Turkey's Accession Into the European Union

8/3/2019 Turkey's Accession Into the European Union

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TURKEY

ACCESSION INTO THE EUROPEAN UNION


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ACCESSION

PROCESS

TURKEY: ACCESSION INTO THE

EUROPEAN UNION


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CONDITIONS

Respect the Principles of:

Liberty

Democracy

Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms

The Rule of Law

Article 49, Article 6 of European Union Treaty


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CRITERIA

State Institutions Guarantee:

Rule of Law, Human Rights, Respect for and Protection ofMinorities

Functioning Market Economy

Ability to cope with pressure of competition and marketforces within the Union

Ability to Assume the Obligations of Membership

Adhere to objectives of political, economic, and monetary

union; capacity to apply and implement acquis

Copenhagen Council Criteria (December 1993), Modified 1995(Madrid Council)


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ADDITIONAL

CRITERIA: TURKEY

Resolve outstanding border disputes (Armenia) inaccordance with United Nations Charter, includingInternational Court of Justice

Normalized bilateral relations with all EU Member States(including the Republic of Cyprus)

Fulfillment of obligations under the Ankara AssociationAgreement (1969) extended to all EU Member States(including new member states)


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ACCESSION PROCESS

Application submitted to European Council

European Commission assesses applicant, submits an opinionon applicants ability to meet conditions of membership

European Council decides to accept (unanimously) or reject anegotiating mandate

Negotiations formally open

Screening

Screening Report

Negotiating Position

Common Position

Progress Reports


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35 CHAPTERS OF THE

ACQUIS

Free Movement of Goods

Freedom of Movement of Workers

Right of Establishment and Freedom to Provide Services

Free Movement of CapitalPublic Procurement

Company Law

Intellectual Property Law

Competition PolicyFinancial Services

Information Society and Media


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35 CHAPTERS OF THE

ACQUIS

Agriculture

Food Safety, Veterinary and Phytosanitary Policy

Fisheries

Transport PolicyEnergy

Taxation

Economic and Monetary Policy

StatisticsSocial Policy and Employment

Enterprise and Industrial Policy


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35 CHAPTERS OF THE

ACQUIS

Trans-European Networks

Regional Policy and Coordination of Structural Instruments

Judiciary and Fundamental Rights

Justice, Freedom and SecurityScience and Research

Education and Culture

Environment

Consumer and Health ProtectionCustoms Union

External Relations


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35 CHAPTERS OF THE

ACQUIS

Foreign, Security and Defense Policy

Financial Control

Financial and Budgetary Provisions

Institutions

Other Issues


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CLOSURE AND

ACCESSION TREATY

Chapters close provisionally when all member states aresatisfied with a candidates progress

Final closure only happens when all chapters are closed

Draft Accession TreatySupport of Council, Commission and European Parliament

Signed by candidate and Member States representatives

Candidate becomes Acceding State

Submitted to Member States and candidate for ratification

Accession State becomes a Member State


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TURKEYS

ACCESSION


EUROPEAN UNION


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TURKEY EU

ACCESSION TIMELINE

September 1959 Turkey applies for EEC membership

September 1963 Association Agreement signed

April 1987 Full application for EEC membership submitted

December 1996 Customs union finalizedDecember 1997 Turkey declared eligible for EU membership

December 1999 EU Helsinki Council recognizes Turkey as acandidate country

December 2002 European Commission assigned to writereport on Turkey membership Negotiations

October 2005 Negotiating Framework submitted, ScreeningProcess begins


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TURKEYS TIMELINE

(CONT.)

December 2005 Council adopts Accession Partnership

June 2006 Negotiations opened, closed on Science andResearch Chapter

December 2006 Council suspends negotiations on eightchapters, will not close provisional chapters until Turkeyfulfills its commitments under Association Agreement to allEU member States, including Republic of Cyprus

March 2007 Enterprise and Industry chapter opened

June 2007 Financial Controls, Statistics chapters opened


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TURKEYS TIMELINE

(CONT.)

December 2007 Trans-European Networks and Consumer &Health Protection chapters opened

June 2008 Intellectual Property and Company Law chaptersopened

June 2010 Food Safety, Veterinary and Phytosanitary Policychapter opened

September 2011 15 of 33 chapters either blocked or frozen

September 2011 Turkey threatens to freeze EU relations ifRepublic of Cyprus receives presidency in July 2012


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TURKEYS CHAPTERS:

CLOSED

Science and Research


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TURKEYS CHAPTERS:

ADVANCED PROGRESS

Free Movement of Goods (Suspended)

Intellectual Property Law (Open)

Food Safety, Veterinary, and Phytosanitary Policy (Open)

Economic and Monetary Policy (Blocked)Statistics (Open)

Enterprise and Industrial Policy (Open)

Trans-European Networks (Open)

Customs Union (Suspended)

External Relations (Suspended)

Financial Control (Open)

Financial and Budgetary Provisions (Blocked)


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TURKEYS CHAPTERS:

SOME PROGRESS

Free Movement of Capital (Open)

Public Procurement

Competition Policy (Open)

Financial Services (Suspended)

Fisheries (Suspended)Energy (Blocked)

Taxation (Open)

Regional Policy and Coordination of Structural Institutions (Blocked)

Judiciary and Fundamental Rights (Blocked)

Justice, Freedom, and Security (Blocked)

Education and Culture (Blocked)

Consumer and Health Protection (Open)

Foreign, Security, and Defense Policy


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TURKEYS CHAPTERS:

LIMITED PROGRESS

Free Movement of Workers (Blocked)

Right of Establishment and Freedom to Provide Services(Suspended)

Company LawInformation Society and Media

Agriculture (Suspended)

Transport Policy (Suspended)

Social Policy & Employment

Environment (Open)


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FINAL

THOUGHTS


EUROPEAN UNION


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THE PROCESS IS

DIFFICULT

Long Timeline

35 Chapters

Nothing is agreed until everything is agreed.

European Member States (and their politicians)

Ratification by the Member States


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HISTORY IS DIFFICULT

Example: Cyprus

Divided since 1974 (Conflict since

South controlled by internationally recognized GreekCypriot government (Republic of Cyprus)

North administered by Turkish Cypriots (TRNCrecognized only by Turkey)

UN peacekeeping forces maintain a buffer zone

May 2004 - Republic of Cyprus became EU Member State

October 2005 - EU opens accession talks with Turkey

Condition - Extend Ankara Association Agreement toRepublic of Cyprus (as a full Member State of EU)


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THE PRESENT

IS DIFFICULT

European debt crisis

Arab Spring

Border dispute with Armenia

Cyprus conflict

Relations with Israel collapse, calls for Palestinian state

Kurdish minority, Roma minority

And more


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ACCESSION

IS DIFFICULT


EUROPEAN UNION


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SOURCES

"Cyprus." U.S. Department of State. 28 Dec. 2008. Web. Sept. 2011.

"Enlargement - European Commission." EUROPA - European Commission. Web. Sept.2011.

EU General Affairs Council. 2770th Council Meeting, General Affairs and ExternalRelations. EU@EN. 11 Dec. 2006. Web. Sept. 2011.

"Is Turkey's New EU Strategy Realistic? An Assessment of Chapters Blocked

Politically." Turkish Review. 1 Jan. 2011. Web. Sept. 2011.Shadid, Anothony. "In Riddle of Mideast Upheaval, Turkey Offers Itself as an Answer."The New York Times27 Sept. 2011, A4 sec. Web.

"Timeline: Turkey's Long and Winding Road towards EU." Reuters. 18 Jan. 2009. Web.Sept. 2011.

"Turkey Accession and Cyprus." EurActiv. 12 May 2011. Web. Sept. 2011.

"Turkey Country Profile." BBC News. 4 Aug. 2011. Web. Sept. 2011.

"Turkey Threatens to Freeze EU Relations over Cyprus Presidency." The Telegraph. 19Sept. 2011. Web. Sept. 2011.

"Turkey's EU Timeline: 45 Years of Hope." Spiegel Online. 15 Dec. 2004. Web. Sept.2011.


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PETER

[email protected] | @PETERTKANE

WWW.PETERTKANE.COM

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Turkey's Accession Into the European Union