Two-Minute DrillGet out your notes from the guided reading assignment

HomeworkComplete the Bonds Worksheet

Learner ObjectiveLearner will be able to explain the difference between the three types of chemical bonds, what subatomic particle forms a chemical bond between two atoms, and how to calculate the % Ionic Character to determine the type of

chemical bond that forms between two atoms.

Using your notes from the reading assignment determine which chemical bond describes the definition below the best. (Covalent, Ionic, and Metallic)

1. A bond between two metal atoms.2. A bond where the electrons are shared

between the two atoms.3. A bond where an electrical attraction

occurs between two atoms.

Introduction to Chemical Bonding

Introduction to Chemical Bonding

All chemical bonding occurs with those electrons that are found in the

outermost electron shell.

These electrons are called valence electrons.

Ionic Chemical Bonds

Ionic Chemical Bonds

An Ionic bond is formed when one atom transfers its outermost electrons to another atom. The Ionic Bond is a force of attraction that holds two atoms together as a result of the rearrangement of electrons between them.

How to determine if a bond is ionic?

To determine what type of bond is formed between two atoms we will need to use the electronegativity constants on the backside of your Periodic Table of Elements.

Calculate the Percent Ionic Character for

NaCl.Electronegativity's for:Na= 0.93 Cl= 3.16

Difference between Cl and Na3.16 – 0.93 = 2.23 or 2.22.2 = 70%

An Ionic Bond formed if the % Ionic Character is greater than 50%.Atom with the highest electronegativity will gain the electron and become an anion. So “Cl” will be the anion and “Na” will be the cation.

Calculate the %Ionic Character of Ca to F

• Who will be the anion and cation?

F: 3.98Ca: -1.00

2.98 ~ 3.0 89% Ionic Character“F” will be the anion and “Ca” will be the cation.

Types of BondsTypes of BondsA Covalent Bond is formed when two atoms share their outermost electrons.

H H

Ex: Hydrogen has 1 electron in its outermost shell.

H H

H2 is formed because the 2 outermost electrons are shared between the two hydrogen atoms.

Calculate the % Ionic Character of H to H.

H: 2.30H: 2.30

0.0 % Ionic Character is 0%.When the % Ionic Character is less than 50% a covalent bond is formed between the two atoms.

Calculate the % Ionic Character between “H” and “O”.

% Ionic Character0: 3.44H: 2.20

1.24 ~ 1.230% Ionic Character Less than 50% Ionic Character is a covalent bond.

% Ionic Character0: 3.44H: 2.20

1.24 ~ 1.230% Ionic Character Less than 50% Ionic Character is a covalent bond.

Metallic Bonds occurs when the outermost electrons are shared between two atoms and the atoms are both metals. The % Ionic Character is still less than 50%.