Trimble Gps in St

COPYRIGHT NOTICE

1995 TRIMBLE

Reproduction of this publication or any portion thereof by any means without theexpress written permission of TRIMBLE is prohibited. For further informationcontact, Manager, Technical Publications, TRIMBLE, Avionics Division, 2105Donley Drive, Austin, Texas 78758. Telephone (512) 432-0400.

Page A

T Trimble 2000 Approach GPS Receiver

Revision EJanuary 13, 1996

LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGESInsert latest change pages and destroy superceded pages.

Page Description Page no. DateFront Cover - January 13, 1997List of Effective Pages A January 13, 1997Record of Revisions B January 6, 1995Table of Contents (Main) i - iii January 6, 1995Table of Contents (Section I) 1-i January 6, 1995Section I - General Information 1-1 January 6, 1995

1-2 February 23, 19951-3 - 1-5 January 6, 19951-6 February 23, 19951-7 July 28, 19951-8 January 6, 1995

Table of Contents (Section II) 2-i January 6, 1995Section II - Installation 2-1 January 6, 1995

2-2 February 23, 19952-3 - 2-5 January 6, 19952-7 January 13, 19972-9 July 28, 19952-11 - 2-14 January 6, 19952-15 January 13, 19972-16 - 2-25 January 6, 1995

Table of Contents (Section III) 3-i January 6, 1995Section III - Checkout 3-1 - 3-2 November 4, 1996

3-3 February 23, 19953-4 November 4, 19963-6 - 3-8 January 6, 1995

Appendix A - RTCA/DO 160-C Environmental Qualification Forms A-1 - A-4 January 6, 1995Appendix B - Serial Interface Specification B-1 - B-18 January 6, 1995Appendix C - Supplemental Flight Certificate and Flight Manual Supplement Example C-1, C-2 January 6, 1995

Dates of Original and Change pages are:

Revision .......... A ......... January 6, 1995Revision .......... B ......... February 23, 1995Revision .......... C ........ July 28, 1995Revision .......... D ........ November 4, 1996Revision .......... E ......... January 13, 1997

Page B

T Trimble 2000 Approach GPS Receiver

Revision CJuly 28, 1995

Assigned To (Job Title) LocationRECORD OF REVISIONS

Rev Revision Insertion Rev Revision InsertionBy ByNo. Date Date No. Date Date

Page iRevision AJanuary 6, 1995

Trimble 2000 Approach GPS ReceiverT

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION I - General Information

1.1 INTRODUCTION ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-1

1.2 DESCRIPTION OF EQUIPMENT ------------------------------------------------------------- 1-21.2.1 Receiver/Display Unit ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-21.2.2 GPS Antenna ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-3

1.3 TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS ----------------------------------------------------------- 1-41.3.1 Receiver/Display Units (P/N 81438-XX) ------------------------------------------------------ 1-41.3.2 GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-20) ----------------------------------------------------------------- 1-51.3.3 GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-11) (alternate) ---------------------------------------------------- 1-51.3.4 GPS Antenna (P/N 81194) (alternate) -------------------------------------------------------- 1-6

1.4 PARTS AND EQUIPMENT SUPPLIED ------------------------------------------------------ 1-71.4.1 Trimble 2000 Approach GPS Receiver ------------------------------------------------------- 1-71.4.2 Installation Kit --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-7

1.5 ACCESSORIES NOT SUPPLIED ------------------------------------------------------------- 1-81.5.1 Installation -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-81.5.2 GPS Cable Requirements ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-8

SECTION II - Installation

2.1 GENERAL------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-1

2.2 UNPACKING AND INSPECTING EQUIPMENT------------------------------------------- 2-12.2.1 Physical Inspection -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-12.2.2 Electrical Inspection ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-1

2.3 EQUIPMENT INSTALLATION ----------------------------------------------------------------- 2-12.3.1 Cooling Considerations --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-12.3.2 Harness and Cable Fabrication ---------------------------------------------------------------- 2-12.3.3 GPS Antenna Installation ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2-22.3.4 Receiver/Display Unit Installation -------------------------------------------------------------- 2-32.3.5 Outside Air Temperature Probe (OAT) "K" Factor ----------------------------------------- 2-4

Page iiRevision A

January 6, 1995

Trimble 2000 Approach GPS Receiver T

SECTION III - Checkout

3.1 GENERAL------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-1

3.2 SYSTEM CHECKOUT --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-13.2.1 Preliminary test ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-13.2.2 Serial Port Configuration ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-13.2.3 GPS Receiver Tests ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-23.2.4 Analog Interface Check --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-4

3.3 FINAL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3-53.3.1 Configuration Record Sheet --------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-53.3.2 Flight Manual Supplement ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-5

ILLUSTRATIONS2-1 Trimble 2000 Approach Pin-out ---------------------------------------------------------------- 2-42-2 GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-20) Installation Drawing --------------------------------------- 2-52-3 ARINC 743 GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-11) Installation Drawing (alternate) --------- 2-72-4 ARINC 743 Hi Speed GPS Antenna (P/N 81194) Installation Drawing (alternate) 2-92-5 Trimble 2000 Approach Installation Drawing ---------------------------------------------- 2-112-6 Mounting Tray Assembly Drawing ----------------------------------------------------------- 2-132-7 Typical System Interconnection -------------------------------------------------------------- 2-152-8 CDI/HSI Interconnection ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2-172-9 Serial Port Interconnection --------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-19

Page iiiRevision AJanuary 6, 1995


APPENDIX A - RTCA/DO-160C Environmental Qualification Forms

A.1 RECEIVER/DISPLAY UNIT -------------------------------------------------------------------- A-1

A.2 GPS ANTENNA ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- A-2

APPENDIX B - Serial Interface Specification

B.1 INTRODUCTION ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- B-1

B.2 BASIC COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL DESCRIPTIONS----------------------------- B-1B.2.1 RS-422 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- B-1B.2.2 RS-232 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- B-1B.2.3 RS-423 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- B-1

B.3 CONNECTOR PIN ASSIGNMENTS --------------------------------------------------------- B-2

B.4 SOFTWARE CONFIGURATION OF SERIAL PORTS ----------------------------------- B-3

B.5 RECEIVE PORTS --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- B-3B.5.1 Configuration --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- B-3B.5.2 Encoder Data Format ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- B-3B.5.3 RMI Data Format ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- B-4B.5.4 Air Data Computer Format ---------------------------------------------------------------------- B-5

B.6 TRANSMIT PORTS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ B-7B.6.1 Configuration --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- B-7B.6.2 R0 and R1 Data Formats ------------------------------------------------------------------------ B-7B.6.3 K0 and K1 Data Formats ----------------------------------------------------------------------- B-10B.6.4 X0 and X1 Formats ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ B-13B.6.5 Data Output Format Example ----------------------------------------------------------------- B-17

APPENDIX C - STCs and Flight Manual Supplements

iRevision AJanuary 6, 1995


TABLE OF CONTENTS


1.1 INTRODUCTION ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-1

1.2 DESCRIPTION OF EQUIPMENT ------------------------------------------------------------- 1-21.2.1 Receiver/Display Unit ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-21.2.2 GPS Antenna ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-3

1.3 TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS ----------------------------------------------------------- 1-41.3.1 Receiver/Display Units (P/N 81438-XX) ------------------------------------------------------ 1-41.3.2 GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-20) ----------------------------------------------------------------- 1-51.3.3 GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-11) (alternate) ---------------------------------------------------- 1-51.3.4 GPS Antenna (P/N 81194) (alternate) -------------------------------------------------------- 1-6

1.4 PARTS AND EQUIPMENT SUPPLIED ------------------------------------------------------ 1-71.4.1 Trimble 2000 Approach GPS Receiver ------------------------------------------------------- 1-71.4.2 Installation Kit --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-7

1.5 ACCESSORIES NOT SUPPLIED ------------------------------------------------------------- 1-81.5.1 Installation -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-81.5.2 GPS Cable Requirements ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 1-8

1Revision AJanuary 6, 1995



1.1 INTRODUCTION

This manual provides information about the electrical, mechanical, and physical characteristics of the Trimble 2000 ApproachGPS Receiver (P/N 81438-XX) (see Table 1-1 for appropriate dash number). The first section serves as an introduction. Itdescribes the technical specifications of the panel-mounted Receiver/Display unit, and the externally mounted GPS antenna.The following sections describe the installation and checkout procedures. Proper techniques must be followed to ensurecorrect operation.

Table 1-1 Unit & Antenna Matrix

Unit Part No. Description Ship Kit Part No. Install Kit Part No.

81438-00

Receiver with black bezel & standard GPSantenna P/N 16248-20 81463-00 81446-00

Receiver with black bezel & optional ARINC GPSantenna P/N 16248-11 81463-01 81446-01

Receiver with black bezel & optional ARINC 743 HiSpeed GPS antenna P/N 81194 81463-02 81446-02

81438-01

Receiver with gray bezel & standard GPS antennaP/N 16248-20 81463-03 81446-00

Receiver with gray bezel & optional ARINC GPSantenna P/N 16248-11 81463-04 81446-01

Receiver with gray bezel & optional ARINC 743 HiSpeed GPS antenna P/N 81194 81463-05 81446-02

81438-10

Receiver with NVG black bezel & standard GPSantenna P/N 16248-20 81463-06 81446-00

Receiver with NVG black bezel & optional ARINCGPS antenna P/N 16248-11 81463-07 81446-01

Receiver with NVG black bezel & optional ARINC743 Hi Speed GPS antenna P/N 81194 81463-08 81446-02

81438-11

Receiver with NVG gray bezel & standard GPSantenna P/N 16248-20 81463-09 81446-00

Receiver with NVG gray bezel & optional ARINCGPS antenna P/N 16248-11 81463-10 81446-01

Receiver with NVG gray bezel & optional ARINC743 Hi Speed GPS antenna P/N 81194 81463-11 81446-02

2Revision B

February 23, 1995


1.2 DESCRIPTION OF EQUIPMENT

The Trimble 2000 Approach Receiver provides long-range GPS navigation via a panel-mounted unit. Each system comprisesreceivers and antennas to perform specified functions. The Jeppesen database cards provide up-to-date information aboutairports and other navigation aids around the world. The Trimble 2000 Approach GPS System contains one panel-mountedReceiver/Display Unit (RDU) containing a GPS Receiver (9-channel), one GPS Antenna/Preamp, and applicable installationhardware all contained within P/N 81446-XX (see Table 1-1 for appropriate dash number). The Jeppesen database cardsare available separately within P/N 81461-00 for North American information, P/N 81461-01 for International information, orP/N 81461-02 for Worldwide information. The first card is supplied by Trimble.

1.2.1 Receiver/Display UnitThe Receiver/Display Unit (RDU) is the main component of the Trimble 2000 Approach navigation systems. TheRDU consists of the GPS Receiver, the User Interface, and the System Interface.

1.2.1.1 GPS Receiver

The GPS Receiver interprets the satellite transmissions to determine the current position. This information iscommunicated to the pilot via the User Interface and to the connected equipment via the System Interface.

1.2.1.2 User Interface

The User Interface is accomplished by an LED Display, seven annunciator lights, nine illuminated push-buttonkeys, two concentric selector knobs, a power switch, and a NavData card slot.

A. LED Display

The Light Emitting Diode (LED) Display is a two-line, high intensity display with 20 characters per line.System information is shown on the display.

B. Annunciator Lights

The internal annunciator lights alert the pilot of warning and advisory messages. The annunciator lightsare the Message (MSG), Hold (HLD), Parallel Track (PTK), Approach (APR), Waypoint Alert (WPT),Global Positioning System (GPS) and Random Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM).

C. Push-Button Keys

Nine illuminated push-button keys are used for mode selection and data entry. The keys are describedas follows:

Access Navigation Mode. Displays enroute navigation information.

Access Waypoint Mode. Allows pilot to view or select airports, SIDs, STARs, Approaches,VORs, NDBs, Intersections, and User-defined locations as waypoints in a flight plan oras a destination. Also allows pilot to create, edit, or delete User-defined waypoints.

Access Flight Plan Mode. Allows pilot to create, use, edit, reverse, and delete flight plans.

Access Calculator Mode. Allows pilot to perform many common E6B computercalculations.



Access Auxiliary Mode. Provides information about system status, sensor status,system setup and installation procedures. Also contains a programmable checklistfunction.

Shows twenty nearest airports, VORs, NDBs, and Intersections.

Allows pilot to fly directTo the indicated location or activate the indicated flight plan.

Enters information into memory and used to begin and end data entry.

Allows the pilot to view system messages.

D. Selector Knobs

Two concentric selector knobs are used to select displays within modes and for data entry.

E. Power Switch

A push-pull power switch turns the RDU on and off.

F. NavData Card Slot

The NavData card slot accepts the Jeppesen NavData card which provides the pilot information onAirports, SIDs, STARs, Approaches, VORs, NDBs, and Intersections. Either a North American orInternational database may be used. The slot also accepts the Trimble NavPak Memory Card usedby the Trimble NavPak flight planning system.

1.2.1.3 System Interface

The Trimble 2000 Approach communicates with connected equipment by the CDI outputs, Annunciators, andthe Serial Inputs/Outputs.

A. CDI Outputs

The RDU provides standard Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) output signals suitable for use by mostCDIs.

B. Annunciator Outputs

The external annunciator lights alert the pilot of warning and advisory messages. The annunciatorlights are Message (MSG), Hold (HLD), Waypoint Alert (WPT) and Approach (APR).

C. Serial Inputs/Outputs

The RDU provides two serial input ports and two serial output ports for general use. Data formats maybe selected by the pilot.

1.2.2 GPS AntennaThe GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-20) receives and amplifies GPS Signals. The GPS Antenna unit is an omnidirectionalflat microstrip antenna with an integral preamplifier and is rated to 600 knots IAS. Two alternate antennas (P/Ns16248-11 & 81194) can be used with the Trimble 2000 Approach.

4Revision A

January 6, 1995


1.3 TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS

1.3.1 Receiver/Display Units (P/N 81438-XX)ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE See Appendix A

TSO COMPLIANCE C129 (A1)

BZT COMPLIANCE Pending

PHYSICAL DIMENSIONSHeight 2.0 in (5.08 cm)Width 6.25 in (15.87 cm)Depth 9.70 in (24.64 cm)

WEIGHT 3.0 lbs (1.36 kg)

TEMPERATURENavigation Unit -20 to +55 CDatabase Card 0 to +55 C

ALTITUDE -1000 ft to +50,000 ft (cabin pressure)*

MAXIMUM TRACK VELOCITY 800 knots*

MOUNTING Panel mounted with Trimble supplied rack

POWER REQUIREMENTS 1.0 A @ 14 Vdc (all units)0.5 A @ 28 Vdc (all units)

SIGNAL INPUTSSerial Data Input Port 1 EIA RS-422, RS-423, RS-232 compatibleSerial Data Input Port 2 EIA RS-232, RS-423, TTL compatible

SIGNAL OUTPUTSCDI 150 mV full scale +RightNAV Flag out of view 350 to 900 mV, up to 5, 1 k parallel loadsNAV Flag in view < 3.5 mVNAV Superflag Valid (28 Vdc installations) > 18 VNAV Superflag Valid (14 Vdc installations) > 10 VNAV Superflag Invalid (Both) < 3.5 VTO/FROM Flag (To indication) +40 to +160 mVTO/FROM Flag (From indication) -40 to -160 mV, up to 5, 200 parallel loadsExternal Annunciators Message (MSG)

Waypoint Alert (WPT)Hold (HLD)Approach (APR)

Annunciator Limits Maximum Voltage: 30 VdcMaximum Sink Current: 200 mA

Serial Data Output Port 1 EIA RS-422Serial Data Output Port 2 EIA RS-423, RS-232 compatible

* Complies with USA export requirements



1.3.1.1 GPS Receiver

TYPE L1 Frequency (1575 MHz), C/A Code,Nine Channel

ACQUISITION TIME 1.5 to 3.5 minutes

POSITION UPDATE RATE 4 per second

DYNAMICS 800 knots, 6g (tracking)

ACCURACYPosition 15 meters RMS**Velocity 0.1 knots steady state**Altitude 35 meters RMS** (MSL)Time UTC to the nearest microsecond

** Selective Availability not implemented

1.3.2 GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-20)TSO COMPLIANCE C129 *

ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE See Appendix A

PHYSICAL DIMENSIONSHeight 0.80 in (2.0 cm)Width 3.75 in (9.53 cm)Length 4.00 in (10.16 cm)

WEIGHT 0.44 lb (0.2 kg)TEMPERATURE -55C to +70C

ALTITUDE RANGE -1000 ft to +55,000 ft

MOUNTING External

POWER REQUIREMENTS +5 Vdc @ 80 mA from NPU

SPEED RATING 600 knots IAS

CONNECTOR SMA

* Installations utilizing this antenna are limited to aircraft not equipped with Satellite Communications equipment.

6Revision B

February 23, 1995


1.3.3 GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-11) (alternate)TSO COMPLIANCE C129 *





MOUNTING External

POWER REQUIREMENTS +5 Vdc @ 80 mA from NPU


CONNECTOR TNC


1.3.4 GPS Antenna (P/N 81194) (alternate)TSO COMPLIANCE C115a, C129 *





MOUNTING External

POWER REQUIREMENTS +5 Vdc @ 40 mA max from NPU


CONNECTOR TNC

7Revision CJuly 28, 1995


1.4 PARTS AND EQUIPMENT SUPPLIED

1.4.1 Trimble 2000 Approach GPS ReceiverThe Trimble 2000 Approach GPS Receiver is included in the Trimble 2000 Approach Shipping Kit P/N 81463-XX (seeTable 1-1 for appropriate dash number) with the hardware required for proper installation. Listed below are thecontents of the Trimble 2000 Approach GPS Shipping Kit.

TPN QTY DESCRIPTION

81438-XX 1 GPS Receiver/Display Unit81446-XX 1 Trimble 2000 Approach Installation Kit

1.4.2 Installation KitThe Installation Kit, supplied in the shipping kit within P/N 81446-XX (see Table 1-1 for appropriate dash number),contains the decals, labels, NavData subscription form, manuals, appropriate connectors, and installation hardware.Where available, the vendor and vendor part number are included. This is provided as a convenience to theinstallation agency and Trimble reserves the right to substitute equivalent parts without prior notice. The contentsare listed below:

P/N DESCRIPTION QTY 81446- VENDOR & P/N00 01 02

16248-20 * GPS Antenna/Preamp 1 - - -16248-11 * GPS Antenna, ARINC - 1 - -81194 GPS Antenna, ARINC 743 Hi Speed - - 1 -80116 Antenna Mounting Gasket 1 1 - -14719-00 Antenna Cable, SMA 1 1 1 -14420-00 Mounting Tray 1 1 1 -16581 Cockpit Label Set 1 1 1 -16940 NavData Information and Subscription 1 1 1 -81449 Trimble 2000 Approach Pilot Guide 1 1 1 -81450 Trimble 2000 Approach Installation Manual 1 1 1 -16165 24-pin Connector 1 1 1 Amp 90 50/57-2024081460 Connector, Adapter, TNC Plug-SMA Jack - 1 1 -10257 Screw 4-40 x 1/4 PL PH 6 6 6 -10560 Nylon Duro Strip, 5 in 1 1 1 -11055 Screw 4-40 x 1/2 PL FH 1 1 1 -80832 Tie Wrap Tefzel 4" 1 1 1 -14423 Rear Panel Cage 1 1 1 -14424 Rear Panel Guard 1 1 1 -14426 Airway Tube Tray 1 1 1 -16167 Screw m2.5 x 10mm ss 3 3 3 -16168 Retaining Ring 1 1 1 -16169 Tie Wrap Cable 1 1 1 -16707 GPS Antenna Template 1 - - -80399 GPS Antenna Template - 1 1 -16737 Foam Rubber Tube 1 1 1 -


8Revision A

January 6, 1995


1.5 ACCESSORIES NOT SUPPLIED

1.5.1 Installation

Circuit Breaker (required) 3 A for 14 V installations (P & B W58-XC4C12A-3)2 A for 28 V installations (P & B W58-XC4C12A-2)

Analog CDI or HSI Dedicated or switched through relay

External Annunciators (4) Message (MSG) * -- AmberWaypoint Alert (WPT) * -- Green or AmberHLD (HLD) * -- Green or WhiteApproach (APR) * -- Green or White

* Required Annunciator

1.5.2 GPS Cable RequirementsThe GPS Cable (RG-316) provided in the shipping kit is 20 feet long. An alternate, prefabricated 50 foot cable isavailable from Trimble (P/N 14719-01 which includes adapter P/N 14719-04).

1.5.2.1 GPS Cable Lengths Greater Than 50 Feet

For GPS antenna cable lengths longer than 50 feet, the GPS antenna cable is to be supplied and fabricated bythe installation agency to meet the following requirements:

Insertion Loss < 10 dB @ 1.575 GHzDC Resistance < 1

A "GPS Antenna Fail" message is displayed if resistance limitation is exceeded.

RG-393 is an acceptable cable for installations greater than 50 feet in length. When RG-393 cable is used, an(SMA-to-SMB) adapter cable Trimble P/N 14719-04 is required to connect to the RDU. It is also necessary toorder a (TNC-to-SMA) adapter Trimble P/N 81478 to connect to the Trimble adapter cable. It is recommendedto order the antenna Trimble P/N 16248-11 when using the RG-393 cable. An equivalent cable may be used,but must meet the criteria listed above. An alternative to RG-393 is available from PIC Wire & Cable. The cableis PIC P/N 33141 and the matching TNC connectors are PIC P/N 190308 and PIC P/N 190309 for both thestraight and right angle type. The PIC Wire & Cable address is:

PIC Wire & CableN63 W22619 Main StreetP.O. Box 330Sussex, WI 53089(800) 742-3191Fax: (414) 246-0450

The following parts (for use with RG-393 cable) are available from Trimble:

TPN DESCRIPTION QTY VENDOR P/N

One or two of the following:26479-0495 TNC straight 1 or 2 Amp 1-225550-3 or26479-0494 Connector, RF, TNC, 90 2 Amp 1-225554-1

Use Crimp Tool AMP P/N 220015-01 or AMP P/N M22520/5-01 with Die Set AMP P/N M22520/5-05.



TABLE OF CONTENTS


2.1 GENERAL------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-1

2.2 UNPACKING AND INSPECTING EQUIPMENT------------------------------------------- 2-12.2.1 Physical Inspection -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-12.2.2 Electrical Inspection ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-1

2.3 EQUIPMENT INSTALLATION ----------------------------------------------------------------- 2-12.3.1 Cooling Considerations --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-12.3.2 Harness and Cable Fabrication ---------------------------------------------------------------- 2-12.3.3 GPS Antenna Installation ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2-22.3.4 Receiver/Display Unit Installation -------------------------------------------------------------- 2-32.3.5 Outside Air Temperature Probe (OAT) "K" Factor ----------------------------------------- 2-4

ILLUSTRATIONS

2-1 Trimble 2000 Approach Pin-out ---------------------------------------------------------------- 2-42-2 GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-20) Installation Drawing --------------------------------------- 2-52-3 ARINC GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-11) Installation Drawing (alternate) --------------- 2-72-4 ARINC 743 Hi Speed GPS Antenna (P/N 81194) Installation Drawing (alternate) 2-92-5 Trimble 2000 Approach Installation Drawing ---------------------------------------------- 2-112-6 Mounting Tray Assembly Drawing ----------------------------------------------------------- 2-132-7 Typical System Interconnection -------------------------------------------------------------- 2-152-8 CDI/HSI Interconnection ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2-172-9 Serial Port Interconnection --------------------------------------------------------------------- 2-19




2.1 GENERAL

This section provides general information for installing the Trimble 2000 Approach GPS Receiver. The cables will befabricated by the installation agency to fit these various requirements. This section contains interconnect diagrams, mountingdimensions, and information pertaining to installation.

2.2 UNPACKING AND INSPECTING EQUIPMENT

2.2.1 Physical InspectionUnpack the equipment carefully and inspect each item for evidence of damage incurred during shipment. If a damageclaim must be filed, save the shipping container and all packing materials to substantiate your claim. The claimshould be properly filed with the transportation company. The shipping container should be saved in the event thatstorage or reshipment of the equipment should become necessary.

2.2.2 Electrical InspectionEach new Trimble 2000 Approach is tested and adjusted during final inspection at Trimble before shipment.Normally, unless damage is evident, it is not necessary to do a pre-installation electrical inspection.

2.3 EQUIPMENT INSTALLATION

2.3.1 Cooling ConsiderationsThe greatest single contributor to increased reliability of avionics is to limit the maximum operating temperature ofthe individual units, whether panel or remote mounted. While circuit designs today consume far less electricalenergy, the watts per cubic inch dissipated within avionics units still remains much the same due to high densitypackaging techniques. Consequently, the importance of providing avionics cooling is essential to the life span ofthe unit.

While each individual unit may or may not require forced air cooling, the combined heat load of several units operatingin a typical avionics location will significantly degrade the reliability of avionics if provisions for cooling are notincorporated in the initial installation. Failure to provide cooling will certainly lead to increased avionics maintenancecosts and may void the Trimble Navigation Warranty.

2.3.2 Harness and Cable FabricationThe installation agency must supply and fabricate all external cables. The length and routing of external cables mustbe carefully studied and planned before proceeding with the installation of the equipment. Avoid sharp bends orrouting the cable too close to aircraft control cables and power sources. When necessary to cross power cables,use shielded cable and cross at right angles. Take special precaution when transitioning pressure envelopes. Usecable to connector sealant. Figure 2-1 is the pin-out diagram and Figure 2-7 is a typical system interconnection.

2Revision B

February 23, 1995


2.3.3 GPS Antenna InstallationThe GPS antenna installation kit is included in all of the shipping kits. The GPS Antenna installation kit contains theGPS Antenna, the GPS antenna cable, and the required connectors. Proper antenna installation is critical to boththe performance of the system and the aircraft's structural integrity.

2.3.3.1 Location

In order to receive transmissions from GPS satellites, the GPS antenna must be in line-of-sight with the satellite.Therefore, the most important factor in GPS antenna installation is determining which location on the fuselageaffords the least amount of airframe blockage. Always mount the antenna on the top of the fuselage, never onthe underside. Also, mount the antenna so that the mounting holes are perpendicular to the line of flight. Selecta mounting location at least three (3) feet away from any transmitting antenna.

On fixed wing aircraft, the best mounting location is usually above the cabin, near the front, and as close to thecenter line as possible.

2.3.3.2 Location Considerations on Rotorcraft

As in fixed wing aircraft, the primary factor in rotorcraft GPS antenna site selection is to minimize airframeblockage. Two other guidelines to be considered in placing the antenna on rotorcraft are listed in order ofimportance below:

A. Install as far from the main rotor hub as possible. At a given RPM, the linear velocity of the bladeincreases as the distance from the rotor hub increases. Since the blade blocks the line-of-sight GPSsatellite signal, the effect will be reduced further away from the rotor hub.

B. If under the blade, get as far below the blade as possible to minimize signal distortions from the bladeedges, which decrease as the distance from the blade increases.

2.3.3.3 Wiring

A GPS cable assembly (P/N 14719-00) is supplied as part of the system. The supplied cable is 20 feet long.An alternate 50 foot long prefabricated cable is available from Trimble (P/N 14719-01). For installations longerthan 50 feet, the installation agency is responsible for the fabrication of the cable (see Section 1.5.2). Theincluded cable assembly is tested prior to shipment and should be used to ensure proper performance. Takecare when routing cable to avoid kinking and sharp bends. If antenna cable is routed through bulkheads, besure to install protective material to avoid chafing.

2.3.3.4 Installation

CAUTIONBefore drilling aircraft fuselage and/or mounting adapter holes to receive the GPS Antenna, make certainthe hole pattern for the antenna is oriented with respect to its forward direction.

After a suitable mounting location is identified, position and affix the adhesive-backed mounting templatesupplied with the antenna, refer to Figures 2-2, 2-3 & 2-4. Drill the holes and install the supplied (or equivalent)antenna doubler. Be sure to remove the mounting template prior to installing the antenna.



Fastening to Fuselage (for 16248-20 & -11 antennas)CAUTION

Do not tighten screws with more than 20 inch-pounds of torque. Damage to antenna will result and voidwarranty. Torque value = 18 2 inch-pounds.

Install screws through antenna, gasket, and aircraft skin into captive nut plates. Tighten the screws to 18 2inch-pounds of torque. Use non-corrosive RTV or similar sealant to seal around antenna base and screw holes.

Fastening to Fuselage (for 81194 antenna)CAUTION

Do not tighten screws with more than 28 inch-pounds of torque. Damage to antenna will result and voidwarranty.

Install screws through antenna and aircraft skin into captive nut plates. Tighten the screws to 26 2 inch-poundsof torque.

2.3.4 Receiver/Display Unit Installation2.3.4.1 Location

Select a mounting location that will allow easy viewing of the unit's display during normal instrument panel scanand allow easy access to the front panel controls. After the desired mounting location is identified, refer toFigures 2-5 and 2-6 for unit outline and mounting dimensions for the unit and the mounting tray. Relocateexisting equipment as necessary.

2.3.4.2 Mounting Tray Installation

Fabricate harness and assemble the tray. Directions for assembly are shown on Figure 2-6.

2.3.4.3 Placard Use

Placard use is dictated by the particular installation. The installation agency is required to fabricate aplacard to label the annunciators, transfer switches, and circuit breakers.

2.3.4.4 Wiring

The external wire supplied by the installing agency should be 22 gauge with the exception of the serialcommunication connections (pins 3, 4, 5, 15, 16, and 17). Serial communication connections require 22 or 24gauge twisted shielded pairs. Refer to pin-out diagram Figure 2-1. For CDI/HSI interconnections, refer to Figure2-8. For Serial Port Interconnections, refer to Figure 2-9.

These considerations should be followed to ensure proper interface.

A. Audio output (pin 20) impedance is 600 . The CDI common (pins 18 and 22) may be used for AudioCommon.

B. The Message annunciator (MSG), pin 23, Hold annunciator (HLD), pin 12, Waypoint Alert annunciator(WPT), pin 24, and Approach annunciator (APR), pin 11 duplicate the annunciators on the front panel.These pins are connected to open-collector transistors which may sink a maximum of 200 mA. Shouldthey be connected to a relay for higher current capability, the relay must have a protection diode placedacross the coil. The pins will be sinking current when the annunciator condition is true.

C. Jumper the Safeguard Enable (pin 21) to the CDI Common (pin 22) at the rack connector to ensureoperation of the theft protection circuit.

D. Serial Port 1 (pins 3, 4, 15, and 16) is designed for signals adhering to the RS-422 standard. If single-ended RS-232 signals are used, an adapter (Trimble P/N 12480-00) should be used to maximize noiseimmunity. The signals will work with most RS-232 devices without an adapter, but at some loss of noiseimmunity.

4Revision A

January 6, 1995


E. Serial Port 2 (pins 5 and 17) is a single-ended TTL output which meets the logic polarity requirementsof RS-232. The port 2 output does not meet all of the requirements of the RS-232 standard, so in someinstallations an adapter (Trimble P/N 12480-00) may be required. If RS-422 differential signals arerequired, an adapter (Trimble P/N 12480-00) must be used.

F. Only a single device may be connected to each serial input port (RXD1 and RXD2). Up to 5 devices maybe connected in parallel to each serial output port (TXD1 and TXD2), provided that all devices in paralleluse the same message format and data rate (e.g., K0 at 9600 baud).

G. Pin 19 will be supplied from the factory as a 14 Vdc or 28 Vdc Superflag driver. A jumper may be movedinside the unit to change pin 19 to provide One Pulse-Per Second (PPS) output. The One PPS outputis a TTL pulse, 1 ms wide, occurring once per second (referenced to CDI common pin 18 or 22). WhenGPS time is available, the leading edge of One PPS is synchronized to GPS time within 1 ms.CAUTION: Do not connect pin 19 directly to GND.

2.3.5 Outside Air Temperature Probe (OAT) "K" FactorIf an Outside Air Temperature Probe is installed, a Temperature Recovery Coefficient, known as the "K" factor,should be set to correct True Airspeed for temperature rise at the probe. The OAT "K" factor is set to 1.0 at the factory.Contact the OAT probe manufacturer for infomation on selecting this value. Refer to the Pilot Guide for instructionson how to set the OAT "K" factor.

Figure 2-1 Trimble 2000 Approach Pin-out

PIN DESCRIPTION

1 ------------------------- Power In (11 - 35 Vdc positive)2 ------------------------- Power In (11 - 35 Vdc positive)3 ------------------------- TXD1- (RS-422)4 ------------------------- RXD1- (RS-422/423/232)5 ------------------------- TXD2- (RS-232/423)6 ------------------------- +TO/-FROM Flag7 ------------------------- +NAV Flag8 ------------------------- +GS Flag -- Future Use9 ------------------------- +Up/-Down -- Future Use10 ------------------------ +Right CDI11 ------------------------ Approach (APR) Annunciator12 ------------------------ Hold (HLD) Annunciator13 ------------------------ Power Ground14 ------------------------ Power Ground15 ------------------------ TXD1+ (RS-422)16 ------------------------ RXD1+ (RS-422/423/232)17 ------------------------ RXD2- (RS-232/423 and TTL)18 ------------------------ TO/+FROM, -Flag, CDI Common19 ------------------------ Superflag/One PPS20 ------------------------ Audio Out - 60021 ------------------------ Safeguard Enable22 ------------------------ + Left, CDI Common23 ------------------------ Message (MSG) Annunciator24 ------------------------ Waypoint Alert (WPT) Annunciator

Revision AJanuary 6, 1995

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Trimble 2000 Approach GPS Receiver

Figure 2-2 GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-20) Installation Drawing

Notes:

1. Installations utilizing this antenna are limited to aircraft not equipped with SatelliteCommunications equipment.

2. Recommended mounting screws are 8-32 UNC stainless steel (4 pl.)


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Figure 2-3 ARINC GPS Antenna (P/N 16248-11) Installation Drawing (alternate)

Notes:

1. Installations utilizing this antenna are limited to aircraft not equipped with SatelliteCommunications equipment.

2. Recommended mounting screws are 8-32 UNF stainless steel (4 pl.)

Revision CJuly 28, 1995

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Figure 2-4 ARINC 743 Hi Speed GPS Antenna (P/N 81194) Installation Drawing (alternate)

Note: The use of this GPS antenna for IFR installations in aircraft equipped with satellitecommunication equipment should be tested to ensure no interference existsbetween the SATCOM equipment and the GPS antenna.


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Figure 2-5 Trimble 2000 Approach Installation DrawingNote: Dimensions shown in parenthesis are in millimeters.


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Figure 2-6 Mounting Tray Assembly Drawing

Assembly Instructions:

1. Press foam tube (4) on to short end of airway tube (3). Insert airway tube into .80inch diameter hole and retain with retaining ring (9).

2. Attach cable retainer bracket (13) to rear panel (2) with #4-40 flat head screw (6).3. Attach 24-pin connector (5) to rear panel (2) with two M2.5 X 10mm pan head screws

(7). Connector floats on mount.4. Assemble GPS connector (8) with washers and nuts provided. Bend lug ring washer

tab to retain hex nut.CAUTION

IMPROPER ASSEMBLY OF GPS CONNECTOR HARDWARE COULD CAUSEINTERMITTENT OPERATION OR LOSS OF GPS SIGNAL RECEPTION.

5. Retain all cables with tie wrap (11)6. Attach rear guard cage (10) with two #4-40 pan head screws (12).7. Attach assembled rear panel (2) to mounting tray (1) with four #4-40 pan head screws

(12).

ITEM NO. P/N DESCRIPTION QTY

1 14420-00 Mounting Tray Assembly 1

2 14423 Rear Panel 1

3 14426 Airway Tube 1

4 16737 Foam Rubber Tube 1

5 16165 24-Pin Connector 1

6 11055 Screw #4-40 X 1/4 PL FH 1

7 16167 Screw M2.5 X 10mm ss 2

8 14719-00 GPS Antenna Cable Kit 1

9 16168 Retaining Ring 1

10 14424 Rear Guard Cage 1

11 80832 Tie Wrap 1

12 10257 Screw #4-40 X 1/4 PL PH 6

13 16169 Cable Retainer Bracket 1


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Figure 2-7 Typical System Interconnection


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Figure 2-8 CDI/HSI Interconnection

CAUTIONConsult all relevant Installation Manuals before wiring!!!

OUTPUTNAME

Trimble2000

Approach

BENDIXKINGKI 202

BENDIXKINGKI 206

BENDIXKINGKI 207

COLLINSIND 350AIND 351A

TERRATRI-NAVC

BENDIXKING

KI 525A(P1)

CENTURYNSD 360ANSD 1000

SIGMA-TEKIU 445

+ RIGHTCDI 10 j j j 12 6 b 18 18

CDICOMMON 22 n n n 11 5 V 17 17

+TO/-FROM 6 e e e 9 --- Z 33 33

+NAV FLAG 7 N N N 7 15 K 8 31

SERIALCOMMON 18 S,F S,F S,F 8,10 11 T,F 7,34 32,34


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Figure 2-9 Serial Port Interconnection (Sheet 1 of 4)


Notes:

1. Should be configured for RS-422communications.

2. The recommended connection is to use aTNL 12480-00 RS-422/232 adapter.However, a direct connection will work inmost installations. See Appendix B forfurther details of the Serial Data Interface.

3. Power and ground connections are shownonly for Trimble products and adapters.

TNL 12480-00 - RS-422/232 Adapter Output Connections for use with Port 1

Trimble 2000 Approach Serial Port 1 Output Connections

SIGNALNAME

Trimble 2000Approach

SHADINAIRDATAADC 200

SHADINMINIFLO-L

SHADINDIGIFLO

ARGUS3000/5000

/7000

STORMSCOPEWX 1000NOTE 1

TXD1+ 15 3 6 J 4 5

TXD1- 3 4 9 H 16 4

CABLESHIELD 13 9 2 D 24 32

SETUP - K0 K0 K0 K0 or ARGUS K0

SIGNALNAME


RS-422/232 ADAPTERTRIMBLE 12480-00

ARTEXELS 10NOTE 2

PC SERIALPORT

(25 PIN D)NOTE 2

PC SERIALPORT

(9 PIN D)NOTE 2RS-422 SIDE RS-232 SIDE

TXD1+ 15 16 - - - -

TXD1- 3 3 3 5 3 2

SERIALCOMMON 18 - 7 2 7 5

CABLESHIELD 13 7 7 2 1 5

AIRCRAFTPOWERNOTE 3

1,2 25 - - - -

AIRCRAFTGROUNDNOTE 3

13,14 7 - - - -

SETUP - - - R0 (ANY) (ANY)


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Notes (cont.):4. Should be configured for RS-232

communications.

5. A few computer interfaces may notrecognize the Port 2 signals. If thisoccurs, an adapter (TNL P/N 12480-00)will be necessary.

6. Must be used to drive or receive signalsfrom any RS-422 device on Port 2.

TNL 12480-00 - RS-422/232 Adapter Output Connections for use with Port 2 (See Note 6)

Trimble 2000 Approach Serial Port 2 Output Connections

SIGNALNAME



SHADINAIRDATAADC 200

SHADINMINIFLO

SHADINDIGIFLO

RS-232 SIDE RS-422 SIDE

TXD2+ - - 14 3 6 J

TXD2- 5 2 2 4 9 H

SERIALCOMMON 18 7 - - - -

CABLESHIELD 13 7 7 9 2 D

AIRCRAFTPOWERNOTE 3

1,2 - 25 - - -


13,14 - 7 - - -

SETUP - - - K0 K0 K0

SIGNALNAME


ARGUS3000/5000

/7000

STORMSCOPEWX 1000NOTE 4

ARTEXELS 10

PC SERIALPORT

(25 PIN D)NOTE 5

PC SERIALPORT

(9 PIN D)NOTE 5

TXD2- 5 16 5 5 3 2

SERIALCOMMON 18 4 3 2 7 5


SETUP - K0 or ARGUS K0 R0 (ANY) (ANY)


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Notes (cont.):7. Most encoders require approximately 10 minutes

to warm-up. Any data output before this periodhas expired may be in error and should not beused. Refer to the appropriate equipment'smanual for more specific information.

8. Serializer connects to the aircraft's existing ModeC encoder and provides the Trimble GPS receiverwith serial altitude information. A serializer isrequired for blind encoders and devices withGray Code outputs.

Trimble 2000 Approach Serial Port 1 Input Connections

TNL 12480-00 - RS-232 Adapter Input Connections for use with Port 1

SIGNALNAME

Trimble2000

Approach

ROSETTASERIALIZER

ARS 50NOTE 7,8

ROSETTAENCODERARS 100NOTE 7

RMIENCODER

NOTE 7

ICARUS3000

SERIALIZERNOTE 7,8

SHADINAIRDATAADC 200NOTE 7

RXD1+ 16 15 15 1 7 11

RXD1- 4 7 7 6 2 12


SETUP - ENCODER ENCODER RMI ENCODER ENCODER

SIGNALNAME



PC SERIALPORT

(25 PIN D)NOTE 2

PC SERIALPORT

(9 PIN D)NOTE 2RS-422 SIDE RS-232 SIDE

RXD1+ 16 14 - 7 5

RXD1- 4 2 2 2 3

SERIALCOMMON 18 - 7 7 5

CABLESHIELD 13 7 7 1 5

AIRCRAFTPOWERNOTE 3

1,2 25 - - -


13,14 7 - - -

SETUP - - - (ANY) (ANY)


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Trimble 2000 Approach Serial Port 2 Input Connections

TNL 12480-00 - RS-422/232 Adapter Input Connections for use with Port 2 (See Note 6)

NOTE: Refer to page 2-19 for note 3, page 2-21 for note 6, andpage 2-23 for notes 7 and 8.

SIGNALNAME


ROSETTASERIALIZER

ARS 50NOTE 7,8

ROSETTAENCODERARS 100NOTE 7,8

RMIENCODER

NOTE 7

PC SERIALPORT

(25 PIN D)

PC SERIALPORT

(9 PIN D)

RXD2- 17 7 7 6 2 3

SERIALCOMMON 18 15 15 1 7 5

CABLESHIELD 13,14 15 15 1 1 5

SETUP - ENCODER ENCODER ENCODER (ANY) (ANY)

SIGNALNAME



ICARUS3000

SERIALIZER NOTE 7,8

SHADINAIRDATA ADC 200RS-232 SIDE RS-422 SIDE

RXD2+ - - 14 7 11

RXD2- 17 2 2 2 12

SERIALCOMMON 18 7 - - -

CABLESHIELD 13 7 7 15 9

AIRCRAFTPOWERNOTE 3

1,2 - 25 - -


13,14 - 7 - -

SETUP - - - ENCODER ENCODER



TABLE OF CONTENTS


3.1 GENERAL------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-1

3.2 SYSTEM CHECKOUT --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-13.2.1 Preliminary test ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-13.2.2 Serial Port Configuration ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-13.2.3 GPS Receiver Tests ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-23.2.4 Analog Interface Check --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-4

3.3 FINAL ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3-53.3.1 Configuration Record Sheet --------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-53.3.2 Flight Manual Supplement ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 3-5

1Revision DNovember 4, 1996



3.1 GENERAL

This section contains installation checkout, system configuration, and basic operating procedures. More detailed operatingprocedures are contained in the Pilot Guide.

3.2 SYSTEM CHECKOUT

3.2.1 Preliminary testBefore the unit is installed and tested, verify the accuracy of the installation. With the unit removed, turn on the powerand verify the following:

1. Verify that Aircraft dc bus voltage is present on pins 1 and 2. Also, if external annunciators are installed, verifythat voltage is present on pins 11, 12, 23, and 24.

2. Verify that ground is present on pins 13 and 14.

3. Verify the continuity between pins 21 and 22.

4. Make sure the mounting tray is securely fastened and properly braced.

5. Verify that the GPS antenna connector is not shorted and demonstrates some play.

When the above conditions are verified, turn off the master power. Slide the unit into the mounting tray and tightenthe locking device. Turn on the unit. During initialization, the unit performs a comprehensive diagnostics routine.A failure of any system component is annunciated by a flashing "Fail" message adjacent to the relevant category.This failure will cause the Message (MSG) annunciator to light and remain lit. Consult the Pilot Guide for moreinformation concerning FAIL messages.

3.2.2 Serial Port Configuration

The Receiver/Display unit requires configuration for each serial port to be utilized. Press the key until theINSTALL submode is activated. The display below is shown briefly.

*INSTALL*

SERIALI/OSETUP

TURNOUTERKNOB

Rotate the small, inner selector knob until the display below is shown.

Rotate the large, outer selector knob until the desired port is shown. Serial port 1 is set to a default value of Encoderand the output is set to a default value of K0. These settings will be correct for most installations. To edit this port,press the key. Choose the field to edit with the large, outer selector knob. Change the settings by rotatingthe small, inner selector knob. Press the key to complete the entry. Refer to the specifications of the connectedhardware to determine the settings. Appendix B of this manual contains more detailed information about the dataformats.

After setting Serial port 1, continue rotating the large outer knob to setup Serial port 2. Serial port 2 is set to a defaultvalue of NONE for input and the output is set to K1.

2Revision D

November 4, 1996


3.2.3 GPS Receiver TestsPrior to performing the GPS receiver test, make sure the aircraft is outside and away from any tall buildings or objectswhich will obstruct the line-of-sight communication between the unit's antenna and the satellites.

3.2.3.1 Satellite Signal Reception

To conduct the GPS receiver tests on units, press the key until the SENSOR STATUS submode isselected. The display below is shown.

*SENSORSTATUS*

Rotate the large, outer selector knob until a display similar to the one below is shown.

This display indicates the number of satellites being tracked (6) as well as identifying each satellite tracked (bynumber). A flashing satellite number indicates a satellite which is being tracked but not being used in the positionsolution. The GPS annunciator on the Trimble 2000 Approach front panel indicates that sufficient satellites arebeing used to provide position updates.

3.2.3.2 Comm Test

Harmonic interference from VHF transmissions on the following frequencies may affect GPS signal reception:

Frequency in MHz121.150121.175121.200131.250131.275131.300

Installations intended for IFR approvals should be tested to ensure no interference is generated by VHFtransmissions.

For each interfering frequency, perform the following test:

1. Tune the VHF radio to the frequency under test.2. While observing the GPS satellites tracked display and internal GPS annunciator, key the VHF transmitter

for 20 seconds.3. If the number of satellites in use drops to the point that GPS navigation is no longer possible (GPS

annunciator illuminates), then too much interference exists between VHF radio and the Trimble 2000Approach.Two common sources of interference are from the VHF radio front panel to the GPS antenna and from theVHF antenna to the GPS antenna.To minimize front panel to antenna interference, ensure that all cabin doors and windows are closed whenperforming the test. This type of interference is also minimized by being away from the ground and groundstructures. If required, the test may be performed in flight. Finally, the location of the GPS antenna mayaffect levels of VHF front panel to GPS antenna interference.

GPSTRACK6:

21819272931

3Revision BFebruary 23, 1995


For VHF antenna to GPS antenna interference, a filter may be inserted in line with the VHF transmissionline.

The following filters are recommended:

After modifying installation as appropriate, repeat steps 1 and 2 for each interfering frequency. If interferencecontinues, please contact Trimble Technical Support at (800) 487-4662 in the USA, (512) 432-0400 elsewhere.

3.2.3.3 GPS Antenna Performance

To check the GPS antenna performance, press the key until the SYSTEM STATUS submode is activated.Rotate the small, inner selector knob until the display below is shown.

Rotate the large, outer selector knob until the display below is shown.

Verify that the GPS antenna current is at least 75 mA and the voltage is at least 4 V for antenna P/N 16248-11.Note: The GPS antenna current value will differ depending on the antenna used.

SPECIFICATIONS FOR LOW PASS FILTERI.L. = 0.4 dB max. @ 140 MHz3 dB cutoff = 539 MHz nominal50 dBc @ 1500 MHzPower: 30 Watts CWSize: 0.5" Dia. X 3.00" T.T.Connectors: BNC female/ male

VENDOR VENDOR P/NFSY MICROWAVE, INC. LC539-7BBM1055 First StreetRockville, MD 20850PH: (301) 294-8950FAX: (301) 294-3007

TRILITHIC 3LC500-3-50-CD9202 East 33rd StreetIndianapolis, IN 46236PH: (800) 344-2412FAX: (317) 895-3613

GPSANTENNA:4V

CURRENT:83mA

INPUTVOLTAGE:14.2V

INTERNALTEMP:45C

4Revision D

November 4, 1996


3.2.4 Analog Interface Check3.2.4.1 CDI Calibration to External Unit

The following procedure will calibrate the internal GPS CDI to an external CDI. Press the key until theINSTALL submode is displayed. Rotate the small, inner selector knob until the display below is shown.

Rotate the large, outer selector knob until the display below is shown.

To continue, press the key. Refer to the display shown below.

Rotate the small, inner selector knob until the CDI is centered. Once it is centered, press the key. Referto the display shown below.

Rotate the small, inner selector knob until the CDI shows full left deflection and press the key.

3.2.4.2 CDI/Annunciator Test

After calibrating the CDI, press the key one additional time. The display below is shown.

The message CDI:5L indicates the external analog CDI should display full left deflection. As the small, innerselector knob is rotated clockwise, the display should indicate where the external CDI is positioned. The cyclestarts at 5L for full left deflection and continues to 5R for full right deflection. If this is incorrect, the calibrationmust be repeated.

SETCDIFULLLEFT

(USEKNOB)(ENT)

TESTCDI#1:5L

(USEKNOB)(ENT)

INSTALL&TESTSETUP

TURNOUTERKNOB

I/OINTERFACECHECK

PRESS(ENT)

SETCDICENTERED

(USEKNOB)(ENT)



After the CDI deflection test has been completed, press the key to display "FLAG: FROM" on the top line,indicating the CDI's FROM flag should be in view. As either selector knob is rotated clockwise, the followingtest conditions will occur:

FLAG: TO TO flag in viewFLAG: OFF NO TO/FROM indicationFLAG: NAV NOT VISIBLE NAV Valid (flag out of view)FLAG: GS NOT VISIBLE GS flag out of view*ANNUNCIATOR: APR Approach annunciator litANNUNCIATOR: HLD Hold annunciator litANNUNCIATOR: MSG Message annunciator litANNUNCIATOR: WPT Waypoint Alert annunciator lit

* The GS flag exist only in the test routine.

Verify that the conditions displayed by the receiver/display unit are identical to the external CDI conditions. Thecomplete sequence must be completed by pressing the key for the CDI calibration to take effect.

3.3 FINAL

3.3.1 Configuration Record SheetThe Configuration Record Sheet, on the following page, is to be completed by the installation agency and attachedto the Pilot Guide. If the system should be reset for any reason, the pilot will have a reference as to how the unit isconfigured.

3.3.2 Flight Manual SupplementAn example of an approved Flight Manual Supplement for the Trimble 2000 Approach will be included in thismanual when available.

6Revision A

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Configuration Record Sheet

Plane Make and Model _____________________________________________

Owner _________________________________________________________

Address __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________

Unit Installed _____________________________________________________

Serial Number ____________________________________________________

Installation Agency ________________________________________________

Address __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________

Serial Port Configuration

PORT FORMAT BAUD RATE

INPUT PORT 1 -

OUTPUT PORT 1

INPUT PORT 2 -

OUTPUT PORT 2

8Revision A

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Page A-1Revision AJanuary 6, 1995


APPENDIX A - RTCA/DO-160C Environmental Qualification Forms

A.1 RECEIVER/DISPLAY UNIT

RTCA/DO 160-CENVIRONMENTAL QUALIFICATION FORM

Nomenclature Trimble 2000 Approach GPS Receiver UnitPart Number 81438-XX

TSO Number C129 (A1)Manufacturer Trimble Navigation LimitedAddress 2105 Donley Drive

Austin, TX 78758USA

CONDITIONS PARA CONDUCTED TESTS

Temperature and Altitude 4.0 Category D1Temperature Variation 5.0 Category CHumidity 6.0 Category AShock 7.0 6 g's, 11 msVibration 8.0 Categories M, N, and BExplosion 9.0 Category X (Not Tested)Waterproofness 10.0 Category X (Not Tested)Fluids Susceptibility 11.0 Category X (Not Tested)Sand and Dust 12.0 Category X (Not Tested)Fungus 13.0 Category X (Not Tested)Salt Spray 14.0 Category X (Not Tested)Magnetic Effect 15.0 Category ZPower Input 16.0 Category BVoltage Spike Conducted 17.0 Category AA-F Conducted Susceptibility 18.0 Category BInduced Signal Susceptibility 19.0 Category ARadio Frequency Susceptibility 20.0 Category X (Not Tested)Emissions of RF Energy 21.0 Category BLightning Induced Transient 22.0 Category X (Not Tested)SusceptibilityLightning direct effects 23.0 Category X (Not Tested)Icing 24.0 Category X (Not Tested)

Page A-2Revision A

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Nomenclature Antenna Assembly, GPS, AirbornePart Number 16248-20

TSO Number C115a, C129Manufacturer Trimble Navigation LimitedAddress 2105 Donley Drive

Austin, TX 78758USA


Temperature and Altitude 4.0 Category F2Temperature Variation 5.0 Category AHumidity 6.0 Category BShock 7.0 6 g's, 11 msVibration 8.0 Categories Y, C, L, M, N, and BExplosion 9.0 Category X (Not Tested)Waterproofness 10.0 Category X (Not Tested)Fluids Susceptibility 11.0 Category X (Not Tested)Sand and Dust 12.0 Category X (Not Tested)Fungus 13.0 Category X (Not Tested)Salt Spray 14.0 Category X (Not Tested)Magnetic Effect 15.0 Category ZPower Input 16.0 Category AVoltage Spike Conducted 17.0 Category AA-F Conducted Susceptibility 18.0 Category AInduced Signal Susceptibility 19.0 Category ZRadio Frequency Susceptibility 20.0 Category WEmissions of RF Energy 21.0 Category ZLightning Induced Transient 22.0 Category X (Not Tested)SusceptibilityLightning direct effects 23.0 Category X (Not Tested)Icing 24.0 Category X (Not Tested)

A.2 GPS ANTENNA

Page A-3Revision AJanuary 6, 1995



Nomenclature ARINC GPS AntennaPart Number 16248-11

TSO Number C129Manufacturer Trimble Navigation LimitedAddress 2105 Donley Drive

Austin, TX 78758USA

Temperature 4.0 Category F2Altitude 5.0 Category F2Humidity 6.0 Category BShock 7.0 6 g's, 11 msVibration 8.0 Categories B, C, L, M, N, and YExplosion 9.0 Category X (Not Tested)Waterproofness 10.0 Category X (Not Tested)Fluids susceptibility 11.0 Category X (Not Tested)Sand and Dust 12.0 Category X (Not Tested)Fungus 13.0 Category X (Not Tested)Salt Spray 14.0 Category X (Not Tested)Magnetic Effect 15.0 Category zPower Input 16.0 Category AVoltage Spike Conducted 17.0 Category AA-F Conducted Susceptibility 18.0 Category AInduced Signal Susceptibility 19.0 Category ZRadio Frequency Susceptibility 20.0 Category WRadio Frequency Emission 21.0 Category ZLightning Induced Transient 22.0 Category X (Not Tested)SusceptibilityLightning Direct Effects 23.0 Category X (Not Tested)Icing 24.0 Category X (Not Tested)


Page A-4Revision A

January 6, 1995




Nomenclature ARINC 743 Hi Speed GPS AntennaPart Number 81194

TSO Number C115a, C129Manufacturer Sensor SystemsAddress 8929 Fullbright Ave.

Chatsworth, CA 91311USA

Temperature 4.0 Category F2Altitude 5.0 Category F2Humidity 6.0 Category BShock 7.0 6 g's, 11 msVibration 8.0 Categories C and LExplosion 9.0 Category X (Not Tested)Waterproofness 10.0 Category SFluids susceptibility 11.0 Category FSand and Dust 12.0 Category DFungus 13.0 Category FSalt Spray 14.0 Category SMagnetic Effect 15.0 Category X (Not Tested)Power Input 16.0 Category X (Not Tested)Voltage Spike Conducted 17.0 Category X (Not Tested)A-F Conducted Susceptibility 18.0 Category X (Not Tested)Induced Signal Susceptibility 19.0 Category X (Not Tested)Radio Frequency Susceptibility 20.0 Category X (Not Tested)Radio Frequency Emission 21.0 Category X (Not Tested)Lightning Induced Transient 22.0 Category X (Not Tested)SusceptibilityLightning Direct Effects 23.0 Category 2AIcing 24.0 Category C

Page B-1



APPENDIX B - Serial Interface Specification

B.1 INTRODUCTION

Serial communication capabilities for the Trimble 2000 Approach are provided by two bi-directional serial communicationports compatible with EIA RS-232 and RS-422 protocols. Different formats may be selected on each port providing the userflexibility in interfacing various systems with the Trimble 2000 Approach.

All information contained in this section is subject to change without notice.

B.2 BASIC COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL DESCRIPTIONS

B.2.1 RS-422The RS-422 protocol uses differential signals with a magnitude in the range of 2-6 volts and a polarity as follows:

Logic 1: The non-inverting (+) signal is negative with respect to the inverting (-) signal (Signal Condition = MARK).

Logic 0: The non-inverting (+) signal is positive with respect to the inverting (-) signal (Signal Condition = SPACE).

RS-422 has the capability of driving up to ten receive devices in parallel from a single transmitter. It can drive longcable lengths and has superior noise immunity.

B.2.2 RS-232The RS-232 protocol specifies a bipolar, unbalanced signal referenced to a common ground (serial common). Forexample, for RS-232D, the polarity is as follows:

Logic 1: The transmitter voltage is between -5V and -15V (Signal Condition = MARK).

Logic 0: The transmitter voltage is between +5V and +15V (Signal Condition = SPACE).

B.2.3 RS-423The RS-423 protocol specifies a bipolar, unbalanced signal referenced only to the transmitter's ground and isreceived differentially. The polarity is as follows:

Logic 1: The transmitter voltage is -4V to -6V (Signal Condition = MARK).

Logic 0: The transmitter voltage is +4V to +6V (Signal Condition = SPACE).

Page B-2Revision A

January 6, 1995


B.3 CONNECTOR PIN ASSIGNMENTS

All interface connections are provided on a 24-pin connector. The following table defines pin numbers, functions, anddescriptions for all serial interface pins utilized on the Trimble 2000 Approach.

PINNUMBER FUNCTION DESCRIPTION

3 TXD1- Transmit Port #1 (RS-422)

4 RXD1- Receive Port #1 (RS-422/423/232)

5 TXD2- Transmit Port #2 (RS-232/423)

15 TXD1+ Transmit Port #1 (RS-422)

16 RXD1+ Receive Port #1 (RS-422/423/232)

17 RXD2- Receive Port #2 (RS-232/423 and TTL)

18 Serial Common Ground Reference for RS-232/423 -- See Note 1

Note:1. Terminate shields on pins 13 or 14 (Aircraft Ground).

Page B-3



B.4 SOFTWARE CONFIGURATION OF SERIAL PORTS

The serial ports may be configured by the user. The following is a list of the available ports:

SERIAL-1 in SERIAL-1 out SERIAL-1 I/O SERIAL-2 in SERIAL-2 out SERIAL-2 I/O

To configure the serial ports of the Trimble 2000 Approach, perform the following steps:

Press the key until the INSTALL submode is activated Rotate the small, inner selector knob until the unit displays SERIAL I/O SETUP in the top line Rotate the large, outer selector knob to select the desired port

To edit the contents of the selected serial port, perform the following steps:

Press the key Rotate the large, outer selector knob to select the desired field to edit Rotate the small, inner selector knob to change the character Repeat the previous two steps until the desired information is displayed Press the key to complete the entry

B.5 RECEIVE PORTS

B.5.1 ConfigurationTwo data formats may be selected to accept input from external altitude encoders, gray-code to serial altitudeconverters, or the RMI (Rocky Mountain Instruments) Encoder Airdata system. To select a data format, refer tosection B.4. The baud rate of each of these formats is automatically set; ENCODER is 9600 baud and RMI is 1200baud.

B.5.2 Encoder Data FormatThe Encoder data format accepts a variety of messages with the following parameters:

Baud: 9600Parity: NoneStart Bit: 1Data Bits: 8Stop Bit: 1Update Rate: 1 msg/sec

The data format is variable and depends upon the device generating the message. Compatible devices includeRosetta Encoders and Serializers (ARS 50 and ARS 100). The simplest compatible format for altitude information

is the following 10 byte ASCII message:

Some examples include: 'ALT 00000' 0 feet'ALT -1200' -1200 feet'ALT 62505' 62,510 feet'ALT 05604' 5,600 feet

BYTE 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

CONTENTS A L T 1 2 3 4 5 c/r

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B.5.3 RMI Data FormatThe Rocky Mountain Instruments Encoder Airdata System transmits a 61-byte ASCII data frame once per second.The RMI configuration consists of the following parameters:

Baud: 1200Parity: NoneStart Bit: 1Data Bits: 8Stop Bit: 1Update Rate: 1 msg/secData Format: 61 byte unpacked BCD data message (See Table below)

BYTENUMBER BYTE NAME DESCRIPTION

01 ID #1 Hex Identifier Byte -- always FFH

02 ID #2 Hex Identifier Byte -- always 80H

03 - 07 IALT Current Indicated Altitude

08 - 12 PALT Pressure Altitude

13 - 17 DALT Density Altitude

18 - 20 KTS Indicated Airspeed in knots

21 - 23 TAS True Airspeed in knots

24 - 26 MACH Indicated Airspeed in MACH

27 - 30 VSI Vertical Speed in fpm (multiplied by 10)

31 - 33 OAT Outside Air Temperature

34 - 36 TAT True Air Temperature

37 - 40 InHg Altimeter Setting (inches Mercury)

41 - 44 Inds Indicator Flags (See Table below)

45 - 61 - Manufacturers Use

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Indicator Byte Table

BITNUMBER BYTE #1 BYTE #2 BYTE #3 BYTE #4

0 FT/ALT CONV FLAP Mb

1 CAL TAS GEAR In Hgdecimal pt

2 HOLD KT FPM -

3 NO IAS TAT -

4 Vno UPATI C -

5 Vne DOWNATI LGT -

6 APP M temp - sign -

7 YES MACHdecimal pt In Hg -

B.5.4 Air Data Computer Format

The Air Data computer transmits once per second using the following parameters:

Baud: 9600Parity: NoneStart Bit: 1Data Bits: 8Stop Bit: 1Update Rate: 1 msg/sec

Air Data messages are accepted when the serial port is set to "ENCODER". A packet consists of a set of ASCIImessage strings. The first character of each packet is an ASCII Start-of-Text (STX = 02H). The last character ofeach packet will be an ASCII End-of-Text (ETX = 03H).

Each message string begins with one ASCII character to identify it as an Air Data message ("Z"). The secondcharacter identifies which message it is. The rest of the string consists of one or more alphanumeric ASCII fields.Each message field ends with a carriage return, line feed (CR = 0D0AH). All numeric fields are ASCII decimal, rightjustified and zero filled. If the Air Data Computer cannot supply data in a particular field, the field is filled with dashes("-" = 2DH). The table on the next page lists the valid message strings.

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Notes:

1. If a packet contains more than one of the same type of message string, the data from thelast message is used.

2. The contents of the Error Log is to be determined.

3. The Packet Checksum is the ASCII representation of the decimal value of the 8-bit,unsigned sum of every byte in the packet excluding the STX, ETX, and the checksummessage string itself.

ITEM FORMAT CONTENTS DESCRIPTION

ZAddd Indicated Air Speed ddd =knots (5 to 385)

ZBddd True Air Speed ddd = knots (40 to 600)

ZCddd Mach Speed ddd = Mach x 1000 (0to 999)

ZDsdddd Pressure Altitude s = sign, dddd = tens offeet (-100 to +5999)

ZEsdddd Density Altitude s = sign, dddd = tens offeet (-800 to +5999)

ZFsdd Outside AirTemperature

s = sign, dd = celsius(-99 to +99)

ZGsdd True Air Temperature s = sign, d = celsius(-99 to +99)

ZHddd Wind Direction ddd = magneticdegrees (0 to 359)

ZIddd Wind Speed ddd = knots (0 to 150)

ZJsdd Rate of Turn s = sign, dd =degrees/second (-20 to+20)

ZKsddd Vertical Speed s = sign, ddd = tens offeet/minute (-600 to+600)

ZLddd Heading ddd = magneticdegrees (0 to 359)

ZMdddd Right Engine FuelFlow

dddd = gal/hr (0 to999.9)

ZNddddd Right Engine FuelUsed

dddd = gallons (0 to9999.9)

ZOdddd Left Engine Fuel Flow dddd = gal/hr (0 to999.9)

ZPddddd Left Engine Fuel Used ddddd = gallons (0 to9999.9)

ZQddd Error Log ddd = number (0 to255)

ZRddd Packet Checksum ddd = number (0 to255)

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B.6 TRANSMIT PORTS

B.6.1 ConfigurationTransmit Ports 1 and 2 (TXD1 and TXD2) provide interface capability with a variety of peripheral devices such asmoving maps and fuel flow computers, as well as providing data to users for custom applications. Adapters areavailable for each port to provide RS-422 and/or RS-232 signals. No hand-shaking lines are provided.

Six data formats are available for use and may be selected in the INSTALL submode of the AUX mode (See SectionB.4). These formats are RNAV 0 and 1 (R0 and R1), King 0 and 1 (K0 and K1), and Extended King 0 and 1 (X0 andX1). Formats R0 and R1 may be set to any baud rate (from 1200 baud to 38.4 kbaud, excepting 19.2 kbaud) whileformats K0, K1, X0, and X1 may only be set to 9600 baud or 38.4 kbaud. The update rate may be set from 1 to 999seconds for any of the formats. The only exception is if the baud rate is 1200. For this case, the maximum updaterate is 2 seconds.

The data stream is a string of ten-bit serial ASCII characters consisting of one start bit, eight data bits, and one stopbit. No parity is generated.

Data messages begin with an ASCII Start of Text (STX) character and end with an End of Text (ETX) character. Asingle alphabetic character precedes each data element.

The data output format is as follows: ....

Where: STX = ASCII Start of Text Characterid = Item Designator (Single Alphabetic Character)dddd = Item Datait = Item Terminator: (CR) or (CR)(LF)ETX = ASCII End-of-Text Character

B.6.2 R0 and R1 Data FormatsData output is identical for both formats with the exception of the end of line codes. R0 is output with a carriage return(CR) denoting the end of the line. R1 is output with both a carriage return (CR) and a line feed (LF) at the end of aline.

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INFORMATION OUTPUT

Latitude (LAT) North or South degrees

Longitude (LON) East or West degrees

Track (TK) Magnetic degrees

Ground Speed (GS) Knots

Distance to Destination Waypoint (DIS) Nautical miles

Estimated Time Enroute (ETE) Hours and Minutes

Cross-Track Error (XTK) Right or Left nautical miles

Track Angle Error (TKE) Right or Left degrees

Desired Track (DTK) Degrees (Mag or True)

Active Leg Number (LEG) Flight Plan Leg Number,Direct = 21, Heading = 22

Destination Waypoint Identifier (IDENT) ASCII Characters

Bearing To Destination Waypoint (BRG) Degrees

Parallel Offset (PTK) Right or Left nautical miles

Estimated Position Error Nautical miles

Magnetic Variation East or West degrees

Time Since Solution Seconds and tenths

Warnings Character in Designated Field

Minimum Safe Altitude (MSA) Thousands of feet

Minimum Enroute Safe Altitude Thousands of feet

Date Month, day and Year

Time of Day Hours minutes and seconds

Software Code Six digit number

The following information is output:

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The following table describes the contents of the R0 and the R1 data formats:

ITEMDESIGNATOR ITEM FORMAT

FIELDWIDTH ITEM DESCRIPTION

A N dd mmmm 9 LAT (N or S, deg, min x 100)

B W ddd mmmm 10 LON (E or W, deg, min x 100)

C ddd 3 TK (deg)

D sss 3 GS (kts)

E dddddd 6 DIS (nm x 100)

F hhmm 4 ETE (hrs and mins)

G Lnnnn 5 XTK Error (L or R, nm x 100)

H Ldddd 5 TKE (L or R, deg x 10)

I dddd 4 DTK (deg x 10)

J ll 2 LEG

K ccccc 5 IDENT

L dddd 4 BRG (deg x 10)

M Lnnnn 5 PTK (L or R, nm x 10)

P nnn 3 Estimated Pos Error (nm x 100)

Q Eddd 4 VAR (E or W, deg x 10)

c ttt 3 Time Since Last Solution (s x10)T ---A------- 11 Warnings in Effect

d fff 3 MSA (kft x 10)

e fff 3 MESA (kft x 10)

i mm/dd/yy 8 Date

j hh:mm:ss 8 Time

s cccccc 6 Software Code

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Where:

aaaaaaaa ASCII characters of five-character ID

Note:A value of 7FH in byte 2 indicates that the waypoint identifier is unknown and bytes 2through 6 should be ignored.

Where:

x undefined (set to zero)l 1 if last waypoint of flight plana 1 if waypoint is active destinationnnnnn Sequential waypoint number, Unsigned Binary

Bytes 2 through 6 -- Waypoint Identifier

B.6.3 K0 and K1 Data FormatsThe K0 and the K1 formats present all the R0 and R1 information explained in the last section. In addition, the K0and K1 formats add flight plan information. Each waypoint is sent as a separate line terminated with a CR (for K0)and a CR, LF (for K1). The waypoint data lines are followed by a line of waypoint type identifiers. If no flight planis active, no flight plan data will be transmitted.

wdd

w Flight plan item designatordd Sequential waypoint number (ASCII)binary data 15 bytes of flight plan information

The binary data contains the following information:

Byte 1 -- Sequence Number

BYTE 1

BIT 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

CONTENTS x l a n n n n n

BYTE 2 3 4

BIT 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

CONTENTS a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a

BYTE 5 6

BIT 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

CONTENTS a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a

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Bytes 7 through 13 -- Latitude/Longitude

Latitude and longitude of waypoint. Packed, unsigned binary values for degrees, minutes and hundredths ofminutes.

BYTE 7 8 9

BIT 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

CONTENTS s d d d d d d d x x m m m m m m x h h h h h h h

Where:s 0 if North latitude

1 if South latitudex undefined (set to zero)ddddddd Latitude degreesmmmmmm Latitude minuteshhhhhhh Latitude hundredths of minutes

BYTE 10 11 12

BIT 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

CONTENTS s x x x x x x x d d d d d d d d x x m m m m m m

BYTE 13

BIT 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

CONTENTS x h h h h h h h

Where:s 0 if East longitude

1 if West longitudex undefined (set to zero)ddddddd Longitude degreesmmmmmm Longitude minuteshhhhhhh Longitude hundredths of minutes

Note:A value of 7FH in byte 7 indicates that latitude and longitude are not presently availableand bytes 7 through 13 should be ignored.

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Where:nnnnnnnn Magnetic variation at waypoint.

Twos complement binary in sixteenths of degrees. Easterly variation is positive.

Note:A value of 7FH in byte 14 indicates that magnetic variation is not presently available andbytes 14 and 15 should be ignored.

t Waypoint Type

This indicates the type of waypoints in the flight plan according to flight plan order (e.g., Airport, VORs, NDBs,Intersections, or User). The number of waypoints in the flight plan determines the number of bytes in this field (5waypoints in the flight plan makes this field 5 bytes long). The format is as follows:

t nnn...

The following values are acceptable for "n":

a Airport, Public Usem Military Baseh Heliports Seaplane Basev VORn NDBi Intersectionu User Defined

Bytes 14 and 15 -- Magnetic Variation

BYTE 14 15

BIT 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

CONTENTS n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n

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INFORMATION OUTPUT

Position and Speed North or south degrees latitudeEast or west degrees longitudeGround speed in knots

Altitude GPS altitude in feetPressure altitude in feetBarometric altitude in feet

Track Magnetic track in degreesDesired track in degreesLeft or right cross-track in nmLeft or right track angle error indegrees

Vertical Navigation Rate of climb or descentDesired rate of climbVertical error from profileVertical angle error

Waypoint BRG/DIS/TIM Distance to waypoint in nmBearing to waypoint in degreesTime to waypoint

Local time Data time tagOffset from GMT

Parallel offset Left or right offset in nm

Extended Time Time in hours, minutes,seconds, and milliseconds

Extended Time SinceSolution

Time since last position fix inhours, minutes, seconds, andmilliseconds

Sensor mode Sensor in use (GPS, LORAN,Differential GPS, or None)GPS mode and # of satellitesusedLORAN, # transmitters used

B.6.4 X0 and X1 FormatsThe X0 and X1 formats contain all of the items of the K0 and K1 formats plus the following additional items. No fieldwidth is set for any of the items. The fields are separated by one or more blanks. The decimal point is included forthose items listing fractional units. Leading zeros and a space between the item designator are optional and maynot appear on some items. All fields are in ASCII. Any item designator not specified is reserved for Trimble use.

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Where:abbbb.b Actual VNAV + or - (a), feet/minute (bbbb.b)cdddd.d Desired VNAV + or - (c), feet/minute (dddd.d)efffff.ff Vertical Error + or - (e), feet (fffff.f)gh Vertical Angle Error + or - (g), degrees (h)

The following data is output:Position and Speed

Where:a bb cc.cccc Current Latitude N or S (a), degrees (bb), minutes (cc.cccc)d eee ff.ffff Current Longitude E or W (d), degrees (eee), minutes (ff.fff)ggg.g Ground Speed in knots

Altitude

Where:aaaaa.a GPS computed altitudebbbbb.b Pressure altitudeccccc.c Barometric altitude

Track

Where:aaa.aa Magnetic Track in degreesbbb.bb Desired Track in degreescdd.ddddd Cross Track Error L or R (c), nautical miles (dd.ddddd)efff.ff Track Angle Error L or R (e), degrees (fff.ff)

Vertical Navigation

ITEMDESIGNATOR INFORMATION ITEM FORMAT

n Vertical Navigation (Actual,Desired, Vertical Error fromProfile, and Vertical Angle Error)

abbbb.b cdddd.d efffff.f ghh.hh


m Track (Magnetic, Desired,Cross-Track Error, and TrackAngle Error

aaa.aa bbb.bb cdd.ddddd efff.ff


k Position and Speed a bb cc.cccc d eee ff.ffff ggg.g


l Altitude (GPS, Pressure, andBarometric)

aaaaa.a bbbbb.b ccccc.c

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o Bearing, Distance, and Time toWaypoint

aaaa.aaaaa bbb.bbb cc:dd:ee

Distance/Bearing/Time to Waypoint

Where:aaaa.aaaaa Distance to Waypoint in nmbbb.bbb Bearing to Waypoint in degreescc:dd:ee Time to Waypoint in hours (cc), minutes (dd), and seconds (ee)

Data Time Tag/Local Offset


p Data Time Tag and Local GMTOffset

aa:bb:cc.ccc dee.e

Where:aa:bb:cc Data Time Tag in hours (aa), minutes (bb), and seconds (cc)dee.e Local Time Offset + or - (d), time in hours (ee.e)

Parallel Offset

Where:abbb.bbbb Parallel Offset L or R (a), nautical miles (bbb.bbbb)

Extended Time

Where:aa:bb:cc.ccc Extended Time hours (aa), minutes (bb), and seconds (cc.ccc)


q Parallel Offset abbb.bbbb


r Extended Time aa:bb:cc.ccc

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Extended Time Since Solution

Where:aa.aaa Extended Time Since Solution in seconds

Sensor Mode


z Sensors Mode a GPS-bbc LOR:d

Where:a Sensor in Use -- Possible values are G (GPS), L (LORAN), D (Differential GPS),

or - (No Position Fix)GPS-bbc GPS Mode (bb) and Number or satellites used for position fix (c). (bb) may be 2D,

3D, or 0D. (c) is an integer number.LOR:d LORAN Mode, number of transmitters used in fix (d), integer number.


u Extended Time Since Solution aa.aaa

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B.6.5 Data Output Format ExampleThe following is an example of the data output for the R0 and R1 formats. It is also the first part of the K0, K1, X0,and X1 formats.

EXAMPLE DESCRIPTION

AN 37 2164 LAT North 37 21.64 min

BW 121 5516 LON West 121 55.16 min

C137 TK 137

D128 GS 128 knots

E071227 DIS 712.27 nm

F0534 ETE 5 hrs, 34 min

GR0018 XTK 0.18 nm Right

HR0003 TKE 0.3 Right

I1384 DTK 138.4

J11 Active Leg #11

KAUS Destination Waypoint AUS

L1389 BRG 138.9

M0000 PTK 0.0 nm

P001 Position Error 0.1 nm

QE158 Magnetic Variation 15.8 East

c001 Time Since Last Solution 0.1sec

T----------- No Warnings are Present

d057 MSA 5,700 ft

e059 MESA 5,900 ft

i10/19/89 Date October 19, 1989

j13:52:12 Time 13:52:12 UTC

s020000 Software Code 020000

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The following is an example of the flight plan information contained in the K0, K1, X0 and X1 formats.

EXAMPLE DESCRIPTION

w01aAUS aaaaaaaa Waypoint #1, AUS

w02bDFW bbbbbbbb Waypoint #2, DFW

... ...

wnnxMCI xxxxxxxx Last Waypoint, MCI

t aavavu... Waypoint Types (one for everywaypoint in the flight plan)

The following is an example of the additional information contained only in the X0 and X1 formats.

EXAMPLE DESCRIPTION

kN 37 21.64728 W 121 55.16121 128.3 Current Latitude N 3721.64728'

l 10312.4 ------- ------ GPS Altitude 10,312.4 feet

m 137.42 138.4 R0.18 R0.31 Magnetic Track 137.42Desired Track 138.4Cross-Track Error Right 0.18 nmTrack Angle Error Right 0.31

n +0.0 ---- ---- ---- No Vertical Navigation

o 712.27314 138.942 5:34:15 D

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