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TRANSPORT FACILITATION AND
LOGISTICS: global and regional perspective
Transport and Logistics are an integral part of the UN work, especially in
the regional and development context
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Transport and Logistics are an integral part of the UN work, especially in
the regional and development context
Over the years transport and logistics issues have been gaining a greater
prominence in the United Nations System
4
Logistics performance Perception 2018
Source: ESCAP secretariat based on data from World Bank,
Connecting to Compete, 2018.
Global connectivity estimates, 2019
Source: International Transport forum, 2019.
Connectivity gaps and regional assessments …
Geography matters but
◼ High heterogeneity within the regions
◼ Countries with special needs (landlocked or small
island developing needs) are lagging behind globally
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Example: Issues affecting road freight transport and logistics
Source: Asociación de Transportistas Nicaragüenses, 2014
Regional infrastructure
networks
Road transport permits &
traffic rights
Visas for professional
drivers & crews
Temporary importation of road vehicles
Insurance of vehicles
Vehicle weights &
dimensions
Vehicle registration &
inspection certificates
Latin America Asia
ESCAP Regional Strategic Framework for the Facilitation
of International Road Transport (2012) and RAP, 2016
Lack or bad quality of Infrastructure
Lack of coordination among the border agencies
Excessive controls and costs of documentary
requirements by border agencies
Excessive guarantee
requirements, costs and penalties
Non acceptance of driver's documents
and/or “visa for drivers” issue
Safety and security issues for vehicles
and drivers
Broadly, transport facilitation and logistics issues tend to converge
across the regions
Global solutions exist
but nothing replaces the “local knowledge” and the political will for the
implementation
❑ Regional and local specificities
❑ Concrete stakeholders and path dependency
❑ Human and institutional capacities
❑ Competing priorities for the public actors
❑ National vs. Local
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The policy concerns related to transport and logistics evolve and
diversify
Role of State Vs. Role of Logistics Industry
Infrastructure Gap Vs. Facilitation
Human Resources and Capacities
Opportunities and challenges of technology and innovation
Resilience and climate change
Safety and social impacts
Transport Facilitation and Logistics are increasingly seen from the
perspective of Sustainability, at least, in theory
❑ Social and environmental externalities of transport operations
❑ Green transport and logistics
❑ New responsibility for freight forwarders?
Road transport as the main surface mode of freight and
passenger transport. Now and in the future
Sustainable Logistics: Revisiting the modal split discussion
Projected demand for surface freight transport by region
(Current demand pathway, billion tonne-kilometres)
Source: International Transport Forum, Transport Outlook, 2019
Challenge of a sustainable intermodal system
Example: Asia and the Pacific
❑ There exist an extensive highway, railway and dry ports network covering more than 30 countries in the region, but road transport still prevails at increasing costs to the society
❑ Still the lack of intermodal integration and transport facilitation represents one of the main causes of the high transport costs and delays in the region
❑ An absence of clear understanding about the nature and lack of harmonized legal rules and regulatory frameworks covering door-to-door multimodal transport operations results in their limited development.
❑ This prevents transport operators from utilizing the potential of more environmentally friendly modes of transport such as, for example, railway and inland waterway transport.
Promoting sustainable intermodal system through the use of
Technology
❑ ESCAP’s assessment of the several major intermodal transport routes connecting the countries of North-East Asia and Central Asia highlighted the role of Information Technology for intermodal transport that was focused on the exchange of information between the actors involved in intermodal transport chains.
❑ Utilizing the overall approach and recommendations, a project was initiated by the joint stock company Russian Railways in 2018 as part of the project activity of the International Union of Railways (UIC) Asia-Pacific Regional Assembly.
❑In September 2019, a pilot project on multimodal sea-rail cargo transportation from ports in Japan or the Republic of Korea to a destination point in the Russian Federation was launched, using electronic data exchange at all stages.
Bringing the multimodal transport operations back into the focus (1/2)
.
❑ The UN secretariat receives a growing number of requests from member
States to assist in strengthening of the legal framework for intermodal
transport operations, which are rapidly developing in Asia.
❑ So far, there exit no international treaty covering transport operations
involving more than one mode of transport that would be in force and
implemented. Regional solutions (ASEAN Framework Agreement on
Multimodal Transport, 2005) have not been fully implemented.
❑ At the same time, there are industry-level recommendations for
transport and freight forwarding, such as the FIATA’s multimodal transport
documents (most notably, FIATA Multimodal Bill of Lading (FBL), FIATA
Multimodal Transport Waybill (FWB)). They play an important role in filling this
gap through recommendations for the unification of contractual relationship.
.
❑ The work is ongoing on a policy discussion on a harmonized legal framework for
multimodal transport operations in Asia and the Pacific.
❑ The goal is to summarize the existing situation and suggest options for
modalities of harmonization of multimodal transport rules through a potential
international/corridor-based agreement or model guidelines for national rules
and regulations of the member States.
❑ The work will be carried out in broad collaboration/consultation with the
pertinent international organizations with relevant expertise in multimodal
transport operations, notably FIATA.
Bringing the multimodal transport operations back into the focus (2/2)
New role and responsibility of freight forwarders
Advantages of multimodal transport
❑ Minimizes time loss at trans-shipment points
❑ Provides faster transit of goods
❑ Reduces burden of documentation and
formalities
❑ Establishes only one agency to deal with
❑ Reduces cost of exports
An MTO should
❑Have the knowledge and skill to organize the
transportation of goods through different modes
of transport
❑Be aware of what is happening in the areas of
technological development, political stability of
countries, congestion of routes or mergers of
operators.
From the traditional role To becoming an agent of change of
sustainable logisticsThe three pillars of sustainable freight transport
Intermodal chain
UNCTAD, 2019
❑ Analytical, Capacity Building work and Training:❑ Support to the conference for
Logistics Service Providers in collaboration with FIATA Region Asia Pacific
❑ “Training-of-Trainers” (TOT) capacity building workshops (global and regional transit systems)
Opportunities to engage with the UN: example of UNESCAP
❑ UN intergovernmental working groups on Transport❑ UNESCAP Working group on Dry Ports
❑ The UNESCAP Sustainable Business Network (ESBN) set up to drive businesses in working towards the 2030 Sustainable Agenda
❑ Possible taskforce on Sustainable/Green logistics?
Thank you for your kind attention!
For any further questions: [email protected]