Tree Breeding for Forest Health Current Successesnas-sites.org/dels/files/2017/11/Richard-Sniezko-Presentation-For-PARO.pdf · Tree Breeding for Forest Health – Current Successes

Tree Breeding for Forest Health ndash Current Successes

How can Biotechnology Help

RSniezko- NAS Biotechnology for Forest Healthy Dec 12 2017 webinar httpnas-sitesorgdelsstudiesforest-biotech 7 -

Richard A Sniezko

USDA Forest Service

Dorena Genetic Resource Center

Cottage Grove OR

rsniezkofsfedus

Western white pine amp White pine blister rust

Port-Orford-cedar amp Phytophthora lateralis

Information Brief

bull Requested Overview my work in breeding trees to address forest health concerns

bull What gaps if any exist in traditional breeding that may be addressed by biotechnology

bull What are the logistics of apply biotechnology tools in the content of tree breeding


Invasion

Chestnut blight

White pine blister rust

1000 canker disease

Sudden oak death

Phytophthora cinnamomi

WHO ARE YOU

GOING CALL

USDA Forest Service

-Genetics amp FHP

amp partners

Solution

CLIMATE

CHANGE


Phytophthora austrocedrae

Rapid ohia death

Saving the Forests ndash ACTION NEEDED

bull Exclude new pests or pathogens

bull Confine spread or eradicate

bull Biocontrol

bull Silvicultural management

bull Harness Genetic Resistance bull RestorationReforestation needed

RSniezko- NAS Biotechnology for Forest Healthy Dec 12 2017 webinar httpnas-sitesorgdelsstudiesforest-biotech 7 - lsquoEarly detection ndash Rapid Response ndash more tools needed

Envision the Future

bull How to help shape the future for society bull Do nothing

bull Do something

bull Genetics is the key

or

Dying forest Healthy forest


GOAL

bull Want trees to be on the landscape for 100rsquos of years

bull And be progenitors of future generations

bull Donrsquot want start massive restoration effort with lsquotemporaryrsquo resistance

bull (eg any non-durable major gene resistances)

bull Use all available types of resistance



Research

Tree Improvement Reforestation or

Restoration

Management Commitment over Time

SUCCESS

Using Genetics for Forest Health - The road to success

Successful program takes several components ndash all must be present Partnerships public support and lsquotimersquo also essential Continuity essential ndash long-term commitments can be vital

Time

BACKGROUND

26 years in AppliedOperational Development of

Resistance - For Restoration or Reforestation

bull EXISTING PROGRAMS

ndash WHITE PINE BLISTER RUST ndash 8 western NA species of 5-needle (lsquowhitersquo) pines ndashWWP amp SP since 1991

ndash PHYTOPHTHORA ROOT DISEASE ndash Port-Orford-cedar (since ~1993 designedinitiated operational program in 1997)

ndash KOA WILT ndashkoa (designedinitiated in 2003)

bull POSSIBLE NEW PROGRAMS ndash Sudden oak death (SOD) ndash tanoak

ndash Rapid lsquoŌhilsquoa death (ROD) - lsquoŌhilsquoa

bull Dorena GRC program has been active for 51 years

RSniezko- NAS Biotechnology for Forest Healthy Dec 12 2017 webinar httpnas-sitesorgdelsstudiesforest-biotech 7

-

Solution GENETIC RESISTANCE

bull lsquoGreenrsquo natural solution to a disease problem

bull Is there genetic resistance ndash Is there lsquotolerancersquo

ndash Resistance vs tolerance

bull What types and levels of resistance are available

bull What level is needed

bull What level is achievable

bull Correlations with other adaptive traits

bull Impacts of climate change on resistance

bull Is it durable resistance

bull Tree Improvement ndash producing seed

RSniezko- NAS Biotechnology for Forest

Healthy Dec 12 2017 webinar httpnas-sitesorgdelsstudiesforest-biotech 7 -

RESISTANCE North American Examples

bull Major Gene Resistance

ndash Sugar pine (Kinloch)

ndash Western white pine (BarnesSniezkoKinloch)

ndash Southwestern white pine amp limber pine (KinlochSniezko)

ndash Port-Orford-cedar (Sniezko)

bull Quantitative Resistance (partial resistance)

ndash All 9 NA white pine species (HoffSniezkoKinlochhellip)


bull Otherunknown

ndash Koa (DudleySniezko) RSniezko- NAS Biotechnology for

Forest Healthy Dec 12 2017 webinar httpnas-

sitesorgdelsstudiesforest-biotech 7 -

virulence in pathogen (vcr1 vcr2) now limits utility in some areas

Major Gene Resistance (Single dominant gene)

Partial Resistance (quantitative resistance)

MORTALITY (family means) in Resistance Trial


greenhouse root dip test

Resistance Types and Levels (Note generally no 100 resistant orchard mixes)


The fate of Major Gene Resistance in forestry

FIELD TRIALS ARE ESSENTIAL ndash Region 6 has largest array of field trials of

any program in NA (for resistance to non-native pathogen-native forest

trees) Long-term field trials are essential part of resistance program

Conclusion 1

bull Tree Breeding is the key

ndash Is Biotech useful wo tree breedingtree

improvement support bull NO ndash need integrating not piecemeal solution

ndash More support for Tree Breeding is needed bull Very precarious status

bull More Support for Tree Breeding (resistance) institutes needed ndash or no need for biotech

bull One model Dorena GRC ndash 50 years celebration in 2016


Conclusion2 bull Tree Breederrsquos Biotech tool lsquowishrsquo list

ndash Help define what is durable resistance

ndash Develop biomarkers for rapid resistance evaluation

ndash Speed up breeding (lsquoinsertrsquo geneshellip)

ndash Use lsquonewrsquo of genes (chestnut example) properly vetted

ndash Tools to help determine genetic control amp mechanisms of resistance ndash are similar phenotypes controlled by same genesalleles

ndash Develop biocontrols Utility of endophytes hellip in combination with quantitative resistance

And needs to be inexpensive easy to use hellip RSniezko- NAS Biotechnology for Forest


What is the timeframe for breeding a tree to address

pestpathogen pressures

bull Depends on the species

ndash And level of resistance lsquoneededrsquo ndash And when lsquoseriousrsquo effort is made

bull Depends on the background research ndash Port-Orford-cedar example

bull Original thought lsquo NO RESISTANCErsquo

ndash Whitebark pine example bull Originally thought lsquoMOST SUSCEPTIBLE SPECIESrsquo

ndash Koa example ndash Sugar pine amp western white pine examples


RSniezko- NAS Biotechnology for Forest Healthy Dec 12 2017 webinar

httpnas-sitesorgdelsstudiesforest-biotech 7 -

Maunawili Trial 07-01

Percentage Mortality OVERALL for 23

FamiliesProvenances

provenance

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24

m

ort

ality

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Maunawili provenance trial Oahu Koolau Mts

a-c

a-c

cd

d

b-d

a-d

a

a-d

a-c

a-d

a-c

a-d

a-d

a-c

d

a-c

ab

a-d

a-d

a-d

a-d

a-c

TIMELINE 1999 koa provenance trial at Maunawillli

2003 Sniezko R 2003 Potential for selecting

for genetic resistance to F oxysporum (koa

wilt) in koa for conservation restoration and

utilization in Hawaii Trip Report (8232003)

Cottage Grove OR USDA Forest Service Dorena

Genetic Resource Center 13 p

2007 First inoculation trial confirmation of

Acacia koa family variation in resistance to

FOXY the putative causative agent of koa wilt in

Hawaii (Dudley Sniezko James Cannon unpub)

2008-2017 Evaluate 100rsquos of families setup seed

orchards setup seed zones produce first seed

PROBLEM SOLVED

Limitation Continuity of Funding amp staff

How fast can a program proceed

KOA WILT RESISTANCE


What are the effects of traditional

breeding on local genetic diversity and

local adaptation in forests

LITTLE OR NONE (if done right and lucky)

Do those effects differ and if so how

from the effects of genetic engineering

on local genetic diversity and local

adaptation in forests

POSSIBLY but minimized if GE efforts fully engaged

with tree breeders at a very early stage


OBJECTIVE

White pine blister rust resistant

whitebark pine seed that is

1) Resistant to WPBR

2) Locally adapted

3) Genetically diverse

(seed from parent trees in forest or

from orchards)

NOTE only Oregon amp Washington portion of geographic range is shown ndash programs vary somewhat by Region

WHITEBARK PINE (white pine blister rust resistance)

Make selections from each zone


OBJECTIVE

1) Phytophthora lateralis

resistant seed

2) adapted to planting areas

3) genetically diverse

13 Breeding Zones

Selections within each

breeding zone

- over 14000 selections

Goal Seed Orchards for

each BZ

PORT-ORFORD-CEDAR (Phytophthora root disease resistance)


Do you see new or different risks presented

by using genetic engineering in trees to

address pestpathogen pressures versus

using traditional breeding

Do properly ndash no shortcut for commercial or publication expediency

Aim for lsquodurablersquo resistance

Fully integrate with traditional breeding program ndash hopefully from early stage

Need to field test over long-term

MAYBE

Example USFSrsquos Dorena Genetic Resource Center

bull Lead role in development of applied resistance

bull USDA Forest Service amp Cooperators

bull gt50 year history and continuity (50th in 2016)

bull Interface between Research and RestorationReforestation

bull Works closely with Forest Health Protection amp partners

bull Examines all types of resistance simultaneously

bull Facilitates the development of resistance in useable form


USDA Forest Service -- Dorena Genetic Resource Center


whitebark

limber

WWP

Sugar pine

Strategy

bull Simultaneously evaluate both MGR and Partial Resistance

bull Aim for long-term effectiveness

bull More difficult and longer term seedling trials

bull Unknown at onset what types exist bull And may vary geographically in the range of the species

bull Field validation needed

bull Incorporate both types into orchard production population

bull Breed to increase level and mix of resistances

bull Maintain Genetic Variability

bull Maintain Adaptability



The proportion of western white pine (Pinus monticola) trees from 12 families with stem symptoms over time in one field trial in western

Oregon Family 4 is a susceptible control Families 11 amp 12 have major gene resistance but a virulent race of white pine blister rust pathogen is

known to be present in this area (graph from Figure 2 Sniezko et al 2012b) Note not all lsquoinfectedrsquo trees will die

How much resistance is there Is it durable

Infection over time

WPBR example

ONLY A SUBSET OF TREES FROM ORCHARDS WILL BE RESISTANT

Port-Orford-cedar (a) tree in urban area (b) large healthy tree in southern Oregon (c) dead trees in forest along a creek in southwest Oregon (d) dead and dying trees along Highway 101 in southwest Oregon (e) resistant parent tree (510015) surrounded by dead Port-Orford-cedar (Photo credits Richard Sniezko a to d Chuck Frank e) [from Figure 1 Sniezko et al 2012]

Port-Orford-cedar (Chamaecyparis lawsoniana)


Phytophthora lateralis

resistance

Original investigators

determined there was

no resistance but

turned out wrong

Operational breeding

program started in ~1996

(FHP proposal)

Both MGR and

quantitative resistance

present (Sniezko)


Durability of resistance (survival) to Phytophthora lateralis over time for 16 Port-Orford-cedar families at Foggy Eden

trial in western Oregon (graph adapted from Figure 3 Sniezko et al 2012)

DURABILITY of P lateralis Resistance ndash FIELD RESULTS

Family variation in survival over time

Extreme genetic variation in field resistance

Restoring Port-Orford-cedar using resistance to Phytophthora lateralis

1)Selectbreed for resistance 2) Maintain genetic diversity 3) Use adapted seed sources

SUCCESS

SOLUTION

PROBLEM

Photo C Frank


WHITEBARK PINE

July 2011 ndash status under

Endangered Species Act

US Fish amp Wildlife Service agreed that the whitebark pine a wide-ranging tree species found on mountain tops in much of western North America faces an imminent risk of extinction The species was found warranted for protection but currently precluded due to limited budgets Development of genetic resistance at Dorena Genetic Resource Center and elsewhere is a key step to successfully restoring the species in many areas



Partnerships in the Pacific Northwest help save an endangered species

whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) an example of dynamic genetic conservation

httpswwwfsfeduspnwpubspnw_gtr963_065pdf

Cankering ndash Whitebark pine families in SY2007R3 ndash early data



What level of blister rust resistance is there

Large differences among families


Surprisingly high levels of genetic

resistance to the non-native rust exist

(in some areas)

o Example in map below where

parent trees have been inoculated

with the disease and given a

lsquoGradersquo of A-F where A indicates

higher level of resistance and F

indicates low resistance

Region 6 has the highest levels of

resistance in whitebark pine recorded

to date

Restoration plantings have begun on

FS amp NPS lands

Is there GEOGRAPHIC

VARIATION in occurrence of

Genetic Resistance

Results shown are from SY2007 trial at USFS R6

Dorena Genetic Resource Center (Sniezko

unpublished) v10 Draft

Contact Richard Sniezko rsniezkofsfedus for

more information


Genetic variation among seed sources in percentage of seedlings with early blister rust stem symptoms ~15 months post-inoculation The number of half-sib families represented in each seed source mean is indicated above the bar (varies from 1 to 42) The 18 Oregon and Washington sources refer to individual National Forest National Park and Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs boundaries from which the seedlots were collected (Sniezko unpub)

WHITBARK PINE - Resistance to white pine blister rust

GENETICS IN ACTION Whitebark pine restoration at Crater Lake National Park

Develop resistant populations Maintain genetic diversity Maintain genetic adaptability Plant seedlings

PROBLEM

SOLUTION

SUCCESS


Restoration planting at Crater Lake National Park (also a genetic resistance lsquovalidationrsquo trial) Opportunity for public outreach amp conservation education




NEEDED

Tools to fast-

track resistance

development


The logistics of applying that tool in the context of tree breeding

- need to incorporate genetic diversity amp adaptability

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

How does a tree breeder think about environmental risk What is

known about the harm fromrisk of traditional breeding

What type of risk analysis is done for trees that result from

traditional breeding

What is the federal and state regulatory oversight of traditionally

bred trees

To your knowledge when traditional tree breeding has been used to

address a pest or pathogen threat have there been unintended

consequences

Using seeds directly from existing parent trees or their early generation selected progeny ndash no new genes ndash increasing frequency of rare genes - - Field trials help confirm lsquono riskrsquo Progeny tests amp Provenance trials may give some indications

IMMEDIATE NEED

Forest Genetics Research

and

Seedling Production CapacityInfrastructure

Gap Forest Service genetics and breeding capacity has been declining rapidly for the last 30 years especially in the East Midwest and Rocky Mountain Regions Less so in South amp Pacific Northwest (Wheeler et al 2015 The Evolution of Forest Genetics and Tree

Improvement Research in the United States J For 113)

To develop amp deploy regionally adapted genetically diverse planting stock with durable resistance


Applied Resistance Programs

Benefit

bull Sometimes only feasible solution

bull Solution oriented bull Public support bull Tool ndash can be combined

with silviculture etc bull lsquoGreenrsquo solution

bull Organic bull Sustainable bull Little or no side-effects

hellipbut

bull Sometimes long-term

bull Sometimes uncertain outcome

bull Not Inexpensive

RSniezko- NAS Biotechnology for Forest Healthy Dec 12 2017 webinar httpnas-


SUCCESSES

According to the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species the species status of Port-Orford-cedar which was listed as lsquovulnerablersquo in 2000 has been downgraded to lsquonear threatenedrsquo as of 2013 with anticipation that it will be listed as a species of lsquoleast concernrsquo within 10 years if current conservation actions including planting resistant seedlings are successful and maintained (Farjon 2013) Whitebark pine has been proposed for listing under the US Endangered Species Act The threats to the species are ongoing and therefore imminent and are now moderate in magnitude The identification of genetic resistance to WPBR is one of the factors that has recently led to a downgrading of listing priority number (LPN) from 2 to 8 for whitebark pine in 2015 (USFS 2015hellip) The status of the species is reviewed annually Restoration with resistant seedlings will increase the level of WPBR resistant whitebark pine


programs are ongoing to increase resistance in all breeding zones etc but genetic resistance has been identified and is being used in first restoration andor reforestation efforts


The 6th International Workshop on the Genetics of Tree-Parasite Interactions Tree Resistance to Insects and Diseases Putting Promise into Practice

Welcome Make plans to attend the 6th International Workshop on the Genetics of Tree-Parasite Interactions on August 5 - 10 2018 in Mt Sterling OH USA For more information contact Jennifer Koch or Richard Sniezko

httpstreeresistance2018caukyedu

Possible discussion topic (Role of Biotechnology) at

Acknowledgments

bull Funding from US Forest Service Region 6 Forest Health Protection and Genetic Resources Programs

bull All Cooperators partners amp colleagues

bull Co-workers at Dorena GRC

bull Photos Michael Murray Molly Oppliger Chuck Frank Scott Kolpak Richard Sniezko

bull Jennifer Koch (USDA FS ndash NRS) for many discussions over the years


References

bull Sniezko RA Koch J 2017 Breeding trees resistant to insects and diseases putting theory into application Biol Invasions 19(11)3377-3400 doi101007s10530-017-1482-5

bull Sniezko RA Smith J Liu J-J Hamelin RC 2014 Genetic Resistance to Fusiform Rust in Southern Pines and White Pine Blister Rust in White PinesmdashA Contrasting Tale of Two Rust PathosystemsmdashCurrent Status and Future Prospects Forests 2014 5 2050-2083 doi103390f5092050

bull Sniezko RA 2006 Resistance breeding against nonnative pathogens in forest trees mdash current successes in North America Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology 28 S270ndashS279



Information Brief

bull Requested Overview my work in breeding trees to address forest health concerns

bull What gaps if any exist in traditional breeding that may be addressed by biotechnology

bull What are the logistics of apply biotechnology tools in the content of tree breeding


Invasion

Chestnut blight


1000 canker disease

Sudden oak death


WHO ARE YOU

GOING CALL

USDA Forest Service

-Genetics amp FHP

amp partners

Solution

CLIMATE

CHANGE



Rapid ohia death




bull Biocontrol




Envision the Future


bull Do something


or



GOAL








Research


Restoration


SUCCESS



Time

BACKGROUND











-























bull Otherunknown
















Conclusion 1






























FamiliesProvenances

provenance

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24

m

ort

ality

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100


a-c

a-c

cd

d

b-d

a-d

a

a-d

a-c

a-d

a-c

a-d

a-d

a-c

d

a-c

ab

a-d

a-d

a-d

a-d

a-c














PROBLEM SOLVED



KOA WILT RESISTANCE













OBJECTIVE




2) Locally adapted



from orchards)





OBJECTIVE


resistant seed



13 Breeding Zones


breeding zone



each BZ











MAYBE












whitebark

limber

WWP

Sugar pine

Strategy
















Infection over time

WPBR example






resistance



no resistance but

turned out wrong



(FHP proposal)

Both MGR and


present (Sniezko)









SUCCESS

SOLUTION

PROBLEM

Photo C Frank


WHITEBARK PINE

















(in some areas)









to date


FS amp NPS lands

Is there GEOGRAPHIC


Genetic Resistance





more information






PROBLEM

SOLUTION

SUCCESS






NEEDED

Tools to fast-

track resistance

development




-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------






bred trees



consequences


IMMEDIATE NEED


and







Benefit





hellipbut






SUCCESSES









Acknowledgments







References






Invasion

Chestnut blight


1000 canker disease

Sudden oak death


WHO ARE YOU

GOING CALL

USDA Forest Service

-Genetics amp FHP

amp partners

Solution

CLIMATE

CHANGE



Rapid ohia death




bull Biocontrol




Envision the Future


bull Do something


or



GOAL








Research


Restoration


SUCCESS



Time

BACKGROUND











-























bull Otherunknown
















Conclusion 1






























FamiliesProvenances

provenance

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24

m

ort

ality

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100


a-c

a-c

cd

d

b-d

a-d

a

a-d

a-c

a-d

a-c

a-d

a-d

a-c

d

a-c

ab

a-d

a-d

a-d

a-d

a-c














PROBLEM SOLVED



KOA WILT RESISTANCE













OBJECTIVE




2) Locally adapted



from orchards)





OBJECTIVE


resistant seed



13 Breeding Zones


breeding zone



each BZ











MAYBE












whitebark

limber

WWP

Sugar pine

Strategy
















Infection over time

WPBR example






resistance



no resistance but

turned out wrong



(FHP proposal)

Both MGR and


present (Sniezko)









SUCCESS

SOLUTION

PROBLEM

Photo C Frank


WHITEBARK PINE

















(in some areas)









to date


FS amp NPS lands

Is there GEOGRAPHIC


Genetic Resistance





more information






PROBLEM

SOLUTION

SUCCESS






NEEDED

Tools to fast-

track resistance

development




-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------






bred trees



consequences


IMMEDIATE NEED


and







Benefit





hellipbut






SUCCESSES









Acknowledgments







References









bull Biocontrol




Envision the Future


bull Do something


or



GOAL








Research


Restoration


SUCCESS



Time

BACKGROUND











-























bull Otherunknown
















Conclusion 1






























FamiliesProvenances

provenance

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24

m

ort

ality

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100


a-c

a-c

cd

d

b-d

a-d

a

a-d

a-c

a-d

a-c

a-d

a-d

a-c

d

a-c

ab

a-d

a-d

a-d

a-d

a-c














PROBLEM SOLVED



KOA WILT RESISTANCE













OBJECTIVE




2) Locally adapted



from orchards)





OBJECTIVE


resistant seed



13 Breeding Zones


breeding zone



each BZ











MAYBE












whitebark

limber

WWP

Sugar pine

Strategy
















Infection over time

WPBR example






resistance



no resistance but

turned out wrong



(FHP proposal)

Both MGR and


present (Sniezko)









SUCCESS

SOLUTION

PROBLEM

Photo C Frank


WHITEBARK PINE

















(in some areas)









to date


FS amp NPS lands

Is there GEOGRAPHIC


Genetic Resistance





more information






PROBLEM

SOLUTION

SUCCESS






NEEDED

Tools to fast-

track resistance

development




-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------






bred trees



consequences


IMMEDIATE NEED


and







Benefit





hellipbut






SUCCESSES









Acknowledgments







References






Envision the Future


bull Do something


or



GOAL








Research


Restoration


SUCCESS



Time

BACKGROUND











-























bull Otherunknown
















Conclusion 1






























FamiliesProvenances

provenance

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24

m

ort

ality

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100


a-c

a-c

cd

d

b-d

a-d

a

a-d

a-c

a-d

a-c

a-d

a-d

a-c

d

a-c

ab

a-d

a-d

a-d

a-d

a-c














PROBLEM SOLVED



KOA WILT RESISTANCE













OBJECTIVE




2) Locally adapted



from orchards)





OBJECTIVE


resistant seed



13 Breeding Zones


breeding zone



each BZ











MAYBE












whitebark

limber

WWP

Sugar pine

Strategy
















Infection over time

WPBR example






resistance



no resistance but

turned out wrong



(FHP proposal)

Both MGR and


present (Sniezko)









SUCCESS

SOLUTION

PROBLEM

Photo C Frank


WHITEBARK PINE

















(in some areas)









to date


FS amp NPS lands

Is there GEOGRAPHIC


Genetic Resistance





more information






PROBLEM

SOLUTION

SUCCESS






NEEDED

Tools to fast-

track resistance

development




-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------






bred trees



consequences


IMMEDIATE NEED


and







Benefit





hellipbut






SUCCESSES









Acknowledgments







References






GOAL








Research


Restoration


SUCCESS



Time

BACKGROUND











-























bull Otherunknown
















Conclusion 1






























FamiliesProvenances

provenance

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24

m

ort

ality

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100


a-c

a-c

cd

d

b-d

a-d

a

a-d

a-c

a-d

a-c

a-d

a-d

a-c

d

a-c

ab

a-d

a-d

a-d

a-d

a-c














PROBLEM SOLVED



KOA WILT RESISTANCE













OBJECTIVE




2) Locally adapted



from orchards)





OBJECTIVE


resistant seed



13 Breeding Zones


breeding zone



each BZ











MAYBE












whitebark

limber

WWP

Sugar pine

Strategy
















Infection over time

WPBR example






resistance



no resistance but

turned out wrong



(FHP proposal)

Both MGR and


present (Sniezko)









SUCCESS

SOLUTION

PROBLEM

Photo C Frank


WHITEBARK PINE

















(in some areas)









to date


FS amp NPS lands

Is there GEOGRAPHIC


Genetic Resistance





more information






PROBLEM

SOLUTION

SUCCESS






NEEDED

Tools to fast-

track resistance

development




-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------






bred trees



consequences


IMMEDIATE NEED


and







Benefit





hellipbut






SUCCESSES









Acknowledgments







References







Research


Restoration


SUCCESS



Time

BACKGROUND











-























bull Otherunknown
















Conclusion 1






























FamiliesProvenances

provenance

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24

m

ort

ality

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100


a-c

a-c

cd

d

b-d

a-d

a

a-d

a-c

a-d

a-c

a-d

a-d

a-c

d

a-c

ab

a-d

a-d

a-d

a-d

a-c














PROBLEM SOLVED



KOA WILT RESISTANCE













OBJECTIVE




2) Locally adapted



from orchards)





OBJECTIVE


resistant seed



13 Breeding Zones


breeding zone



each BZ











MAYBE












whitebark

limber

WWP

Sugar pine

Strategy
















Infection over time

WPBR example






resistance



no resistance but

turned out wrong



(FHP proposal)

Both MGR and


present (Sniezko)









SUCCESS

SOLUTION

PROBLEM

Photo C Frank


WHITEBARK PINE

















(in some areas)









to date


FS amp NPS lands

Is there GEOGRAPHIC


Genetic Resistance





more information






PROBLEM

SOLUTION

SUCCESS






NEEDED

Tools to fast-

track resistance

development




-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------






bred trees



consequences


IMMEDIATE NEED


and







Benefit





hellipbut






SUCCESSES









Acknowledgments







References






BACKGROUND











-























bull Otherunknown
















Conclusion 1






























FamiliesProvenances

provenance

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24

m

ort

ality

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100


a-c

a-c

cd

d

b-d

a-d

a

a-d

a-c

a-d

a-c

a-d

a-d

a-c

d

a-c

ab

a-d

a-d

a-d

a-d

a-c














PROBLEM SOLVED



KOA WILT RESISTANCE













OBJECTIVE




2) Locally adapted



from orchards)





OBJECTIVE


resistant seed



13 Breeding Zones


breeding zone



each BZ











MAYBE












whitebark

limber

WWP

Sugar pine

Strategy
















Infection over time

WPBR example






resistance



no resistance but

turned out wrong



(FHP proposal)

Both MGR and


present (Sniezko)









SUCCESS

SOLUTION

PROBLEM

Photo C Frank


WHITEBARK PINE

















(in some areas)









to date


FS amp NPS lands

Is there GEOGRAPHIC


Genetic Resistance





more information






PROBLEM

SOLUTION

SUCCESS






NEEDED

Tools to fast-

track resistance

development




-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------






bred trees



consequences


IMMEDIATE NEED


and







Benefit





hellipbut






SUCCESSES









Acknowledgments







References




























bull Otherunknown
















Conclusion 1






























FamiliesProvenances

provenance

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24

m

ort

ality

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100


a-c

a-c

cd

d

b-d

a-d

a

a-d

a-c

a-d

a-c

a-d

a-d

a-c

d

a-c

ab

a-d

a-d

a-d

a-d

a-c














PROBLEM SOLVED



KOA WILT RESISTANCE













OBJECTIVE




2) Locally adapted



from orchards)





OBJECTIVE


resistant seed



13 Breeding Zones


breeding zone



each BZ











MAYBE












whitebark

limber

WWP

Sugar pine

Strategy
















Infection over time

WPBR example






resistance



no resistance but

turned out wrong



(FHP proposal)

Both MGR and


present (Sniezko)









SUCCESS

SOLUTION

PROBLEM

Photo C Frank


WHITEBARK PINE

















(in some areas)









to date


FS amp NPS lands

Is there GEOGRAPHIC


Genetic Resistance





more information






PROBLEM

SOLUTION

SUCCESS






NEEDED

Tools to fast-

track resistance

development




-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------






bred trees



consequences


IMMEDIATE NEED


and







Benefit





hellipbut






SUCCESSES









Acknowledgments







References















bull Otherunknown
















Conclusion 1






























FamiliesProvenances

provenance

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24

m

ort

ality

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100


a-c

a-c

cd

d

b-d

a-d

a

a-d

a-c

a-d

a-c

a-d

a-d

a-c

d

a-c

ab

a-d

a-d

a-d

a-d

a-c














PROBLEM SOLVED



KOA WILT RESISTANCE













OBJECTIVE




2) Locally adapted



from orchards)





OBJECTIVE


resistant seed



13 Breeding Zones


breeding zone



each BZ











MAYBE












whitebark

limber

WWP

Sugar pine

Strategy
















Infection over time

WPBR example






resistance



no resistance but

turned out wrong



(FHP proposal)

Both MGR and


present (Sniezko)









SUCCESS

SOLUTION

PROBLEM

Photo C Frank


WHITEBARK PINE

















(in some areas)









to date


FS amp NPS lands

Is there GEOGRAPHIC


Genetic Resistance





more information






PROBLEM

SOLUTION

SUCCESS






NEEDED

Tools to fast-

track resistance

development




-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------






bred trees



consequences


IMMEDIATE NEED


and







Benefit





hellipbut






SUCCESSES









Acknowledgments







References

















Conclusion 1






























FamiliesProvenances

provenance

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24

m

ort

ality

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100


a-c

a-c

cd

d

b-d

a-d

a

a-d

a-c

a-d

a-c

a-d

a-d

a-c

d

a-c

ab

a-d

a-d

a-d

a-d

a-c














PROBLEM SOLVED



KOA WILT RESISTANCE













OBJECTIVE




2) Locally adapted



from orchards)





OBJECTIVE


resistant seed



13 Breeding Zones


breeding zone



each BZ











MAYBE












whitebark

limber

WWP

Sugar pine

Strategy
















Infection over time

WPBR example






resistance



no resistance but

turned out wrong



(FHP proposal)

Both MGR and


present (Sniezko)









SUCCESS

SOLUTION

PROBLEM

Photo C Frank


WHITEBARK PINE

















(in some areas)









to date


FS amp NPS lands

Is there GEOGRAPHIC


Genetic Resistance





more information






PROBLEM

SOLUTION

SUCCESS






NEEDED

Tools to fast-

track resistance

development




-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------






bred trees



consequences


IMMEDIATE NEED


and







Benefit





hellipbut






SUCCESSES









Acknowledgments







References











Conclusion 1






























FamiliesProvenances

provenance

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24

m

ort

ality

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100


a-c

a-c

cd

d

b-d

a-d

a

a-d

a-c

a-d

a-c

a-d

a-d

a-c

d

a-c

ab

a-d

a-d

a-d

a-d

a-c














PROBLEM SOLVED



KOA WILT RESISTANCE













OBJECTIVE




2) Locally adapted



from orchards)





OBJECTIVE


resistant seed



13 Breeding Zones


breeding zone



each BZ











MAYBE












whitebark

limber

WWP

Sugar pine

Strategy
















Infection over time

WPBR example






resistance



no resistance but

turned out wrong



(FHP proposal)

Both MGR and


present (Sniezko)









SUCCESS

SOLUTION

PROBLEM

Photo C Frank


WHITEBARK PINE

















(in some areas)









to date


FS amp NPS lands

Is there GEOGRAPHIC


Genetic Resistance





more information






PROBLEM

SOLUTION

SUCCESS






NEEDED

Tools to fast-

track resistance

development




-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------






bred trees



consequences


IMMEDIATE NEED


and







Benefit





hellipbut






SUCCESSES









Acknowledgments







References






Conclusion 1






























FamiliesProvenances

provenance

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24

m

ort

ality

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100


a-c

a-c

cd

d

b-d

a-d

a

a-d

a-c

a-d

a-c

a-d

a-d

a-c

d

a-c

ab

a-d

a-d

a-d

a-d

a-c














PROBLEM SOLVED



KOA WILT RESISTANCE













OBJECTIVE




2) Locally adapted



from orchards)





OBJECTIVE


resistant seed



13 Breeding Zones


breeding zone



each BZ











MAYBE












whitebark

limber

WWP

Sugar pine

Strategy
















Infection over time

WPBR example






resistance



no resistance but

turned out wrong



(FHP proposal)

Both MGR and


present (Sniezko)









SUCCESS

SOLUTION

PROBLEM

Photo C Frank


WHITEBARK PINE

















(in some areas)









to date


FS amp NPS lands

Is there GEOGRAPHIC


Genetic Resistance





more information






PROBLEM

SOLUTION

SUCCESS






NEEDED

Tools to fast-

track resistance

development




-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------






bred trees



consequences


IMMEDIATE NEED


and







Benefit





hellipbut






SUCCESSES









Acknowledgments







References




























FamiliesProvenances

provenance

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24

m

ort

ality

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100


a-c

a-c

cd

d

b-d

a-d

a

a-d

a-c

a-d

a-c

a-d

a-d

a-c

d

a-c

ab

a-d

a-d

a-d

a-d

a-c














PROBLEM SOLVED



KOA WILT RESISTANCE













OBJECTIVE




2) Locally adapted



from orchards)





OBJECTIVE


resistant seed



13 Breeding Zones


breeding zone



each BZ











MAYBE












whitebark

limber

WWP

Sugar pine

Strategy
















Infection over time

WPBR example






resistance



no resistance but

turned out wrong



(FHP proposal)

Both MGR and


present (Sniezko)









SUCCESS

SOLUTION

PROBLEM

Photo C Frank


WHITEBARK PINE

















(in some areas)









to date


FS amp NPS lands

Is there GEOGRAPHIC


Genetic Resistance





more information






PROBLEM

SOLUTION

SUCCESS






NEEDED

Tools to fast-

track resistance

development




-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------






bred trees



consequences


IMMEDIATE NEED


and







Benefit





hellipbut






SUCCESSES









Acknowledgments







References



















FamiliesProvenances

provenance

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24

m

ort

ality

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100


a-c

a-c

cd

d

b-d

a-d

a

a-d

a-c

a-d

a-c

a-d

a-d

a-c

d

a-c

ab

a-d

a-d

a-d

a-d

a-c














PROBLEM SOLVED



KOA WILT RESISTANCE













OBJECTIVE




2) Locally adapted



from orchards)





OBJECTIVE


resistant seed



13 Breeding Zones


breeding zone



each BZ











MAYBE












whitebark

limber

WWP

Sugar pine

Strategy
















Infection over time

WPBR example






resistance



no resistance but

turned out wrong



(FHP proposal)

Both MGR and


present (Sniezko)









SUCCESS

SOLUTION

PROBLEM

Photo C Frank


WHITEBARK PINE

















(in some areas)









to date


FS amp NPS lands

Is there GEOGRAPHIC


Genetic Resistance





more information






PROBLEM

SOLUTION

SUCCESS






NEEDED

Tools to fast-

track resistance

development




-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------






bred trees



consequences


IMMEDIATE NEED


and







Benefit





hellipbut






SUCCESSES









Acknowledgments







References










FamiliesProvenances

provenance

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24

m

ort

ality

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100


a-c

a-c

cd

d

b-d

a-d

a

a-d

a-c

a-d

a-c

a-d

a-d

a-c

d

a-c

ab

a-d

a-d

a-d

a-d

a-c














PROBLEM SOLVED



KOA WILT RESISTANCE













OBJECTIVE




2) Locally adapted



from orchards)





OBJECTIVE


resistant seed



13 Breeding Zones


breeding zone



each BZ











MAYBE












whitebark

limber

WWP

Sugar pine

Strategy
















Infection over time

WPBR example






resistance



no resistance but

turned out wrong



(FHP proposal)

Both MGR and


present (Sniezko)









SUCCESS

SOLUTION

PROBLEM

Photo C Frank


WHITEBARK PINE

















(in some areas)









to date


FS amp NPS lands

Is there GEOGRAPHIC


Genetic Resistance





more information






PROBLEM

SOLUTION

SUCCESS






NEEDED

Tools to fast-

track resistance

development




-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------






bred trees



consequences


IMMEDIATE NEED


and







Benefit





hellipbut






SUCCESSES









Acknowledgments







References


















OBJECTIVE




2) Locally adapted



from orchards)





OBJECTIVE


resistant seed



13 Breeding Zones


breeding zone



each BZ











MAYBE












whitebark

limber

WWP

Sugar pine

Strategy
















Infection over time

WPBR example






resistance



no resistance but

turned out wrong



(FHP proposal)

Both MGR and


present (Sniezko)









SUCCESS

SOLUTION

PROBLEM

Photo C Frank


WHITEBARK PINE

















(in some areas)









to date


FS amp NPS lands

Is there GEOGRAPHIC


Genetic Resistance





more information






PROBLEM

SOLUTION

SUCCESS






NEEDED

Tools to fast-

track resistance

development




-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------






bred trees



consequences


IMMEDIATE NEED


and







Benefit





hellipbut






SUCCESSES









Acknowledgments







References







OBJECTIVE




2) Locally adapted



from orchards)





OBJECTIVE


resistant seed



13 Breeding Zones


breeding zone



each BZ











MAYBE












whitebark

limber

WWP

Sugar pine

Strategy
















Infection over time

WPBR example






resistance



no resistance but

turned out wrong



(FHP proposal)

Both MGR and


present (Sniezko)









SUCCESS

SOLUTION

PROBLEM

Photo C Frank


WHITEBARK PINE

















(in some areas)









to date


FS amp NPS lands

Is there GEOGRAPHIC


Genetic Resistance





more information






PROBLEM

SOLUTION

SUCCESS






NEEDED

Tools to fast-

track resistance

development




-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------






bred trees



consequences


IMMEDIATE NEED


and







Benefit





hellipbut






SUCCESSES









Acknowledgments







References







OBJECTIVE


resistant seed



13 Breeding Zones


breeding zone



each BZ











MAYBE












whitebark

limber

WWP

Sugar pine

Strategy
















Infection over time

WPBR example






resistance



no resistance but

turned out wrong



(FHP proposal)

Both MGR and


present (Sniezko)









SUCCESS

SOLUTION

PROBLEM

Photo C Frank


WHITEBARK PINE

















(in some areas)









to date


FS amp NPS lands

Is there GEOGRAPHIC


Genetic Resistance





more information






PROBLEM

SOLUTION

SUCCESS






NEEDED

Tools to fast-

track resistance

development




-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------






bred trees



consequences


IMMEDIATE NEED


and







Benefit





hellipbut






SUCCESSES









Acknowledgments







References















MAYBE












whitebark

limber

WWP

Sugar pine

Strategy
















Infection over time

WPBR example






resistance



no resistance but

turned out wrong



(FHP proposal)

Both MGR and


present (Sniezko)









SUCCESS

SOLUTION

PROBLEM

Photo C Frank


WHITEBARK PINE

















(in some areas)









to date


FS amp NPS lands

Is there GEOGRAPHIC


Genetic Resistance





more information






PROBLEM

SOLUTION

SUCCESS






NEEDED

Tools to fast-

track resistance

development




-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------






bred trees



consequences


IMMEDIATE NEED


and







Benefit





hellipbut






SUCCESSES









Acknowledgments







References

















whitebark

limber

WWP

Sugar pine

Strategy
















Infection over time

WPBR example






resistance



no resistance but

turned out wrong



(FHP proposal)

Both MGR and


present (Sniezko)









SUCCESS

SOLUTION

PROBLEM

Photo C Frank


WHITEBARK PINE

















(in some areas)









to date


FS amp NPS lands

Is there GEOGRAPHIC


Genetic Resistance





more information






PROBLEM

SOLUTION

SUCCESS






NEEDED

Tools to fast-

track resistance

development




-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------






bred trees



consequences


IMMEDIATE NEED


and







Benefit





hellipbut






SUCCESSES









Acknowledgments







References








whitebark

limber

WWP

Sugar pine

Strategy
















Infection over time

WPBR example






resistance



no resistance but

turned out wrong



(FHP proposal)

Both MGR and


present (Sniezko)









SUCCESS

SOLUTION

PROBLEM

Photo C Frank


WHITEBARK PINE

















(in some areas)









to date


FS amp NPS lands

Is there GEOGRAPHIC


Genetic Resistance





more information






PROBLEM

SOLUTION

SUCCESS






NEEDED

Tools to fast-

track resistance

development




-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------






bred trees



consequences


IMMEDIATE NEED


and







Benefit





hellipbut






SUCCESSES









Acknowledgments







References






Strategy
















Infection over time

WPBR example






resistance



no resistance but

turned out wrong



(FHP proposal)

Both MGR and


present (Sniezko)









SUCCESS

SOLUTION

PROBLEM

Photo C Frank


WHITEBARK PINE

















(in some areas)









to date


FS amp NPS lands

Is there GEOGRAPHIC


Genetic Resistance





more information






PROBLEM

SOLUTION

SUCCESS






NEEDED

Tools to fast-

track resistance

development




-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------






bred trees



consequences


IMMEDIATE NEED


and







Benefit





hellipbut






SUCCESSES









Acknowledgments







References











Infection over time

WPBR example






resistance



no resistance but

turned out wrong



(FHP proposal)

Both MGR and


present (Sniezko)









SUCCESS

SOLUTION

PROBLEM

Photo C Frank


WHITEBARK PINE

















(in some areas)









to date


FS amp NPS lands

Is there GEOGRAPHIC


Genetic Resistance





more information






PROBLEM

SOLUTION

SUCCESS






NEEDED

Tools to fast-

track resistance

development




-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------






bred trees



consequences


IMMEDIATE NEED


and







Benefit





hellipbut






SUCCESSES









Acknowledgments







References










resistance



no resistance but

turned out wrong



(FHP proposal)

Both MGR and


present (Sniezko)









SUCCESS

SOLUTION

PROBLEM

Photo C Frank


WHITEBARK PINE

















(in some areas)









to date


FS amp NPS lands

Is there GEOGRAPHIC


Genetic Resistance





more information






PROBLEM

SOLUTION

SUCCESS






NEEDED

Tools to fast-

track resistance

development




-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------






bred trees



consequences


IMMEDIATE NEED


and







Benefit





hellipbut






SUCCESSES









Acknowledgments







References














SUCCESS

SOLUTION

PROBLEM

Photo C Frank


WHITEBARK PINE

















(in some areas)









to date


FS amp NPS lands

Is there GEOGRAPHIC


Genetic Resistance





more information






PROBLEM

SOLUTION

SUCCESS






NEEDED

Tools to fast-

track resistance

development




-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------






bred trees



consequences


IMMEDIATE NEED


and







Benefit





hellipbut






SUCCESSES









Acknowledgments







References








SUCCESS

SOLUTION

PROBLEM

Photo C Frank


WHITEBARK PINE

















(in some areas)









to date


FS amp NPS lands

Is there GEOGRAPHIC


Genetic Resistance





more information






PROBLEM

SOLUTION

SUCCESS






NEEDED

Tools to fast-

track resistance

development




-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------






bred trees



consequences


IMMEDIATE NEED


and







Benefit





hellipbut






SUCCESSES









Acknowledgments







References






WHITEBARK PINE

















(in some areas)









to date


FS amp NPS lands

Is there GEOGRAPHIC


Genetic Resistance





more information






PROBLEM

SOLUTION

SUCCESS






NEEDED

Tools to fast-

track resistance

development




-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------






bred trees



consequences


IMMEDIATE NEED


and







Benefit





hellipbut






SUCCESSES









Acknowledgments







References


















(in some areas)









to date


FS amp NPS lands

Is there GEOGRAPHIC


Genetic Resistance





more information






PROBLEM

SOLUTION

SUCCESS






NEEDED

Tools to fast-

track resistance

development




-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------






bred trees



consequences


IMMEDIATE NEED


and







Benefit





hellipbut






SUCCESSES









Acknowledgments







References














(in some areas)









to date


FS amp NPS lands

Is there GEOGRAPHIC


Genetic Resistance





more information






PROBLEM

SOLUTION

SUCCESS






NEEDED

Tools to fast-

track resistance

development




-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------






bred trees



consequences


IMMEDIATE NEED


and







Benefit





hellipbut






SUCCESSES









Acknowledgments







References









(in some areas)









to date


FS amp NPS lands

Is there GEOGRAPHIC


Genetic Resistance





more information






PROBLEM

SOLUTION

SUCCESS






NEEDED

Tools to fast-

track resistance

development




-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------






bred trees



consequences


IMMEDIATE NEED


and







Benefit





hellipbut






SUCCESSES









Acknowledgments







References











PROBLEM

SOLUTION

SUCCESS






NEEDED

Tools to fast-

track resistance

development




-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------






bred trees



consequences


IMMEDIATE NEED


and







Benefit





hellipbut






SUCCESSES









Acknowledgments







References








PROBLEM

SOLUTION

SUCCESS






NEEDED

Tools to fast-

track resistance

development




-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------






bred trees



consequences


IMMEDIATE NEED


and







Benefit





hellipbut






SUCCESSES









Acknowledgments







References










NEEDED

Tools to fast-

track resistance

development




-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------






bred trees



consequences


IMMEDIATE NEED


and







Benefit





hellipbut






SUCCESSES









Acknowledgments







References








NEEDED

Tools to fast-

track resistance

development




-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------






bred trees



consequences


IMMEDIATE NEED


and







Benefit





hellipbut






SUCCESSES









Acknowledgments







References









-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------






bred trees



consequences


IMMEDIATE NEED


and







Benefit





hellipbut






SUCCESSES









Acknowledgments







References






IMMEDIATE NEED


and







Benefit





hellipbut






SUCCESSES









Acknowledgments







References







Benefit





hellipbut






SUCCESSES









Acknowledgments







References






SUCCESSES









Acknowledgments







References











Acknowledgments







References






Acknowledgments







References






References






Documents

Tree Breeding for Forest Health Current Successesnas-sites.org/dels/files/2017/11/Richard-Sniezko-Presentation-For-PARO.pdf · Tree Breeding for Forest Health – Current Successes