VIET_ANHB1Ban canh diBottom flange2Ban canh trenTop flange3Ban canh ( mat cat I ,J hop )Flange ( I , J box section )4Ban co khoet loVoided slab , hollow slab5Ban cua mau neoAnchor plate6Ban mat cauDeck slab , deck plate7Ban mat cau uc be tong tai choCast-in-site concrete slab8Ban ghi chep tnh toanCalculation note9Ban sanFloor slab10Ban nap hopTop slab of box11Ban knh trong cua oan ng congInside radius of curvature12Bao dng , duy tuMaintenance13Bao ve cot thep chong gProtection of reinforcement against corrison14Bang gang uc... of cast iron15Bang thep can... of laminated steel , rolled steel16Bat liUnfavourable17Ban knh tac dung cua am duiReach ( of vitrator )18Be tong cot thep d ng lc trongInternal prestressed concrete19Be tong cot thep d ng lc ngoaiExternal prestressed concrete20Be tongConcrete21Be tong co trong lmg thong thngNormal weight concrete22Be tong nheLight-weight concrete23Be tong nhe co catSand light weight concrete24Be tong cot thep thngPlain reinforced concrete25Be tong cot thep d ng lcPrestressed concrete26Be tong thuy congHydraulic concrete27Be tong ngheoLean concrete ( low grade concrete )28Be tong phunGunned sprayed concrete29Be mat tiep xucContact surface30Be mat ngoaiExtenor face31Be mat van khuonForm exterior face32Bien dang cua neo khi DUL truyen tAnchorage seating33kch vao mau neo34Bien dang cua cac th tren mat catStrain of the fibre on the section35Bien dang co ngat tng oiUnit shortening36Bien dang dan dai tng oiUnit kengthening37Bien dang qua mcExcessive deformation38Bo tr cac iem cat t cot thep doc cua damArrangement of longitudinal reinforcement cut-cut39Bieu o bien dang tuyen tnhLinear deformation diagram40Bien dang do t bienDeformation due to creep41Bien dang theo thi gianTime-dependent deformation42Bien dang do co ngotShankage deformation43Be tong khong cot thepUnreinforce concrete , plain concrete44Boc lp be tong bao hoRemoval of the concrete cover45Ban qua oTransition slab46Be mongFooting47Ban co snRibbel slab48Ban co nhieu snMulti-rib slab49Bien dang do uonDeformation due to bending50Bien dang do lc catDeformation due to shear51Ban ch nhat goi gian n tren 4 canh len cac damRectangular slab simpliy supported along all four side by beams52Bo tr cot thepInstallation of reinforceceent53Ban co nhp theo mot hng (ban 2 canh)One-way spanding slab (slab supported on two sides)54Ban co nhp theo 2 hng (ban 4 canh)Two-way spanding slab (slab supported on four sides)55Ban phangFlat slab56Bien dang tc thiImmediate deflection57Bien dang vong lenCamber58Be tong uc tai choCast-in-place concrete59Be mat chuen tiepTransitional surface60Be tong uc sanPrecast concrete61Be tong bao ho ( benngoai cot thep )Concrete cover (Concrete protective layer)62Ban ve thi congContruction drawing , working drawing63Bien dang daiLong-term deformation64Bien oi theo thi gian cuaVariation in accordance with the times ...65Bieu o tac dung tng ho momen lc docMoment-Axial force interaction diagram66Bieu dien o th cua ,,,Graphical representation67Bat li nhatThe most unfavourable , worst effect68Bang dnhJoin tape69Bo thiet bSet70Bo noi cac oan cap d ng lc keo sauCoupler divice for post-ensioned cable71Ban mat cau trc hungOrthotropic deck72Be tong hoa cng nhanhEarly streng concrete73Be tong ti ( mi tron xong )Fresh concrete74Be tong co qua nhieu cot thepOver-reinforcement concrete75Be tong soiGravel concrete76Be tong nangHeavy-weight concrete77Be tong catSand concrete78Bao dng be tong trong luc hoa cngCuring79Bo phan lam lech hngDeviator80Ban ve phoi canhPerspective drawing81Bu long hnh ch UU form bolt82Bu longBolt83Boc xep hangTo handle84BmHammer85Bua Bua hi nc n ongSingle-acting stream hammer86Bot mau ( e pha sn )Pigmen87Ban noi op ( ban ma )Cover plate88Be phan phoi lcBed plate89Bm ( may bm )Pump90Bm hutAspiring pump , extraction pump91Bmly tamCenterifugal pump , impeller pump92Bm chm ( ngam trong nc )Submerged pump93Be tong mac thapLow-grade concrete94Ban thep phuCover steel plate95( phan ban canh dam thep )( at flanged part of steel girder )96Be tong xi mang PooclanPortland-cement concrete97Bo tr chung cauGeneral location of a bridge, General view of a bridge98Ban knh cong ( ban knh oan ng cong )Radius of curve99Bu long neoAnchor bolt100Ban at cot thep 2 hngSalb reinfoced in both direction101Bao ve chong xoiProtection against scour102Ban noi phuSplice plate , slab103Bt ayCap104Be tong bt ay ( cua coc , cua gieng ...)Cap105Bao ve chong mai monProtection against abrasion106Be tong cng o caoHight strength concrete107Be e keo cang coyt hep d ng lcPrestressing bed108Be tong a b tach lp ( b boc lp )Segregated concrete109Bo xung , them vaoAdditional110Bt kn . lap knSealing111Bm nc dung tayHand-act water pump112Bm dau dung tayHad-act oil pump113Bo xoan 7 si thepSeven-wire rope114Bc xoan cua si thep trong bo xoanTwist step of a straud115Boi trnLubrification116Bao phu mau neo DULSealing117Bien o bien oi ng suatAmplitude of stress118Ban ay cua dam hopBottom slab of box grider119Bo tr cot thep DULInstallation of prestressed reinforcement120Bien dang an hoiElastic strain , elastic deformationC121Canh tay onMomen arm122Cap thep d ng lcPrestressing steel strand123Cap co cng o t chung thapLow relaxtion strand124Cap xoan 7 si7 wire strand125Cau kien chu catMember subjecct to shear126Cau kien co ban canhFanged member127Cau kien co mat cat ch nhatRectangular member128Cau kien lien hpComposite member129Cau kien lien khoiMonolithic member130Cau kien lien hiep chu uonComposite flexural member131Cau kien cha ntUncracked member132Cau kien hnh lang truPrismactic member133Cau o toHghway bridge , road bridge134Cau ng satRailway bridge , rail bridge135Cau mangAqueduct136Cau khung T co chotRigid frame bridge with hanges137Cau hangCantilever bidge138Cau day xienCable-stayed bridge139Cau d ng lc keo sau , duc BT tai choCast-in-place , post-tensioned bridgr140Cau lien tc c ghep t cac dam gian nCotinuous span bridge composed of simple141uc sanspan precast prestressed girders142Cau banSlab bridge143Cau ban lien tuc co hai nhp bang nhauTwo equal spans continuos slab bridge144Cau hai tangDouble deck bridge145Cau dam lien hpComposite girder bridge146Cau co ng xe chay trenDeck bridge147Cau co ng xe chay diThrough bridge148Cau nhp nganShort span bridge149Cau thangStraight bridge150Cau nhp lnLong span bridge151Cau trungMedium span bridg152Cau cong vuService bridge153Cau cat , cau nangHoist bridge , opening bridge154Cau vomCircled bridge155Cau BTCT thngPlain reinforced concrete bridge156Cau congBridge on curve157Cau gach-a xayMainsonry brdge158Cau co nhFixed bridge159Cau di ong trtSlide bridge160Cau nang-ha thang ngLiftinf bridge161Cau quayPivot bridge , roller bridge162Cau i boPredestrian bridge163Cau tamTemporary bridge164Cau catNovable bridge165Cat khacTo notch , to nick166Cap ( cua be tong , cua thep )Grade ( of concrete ) Class ( of steel )167Can bang tnh hocStatic equilibrium bridge168Cau nghiengSkew bridge169Cong trnh ky thuat caoHigh-tech constuction170Cap treo xien ( cua he tro xien )Stay cable171Chan oanDiagnosis172Can cau congGrantry crane173Cung capSupply174Cot thep a b gcorroded reinforcement175Chai sachTobrush , To clean176Chat lam cng , hoa cngHardener177Cap gom cac bo si xoan boc trong chat deoPlastic coated greased strand cable178Cam bien e o bien dangDeformation gauge179Cam bien e o ngsuat , o lcCaptor180Chem nut neo vao au neo cho chat181Chat boi trn cot thep DULSliding agent182Cot thep co o t chung bnh thngNormal relaxation reinforced steel183Cot thep co o t chung thapLow relaxation reinforced steel184Chat lng mong muonExpected quality185Cap phoi hatGrading granulometry186Cap phoi hat lien tucContinuous granulometry187Cap phoi hat khong lien tucDiscontinuous granulometry188Cat thuan tuyPure shear189Cng o chu moiFatigue srength190Che tao sanPrecast , Prefabricated191Ch dan tam thiInterim instructions192Chieu caoDepth193Chieu cao toan bo cua cau kienOverrall depth of member194Chieu cao damDepth of beam195Chieu cao co hieu quaEffective depth196Chieu dai truyen lc nh dnh bamBond transfer length197Chieu dai kch khi khong hoat ongClosed length198Chieu dai uon docBuckling length199Chieu dai nhpSpan length200Chieu day cua ban canh ( cua ban bung )Flange thickness ( web thickness )201Chieu dayThickness202Chieu rong co hieu qua cua ban canhEffective flange width203Chieu rong co hieu qua cua dam TEffective width 9 of T girder )204Chieu rong ban chu nen cua dam TCompression flange width of T girder205Chu ng c ma khong hongTo stand without failure206Cho rong ( khoet rong )Hollow , void207Lap cho trongTo disppear into the void208Chong am cho be matSurface water protection209Chot ( khp )Hinge210Cong tac keo cang cot thepTensioning ( tensioning operation )211Cong trnhConstruction , work212Cong trngConstruction site , building site213Cong tyCompany , corporation214Cong thc pha tron be tongConcrete proportioning215Co ngan cua be tongConcrete shortening216Co ngan cua thepReinforcement shortening217Cot lieu ( soi a )Aggregate218Cot thep ai ( dang thanh )Stirrup , link , lateral tie219Cot thep ban canhFlange reinforcement220Cot thep trong ban mat cauSlab reinforcrment221Cot thep chu keoTensile reinforcement222Cot thep chu nenCompression reinforcement223Cot thep DULPrestessed reinforcement224Cot thep DUL co dnh bam vi BTBonded tendon225Cot thep thng ( khong DUL )Non-prestressed reinforcement226Cot thep docLongitudinal reinforcement227Cot thep trong sn damWeb reinforcement228Cot thep at theo vong tronHoop reinforcement229Cot thep ngangTransversal reinforcement , lateral reinforcement230Cot thep thi congErection reinforcement231Cot thep tang cng themStrengthening reinforcement232Cot thep chuPrincipal reinforcement233Cot thep phan boDistribution reinforcement234Cot thep trnRound , plain type reinforcement235Chieu dai at tai ( tnh bang met )Loaded length ( in meters )236Chieu rong toan bo cua cauOverallwidth of bridge237CocPile238Coc thep hnh HSteel H pile239Coc ongPipe pile240Coc ong thepSteel pipe pile , tubular steel pile241Coc ng knh lnLarge diameter pile242Coc be tong uc sanPrecast concrete pile243Coc d ng lcPrestressed pile244Chu ky ng suat thiet keDesign sress cycles245CotColumm246Cot chu tai ung trucAxially load columm247Cot co cot thep xoan ocSpiral reinforced columm248Cot co cot ai vuong goc vi trucLateral tied columm249Cot ongPile columm , pipe pile250Cap c ma kenGalvanized strand251Cot thep DUL khong dnh bam vi BTUnbonded tedon252Cau kien co ham lng CT toi thieuMember with mininal reinforcement content253Cau kien chu xoanTorsion member254Che tao , san xuatFabrication , manufacture , production255Cao o , cao trnhLevei256Cau kien lien ketAtttachment , connection257Cot mocLand mark258Con lan , tru cua goiBearing roller , bearing shoe259Cheo , xienSkew260CongCulvert261Cong cheo , cong xienSkew culvert262Ca congCulvert head263Chot ngang ( lap chot ngang )Fastening pin 9 verb : to bolt )264Chot nh vom ( cha khoa )Key , key block , capstone265Canh tranhCompetition266Co dan do nhietThermal expansion267Cot thep gam ( e truyen lc cat trt nh neo )Pin268Cau thang ( e i bo )Strairs269Cung cap , cung ng en chan cong trnhSupply , Supply at the site270Can cauCrane271Chat dnh ketBond272Chu au tOwner273Chu cong trnhEmployer274C hoc ket cauStuctural analysis275C hoc ly thuyetPure mechanics , theorical mechanics276Cao acLevelling277Coc van , coc van thepSteel pile278Coc rong ly tamCentrifugal hollow pile279Coc khoanDrilled pile280Cat botDust-stand281Cot thep chu lcLoad-bearing reinforcement282Cot thep co gDeformed type reinforcement, Shaped type reinforcement283Coc khoan nhoiFillid bored pile284Cong trnh phu tam e thi congTemporary construction for erection285Chat xam thcAgggressive corrosive agent286Cau danApproach viaduct287( Chon ) v tr xay dng cauBridge location , bridge site288Cau vtOverpass , flyover289Cau vt qua ng satRailway overpass290Cau cu hien coExisting bridge291Coc chongPoint-bearing pile292Coc ma satFriction pile293Chnh tr dong songRiver training work294Chieu rong phan xe chayRoadway width , carriage width295Chieu rong tnh khongHorizontal clearance296Chieu cao tnh khongVertical clearance297Chu ky dao ongPeriod of vibration298Chu taiCarry , bear , resist , subject299CatSand300Cat chatCompacted sand301Cap cua tai trongClass of loading302Cau cho mot lan xeBridge for one traffic lane303Cau cho 2 hay nhieu lan xeBridge for two or more traffic lane304Cot thep chu song song hng xe chayMain reinforcement parallel to traffic305Cot thep chu vuong goc hng xe chayMain reinforcemet perpendicular to traffic306Chieu rong phan bo cua tai trong banh xeDistribution width for wheel loads307Cat khoDry sand308Cat amMoist sand309Cat t ( am nc )Wet sand ( staturated )310Coc n ( nam di at )Single pile311Coc ong thep nhoi BT lap longConcret-filled pipe pile312Coc thTest pile313Coc uc BT tai choCast-in-place concrete pile314Coc uc san , coc che sanPrecast pile315Coc ong thep lap longUnfilled steel pipe pile316Coc BTCT DULPrestressed concrete pile317Cot thep xoan ocSpiral reinforcement318Co ngotShrinkage319Cap cua cot thepGrade of reinforcement320Cao suRubber321Chat deoElastomer , plastic322Chat deo thien nhienNatural plastic323Chat deo nhan taoSynthetic plastic324Chat hoa deoPlastifying agent325Chat hoat hoaActivator326Chat lam tang nhanh qua trnhAccelerant327Chat bao veProtecting agent328Cot thap ( cua he treo )Pylone329Chng trnh thiet ke t ongAutomatic design sofeware programme330Chuyen giao cong ngheTechnology transfer331Cot thep phan boDistribution reinforcement332Cot thep ben tren ( cua mat cat )Top reinforcement333Cot thep ben di ( cua mat cat )Bottom reinforcement334Cot thep phu at gan sat be matSkin reinforcement335Cot thep tron trnPlain round bar336Cot thep co o dnh bam cao ( co g )Deformed reinforcement337Co ngan an hoiElastic shortening338C chu nen cua BT 28 ngayConcrete tonsile strength at 28 day-age339C chu nen 28 ngayCompressive strength at 28 day-age340Cng o an hoi cua thep luc keoElastic strength of reinforcement in tension341Cng o an hoi cua thep luc nenElastic strength of reinforcement in compression342Cng o chu uonFlexural strength343Cng o chu keoUltimate strength344Cng o cc hanExposed reinforcement345Chng trnh tnh toan t ongAutomatic calculated design program346Cau khung chan xienPortal bridge347Cau co tru caoViaduct348Chu taiTo subject , to load , to withstand349Cng o khoi vuongCube strength350Cng o ac trngCharacteristic strength351Cot thep uon ngheng lenBent-up bar352Cot thep thangStraight reinforcement353Cot thep co g ( cot thep gai )Deformed bar , deformed reinforcement354Chu vi thanh cot thepPerimeter of bar355Chieu dai oan neo gi cua cot thepAnchorage length356Cot thep nghiengInclined bar357Cot thep chu catShear reinforcement358Cap cua BTGrade of concrete359Chieu dai truyen DUL keo trcTrasmussion length of pretensioning360Cau kien uc sanPrecast member , prefabricated member361Chu ky at taiLoading cycle362Che oi ( do lc nen cuc bo )Fendage363Chot BTConcrete hinge364Chuyen v quay tng oiRelative rotation replacement365Chng trnh th nghiemTest planning366Chuyen vDisplacement367Cap ngan c keo cang t mot auShort cable tensioned at one end368Cap dai c keo cang t hai auLong cable tensioned at two ends369Co ngan laiTo shorten , shortening370Cau kien chu nenCompression memberD371D van khuonDemoulding372Day thep buocLigature tie373Dai phan cachSeparate lane374Dung saiTolerance375Dam bien , dam ngoai cungEdge beam , exterior girder376Dam tan inhRiveted girder377D lieu ( so kieu ban au )Data378D lieu ve lu lut a xay raPast flood data379Dong nc chayStream flow , Stream current380Dam pha trongInterior girder381Dam ngang mat cauFloor beam , cross beam382Dam doc phuSupplementary stringer383Dam banSupporting beam384Dien tch cot thepArea of reinforcement385Dan ban thepGluing of steel plate386Dch vu sau khi ban hangAfter sale service387Dam tam e lao cau , gia lao cauTemporary girder for bridge launching388D ng kc ngoaiExternal prestressing389D lieu e tnh toanCalculation data390Dung cu o , may oTesting device391Dam chu uonFlexural beam392D oanForecast393D toanCost estimate394Tong d toanGeneral cost estimate395a va ( Chan va he tren cau )Curb396au neo hnh tru co lo khoanPerforated cylindrical anchor end397au nhpSpan end398au noi e noi cac cot thep DULCoupler399ac trng cac vat lieuMaterial characteristics400o anProject401ac iem vat lieuMaterial properties402iem au cot thep c keo cang bang kchJacking end403o BT , viec o BTTo cast , casting404o am , o am tng oiHumidity ( relative )405o lech tamEccentricity406o dai di chuyen c cua pitong cua kckMaximum stroke ) of piston )407o am tng oi bnh quan hang namAnnual amblient relative humidity408o ben lauDurability409o on nhStability410o on nh hnh dangShape stability411o m rong vet ntCrack width412o vongDeflection413o vong ngcCamber414o BT theo nhieu giai oanTo cast in many steps ( stages )415ong chatHomogenity416oan ong loe au mau neoTrumpet417ot , oan ( cua ket cau )Segment418uc BT tai choCast in place419ng cong thc nghiemTest curve ( strain-stress )420ng knh danh nhNominal diameter421o dan dai cua cot thepSteel elongation422ieu kien dng ho BTCondition of curing423oan tau th ( e th cau )Test train424oan tau chay thng xuyen tren tuyenTrainseving the line425iem can o cao oLeveling point426at tai th len cauTest loading on bridge427ng ap au cauEmbankment428at nen ben di mongFoundation soil429o dan dai tng oiPercentage elongation430o co ngan tng oiUnit shortening431o congCurbature432o chnh xac ( th nghiem )Accuracy ( of test )433o ben chu laFire resistance434am dui ( e am BT )Hand-poker vibrator435o rong vet ntCrack width436o manhSlenderness437o nhtViscosity438o trt trong mau neocua au cot thepAnchor sliding439DamGirder , beam440Dam goi gian nSimply supported beam , simple span441Dam li6n tucContinuous beam442Dam hop nhieu otSegmental box girder443Dam ch TT-beam , T-girder444Dam hopBox girder445Dam ngangDiaphragm446Dam ngang trong nhpIntermediate diaphragm447Dam chu uon thuan tuyPure flexion beam448Dam dang hnh hoc cua mat catSection geometry449Dien tch bao ( khong ke thu hep do lo )Gross area450Dien tch mat catArea of cross section ( cross section area )451Dien tch tnh oiTransformed area452Dnh bamBond453Dung moiSolvent454D ng lcPrestressing force455D ng lc theo hng ngangTranverse prestressing456Du ng suat co hieu sau moi mat matEffective prestress after losses457Dng ho BT mi o xongTo cure , curing458Dam ngang au nhpEnd diaphragm459Dam BTCTReinforced concrete beam460Dung cu e th nghiem nhanhRapid testing kit461Dai han ( tai trong dai han )LOng-term ( load )462Dam ch c cot thep chu keoBeam reinforved in tension only463Dam co ca co thep chu keo va chu nenBeam reinforved in tension and compression464Dam chu tai trong dai euUniformly load beam465Dam hangCantilever beam466Di anh hng cuaUnder the effect of ...467D an s bo ( o an s bo )Prelminary design468D ng lc ung tamCentred restressing469D ng lc lech tamNon-centred restressing470Dau dng lay hng len trenPoisitive up-ward471D ng suatPrestress472Dam co khoet loVoided beam473Dam ban thep hanWelded plate girder474Dam ban co ng xe chay diThrough plate girder475Dam ban co ng xe chay trenDeck plate girder476Dien tch danh nhNominal area477Dam co chieu cao khong oiBeam of constant depth478Dam DUL keo trcPretensioned beam479Dam DUL keo sauPosttensioned beam480Dien tch ta ( ep mat )Bearing area481Danh nhNominal482Dien tch tiep xucContact area483DungTo uses484ng cong bieu dien o th cua...Representative curve of ...485ng truc cua capCable trace486ng truc cap gom cac oan thangCable trace with segmental line487ng truc cap dang paraboleParabole cable trace488iem bieu dien cua noi lc (tren o th)Force representative points ( on the curve )489o lien (nguyen) khoi cua ket cauStructural integrity490iem at hp lc nen betongLocation of the concrete compressiveresultant491oan ,ot ket cau nhp ben tren tru492oan ,ot hp long cua ket cau nhpKey block segment493au may hi ncStream locomotive494au may diedenDiesel locomotive495o hoat hoa cua ximangActivity of cement496iem at cua hp lcLocation of resultant497ac trng c hocMechanical characteristics498ieu tra (thanh tra)Inspection499au thauBidding500o lunSettlement501ieu chnh,can chnh cho ungAdjustment , to adjust502at boi,phu saAlluvion503em au ,cocPile cap504o an phac thao s boPreliminary project505e quai (ngan nc tam)Cofferdam506a damCrushed stone507inh mocClasp nail508am betong cho chatCompaction509ai om vong quanh bang thepCollar510ng baoEnvelope curve511oi trongCounterprise , counter balance512am chayFamper513am rungVibrating famper514o ran cngHardness degree515a giao, gian giaoScaffold , scaffolding516anh gia ,c lngEvaluation , estimation517o kht kn khong ro ncTightness ( water tightness )518inh aCramp519o d,o long leoClearance , play520a hoc,a xayCobble , stone521uc (bang chong)Frick522ai tuCapital repair , major repair523inh tia r phongTire-fond524on dam , khuc damSegment525am trong (vui vao hon hp betong)Internal vibrator526am tren matSurface vibrator527am canh (rung van khuon)Form vibrator , external vibrator528o tham thau , o thamPermeability529o sut ( hnh non ) cua BTSlump of cone of concrete mix530ng cong , oan tuyen congCurve531inh tanRivet532inh tan ban canhFlange rivet533ng thuyWaterway534ong atEarthquake535au cauBridge end536at tai len ...Loading on ...537ong lc hocDynamic538e phong qua taiOverload provision539oan xe taiTruck train540n v lan xeTraffic lane unit541o vn hangCantilever dimension542c o vuong goc viMeasured perpendicular to ...543c o song song viMeasured paralled to ...544ng truc , ng timCenter line545ong cocPilling546aRock , stone547at dnh ketCohesive soid548at khong dnh ket , at ri racIncohesive soid , granular material549atEarth , soil550at a setLoam551at chatCompact earth552at setClay553at phu sa , at boi tchAlluvival soil554ieu kien atSoil condictions555ng knh ngoaiOutside diameter556ieu kien can bang ng bienBalanced strain condiction557o cngStiffness558o cng chong uonFlexural stffness559o cng chong xoanTorsional stiffness560ap ng cac yeu cauTo meet the requirements561e mau neo DULBearing plate562e hnh loa cua mau neo DULTrumplate , cast-guide563o nhay camSensitiveness564o tut cua nut neo trong lo neoAnchor sliding565( sau khi a ong chat nut neo )566at vao trong khung cot thepPut in the reinforcement case567ong ho o ap lcManometer568ieu kien kh hau bat liUnfavourable climatic condiction569o co ngot cuoi cung tong congTotal shrinkage570o chatCompactness571o xop rong ( cua BT )Porosity ( of concrete )572ieu kien moi trngEnviromental conditions573ap , at ap , nen apEmbankmentE574Ep mat cuc boLocated pressure575Ep vaGront , gronting576Cap a ep vaGronted cable577Cap tam khong ep vaTemporaly non-gronted cableG578Gia thiet c banBasic assumption579Gia thiet tnh toanDesign assumption580Giai oan at taiLoad stage581Gian nExpanse582Gian n t doFree expansion583Giao trnh ( khoa hoc )Course584Gii han an hoiElastic limit585Gii han pha huy cua cot thep DULTime-limit of the prestressed steel586Goc ma sat trongAngle of interior friction587Goi cao suRubber bearing , neoprene bearing588Gradien nhietThermal gradient589Gn oan giao thongInterruption of traffic590Giam sat thi congSupervision of construction591Gi cho thong tuyen ngKeep the line operating592Goi cauBearing593Cac giai oan thi cong noi tiep nhauImplementation successive stages594Giai oan chuyen tiepTrasition stage595Goi trung gian ( tru cau )Intermediate support596Goi bien ( mo cau )End support597Gieng chmCaisson598Gieng chm BT uc tai choCast-in-place concrete caisson599Gia thanh che taoProduction cost600Gia thanh thi congConstruction cost601Gii han an hoi quy cConventional elasticity limit602Gang ucCast iron603Gi cho co nhFixation604Gi cho co nh vao van khuonFixation on the form605Ghi cua ng satPoint , turn out606Goi co nhFixed bearing607Goi di ongMovable bearing608Gan ungApproximate609Gieng chm ch noiFloating caisson610Gieng chm hi epAir caisson611Giang gioBracing612Gia tr quyet toanDefinitive evaluation613Go epLaminate timber614Ghep noiConnection615Gan , sn ( cua ban )Rib616Giay rapAbrasive paper617Gia bua ong cocPile driver618Gieng chm ao va setBentonite lubricaated caisson619Gieng chm ap aoCaisson on temporary620Gii han cat trtShear limit621Gia thanh bao dng , duy tuMaintenance cost622Gia thanh thay theReplacement cost623Goi kieu c khMechamical bearing624Goi con lanRoller bearing625Goi trt t doSlipping bearing626Go danPly wood627Go trt co hngGuided sliding bearing628Goi bang chat deo canLaminated elastonmeric bearing629Giai phap ky thuatTechnical solution630Goi tetronTetron bearing631Gi co nh au cot thepTo block the reinforcement end632Gia 3 chan e lao cau ( dang dan )Launching girder ( fruss type )H633Ham lng cot thep trong BTCTSteel percentage in reinforced concrete634He so an toanCoefficient of safety635He so giam kha nang chu lcCoefficient of reduction of strength capacity636He so ma sat do o congFriction curvature coefficient637He so poat xongPoisson's ratio638He thong sieu tnhHyperstatic systerm639He thong tnh nhStatic systerm640He so tai trongLoad factor641Hoat tai tam thiTemporary live load642Hng len pha trenUpward643Hoa cng trong ieu kien bnh thngHardening under normal condition644Hnh ve tong theGeneral view645He so tnh oiModular ratio646He so an toan tng phanPartial safety factor647H hong ( h hong cuc bo )Damage ( local damage )648He so khong co th nguyenDimensionless coefficient649He so ma sat tren oan thangLinear friction coefficient650He so mem cua cac nhpSpan flexibility coefficient651Hp longClosure652He so ma sat trtCoeffcient of sliding friction653Hoan congCompletion work654Hp kimAlloy655Ha luDownstream side656He so s dungCoefficient of utilization657He so lech tamExcentricity coefficient658He so ong nhatHomogenity coefficient659He so phan bo ngangTranversal distribution coefficient660Hoa cng cua BTConcrete ohardening661He thong thoat nc , s thoat ncDrainage systerm662Ho s mau , tai lieu hng danStandard dossites directions663Ho s thi congImplementation dossites664Hang , phan hangCantilever665Hieu chnhTo adjust666Hnh dang trai xoan , hnh voanOval667Han chamSpot-weld668Han tai cong trngFeild-weld669Ham lngContent , dosage670He mat cauBridge floor671He so dan dai do nhietCoefficient of thermal expansion672He so giam mat cat thepCoefficient of reduction of steel section673Hang rao chan bao ve ng xe chay tren cauVehicular railing , traffic railing674Hang rao chan bao ve ng xe ap tren cauBicycle railing675He so to hp tai trong ( oi vi )Load combination coefficient ( for ... )676He so poat-xongPoisson's ratio677Hoat taiLive load678Hng gioWind direction679Hoat tai tac dung tren va heSidewalk live load680He so xet en tnh lien tuc cua cac nhpCoefficient of continuity of spans681Hp ongContrac , agreement682Hp ong cung capSupply contract683Hp ong chuyen giaExpertise contract684Ham lng xi mangCement content dose685Ham lng cot thepAggregate content doseK686Ket cau DUL lien hpComposite prestressed structure687Ket cau DUL lien khoiMonolithic prestressed structure688Ket cau hien coEsisting structure689Ket cau nhpSpan structure690Ket cau sieu tnhHyperstatic structure691Kha nang chu lc a tnh toanCalculated bearing capacity692KhacNotch693Khoang cachSpacing , distance694Khoang cach gia cac cot ai trong sn damSpacing of stirrups in the web695Khoang cach gia cac cot thep DuLSpacing of prestressing steel696Khoang cach gia cac damGirder spacing697Khoang cach t tim en cac damDistance from center to center of beams698Khoi ban mat cau uc sanPrecast deck panel699Khoi au neoAnchored end block700KhoDry701Khe bien dang cho cauBridge expansion joint , road joint702Khe noiJoint703KhungFrame704KchJack705Kch det,kch aFlat jack706Kch n e keo cang cho mot bo xoanMonostrand jack707Kiem tra , kiem toanControl , checking708Ket qua th nghiem cauBridge test result709Kha nang chu taiLoad capacity , bearing capacity710Khung kieu cong (khung h)Open frame711Ket cau nhp ban lien tucContinuous slad structure712Ket cau nhp ban co lo rongHollow slab structure713Ket cau lien hp thep,BTCTComposite steel714Kch thc danh nhNominal size715Keo dai cot thepTo extend reinforecement716Khu vc chu keo cua BTTension zone in concrete717Kha nang chu cat cua mat catShear capacity of the section718Khu vc neoAnchorage region , anchorage zone719Ket cau uc BT tai cho ( dam , ban , cot )Cast in situ structure (beam,slab,column)720Kiem tra chat lng BTChecking concrete quality721Keo cang khong ong thiNon simultaneous tensioning722Khong thay oi doc nhpConstant along the span723Kieu cauBridge type724Ket cau ben diSubstructure725Keo tong hpSynthetic resin726Kch e tao DULPrestressing jack727Keo cangTensioning728KhoanTo bore , boring729Khoi neoAnchor block730Ket cau ben trenSuper structure731Ket cau c lien ket bang hanWelded structure732Ket cau c lien ket bang bu longBolted connection structure733Khp noi , chot noiHinge734Khuay tronTo mix735Khuon hnh chop cut e o o sut BTCone for testing slump of concrete736Khi congStarting of the construction737Khe noi thi cong , vet noi thi congErection joint738Khe co dan , khe bien dangExpansion joint739Khoi xay ln acMassive740Ket cau khung snFrame structure , web structure741Ket cau lien hp thep , BTCTComposite structure742KhoangPanel743a hnh hoc744Khao sat a hnhTopography745Khu khuyet tat cua cong trnhStructural defect746Khuyet tat lo ra ( trong thay c )Apparent defect747Khuyet tat an dauHidden defect ( not in view )748Khao sat thuy vanHydrologic investigation749Khao sat thuy lcHyraulic investigation750Khoang cach gia cac banh xeSpacing of wheels751Kiem tra thc nghiemExperimental control752Kha nang chu tai cua at nenBearing capacity of the foundeation soils753Kha nang chu tai cu coc theo VL ket cauBearing capacity of the pile754Kha nang chu tai cua coc theo at nenBearing capacity of the pile by foundeation soils755Khau o thoat nucWaterway opening756Khoang cach gia cac truc xeSpacing of wheel axle757Ket cau nhp co nhieu sn dam chuMulti-beam deck , multi-beam bridge758Khoang cach t tam en tam cua cac ...Distance from center to center of ...759Khoang cach trong ( nhp trong )Clear span760Kha nang chu tai cua cocBearing capacity of pile761Khoang cach gia cac tru cauPiler spacing762Ky hieuNotation763Ky s co vanConstant engineer764Keo epoxyEpoxy rein765Kha nang hap thu ( lam tat dao ong )Vibration-absorbing capacity766Kch ayPushing jack767Kch trt tren teflonSliding jack on teflon768Kch thuy lcHyraulic jack769Kch e keo cang cap co nhieu bo si xoanMutistand jack770Kch e keo cang mot bo si xoanMonostrand jack771Khoang cach gia cac mau neoSpacing of anchors772Kch thc bao ngoaiOverall dimention773Kch 2 tac dung co piston trongDouble-action jack with internal piston774Khoi neo , au neoAnchorage block775Kch co bo ngam gi cap pha trcJack with front gripper776Kch co bo ngam gi cap pha sauJack with back gripper777Keo cang cot thep tng phanPartial pretensioning778Keo cang cot thep theo tng giai oanPretensioning by stages779Kiem tra e nghiem thuAcceptance control780Kiem tra trong qua trnh san xuatProduction supervision781Kch thc tnh bang milimetDimension in mm782Khoang cach gia cac dam ngangSpacing between cross beams783Khi cong xay dngStarting of the construction784Keo thuan tuyPure tensionL785Lan can tren cauRailing786Lao ra bang cach trtLaunching by sliding787Loi hnh xoan oc trong bo si thepSpiral core in the steel788Loi nem neo ( hnh chop cut )Male cone , edge789Lo e bm va vao ong cha capGrout hole790Lo mongMortise791Lp BT bao hoProtective concrete cover792Lp phong nc ( lp cach nc )Water proofing layer793Lp phu mat va heSidewalk cover794Lnh vc ap dungApplication field795Lc catShear force796Lc cat a nhan he soFactored shear force797Lc cat nam ngangHorizontal shear798Lc cat thang ngVetical shear799Lc doc trucAxial force800Lc ong atEarthquake force801Lc kch ( e keo cang cot thep )Jacking force802Lc tac dung t pha ben ( lc hong )Lateral force803Lc tap trungConcentrated force804Li cot thepReinforcement mesh805Li cot thep si hanWeided wire fabrie , weided wire mesh806Lc keoTensile force807Luon cap vao kch808Ly thuyet amBeam theory809Ly thuyet na xac suatSemi probability theory810Ly thuyet xac suat ve o an toanSemi probability theory of safety811Ly thuyet t bien tuyen tnhTheory of liner creep812Lien ket , noiJoint , conection , splice813Lc nen cuc boLocal compression814Lien ket trtSliding joint815Lc hng tamRadial force816Lc va chamImpact817Lc va cham do xe chay lac lRolling impact818Lc va cham do ng khong euImpact due to track irregularity819Lan xeLane , traffic lane820Lan xe thiet keDesign lane821Lc cat do phan BT chuShear carried by concrete822Lc cat do tnh tai , hoat taiShear due to deal load ( live load )823Lo thung , lo khoanHole824Luon cap quaCable passing825Lo hnh chop cutConic hole826Lap dngErection827Lc xiet bu longBolt tightening force828Lech tamEccentric829Lap at thiet bInstallation830Lao cauBridge launching831Lien ket cngRigid connection832Lien ket memFlexible connection833Lien khoiMonolithic834LpLayer835Lp ncWater layer836Lp cot thep ben diLower reinforce layer837Lc ay , lc ay ngangPushing force lateral838Ly trnh ( ly trnh X )At kilometre839Lp ma kemZine covering840Lu lng thiet keDesign flow841Lc ly tamCentrifugal force842Lu lutFlood843Lu lch sHistorical flood844Lc docLongitudinal force845Lc lat oOverturning force846Lc do nhietThermal force847Lc do dong nc chay tac dung vao mo cauForce due to stream , current on piler848Lu thiet keDesign flood849Lc ay noi ( lc Acximet )Buoyancy850Lay mau thSampling851Lien ket bu longBolted connection852Lam cham laiTo retard853Lap ke hoach thi congWork planning854Lc va ngang cau ( doc song )Frontal impact force855Lc va doc cau ( ngang song )Lateral impact force856Lun ( s lun , o lun )Settlement857Li toa o quoc giaNational coordinate grid858Long cot thepReinforcement cage859Lu lng xe tren ngTraffic volume860Lc tnhStatical force861Lc ongDynamic forceM862Mat mat d ng suatLoss of prestress (prestress losses)863Mat mat do co ngan an hoiLoss due to elastic shortening864Mat mat do co ngot BTLoss due to concrete shrinkage865Mat mat do ma satFriction losses866Mat mat do t bien BTLoss due to relaxation of concrete867Mat mat do t chung cot thep DULLoss due to relation of prestressing steel868Mat mat d ng suat luc at mau neoLoss at the anchor , loss due to anchor slpping869Ma satFriction870May bm va lap long ongGrout pump871May cat cot thepCutting machine872May ay cap vao trong ong cha capPushing machine873May tron vaGrout mixer874Mat cat co ban canh ( T , hop )Flange section (T,I box section)875Mat cat lien hpComposite section876Mat cat ngangCross section877Mat cat gia nhpMidspan section878Mat cat chu lc bat li nhatThe most unfavourable solicited section879Mat cat tren goiOn-bearing section880Mat cat ch nhatRectangular section881Mat cat khoet rongVoided section882Mat cat acPlain section883Mau neoAnchor884Mau th ai dienRepresentative specimen885Mau th BT hnh truCylinder , test cylinder886Mau th e kiem traTest sample887Mat cat hnh nhanCircular section888Momen uonBending moment889Momen uon do hoat taiLive load moment890Momen gay ntCracking moment891Momen gay xoanTorsional moment892Momen th cap do DULSecondary moment due to prestressing893Momen a nhan he soFactored moment894Momen quan tnhMoment of inertia895Momen tnh cua pha mat cat ben trenStatical moment of cross section above or belong896hoac ben di cua th ang xet chu catthe level being considered for shear about the897lay vi truc trung hoaneutral axis898Mo dun an hoiModulus of elasticity899Mo un bien dangModuls of deformation900Mo cauAbutment , end support901Mo tru cau ( noi chung )Supports902Moi trngEnvironment903Mot cach oi xngSymetrically904Mot cach rai euUniformly distributed905May o lp BT bao ve cot thepCover-meter , rebar locator906May th keoTensile test machine907Mau th lay ra t ket cau thatSample taken out from the actual structure908May th moiFangue test machine909Moi trng an monCorrosive environment910Moi rCorrosive fatigue911May cao ac ( may thuy bnh )Levelling instrument912Moc trac acFix point913Momen cc hanUltimate moment914Mat cat docLongitudinal section915MongFoundation916M rong cua sn damWidening of web917Mo un co hieu quaEffective moduls918Moc cau ( au cot thep )Hook919Moi noi chong len nhau cua cot thepLap joint920Mat cat BT a b ntCracked concrete section921Mat cat BT cha b ntUncracked concrete section922Mat cat ch T ngcInverted T section923Momem tnh nh do ng lcStatic moment of prestressing924Momem sieu tnh do ng lcHyperstatic moment of prestressing925Mo taDescription926Mong cocPile foundation927Moi noi hien trngField conection928Moi noi hien trng bang bu longField connection use high strength bolt929cng o cao930MoiFatigue931Mat cat co momem cc aiSection of maximum moment932Mat cat vuongSquare section933Momem lat oOverturning moment934Momem gi chong lat oRighting moment935Ma sat trtSliding frictin936Momem khang uon cua mat catSection modulus937Momem khang uon th tren cung oi viSection modulus of top fiber referred to of938trong tam mat catgravity939Mat cat c xetCosidered section940Moi noi cap DUL keo sauCoupler941Mong sauDeep foundation942Mong nongFooting , shallow foundation943Mu coc , em au cocPile944Mui luyen , o khumCamber945Mat bch , cai bch noi congCylinder base946Mat ttMastic947May o ghi dao ongOscillograph948Mai docSlop949Mat bang , ke hoachPlan950Mat bang v tr cong trnhEngineering site plan951Mat ngoai cong trnhOuter view of construction952Ma ken , lp ma kemZinc covering953Mc nc tan suat 1%Water level of return period 100 years954Mao danCapillarity955Mau th khoi vuong BTConcrete cubic sample956May nen th BTConcrete sample compressive machine957Mat cat ngang dong ncStream cross section958Mep hang cua banCantilevering edge of the slab959Mat cat a chatGeological profile960Mui cocPier tip961Mo kieu trong lcGravity abutment962Mat mat d ng suat do bien dang tc thiLoss due to concrete instant deformation since963cua BT khi keo cang cac cap lan ltnon simultaneous prestressing of strands964May khuayAgitator , shaker965Moun bien dang doc tc thi cua BTModulus of concrete instant longitudinal966(moun young)deformation967Mau th e kiem tra trong qua trnh thi congControl sample during the construction968Momem khang uon cua mat cat oi viSection bending modulus with respect to top969th tren cung ( di cung )(bottom) fibers970Moi noi hp long ( oan hp long )Closure jointN971Nang len (s nang len)To lift (lifting)972Nen thuan tuyPure compression973Neo chu ongActive anchorage974Neo dang thanh dang ng e noi 2Vertical rod anchorage type for joining the975phan BTCT khac nhautwo different reinforced concrete parts976Neo ngoaiExterior anchor977Neo trongInternal anchor (submerge)978Neo thu ongPassive anchor979Neo nh lc dnh bamAnchor by adherence980Nen aRock base981Nhp tnh khongClear span982Nhom cot thepReinforcement group983Nguon cung cap vat t , may mocPlant supplier984Noi lcInternal force985Noi khpTo connect by hinge986Noi tiep nhauSuccessive987Nguyen nhan h hongCause for deterioration988Nhc iemDrawback , shortcoming989Ngng an toan toi thieuMinimum safety margin990Nt nghiem trongSevere cracking991Nhp goi gian nSimply supported span992Ngan han (tai trong ngan han)Short-term (short load)993Noi suy tuyen tnhLinear interpolation994Nen bep cuc bo ( cho at goi)Local crushing995Nghien cu s bo trcPreliminary study996Ngoai lcExternal force997Neo kieu dnhStud shear connector998(cua dam thep lien hp be tong)999Nghiem thuAcceptance1000Noi cac oan cap DUl keo sauConnection strand by strand1001Nhan thauTo accept tenders1002Ngi goi thau (ben A)Owner (Party A)1003Ngi nhan thau , nha thau (ben B)Contractor (Party B)1004Neo (cua dam thep lien hp ban BTCTConnector1005Neo quai , neo vong (dam BTCT)Anchoring1006Neo kieu bang thep goc (dam BTCT)Corner connection1007Neo kieu inh (dam BTCT)Stud connector1008Nen ng aoExcavated embankment1009Nen ng apEmbankment1010Nhao tronMix1011Noi ongJoint steelve1012Nhung kim loai trong thep ong e chong rHot galvanization , to galvanize1013Nhan cong , tien cong thLabour , labour cost1014Nut ( trong mang li)Node1015Noi chongOverlap-lap1016Nhp , khau oSpan1017Nc matSurface water1018Nc ngamGround water1019Nhiet o dng ho BTCuring temperature1020Nhiet o gia nh luc lap rapAssumed temperature at the time of erection1021Nhiet o khong khAir temperature1022Nho bat lenUplift1023Nhp lien tucContinuos span1024Nhom cocGroup of piles1025Noi ghep , noi dai raSplice1026Neo trong at (dung cho ham , tng chan)Ground anchor (for tunnel , retaining wall)1027Nhp eoSuspended span1028Nut neo (chem trong mau neo DUL)Anchoring plug1029Nut neo a c chem san trong mauPreblock plug1030neo thu ong1031Neo ngam (nam trong BT)Submerged anchor intergrated in the concreteO1032Ong mem (cha cap thep DUL)Flexible sheath , duct1033 gia nhpAt mid span1034Ong thep nhoi BTSteel pipe filled with concrete1035Ong neo cua mau neo trong ket cau DULTrumpet , guide1036keo sau1037Ong congCulvert1038Ong co re nhanhBranchy pipe1039O mau tren be mat BTEfforescence1040Ong thep hnh tronRound steel tube , pipe1041Ong bang polyetylen mat o caoHigh density polyethylence duct1042Ong cha cot thep DULDuctP1043Pha hoaiFailure1044Phan lcReaction1045Phan bo lai noi lcForce redistribution1046Phan tch thanh phan hat cua vat lieuMaterial grading , size grading1047Phan ng xe chayRoadway , carriageway1048Phong th nghiemLaboratory1049Phong thiet keDesign office1050Phu tungAccessories , spare parts1051Phun BT khoDry guniting1052Phun BT tWet guniting1053Phng phap keo cang sau khi o BTPost-tensioning method1054Phng phap keo cang trc khi o BTPre-tensioning method1055Phng phap thi cong hangCanlilevering construction method1056Phng phap xay dngMethod of construction1057Phng phap kiem tra bang tham chat mauDye penetrant examination1058Phng phap kiem tra bang t trngMagnetic particle examination1059Phng phap kiem tra bang dong xoayEddle current testing1060Phng phap th bang sieu amUtrasonic testing1061Phng phap kiem tra bang tia phong xaRadiography method1062Phng phap kiem tra bang phat quangFluorescent method1063Pham viScope , field1064Phng phap th co pha huy mauDestructive testing method1065Phng phap th khong pha huy mauNon-destructive testing method1066Phun va lap long ong cha CT DULGrouting1067Phng phap phan tch thong keStatistical method of analysis1068Pham vi ap dungField of application1069Pham vi an toanSafety field1070Phan bo tai trongLoad distribution1071Phng phap thc nghiemEmpirical method , experimental method1072Phu giaAdmixture , additive1073Phu gia chong thamWaterproofing admixture1074Phu gia tang cng nhanh BTAccelerator , earlystrength admixture1075Phu gia lam cham hoa cng BTRetarder1076Phu gia pozulanPuzzolanic admixtur , puzzolanic material1077Phan bo ap lcPressure distribution1078Phan bo ng suatStress distribution1079Phng phap lao tng ot ,Incremental launching method1080phng phap uc ay1081Phu ma kim loai e bao ve chong rMetallization1082Phng phap thTesting method1083Phan boc thep gia co mui cocSteel reinforced part at pile tip1084Phng phap dng ho BTMethod of concrete curing1085Phan bo doc cua tai trong banh xeLongitudinal distribution of the wheel axle load1086Phan bo ngang cua tai trong banh xeLaterl distribution of the wheel axle load1087Phan bo ngangTransverse distribution , lateral distribution1088Phan bo laiRedistribution1089Phng phap lap ghepErection method1090Phan lc goiSupport reaction1091Phng phap sa chaRepair method1092Phan bo mot cach tuyen tnhLinear distributionQ1093Qui trnhSpecifications , code1094Qua mc (bien dang qua mc)Excessive (excessive deflection)1095Qyi trnh , qui tacSpecifications1096Qua buaRam1097Qua taiOver load1098QuayRotation1099Quay t do tren goiOn-bearing free rotationR1100Ranh thoat ncOpen channel1101Ro be matSurface voidS1102Sau khi ntAfter cracking1103Si n leSingle wire , individual wire1104S bien oi s o tnh hocChange of statical schema1105S bien oi nhiet oTemperature change1106S boi trnLubrication1107S bo tr cot thepInstallation of reinforcement1108S co nganShortening1109S dan nExpansion1110S at tai lech tamEccentric loading1111S lien ket , s noiConnection , joining1112S pha huyFailure1113S phan bo lc giaForce distribution between1114S phan bo theo chieu doc cua banh xeLongitudinal distribution of wheel loads1115S phan tch an hoi ( oi vi ket cau)Elastic analysis1116S keo cang qua mcOvertension1117S tap trung ng suatStress concentration1118S noi cot thep DULCoupling1119Sc chu moment danh nhNominal momemt strength of a section1120Sn (ban bung cua mat cat I,T hop)Web1121Sn tang cng ng cua damVertical stiffener1122SnPainting1123Sai sot (khong chnh xac) trong thi congInaccuracy in construction1124Sai so cho phep (dung sai) trong thi congAllowable tolerance in construction1125So lieu th nghiemTest data1126Sn cng doc (nam ngang)Longitudinal stiffener1127Sn cng ngang (thang ng)Transverse stiffener1128S dungUse1129So leAlternate1130S bo trArrangment1131San nen , don mat bangScrape , to grade1132Sieu caoSuperelevation1133SoiCoarse gravel1134Soi nho , soi ap vunFine gravel , grit1135Sa thachSandstones1136Sieu tnhHyperstatical1137Sn lotInpression1138Sung bat nay e th cng o BTConcrete test hammer1139So bat nay tren sung th BTRebound number1140SetClay1141Suy thoai (lao hoa)Ageing1142San phamProduct1143San xuatProduction1144Sau khi neo xong CT DULAfter anchoringT1145Tieu chuanCode , standard , specification1146To hp tai trongLoad combination1147To hp c ban (chnh)Basic combination1148To hp tai nan (ac biet)Accidental combination1149To hp hiemUnusual combination1150To hp thng xuyenFrequent (permanent) combination1151To hp hau nh thng xuyenQuasi-premanent combination1152Tnh tai bo sung sauAdditional deal load1153Trang thai gii hanLimit state1154Trang thai gii han khai thacServiceability limit state1155Trang thai gii han cc hanUltimate limit state1156Trong lng oan (ot ket cau)Segment weight1157Trong lng ban thanSeft weight , own weight1158Trong lng rieng cua BTConcrete unit weight , density of concrete1159Trong tamCenter of gravity1160Trong tam tnh cho mot n v dien tchSurface weight1161Trong qua trnh keo cang cot thepDuring stressing operation1162T trungRelaxation1163Truc trung tamCenter line1164Tru cauPier , intermediate support1165Tng chanRetaining wall1166Tang Turn-buckle1167Tai trong tc thiInstant load1168Ty le ham lng CT thng trong mat catRatio of non-prestressing tension reinforcement1169Ty le CT DULRatio of prestressing steel1170Th trong phong th nghiemLaboratory testing1171Th nghiem ve va apImpact testing1172Th nghiem ve moiFatigue testing1173Tnh trang bao dng duy tu kemPoor state of maintenance1174Tac nghen hoat ong tren tuyenOperational bottlenecks on the line1175Thanh phan BTConcrete composition1176Theo trnh t u tienIn order of priority1177Thay the khan capImmediate replacement1178Tnh toan bang tayHand caculation1179Ty le pha tron hon hp BTMix proportion1180Ty trong cua vat lieuDensity of material1181Tuoi at taiAge of loading1182Tng chan atRetaining wall1183Tng canh (vuong goc)Side wall1184Tng canh (xien goc)Wing wall1185Trang thai cha ntUncracked state1186Tng thch bien dang gia thep va BTCompatibility of strains between steel and concrete1187Trang thai a co vet ntCracked state1188Tnh toan theo ng suat cho phepAllowable stress design1189Tnh toan theo trang thai gii hanLimit state design1190Ty le chieu dai nhp tren chieu cao damSpan length ratio1191Trang thai gii han ve m rong vet ntCracking limit state1192Trang thai gii han khai thac ve m rong vet ntServiceability limit state state of cracking1193Tr so trung gianAverage value , intermediate value1194Ty so cua cac mo un an hoi thep BTRatio of reinforced-concrete elastic modulus1195Th nghiem ket cauStructural testing1196Th nghiem tren mo hnhModel testing1197Thc nghiemExperiment1198Th nghiem khong pha hoaiNondestructive testing1199Th nghiem en luc pha hoaiTesting to failure1200TrtGlissement , sliding1201Tac ong cua kh hauClimate effect1202Trang thai gii han ve bien dangDeformation limit state1203Trang thai gii han cc han ve on nh hnh dangShape stability ultimate limited state1204Trng hp thong thngCurrent case1205Th nghiem nhanhAccelerated test1206Thi han thi cong thc teActual construction time1207Tut trt au CTDUL trong mau neoAnchor sliding1208Thep co o t chung thong thngNormal relaxation steel1209Thep co o t chung rat thapLow relaxation steel1210Tam nenCentre of pressure1211Tai trong bien oi tLoad of little variation1212Ty le gia tnh tai va hoat taiDead to live load ratio1213Tong tai trong len mot truc xeTotal load on all axies1214Tai trong daiLane loading , lane load1215Tai trong xe o to van taiTruck loading , truck load1216Tai trong trucAxle loading , axle load1217Thep ket cauStructural steel1218Thep chong r do kh quyenAmospheric corrosion resisting steel1219Thep chu thi tiet ( khong can sn )Weathering steel (need not be painted)1220Thep du ng suatPrestressing steel1221Toan oAbac , abacus1222Tac ong vom , hieu ng vomArch action1223Tac dung , tac ongAction , effect1224Tac ong mai monAbrasive action , wearing action1225Tac dung lam cham laiDelayed action1226Tac dung cuc boLocal action1227Tac dung bematSurface action1228Tng chan kieu trong lcGravity retaining wall1229Tng chan co cac tng chong pha sauCounterfort wall1230Tng chan co cac tng chong pha trcButtressed wall1231Tng trc cua tng chan atStem front wall of retaining wall1232Tnh toan thuy lcHydraulic analysis1233Tnh toan thuy vanHydrologic analysis1234Thoat ncDrainage , sewage1235Thoat nc ngang ng o toTransverse drainage of the roadway1236Thoat nc docLongitudinal drainage1237Th tai (th nghiem chu tai)Load test1238Tai trong tap trungConcentrated load1239Thanh nam ngang song song cua rao chanParapet1240bao ve tren cau(tay vn lan can cau)1241Tai trong nang bat thngInfrequent heavy load1242Toc o thiet ke cua xeDesign speed of vehicle1243Tnh toan theo tai trong khai thacService load design1244Tnh toan theo he so tai trongLoad factor design1245Tai trong gio tac dung len ket cauWind load on structure1246Tai trong gio tac dung len hoat tai tuy theoWind load on live load in accordance with ...1247Trung bnhAverage1248Th nghiem tai hien trngField test1249Tr so gan ungApproximate value1250Tien hanh , thc hienTo carry out1251Tai trong thTest load1252Th nghiem cocPile test1253Thay oiChange1254Thay oi nhiet oTemperature change1255Tham , tham nhapPenetration1256Tham ncWater penetration1257Tham chat clorideChloride penetration1258Tac ong cua ong atEarth quake effect1259Tron , pha tronMix1260Thiet n thi congConstruction equipment1261Tuoi tho , o ben lauDurability , life time1262Thiet b lao lap cauLaunching equipment1263Thiet keDesign , conception1264Thiet lap , lap at , trang bInstalltion1265Thch ng vi , thch nghi viAdaptation , to adapte1266Thiet b phan phoi BTEquipment for the distribution of concrete1267Tang cng cauStrengthening of bridges1268Tang cngTo strengthen , strengthening1269Thi cong ma khong lam ngng thong xeTo carry out without interrupting traffic flow1270qua cauon the bridge1271Tnh lien khoiMonolithism1272Tut lui cua nut neoAnchor slipping1273Trc khi neo CTDULBefore anchoring1274Sau khi neo CTDULAfter anchoring1275Tr so khoanContract price1276Tuoi cua BT luc tao DULConcrete age at prestressing time1277Tr so qui cConventional value1278Toi u hoaOptimization1279Thiet b oMeasure equipment1280Ty le nc / xi mangWater/cement ratio1281Th nghiem nen vCrushing test1282Th nghiem nen v che oi (theo ng knh)Crushing test by splitting (after the diameter)1283Tai trong tac dung ngan hanShort-term load1284Tai trong tac dung dai hanLong-term load1285Thi iem at taiLoading time1286Trang thai gii han mat nenDecompression limit state1287Trang thai gii han ve hnh thanh vet ntCracking limit state1288Trang thaiState condition1289Toa oCoordinate1290Ty le ( trong ban ve )ScaleU1291U chuyen hngDeviator1292U neo ngoai at themBlister1293Uon thuan tuyPure flexure1294ng lc tnh toanCalculation force1295ng suat cat trtShear stress1296ng suat cat cho phepPermissible shear stress1297ng suat co hieuEffective stress1298ng suat ban auInitial stress1299ng suat do nhietThermal stress1300ng suat an hoi cua cot thep DULElastic stress of prestressing steel1301ng suat cho phepAllowable stress , permissible stress1302ng suat nenCompressive stress1303ng suat keoTensile stress1304ng suat keo chuMain tensile stress1305ng suat khai thacWorking stress1306ng suat gay ra ntCracking stress1307ng suat cot thep DUL sat neo sau khiStress at anchorages after steating1308thao kch1309ng suat trung bnhAverage stress1310ng suat tc thiInstant stress1311ng suat thep au kch keo cangSteel stress at jacking end1312ng suat dnh bamBond stress1313ng suat v tung cua BTBursting concrete stress1314ng suat cua BT th at cap DULConcrete stress at prestressed leved1315c lng khoan cua cac matmatEstimated losses1316ng suat pha huy bao amGuaranteed rupture stress1317ng suat do uonBending stress1318ng suat do co ngotShrinkage stress1319ng suat do tnh taiStress due to desd load1320ng suat ta (ep mat) di ban mau neoBearing stress under anchor plates1321ng suat yeu cau (cua cap DUL)Required stress of tendon1322c lng bang ly thuyetTheorettical estimation1323ng lcStress1324ng suatStress , unit stress1325ng suat do o hp tnh tai , hoat tai vaCombined dead , live load and impact1326xet xung kch1327ng suat thiet keDesign stress1328ng suat tnh toanCalculation stress1329ng suat phapNormal stressV1330Van khuon di ongMovable form1331Van khuon ayBottom form1332Van khuonForm , mould1333Vat lieu bao phuCovering material1334Vat lieu ong chatHomogenous material1335Vat lieu phu e bao ve CT DUL khoi rCoating material to protect prestressing steel from1336hoac giam ma sat khi cang cot thepcorrosion or reduce friction when tension1337Vet nt ang phat trienCracking development1338Vet nt hoat ongDeveloping crack1339Vet nt thu ongPassive crack1340Vet nt xuyenThrough crack1341Vet nt on nhStable crack1342Vet nt nho li tiMicro crack1343Va he tren cauSidewalk footway1344Viec ma kemGalvaning1345Voi phun vaGrout vent1346Vi ieu kien rang...Under condition of1347Vung at mau neo , vung neoAnchorage zone1348Vung au cau kienEnd none of the member1349Va e tratMortar1350Vung BT chu nenCompressed concrete zone1351Vat lieu cng o caoHigh strength material1352V tung vung at neoBrusting in the region of end anchorage1353Va e phun , e tiemGrout1354Vach nganDiaphragm1355VmArch1356Vai ( phan vat nh ket cau )Chamfer1357Vay kim loaiScale1358Voi ncTap , faucer1359Vong em , rong enWasher1360Vong em venh , rong en venhGrower's washer1361Vut cua damRising grade1362VoiLime1363V tr cauBridge location , bridge site1364Va cham , va apImpact1365Vo thepMetal shell , steel sheath1366Vat lieu cua mongFoundation material1367Vet nt do uonBending crack1368Vet nt do catShearing crack1369Va khong co ngotNon-shrink , mortar grout1370Va xi mang cat e phutCement-stand grout1371Vo boc polyethylen o cao cua cap dHigh density polyethylen sleeve of prestressing1372ng lcstrnd1373V du tnh toanExample of calculationX1374Xa loHighway1375Xac nh s bo kch thcDimensioning , to dimension1376Xac suatProbability1377Xam thc cua moi trngEnvironment agressive1378Xi mangCement1379X nghiepEnterprise1380XoanTorsion1381X ly be mat BTConcrete suface treatment1382X ly nhiet cho BTConcrete thermal treatment1383X nghiep duy tuMaintenance enterprise1384Xa mu ( cua tru , mo )Cap beam1385X ly so lieuData processing treatment1386Xi mang nExpanding cement1387Xoi lScour1388Xoi chungGeneral scour1389Xoi cuc boLocal scour1390Xoi nc e ha cocPile driving by using to wash away the ground1391Xam thcAgressive1392Xi mang PooclanPortland cement1393Xep hoat tai ( bo tr hoat tai )Disposition of live load1394Xe taiTruck1395Xe tai keo smi r mocTractor truck1396Xuyen vaoPenetration go though

&L&6 &EVIETNAMESE-ENGLISH TECHNICAL TERMS DICTIONARY&L&F&C&"VNI-Times,Normal"&Y- &"VNI-Times,Italic"&12 &P &"VNI-Times,Normal"&10 -&R&A

ANH_VIETA1Abac , abacusToan o2Abrasive action , wearing actionTac ong mai mon3Abrasive paperGiay rap4Abutment , end supportMo cau5AccelerantChat lam tang nhanh qua trnh6Accelerated testTh nghiem nhanh7Accelerator , earlystrength admixturePhu gia tang cng nhanh BT8AcceptanceNghiem thu9Acceptance controlKiem tra e nghiem thu10Accessories , spare partsPhu tung11Accidental combinationTo hp tai nan (ac biet)12Accuracy ( of test )o chnh xac ( th nghiem )13Action , effectTac dung , tac ong14ActivatorChat hoat hoa15Active anchorageNeo chu ong16Activity of cemento hoat hoa cua ximang17Actual construction timeThi han thi cong thc te18Adaptation , to adapteThch ng vi , thch nghi vi19AdditionalBo xung , them vao20Additional deal loadTnh tai bo sung sau21Adjustment , to adjustieu chnh,can chnh cho ung22Admixture , additivePhu gia23After anchoringSau khi neo xong CT DUL24After anchoringSau khi neo CTDUL25After crackingSau khi nt26After sale serviceDch vu sau khi ban hang27Age of loadingTuoi at tai28AgeingSuy thoai (lao hoa)29Agggressive corrosive agentChat xam thc30AggregateCot lieu ( soi a )31Aggregate content doseHam lng cot thep32Agitator , shakerMay khuay33AgressiveXam thc34Air caissonGieng chm hi ep35Air temperatureNhiet o khong kh36Allowable stress , permissible stressng suat cho phep37Allowable stress designTnh toan theo ng suat cho phep38Allowable tolerance in constructionSai so cho phep (dung sai) trong thi cong39AlloyHp kim40Alluvionat boi,phu sa41Alluvival soilat phu sa , at boi tch42AlternateSo le43Amospheric corrosion resisting steelThep chong r do kh quyen44Amplitude of stressBien o bien oi ng suat45AnchorMau neo46Anchor blockKhoi neo47Anchor boltBu long neo48Anchor by adherenceNeo nh lc dnh bam49Anchor plateBan cua mau neo50Anchor slidingo trt trong mau neocua au cot thep51Anchor slidingo tut cua nut neo trong lo neo52Anchor slidingTut trt au CTDUL trong mau neo53Anchor slippingTut lui cua nut neo54Anchorage blockKhoi neo , au neo55Anchorage lengthChieu dai oan neo gi cua cot thep56Anchorage region , anchorage zoneKhu vc neo57Anchorage seatingBien dang cua neo khi DUL truyen t kch vao mau neo58Anchorage zoneVung at mau neo , vung neo59Anchored end blockKhoi au neo60AnchoringNeo quai , neo vong (dam BTCT)61Anchoring plugNut neo (chem trong mau neo DUL)62Angle of interior frictionGoc ma sat trong63Annual amblient relative humidityo am tng oi bnh quan hang nam64Apparent defectKhuyet tat lo ra ( trong thay c )65Application fieldLnh vc ap dung66Approach viaductCau dan67ApproximateGan ung68Approximate valueTr so gan ung69AqueductCau mang70ArchVm71Arch actionTac ong vom , hieu ng vom72Area of cross section ( cross section area )Dien tch mat cat73Area of reinforcementDien tch cot thep74Arrangement of longitudinal reinforcement cut-cutBo tr cac iem cat t cot thep doc cua dam75ArrangmentS bo tr76Aspiring pump , extraction pumpBm hut77Assumed temperature at the time of erectionNhiet o gia nh luc lap rap78At flanged part of steel girder phan ban canh dam thep79At kilometreLy trnh ( ly trnh X )80At mid span gia nhp81Atttachment , connectionCau kien lien ket82Automatic calculated design programChng trnh tnh toan t ong83Automatic design sofeware programmeChng trnh thiet ke t ong84AverageTrung bnh85Average stressng suat trung bnh86Average value , intermediate valueTr so trung gian87Axial forceLc doc truc88Axially load colummCot chu tai ung truc89Axle loading , axle loadTai trong trucB90Balanced strain condictionieu kien can bang ng bien91Basic assumptionGia thiet c ban92Basic combinationTo hp c ban (chnh)93Beam of constant depthDam co chieu cao khong oi94Beam reinforved in tension and compressionDam co ca co thep chu keo va chu nen95Beam reinforved in tension onlyDam ch c cot thep chu keo96Beam theoryLy thuyet am97BearingGoi cau98Bearing areaDien tch ta ( ep mat )99Bearing capacity of pileKha nang chu tai cua coc100Bearing capacity of the foundeation soilsKha nang chu tai cua at nen101Bearing capacity of the pileKha nang chu tai cu coc theo VL ket cau102Bearing capacity of the pile by foundeation soilsKha nang chu tai cua coc theo at nen103Bearing platee mau neo DUL104Bearing roller , bearing shoeCon lan , tru cua goi105Bearing stress under anchor platesng suat ta (ep mat) di ban mau neo106Bed plateBe phan phoi lc107Before anchoringTrc khi neo CTDUL108Bending crackVet nt do uon109Bending momentMomen uon110Bending stressng suat do uon111Bent-up barCot thep uon ngheng len112Bentonite lubricaated caissonGieng chm ao va set113Bicycle railingHang rao chan bao ve ng xe ap tren cau114Biddingau thau115BlisterU neo ngoai at them116BoltBu long117Bolt tightening forceLc xiet bu long118Bolted connectionLien ket bu long119Bolted connection structureKet cau c lien ket bang bu long120BondDnh bam121BondChat dnh ket122Bond stressng suat dnh bam123Bond transfer lengthChieu dai truyen lc nh dnh bam124Bonded tendonCot thep DUL co dnh bam vi BT125Bottom flangeBan canh di126Bottom formVan khuon ay127Bottom reinforcementCot thep ben di ( cua mat cat )128Bottom slab of box griderBan ay cua dam hop129Box girderDam hop130BracingGiang gio131Branchy pipeOng co re nhanh132Bridge endau cau133Bridge expansion joint , road jointKhe bien dang cho cau134Bridge floorHe mat cau135Bridge for one traffic laneCau cho mot lan xe136Bridge for two or more traffic laneCau cho 2 hay nhieu lan xe137Bridge launchingLao cau138Bridge location , bridge siteChon v tr xay dng cau139Bridge location , bridge siteV tr cau140Bridge on curveCau cong141Bridge test resultKet qua th nghiem cau142Bridge typeKieu cau143Brusting in the region of end anchorageV tung vung at neo144Buckling lengthChieu dai uon doc145BuoyancyLc ay noi ( lc Acximet )146Bursting concrete stressng suat v tung cua BT147Buttressed wallTng chan co cac tng chong pha trcC148Cable passingLuon cap qua149Cable traceng truc cua cap150Cable trace with segmental lineng truc cap gom cac oan thang151Cable-stayed bridgeCau day xien152CaissonGieng chm153Caisson on temporaryGieng chm ap ao154Calculated bearing capacityKha nang chu lc a tnh toan155Calculation dataD lieu e tnh toan156Calculation forceng lc tnh toan157Calculation noteBan ghi chep tnh toan158Calculation stressng suat tnh toan159CamberBien dang vong len160Cambero vong ngc161CamberMui luyen , o khum162Canlilevering construction methodPhng phap thi cong hang163CantileverHang , phan hang164Cantilever beamDam hang165Cantilever bidgeCau hang166Cantilever dimensiono vn hang167Cantilevering edge of the slabMep hang cua ban168CapBt ay169CapBe tong bt ay ( cua coc , cua gieng ...)170Cap beamXa mu ( cua tru , mo )171CapillarityMao dan172Capital repair , major repairai tu173CaptorCam bien e o ngsuat , o lc174Carry , bear , resist , subjectChu tai175Cast in placeuc BT tai cho176Cast in situ structure (beam,slab,column)Ket cau uc BT tai cho ( dam , ban , cot )177Cast ironGang uc178Cast-in-place , post-tensioned bridgrCau d ng lc keo sau , duc BT tai cho179Cast-in-place concreteBe tong uc tai cho180Cast-in-place concrete caissonGieng chm BT uc tai cho181Cast-in-place concrete pileCoc uc BT tai cho182Cast-in-site concrete slabBan mat cau uc be tong tai cho183Cause for deteriorationNguyen nhan h hong184CementXi mang185Cement content doseHam lng xi mang186Cement-stand groutVa xi mang cat e phut187Center lineng truc , ng tim188Center lineTruc trung tam189Center of gravityTrong tam190Centerifugal pump , impeller pumpBm ly tam191Centre of pressureTam nen192Centred restressingD ng lc ung tam193Centrifugal forceLc ly tam194Centrifugal hollow pileCoc rong ly tam195ChamferVai ( phan vat nh ket cau )196ChangeThay oi197Change of statical schemaS bien oi s o tnh hoc198Characteristic strengthCng o ac trng199Checking concrete qualityKiem tra chat lng BT200Chloride penetrationTham chat cloride201Circled bridgeCau vom202Circular sectionMat cat hnh nhan203Clasp nailinh moc204Class of loadingCap cua tai trong205Clayat set206ClaySet207Clear spanKhoang cach trong ( nhp trong )208Clear spanNhp tnh khong209Clearance , playo d,o long leo210Climate effectTac ong cua kh hau211Closed lengthChieu dai kch khi khong hoat ong212ClosureHp long213Closure jointMoi noi hp long ( oan hp long )214Coarse gravelSoi215Coating material to protect prestressing steel fromVat lieu phu e bao ve CT DUL khoi r216Cobble , stonea hoc,a xay217Code , standard , specificationTieu chuan218Coeffcient of sliding frictionHe so ma sat trt219Coefficient of continuity of spansHe so xet en tnh lien tuc cua cac nhp220Coefficient of reduction of steel sectionHe so giam mat cat thep221Coefficient of reduction of strength capacityHe so giam kha nang chu lc222Coefficient of safetyHe so an toan223Coefficient of thermal expansionHe so dan dai do nhiet224Coefficient of utilizationHe so s dung225Cofferdame quai (ngan nc tam)226Cohesive soidat dnh ket227Collarai om vong quanh bang thep228ColummCot229Combined dead , live load and impactng suat do o hp tnh tai , hoat tai va xet xung kch230Compact earthat chat231Compacted sandCat chat232Compactionam betong cho chat233Compactnesso chat234Company , corporationCong ty235Compatibility of strains between steel and concreteTng thch bien dang gia thep va BT236CompetitionCanh tranh237Completion workHoan cong238Composite flexural memberCau kien lien hiep chu uon239Composite girder bridgeCau dam lien hp240Composite memberCau kien lien hp241Composite prestressed structureKet cau DUL lien hp242Composite sectionMat cat lien hp243Composite steelKet cau lien hp thep,BTCT244Composite structureKet cau lien hp thep , BTCT245Compressed concrete zoneVung BT chu nen246Compression flange width of T girderChieu rong ban chu nen cua dam T247Compression memberCau kien chu nen248Compression reinforcementCot thep chu nen249Compressive strength at 28 day-ageC chu nen 28 ngay250Compressive stressng suat nen251Concentrated loadTai trong tap trung252Concentrated forceLc tap trung253Concret-filled pipe pileCoc ong thep nhoi BT lap long254ConcreteBe tong255Concrete age at prestressing timeTuoi cua BT luc tao DUL256Concrete compositionThanh phan BT257Concrete cover ( Concrete protective layer )Be tong bao ho ( benngoai cot thep )258Concrete cubic sampleMau th khoi vuong BT259Concrete hingeChot BT260Concrete ohardeningHoa cng cua BT261Concrete proportioningCong thc pha tron be tong262Concrete sample compressive machineMay nen th BT263Concrete shorteningCo ngan cua be tong264Concrete stress at prestressed levedng suat cua BT th at cap DUL265Concrete suface treatmentX ly be mat BT266Concrete test hammerSung bat nay e th cng o BT267Concrete thermal treatmentX ly nhiet cho BT268Concrete tonsile strength at 28 day-ageC chu nen cua BT 28 ngay269Concrete unit weight , density of concreteTrong lng rieng cua BT270Condition of curingieu kien dng ho BT271Cone for testing slump of concreteKhuon hnh chop cut e o o sut BT272Conic holeLo hnh chop cut273ConnectionGhep noi274Connection , joiningS lien ket , s noi275Connection strand by strandNoi cac oan cap DUl keo sau276ConnectorNeo (cua dam thep lien hp ban BTCT277Constant along the spanKhong thay oi doc nhp278Constant engineerKy s co van279Construction , workCong trnh280Construction costGia thanh thi cong281Construction equipmentThiet n thi cong282Construction site , building siteCong trng283Contact areaDien tch tiep xuc284Contact surfaceBe mat tiep xuc285Content , dosageHam lng286Continuos spanNhp lien tuc287Continuous beamDam li6n tuc288Continuous granulometryCap phoi hat lien tuc289Continuous slad structureKet cau nhp ban lien tuc290Contrac , agreementHp ong291Contract priceTr so khoan292Contractor (Party B)Ngi nhan thau , nha thau (ben B)293Control , checkingKiem tra , kiem toan294Control sample during the constructionMau th e kiem tra trong qua trnh thi cong295Contruction drawing , working drawingBan ve thi cong296Conventional elasticity limitGii han an hoi quy c297Conventional valueTr so qui c298CoordinateToa o299Corner connectionNeo kieu bang thep goc (dam BTCT)300corroded reinforcementCot thep a b g301corrosion or reduce friction when tensionhoac giam ma sat khi cang cot thep302Corrosive environmentMoi trng an mon303Corrosive fatigueMoi r304Cosidered sectionMat cat c xet305Cost estimateD toan306Cotinuous span bridge composed of simpleCau lien tuc c ghep t cac dam gian n307Counterfort wallTng chan co cac tng chong pha sau308Counterprise , counter balanceoi trong309Couplerau noi e noi cac cot thep DUL310CouplerMoi noi cap DUL keo sau311Coupler divice for post-ensioned cableBo noi cac oan cap d ng lc keo sau312CouplingS noi cot thep DUL313CourseGiao trnh ( khoa hoc )314Cover plateBan noi op ( ban ma )315Cover steel plateBan thep phu316Cover-meter , rebar locatorMay o lp BT bao ve cot thep317Covering materialVat lieu bao phu318Crack widtho m rong vet nt319Crack widtho rong vet nt320Cracked concrete sectionMat cat BT a b nt321Cracked stateTrang thai a co vet nt322Cracking developmentVet nt ang phat trien323Cracking limit stateTrang thai gii han ve m rong vet nt324Cracking limit stateTrang thai gii han ve hnh thanh vet nt325Cracking momentMomen gay nt326Cracking stressng suat gay ra nt327Crampinh a328CraneCan cau329Cross sectionMat cat ngang330Crushed stonea dam331Crushing testTh nghiem nen v332Crushing test by splitting (after the diameter)Th nghiem nen v che oi (theo ng knh)333Cube strengthCng o khoi vuong334CulvertCong335CulvertOng cong336Culvert headCa cong337Curba va ( Chan va he tren cau )338Curbatureo cong339CuringBao dng be tong trong luc hoa cng340Curing temperatureNhiet o dng ho BT341Current caseTrng hp thong thng342Curveng cong , oan tuyen cong343Cutting machineMay cat cot thep344Cylinder , test cylinderMau th BT hnh tru345Cylinder baseMat bch , cai bch noi congD346Damage ( local damage )H hong ( h hong cuc bo )347DataD lieu ( so kieu ban au )348Data processing treatmentX ly so lieu349Dead to live load ratioTy le gia tnh tai va hoat tai350Deck bridgeCau co ng xe chay tren351Deck plate girderDam ban co ng xe chay tren352Deck slab , deck plateBan mat cau353Decompression limit stateTrang thai gii han mat nen354Deep foundationMong sau355Definitive evaluationGia tr quyet toan356Deflectiono vong357DeformationMoun young358Deformation due to bendingBien dang do uon359Deformation due to creepBien dang do t bien360Deformation due to shearBien dang do lc cat361Deformation gaugeCam bien e o bien dang362Deformation limit stateTrang thai gii han ve bien dang363Deformed bar , deformed reinforcementCot thep co g ( cot thep gai )364Deformed reinforcementCot thep co o dnh bam cao ( co g )365Deformed type reinforcementCot thep co g366Delayed actionTac dung lam cham lai367DemouldingD van khuon368Density of materialTy trong cua vat lieu369DepthChieu cao370Depth of beamChieu cao dam371DescriptionMo ta372Design , conceptionThiet ke373Design assumptionGia thiet tnh toan374Design floodLu thiet ke375Design flowLu lng thiet ke376Design laneLan xe thiet ke377Design officePhong thiet ke378Design speed of vehicleToc o thiet ke cua xe379Design sress cyclesChu ky ng suat thiet ke380Design stressng suat thiet ke381Destructive testing methodPhng phap th co pha huy mau382Developing crackVet nt hoat ong383DeviatorBo phan lam lech hng384DeviatorU chuyen hng385DiagnosisChan oan386DiaphragmDam ngang387DiaphragmVach ngan388Diesel locomotiveau may dieden389Dimension in mmKch thc tnh bang milimet390Dimensioning , to dimensionXac nh s bo kch thc391Dimensionless coefficientHe so khong co th nguyen392Discontinuous granulometryCap phoi hat khong lien tuc393DisplacementChuyen v394Disposition of live loadXep hoat tai ( bo tr hoat tai )395Distance from center to center of ...Khoang cach t tam en tam cua cac ...396Distance from center to center of beamsKhoang cach t tim en cac dam397Distribution reinforcementCot thep phan bo398Distribution reinforcementCot thep phan bo399Distribution width for wheel loadsChieu rong phan bo cua tai trong banh xe400Double deck bridgeCau hai tang401Double-action jack with internal pistonKch 2 tac dung co piston trong402Downstream sideHa lu403Drainage , sewageThoat nc404Drainage systermHe thong thoat nc , s thoat nc405Drawback , shortcomingNhc iem406Drilled pileCoc khoan407DryKho408Dry gunitingPhun BT kho409Dry sandCat kho410DuctOng cha cot thep DUL411Durabilityo ben lau412Durability , life timeTuoi tho , o ben lau413During stressing operationTrong qua trnh keo cang cot thep414Dust-standCat bot415Dye penetrant examinationPhng phap kiem tra bang tham chat mau416Dynamicong lc hoc417Dynamic forceLc ongE418Early streng concreteBe tong hoa cng nhanh419Earth , soilat420Earth quake effectTac ong cua ong at421Earthquakeong at422Earthquake forceLc ong at423EccentricLech tam424Eccentric loadingS at tai lech tam425Eccentricityo lech tam426Eddle current testingPhng phap kiem tra bang dong xoay427Edge beam , exterior girderDam bien , dam ngoai cung428Effective depthChieu cao co hieu qua429Effective flange widthChieu rong co hieu qua cua ban canh430Effective modulsMo un co hieu qua431Effective prestress after lossesDu ng suat co hieu sau moi mat mat432Effective stressng suat co hieu433Effective width 9 of T girder )Chieu rong co hieu qua cua dam T434EfforescenceO mau tren be mat BT435Elastic analysisS phan tch an hoi ( oi vi ket cau)436Elastic limitGii han an hoi437Elastic shorteningCo ngan an hoi438Elastic strain , elastic deformationBien dang an hoi439Elastic strength of reinforcement in compressionCng o an hoi cua thep luc nen440Elastic strength of reinforcement in tensionCng o an hoi cua thep luc keo441Elastic stress of prestressing steelng suat an hoi cua cot thep DUL442Elastomer , plasticChat deo443Embankmentng ap au cau444Embankmentap , at ap , nen ap445EmbankmentNen ng ap446Empirical method , experimental methodPhng phap thc nghiem447EmployerChu cong trnh448End diaphragmDam ngang au nhp449End none of the memberVung au cau kien450End supportGoi bien ( mo cau )451Engineering site planMat bang v tr cong trnh452EnterpriseX nghiep453Envelope curveng bao454Enviromental conditionsieu kien moi trng455EnvironmentMoi trng456Environment agressiveXam thc cua moi trng457Epoxy reinKeo epoxy458Equipment for the distribution of concreteThiet b phan phoi BT459ErectionLap dng460Erection jointKhe noi thi cong , vet noi thi cong461Erection methodPhng phap lap ghep462Erection reinforcementCot thep thi cong463Esisting structureKet cau hien co464Estimated lossesc lng khoan cua cac matmat465Evaluation , estimationanh gia ,c lng466Example of calculationV du tnh toan467Excavated embankmentNen ng ao468Excentricity coefficientHe so lech tam469Excessive (excessive deflection)Qua mc (bien dang qua mc)470Excessive deformationBien dang qua mc471Existing bridgeCau cu hien co472Expanding cementXi mang n473ExpanseGian n474ExpansionS dan n475Expansion jointKhe co dan , khe bien dang476Expected qualityChat lng mong muon477ExperimentThc nghiem478Experimental controlKiem tra thc nghiem479Expertise contractHp ong chuyen gia480Exposed reinforcementCng o cc han481Extenor faceBe mat ngoai482Exterior anchorNeo ngoai483External forceNgoai lc484External prestressed concreteBe tong cot thep d ng lc ngoai485External prestressingD ng lc ngoaiF486Fabrication , manufacture , productionChe tao , san xuat487Factored momentMomen a nhan he so488Factored shear forceLc cat a nhan he so489FailurePha hoai490FailureS pha huy491Famperam chay492Fanged memberCau kien co ban canh493Fangue test machineMay th moi494Fastening pin 9 verb : to bolt )Chot ngang ( lap chot ngang )495FatigueMoi496Fatigue srengthCng o chu moi497Fatigue testingTh nghiem ve moi498Feild-weldHan tai cong trng499FendageChe oi ( do lc nen cuc bo )500Field conectionMoi noi hien trng501Field connection use high strength boltMoi noi hien trng bang bu long cng o cao502Field of applicationPham vi ap dung503Field testTh nghiem tai hien trng504Fillid bored pileCoc khoan nhoi505Fine gravel , gritSoi nho , soi ap vun506Fire resistanceo ben chu la507Fix pointMoc trac ac508FixationGi cho co nh509Fixation on the formGi cho co nh vao van khuon510Fixed bearingGoi co nh511Fixed bridgeCau co nh512Flange ( I , J box section )Ban canh ( mat cat I ,J hop )513Flange reinforcementCot thep ban canh514Flange rivetinh tan ban canh515Flange section (T,I box section)Mat cat co ban canh ( T , hop )516Flange thickness ( web thickness )Chieu day cua ban canh ( cua ban bung )517Flat jackKch det,kch a518Flat slabBan phang519Flexible connectionLien ket mem520Flexible sheath , ductOng mem (cha cap thep DUL)521Flexural beamDam chu uon522Flexural stffnesso cng chong uon523Flexural strengthCng o chu uon524Floating caissonGieng chm ch noi525FloodLu lut526Floor beam , cross beamDam ngang mat cau527Floor slabBan san528Fluorescent methodPhng phap kiem tra bang phat quang529FootingBe mong530Footing , shallow foundationMong nong531Force distribution betweenS phan bo lc gia532Force due to stream , current on pilerLc do dong nc chay tac dung vao mo cau533Force redistributionPhan bo lai noi lc534Force representative points ( on the curve )iem bieu dien cua noi lc (tren o th)535ForecastD oan536Form , mouldVan khuon537Form exterior faceBe mat van khuon538Form vibrator , external vibratoram canh (rung van khuon)539FoundationMong540Foundation materialVat lieu cua mong541Foundation soilat nen ben di mong542FrameKhung543Frame structure , web structureKet cau khung sn544Free expansionGian n t do545Frequent (permanent) combinationTo hp thng xuyen546Fresh concreteBe tong ti ( mi tron xong )547Frickuc (bang chong)548FrictionMa sat549Friction curvature coefficientHe so ma sat do o cong550Friction lossesMat mat do ma sat551Friction pileCoc ma sat552Frontal impact forceLc va ngang cau ( doc song )G553GalvaningViec ma kem554Galvanized strandCap c ma ken555General cost estimateTong d toan556General scourXoi chung557General viewHnh ve tong the558Genneral location of a bridge ( Genneral view of a bridge )Bo tr chung cau559Geological profileMat cat a chat560Girder , beamDam561Girder spacingKhoang cach gia cac dam562Glissement , slidingTrt563Gluing of steel plateDan ban thep564Grade ( of concrete ) Class ( of steel )Cap ( cua be tong , cua thep )565Grade of concreteCap cua BT566Grade of reinforcementCap cua cot thep567Grading granulometryCap phoi hat568Grantry craneCan cau cong569Graphical representationBieu dien o th cua ,,,570Gravel concreteBe tong soi571Gravity abutmentMo kieu trong lc572Gravity retaining wallTng chan kieu trong lc573Gront , grontingEp va574Gronted cableCap a ep va575Gross areaDien tch bao ( khong ke thu hep do lo )576Ground anchor (for tunnel , retaining wall)Neo trong at (dung cho ham , tng chan)577Ground waterNc ngam578Group of pilesNhom coc579GroutVa e phun , e tiem580Grout holeLo e bm va vao ong cha cap581Grout mixerMay tron va582Grout pumpMay bm va lap long ong583Grout ventVoi phun va584GroutingPhun va lap long ong cha CT DUL585Grower's washerVong em venh , rong en venh586Guaranteed rupture stressng suat pha huy bao am587Guided sliding bearingGo trt co hng588Gunned sprayed concreteBe tong phunH589Had-act oil pumpBm dau dung tay590HammerBm591Hand caculationTnh toan bang tay592Hand-act water pumpBm nc dung tay593Hand-poker vibratoram dui ( e am BT )594HardenerChat lam cng , hoa cng595Hardening under normal conditionHoa cng trong ieu kien bnh thng596Hardness degreeo ran cng597Heavy-weight concreteBe tong nang598Hghway bridge , road bridgeCau o to599Hidden defect ( not in view )Khuyet tat an dau600High density polyethylen sleeve of prestressingVo boc polyethylen o cao cua cap d601High density polyethylence ductOng bang polyetylen mat o cao602High strength materialVat lieu cng o cao603High-tech constuctionCong trnh ky thuat cao604Hight strength concreteBe tong cng o cao605HighwayXa lo606HingeChot ( khp )607HingeKhp noi , chot noi608Historical floodLu lch s609Hoist bridge , opening bridgeCau cat , cau nang610HoleLo thung , lo khoan611Hollow , voidCho rong ( khoet rong )612Hollow slab structureKet cau nhp ban co lo rong613Homogenityong chat614Homogenity coefficientHe so ong nhat615Homogenous materialVat lieu ong chat616HookMoc cau ( au cot thep )617Hoop reinforcementCot thep at theo vong tron618Horizontal clearanceChieu rong tnh khong619Horizontal shearLc cat nam ngang620Hot galvanization , to galvanizeNhung kim loai trong thep ong e chong r621Humidity ( relative )o am , o am tng oi622Hydraulic analysisTnh toan thuy lc623Hydraulic concreteBe tong thuy cong624Hydrologic analysisTnh toan thuy van625Hydrologic investigationKhao sat thuy van626Hyperstatic moment of prestressingMomem sieu tnh do ng lc627Hyperstatic structureKet cau sieu tnh628Hyperstatic systermHe thong sieu tnh629HyperstaticalSieu tnh630Hyraulic investigationKhao sat thuy lc631Hyraulic jackKch thuy lcI632Immediate deflectionBien dang tc thi633Immediate replacementThay the khan cap634ImpactLc va cham635ImpactVa cham , va ap636Impact due to track irregularityLc va cham do ng khong eu637Impact testingTh nghiem ve va ap638Implementation dossitesHo s thi cong639Implementation successive stagesCac giai oan thi cong noi tiep nhau640In order of priorityTheo trnh t u tien641Inaccuracy in constructionSai sot (khong chnh xac) trong thi cong642Inclined barCot thep nghieng643Incohesive soid , granular materialat khong dnh ket , at ri rac644Incremental launching methodPhng phap lao tng ot , phng phap uc ay645Infrequent heavy loadTai trong nang bat thng646Initial stressng suat ban au647InpressionSn lot648Inside radius of curvatureBan knh trong cua oan ng cong649Inspectionieu tra (thanh tra)650InstallationLap at thiet b651Installation of prestressed reinforcementBo tr cot thep DUL652Installation of reinforceceentBo tr cot thep653Installation of reinforcementS bo tr cot thep654InstalltionThiet lap , lap at , trang b655Instant loadTai trong tc thi656Instant stressng suat tc thi657Interim instructionsCh dan tam thi658Interior girderDam pha trong659Intermediate diaphragmDam ngang trong nhp660Intermediate supportGoi trung gian ( tru cau )661Internal anchor (submerge)Neo trong662Internal forceNoi lc663Internal prestressed concreteBe tong cot thep d ng lc trong664Internal vibratoram trong (vui vao hon hp betong)665Interruption of trafficGn oan giao thong666Inverted T sectionMat cat ch T ngcJ667JackKch668Jack with back gripperKch co bo ngam gi cap pha sau669Jack with front gripperKch co bo ngam gi cap pha trc670Jacking endiem au cot thep c keo cang bang kch671Jacking forceLc kch ( e keo cang cot thep )672Join tapeBang dnh673JointKhe noi674Joint , conection , spliceLien ket , noi675Joint steelveNoi ongK676Keep the line operatingGi cho thong tuyen ng677Key , key block , capstoneChot nh vom ( cha khoa )678Key block segmentoan ,ot hp long cua ket cau nhpL679LaboratoryPhong th nghiem680Laboratory testingTh trong phong th nghiem681Labour , labour costNhan cong , tien cong th682Laminate timberGo ep683Laminated elastonmeric bearingGoi bang chat deo can684Land markCot moc685Lane , traffic laneLan xe686Lane loading , lane loadTai trong dai687Lap jointMoi noi chong len nhau cua cot thep688Large diameter pileCoc ng knh ln689Lateral forceLc tac dung t pha ben ( lc hong )690Lateral impact forceLc va doc cau ( ngang song )691Lateral tied colummCot co cot ai vuong goc vi truc692Laterl distribution of the wheel axle loadPhan bo ngang cua tai trong banh xe693Launching by slidingLao ra bang cach trt694Launching equipmentThiet b lao lap cau695Launching girder ( fruss type )Gia 3 chan e lao cau ( dang dan )696LayerLp697Lean concrete ( low grade concrete )Be tong ngheo698LeveiCao o , cao trnh699Leveling pointiem can o cao o700LevellingCao ac701Levelling instrumentMay cao ac ( may thuy bnh )702Liftinf bridgeCau nang-ha thang ng703Ligature tieDay thep buoc704Light-weight concreteBe tong nhe705LimeVoi706Limit stateTrang thai gii han707Limit state designTnh toan theo trang thai gii han708Linear deformation diagramBieu o bien dang tuyen tnh709Linear distributionPhan bo mot cach tuyen tnh710Linear friction coefficientHe so ma sat tren oan thang711Linear interpolationNoi suy tuyen tnh712Live loadHoat tai713Live load momentMomen uon do hoat tai714Load capacity , bearing capacityKha nang chu tai715Load combinationTo hp tai trong716Load combination coefficient ( for ... )He so to hp tai trong ( oi vi )717Load distributionPhan bo tai trong718Load factorHe so tai trong719Load factor designTnh toan theo he so tai trong720Load of little variationTai trong bien oi t721Load stageGiai oan at tai722Load testTh tai (th nghiem chu tai)723Load-bearing reinforcementCot thep chu lc724Loaded length ( in meters )Chieu dai at tai ( tnh bang met )725Loading cycleChu ky at tai726Loading on ...at tai len ...727Loading timeThi iem at tai728Loamat a set729Local actionTac dung cuc bo730Local compressionLc nen cuc bo731Local crushingNen bep cuc bo ( cho at goi)732Local scourXoi cuc bo733Located pressureEp mat cuc bo734Location of resultantiem at cua hp lc735Location of the concrete compressiveresultantiem at hp lc nen betong736Long cable tensioned at two endsCap dai c keo cang t hai au737Long span bridgeCau nhp ln738Long-term ( load )Dai han ( tai trong dai han )739Long-term deformationBien dang dai740Long-term loadTai trong tac dung dai han741Longitudinal distribution of the wheel axle loadPhan bo doc cua tai trong banh xe742Longitudinal distribution of wheel loadsS phan bo theo chieu doc cua banh xe743Longitudinal drainageThoat nc doc744Longitudinal forceLc doc745Longitudinal reinforcementCot thep doc746Longitudinal sectionMat cat doc747Longitudinal stiffenerSn cng doc (nam ngang)748Loss at the anchor , loss due to anchor slppingMat mat d ng suat luc at mau neo749Loss due to concrete instant deformation sinceMat mat d ng suat do bien dang tc thi750Loss due to concrete shrinkageMat mat do co ngot BT751Loss due to elastic shorteningMat mat do co ngan an hoi752Loss due to relation of prestressing steelMat mat do t chung cot thep DUL753Loss due to relaxation of concreteMat mat do t bien BT754Loss of prestress (prestress losses)Mat mat d ng suat755Low relaxation reinforced steelCot thep co o t chung thap756Low relaxation steelThep co o t chung rat thap757Low relaxtion strandCap co cng o t chung thap758Low-grade concreteBe tong mac thap759Lower reinforce layerLp cot thep ben di760LubricationS boi trn761LubrificationBoi trnM762Magnetic particle examinationPhng phap kiem tra bang t trng763Main reinforcement parallel to trafficCot thep chu song song hng xe chay764Main reinforcemet perpendicular to trafficCot thep chu vuong goc hng xe chay765Main tensile stressng suat keo chu766Mainsonry brdgeCau gach-a xay767MaintenanceBao dng , duy tu768Maintenance costGia thanh bao dng , duy tu769Maintenance enterpriseX nghiep duy tu770Male cone , edgeLoi nem neo ( hnh chop cut )771Manometerong ho o ap lc772MassiveKhoi xay ln ac773MasticMat tt774Material characteristicsac trng cac vat lieu775Material grading , size gradingPhan tch thanh phan hat cua vat lieu776Material propertiesac iem vat lieu777Maximum stroke ) of piston )o dai di chuyen c cua pitong cua kck778Measure equipmentThiet b o779Measured paralled to ...c o song song vi780Measured perpendicular to ...c o vuong goc vi781Mechamical bearingGoi kieu c kh782Mechanical characteristicsac trng c hoc783Medium span bridgCau trung784Member subjecct to shearCau kien chu cat785Member with mininal reinforcement contentCau kien co ham lng CT toi thieu786Metal shell , steel sheathVo thep787MetallizationPhu ma kim loai e bao ve chong r788Method of concrete curingPhng phap dng ho BT789Method of constructionPhng phap xay dng790Micro crackVet nt nho li ti791Midspan sectionMat cat gia nhp792Minimum safety marginNgng an toan toi thieu793MixNhao tron794MixTron , pha tron795Mix proportionTy le pha tron hon hp BT796Model testingTh nghiem tren mo hnh797Modular ratioHe so tnh oi798Moduls of deformationMo un bien dang799Modulus of concrete instant longitudinalMoun bien dang doc tc thi cua BT800Modulus of elasticityMo dun an hoi801Moist sandCat am802Momen armCanh tay on803Moment of inertiaMomen quan tnh804Moment-Axial force interaction diagramBieu o tac dung tng ho momen lc doc805MonolithicLien khoi806Monolithic memberCau kien lien khoi807Monolithic prestressed structureKet cau DUL lien khoi808MonolithismTnh lien khoi809Monostrand jackKch n e keo cang cho mot bo xoan810Monostrand jackKch e keo cang mot bo si xoan811MortarVa e trat812MortiseLo mong813Movable bearingGoi di ong814Movable formVan khuon di ong815Multi-beam deck , multi-beam bridgeKet cau nhp co nhieu sn dam chu816Multi-rib slabBan co nhieu sn817Mutistand jackKch e keo cang cap co nhieu bo si xoanN818National coordinate gridLi toa o quoc gia819Natural plasticChat deo thien nhien820neutral axislay vi truc trung hoa821NodeNut ( trong mang li)822NominalDanh nh823Nominal areaDien tch danh nh824Nominal diameterng knh danh nh825Nominal momemt strength of a sectionSc chu moment danh nh826Nominal sizeKch thc danh nh827non simultaneous prestressing of strandscua BT khi keo cang cac cap lan lt828Non simultaneous tensioningKeo cang khong ong thi829Non-centred restressingD ng lc lech tam830Non-destructive testing methodPhng phap th khong pha huy mau831Non-prestressed reinforcementCot thep thng ( khong DUL )832Non-shrink , mortar groutVa khong co ngot833Nondestructive testingTh nghiem khong pha hoai834Normal relaxation reinforced steelCot thep co o t chung bnh thng835Normal relaxation steelThep co o t chung thong thng836Normal stressng suat phap837Normal weight concreteBe tong co trong lmg thong thng838NotationKy hieu839NotchKhac840Novable bridgeCau catO841On-bearing free rotationQuay t do tren goi842On-bearing sectionMat cat tren goi843One-way spanding slabBan co nhp theo mot hng844Open channelRanh thoat nc845Open frameKhung kieu cong (khung h)846Operational bottlenecks on the lineTac nghen hoat ong tren tuyen847OptimizationToi u hoa848Orthotropic deckBan mat cau trc hung849OscillographMay o ghi dao ong850Outer view of constructionMat ngoai cong trnh851Outside diameterng knh ngoai852OvalHnh dang trai xoan , hnh voan853Over loadQua tai854Over-reinforcement concreteBe tong co qua nhieu cot thep855Overall dimentionKch thc bao ngoai856Overallwidth of bridgeChieu rong toan bo cua cau857Overlap-lapNoi chong858Overload provisione phong qua tai859Overpass , flyoverCau vt860Overrall depth of memberChieu cao toan bo cua cau kien861OvertensionS keo cang qua mc862Overturning forceLc lat o863Overturning momentMomem lat o864OwnerChu au t865Owner (Party A)Ngi go