Tunbridge Wells in 1909Supplementary Notes

Version 2. June 2012

This document contains the source references that wereexcluded from the main volume.

It also provides an opportunity to correct errors that havebeen identified in the main volume, and to include references

to new information.

Should you find further errors - in the main document, or inthese supplementary notes; or if you have additional

information about 1909 that you would like to be recorded,please send details to:

newsletter@thecivicsociety.org

Thank you

Foreword (p1)-Christmas 1908 (p3)p3 The story of the ‘suffragettes’ is from the Courier Jan 1st p5.p3 The postmen - Courier Jan 1st p7. The telegraph-boys in Tonbridge - Tonbridge

Free Press Jan 1st ?p4 Festivities at the Spa - Courier Jan 1st p5, Society Dec 18th 1908 p15. (Juliet

Nicholson in The Perfect Summer (2008) describes a fancy dress competition at theSavoy Ball. Lady Diana Manners won 250 gns and a diamond and gold pendant forher representation of Velasquz’ ‘Infanta’)

p4 Emmanuel Meal - Society Dec 26th 1908 p2. Courier Jan1st p7. Fund-raising dinnerfor Christmas1909 reported in Courier of Nov 26th p7.

An Introduction to Tunbridge Wells (p5)p6 Medical Officer of Health Annual Report for 1909. Table XIXp6 The suggestion that other towns were more significant for ‘Anglo-Indian’ families

comes from E. Buettner Empire Families: Britain and Late Imperial India (2004),eg p209. She does however have the story of Adelbert Talbot, who retired as BritishResident in Kashmir in 1900. His search for a retirement home in England was donewith care - he needed a certain status, but had limited resources. Barnes was rejected- ‘not a nice neighbourhood - mainly composed of Cockney villas’ (p192). The moredesirable parts of London were too expensive. He feared that it might have to be theMidlands, but then found a suitable house in Frant.

p6 Population figures for Tunbridge Wells as a whole were abstracted from 1901 censussummaries on the histpop.org web-site, hosted by the Univertsity of Essex.

p6 Population figures for St James’ Road were abstracted from the detailed 1901 censusreturns.

p7 Details of HM Caley from B and G Copus’ chapter in Residential Parks (ed J.Cunningham). p41.

p7 Reference to councillors’ preference for Cllr Marsh, from Advertiser article October1908, in Borough Archives press cuttings.

The main source for Tunbridge Wells in 1909 was the Kent and Sussex Courier(Courier), as this was available on microfilm in TW Reference Library. Other local

newspapers: Tunbridge Wells Advertiser, Tunbridge Wells Gazette and FashionableVisitors List, and Tunbridge Wells Society are only available at the British Library

Newspaper Collection. The Tonbridge Free Press (TFP) is available on microfilm atTonbridge Ref. Library.

Note that all dates are 1909 unless otherwise stated.

p8 Ratepayers League. Courier May 21st p7 reported that it had 2000 members - onethird of the electorate.

p9 Paget Hedges. Society Jan 2nd, p11. The story about him being snubbed in Leighcame from Christopher Rowley (local historian of Leigh). I found surprisingly littleinformation about the history of Benson & Hedges, though the Ellis Islandimmigration records do record Hedges’ almost annual visits to the United States.

p9 Spender-Clay. Society Dec 18th 1908.This includes the following description ofMrs Spender-Clay “without being a strikingly beautiful woman, Mrs Clay hasattractive features, and a great charm of manner, and a restful way of talking”. Thereis an illustrated article in the Advertiser of Nov 13th 1908. A New York Times articleof July 15th 1904, mentions that he resigned from the Guards in 1902 ‘after’ the‘ragging’ scandal at Windsor. It is not clear whether he was involved in the scandal- the timing may have been coincidental. (The scandal involved senior officersbeing censured for allowing (perhaps encouraging) junior officers to imposeexcessive punishments on colleagues who didn’t conform to the behaviour expectedof officers.

p9 Lord William Nevill. See, inter alia, The Times Feb 16th 1898. p12. Nevill later wrotea book about his experiences in prison called Penal servitude (1903). He was infurther trouble in 1907 The Times Apr 15th 1907 p14.

p10 J Nicolson (The Perfect Summer p115) quotes Kipling, describing Churchill at the1911 coronation, full of his own self-importance “like an obscene paper-backedFrench novel in the Bodleian”.

How we became Royal (p11)p11 Formation of Advertising Association. From the Courier of May 22, June 19, June

26 1908, and the Advertiser of 31st July 1908.p12 Albert Dennis was brought up by his elder sister, Elizabeth, and her husband

Ebenezer Waymark. In 1876 the Waymarks opened a small drapers shop at 78Calverley Road (NB there were no buildings then between Five Ways and MonsonRoad). In the early 80’s they moved to no 2 Calverley Road, and by 1909 theydominated that corner site, which became known as Waymark’s Corner. Ebenezerdied in 1892, and Elizabeth took over the running of the business. Albert, who hadbeen involved in the firm since the late 1870’s was admitted a partner in 1900. TheDrapers Record. Sept 18th 1909. See also Society 19th Dec 1908 p4.

p12 Activities of the Advertising Assoc - these were reported each month in the Courier.Most of the details given here were taken from the report on 29th Jan of theassociation’s Annual Meeting. ‘Chess competition’ is perhaps the wrong term. Itwas in fact a ‘chess congress’, held in the town, with some hundreds of participants.

p12 Holiday Whitakers - This was a short-lived publication. Whitakers’ own archivewas destroyed in 1942 but there is a copy in the British Library.

p12 Association for the Promotion of Tunbridge Wells (footnote). Described in anobituary for Mr Francis Boreham (its first secretary) in the Courier of Feb 5th 1932.

J Nicolson (The Perfect Summer p226) talks of south-coast resorts having ‘PublicityManagers’. The Times disliked the term - an Maericanism.

p13 Opera House. Papers relating to the application to call it ‘Her majesty’s’ are in theNational Archives at Kew. HO144/603/B24574.See p151 for an earlier request.

p14 Capstan cigarettes. The story about the request to call them ‘Royal George’ comesfrom WD and HO Wills and the Development of the UK Tobacco Industry BWEAlford. (2005) p217.

p14-16The petition to the King and the various responses to it are at the National Archives.HO144/19776. Reports in the local newspapers can be identified from dates in thetext. Streatfeild and Hardinge links to the King: Courier 26th Feb p7, Recollectionsof Three Reigns F Ponsonby (1951) pp254-5.

p14 Duchess of Argyle - better known in Tunbridge Wells as Princess Louise,Marchioness of Lorne, daughter of Queen Victoria, who lived at Dornden in Rusthallin the 1870’s.

p18 Note that George V’s coronation was in 1911, not 1910.

January (p19)p20 Old Age Pensions. The numbers in receipt of pension within Tunbridge Wells

come from the Courier 8th Jan p7. The statement about the unexpected levels ofpoverty, especially in Ireland, comes from the Annual Register, p30. Old AgePensions had been paid in Germany since 1899, and were already available in NewZealand. The Advertiser gloried in the fact that although both parties had promisedthem, it was the Liberals who had delivered (Advertiser May 15th 1908, p9). ManyConservative MP’s were opposed. Col Warde (Medway - on p 92 I incorrectly stateMid-Kent) declared that he was against them (Courier 5th Feb p9), and Spender-Clay stated that he was in favour of Old Age Pensions, but “not of the presentscheme by any means” (Advertiser Nov 13th 1908). Most Conservative MP’s wouldhave preferred a contributory arrangement. The issue became heated later in 1909when certain Liberal representatives suggested that the pension would be at threatif the Conservatives won the election. The Courier saw the danger in this andstrenuously denounced what it termed the ‘Pension Lie”.

p21 Mrs Collins may have been the oldest pensioner, but Mrs Skinner of HollandsFarm, Langton, at 105, was older. She was interviewed by the Advertiser on 26thMarch, but did not say very much. She said even less when interviewed again inMarch 1910.

p21 The execution at Bethune. Arnold Bennett’s The Old Wives’ Tale, published in 1908includes a scene at a public execution, though Bennett claimed afterwards that hehad never personally attended one.Tressel in The Ragged TrouseredPhilanthropists (1914) p21 blamed the press for this “undiscriminating hatred offoreigners”. Courthope’s speech about foreigners was reported in the Courier of29th Jan p7.

p23 The Servants’ Ball at Eridge was reported in the Courier of 8th Jan p7.

p23 Society’s statement about unemployment came on 20th Feb.p24 Mayor’s Unemployment Fund. There are frequent references in both local papers

to the funds collected, and the numbers who were supported. The Advertiser of 8thJan gives other examples of the type of work that was funded.

p24 Cabman’s shelter. There were proposals in 1908 for another shelter at the top ofMount Pleasant, though this was opposed by ratepayers (Advertiser, March, April1908). At the same time the cab-drivers were opposing the granting of licences totaxi-cabs (ie motor taxis).

p24 The newly-formed Right to Work Committee held an outdoor meeting at the cornerof Lime Hill Road in October 1908. Despite the weather (it was raining) there was afairly large crowd to hear the Secretary, Mr H Hesketh, declaim violently against thegovernment, the Royal family, and the existing order of things generally (Advertiser.Oct 16th 1908. p6). Cripps defence of the Mayor’s Fund Courier 8th Jan.

p25 The Right to Work breakfast. I haven’t been able to identify Rev Kwell. The namemay be wrong.

p26 The march to the workhouse. The descriptions of the various unemployed marchesare taken generally from the Courier of late January and early February. The paperwas not generally critical of them, though the editor did respond to a letter from MrHumphrey of the Right to Work Committee about the ‘down-trodden citizens ofour town’. The editor considered this phrase to be ‘pure clap-trap’, in view of thelarge amounts that had been subscribed for relief (Courier Feb 19th p4).

p26-28 Story of Clara Edith Bassett.(Courier Jan 8th p11,Feb 26th p3). Hettie Oxley (CourierMay 7th p3). There were other stories suggesting that infanticide was notuncommon: a baby’s body found in a brown-paper bag under the seat of a train - ithad been drowned (Advertiser. Mar 13th 1908), a baby’s body found under a bushon the Common, its throat cut (Courier June 7th 1907)

p28 Boys birched. Tonbridge Free Press 15th Jan

February (p29)p30 Recruitment of Territorials. The Courier comment was on 19th Feb. Headmaster’s

suggestion was in the Courier Jul 9th p7.p31 ‘An Englishman’s Home’. New York Times Feb 21st. There was an enthusiastic

preview in the Courier of Apr 2nd: “In London [it] has created a sensation uniquein the annals of the stage”. The performance at the Opera House was under thepatronage of the High Sheriff of Kent, and the commanding officers of the RoyalWest Kent regiment.

p31 Tunbridge Wells Peace Union. Courier 29th Jan p5, 12th Nov p5.p32 Boy Scouts. For early experiences of scouting in Tonbridge see Sir Andrew Judd’s

Commercial School Magazine for 1909 pp21-22 (in Tonbridge Ref Library). Theexercise on Rusthall Common Courier 8th Jan p8, and the Easter camp at EdenbridgeAdvertiser 30th Apr p13.Report of the Crystal Palace rally The Times Sep 6th p.10.For claims about the social and educational benefits of scouting see The Times Sep

4th p10. Legion of Frontiersmen Courier 2nd Apr p2 (possibly 26th Mar).p33 Sylvia Pankhurst in Kent. A Crusading Life. S Harrison (2003) pp. 103, 108p34-35 Suffragette campaigning. Detailed descriptions in the Courier 19th and 26th Feb.

Irene Tillard case described in Courier 20th and 27th Aug. For Violet Tillard, seeThe Friend 3rd and 10th March 1922. Advertiser’s view of Lady Constance Lytton26th March. Example of anti-suffrage view: Courier 6th Aug p7.

p36 Jenkin Lloyd case.Courier 5th Feb p3. also Advertiser 5th Febp37 Brewster Sessions - including statistics on drunkenness, and memorandum by

Temperance Movements. Courier 5th Feb p3. The reference to Britain’s ‘drunkenwomenhood’ was in Tonbridge Free Press Feb 12th.

March (p39)p40 The Medical Officer of Health produced an annual report - these are held in the

Tunbridge Wells Borough Council archives.p41 Train Crash. Detailed descriptions in Courier 12th Mar p2, including sketches of

the drivers, but also on 14th May with the enquiry report.p42 Railway accident statistics. The actual source for the 1907 figures is not now clear,

but the figures are comparable to Board of Trade data used by Peter Anderson in a2007 Nuffield College paper: ‘The Subject of Much Anxiety’: Deaths and Injuries toBritish Railwaymen, 1896-1913. 2007 figures from Railway safety statistical reportfrom the Office of Rail Regulation

p43 Shopping. The argument over the Harrod’s excursion train, and the different attitudestowards shoppers are presented in the Courier and Society in the first three weeksof January. Adverts for Selfridge’s appeared in The Times throughout March. Therewas an article in The Times on ithe store’s architecture on 12th Mar p11, and on theSelfridge’s ‘shopping experience’ on 16th p13. The advert for Edmund Allen inCamden Road was in the Courier 26th Mar p3.

p45 Motor Cars. Figures on car registrations from Illustrated London News Jan 2nd.The Brackett’s Sales Catalogues are in Tunbridge Wells Ref Library, as are JoanBurslem’s memoirs.

p46 The Dash for Hastings.This was described in Bygone Kent vol. 8 No 12. pp699-702.‘Up Guards and at ‘em - by MotorCar’ by G. Anckorn. but the details here wereactually taken from accounts in the Courier and Tonbridge Free Press for 19thMar, and The Times, 11th Mar p9, and 18th Mar p10. The ILN of Apr 17th makesreference to a similar trial between Leeds and Scarborough. The reference to earlierexercises in the Napoleonic wars is from Kent and the Napoleonic Wars P. Bloomfield(1987) p68. The denial of any personal interest on the part of Mr du Cros was in TheTimes of 23rd Mar p19. The reference to the MOD should be to the War Office.

p48 Food shortage. Letter recommending dates and brown bread in Courier 1st Jan.

April (p49)p50 Mr Edwards’ patent scheme was advertised in ILN Jan 9th; The Perfect Woman

was delineated in the Advertiser of 29th Jan p7; ‘The Baby’s Tragedy’ in EmotionalMoments S. Grand (1908) pp113-142; The garment shield was advertised in TheDrapers Record of July 10th. p69.

p51-52 Football. Courier 16th Apr. p4; 17th Sept. p4; 28th Dec. 1900p52 Rates. Courier 5th Mar. p9; 12th Mar. p6; 2nd Apr. p7p53-55 Church. Stather Hunt’s concerns: Courier 7th May p8; Music at St Barnabas:

Courier 7th and 21st May; Anti-Catholic feelings: Courier 19th Feb p2, 26th Febp7, 30th July p5; Mormon recruitment: Advertiser 28th Feb 1908. Details of StAugustine’s taken from One Cog E. Marchant (?1992) pp28,29,37-40

p55-56 Dreadnoughts. Courier editorial 26th Mar p7; See also 16th Apr p7, 23rd Apr p9,14th May p3,

p56 Budget. Courier’s earlier concerns 29th Jan p7; initial mistaken support: 30th Aprp7; actual views 7th May p8; ‘magnificent’ Advertiser 30th Apr.

p57 Sidney Dunn. Courier 9th Apr p7, 8th Oct p3, 29th Oct p3. Advertiser 10th Apr1908, 1st Oct p11.

p57 Effect of education. Courier 2nd Apr p8.p57-58 Fighting. Courier 7th May p3; 9th Apr p4.p58 Roller skating. Courier 14th and 21st May p7.

May (p59)p60 Details of Sassoon’s early life were taken from his memoirs: The Weald of Youth

(1942), the first sentence in particular is from p7 and The Old Century (1938)p61-64 Details of life in the Brenchley rectory were taken from The Last Summer K. McLeod

(1983) p21 et seq, life in the Speldhurst rectory from Memories of a Village RectoryS. Farrance and J. Bennett (1993), and in Tunbridge Wells from I was born on thePantiles J. Butcher (1990) pp4-6 (and unlike an au-pair, Florence had to wear auniform) and from the memoirs of Joan Burslem - typescript in TW Ref Library.Advice for guests from the Advertiser 30th Apr p6.

p65-66 ‘Royal’. Advert at Charing Cross Gazette 19th May p4, Courier 14th May p9 and21st May p9; Complaints in Crowborough Courier 14th May p9; Imperial exhibitionCourier 26th Mar p9, 21st May p7.

p66-67 Empire Day. There were long reports in the Courier 28th May. The picture of ChristChurch school is from the Advertiser. The ‘Empire Hymn’ Unfurl the Empire’sStandard was no 688 in The Church Hymnal for the Christian Year published byNovello in 1917.

p68 Emigration. Colonising Society: Advertiser 21st Feb 1908 p15, Courier 29th Jan p9.Canadian recruitment drive: Courier 19th Mar p10; NZ advert Courier 28th May;letters from emigrants: Courier 26th Mar p9, 9th Apr p7; situation in South Africaand Tasmania Courier 2nd Jul p10.

p69 Whit Monday sports at the Nevill: Advertiser 4th Jun.p69 Speed limits. Tonbridge: Tonbridge Free Press 15th Jan (with comments on the

difficulty of noting the registration number when they were travelling at 20mph)

also ? 18th Jun; Tunbridge Wells: Courier 22nd Oct p9.p70 Accidents. Courier 14th and 21st May; Advertiser 5th Nov p14.p70 Fire at Cinema. Courier 4th June.p.70 Poetic Laundry. eg Courier 8th Jan p3.

June (p71)p72 The Old Wives’ Tale p444 “Tunbridge Wells is a very nice town indeed, with very

superior people, and a beautiful climate”; A Room with View p30 “ ‘I am used toTunbridge Wells [says Miss Bartlett] , where we are all hopelessly behind thetimes.’ ‘Yes,’ said Lucy despondantly.”

p72 Williams Library Courier 29th Jan p6.p72 Jig-saw puzzles. Gazette 21st Oct. p1.p73 Sale of phonograph. Bracketts Sale on Apr 30th. This was the same Mr Williamson

who sold the motor car mentioned on p45. The same sale included 1 bottle ofliqueur gin, a part bottle of brandy and 3 part bottles of wine.

p73 Swimming. Courier 21st May p7, Advertiser 26th Feb, Courier 7th May p9, 12thNov p8.

p73 Bowls Club. Advertiser 2nd July Edit.p73 Rat and sparrow club. Courier 8th Jan p7, 30th Apr p4.p74 Wind in the Willows p7; ‘swarming slums’ quote is from Beyond the Wild Wood -

The World of Kenneth Grahame P Green (1982) p50.p74 Emotional Moments S Grand (1908) pxiv; the weary maid is in ‘A New Sensation’ in

Emotional Moments S. Grand (1908) p77; The Times 20th Jan p6.p75 JH Townend. Courier 4th Jun p7.p75 Fred Fowler Courier 11th and 18th Jun.p76 Presentations at Court. Courier 5th Mar p7.p76-77 Eridge. 16th Apr p7, 11th Jun p7, 18th Jun p7.p77 ‘County’ families. Advertiser 6th Aug p15, 3rd Apr 1908, Courier 12th Nov p7.p78 Visits. Courier 18th Jun p7, 2nd Jul p7, 16th Jul p7. AK Baldwin obit Courier 3rd

Dec 1915p79 Views of Bishop of Honduras.Courier 18th Jun p7.p79 Mission. Zenana: Courier 19th Mar p8, 16th Apr p8; within Britain: 19th Nov p3,

1st Oct p6. There are references to missionary activity throughout the year, seeCourier 8th Oct p7 for the difficulties in India, and 16th Jul p9 for the misison to theJews in Persia. Tonbridge Free Press 21st July for the missionary festival.

p80 Joseph Hoare. Courier 11th Jun p7, 26th Nov p7. The letters are available as adownload from the website of St Pauls College, Hong Kong. 210.0.203.43/upload_files/na/103_assembly0918.pdf

p81 Use of ‘Royal’. Courier 14th May, 11th Jun p7; letter by Walter Brook to HomeOffice re Mr Hollands 4th May, re the machine bakery 19th June, letter from HomeOffice to WT Rind 26th Sep 1935 HO 144/19776. The TW Postmaster also applied touse ‘Royal’ for the staff sports club and was refused in Aug.

p81 Tonbridge Cricket Week. Tonbridge Free press 18th Jun. Courier 18th Jun p2.Society 19th Jun p4.

p82 Pump Room. Courier 11th Jun p7, 13th Aug p5.p82 Carthorse Procession. Courier 2nd July. Upper Grosvenor Rd Courier 11th Jun p3

July (p83)p84-87 Cricket Week. Details of the dispute between the two committees were taken from

documents held by the TW Cricket Club. For reports of the entertainments duringthe week (including the cricket) see any of the local newspapers for the middle toend of July.

p88 Agricultural Show. Similarly - see any of the local papers for middle to end of July.p89 Holidays in Switzerland. Courier 30th Jul p7, Advertiser 2nd Jul . Rev Usher ?p89-90 Fothergill. Courier 30th July, 10th Oct p7.p90-91 Frank McClean. www.earlyaviators.com is a good starting point with a biography,

obituary and links to articles about Sheppey. DNB for his father. www.ccmhs.co.ukfor his grandfather. The Times 12th Aug 1912 p6 and 13th Aug 1912 p4 for the flightup the Thames. Also: Sheppey as an ‘seroplane port’: Society 22nd May; proposedcompetition: Courier 24th Sep p7.

p92 ‘Disgusted’ Courier 19th Feb p4; AT Scott Courier 21st and 28th May; Tonbridgeallotments Courier 16th Jul p11, 6th Aug p2 Advertiser 6th Aug p12; Society 12thJun; Cemetery Courier 28th Aug p11; Col Warde Courier 21st May p8; Rev HalesCourier 14th May p2 (though see reports of a service at Vale Royal in Decemberwhere football is described as ‘a good and healthy sport’ which ‘made them manlyand taught them honesty of purpose’. Football should not keep a man from hishome, but from the public house. Gazette 16th Dec, Courier 17th Dec p2.

p93 Rangers. Semi-final TFP 9th Apr; final position Advertiser 23rd Apr and 7th May;auction Courier 18th Jun p9; AGM Courier 16th Jul p4, TFP 21st Jul; costsAdvertiser 6th Aug p12, continuing support Courier 6th Aug p4, 13th Aug p4;Cross Keys Courier 17th Sep p4.

p93 Imperial Maritime League. Courier 2nd July p2, 16th Jul p10.p94 Naval Display. Excursions from TW Courier 16th Jul pp3,6; Mayoress’ dress

supplied by Philpot & Son Courier 25th Jun p11; national press eg ILN 17th Jul.p94 Skating Rink Courier 2nd Jul pp6,7,11, 16th Jul pp7, 11p94 Childrens Act: General comment Advertiser 15th Mar , 12th Feb, TFP 2nd Apr, 9th

Apr. Sidney Wood Courier 6th Aug p2.

August (p95)p96-97 Hospitals. Hospital Sunday procession (and Hospital Saturdayslater in the year):

Courier 2nd Jul p2, 23rd Jul p7, 6th Aug p7, 10th Sep p8, 22nd Oct p8, 12th Nov p6,Advertiser 23rd Jul p12, 6th Aug. General Hosp AGM Courier 12th Mar p5,Homeopathic Hosp AGM Courier 26th Feb p7, Eye & Ear Hosp Courier 5th Mar

p7. Request for spare ‘letters’ Courier 12th Nov p7. Gifts Advertiser 2nd June.p98-100 Health. Measles, etc MOH report fro 1909 Table XXI; Scarlet fever, etc Table XX;

Tonbridge MOH TFP 5th Mar p5, Ticehurst MOH Courier 23rd Apr p7, UckfieldMOH Courier 6th Mar 1908; Germs - on slates (and towels) Courier 28th May p9,the statement about the Daily Mail comes from The Perfect Summer J Nicolsonp174 ; ads for Pink Pilss Courier 5th Feb p4, 4th Jun p8; Ad for old false teeth: TFP5th Feb (a report in the Courier of 4th June, p7 stated that 86% of ‘the poor’ havedental disease); ‘Lethal chamber’ Courier 26th Mar p2

p100 Census data collected from histpop.org. MOH report table XVI for occupations.p101 Early closing. Courier 9th July p8, 6th Aug p8; drapers scheme Courier 26th Dec

1900; boot and shoe retailers were also discussing the idea Courier 18th June.There was a proposal to extend the Shop Hours Act in 1909, to, for example, preventstaff working more than 60 hours a week, or after 8pm on more than 3 days (TheTimes 7th Aug p15). The Drapers Record opposed this: “this would entailconsiderable hardship ... To confine one’s shopping to any given three days maybe a matter of practical impossibility” 7th Aug p331. The Bill would have allowedresorts to opt out of early closing rules for four months. There is a reference in July1908 (Advertiser) to an approach from Blackpool Chamber of Trade for joint lobbyingon this issue.

p101 Seats. ‘Seats for Shop Assistants Act 1899’.p102-3 Living-in. Stats - abstracted from 1901 census. Complaints by union Advertiser

21st Feb 1908 p13; History of Mr Polly (1910) p25 et seq; Selfridge’s claim TheDrapers’Record Aug 1909 p497; Edmund Allen’s Society 20th Mar p6; Selfridge’sThe Times 16th Mar p13

p104 Police Hours. Advertiser and Courier 6th Aug.p104 Evening postal delivery. Letters pages of the Courier throughout August and

early September.p105 Visitors. HJ Wilmott’s view Society 19th Jun; Lewis Melville Society in Tunbridge

Wells (1911) p283; first visitor’s comment is from a postcard, the second is in a letterto the Advertiser 27th Aug p12; Welsh visitor’s letter Courier 22nd Oct p5.

p106 Jenkin lloyd. Advertiser 6th Aug p14, 13th Aug, 27th Aug p11, Courier 6th Aug p3,20th Aug p3, 29th Oct p3.

September (p107)p107 Cartoon Courier 20th Aug p9.p108 Budget. Sept meetings: Advertiser 27th Aug pp12,13, 3rd Sep Edit., 10th Sep; Courier

20th Aug p9, 10th Sep pp8,9. Tonbridge meeting Courier 17th Sept p2. Mayor’scomment Courier 17th Sep p7.

p109 Schools numbers from Kellys Directory. See also Courier 1st Jan (?) p5 forcalculations on school capacities. Boot fund numbers Advertiser 3rd Apr 1908

p110 Dorothy Nevill’s views were from My Own Times (1912) pp94-5,99,169p111 Harvey Dunn’s memories are recorded in Vol 37 of the Journal of the TW Family

History Society pp15-19; Wesley Smith’s stirring message to the girls of St PetersAdvertiser 25th Dec 1908; School treats: Courier 16th Jul p9, 30th Jul p11; HTAconference. Courier 14th May p6(or 8) ; Girls Own Paper - quoted in Advertiser25th Dec 1908 p7.

p112 Quote about Skinners from Kelly’s Directory 1909. Pupil numbers and fees takenfrom Second Triennial Report on Higher Education in the County of Kent KentEducation Committee (1910) in Tonbridge Ref Library. Skinners p76, County Schoolfor Girls p41, High School for Girls p78.

p112 County School for Girls. Details mainly taken from TW Girls Grammar School1905-1980 in TW Ref Library, but see also the memories of Mary Cockson-Jones(esp part 3) in the 2004 editions of the Friends of TW and Rusthall CommonsNewsletter (www.friendsof the commons.org.uk)

p113 Girls High School. Details taken from TW High School Jubilee Record 1883-1933in TW Ref Library.

p113 Passive resistance by non-conformists.Courier 19th Feb p2, Gazette 24th Mar p1,Advertiser 13th Aug p14.

p114 Trams - an abomination Advertiser 15th Jan p8.p114 Horse buses. AGM Courier 18th June, new buses Advertiser 12th Mar, enjoyable

trip Advertiser 26th Mar, omnibus etiquette Advertiser 16th Apr. For a generalhistory of buses in TW, both horse-drawn and motorised, see Buses and Bathchairs- but not a tram in sight JT King (1975) in TW Ref Library.

p115 Fraud case. Advertiser 2nd Jul p13, Courier 2nd Jul p3, 9th Jul p3p115 Motor buses. Advertiser 6th Aug, Courier 6th Aug p8, 4th Jun p8, 13th Aug p5,

27th Aug p7, 3rd Sep p7, 10th Sep p7. Reference to the earlier trial of motor busestaken from Transport in Kent 1900-1938 A Selection of Historic Postcards E.Baldock (1991)

p116 Maud Allen. Courier 13th Aug p7, 3rd Sep p7, 17th Sep p7; Society 12th Jun;Gazette 8th Sep. Ponsonby Recollections of Three Reigns p242.

p117 Kreisler Society 23rd Jan; the Cake-Walking Pony Society 30th Jan; ‘Passing’Courier 30th Jul p8, Society 31st Jul, Advertiser 6th Aug; Clara Butt Courier 5thNov p5; Paderewski Courier 26th Nov p7; circus Advertiser 3rd Sep p7, 10th Sep,Courier 27th Aug p7, 3rd Sep., but see also Butcher p27, and Cockson-Jones (seenote to p112)

p118 North Pole controversy. Courier 17th Sep p11, 15th Oct p7.p118 Stolen £5 notes. Courier 3rd Sep

October (p119)p120 Begging. Reports are generally on p3 of the Courier. JW Wilson Courier 15th Jan,

Thomas Payne Courier 22nd Jan, William Pope ?date?, Herbert Smith Advertiser9th Jul, Frank Ratclife Courier 29th Jan, Ann Kemsley Courier 16th April (notJune).

p120 Oddfellows. Courier 2nd April p2; Sick Benefit Society Courier 1st Jan p7

p121-5 Four main sources were used for the section on the workhouse:- www.workhouses.org.uk/tonbridge/ - general history and pictures- the Tonbridge Union archive at CKS (CKS-G/TO/), including: Minutes of theBoard of Guardians, the Master’s Day Book, Admissions and Discharges Book- The Passing of a Great Dread. The memoirs of Amelia Scott, long-serving Guardian.Draft version in the Womens Library at the London Metropolitan Univ (7 ASC/1/1/1/1). They are in the form of 8 letters. Five of these were published in the journalSocial Work in three issues in 1951 (7 ASC/1/1/1/2)- an MSC dissertation by V Coomber The Admission of the Elderley into theTonbridge Union Workhouse 1880-1930 (1996)Specific references:

p121 Estimated annual cost based on half-year figure to Michaelmass£25,898 (BofG)p122 Stats on out-relief Gazette 11th Novp123 New Charge Nurse: Social Work p606; nursery Social Work p566; birthday: The

Workhouse and the Weald D Hatcher (1988) p7.p124 Pembury school Social Work p567; dealing with the children BofG 30th Jun, 5th

Nov, 17th Nov, Courier 6th Aug p8; bathing of male patients BofG 5th Nov.p125 The casual ward Social Work p535; complaint about food Advertiser 30th Apr p10;

incident at Bromley Courier 24th Sep p9 (he was a suspect for the Luard murder).p125-6 Hops. There are references to the hop industry virtually throughout the year. Paget-

Hughes visit to Capel, Courier 15th Jan p8, Council’s crop Courier 8th Oct p8.p126 County Analyst reports. Courier 21st May p9, 13th August p7.p127 The Sanitary Inspector’s report is part of the MOH report. Advertiser 3rd Apr 1908

p14.Court case re disinfection Courier 22nd Jan p7.p127 Food. Advertiser 3rd Sept p7; History of Mr Polly pp9-10, he also had “three big

slices of greyish baker’s bread”; Wind in the Willows p168, on p5 there is thedescription of Rat’s picnic “cold chicken, cold tongue, cold ham, cold beef, pickledgherkin, salad, french rolls, cress sandwiches, potted meat, ginger beer, lemonade,soda water “, The Old Century p42

p128 Food. Advertiser 3rd Sept p7 (lamb’s brains), 6th Aug (macaroni); Frank Eling -typescript and oral history recording in TW Museum; milk and ice cream detailsfrom Butcher pp60,22; Sarah Grand ‘A New Sensation’ in Emotional Moments p55.

p129 Politics. Courier 22nd Oct p7, Advertiser 22nd Oct p9, Gazette 11th Nov, Courier24th Sep p7, 1st Oct p5

p129 Maharajah’s car. Courier 15th Oct p7. Empire families - see note to p6.p130 Kent at the Opening of the Twentieth Century T Bavington Jones (1904). Vol 10 of

Pikes New Century series.p130 Sproston. Advertiser 1st Oct p3

November (p131)p132-3 New Skating Rink. Advertiser 27th Aug p5, Gazette 4th Nov p5, 18th Nov Advertiser

3rd Nov p6, Courier 1st Oct p11, 29th Oct pp6,9,10, 5th Nov pp6-8, 12th Nov p8,

26th Nov p6, 3rd Dec p7.p133 Pump Room. Courier 12th Nov p7, 26th Nov pp6,7; general description of cinemas

from The Perfect Summer J Nicolson (2008) pp105/6p134 Hunting. Courier 12th Nov pp3,11, Gazette 21st Oct p1, Crowhurst Otterhounds

Courier 6th Aug p2, Hailsham Harriers Advertiser 1908 ND.p134 Cruelty to animals. Courier 16th Apr p5, 22nd Oct p3, 21st May p3. NB In June the

RSPCA offered to provide voluntary inspectors to visit slaughter houses and tointroduce humane killers rather than the pole-axe. The Health Committee refused.

p135 New mayor. Courier 10th Sep, 22nd Oct p7, 29th Oct p9, 12th Nov pp7,8, Advertiser29th Nov p9, Gazette 18th Nov.

p135 Education. Girls Courier 19th Nov p3. Boys (the Principal of the Technical Instexpressed concern at telegraph boys being discharged at 16 as the Post Officegave preference to ex-servicemen) Society 27th Feb 17, see also letter in Advertiser23rd April re boys being taught too much.

p136 Vaughan Gower. Society 6th Mar p4, house values from Valuation Office, Courier19th Nov p11, Advertiser 12th Nov p9, Courier 12th Nov p6. (possible cartoon ofVG Courier 17th Sep p9)

p137 Election Courier 19th Nov p7, 26th Nov p11p137 Shackleton Gazette 28th Oct, Courier 29th Oct p5, 12th Nov p7; Climbing boy

Courier 26th Oct p7; Club for Working Girls: Details in the Amelia Scott archive atthe London Metropolitan University 7/ASC/2/3/1.

p138 Education Committee. Courier 26th Nov p11?. Esquire Advertiser 12th Nov p9.

December (p139)p140 Woollan. Obit Courier 10th Dec p3, funeral 17th Dec p2, will 31st Dec p7, picture

5th Nov p3, Trafalgar Day 22nd Oct p7; quote Advertiser 10th Dec p2?. Seewww.bl.uk/onlinegallery/onlineex/histtexts/nelson/index.html for a display of theNelson memorandum, and archive.org/details/nelsonmemorandum00nels for thepamphlet by J. Newns.

p141 The Ideal Man. Advice was given in a series of articles in the Advertiser from 26thMar to 28th May.

p143 Skating. Courier 17th Dec p3, 3rd Dec p2, 24th Dec pp3,6, 31st Dec p4.p144 Christmas post. Advertiser 31st Dec pp6,7. See also Courier 24th Dec p11.p145 Jenkin Lloyd. Courier 24th Dec p11, Advertiser 31st Dec p7p144 Adj Brogdale Courier 3rd Dec p11. Brogdale’s appointment (‘a speaker in the John

Knox style’) Advertiser 26th Nov p6.p144 Unemployment. TWBC Unempl.Comm. 29th Sep, Courier 8th Oct p8, 2nd Dec p7,

Advertiser 3rd Dec , Courier 10thh Dec p7, 17th Dec p7, Advertiser 24th Dec p9.

West Ward (I) (p145)p146 Burgess numbers and rateable values taken from A Peep into the Past RHM

Clements (1939?) in TW Ref Library.p147 Railway timetables were provided in the Gazette.p147 New station-master. Society 16th Jan p8. A Room with a View p83.p147 Nevill Terrace The Origins of Warwick Park J. Cunningham (2007) p47n21; Linden

Park quote in The Residential Parks of Tunbridge Wells J. Cunningham (2004) p64p148 Where New and Old Meet Rev JH Townsend (?1910) - Slatin Pasha and Reginald

Wingate p28, electric light and Electrophone p22. Contemporary accounts of theElectrophone are available on the web, eg ‘The Pleasure Telephone’ by A. Mee inThe Strand Magazine Sept 1898 pp339-345

p148 Frant Road. Courier 7th and 21st May, 18th June.p150 See references to Pump Room liquidation p82.p150-1 Pantiles. Advertiser 2nd Apr editorial;Baird and urinals see ‘Down in the Vaults 4’

C Clissold-Jones in RTWCS Newsletter Autumn 2006 pp15-17; Baird and electriclights Advertiser 5th Feb p10; Dust’s Courier 26th Feb p7; good description ofPantiles in Butcher, esp chap 3; application to call it the ‘Royal’ Sussex HotelHO144/164/A42244; Prostitution Courier 18th June p3, 26th Nov p2, 17th Dec p4.

p152 1909 Kellys Directory.p154 For Fairlawn House, Murray House, John Brown, etc see A History of Mount Sion

R Farthing (2003) ; Charity Courier 5th Mar p9.

West Ward (II) (p155)p156 Grand Hotel - see Vera Coomber article reWilliam Barnsley Hughes in RTWCS

Newsletter Spring 1994 pp11-13; details of staff in 1901 from the census of thatyear. Society 26th Dec 1908 p3.

p159 TW and Counties Club. Courier 20th Aug p5, Society 23rd Jan p6 (with pics),Courier 17th Dec p7, Advertiser 18th Feb 1910 p12.

p160 Society 2nd Jan, Cobb Still Life p10, Advertiser 16th Apr edit, Society 19th Dec1908 p4

p161 Wellington Hotel Courier 28th May p11; Rachel Beer - there is a recent biography,including her years in TW: First Lady of Fleet Street, E Negev and Y Koren (2011);the references to her in 1909 were in the Statement of Accounts for the 1909 TWCricket Week (held by TW Cricket Club) and the 1909-1910 subscription list of theLeisure Hours Club in the Amelia Scott archive 7/ASC/2/3/1 (see note to p137);Boyne Park: see ‘Bishop’s Down Park, Molyneux Park and Boyne Park’ G and BCopus in The Residential Parks of Tunbridge Wells, ed J Cunningham (2004) pp33-43

p162 Common. Courier 4th June p9; carpet-beating Butcher p35; fair Courier 4th June,Butcher pp37-38. See also Cockson-Jones (see note to p112)

p162 Suffragettes. Advertiser 9th Jul, Courier 9th Jul p9.p163 Arthur Slydel Advertiser 30th Apr p13, Watch Committee 13th May; complaints

about Socialists causing’absolute pandemonium’ on Sunday evenings AdvertiserJune 1908; Shelters Courier 26th Mar p9, 6th Aug p6, 30th Jul p6

p164 Courier 27th Aug p7, 3rd Sep p7; 19th Nov p11; 30th Jul p7.

South Ward (p165)p166 Description based on 1907 OS map and 1909 Kellys directory.p167 Death in Cambridge St Courier 22nd Oct p3. ( In 2006 an Australian called Malcom

Skewis sought information about Rosemary Skewis born in TW in 1908. She waspart of the same family, but unfortunately I was unable to contact him.)

p168 Wickham’s The Drapers’ Record 17th Sep p779.p169 ‘Mausoleum’ in ‘The ‘Royal’ Road to Pleasure - a Whitsun Holiday Jaunt’ Advertiser

4th June; The Drapers’ Record 17th Sep p780; Judge Emden threatens to movecourt to Tonbridge Advertier ? Apr 1908, Society 8th May, Courier 8th Oct p8,Watch Comm. 14th Oct.

p170 Details from the Valuation Office survey of c1912, and the 1901 census. The willquoted was of Rose, not Mary, Pratley, and is recorded on www.pratley.info.

p174 Ion Perdicaris Society 27th Feb p6 (see also Courier 5th Jul 1907 p11); Co-op:Courier 20th Aug p5, Advertiser 15th Oct p5.

North Ward (p175)p177 Great Culverden Society 13th Feb p4p178 Kelsey’s Brewery Society 16th Jan p10p179 St Johns Laundry Society 6th Marp179 Limbury-Buses. Still Life R Cobb (1984) Chap 11.p180-1 Albion Square. Advertiser 10th Nov 1911.p182 Possible barracks Advertiser 13th Mar 1908. New store Advertiser 15th Oct p10;

Fry’s Advertiser 3rd Spe p13;theft of eggs Courier 16th Apr p3.p183 St Lukes Courier 7th May p6

East Ward (p185)p186 Cobb Still Life pxv; Ragged Trousered Philanthropists p20, Jobs for Conservative

supporters Courier 22nd Jan p7p187 Jim Richards: for the 1908 election see TWBC press cuttings for July 1908; see also

‘A preacher with a Camera’ by K Hetherington Bygone Kent ?year? pp250-257;Julian Taylor :Advertiser 5th Mar, 11th Jun, ? Apr 1908 (letter to Paget Hedges);Rev Potter Gazette poss 21st/28th Oct; Henry Berwick Advertiser 5th Nov p7, 12thNov p11, Courier 5th Nov pp7,8.

p188 Gospel Hall Courier 4th Jun; electricity works Courier 12th Nov p5.p189 Courier 19th Feb p2; 4th Jun p3; Advertiser 31st Dec p5; Cost of carrying coal:

WaterWorks Committee 25th May.p190 Details of the mortuary from a typescript document by F Warriner (2007) ; Cobb

Still Life p1; Chief Constable Courier 8th Jan p2p191 Details of CM Doughty taken mainly from ‘God’s Fugitive - the life of C.M. Doughty

A Taylor (1999). Sassoon thought that Dawn in Britain had “passages ofenchantingly archaic beauty and poetic freshness” The Weald of Youth p19-21.

p192 Details of houses in Ferndale from Valuation Office; application to call it the ‘Royal’Ashdown Forest and Tunbridge Wells Golf Club HO 144/351/B14654

Conclusion (p193)p193 Cobb - even historians have this idea that life was much gentler a few years earlier.

Ponsonby, writing mainly of the Edwardian period, moves the golden age back ageneration, speaking of “that serene unhurried existance which was such a featureof Victorian England” Recollections of Three Reigns p67; Advertiser 31st Dec, 3rdDec p9; Gazette 24th Dec; LB&SCR stats Advertiser 15th Oct p9.

p194 The Times 20th Nov 1914 p11; The King Edward potato was first raised by a gardenerin Northumberland in about 1902. He called it “Fellside Hero”. It passed through anumber of hands before being sold commercially for the first time in 1910 under thename “King Edward”. The History and Social Influence of the Potato RN Salaman(1949, re-issue 1985) pp169-179

Appendix Bp195 Minute dated 11th Feb HO 144/19776.p196 Mayor’s petition 10th Feb HO 144/19776; details of actual royal visitors: Royal

Visitors to Tunbridge Wells D Foreman (1993); Lady Dorothy Nevill’s reference tothe flowers Under Five Reigns p241; Victoria’s diary 1st Sep 1835. The journals arenow online at: www.queenvictoriasjournals.org.uk

Sourcesp197 Where New and Old Meet - not Where Old and New Meet - a brief record of the

Church and Parish of Broadwater Downp198 Nicholson... should this read Nicolson J, The Perfect Summer: England 1911, Just

Before the Storm (2008)?