Twenty Years of Pulsars at the GBT - Green Bank Observatory

Twenty Years of Pulsars at the GBT

David NiceLafayette College

Green Bank Observatory Virtual Meeting21 April 2021

OverviewPredictionsSearchesDiscoveriesNANOGravInstrumentsPeoplePredictions

1/28

This talk: the tip of the iceberg

GBT pulsar

science


2/28


3/28

sun

rotation periodrotation period derivative

Keplerian orbital elements relativistic orbital elements

kinematic perturbations of orbital elements (secular and annual phenomena)

dispersion measuredispersion meas. variations

positionproper motionparallax

solar electron density


4/28


5/28


6/28


7/28

Trend noted and prediction made (by me) at the Fortieth Anniversary celebration for the 140 Foot Telescope in 1995 :

One major pulsar discovery every ~7 years.


8/28

Deep searches of globular clusters

Figure courtesy of Scott Ransom


9/28

Millisecond puslars coincident with Fermi gamma ray source locations

This figure shows 43 newly discovered millisecond pulsars discovered at Fermi source locations as of 2012. The 24 marked in blue were discovered at the GBT.

Reference: Ray et al (2012), 2011 Fermi Symposium, arXiv:1205.3009


10/28

Green Bank Northern Celestial Cap Survey

193 pulsars discovered so far, including 33 millisecond pulsars

Figure source: http://astro.phys.wvu.edu/GBNCC/


11/28

Pulsar A is eclipsed by pulsar BThe eclipses are modulated by pulsar B rotation

PSRs J0737−3039A and J0737−3039B Discovered at ParkesTiming and eclipse studies at GBT

Image credit: Danien Canten/Darwin \Dimensions/McGill University


12/28

Alternates between accretion and non-accretion states

PSR J1024+0038Discovered at GBTTimed at GBT+Arecibo+Westerbork+Jodrell Bank+XMM-Newton

Imag

e cr

edit:

Bill

Sax

ton;

NR

AO/A

UI/

NSF


13/28

Neutron star mass: 1.97 ±0.04 M☉ (Discovery paper), 1.928 ± 0.017 (Fonseca et al 2016)

PSR J1640-2230Discovered at ParkesTimed at GBT


14/28

Updated in Fonseca et al (2021) Submitted to ApJL, April 2021 arXiv:2104.00880(residual figure is from this paper)

Neutron star mass: 2.14 ±0.10 M☉ (Cromartie et al 2020), 2.08 ± 0.07 (Fonseca et al 2021)

PSR 0740+6620Discovered at GBTTimed at GBT+CHIME


15/28

Neutron star + white dwarf (1.6 day orbit) + white dwarf (328 day orbit)

Gravitational acceleration of neutron star and white dwarf are the same within 1 part in 2.6 ×10−6

PSR J0337+1715Discovered at GBTTimed at GBT+Arecibo+Westerbork

Imag

e cr

edit:

Bill

Sax

ton;

NR

AO/A

UI/

NSF


16/28


17/28

Searching for Gravitational Waves

LIGOLISAPulsar Timing

GW150914

Gravitational Wave Spectrum


18/28

Show Me The ResidualsNANOGrav 12.5-year data set, showing 2 of 48 pulsars

PSR J1713+0747

PSR J1640+2224OverviewPredictionsSearchesDiscoveriesNANOGravInstrumentsPeoplePredictions

19/28

Observing Program: 77 Pulasrs××72


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22/28

PSR J1744-1134

Two narrow bands (GASP)• 2004−2010

Two wider bands (GUPPI)• 2010−• Better sensitivity• Better interstellar medium mitigation• Better match to telescope receivers

Wideband receiverunder development to cover 700 to 4000 MHz simultaneously. (Funded by the Gordon and Betty Moore roundation.)

Pulsar receivers and backends


23/28

Pulsar people at NRAO/GBO

2021Walter BriskenPaul Demorest

Dale FrailRyan Lynch

Mark McKinnonToney MinterScott Ransom

1989OverviewPredictionsSearchesDiscoveriesNANOGravInstrumentsPeoplePredictions

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25/28




26/28DOUBLE PULSAR

TRIPLE SYSTEMTWO SOLAR MASS PULSARTRANSIENT BINARY PULSAR




27/28DOUBLE PULSAR

TRIPLE SYSTEM

FAST RADIO BURST

TWO SOLAR MASS PULSARTRANSIENT BINARY PULSAR



2025

2030

2035

2040

?????????

???

THE NEXT 20 YEARS

THE FUTURE


28/28

THE NEXT 20 YEARS ON THE GBT:A LOT MORE FUN! DOUBLE PULSAR

TRIPLE SYSTEM

FAST RADIO BURST

TWO SOLAR MASS PULSARTRANSIENT BINARY PULSAR

???

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Twenty Years of Pulsars at the GBT - Green Bank Observatory