the facial coloration (areas colored

brilliant violaceous in the male are dark aeneous with faint blue reflections in the

female, while areas colored bright green in the male are bright aeneous in the

female); last visible abdominal ventrite with apex subtruncate; body slightly more

elongate (length to width ratio 5 3.07 for females, n 5 1; 2.61 for males, n 5 3).

Variation. Little variation was noted in the type series other than size. The

posterior extensions of the postmedian band along the sutural and lateral margins of

the elytra are brighter and more distinct in the three paratypes, especially the two

males, and one male paratype also has more intense blue reflections in the area

between the basal marking and antemedian band and between the postmedian band

and the elytral apex. The female and one male paratype have less distinct cupreous

reflections on the venter. Punctation and degree of development of the elytral costae

are consistent among the four specimens, except the two male paratypes have slightly

more roughness around the lateral pronotal depressions. The three males vary from

12.25–14.15 mm long (mean 5 13.38) and 4.65–5.40 mm wide (mean 5 5.13) and the

single female measures 16.10 mm long 3 5.25 mm wide.

Specimens Examined. Holotype - [FSCA]: ‘‘MEX[ICO]., MICH[OACAN]., 9mi. S | CuatroCaminos [p] | 11[h]-VII-1972 | G. H. Nelson’’ ‘‘On Acacia | sp. [p]’’ ‘‘not | calcarata [h]’’ ‘‘N. SP. | ?[h, red text]’’ ‘‘HOLOTYPE | Actenodes | michoacanus | MacRae & Bellamy [p, red label]’’; 3paratypes: 1 - [RLWE], Km 4 SE Zicuiran, Hwy to C. de Morelos, 230m, 18u51.4839 N, 101u56.288W, 27.VII.2002, legume slash, R. L. Westcott; 1 U [RLWE], same locality as previous, 23.VII.2003,beating mesquite, R. L. Westcott [Fig. 9]; 1 - [TCMC], 4.6 km NE Zicuiran, Hwy 120, 18u549360

N, 101u569410 W, elev 7409, 3.VIII.2005, beating dead branch A. cochliacantha, T. C. MacRae.

Biology. All specimens in the type series were collected from fabaceous plants, with

the holotype collected on Acacia sp., one paratype beaten from a dead branch of A.

cochliacantha, and another paratype collected on mesquite (Prosopis sp.). Acacia


spp., including A. cochliacantha, and Prosopis spp. are commonly utilized by several

species of Actenodes and many other Buprestidae as well.

Distribution. Known only from the Mexican state of Michoacan.

Comments. Actenodes michoacanus is closely related to A. calcaratus (Figs. 4–6,

11) but can be distinguished by its more sharply defined elytral markings, less

distinct elytral costae and very differently shaped frontoclypeus with sharp,

subparallel lateral carinae that extend fully to the anterior clypeal margin. Males

have the aedeagus more slender and tapering and have the frontoclypeus colored

brilliant violaceous between the lateral carinae and bright green laterally and in the

lower antennal socket and median frontal impression, while such colors are lacking

in male A. calcaratus. The coloration and structure of the frontoclypeus is

remarkably similar to that exhibited by male A. undulatus Waterhouse 1882.

Nevertheless, A. michoacanus is easily distinguished by its black dorsal coloration

with blue-margined purple zigzag markings (dorsal coloration alternating black and

gold in A. undulatus), punctures that are slightly rougher and more transversely

rugose on the pronotum and slightly coarser and more confluent on the anterior half

of the elytra, and the elytra widest at the middle rather than at the humeri.

Etymology. The specific epithet, an adjective, is derived from the Mexican state ofMichoacan, from which all four specimens in the type series were collected.

NEW COUNTRY, STATE AND HOST RECORDS FOR MEXICO AND CENTRAL AMERICA

Acmaeodera (s. str.) aeneoflava Westcott 1998. PUEBLA, 5.0 km NW Petlalcingo,

Hwy 190, 18u069290 N, 97u579350 W, elev 45709, 17.X.2006 (3), on flowers Viguieradentata (Cav.) Spreng. (Asteraceae) & Melampodium sp. (Asteraceae). No other host

associations have been reported for this species.

Acmaeodera (s. str.) aurantiomarginata Westcott 1997. MICHOACAN, 29.5 km S

Cuatro Caminos, Hwy 37 @ km 167.5, 18u47.6439 N, 102u04.7829 W, elev 230 m,

2.VIII.2005 (7), beaten ex Acacia cochliacantha, perched on Melochia tomentosa L.

(Malvaceae) & Pluchea sp. (Asteraceae). Westcott (1996) speculated that the species

visits flowers based on the presence of pollen grains on the venter of specimens in the

type series (using the preoccupied name A. aurantiofasciata Westcott).

Acmaeodera (s. str.) chemsaki Barr 1992. PUEBLA, 5.3 km W Nicolas Bravo nr

km 7.0–1.5 km up trail, 18u379510 N, 97u209170 W, elev 7700–86009, 20.X.2004 (7),

on flowers Viguiera davilae Panero & Villasenor & Viguiera dentata. No other host


Acmaeodera (s. str.) clypeata Barr 1972. PUEBLA, 2.5 km SW Zapotitlan, Hwy

125, 18u199260 N, 97u299550 W, elev 50159, 29.VII.2005 (1), beaten ex dead branch

Acacia farnesiana (L.) Willd. Westcott (2008) provided the first recorded of the

species from Puebla. No other host associations have been reported for this species.

Acmaeodera (s. str.) cuprina Spinola 1838. OAXACA, 6 km S Matalan, 1.7 km W

Hwy 190 on R.M.O. Ocotepec, 16u499320 N, 96u219420 W, elev 68009, 16.X.2004 (2) &

15.X.2006 (3), on flowers Viguiera dentata; 2.1 km N El Moral, Hwy 131 nr km 172,

17u299370 N, 96u569160 W, elev 72359, 19.X.2004 (2), on flowers Bidens odorata Cav.

(Asteraceae) & Dyssodia pinnata var. glabrescens Strother (Asteraceae). PUEBLA,

5.3 km W Nicolas Bravo nr km 7.0–1.5 km up trail, 18u379510 N, 97u209170 W, elev

7700–86009, 20.X.2004 (18), on flowers Bidens ostruthioides (DC.) Sch. Bip., Steviajorullensis Kunth (Asteraceae), Viguiera bombycina Blake, Viguiera davilae & V.



dentata. Westcott et al. (1990) recorded adults on Quercus sp. and on white, yellow,

and reddish-pink-flowered composites. Westcott (2008) provided the first recorded of

the species from Puebla.

Acmaeodera (s. str.) digna Barr 1992. MICHOACAN, 29.5 km S Cuatro Caminos,

Hwy 37 @ km 167.5, 18u47.6439 N, 102u04.7829 W, elev 230 m, 2.VIII.2005 (4),

beaten ex Acacia cochliacantha; 4.1 km SE Zicuiran, 18u519300 N, 101u569230 W, elev

7059, 3.VIII.2005 (1), on branch live A. cochliacantha; 10.4 km E Cuatro Caminos,

Hwy 120, 18u559500 N, 102u039100 W, elev 7459, 4.VIII.2005 (1), beaten ex dead

branch A. cochliacantha. OAXACA, 4.8 km W Tehuantepec, Hwy 190, 12.VII.1992

(1), beaten ex A. cochliacantha. Barr (1992) recorded adults on Acacia pennatula

(Schltdl. & Cham.) Benth. and Cercidium plurifoliolatum Micheli (Fabaceae).

Acmaeodera (s. str.) discolor Barr 1992. MICHOACAN, 29.5 km S Cuatro

Caminos, Hwy 37 @ km 167.5, 18u47.6439 N, 102u04.7829 W, elev 230 m,

2.VIII.2005 (3), beaten ex Acacia cochliacantha. Barr (1992) recorded adults on

Acacia sp., Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw. (Fabaceae) and Cnidoscolus urens (L.)

Arthur (Euphorbiaceae) and emerged from Haematoxylum sp. (Fabaceae).

Acmaeodera (s. str.) haemorrhoa LeConte 1858. MICHOACAN, 4.1 km SE

Zicuiran, 18u519300 N, 101u569230 W, elev 7059, 4.VIII.2005 (11), perched on Plucheasp.; 29.5 km S Cuatro Caminos, Hwy 37 @ km 167.5, 18u47.6439 N, 102u04.7829 W, elev

230 m, 2.VIII.2005 (36), beaten ex Acacia cochliacantha & dead branches Erythroxylonaff. havanense Jacq. (Erythroxylaceae), perched on Melochia tomentosa & Pluchea sp.,

on flowers Zinnia flavicoma (DC.) Olorode & Torres (Asteraceae). OAXACA, 5.2 km

SW Huapanapan, Hwy 125, 18u069300 N, 97u419130 W, elev 60159, 18.X.2004 (4), on

flowers Gymnosperma glutinosum (Spreng.) Less. (Asteraceae) & Viguiera dentata.

PUEBLA, 2.7 km N Petlalcingo, Hwy 190 @ km 174, 18u059540 N, 97u569460 W, elev

48249, 16.X.2006 (1), beaten ex A. cochliacantha; 5.0 km NW Petlalcingo, Hwy 190,

18u069290 N, 97u579350 W, elev 45709, 17.X.2004 (2) & 17.X.2006 (3), on flowers V.dentata. The only hosts recorded previously are flowers of Viguiera stenoloba S. F.

Blake (Westcott et al. 1979), Tithonia rotundifolia (Mill.) S. F. Blake (Asteraceae)

(Westcott et al. 1990) and Helianthus annuus L. (Asteraceae) (MacRae 2006).

Acmaeodera (s. str.) impluviata Mannerheim 1837. OAXACA, 15.4 km NE Sto.

Domingo Tehuantepec, Hwy 185 @ km 268, Jct Rancho Nochixtlan, 16u239530 N,

95u069360 W, elev 209, 13.VII.1992 (3), on flowers Melochia tomentosa; 4.8 km E La

Ventosa, Hwy 190, 28.VII.2005 (2), on flowers M. tomentosa. The only hosts

recorded previously are flowers of ‘‘prob. Zinnia sp.’’ (Eberhard 1990) and Tithonia

rotundifolia (Westcott et al. 1990).

Acmaeodera (s. str.) lauta Barr 1972. MICHOACAN, 29.5 km S Cuatro Caminos,

Hwy 37 @ km 167.5, 18u47.6439 N, 102u04.7829 W, elev 230 m, 2.VIII.2005 (8), beaten

ex Acacia cochliacantha, Lonchocarpus cf. hintonii Sandwith (Fabaceae) & dead

branches Mimosa benthamii Macbr. (Fabaceae); 10.4 km E Cuatro Caminos, Hwy

120, 18u559500 N, 102u039100 W, elev 7459, 4.VIII.2005 (8), beaten ex dead branches A.

cochliacantha, Haematoxylum brasiletto H. Karst. (Fabaceae), L. cf. hintonii & M.benthamii. PUEBLA, 2.5 km SW Zapotitlan, Hwy 125, 18u199260 N, 97u299550 W, elev

50159, 29.VII.2005 (1), beaten ex dead branches Acacia farnesiana; 12.5 km SW

Zapotitlan, Hwy 125, 18u159180 N, 97u329450 W, elev 56239, 29.VII.2005 (1), beaten ex

dead branches A. farnesiana. Barr (1992) recorded adults on Acacia pennatula and

emerged from Lonchocarpus sp. Puebla is not listed in the Bellamy (2008) catalogue,

but it was recorded from the state by Westcott (2008).


Acmaeodera (s. str.) marginarcuata Westcott 1998. MICHOACAN, 29.5 km S


2.VIII.2005 (1), on flower Zinnia flavicoma. No other host associations have been

reported for this species.

Acmaeodera (s. str.) mixteca Westcott 1998. OAXACA, 5.2 km SW Huapanapan,

Hwy 125, 18u069300 N, 97u419130 W, elev 60159, 18.X.2004 (1), beaten ex dead

branch Ipomoea pauciflora M. Martens & Galeotti (Convolvulaceae); same locality,

18.X.2006 (1), on flower Tithonia sp. No other host associations have been reported

for this species.

Acmaeodera (s. str.) mudgei Westcott 2002. PUEBLA, 5.0 km NW Petlalcingo,

Hwy 190, 18u069290 N, 97u579350 W, elev 45709, 17.X.2004 (3), on flowers Viguieradentata. Westcott (2002) recorded adults on flowers of Grindelia sp., Helianthus

annuus and Xanthocephalum benthamianum Hemsl. (Asteraceae).

Acmaeodera (s. str.) philippinensis Obenberger 1924. MICHOACAN, 29.5 km S


2.VIII.2005 (11), beaten ex Acacia cochliacantha & dead branches Erythroxylon aff.

havanense & Mimosa benthamii; 4.6 km NE Zicuiran on Hwy 120, 18u549360 N,

101u569410 W, elev 7409, 3.VIII.2005 (1), beaten ex dead branch Prosopis laevigata(Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) M. C. Johnst. (Fabaceae); 10.4 km E Cuatro Caminos,

Hwy 120, 18u559500 N, 102u039100 W, elev 7459, 4.VIII.2005 (25), beaten ex dead

branches A. cochliacantha, E. aff. havanense, Lonchocarpus cf. hintonii, M. benthamii& P. laevigata. OAXACA, 4.8 km W Tehuantepec, Hwy 190, 12.VII.1992 (5), beaten

ex A. cochliacantha. No other host associations have been reported for this species.

Acmaeodera (s. str.) pulchella (Herbst 1801). Davidson (2003) included this species

in a checklist of Mexican Acmaeodera; however, this species should be striken from

that list. As currently defined (Hilchee 2009), A. pulchella is distributed across

southeastern Canada and the eastern U.S. and is replaced in the southwestern U.S.

and Mexico by the closely related A. mixta LeConte 1860.

Acmaeodera (s. str.) rufolateralis Westcott 1998. MICHOACAN, 4.6 km NE

Zicuiran on Hwy 120, 18u549360 N, 101u569410 W, elev 7409, 3.VIII.2005 (3), beaten

ex dead branches Prosopis laevigata; 10.4 km E Cuatro Caminos, Hwy 120,

18u559500 N, 102u039100 W, elev 7459, 4.VIII.2005 (10), beaten ex dead branches P.laevigata. Westcott (1998) recorded adults on Acacia sp. and Prosopis sp.

Acmaeodera (s. str.) rustica Fisher 1949. GUERRERO, Canon del Zopilote, 2.3 mi

N Rıo Mezcala, Hwy 95, 17.VII.1992 (4), on flowers Allionia sp. (Nyctaginaceae) &

Ruellia nudiflora (Engelm. & A. Gray) Urb. (Acanthaceae); 5.5 km N Rıo Mezcala,

Hwy 95, 16.VII.1992 (4), on flower Allionia sp.; OAXACA, 7.0 km SE Huajuapan de

Leon, Hwy 190, 17u469060 N, 97u459190 W, elev 55609, 17.X.2004 (14), on flowers

Ipomoea costellata Torr.; 5.2 km SW Huapanapan, Hwy 125, 18u069300 N, 97u419130

W, elev 60159, 18.X.2004 (2), on flowers I. costellata. No other host associations

have been reported for this species, which has until now been known only from

Morelos.

Acmaeodera (s. str.) scalaris Mannerheim 1837. MICHOACAN, 29.5 km S Cuatro


2.VIII.2005 (17), beaten ex dead branch Erythroxylon aff. havanense, perched on

Pluchea sp. & on flowers Zinnia flavicoma; 4.1 km SE Zicuiran, 18u519300 N,

101u569230 W, elev 7059, 4.VIII.2005 (1), perched on Pluchea sp.; 10.4 km E Cuatro

Caminos, Hwy 120, 18u559500 N, 102u039100 W, elev 7459, 4.VIII.2005 (1), perched



on Pluchea sp.; Sierra del Espinazo del Diablo, 35.0 km NE Arteaga, Hwy 37, 18u25

N, 102u06.2689 W, elev 820 m, 5.VIII.2005 (1), on flower Croton cladotrichus Mull.

Arg. (Euphorbiaceae). PUEBLA, 3.5 km N El Pitayo, Hwy 190 @ km 90, 18u289120

N, 98u229310 W, elev 38379, 14.X.2006 (1), on yellow-flowered Sclerocarpus sp.

(Asteraceae); 2.7 km N Petlalcingo, Hwy 190 @ km 174, 18u059540 N, 97u569460 W,

elev 48249, 16.X.2006 (1), on yellow-flowered Melampodium sp. Numerous adult and

flower hosts have been recorded for this widespread species (Chamberlin 1926; Vogt

1949; Westcott et al. 1979, 1990; Boldt & Robbins 1990).

Acmaeodera (s. str.) setosa Waterhouse 1882. This lowland species has been

recorded from southern Mexico (Colima, Guerrero, Puebla, Yucatan) through most

of Central America (Bellamy 2008). OAXACA, 15.4 km NE Sto. Domingo

Tehuantepec, Hwy 185 @ km 268, Jct Rancho Nochixtlan, 16u239530 N, 95u069360

W, elev 209, 27.VII.2005 (6). No host associations have been reported for this species,

but all of the adults were collected as they fed on the petals of an unidentified, blue-

flowered species of Commelinaceae.

Acmaeodera (s. str.) superba Waterhouse 1882. PUEBLA, 2.7 km N Petlalcingo,

Hwy 190 @ km 174, 18u059540 N, 97u569460 W, 48249, 16.X.2006 (11), beaten ex

Acacia cochliacantha & Mimosa mollis Benth. & perched on Karwinskia sp.

(Rhamnaceae); 5.0 km NW Petlalcingo, Hwy 190, 18u069290 N, 97u579350 W, elev

45709, 17.X.2006 (41), on flowers Viguiera dentata & yellow flowered Melampodiumsp. No other host associations have been reported for this species.

Actenodes biarti Bleuzen 1989. GUERRERO, Canon del Zopilote, 5.5 km N Rıo

Mezcala, Hwy 95, 7.VII.1992 (1). This species is known also from Jalisco, Morelos,

Quintana Roo, Yucutan, Guatemala and Nicaragua (Westcott et al. 2008, Westcott

2008).

Actenodes calcaratus (Chevrolat 1835). Though recorded from much of Mexico

(Bellamy 2008), the following represent two new state records and one new adult

host. CAMPECHE, Playa Nuevo Campecito (Rıo San Pablo), 18u39.19 N, 92u28.09

W, 3.VI.1992, D. Brzoska [TCMC]. GUERRERO, Canon del Zopilote, 5.0 km S

Milpillas, 6.VII.1992 (1), on Pithecellobium sp. YUCATAN, Municipio de Tinum,

Piste, V.1968 (2), E. C. Welling M. [CHAH]; Piste, 120 km E Merida, Chichen-Itza,

VI–IX.1968 (14), E. C. Welling M. [FSCA]; 1–2 km E Chichen-Itza, 25–27.V.1984, J.

E. Wappes [FSCA]; 2 km E Chichen-Itza, 26.V.1984, R. Turnbow [FSCA]. The

species is known from Costa Rica, although the country was not listed by Bellamy

(2008).

Actenodes sallei Thomson 1878. GUERRERO, Canon del Zopilote, 2.3 km S

Milpillas, 6.VII.1992 (1), beaten ex Acacia sp.; Canon del Zopilote, 2.3 km N Rıo

Mezcala, Hwy 95, 16.VII.1992 (1). This species is known also from Chiapas, Jalisco,

Quintana Roo and Sinaloa (Westcott et al. 1990, Westcott 2008).

Actenodes undulatus Waterhouse 1882. OAXACA, 15.4 km NE Sto. Domingo


W, elev 209, 27.VII.2005 (1), beaten ex dead branch Acacia farnesiana. Westcott

(2008) provided the first record of this species from Oaxaca and Acacia sp. as the

only known host.

Agrilaxia flavimana (Gory 1841). The following represents an additional Mexican

state record and flower host for this widespread species. MICHOACAN, Sierra del

Espinazo del Diablo, 35.0 km NE Arteaga, Hwy 37, 18u25.8529 N, 102u06.2689 W,

elev 820 m, 5.VIII.2005 (1), on flower Croton cladotrichus. Numerous larval, adult


and flower hosts are known for the species (Nelson et al. 1981; Nelson 1987; MacRae

1991, 2006).

Agrilus (s. str.) chalcoderes Chevrolat 1835. Recorded from Guerrero, Oaxaca and

Veracruz (Bellamy 2008), the following represents a southern extension of the known

range. CHIAPAS, 8 mi E Rizo de Oro, 22.VI.1985 (2), D. Heffern [TCMC].

Agrilus (s. str.) detractus Waterhouse 1889. MICHOACAN, 29.5 km S Cuatro

Caminos, Hwy 37 @ km 167.5, 18u47.6439 N, 102u04.7829 W, elev 230 m, 2.VIII.2005

(9), beaten ex Acacia cochliacantha & Lonchocarpus cf. hintonii; 4.1 km SE Zicuiran,

18u519300 N, 101u569230 W, elev 7059, 3.VIII.2005 (63), on branches recently cut A.cochliacantha. OAXACA, 5.2 km SW Huapanapan, Hwy 125, 18u069300 N, 97u419130

W, elev 60159, 18–21.X.2004 (6), beaten live branch A. cochliacantha & Prosopislaevigata. PUEBLA, 2.7 km N Petlalcingo, Hwy 190 @ km 174, 18u059540 N,

97u569460 W, elev 48249, 16–20.X.2006 (37), beaten ex A. cochliacantha; 5.0 km NW

Petlalcingo, Hwy 190, 18u069290 N, 97u579350 W, elev 45709, 17.X.2006 (5), beaten ex

live branches A. cochliacantha. Until now Acacia farnesiana was the only host recorded

for this widespread species (Hespenheide et al. 2011).

Agrilus (s. str.) griseoniger Hespenheide 1990. MICHOACAN, 29.5 km S Cuatro


2.VIII.2005 (3), beaten ex Acacia cochliacantha. This species is also known from

Guerrero, Jalisco, Oaxaca and Puebla. No hosts have been previously reported,

although Hespenheide (1990) mentioned adults collected in ‘‘Acacia woodland.’’

Agrilus (s. str.) ixcuinae Fisher 1938. OAXACA, 7.0 km NW Dıaz Ordaz, Rd to

Villa Alta, 17u019180 N, 96u289200 W, elev 70609, 26.VII.2005 (1), beaten ex Acaciapennatula. No other host associations have been reported for this species.

Agrilus luctator Kerremans 1903. MICHOACAN, 29.5 km S Cuatro Caminos,

Hwy 37 @ km 167.5, 18u47.6439 N, 102u04.7829 W, elev 230 m, 2.VIII.2005 (2),

beaten ex Acacia cochliacantha; PUEBLA, 2.7 km N Petlalcingo, Hwy 190 @ km

174, 18u059540 N, 97u569460 W, elev 48249, 16–20.X.2006 (91), beaten ex A.cochliacantha; 5.0 km NW Petlalcingo, Hwy 190, 18u069290 N, 97u579350 W, elev

45709, 17.X.2006 (21), beaten ex live branches A. cochliacantha. Westcott et al.

(1990) recorded adults on Acacia pennatula.

Agrilus (s. str.) nodifrons Waterhouse 1889. MICHOACAN, Sierra del Espinazo

del Diablo, 35.0 km NE Arteaga, Hwy 37, 18u25.8529 N, 102u06.2689 W, elev 820 m,

1.VIII.2005 (1), on foliage Varronia curassavica Jacq. (Boraginaceae). No other host


Agrilus (s. str.) paraimpexus Hespenheide 2007. PUEBLA, 2.7 km N Petlalcingo,

Hwy 190 @ km 174, 18u059540 N, 97u569460 W, elev 48249, 16–20.X.2006 (11), beatenex Acacia cochliacantha, Mimosa mollis & Prosopis laevigata. Numerous woody

fabaceous plants have been recorded as adult hosts (Hespenheide 2007b,

Hespenheide et al. 2011), with the fabaceous Parkinsonia microphylla Torr. and

Hoffmanseggia jamesii Torr. & A. Gray and euphorbiaceous Ditaxis brandegeei var.

brandegeei (Millsp.) Rose & Standl. being known larval hosts (Fisher 1928,

Hespenheide 2007b, Hespenheide et al. 2011).

Agrilus (s. str.) pilosellus Thomson 1878. OAXACA, 18 mi N La Ventosa,

21.VIII.1966 (4), on Waltheria americana L. (Malvaceae), J. B. Karren [BYUC,

RLWE]. No other host associations have been reported for this species.

Agrilus (s. str.) sparsus Waterhouse 1889. This species is known from much of

southern Mexico, with the following representing new state and adult host records.



PUEBLA, 2.7 km N Petlalcingo, Hwy 190 @ km 174, 18u059540 N, 97u569460 W, elev

48249, 16–20.X.2006 (2), beaten ex Acacia cochliacantha. Westcott et al. (1990)

recorded adults on Acacia pennatula.

Agrilus (s. str.) vermiculatus (Waterhouse 1889). PUEBLA, 5.0 km NW Petlalcingo,

Hwy 190, 18u069290 N, 97u579350 W, elev 45709, 17.X.2006 (1), beaten ex live branch

Acacia cochliacantha. No other host associations have been reported for this species.

Amorphosoma penicillatum (Klug 1827). Recorded from Nicaragua, Panama, and

South America (Waterhouse 1887), the following represents a significant northern

range extension. MEXICO, TAMAULIPAS, Bocatoma, 7 km SSE Gomez Farias,

19–28.V.1979 (1), D. LeDoux [TCMC].

Aphanisticus cochinchinae seminulum Obenberger 1929. Since its introduction to

North America (Wellso & Jackman 1995), this Indomalayan species has spread

throughout the southern U.S. and Central America (MacRae & Nelson 2003, Hall et

al. 2005, Hespenheide 2007a). The following represents the first reported occurrence

in MEXICO, TAMAULIPAS, Gomez Farias, vic. El Cielo Biosphere Reserve,

11.IV.2000 (2), L. G. Bezark [TCMC].

Brachys floccosus Mannerheim 1837. Recorded from the southwestern U.S.

through Panama (Bellamy 2008), the following represents a new Mexican state

record: CHIAPAS, 3 mi W San Cristobal, 22.VI.1985 (1), D. J. Heffern [TCMC].

Chrysobothris (s. str.) analis LeConte 1860. This widespread species has been

recorded from the southwestern U.S. south to Nicaragua on numerous adult and

larval hosts. The following records document an additional Mexican state record

and several adult hosts. MICHOACAN, 29.5 km S Cuatro Caminos, Hwy 37 @ km

167.5, 18u47.6439 N, 102u04.7829 W, elev 230 m, 24–25.VII.03, R. L. Westcott; same

locality, 2.VIII.2005 (2), beaten ex dead branch Lonchocarpus cf. hintonii. PUEBLA,

2.7 km N Petlalcingo, Hwy 190 @ km 174, 18u059540 N, 97u569460 W, elev 48249, 16–

20.X.2006 (2), beaten ex Acacia cochliacantha & Senna pallida var. pallida (Vahl) H.

S. Irwin & Barneby (Fabaceae).

Chrysobothris (s. str.) distincta Gory 1841. PUEBLA, 2.7 km N Petlalcingo, Hwy

190 @ km 174, 18u059540 N, 97u569460 W, elev 48249, 16–20.X.2006 (1), beaten ex

Acacia cochliacantha. Previously recorded adult hosts include Acacia sp., Erythrina

sp. (Westcott et al. 1990), Eysenhardtia polystachya (Ortega) Sarg. and Leucaena

esculenta (Moc. & Sesse ex DC.) Benth. (all Fabaceae); however, Ficus retusa L.

(Moraceae) and ‘‘sun scorched’’ Cedrela odorata L. (Meliaceae) are the only

recorded larval hosts (Westcott 2008).

Chrysobothris (s. str.) multistigmosa (Mannerheim 1837). GUERRERO, Canon

del Zopilote, 2.3 km N Rıo Mezcala, Hwy 95, 17.VII.1992 (1), beaten ex Acaciacochliacantha. OAXACA, 10.0 km E Huajuapan de Leon, Hwy 125, 17u519310 N,

97u429500 W, elev 55209, 18.X.2004 (2), beaten ex Acacia pennatula. PUEBLA, 2.7 km

N Petlalcingo, Hwy 190 @ km 174, 18u059540 N, 97u569460 W, elev 48249, 16–20.X.2006

(8), beaten ex A. cochliacantha, Mimosa mollis & Prosopis laevigata. Previously

recorded adult hosts include Acacia sp., Mimosa sp., Prosopis juliflora (Nelson 1975a)

and Leucaena esculenta (Westcott 2008), with Inga sp. (Westcott et al. 1990) and

Tamarindus indica (L.) (both Fabaceae) (Westcott 2008) recorded as larval hosts.

Chrysobothris (s. str.) verityi Nelson 1975. MICHOACAN, 29.5 km S Cuatro


2.VIII.2005 (2), beaten ex Acacia cochliacantha; 4.1 km SE Zicuiran, 18u519300 N,

101u569230 W, elev 7059, 3.VIII.2005 (29), on branches live and recently cut A.


cochliacantha; 10.4 km E Cuatro Caminos, Hwy 120, 18u559500 N, 102u039100 W,

elev 7459, 4.VIII.2005 (1), beaten ex dead branch Prosopis laevigata. Nelson (1975a)

recorded adults on Acacia sp. and Prosopis juliflora.

Halecia trilineata Waterhouse 1905. VERACRUZ, Los Tuxtlas Biological Station,

18u35.19 N, 95u04.59 W, elev 128 m, 5–6.VI.2012 (2), D. Brzoska [TCMC]. There

have been no reports of this species other than catalogue listings since its original

description from ‘‘Mexico’’ (Waterhouse 1905).

Hiperantha (s. str.) interrogationis interrogationis (Klug 1825). PUEBLA, Hwy 93

N Tulcingo, 18u09.49 N, 98u17.69 W, 17.VI.2000 (2), D. Brzoska [TCMC]. According

to Google Earth, the geographical coordinates suggest this locality is roughly 6.3 km

N of Tecomatlan at an elevation of 1025 m (approximately 28.4 km by road

northeast of Tulcingo). This subspecies has been recorded previously from Guerrero,

Michoacan, Morelos and Veracruz (Bellamy & Westcott 2000).

Hiperantha (s. str.) interrogationis cruentata Rothkirch 1912. In elevating this form

to subspecies, Bellamy & Westcott (2000) noted that the anterior and postmedian

elyral markings are widely separated internally in all but one malformed specimen

with shortened elytra. We examined two individuals from JALISCO, 7 km N

Autlan, Hwy 80, Rd to Microondas de San Francisco, 20.VII.2006, on flowers

Acacia sp., F. Skillman & D. Hildebrandt [TCMC], one of which has the anterior

and postmedian elytral markings well connected. The specimen appears normal in

both size (23.6 mm in length) and development.

Jelinekia barri (Nelson 1975). MICHOACAN, 29.5 km S Cuatro Caminos, Hwy

37 @ km 167.5, 18u47.6439 N, 102u04.7829 W, elev 230 m, 2.VIII.2005 (1), beaten ex

dead branch Mimosa benthamii. Previously recorded adult hosts include Prosopis

juliflora (Nelson 1975b), Celtis sp. and Zizyphus amole (Sesse & Moc.) M.C. Johnst.

(Rhamnaceae) (Westcott 2008).

Mixochlorus suturalis Waterhouse 1887. Previously known from Costa Rica,

Honduras and Panama (Bellamy 2008, Westcott 2008). MEXICO: TABASCO, 3 mi

W Cardenas, 16.VI.1966 (1), U. Kans. Mex. Exped. [SEMC]. NICARAGUA: Rıo

San Juan Dept., 60 km SE San Carlos, Refugio Bartolo, 100 m, 10u58.409 N,

84u20.309 W, 30.V.2002 (1), ex. mercury vapor/UV light, NIC 1BFC02 129, R.

Brooks, Z. Falin, S. Chatzimanolis [SEMC].

Oaxacanthaxia nigroaenea Nelson & MacRae 1994. The type series was collected

on Haematoxylum sp. (Nelson & MacRae 1994). Plant specimens collected at the type

locality on 27.VII.2005 were determined as Haematoxylum brasiletto.

Pachyschelus pubicollis Waterhouse 1889. VERACRUZ, 16.5 mi S Catemaco,

Hwy 180, 17–25.VI.1985 (2), Askevold & Heffern [TCMC]. This species is

distributed from southern Mexico to Panama (Bellamy 2008).

Pachyschelus purpureipennis Waterhouse 1889. Previously recorded from Costa

Rica and Panama (Bellamy 2008), the following represent new Mexican state and

country records. MEXICO: CHIAPAS, 3.5 mi N Ocosingo, Hwy 199, 23.VI.1985

(3), Askevold & Heffern [TCMC]. VERACRUZ, 16.5 mi S Catemaco, Hwy 180, 17–

25.VI.1985 (1), Askevold & Heffern [TCMC].

Paragrilus impressus (Chevrolat 1835). Previously recorded from southern Mexico

to Belize (Hespenheide 2002), the following represents a northern extension to the

known range. MICHOACAN, Sierra del Espinazo del Diablo, 35.0 km NE Arteaga,

Hwy 37, 18u25.8529 N, 102u06.2689 W, elev 820 m, 5.VIII.2005 (1), on flower Croton



cladotrichus; 4.1 km SE Zicuiran, 18u519300 N, 101u569230 W, elev 7059, 4.VIII.2005

(1), on foliage undet. malvaceous shrub.

Paragrilus trifoveolatus Waterhouse 1889. QUINTANA ROO, Coba vic.,

9.VI.1987 (1), L. D. Hermann & C. L. Smith [TCMC]. This species has been

recorded from southern Mexico to Costa Rica (Bellamy 2008).

Paratyndaris (s. str.) lateralis (Barr 1972). MICHOACAN, 29.5 km S Cuatro


2.VIII.2005 (2), beaten ex dead branches Erythroxylon aff. havanense & Loncho-carpus cf. hintonii; 10.4 km E Cuatro Caminos, Hwy 120, 18u559500 N, 102u039100 W,

elev 7459, 4.VIII.2005 (3), beaten ex dead branch L. cf. hintonii & Prosopis laevigata.

OAXACA, 15.4 km NE Sto. Domingo Tehuantepec, Hwy 185 @ km 268, Jct

Rancho Nochixtlan, 16u239530 N, 95u069360 W, elev 209, 12–13.VII.1992 (32), beaten

ex dead branches Haematoxylum brasiletto; same locality, 27.VII.2005 (5), beaten ex

dead branches Acacia farnesiana, E. aff. havanense, H. brasiletto & Senna pallida var.

pallida. Previously recorded adult hosts include Acacia pennatula, Prosopis

glandulosa (Barr 1972), Acacia cochliacantha, Cassia sp. (Fabaceae) and Haematox-

ylum sp. (Nelson & Bellamy 2004).

Paratyndaris (s. str.) mimica Nelson & Bellamy 2004. MICHOACAN, 29.5 km S


2.VIII.2005 (2), beaten ex Acacia cochliacantha & dead branch Erythroxylon aff.

havanense. Nelson & Bellamy (2004) recorded adults on Randia sp. (Rubiaceae) and

‘‘dead limbs and twigs, legume.’’

Paratyndaris (s. str.) nelsoni Barr 1972. OAXACA, 15.4 km NE Sto. Domingo


W, elev 209, 27.VII.2005 (3), beating dead branches Acacia farnesiana, Amphipter-ygium adstringens (Schltdl.) Standl. (Anacardiaceae), Haematoxylum brasiletto &

Senna pallida var. pallida. Previously recorded adult hosts are Acacia pennatula (Barr

1972), Acacia cochliacantha, Cassia sp. and Haematoxylum sp. (Nelson & Bellamy

2004).

Paratyndaris (s. str.) paralateralis Nelson & Bellamy 2004. MICHOACAN,

29.5 km S Cuatro Caminos, Hwy 37 @ km 167.5, 18u47.6439 N, 102u04.7829 W, elev

230 m, 2.VIII.2005 (1), beaten ex Acacia cochliacantha. Nelson & Bellamy (2004)

recorded adults on Prosopis glandulosa and Randia sp.

Paratyndaris (s. str.) robusta (Dozier 1988). MICHOACAN, 29.5 km S Cuatro


2.VIII.2005 (2), beaten ex Erythroxylon aff. havanense. Nelson & Bellamy (2004)

recorded this species from ‘‘intermixed Acacia, Prosopis, and dead branches of

Randia sp.’’

Paratyndaris (s. str.) turbida Nelson & Bellamy 2004. PUEBLA, 12.5 km SW

Zapotitlan, Hwy 125, 18u159180 N, 97u329450 W, elev 56239, 29.VII.2005 (9), beaten

ex dead branches Acacia farnesiana & Prosopis laevigata. Nelson & Bellamy (2004)

recorded adults on Acacia spp. and Prosopis spp.

Pelycothorax tylauchenioides Bellamy & Westcott 1996. OAXACA, 5.2 km SW

Huapanapan, Hwy 125, 18u069300 N, 97u419130 W, elev 60159, 18–21.X.2004 (6),

beaten ex dead branch Leucaena diversifolia (Schltdl.) Benth. & Rhus sp.

(Anacardiaceae). PUEBLA, 2.7 km N Petlalcingo, Hwy 190 @ km 174, 18u059540

N, 97u569460 W, elev 48249, 20.X.2006 (1), on live branch Acacia cochliacantha. The

only previously recorded host is Ipomoea sp. (Bellamy & Westcott 1996).


Polycesta (s. str.) cortezii Thomson 1878. This species was known only from

‘‘Mexico’’ without specific locality until Westcott (2008) recorded adults from

Puebla. GUERRERO, Canon del Zopilote, 6 km S Rıo Mezcala, 7.VII.1992 (1), on

branch dying Zizyphus amole; 4.8 km S Milpillas, 7.VII.1992 (2), on high branches of

large dead tree [& CLBC]. MICHOACAN, 29.5 km S Cuatro Caminos, Hwy 37 @

km 167.5, 18u47.6439 N, 102u04.7829 W, elev 230 m, 2.VIII.2005 (1), beaten ex dead

branch Mimosa benthamii. The only previously recorded host is Busera sp., from

which adults were cut (Westcott 2008). Moore & Dieguez (2008) transferred the

species from subgenus P. (Tularensia) to the nominate subgenus.

Polycesta (Arizonica) embriki Obenberger 1936. Recorded from Michoacan,

Morelos, Sinaloa and Veracruz (Bellamy 2008, Westcott 2008). OAXACA, 6 km SE

Huajuapan de Leon (Hwy 125/190), 27–28.X.1990, C. L. Bellamy, beaten ex dead

Prosopis sp. No other host associations have been reported for this species.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We thank Jesus Romero Napoles (Instituto de Fitosanidad, Texcoco, Mexico) for

providing the necessary collecting permits; Harry Brailovsky (Universidad Nacional

Autonoma de Mexico, Distrito Federal) for facilitating identification of plant

specimens kindly provided by Fernando Chiang, Alfonso Delgado Salinas, Gabriel

Flores, Rosaura Grether, Rosalinda Medina Lemos, Angelica Ramırez Roa, Clara

Ramos, Lourdes Rico and Jose Luis Villasenor; George Yatskievych (Missouri

Botanical Garden) for additional plant identifications; and Dan J. Heffern (Houston,

Texas), Henry A. Hespenheide (University of California, Los Angeles), Doug G.

LeDoux (Forsyth, Missouri), and Richard L. Westcott (Oregon Department of

Agriculture, Salem) for the loan or gift of specimens and data. Our deepest

appreciation is extended to Wolfgang Barries (Vienna, Austria), Henry Hespenheide,

and Richard Westcott for their thoughtful reviews of an earlier draft of the

manuscript.

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Received 5 Feb 2013; Accepted 26 Mar 2013 by F. W. Shockley; Publication date 9July 2013.



Documents

Two new species of Actenodes Dejean (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) from southern Mexico, with distributional and biological notes on Buprestidae from Mexico and Central America