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CHAPTER 3. Transportation, settlement, & growth. TRANSPORTATION. Has always been linked to: Settlement Growth Determines where people live and businesses develop The main source of transportation in early MS was rivers . TRANSPORTATION . 3 most important rivers for travel and trade - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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TRANSPORTATION, SETTLEMENT, &
GROWTH
CHAPTER 3
TRANSPORTATION Has always been linked to:
SettlementGrowth
Determines where people live and businesses develop
The main source of transportation in early MS was rivers
TRANSPORTATION 3 most important rivers for travel and
trade Mississippi Yazoo Big Black
ROADS Early roads were Indians Trails and
Buffalo Paths Rivers were better than roads for the
following reasonsRoads were more difficult and dangerous
than boatCouldn’t carry as much as boatRoads were more expensive
The first roads were called post roads
ROADS The Natchez Trace was the most
famous road ever created in MSConnects Natchez to NashvilleStands (hotels or inns) were built along the
Natchez Trace
ROADS Roads then were not like today
Mainly dirt trailWidened by cutting treesMuddyCouldn’t carry muchNo bridges
○ Used ‘fords’ to cross rivers○ Ford - shallow spot of water that can be crossed
Not as efficient as water, but went were water wasn’t located
STEAMBOATS Created by Robert Fulton Made upstream transportation possible Carry as much as several flatboats It allowed for the interior of MS to be
opened for cotton plantations
NEW ORLEANS
RAILROADS By 1900, Steamboats had mostly been
replaced as way to travel & move goods Civil War increased the need for Railroads
Reasons: ship soldiers and supplies Advantages to the Railroad
Could be built anywhereFaster & safer than steamboatsOpened settlement and economic development
to areas without rivers Economic development = more farmland
HIGHWAYS 1920’s cars, trucks, & buses began
appearing in MS Roads were a problem
Dirt & gravel not good enoughWashed out and couldn’t handle loadsBridges were unsafe or didn’t existNo bridges crossed MS River (now 4)Demands for government to build roads
increased
HIGHWAYS 1930’s – modern highway system began
with federal money
Link major MS towns together and big towns in neighboring states
1940’s bridges built over MS River at Vicksburg, Natchez, & Greenville
HIGHWAYS 1960’s – 1970’s Federal Interstate
Highway System constructedAt least 4 lane divided highway with same
system across the countryEven #s go East and WestOdd #s go North and South3 digits are bypassesAbout 42,800 miles and growing
HIGHWAYS
INTERSTATES MS’s Interstate’s
55 runs the length of the state from Memphis to McComb
20 runs across the state from Atlanta to Texas (crossing Meridian and Vicksburg
10 runs across the coastal states59 runs from Hattiesburg to New Orleans
MS Counties, Towns, & Cities Till 1940, MS almost all rural
Made living by farming○ Lived off land, shopped at country stores,
country doctorsIdentified with their county
○ Paid taxes to county, law enforcement – sheriff
○ County school districts○ Only in last 60 years have people moved to
towns and cities
COUNTIES 1st counties – Adams & Jefferson – 1799
13 counties in 1817
Wayne County was 1st county east of Pearl River
Large land areas – small population
COUNTIES Indian Treaties signed over land 1820 – Treaty of Doak’s Stand
Choctaws ceded area of west central MSOrganized into Hinds County
○ Later split into 14 counties 1830 Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek
Choctaws ceded the rest of their land in MS 1832 Treaty of Pontotoc Creek
Chickasaw Indians cede their land in NE MSBecame 13 counties in MS
INDIAN TREATIES
COUNTIES New land – government wanted it
settled so sold land cheap to draw in new settlers
RR and lumber boom in 1880 brought in more people to Piney Woods
Big counties started splitting up because people lived to far from county seats
TOWNS Still today more people in MS live in
rural area MS is 4th most rural state in USA Civil War only 4 towns of size:
Natchez, Vicksburg, Columbus, & JacksonRiver cities – steamboats
After Civil War – Vicksburg would be MS largest city for 40 yearsSteamboat and railroad center
TOWNS 1910 railroad made Jackson & Meridian
large towns 1930 Jackson becomes and stays
largest town in state Metropolitan areas
Area with population of more than 100,000Several towns and cities grown into each
other
TOWNS MS Metropolitan Areas
Jackson Metro Area○ Inside Hinds, Madison, & Rankin Counties
Gulf Coast
Desoto County – South Memphis
Hattiesburg
METROPOLITAN AREAS
2010 CENSUS About 2,967,000 people in MS
Most people in state still live in rural area even if they work in cities
Houston3,500
Chickasaw County18,000
2010 CENSUS Largest Cities
Jackson – 173,000
Gulfport – 68,000
Southaven – 49,000
Hattiesburg – 46,000
Biloxi – 44,000
Largest Counties
Hinds – 245,000
Harrison – 187,000
Desoto – 161,000
Rankin – 142,000
Jackson – 140,000