Tu hoc lap trinh PHP voi MySQLphp01

8/14/2019 Tu hoc lap trinh PHP voi MySQLphp01

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LAP TRNH WEBNG VI

PHP / MySQL GUESTBOOK CATALOG

FORUM SHOPPING CART

PHAN 1

Tong Phc Khai (tong hp& bien d


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Gii thieuChung ta hay thc hien mot chuyen i than thoai, trong chkham pha ngoai hnh cung nh noi tai cua MySQL va PHP mmot cuoc hanh trnh ay nhng thu v va bat ng.Okie, co le toi co ve hi lac quan phai khong cac ban. Nevi toi tren mot phng dien nao o, trong cuoc hanh trnh moi khi gap phai nhng s nham chan. Hay oi mat strnh ng dung khong phai luc nao cung de nuot au. Trnao th chac chan cac ban se phai co nhng giay phut na

co loi cu phap hoac oi khi la nhng oan ma khong cNhng ngoai nhng viec o ra, toi ngh la co mot ly do ten vi chung toi ay. Lap trnh Web ang la mot cuoccung nh tng lai. Bat ke ban co kien thc c s lap trnhnao nh Visual Basic, Cobol, hay ban ch biet ve HTML va Jban van co c hoi e nam bat cac kinh nghiem mi meToi ngh la khong co s ket hp nao tot hn gia PHP va


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dung ngon ng nay cang gia tang, PHP va MySQL a tnhng oi hoi lng ngi biet cac cong cu lap trnh nayna toi se noi ro cho ban biet tai sao lai phai s dung Phet toi muon ban hay khao sat qua kien truc s bo cua

nam bat c ieu nay th toi mi co the tiep tuc trnh baMySQL la trung tam cua moi trng phat trien ng dung W

Trc khi tiep tuc, toi ngh rang ban a oc nhng g toi a gii thieu va hiethoi!

Kien truc c banKien truc can ban nhat e trang Dynamic Web hoat ong tren mo hnh client/server. Nom na la moi thclienthayservereu amchc nang rieng e hoan thanh cong viec chung o la cCac ban co le a quen thuoc vi chng trnh WinWord e

hoat ong oc lap tren bat ky may tnh nao chang can qucai g la server. ng dung Web th khac han, phai co mo


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mot may tnh lam server thoi, nham tap trung hoa viec xcon c hieu nom na lamay tnh cua ngi s dungphai c noi magia s cac may nay truy cap vao mot Website chang han,vao server, sau o lay d lieu t server ve the hien len m

the co hang tram ngi (client) truy cap vao cung mot Wtren server, tng t nh mot am tre xum nhau gianh phan

Client (ngi Viet tam oc la klai-n)Cac ng dung ma ban phat trien tren nen MySQL va PH

client o la trnh duyet Web. Tuy nhien, khong phai ay chphat trien ng dung Web. oi vi nhng ng dung phc tcan cac tnh nang bao tr (chung ta se ban tnh nang naapplet se hu dung cho viec nay. Ch tr trng hp ban gian thc nh ng dung chat chang han, th ban Java Applet chung ta khong ban ti lap ng dung cho chuyen tan gadung duyet Web nen khong ung cham g ti Java Applet ca.


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Nh ban a biet ngon ng khi thuy cho viec duyet Web lhang ta nhng the lenh (Tag) cho phep the hien trang Web tnhau. Neu ban cha co kien thc c s ve HTML th co thmot quyen sach hoac download tren internet xuong cac b

khong nen bo ra qua nhieu thi gian e hoc ve HTML. Nduyet Web con cho phep cac add-in ho tr nhieu th khaShockwave, hoac ho tr ve Javascript hoac XML. Nhng atren nhng g can thiet cho s hoi nhap cua ban o la H

Server (ngi Viet tam oc la s-v)Hau het cac ng dng Web eu hoat ong tap trung tren trng goi la Web Server se am trach viec giao tiep vi caclieu (CSDL) tren Server se lu tr tat ca nhng thong tin viec cua ng dung Web. Ke tiep, ban can phai co mot ng"lien lac"giaWeb Serverva CSDLtren server. Ngon ng nay cucong viec x ly thong tin en va i t Web Server.


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MIDDLE WARE(PHP, ASP, JSP)

DATABASESERVER(MySQL,

SQLserver..)

WEBSERVER

(Apache, IIS)

INTERNET

WEB BROWSER(Internet Explorer, Netscape)

Va d nhien la cac th nay se chang hoat ong c neu

ieu Hanh (HH). Cac th nh Web Server, Ngon ng laong tot tren mot HH nao o.


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He ieu hanh Co rat nhieu chung loai HH. Windows 98/XP va Linux co moi ngi. Co trng hp ban lam viec tren HH ma t tng thch s dung no ma thoi. Hay gac qua nhng y tmuon i tren con ng thiet ke web. Hay trang b cho mWinNT /2000 /2003 va Unix i. Viec lam nay se rat co chngi nen i hoc mot khoa ve AS/400.Ban se s dung loai nao trong cac th noi tren ay? Okieroi ay. Cau tra li ay la tuy thuoc ban la "tn o" ccha ro rang ve ieu nay, hay e toi noi cho ban nghe HH".Neu ban cha hieu c toi ang noi g, th ay la cac kMySQL thuoc nhom phan mem ng dung co ten goi laopen source(nguon nay co ngha la ngi dung se xem c ma nguon c

PHP/MySQL. Chung tan dung c mo hnh phat trien da ngi nao cam thay thch no eu co the gop phan va


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Trong trng hp cua PHP, cac lap trnh vien tren toan thphat trien ngon ng va khong trong ch mot khoan lingi tham gia cong viec eu co niem am me viec tao ratot, ho se cam thay thch thu khi thay ngi khac s dun

va ban chang han.Phng phap nguon m nay ban au ch con la nhng vove sau a tr thanh ay tiem lc khi co s ra i va trm Linux. Hau nh cac nguon m eu mien ph, ban co tdung chung ma khong can phai i s cho phep hay phaPhng thc nay th Microsoft, Oracle hay mot so cac conkhong the ap ng c.Neu ban khong phai la tn o cua phai nguon m, th habeo b: NT/2000/2003. Neu cong ty cua ban a s dungnhieu nam roi th moi viec se tr nen de dang neu ban mtrng nay. Neu ban la thanh vien cua nhom lap trnh Vi

bo vi NT/2000/2003. Ngay ca trong trng hp nay, khong


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ban trong cong viec phat trien vi cong cu PHP va MySnghiemPHP/MySQLtren nen HHWindows 95, 98, XP.

Web Server

Chc nang cua Web Server co ve khong phc tap may. Nnen cua HH, lang nghe cac yeu cau ai o tren Web giyeu cau nay, va cap phat nhng trang Web thch ng. Thgian nh vay, bi v nhiem vu cua Web Server la phai cungtrng Web cho nen oi hoi nay phai c ap ng mot cCo nhieu loai Web Server khac nhau, nhng chu yeu tren tdung Apache va IIS (Internet Information Server cua Microsoft).

INTERNET INFORMATION SERVER (IIS) c gan lien vi va no la thanh phan khong the thieu cua Active Server Pcon ng cua Microsoft th co le ban a hieu ro ve IIS.

Co mot s tch hp nhat nh gia mot ngon ng lap trnvay, PHP4 c tch hp rat toi oi vi IIS. Trc ay, co


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ve tnh on nh cua PHP/IIS vi viec truyen tai ln, nhngcai thien lien tuc nen viec nay khong con ang phai ban

APACHE la mot kieu mau Web Server rat pho bien. Giong n

no la mot d an nguon m. Khong co g ngac nhien khi ntrrat tot tren moi trng Unix, nhng chkha tot trong Windows.Apache tan dung c tnh nang cua third-party. Bi v ay laco kha nang eu co the viet chng trnh m rong tnh nong vi t cach la mot phan m rong cua Apache, va ngApache.Apache co tnh on nh va toc o ang phai noi. Tuy nhienan ve no la khong ho tr cong cu o hoa trc quan, iviec mot cach de dang hn. Ban phai thc hien cac thaycach s dung dong lenh, hoac s cac tap tin text trong foNeu lan au en vi Apache th ban se gap mot chut la laMac du Apache ch lam viec tot tren Unix, nhng cung cotren he Windows. Khong mot ai, ke ca cac nha phat tr


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Apache nen c chay tren mot server Windows ban ron. NeHH Windows cho server th ban nen s dung IIS. Neu ban tren Windows va sau o em upload va chay tren Unix/Apachth cung khong he han g, ng dung cua ban van chay ngon

MiddlewarePHP thuoc lp ngon ng lap trnh goi la middleware. Caccan ke vi Web Server e thong dch cac yeu cau t trenhan cac tra li t Web Server chuyen tai en trnh duyeyeu cau o.Middleware la ni ma ban se thc hien cac khoi lng racua ban. Vi ho tr nay Web Server cua ban se khong phalng cong viec. Nhng khi ban phat trien ng dung cua bgian viet ma chng trnh e cho chng trnh cua ban co thePHP ra co mot so ngon ng khac co chc nang t

ColdFusion.


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He CSDL quan heRelational Database Management Systems (He Quan tr C SRDBMSs) cung cap phng thc tuyet vi e lu tr va truyva phc tap. No a ra i kha lau. Thc te, no co tr

cho nen khong co g ngac nhien khi co qua nhieu he CSDCSDL nay e da tren c s SQL (Structure Query Language).Mot so he pho bien nh Oracle, Sysbase, Informix, Ms SQL ServHe nguon m thong dung hien nay laMySQLma quyen sach nay era con co hai he nguon m khac laPostgresSQLa mot thi thay thInterbase la bo nguon m cua Borland gii thieu vao thang

Tai sao s dung PHP va MySQLTai sao co qua nhieu chon la nh vay ma chung ta lai phaPHP/MySQL ma thoi? Toi se giai thch ieu nay phan sa


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Noi ve PHPCac ngon ng lap trnh xem ra giong nh cac loai giay depmot so ngi nay, nhng lai kho a vi ngi khac va nthch s dung mot hieu giay nao o a quen thuoc va ngonh vay. ay toi muon ngu y vi cac ban la khi lap trnh Webcho ket qua gan giong nhau. Cau hoi ngon ng nao tot nkhong co kha nang thc hien mot so chc nang nao oban thc hien cong viec mot cach nhanh chong va nho

Toc o nhanh, de s dungChung ta hay ban ve toc o. Co 3 th ma toi chac changia cac ngon ng lap trnh Web. Th nhat, ng dung vieTh hai, cong viec lap trnh C kha la phc tap, va se ngoba, viec so sanh gia cac ngon ng la mot ieu kho khatoi cam thay yen tam khi noi rang PHP cung nhanh nh ca


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du so sanh vi cac loai giay dep: Vina, ong Hai, Kien Hchan chan ban se chon loai tien dung nhat? Neu ban gionrang PHP co ay u cac ac tnh nh kha nang, cau truc vay ch la cach nhn rieng cua toi th toi tin rang cu phap

Va theo toi th viec go lenh PHP nhanh hn ColdFusion va Perl. Tom lai, toi cho rang PHP cung cap cac tnh nang madung Web mot cach nhanh chong.

Chay tren nhieu he ieu hanhNh a trnh bay phan kien truc web, toi co noi lWindowsNT/2000/2003 va Unix vi s ho tr cua IIS va Apco the chay tren mot so cac platform khac nh Netscape, khac. Nh chung ta biet ASP co the chay tren Unix, ColdFSolaris va Linux, JSP co the chay tren kha nhieu loai platfothe chay tot tren nhng platform ho tr cac chung loai tren


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Truy cap bat ky loai CSDL naong dung cua ban d nh se truy cap nhng loai d liemail server, DB2, hay XML parser hay WDDX.Bat ke ban can en th g th PHP cung san sang ho tr dng san no se lam cong viec cua ban tr nen rat de daco mot so th cha c xay dng san th sao? Ta tiep tuc s

Luon c cai tien & cap nhatNeu nh ban cam thay b ng oi vi viec phat trien nnhien oi vi chat lng cua loai phan mem nay. Co hantrnh xuat sac i san va ho san sang bo thi gian ra evi va hau nh mien ph. oi vi ngon ng thnh hanh nnhieu cac nha lap trnh ang thc hien phat trien no hang


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S that co mot viec rat an tng la neu nh ban co motemail en mot nha phat trien PHP cac chi tiet s co o. Cnhan c s tra li thoa ang.Khi PHP4 c pho bien, no a tr thanh mot hien tng

giup cho viec bo sung so lng ln cac ham chc nang ngon ng a co san nhieu ham ac thu cho cong viec thviec lap trnh cua mnh.

c hng dan ky thuat bat c luc naoHau het cac ngon ng eu ho tr active mailing list (hieu nhng thanh vien trc chien ho tr ky thuat) va cac devtr giai quyet ky thuat). PHP cung khong ngoai le. Neunhng loi trong chng trnh va khong tm ra cach khac phuco ten trong danh sach mail luon san long kiem tra va khacBo nguon m PHP that s a tao ra mot tnh cam cua ca

kho khan oi vi no th luc nao cung co nhng ong mban khac phuc nham em lai niem vui cho ban.


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Noi ve MySQLMac du MySQL c pho bien rat nhieu nhng no van coang canh tranh vi no. Nhng oi thu cua no co the trothu nao o.Trong phan tren, chung ta a ban s qua MySQL. Trong phave nhng ac iem cua nhng He quan tr CSDL khac maVi nhng han che o a lam cho MySQL khong c chmoi trng. Neu ban ang co ke hoach bat au cho mot nkhuyen ban la MySQL khong thch hp cho ban.

Nhng oi vi phan ong moi ngi va phan ln cac la cua ho bi no rat thch hp cho nhng ng dung Web.

Va tui tienHay ngh ban can cai at Oracle. Hay chuan b hau bao cu100.000 USD hoac tham ch con hn the na. ieu hien nhi


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Cai tien lien tucMySQL c cai thien lien tuc vi mot tan so khong ngno thng xuyen, ngoai ra con bo sung cac tnh nang rat ani.

Hien tai, MySQL a c bo sung them ho tr transactionthc thu tr thanh mot He Quan tr CSDL chuyen nghiep.

Good!


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Thc hanh ng dung au tienPhan m au nh vay la tam u. Bay gi chung ta hayng dung th nghiem e biet c cach thc hoat ongnao. Co le oc qua phan gii thieu ban cung a co mothoat ong cua chung.

Cong cu can thietCo mot so thanh phan can thiet ma ban phai co trc hay va ban se biet mnh can en nhng g.

PHP Webserveray la ng dung chay tren Web, cho nen ban ieu hien nhiWeb Server. Ban s dung Apache, ban cai len Winserver200thong dung cua ban. Co mot so phien ban Apache co sa


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Neu cha co ban phai cai at them PHP. Con na, ban phbaApache, PHP va MySQLluon ong hanh vi nhau.Ban xem them phan cai Apache server tren cac CD thc hanDien an Tin hoc . Sau khi cai at xong ban khi ong Apac

vaohttp://localhosttrang web thong tin cua Apache hien th th cLu y:Ban can phai xac nh th muc goc cua localhost e.ban sau nay (xem trong hng dan cai at Apache).

Text Editore soan thao cac dong lenh PHP ban can co mot chng tthoi, nh Notepad trong Windows chang han.Co mot so chng trnh soan thao ho tr PHP, cac dong nhieu mau khac nhau nham lam cho viec lap trnh cua banvao cac website cua Allairre (www.allaire.com) hoac Editplus Hien nay, chng trnh Dreamweaver MX cua Macromedia cung

lenh PHP rat tot.
http://localhost/http://localhost/


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BAT AU LAM

Toi ngh la toi a khi au quyen sach vi nhng m lyta hay bat tay vao thc i thoi. Nh ban a biet khi truy capban se c yeu cau hay chnh ban muon ghi lai y kien cunhan dang ve mnh nh ho ten, a ch website, email v.v. Tatc lu tr vao mot CSDL tren Web. Nh vay, ngi q

ngi truy cap khac se biet thong tin ca nhan cung nhgoi thong tin nay la GuestBook (hieu nom na la So vangchep). Bay gi chung ta bat tay vao viec tao mot GuestBoo

b


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Tao mot Database(quan trong!)Bay gi ban can biet phai lam g roi. Chuyen au tien lathong tin cua khach. e lam c ieu nay ban can pha

(thc te ban co the lam vi vai ong tac nhap chuot vatap lam quen vi SQL v no se hu dung ve sau). Ban se

cac chng sau. Do o ban ng lo lang khi cha hieu g ve n

B i b h khi M SQL N b i


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Bay gi ban hay khi ong MySQL. Neu ban a cai ano se co bieu tng e khi ong hoac no se c Windows len. oi vi MySQLAdmin version 1.1 cho phep bandien: Windows va Dos. oi vi giao dien Widows th bieu ten giao thong) nam SystemTray, ban ch viec click chuShow me. Ca so lam viec cua MySQL hien len, tuy nhien phep ban thc hien mot so thao tac co han oi vi CSDatabase mi trong MySQL theo giao dien Windows.Tuy nhien, toi khuyen cac ban nen dung tien chPhpMyAdmin, chng trtrcac thao tac oi vi CSDLtrong MySQL vi giao dien de s duTrong phan nay toi hng dan them ban thc hien thao tadiendong lenh MSDOSbi v cac giao dien khac toi ngh t bBat man hnh dong lenh DOS len, chuyen sang th muc catinmysql.exe(/mysql/bin) va go vaomysql. Tai dau nhau nhac lenh hay go lenh e tao ra mot databas

m sql>


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mysql> create database guestbook;Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)mysql> Bay gi trong CSDL guestbook ban can phai co table cha thay dung lenhcreate tablet dau nhac lenh:mysql>use guestbookDatabase changedmysql>create table guestbook-> (-> name varchar(40) null,-> location varchar(40) null,-> email varchar(40) null,-> url varchar(40) null,

-> comments text null-> )-> ;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql> Ban a co mot CSDL ten laguestbookva mot table trong CSDL guestbook. Bay gi a en luc chung ta viet mot ng dunthao tac: xem, chen, sa, xoa cac thong tin trong CSDLguestbook.


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Trang ket qua se hien th cac li chao tuy thuoc vao gi


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Trang ket qua se hien th cac li chao tuy thuoc vao giham date cua PHP e lay ra c gi giac hien tai. Gia tr$var. Ke en la cac chon la c s dung e a ra li chCac ban hay e y mot chut, cac lenh cua PHP eu (;). Trong phat bieu IF chung ta thay dau ngoac nhon{ }cha cac lenh thanh tuy thuoc vao ieu kien. Cac ieu kien th c baHam date() va lenh echo ch la 2 trong hang tram cac hamcac ban se c hoc mot so can thiet cua chung trong chay tm hieu them mot so lenh ve CSDL.

Lenh PHP e ket noi Database(quan trong)Bi v PHP va MySQL hien tai tren may cua ban van conhau. Do o, muon dung PHP e lam viec c vi CSDL blien ket gia hai chien hu nay.V co the co rat nhieu database trong MySQL, do o ban candung database nao trong MySQL. Chung ta hay thc hien nh


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Dong au tien thc hien viec ket noi vi Database Serlocalhost, co username lakhai, password lakkk.Neu ket noi thanh cong, no se thc hien bc ke tiep trong o laguestbookbang lenhmysql_select_db()Cac ban nen lu y la cac lenh tren ban s dung thng cua ban, do o toi khuyen ban nen lu no vao mot tap tinsau nay can th ch viec dung lenhinclude(dbconnect.php);


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Toi xin lu y vi cac ban la lap trnh Web khong giong nh


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Toi xin lu y vi cac ban la lap trnh Web khong giong nhcho no khong trang thai tnh. e the hien mot trang, nhan mot thnh cau t trnh duyet. Giao thc s dung cuTransfer Protocol. Cac yeu cau se bao gom: trang web ma trdata, loai trnh duyet ang c s dung, a ch IP ma trnh thong tin nay ma Web Server se quyet nh phuc vu nhng gyeu cau trang web, no se duy tr s ket noi vi trnh duyebiet cach thc e chuyen cac bien t trang nay sang trang tac nay trong ng dung tiep theo. ng dung cua chung tatheo 1 trong 3 cach thc:chuyen giao theo phan t form an, s dung co

session.Bay gi tr lai script sau:

Ban co the quyet nh cho hien th tren site nhng g da


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Ban co the quyet nh cho hien th tren site nhng g daform HTML. Thong thng, ban co the kiem tra neu form bang cach kiem tra bien $submit co cha gia tr "submit" haHay bat tay vao cong viec i thoi. Trang au tien trong ngsco cha mot form HTML. Action cua no lacreate_entry.php. Sau ay la clenh:Sign my Guest Book!!!Name:

Location:
Email:
Home Page URL:

Comments:


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Khi ban ien ay u thong tin trong form, th cac thong tcreate_entry.php. Chuyen au tien phai lam tren trang nay lac submit cha. Neu roi, nhan lay gia tr a nhap vao tre tao mot query ong thi gi en MySQL. Ban ng lo lSQL, ieu trc tien la ch can biet la no se thc hien vguestbook. Tap tincreate_entry.phpnh sau:


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Trong lan au tiencreate entry.php c goi, formsign.php se c hien


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Trong lan au tiencreate_entry.php c goi, formsign.php se c hiend lieu se c cap nhat vao CSDL.Hnh sau minh hoa cac form c hien th:

sign.php


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create_entry.php


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view.php

Chng trnh nay upload len internet


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Chng trnh nay upload len internet Bay gi th ng dung au tien cua ban a hoan tat. Netao len tren Server e th nghiem th cung c thoi. Nhmot site guestbook ung ngha th cha c au! Ban con ca

d lieu ban khong b hacker quay pha.(Con tiep)Lu y:Ban co the tm thay cac CD thiet ke web PHP tai cac ca hangchang han). Tren CD co trnh cai at Apache, PHP, MySQL thoncon co cac Website PHP mau.

CAC LENH BAI HOC TREN TOT NHAT BAN N

[email protected]

- Kien thc la kho bau khong phai cua rieng ai. V vay ban ng ngan ngai khi chia se
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]

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Tu hoc lap trinh PHP voi MySQLphp01