Transformation of GAMPolitical Integration: From the Bullet to the Ballot

Presented by:Andi Saiful HaqDirector of Institute for Transformation Studies (Intrans)

INTRODUCTION

The causes of con�ict:Ÿ Values

Ÿ History

Ÿ Politics

Ÿ Economy and Natural Resources

Ÿ Human Rights Violation

Ÿ History: 1.1.7 The institution of Wali Nanggroe w i t h a l l i t s c e re m o n i a l a t t r i b u t e s a n d entitlements will be established.

Ÿ Politics: 1.2.1 As soon as possible and not later than one year from the signing of this MoU, GoI agrees to and will facilitate the establi shment of Aceh-based political parties that meet national criteria.

MoU HELSINKI (1)

MoU HELSINKI (2)

Ÿ Economic: see all of Chapter 1.3 of MoU: �nancial, tax, revenue, natural resources, seaport, airport etc.

Ÿ Human Rights: 2.3 A Commission for Truth and Reconciliation will be established for Aceh by the Indonesian Commission of Truth and Reconciliation with the task of formulating and determining reconciliation measures.

Ÿ Follow up: UU Pemerintah Aceh August 1st 2006: including issues of Syar iah Law and Aceh Government and Local Parliament in Aceh

POLITICAL HIGHLIGHTS (1)

December 11th 2006: Governor, Mayor/Regent election (PILKADA)

Ÿ Simultaneously/parallel in 21 District level and Province level (governor)

Ÿ Followed by 2.012.370 voters form 21 district and 8.471 Ballots Post (TPS)

Ÿ Followed by 5 pair candidates form National Party and 3 pair candidates from independent

Ÿ GAM and SIRA support the independent candidate Irwandi Yusuf dan Muhammad Nazar

Ÿ Irwandi and Nazar win the governor election with 38,20% voters

POLITICAL HIGHLIGHTS (2)

Ÿ February 15th 2007 Government Bill No. 27 Tahun 2007 on Local Political Party in Aceh.

Ÿ Following the Bill, 10 Local Political Party registered by Ministary of Law and Human Rights:

Partai Aceh (PA), Partai SIRA, Partai Rakyat Aceh (PRA), Par tai Bersatu Aceh (PBA), Partai Aman Seujahtera (PAAS), Partai Daulat Aceh (PDA), Partai A l i a n s i R a k y a t A c e h Pe d u l i Perempuan (PARA), Partai Geuneurasi Atjeh Beusaboh Tha’at dan Tagwa (GABTHAT), Partai Darussalam (PD), dan P a r t a i Lokal Aceh (PLA)

Ÿ But only six Party pass the veri�cation process (participate in 2009 election)

POLITICAL HIGHLIGHTS (3)

Election 2009

Ÿ Partai Aceh is the representative of ex-combatant party

Ÿ Followed 3.009.965 voters

Ÿ Partai Aceh (PA) win the election with 46,93% voters, and win in 12 of 21 district in Aceh

Ÿ Partai Aceh get 33 seat in Province Parliament (DPRA)

Ÿ In tactical coallition with Partai Demokrat, PA support SBY as presdiential candidate, and SBY win 94% voters in Aceh

POLITICAL HIGHLIGHTS (4)

Ÿ Pilkada 2011 (governor, mayor and regent election)

Ÿ Split within the Partai Aceh: Partai Aceh supporting Zaini Abdullah (ex Foreign Affair Minister of GAM) and Muzakkir Manaf (TNA Chief Commanders of GAM) Vs. Irwandi Yusuf (incumbent) and Muhyan Yunan (bureaucrat).

Ÿ Partai Aceh win the Pilkada with 55,78%, or 1.327.695 voters

Ÿ Notes: 27 intimidation, terror and violation case in this election >>> go to the court

POLITICAL HIGHLIGHTS (5)

Election 2014

Ÿ Split of Partai Aceh >>> Partai Nasional Aceh (PNA) established by some Ex-GAM leaders

Ÿ Followed by 2.399.161 voters in 21 district

Ÿ Partai Aceh get 35,34% and PNA get 4,73% (do not pass 5% the Parliamentary threshold)

Ÿ Since 2009, Partai Aceh powerfull in bureaucracy and parliament structure in Aceh

Ÿ Note: declining of support from the voters (46,9 % in 2009 to 35,34% in 2014)

CHALLENGE OF PARTAI ACEH

Ÿ Regeneration

Ÿ Modernization of party

Ÿ How to move from historical values to economic, justice and welfare question

Ÿ How to maintain the public trust by proving that they are able to manage the power

Ÿ The difference between Ex-combatant party with National party (bene�t to the people)

Historical Values vs Economic needs

UNFINISHED HELSINKI AGENDA

Ÿ Human rights court

Ÿ Truth and Reconciliation Commission

Ÿ The question of Syariah law in Aceh

Ÿ Power relation between Aceh and central government (LG to CG, People to People, Party to Party)

END of PRESENTATION - Thank You