Intro

External Elevator at "La Defense" - Paris - J. Mitchell Photo

Our ProjectAssumptions for AE210 Sample BuildingOffice Building (OB)UnitsUse OBofficesArea per floor OB20,000SFNumber of floors OB14StoriesArea Per Occupant OB200SF/OccupantFloor-to-Floor Height OB12FtArea OB280,000SFOccupants OB1,400PeopleRetail Building (RB)Use RBRetailArea per floor RB40,000SFNumber of floors RB2StoriesArea Per Occupant RB50SF/OccupantArea RB80,000SFFloor-to-Floor Height RB15FtOccupants RB1,600PeopleLength of Stay RB45minTraffic Per Hour Max RB2,133People/Hourhttp://www.mcs.net/~aoarch/web/korea-tele.htm

http://www.mcs.net/~aoarch/web/korea-tele.htm

Class ModesWhat Modes of Transportation Might be Required or used - Class ListModeWhere useCommentElevatorOffice RetailTransportationStairsBothCirculationEscalatorRetailTransportationWalkway/corridorBothCirculationRampBothCirculationHallwayBothCirculation

Transportation ModesBuIlding Transportation ModesCharacteristicsGeared Traction ElevatorGearless Traction ElevatorHydraulic ElevatorEscalator & Horiz. RampsDumbwaiterPneumatic TubeTramRobot CartsVertical Travel -Stories2550+61350Speed50-400fpm400-2000 fpm100fpm5fps100fpm25fps30fps6fpsInitial CostMediumHighLowHighLowLowHighHighMaintenance CostMediumHighMediumHighLowLowMediumMediumPassengers/Hr4004004003000--2400-Images - Otis Elevator

This is JEM's estimate. Larger buildings use faster elevators, but have to travel further, which thus averages out.Assumes 4 cars in a train holding 30 people each with a round trip time of 3 minutes.Including Horizontal Ramps

Elev Diag

Class AssumptionsWhat must be taken into account to design and elevator systems - Class ListFactorComment

FactorsFactors Influencing Elevator Design - Source MEEBS 7th EdGoodOKUnitsDefinition or CommentInterval (I)3035SecsAverage time between departure of cars from the lobbyCar CapacityAverage Lobby time1821SecsAverage time spent by a passenger between arriving in the lobby and leaving the lobby in a carRegistration TimeWaiting time at an upper floor after registering a callRound-trip time (RT)Average time required for a car to make a round trip, staring from the lower terminal and returning to it.Average Trip Time (AVTRP)Average time spent by passengers form the moment they arrive in the lobby to leaving the car at an upper floorHandling Capacity (HC)Figure of merti for an elevator system, indicating the maximum number of passengers that can be handled in a given period, usually 5 minZone1420FloorsGroup of floors in a building that is considered as a groupMinimum HC13%5%pctPercent of building to be carried in 5 minutesTime Interval for Design max510MinDetermined based on experience as good approximation of period during which rush hour 'hits' the elevator.Percent of Population to Carry in 5 min12%5%pctDetermined based on experienceElevator Max Speed150-2000 dependsFPmNote that the travel time depends on four components: 1) door-open time; 2) acceleration time; 3) max speed; 4) deceleration time. Therefore max speed doesn't help much for low-rise buildings.

Office building CalcsHow Would we Calculate Our Office BuildingItemValueUnitsCommentOccupants1400PeopleFrom Building InfoFloors14FloorsFrom Building InfoFloor-to-Floor12FtFrom Building InfoTotal Rise168FtFloors * Floor-to-FloorMinimum Handling Capacity13%PctFrom Elevator practice - 5 min loadElevator Carrying Capacity3500LbsFrom Elevator practice - Actually try multiple sizesElevator Speed500fpmFrom Elevator practice - Actually try multiple speeds. There are tables of good practice. 23.8 MEEBS.Elevator car Avg Capacity16PeopleFrom Tables - Meebs 23.4Handling Capacity182PeopleMin Handling capacity * OccupantsRound Trip143secsFrom Graph 23.17Average Trip76secsFrom GraphCar Carries in 5 minutes33.6People/5minCalculatedNumber of Cars Needed5CarsCalculated

GraphsAverage Trip Time - p.1166 MEEBsRound Trip Time 23.17b

Elevator CarsTypical Car Information for High-Rise Gearless Elevators - OtisRated lbs.a200025002500300030003000350035003500400040004000PassengerCapacityb16/1516/1516/1520/1820/1820/1823/2123/2123/2127/2527/2527/25Speed ft./min.d8008001000800100012008001000120080010001200Maximum Stops606072607287607287607287A. Depthe7'-0"7'-0"7'-0"7'-6"7'-6"7'-6"8'-2"8'-2"8'-2"8'-2"8'-2"8'-2"B. Car Door Width3'-0"3'-6"3'-6"3'-6"3'-6"3'-6"3'-6"3'-6"3'-6"4'-0"4'-0"4'-0"C. Single Widthe7'-6 1/2"8'-8"8'-8"8'-8"8'-8"8'-8"8'-8"8'-8"8'-8"9'-8"9'-8"9'-8"D. Double Widthe15'-5"17'-8"17'-8"17'-8"17'-8"17'-8"17'-8"17'-8"17'-8"19'-8"19'-8"19'-8"E. Triple Widthe23'-3 1/2"26'-8"26'-8"26'-8"26'-8"26'-8"26'-8"26'-8"24'-8"28'-8"28'-8"28'-8"F. Minimum Clear Headroom11'-9"11'-9"7'-6"11'-9"11'-9"11'-9"11'-9"11'-9"11'-9"11'-9"11'-9"11'-9"G. Clear Openingf7'-0"7'-0"7'-0"7'-0"7'-0"7'-0"7'-0"7'-0"7'-0"7'-0"7'-0"7'-0"

Typical Car Information for High-Rise Gearless Elevators - Otis