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TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT 2
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1Miami, 2007
Innovations in Regional Transportation PlansRail~Volution Conference, Miami 2007
November 1st 2007Steer Davies Gleave28-32 Upper Ground
London, SE1 9PD+44 (0)20 7919 8500
www.steerdaviesgleave.com
THE DUBLIN TRANSPORTATION INITIATIVE:HOW INTEGRATED TRANSPORTATION SOLUTIONS CHANGE A CITY
Alan Jones Associate
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Dublin: A European Capital City
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..famous for its history, culture..& pubs
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Dublin
Key Facts
Ι Dublin– major economic growth “The Celtic Tiger”
Ι Population of 1.35 million
Ι forecast to grow to 1.75 million by 2016
Ι Employment- 452,000 to 878,000
Ι Economy- GDP 260% growth 1991-2016
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Introduction- the scope of this presentation
Ι A look back at a 1990’s Regional Transportation PlanΙ How the “The Dublin Transportation Initiative” was developedΙ What were it’s key components ?Ι A focus on the Light Rail component of DTI- “the LUAS system”Ι A look at some examples of the benefits of an integrated planning
approachΙ A brief look ahead at Dublin’s future plans
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THE DUBLIN TRANSPORTATION INITIATIVE
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Overview
Ι Client: ■ Department of the Environment, DTI■ Transport Department & Coras Iompair Eireann, LUAS
Ι Started:■ 1990 Dublin Public Transport Model for CIE
Ι A Brief Chronology:■ DTI Phase 1 - 1991■ DTI Phase 2 - 1992-1994■ Line A Inquiry (Red Line) - 1998■ Line B Inquiry (Green Line) - 1999■ Green Line opens – June 2004■ Red Line opens – September 2004
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Dublin Transportation Initiative
Ι Phase 1 (1991) ■ Review of last twenty years■ Current state of transport system■ Scope for Phase 2
Ι Phase 2 (1992 – 1994) ■ At the time largest integrated transport planning study in Europe■ Produced
20 year strategy5 year implementation planTransport planning structure
■ IncludedDeveloping the strategyConsultation – public and stakeholdersModelling and Appraisal
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The Dublin Transportation Initiative- The Approach
Ι “DTI was led, not by transport considerations, but by a broader vision for Dublin”
Ι Integrated Land Use/Transportation PlanΙ 20 year projectionsΙ Developing a VisionΙ Setting Objectives & Performance MeasuresΙ Strategic decision AnalysisΙ Multi-modal Transportation ModelΙ Cost: Benefit AnalysisΙ Quantitative & Qualitative Attitudinal Research
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The Dublin Transportation Initiative- Key Components
Ι Better use of existing assets■ Walking/pedestrian strategy■ Cycle strategy■ Access for all
Ι Land use policies-■ focus on city centre and three western towns■ Higher density development along strategic public transport corridors
Ι Quality Bus CorridorsΙ Rail & Metro (DART) enhancements/extensionsΙ Light Rail Transit (LUAS)Ι Park & RideΙ Integrated fares & ticketingΙ Completion of orbital motorway- improved port accessΙ Traffic & parking restraint program
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Dublin Transportation Initiative- Consequences
Ι Established the Dublin Transportation Office
Ι LUAS design & development LUAS planning powers
Ι Creation of Rail Procurement AgencyΙ A Platform for Change (2000)Ι Public Private Partnerships for
deliveryΙ The Transport21 Plan (2005-2015)
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THE DUBLIN LIGHT RAIL PROJECT- “LUAS”
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The Dublin Transportation Initiative- LRT was a Key Component
Ι DTI recommended a three line LRT network
Ι A high capacity solutionΙ A high quality solutionΙ Competitive journey timesΙ 20-50% reduction during peak
periodsΙ LRT to contribute to wider land use
and social cohesion objectives for the Dublin City Region
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LUAS- A Two Line Network
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LUAS – Steer Davies Gleave’s Involvement
Worked from concept to granting of funding for first two lines
Ι Selection of technology
Ι Route development
Ι Preliminary designs
Ι Modelling and appraisal
Ι Traffic assessment
Ι Expert Witness at Planning Inquiries
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European Funding was critical for LUAS construction
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LUAS - Opened in 2004…Well Supported
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…and generated a lot of interest
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LUAS - Key Achievement
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LUAS- Green Line facts
Ι St Stephen’s Green to Sandyford
Ι 8km (5 mile) routeΙ 13 stopsΙ Light rail vehicles 40 metres
long, 300 passengers/80 seatsΙ Former Harcourt Street rail
alignmentΙ Opened June 2004Ι End to end journey time 22
minutes
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LUAS- Red Line Facts
Ι Connolly Station to TallaghtΙ 15 km (9 mile) routeΙ 23 stopsΙ Light Rail vehicles 30
metres long, 235 passengers/60 seats
Ι “Within Highway” systemΙ Opened September 2004Ι End to end journey time 46
minutes
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Ridership
Ι LUAS ridership has been in excess of forecastsΙ Passengers up 17% in 2006 to 26m, up from 22m in 2005Ι Red Line increased patronage by 25% in 2006Ι Tram capacity being increased in response, with all 26 trams on the
Red Line being lengthened from 30m to 40m giving a 40% increase in capacity
Ι Operates without a State subvention. The service recorded a surplus of $1.3 million in 2005 ($900,000 in 2004) - an achievement well ahead of an anticipated deficit of $3.3 million
Ι Success of the scheme has provided the impetus for major expansions of the network under the Government-sponsored Transport 21initiative
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LUAS – Mode Share
Ι 30% of ridership from carΙ 6% new trips
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THE LUAS IMPACT #1 DUBLIN CITY CENTRE
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Street Running… giving direct access to Downtown Dublin
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LUAS- Integration with Mainline Rail Services
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New Downtown development integrated with LUAS
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LUAS Provides a link to the Downtown Financial District
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LUAS- Segregated Right of Way where possible
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LUAS- Shared use of highway can lead to conflicts
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LUAS IMPACT #2: TALLAGHT TOWN CENTRE
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Tallaght – Historic Problems
Ι One of the three “western towns” highlighted in the DTIΙ High car dependency and bus services that are infrequent and difficult
to accessΙ Extensive surface car parkingΙ Low density development, weak retail offerΙ Negative imageΙ Social deprivation –high unemployment & crime rates
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Tallaght “Before”
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Land Use Planning Response to LUAS
Ι Following the introduction of LUAS ‘Local Area Plans’ have been developed and adopted by Local Authorities which seek to maximise the opportunity presented by LUAS to redevelop areas in a sustainable way, with higher densities and major improvements to the urban realm.
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Tallaght Town Centre Masterplan – Building on the Red Line
Ι Planning legislation permits the writing of masterplan frameworks as ‘Local Area Plans’ for areas which:
“require economic, physical and social renewal; and for areas likely to be the subject of large-scale development within the lifetime of a Development Plan”.
Ι Tallaght Town Centre Masterplan adopted in October 2006
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Development around LUAS Stops
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LUAS- Tallaght Town Centre- Marketing of residential development
Tallaght Cross is the face of Dublin’s future - a residential development as the
heart of a focused town centre.
Ι ″The arrival of Danninger's Tallaght Cross marks the enormous transformation of Tallaght's residential development located right on Tallaght town square with the Red LUAS line terminating at its doorstep"
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LUAS- Red Line, Tallaght town centre-successful TOD
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THE LUAS IMPACT #3 RETAIL DEVELOPMENTS
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LUAS- Small Scale Retail Benefits
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LUAS- Changing Retail Offer -taking advantage of LUAS
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LUAS- a “Captive Market”
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LUAS- Increasing “Retail Footfall”
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LUAS- Green Line, Beechwood Stop, New Retail Development
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LUAS- Larger Scale Retail Benefits
Ι Jervis Shopping CentreΙ opened in 1996Ι includes department stores and 50+
specialist shopsΙ LUAS stop outside the CentreΙ developer redesigned Centre, Ι adding extra entrance for direct access
from LUASΙ footfall increased 20%
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LUAS- Green Line, Dundrum - Larger Scale Retail Benefits
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LUAS, Green line Dundrum
Ι Dundrum Shopping CentreΙ Largest retail development in IrelandΙ 1 million sq ft retail + 100-bed hotelΙ Served directly by LUASΙ Integrated design links stop to shop
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THE LUAS IMPACT #4 RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
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LUAS- Transit-Oriented Development…Old…
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LUAS - Transit-Oriented Development…New
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LUAS, Red Line - New Residential Development
Ι Extensive new residential development
Ι Re-zoning of commercial/industrial land
Ι Planning & Development Act 2000Ι Development Levy schemeΙ Residential $175,000/acreΙ Commercial $400,000/acre Ι Contributions passed to RPA to fund
LUAS
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LUAS – Red Line -Smithfield
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Property Impacts
Ι Homes close to both LUAS Dublin LRT lines saw an additional 15% price rise over and above the general increase in prices during the period 2002-2004
(Source: Douglas Newman Good Property Agency)
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LUAS is a Desirable Lifestyle Choice
Irish Times- Property Supplement June 2007
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LUAS- FUTURE PLANS
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Proposed Extensions
Ι Railway Procurement Agency mandated to deliver by 2015:
■ Seven Luas extensions/new lines■ Metro North (Airport), Metro West■ Increased capacity on Red and Green Lines
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Proposed Extensions
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Conclusions
Ι The DTI Initiative has highlighted the benefit of an integrated Regional Transportation Plan
Ι Land Use link is criticalΙ Multi-modal approach is keyΙ Stakeholder inputs generate
“ownership”Ι The DTI has delivered, but even
the best plans cannot always anticipate rate of growth
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Conclusions
Ι LUAS has provided real Transportation Choice
Ι LUAS has generated TODΙ The Development industry can see
the benefitΙ DTI and LUAS has achieved more
than “transportation benefits”Ι The DTI and LUAS has changed the
face of Dublin
62Miami, 2007
For More Information…
Alan Jones, AssociateSteer Davies Gleave
28-32 Upper GroundLondonSE1 9PDUnited KingdomTel: +44 207 919 8500
1000-355 Burrard StreetVancouver, BC, V6C 2G8CanadaTel: 1 604 608 6198
63Miami, 2007
Thank you
