Bayram ALTINTOP

Turkish Ceramics, Glass and CementRaw Materials Manufacturers

Association

TURKISH CERAMIC INDUSTRY

& RAW MATERIALS

inTURKEY

LADİES AND GENTLEMAN

WELCOME

In the field of sanitary-ware, our country has become Europe’s largest producer and exporter.

The Turkish ceramic industry employs totally 246,000 people in the field of production, design, sales and marketing.

Turkish Ceramic Industry

1

In 2015, the established capacity of ceramictiles reached to 411 million m2, production is 320 million m2 and the export is 77 millionm2.

The established capacity of sanitary wareproduction is 23 million pcs, production is 20 million pcs. and export is 8 million pcs.

2

RAW MATERIAL DEMANDS

OF

TURKISH CERAMIC INDUSTRY

3

2015

CERAMIC TILES (Floor and wall tiles, granite tile)

Ceramic Tiles Raw Materials Amount (tons/year)

Clay 2.048.000

Feldspars, aplite, pegmatite etc. 1.792.000

Kaolin 768.000

Quartz, quartz sand 512.000

4

SANITARY WARE

2015

Sanitary Ware Raw Materials Amounts(ton/year)

Clay96.000

Kaolin 75.000

Feldspar 90.000

Quartz, quartz sand 39.000

5

USAGE

OF RAW MATERIALS

IN TURKISH CERAMICS

6

CLAY

The clay reserves of Turkey, especially for ceramic and refractory productions are estimated to be nearly 200 million tons.

Nearly half of these reserves are not very efficient to use in ceramic industry for today.

But we believe, these inefficient clays will be used after continuous R&D studies, thus will be very necessarily used for the sector.

7

IMPORTANCE Of CLAY-SAND BASIN

in

İSTANBUL-ŞİLE REGION

8

Approximately 90% of the 200 million tons of clay reserve is included in Şile-Istanbul region for ceramic industry.

Nearly half of these reserves are not very efficient to use in ceramic industry for today.

But we believe, these inefficient clays will be used after continuous R&D studies, thus will be very necessarily used for the sector.

No significant clay deposits have been found up tonow except Şile-İstanbul Basin.

9

89,650

76,855

49,653

78,327 80,301

46,98849,744

90,723

61,976

49,761 47,834

39,234

46,412

21,472

12,195 12,226 14,173 16,60119,670

90,376

0,000

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

90,000

100,000

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

EXPORTED CLAY AMOUNT

10

00

to

ns

years İMMİB

89,650166,505

216,157

294,484

374,785421,773

471,518

562,241624,217

673,977721,811

761,045807,457828,929841,123853,349867,522884,123903,793

994,169

0,000

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1.000,000

1.200,000

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

CUMULATIVE EXPORTED CLAY AMOUNT

10

00

to

ns

years İMMİB

10

31,72967,305 78,485 71,521

146,387

76,597

156,993

278,249

321,117

375,096394,669

461,692468,709

241,805

328,669

444,955430,224

298,715

431,148

320,262

0,000

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

400,000

450,000

500,000

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

IMPORTED CLAY AMOUNT

10

00

to

ns

yearsİMMİB

31,729 99,034 177,520249,040395,428472,025629,018907,267

1.228,3841.603,480

1.998,150

2.459,841

2.928,5513.170,356

3.499,024

3.943,979

4.374,2034.672,917

5.104,0655.424,328

0,000

1.000,000

2.000,000

3.000,000

4.000,000

5.000,000

6.000,000

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

CUMULATIVE IMPORTED CLAY AMOUNT

10

00

to

ns

years İMMİB

11

KAOLİN

Kaolin reserves of Turkey are estimated to benearly 89 million tons, composed of %15-37Al2O3 content.

12

141

109

151

213 223211

173

249 241

172185

126 129

54

138

83110

90116

150

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

EXPORTED KAOLINE AMOUNT

10

00

to

ns

years

141250

401

614

838

1.0481.222

1.470

1.7111.883

2.0682.194

2.323 2.3772.515

2.5982.708

2.7992.914

3.064

0

500

1.000

1.500

2.000

2.500

3.000

3.500

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

CUMULATIVE EXPORTED KAOLINE AMOUNT

10

00

to

ns

yearsİMMİB

İMMİB

13

55,495

112,752178,909

[DEĞER]290,203

390,710402,683

418,791

429,371

472,701

524,561

584,675

662,663843,445

1.109,941

1.380,725

1.654,209

1.871,746

2.141,034

2.539,778

0,000

500,000

1.000,000

1.500,000

2.000,000

2.500,000

3.000,000

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

CUMULATIVE IMPORTED KAOLINE AMOUNT

10

00

to

ns

years İMMİB

[DEĞER]

[DEĞER][DEĞER]

[DEĞER][DEĞER]

[DEĞER]

[DEĞER]

[DEĞER]

[DEĞER][DEĞER]

[DEĞER][DEĞER]

[DEĞER]

[DEĞER]

[DEĞER]

[DEĞER]

[DEĞER]

[DEĞER]

[DEĞER]

[DEĞER]

0,000

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

400,000

450,000

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

IMPORTED KAOLINE AMOUNT

10

00

to

ns

years İMMİB

14

QUARTZ, SİLİCA SAND

It is produced over 4 million tons/year from Şileregion and is refined by the following processes of washing, enriching and grading.

Sand reserves of Turkey for the industries such asceramic, casting, construction etc. are estimated tobe nearly more than 100 million tons in İstanbulŞile Region.

15

27,798 32,673 16,562 16,375 22,510 31,795 37,072 34,47562,674

40,968 45,918 44,725 36,952

195,132

295,986

359,382393,127

450,766475,452

502,200

0,000

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

EXPORTED QUARTZ AMOUNT

10

00

to

ns

years İMMİB

24,058 56,731 73,292 89,668 112,178143,973181,045215,520278,194319,161365,079409,804446,756641,889

937,875

1.297,256

1.690,383

2.141,149

2.616,601

3.118,801

0,000

500,000

1.000,000

1.500,000

2.000,000

2.500,000

3.000,000

3.500,000

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

CUMULATIVE EXPORTED QUARTZ AMOUNT

10

00

to

ns

years İMMİB

16

174,896 168,948213,632 225,031 230,257

147,602188,543

282,136312,937

393,051360,231 347,578

532,169

427,575

638,001

733,191697,861

0,000

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

700,000

800,000

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2003 2005 2006 2007 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

IMPORTED QUARZ AMOUNT

10

00

to

ns

years İMMİB

0,613 169,560383,193

608,223838,481 986,082

1.174,6261.456,761

1.769,6982.162,749

2.522,9792.870,557

3.402,7263.830,302

4.468,303

5.201,494

5.899,355

0,000

1.000,000

2.000,000

3.000,000

4.000,000

5.000,000

6.000,000

7.000,000

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2003 2005 2006 2007 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

CUMULATIVE IMPORTED QUARZ AMOUNT

10

00

to

ns

years İMMİB

17

FELDSPAR

• Feldspar reserves in Turkey are estimated to be 330 million tons (visible & potential). Important feldspar reserves are located in Aydın/Çine and Muğla/Milasthe southwest of Turkey.

• Most of the feldspar is produced by the private sector and 75% of the production is exported. Feldspar exports started in 1990 and it reached approximately to 70 million tons in June 2016.

18

0,770 0,9501,283

1,8002,114

1,356

2,351

3,028

3,972 3,827

4,599 4,639 4,459

2,888

3,7273,962 4,082 4,097

4,559

5,151

2,972

0,000

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

EXPORTED FELDSPAR AMOUNT

mill

ion

ton

s

years İMMİB

0,770 1,720 3,003 4,8036,917 8,273

10,62413,652

17,62421,451

26,05030,689

35,14838,036

41,76345,725

49,80753,904

58,46363,614

66,586

0,000

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

CUMULATİVE EXPORTED FELDSPAR AMOUNT

mill

ion

to

ns

years İMMİB

19

10,1087,546

18,035

0,633

18,840 19,803

5,269

26,977

40,733 40,73944,159

46,323

28,594 28,171

39,95335,053

47,361

39,58241,695

65,406

0,000

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

IMPORT FELDSPAR AMOUNT

years

10

00

to

ns

İMMİB

10,108 17,655 35,690 36,323 55,163 74,965 80,234107,211

147,944188,683

232,842279,164

307,758335,929

375,881410,935

458,296497,878

539,573

604,979

0,000

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

700,000

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

CUMULATIVE IMPORTED FELDSPAR AMOUNT

10

00

to

ns

years İMMİB

High quality K-Feldspars are importing from India, Egypt and Spain due to insufficient reserves of Turkey.

20

• From the quarries, removal of the large amount of feldspar ore and its transportation to plants, stock areas and port, leads to environmental problems.

• The environmental rules are so strict in Turkey that as even the quarries are being stopped.

21

• In local markets, 25 million tons of feldspar is consumed. Totally 95 million tons of feldspar excavated without overburden.

22

• The mining of the elongated feldspar veins due to its geological formation require to open deeper(100-150 mt.depth) quarries, to remove huge overburden excavation forming mountains.

23

In order to produce the feldspar sustainably, themining companies have to consider the facts aboutthe production, enriching, logistics, and miningquarry rehabilitation by obeying the quality,environmental and safety rules.

For that reasons from now on, the importer companies should co-operate with the companies that are producing the feldspar by this sensitivity

24

• In addition, miners have to reforest the clearance land and deliver to the Ministry of Environment Forestry and Urbanization

25

26

THANK YOU / GRAZIE