TTL Tekim - Class 01

8/20/2019 TTL Tekim - Class 01

1/30

Class 1

Hazards of ElectricityFirmansyah Nur Budiman, S.T., M.Sc.

La. Transmisi ! "istriusi #urusan Te$ni$ Ele$tro ! Te$nolo%i &nformasi FT '(M


2/30

&ntroduction

Electricity issilent,in)isile,odorless,ut it isessential in

human life.


3/30

&ntroduction

Ho*e)er+


4/30

&ntroduction

Study of electrical safety is enecialfor de)elo-in% -rotecti)e strate%ies.


5/30

Hazards of Electricity

Electricity

Hazards

Shoc$ rc Blast


6/30

(lossary

• Shoc$/ -hysical stimulation or trauma thatoccurs as a result of electric current -assin%throu%h the ody.

• rc/ heat and li%ht ener%y release that iscaused y the electrical rea$do*n of andsuse0uent electrical dischar%e throu%h anelectrical insulator, such as air.

• Blast/ e-losi)e e2ect caused y the ra-ide-ansion of air and other )a-orized materialsthat are a su-erheated y the sudden -resenceof an electric arc.


7/30

Shoc$

• Sym-toms/ amild tin%lin%sensation,

)iolentmusclecontractions,

heartarrhythmia,or tissue

dama%e.


8/30

Shoc$

Tissue dama%e/

• Burnin%/ from the inside of the ody3 third4de%ree 3 the %ro*th centersare destroyed

• Cell 5all "ama%e/ cell death canresult from the enlar%ement ofcellular -rocess due to hi%h4intensityelectric elds 6research funded yElectric 7o*er 8esearch &nstitute9


9/30

Shoc$

&n:uencin% Factors/

19 7hysical condition and -hysicalres-onse.

;9 Current duration.

olta%e ma%nitude.?9 Current ma%nitude.

@9 7arts of the ody.


10/30

Shoc$

19 7hysical condition and -hysicalres-onse.

•) (ood -hysical conditions 3 lesstrauma

•) 7resence of medical -rolems 6heartor lun% ailment9 3 se)ere e2ectalthou%h current is lo*

•) diseased heart 3 more )ulneraleto )entricular rillation


11/30

Shoc$

;9 Current duration

•) Lon%er current duration 3 moreener%y 6 9

•) SuAcient heat 3 tissue urnin%andor or%an shutdo*n

•) Lon%er current duration 3)entricular rillation

Rt I J 2=


12/30

Shoc$


13/30

Shoc$


14/30

Shoc$

=9 >olta%e ma%nitude

•) "ra* a little attention 6e2ect of ; > D ; >9

•) Ho*e)er, hi%her )olta%e can e more lethal

ecause/a9 at )olta%es ao)e = > the electrical-ressure may e suAcient to -uncture thee-idermis.

9 the hi%her )olta%es cause more intense elds.c9 hi%her )olta%es are more li$ely to createelectrical arcin%.


15/30

Shoc$

?9 Current ma%nitude

•) ey hms la*/ & G E8

•) Electric shoc$ current -ath/


16/30

Shoc$

?9 Current ma%nitude 6cont.9


17/30

Shoc$



18/30

Shoc$



19/30

Shoc$

@9 7arts of the ody

•)Current :o* a2ects the )arious odilyor%ans in di2erent manners. Eam-les/ The heart can e caused to rillate *ith

as little as ? m.

The dia-hra%m and the reathin% system

can e -aralyzed, *hich -ossily may efatal *ithout outside inter)ention, *ith lessthan


20/30

rc

• rc occurs throu%h somethin% called I-lasmaJ6su-er4heated, ionized material9.

• &nitiation of arc/

19 5hen the )olta%e et*een t*o -oints eceedsthe dielectric stren%th of the air.

;9 5hen the air ecomes su-erheated *ith the-assa%e of current throu%h some conductor.


21/30

rc

• rc is )ery hot 3 ? K 6at terminal -oints9,; K 6a*ay from terminal -oints9.

• E-eriment y &EEE/ The heat ener%y of an electrical arc can $ill and inure

-ersonnel at sur-risin%ly lar%e distances. For eam-le,second4de%ree urns ha)e een caused on e-osed s$inat distances of u- to 1; feet 6ft9 or 6irtually all ty-es of clothin% ers can e i%nited y

the tem-eratures of electrical arcs. Clothin% made ofnon4:ame resistant ers *ill continue to urn after the

arc source has een remo)ed and *ill continue to causeserious -hysical trauma.


22/30

rc


23/30

rc

rc Burn/

• First4de%ree urns. First4de%ree urnin% causes-ainful trauma to theouter layers of the s$in.Little -ermanent dama%eresults from a rst4de%ree urn ecause all

the %ro*th areas sur)i)e.Healin% is usually -rom-tand lea)es no scarrin%.


24/30

rc

• Second4de%ree urns. Second4de%ree urns result in relati)elyse)ere tissue dama%e and

listerin%. &f the urn is to the s$in,the entire outer layer *ill edestroyed. Healin% occurs from

the s*eat %lands andor hairfollicles.


25/30

rc

• Second4de%ree urns/


26/30

rc

• Third4de%ree urns. Third4de%ree urns tothe s$in result incom-lete destruction

of the %ro*thcenters. &f the urn issmall, healin% mayoccur from the ed%es

of the dama%ed areaOho*e)er, etensi)ethird4de%ree urns

re0uire s$in %raftin%.


27/30

Blast

• Su-er4heatin% due to arc causese-ansion of air u- to -ressure of1 to ; lfeet;.

• 7ossile e2ects/ e-lode s*itch%ear,turn sheet metal into shra-nel, turnhard*are into ullet, -ush o)er

concrete *alls, and -ro-el moltenmetal at etremely hi%h )elocities.


28/30

Blast


29/30

Blast


30/30

7rotecti)e Strate%ies

Documents

TTL Tekim - Class 01