Transesterification Process

7/31/2019 Transesterification Process

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PERFORMANCE OFDIESEL ENGINE

FUELED BY BIODIESEL

CONTAININGDIFFERENTCONCENTRATIONS OF

Jatropha curcas OIL



Leaves



Flowers



Fruits



Seeds



The process of taking a

triglyceride molecule or a

complex fatty acid, neutralizing

the free fatty acids, removing

the glycerin, and creating analcohol ester (Biodiesel).



Biodiesel production process:

Instruments: Materials:

-Hot Plate - 70ml Methanol (CH3OH)

-Stirring Rod - 1.75g Potassium Hydroxide(KOH)

-Thermometer - 350ml Jatropha curcas crude oil

- 2 beaker (500ml)

- 1 beaker (1000ml)

- 500ml separatory funnel



Amount of methanol and potassium

hydroxide to be used:

1 Liter of Jatropha crude oil =

200ml of methanol (CH3OH) =

5grams of potassium hydroxide

(KOH).



By ratio and proportion:

1000ml Jat. Oil = 200ml CH3OH X= 70ml of CH3OH350ml X

1000ml Jat. Oil = 5grams KOH Y= 1.75g of KOH

350ml Y





Filtering :

Filter the oil to remove solid particlesusing filter paper. You may have to warm it

up a bit first to get it to run freely, 35o

Cshould be enough.



Removing the water:

Heat the oil first to remove any water content. Waste oil willprobably contain water, which can

slow down the reaction and causesaponification (soap formation).The less water in the oil the better.Raise the temperature to 100oC,hold it for 10 minutes. Remove heatand allow to cool.









Preparing potassium methoxide:

The 70ml methanol is mixed into asolution with the KOH and stir for

20mins, creating potassium methoxidein an exothermic reaction (it gets warmfrom bonds forming). Keep all utensils

the KOH comes in contact with as dry as possible.



CAUTION : Treat potassium methoxide with extreme caution! Do not inhale any vapors! If any potassium methoxide getssplashed on your skin, it will burn you without your feeling it (killing the

nerves). Wash immediately with lots of water. Potassium methoxide is also very corrosive to paints. KOH reacts withaluminum, tin and zinc. Use glass,enamel or stainless steel containers,stainless steel are best.















Heating and Mixing:

Pre-heat Jatropha crudeoil at 60oC. Add thepotassium methoxide to the

oil while stirring; stir themixture for 30 minutes to anhour. The transesterification

process separates the methylesters from the glycerine.

















S li d i



Settling and separation:

Allow the solution to settle andcool for at least eight hours, preferably longer. The methyl esters (biodiesel) will be floating on top while the

denser glycerine will have congealedon the bottom of the containerforming a hard gelatinous mass. The

semi-liquid glycerine has a dark browncolor and the biodiesel is honey-colored.











When not enough KOH is used thereaction does not go far enough so some

unreacted oil will be mixed with thebiodiesel and glycerine. This will formthree levels with biodiesel on top above

unreacted oil with glycerine on thebottom. If there is too much water in theoil it will form soaps and settle rightabove the glycerine forming a fourth level

in the container.



Bi di l



Biodiesel recovery

By transesterification, the instrumentsand materials and processes were carefully

computed and analyzed. On January 21, 2010,24hrs after the transesterification conducted,the biodiesel recovery was 100ml out of 350ml and it shows 26% biodiesel recovery.

1 week after, January 28, 2010, another 100ml of biodiesel were recovered and it shows 57%biodiesel recovery. After 1 month, thehighest recovery of biodiesel recovered was230ml out of 350ml and the result is 66% of the total biodiesel recovery.









Bi di l



Biodiesel recovery

By transesterification, the instrumentsand materials and processes were carefully

computed and analyzed. On January 21,2010, 24hrs after the transesterificationconducted, the biodiesel recovery was 100mlout of 350ml and it shows 26% biodieselrecovery. 1week after, January 28, 2010,another 100ml of biodiesel were recoveredand it shows 57% biodiesel recovery. After 1month, the highest recovery of biodieselrecovered was 230ml out of 350ml and theresult is 66% of the total biodiesel recovery.



. Selected Diesel Engine



Diesel



95% Diesel + 5% Biodiesel



90% Diesel + 10% Biodiesel







Mixing of Biodiesel and Pure diesel



5% biodiesel + Pure diesel





Fuelling the tank



Draining the Fuel Tank



Exhaust Quality



10% Biodiesel, Drained 5% Biodiesel & Pure Diesel



Drained pure Diesel, 5% Biodiesel and Unused pure diesel



Drained 20% Biodiesel



Drained 40% Biodiesel



Documents

Transesterification Process