Heather Marra, Hailey Mills, Jackie Evers, and Kristen Swerzenski are proud to present…

Also referred to as Monosomy X An abnormal genetic condition resulting

from a defect on or absence of the second sex chromosome

Female is missing an X-chromosome

The female is born without the second X chromosome

"45X” meaning that an individual has 44 autosomes and a single X chromosome

Multiple blood cells are required to be tested because some cells may carry an X monosomy while others may not

Usually caused by non-disjunctionPair of sex chromosomes does not separate

during formation of either egg or sperm When abnormal egg unites with normal

sperm to form embryo…May end up missing that sex chromosomeBe X instead of XX

Shorter than average/slow growth rate No growth spurts during puberty Non-functioning ovaries

No production of estrogen or progesterone Infertility Middle Ear infections leading to eventual loss

of hearing Problems with math, memory skills, and fine-

finger movements Discolored spots on skin

Wide/webbed neck Low hairline Broad chest/widely spaced nipples Arms turned out at elbows Heart murmur due to narrowing of aorta High blood pressure Minor vision issues Scoliosis Osteoporosis (thinning of bones) due to lack

of estrogen

Short stature (Usually no taller than 4’8”) Obese weight (due to an underactive thyroid) Drooping eyelids Problems with breast development Short fingers and toes Extra skin on the neck (webbed neck) Swelling of the hands and feet Low set ears Soft nails that turn upward at the ends Irregular rotation of wrist and elbow joints

Loss of ovarian functions (infertility) Heart defects Kidney problems Visual impairments Ear infections and hearing loss High blood pressure Weak bones

Range of intellectual development usually normal

However, they seem to have difficulty with specific skills

Learning disabilitiesEspecially in math

Behavioral problems Problems with concentrating and

remembering

Women can be amniotic fluid tested while pregnant

If the test returns back to be positive, genetic counseling is recommended

A simple blood test karyotype can determine the diagnosis

Usually diagnosed during infancy but can be diagnosed later in life

It currently affects 60,000 women in the United States

For unknown reasons 98% of Turner Syndrome-afflicted fetuses spontaneously abort, thus making up 10% of all miscarriages

Occurs in about 1/2,000 live female births

Women with Turner’s Syndrome lead typical lives

Have normal family relations

Often bullied when young due to appearance

Turner’s Syndrome Support Groups

No cure for Turner’s Syndrome

Are certain treatments to help with the symptomsGrowth hormone therapyEstrogen/progesterone

replacementClose heart monitoring

for heart problems

We are all people and we are all different in our

own ways. Just because some of us

may look or act different in your eyes does not give you the excuse to make fun of

them.RESPECT EVERYONE

FOR THEIR DIFFERENCES

Works cited "Turner Syndrome Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and

Treatment on MedicineNet.com." Web. 10 Apr. 2011. <http://www.medicinenet.com/turner_syndrome/article.htm>.

"YouTube - Turner's Syndrome and Me." YouTube - Broadcast Yourself. Web. 10 Apr. 2011. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FPPbNwvEYg8>.

"MGA2-11-14_Turner." Memorial University. Web. 10 Apr. 2011. <http://www.mun.ca/biology/scarr/MGA2-11-14_Turner.html>.

"Turner Syndrome." KidsHealth - the Web's Most Visited Site about Children's Health. Web. 10 Apr. 2011. <http://kidshealth.org/teen/diseases_conditions/sexual_health/turner.html>.

Turner Syndrome Society of the US - Welcome. Web. 10 Apr. 2011. <http://www.turnersyndrome.org/>.