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Treatments . Marshall Grimm Anna Vigil Jillian Wright . Content. Why Some Do Not Seek Help Medicinal Treatments Psychotherapy Treatments Effectiveness Of Treatments. Why Some Don’t seek help . People do not realize that their disorder needs to be treated. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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TREATMENTS Marshall Grimm
Anna Vigil Jillian Wright
CONTENT Why Some Do Not Seek Help Medicinal Treatments Psychotherapy Treatments Effectiveness Of Treatments
WHY SOME DON’T SEEK HELP People do not realize that their disorder
needs to be treated. There are barriers that stop people from
seeking help. Many do not know where to go for help.
PEOPLE DON’T KNOW THEIR DISORDER CAN BE TREATED Cultural Stigmas
Many psychological disorders are not taken seriously. “Mind over matter” Origin of psychological disorders are “hidden”
Psychological disorders are signs of personal weakness.
BARRIERS They should be able to handle the problem by themselves
In a study printed in Cambridge Journals by many psychologists from various universities surveyed those with mental illnesses and found that most desired to handle the problem on their own(42.2%). Attitudinal factors were much more important than structural
factors(97.4% v. 22.2%). Fear of embarrassment for family Financial obstacles
Lack of medical insurance for mental health Treatment providers themselves provide obstacles
Long wait lists Lack of funding for sufficient staffing Staff lacks proper education
Cultural and gender factors A study of college students found that being male predicted
negative attitudes towards seeking psychological help.
MANY DO NOT KNOW WHERE TO GO FOR HELP Finding the right psychologist is just like
trying to find any professional. There are many different kinds of
treatments, each with its own pros and cons.
There are many different types of psychotherapists.Psychologists Psychiatrists Social WorkersCounselors
Early Treatments of Psychological Disorders
TrepanationThis was “release the evil spirits” taken literally. The town’s physician would drill a hole in the sick person’s skull to release the demons. Consequently, the person often died shortly afterward, or they suffered such brain damage that they remained in a vegetative state for the rest of their lives.
ExorcismVarious religious rituals were performed to rid the victim of his demons.
HydrotherapyWas another form of treating “possessed” patients: they were shocked “back to their senses” by being submerged in ice-cold water.
ShavingShaving the pattern of a cross in the hair of the victim’s head
BindingSecuring sufferers to a wall near the front of a church so that they might benefit from hearing the Mass.
MEDICATIONS Antipsychotics
Used to treat schizophrenia Antianxiety
Most antianxiety medications are benzodiazepines a form of tranquilizer. Doctors are relatively cauties when prescribing, due to the potential for abuse.
Antidepressants and Mood StabilizersMAOI’s (monoamine oxidase inhibitor) – Introduced in the 1950’s, rarely prescribed due to side effects.Tricyclic Andtipderessants – also introduced in the 1950’s, used much less frequently because of side effects.SSRI’s (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) – One of the most common antidepressantSNRI’s (serotonin and norepineprhine reuptake inhibitor) – newly introduced with fewer side effects.
Herbal and Natural ProductsEasily available over the counter, less expensive and are perceived as “natural” alternatives to “drugs.”Used by those whom medications do not work or the side effects are intolerable.
BIOLOGICAL TREATMENTSUsed by some people for whom medications do
not work or side effects are intolerable. Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) AKA shock therapy. Involves inducing a mild seizure by
delivering an electric shock to the brain.
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Placing powerful pulsed magnet over a person’s scalp which
alters neuronal activity in the brain.
Psychosurgery Surgical destruction of specific brain areas.
TEN MOST DIAGNOSED MENTAL DISORDERS
26.2% or 1 in 4 adults suffer from a diagnosable mental disorder in any given year
Mood Disorders 20.9 million adults or 9.5% Anxiety Disorders 40 million adults or 18.1% Phobias Social 8.9% Specific 8.7% Agoraphobia 0.8% Personality Disorders 6 million adults or 2.7% Bipolar Disorder 5.7 million adults or 2.6% ADHD 4.1% Eating Disorders Anorexia 0.6% Bulimia 1% Binge eating 2.8% Schizophrenia 2.4 million adults or 9.5% Autism Spectrum Disorders 8 year olds 1 in 10
PSYCHOLOGICAL THERAPIES
Psycho Dynamic Therapy
Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies
Humanistic and Existential Therapies
Groups in Therapy
Interaction between a
therapist and someone with psychological
problems.
PSYCHODYNAMIC THERAPY
seeks to increase a client's self-awareness and understanding of how the past has influenced present thoughts and behaviors, by exploring their unconscious patterns.
Psychoanalysis Aggressive and sexual urges presented from childhood Focus on early childhood events Takes 2 to 3 years to complete therapy Transference can occur
BEHAVIORAL THERAPIES Behavioral Therapy is effective for individuals who
require treatment for some sort of behavior change, such as addictions, phobias and anxiety disorders
Concentrates on the “here” and “now” Eliminates unwanted behavior Promotes desired behaviors Reducing unwanted emotional responses
COGNITIVE THERAPIES Cognitive Therapy involves learning how to identify
and replace distorted thoughts and beliefs Concentrates on the clients thinking about self,
others, or the world Cognitive restructuring
Turns the way you think into a positivemore realistic way
Mindfulness meditation To be fully present in each moment Detects symptoms before they become
a problem To be aware of all feelings, and
sensations
COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPIES
involves changing the way you think (cognitive) and how you respond to these thoughts (behavior).
Usually used with anxiety and depression “problem focused”
Reduces panic attack “action oriented”
You must do things to face your phobias
HUMANISTIC AND EXISTENTIAL THERAPIES
This approach focuses on recognizing human capabilities in areas such as creativity, personal growth and choice.
Humanistic therapy focuses on how a person sees themselves
Helps them to recognize their strengths Person-centered therapy
Existential therapy focuses on increasing self awareness and broaden their views on the world
Gestalt therapy all of us have had to repress or suppress aspects of ourselves because they were not accepted or supported.
GROUPS IN THERAPIES Multiple participants work on their individual
problems in a group atmosphere. For people who have a common problem, such as
substance abuse. Forced to get along with their peers in the group
Helps those that are socially awkward Shows clients that they are not alone with with their problems
TREATMENT EFFECTIVENESS Like physical health, mental health is
dependent on the person. Each treatment has its pros and cons. Many psychologists believe that each
treatment may be more effective for specific disorders.