Trudeau Multicultural Act

• To recognize the heterogeneous nature of Canadian society

• 6 programs were established including museums, libraries, archives, programs for ethnic studies & culture development

Accomplishments of the Act

• 1. Municipal level• Human Development Council• 2. Provincial level• Ontario Multicultural association• 3. National Level• Non Official Language Study

Multiculturalism as a Concept

• to refer to the social reality of ethnic diversity

• to address issues of prejudice, racism and discrimination

Multiculturalism as an Ideology

• cultural differences are compatible with a national goals

• cultural diversity should be accepted as an equal and integral of the national ideology

• open minded philosophy grounded on the principles of tolerance and mutual respect, while reducing prejudice and discrimination

Multiculturalism as a Federal Policy

• act can be traced back to the 1940’s• during war time, government sought

ethnic support• Federal initiatives as it was

understood in the 50’s and 60’s emphasized naturalization and citizenship

Multiculturalism as a Process

• to further the goals of minorities and ethnic groups

• to celebrate cultural diversity• the enhancement of the multicultural

act has been an important component of federal legislation such as:

• Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms

• The Citizenship Act• The Canadian Race Relations

Foundation

Ethnic Group Ethnic Group ContainmentContainment

Why is there an assumption that Why is there an assumption that ethnic groups are somehow outside ethnic groups are somehow outside the main stream of Canadian the main stream of Canadian society?society?

The policy of multiculturalism served The policy of multiculturalism served as a device to legitimize the as a device to legitimize the continued dominance of the ruling continued dominance of the ruling English speaking elite.English speaking elite.

Ethnic Group Ethnic Group ContainmentContainment

the ulterior motive of multiculturalism is the ulterior motive of multiculturalism is ethnic group containmentethnic group containment

It was to obscure the French Canadian It was to obscure the French Canadian challenge to political power and deflected challenge to political power and deflected into linguistic and cultural directionsinto linguistic and cultural directions

This was partially out in place to This was partially out in place to undermine Quebec’s attempt at undermine Quebec’s attempt at independenceindependence

Ethnic Group Ethnic Group ContainmentContainment

Multiculturalism was geared toward equality ONLY Multiculturalism was geared toward equality ONLY in linguistic and cultural mattersin linguistic and cultural matters

By modernizing the traditional concept of By modernizing the traditional concept of ethnicity as an element standing outside the ethnicity as an element standing outside the mainstream Canadian society from which mainstream Canadian society from which individuals were expected to graduate in order to individuals were expected to graduate in order to become full fledged Canadiansbecome full fledged Canadians

This expectation on the part of the dominant This expectation on the part of the dominant group meant that they never considered group meant that they never considered minorities as competition for power, status and minorities as competition for power, status and resources.resources.

Not all groups are granted funds to Not all groups are granted funds to support their community. Support is support their community. Support is largely dependant on membership largely dependant on membership size. Therefore small groups are not size. Therefore small groups are not able to maintain their culture as able to maintain their culture as much as large groups.much as large groups.

There is no universal multicultural There is no universal multicultural education mandate, and only some education mandate, and only some multicultural groups are represented multicultural groups are represented in curriculum at the provincial level.in curriculum at the provincial level.

The main fault of multiculturalism is The main fault of multiculturalism is that it does not provide minorities that it does not provide minorities adequate political or economic adequate political or economic accommodations, it only provides accommodations, it only provides linguistic and cultural linguistic and cultural accommodations.accommodations.

The main fault of multiculturalism is The main fault of multiculturalism is that it does not provide minorities that it does not provide minorities adequate political or economic adequate political or economic accommodations, it only provides accommodations, it only provides linguistic and cultural linguistic and cultural accommodations.accommodations.

Globalization & Multiculturalism: their impact

on citizenship

• Many entrepreneur immigrants are now serving as an important facilitator to bridge the cultural, social and political gaps between Canada and their respective countries.

Globalization & Multiculturalism: their impact

on citizenship

• Individuals holding dual citizenship and their degree of commitment to one country may depend on their economic or political situation.

Multiculturalism & Inequality

•Bilingual and bicultural policies of equality were designed for Francophone and Anglophone Canadians and has left visible minorities and natives at a disadvantage

The class will be divided into two teams, cultural minorities and cultural majorities.

Each correct answer is worth one point for the answering team.

The team with the most points at the end of the question period will be declared the winner of the multicultural challenge.

• 1. What were the 6 programs established in the Trudeau Multicultural Act?• 1.____________________4.__________________

2.____________________5.__________________• 3.____________________6. __________________• 2. What are the 3 levels of government?• 1.______________________________________• 2.______________________________________• 3.______________________________________• 3. The enhancement of the multicultural act has been an important component of what federal

legislations?• 1.______________________________________• 2.______________________________________• 3.______________________________________• 4. What was one of the main faults of multiculturalism?• _______________________________________• _______________________________________• _______________________________________• _______________________________________• _______________________________________• _______________________________________

• 5. What is an example of an organization associated with the provincial level of government?

– A) Human Development Council– B) Ontario Multicultural association– C) Non Official Language Study– D) All of the above

• 6. At what time did the government sought ethnic support?– A) During the 1990’s– B) During war time– C) During the 1970’s– D) During depression

• 7. What are your thoughts on the effects of multiculturalism, ethnic identity and inequality?

• _____________________________________• _____________________________________• _____________________________________• _____________________________________

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Social issues Multiculturalism Inequality

Ethnic Identity Trudeau Museum

Library Prejudice Discrimination

Minorities Ethnic groups Culture