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TUTORIAL 4: MORPHOLOGY. Jonathan Ng Chan Jun Wei Chan Shi Min Vera Yap Zhuo Hongchao. Q1:. Syllables: rhythmic units of speech. Sound(s) of the word Morphemes : basic building blocks of words that carries meaning or function and cannot be decomposed any further. Meaning of the word. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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JONATHAN NGCHAN JUN WEICHAN SHI MIN
VERA YAPZHUO HONGCHAO
TUTORIAL 4: MORPHOLOGY
Q1:
Syllables: rhythmic units of speech. Sound(s) of the word
Morphemes: basic building blocks of words that carries meaning or function and cannot be decomposed any further. Meaning of the word
Q1:In order for rhyme/rime, the coda of the syllable must be the same
for both words Limericks focus on this because limericks need rhyme
Whereas, morpheme’s function is to indicate the meaning of a part of the word E.g. “beard” & “feared” rhymes,
the root word of feared is ‘fear’ + the inflectional morpheme -ed to indicate past tense Beard is just made up of one root word
E.g. “wren” & “hen” Both end with –en, but –en is not used as a derivative or inflectional morpheme Both words chosen on the basis of rhyme
Q1:
So, even though words rhyme, that is they have the same coda, they need not end off with the same morpheme
and/or the same function.
Q2a: Unbelievable
AdjAf Adj
Un- V Af
Believe -able(ROOT
)
(BASE)
Q2b:
NV Af
Adj
N
Af
-ize-ation
(ROOT)
(BASE)
Af
-ial
Industry
(BASE)
Industrialisation
Q2c:
N
N
Nuclear
Af
Physics -ist(ROOT)
(BASE)
(ENDOCENTRIC COMPOUNDING)
Nuclear Physicist
Q2d:
NN Af
McCain
-iac(ROOT)
McCainiac
Q2e:
N
Adj Af
N
V
-able
-ility
N N
Micro-wave(ROOT)
(BASE)
(BASE)
Microwaveability
V
Q3(i):
Q3(ii):
Q4:
A) Give the Japanese morphemes for the following English translations:
(i)‘Open’ (ii) ‘Eat’
a. [tabeta] 'X ate Y.' b. [aketa] 'X opened Y.‘
Past Tense: Ta(i) Open : Ake(ii) Eat : Tabe
(iii) passive marker (‘… be verb-ed, e.g., ‘They were opened/eaten.’)
b. [aketa] 'X opened Y.‘f. [akerareta] 'X was opened.'
Passive marker: -rare-
(iv) Causative marker (‘… make X verb, e.g., ‘Yosuke made Zechy study)
i. [tabesasenai] 'X doesn't/won't make Y eat Z.' j. [tabenai] 'X doesn't/won't eat Y.'
Causative marker: -sase-
(v) Non-past marker (present or future)
g. [tabesaserareta] 'X was made to eat Y.' k. [tabesaserareru] 'X is/will be made to eat Y.'
Past tense: -taNon-past marker: -ru
(vi) Negative marker (the morpheme meaning ‟not“)
a. [tabeta] 'X ate Y.' j. [tabenai] 'X doesn't/won't eat Y.'
Past tense: -taNegative marker: -nai
B) Suppose a Japanese verb form were to include the following sets of morphemes. For each set, indicate the order in which the morphemes would occur in a verb form.
(i) passive, root, past, causative
Order: Root, Causative, Passive, Past
Example: (g) [tabesaserareta] 'X was made to eat Y.'
(ii) causative, non-past, root
Order: Root, Causative, Non-past
Example: (k) [tabesaserareru] ‘X is/will be made to eat Y.’
B) Suppose a Japanese verb form were to include the following sets of morphemes. For each set, indicate the order in which the morphemes would occur in a verb form.
(iii) root, negative, causative
Order: Root, Causative, Negative
Example: (i) [tabesasenai] 'X doesn't/won't make Y eat Z.'
B) Suppose a Japanese verb form were to include the following sets of morphemes. For each set, indicate the order in which the morphemes would occur in a verb form.
(She) will (non-past marker) make (causative) (him) open (verb) (them)
Ake-sase-ru
(He) will (non-past marker) be made (causative) to open (verb) (them)
Ake-sase-rare-ru
C) Give the Japanese verb form that would be used for each of the following English translations.
(She) will (non-past marker) be made (causative) to take(verb) (a test)
Uke-sase-rare-ta
(She) makes (causative / non-past marker) (him) take (verb) (a test)
Uke-sase-ru
(She) will (non-past marker) not (negative) take (verb) (a test)Uke-nai
D) In Japanese, [uketa] means ‘(She) took (a test)’. Now, using this fact with what you’ve observed above, how would you say the following in Japanese? Don’t try to translate the items in parentheses.
THE END
THANK YOU