TRANSCRIPTION. Bell Ringer – 04/17 What is Gene Expression? Information in genes is used to…

TRANSCRIPTION

Bell Ringer – 04/17 What is Gene Expression? Information in genes is used to

build ___________.

Learning Target: We will describe the steps of transcription.Closure task: I will complete the Transcription Practice Problems

Agenda Transcription Transcription practice problems Intro to translation

Take notes on your handoutsGene Expression:

Stage 1: Stage 2:

Dinosaur DNA!As you watch the following video, answer the following:1. Where did the DNA for dinosaurs come

from?2. What parts of the video are true and

which parts are false?

Jurassic Park! https://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=mDTaykXudVI

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mDTaykXudVI



Big Picture

DNA

Genes

Proteins

You!

Transcription video https://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=41_Ne5mS2ls

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=41_Ne5mS2ls



Transcription Definition: Annotate the image

Three steps of transcription1.

2.

3.

*Note:

Skip to the Key Vocabulary section Messenger RNA (mRNA):

DNA vs RNADNA RNA

Creating a mRNA sequence DNA A codes for RNA U DNA T codes for RNA A DNA G codes for RNA C DNA C codes for RNA G

DNA Sequence: A T T T G C G

mRNA Sequence: U A A A C G C

Find the mRNA sequence of the following DNA strand

T T A G C C A T G C

A A U C G G U A C G

The process of DNA RNA is called TRANSCRIPTION

Practice ProblemsUsing your knowledge of transcription, complete the practice problems.

TranslationDefinition:

Complete gene expressionTranscription & Translation https://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=zwibgNGe4aY

Key Vocabulary during Video: Codon: Ribosome: Ribosomal RNA (rRNA):

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zwibgNGe4aY



Translation specifics https://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=1PSwhTGFMxs

Key Vocabulary during Video:Transfer RNA (tRNA):

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1PSwhTGFMxs



DNA has the information for our cells to make proteins.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy





Keep yourhard copy safe in the

nucleus




nucleus




nucleus




nucleus




nucleus




nucleus

All 3 RNAs What are the three different types of RNA?

Exit Slip Compare replication to

transcription. What is the starting and ending

products? Where does it happen?

How did you do? Rate yourself!I can describe the stages of transcription.

I completed the Transcription Practice Problems.

TRANSLATION

DOO

R

PROJECTOR

FRONT TABLE

LAB TABLE

Period 1

LAB TABLE

LAB TABLE LAB TABLE

Lucas

Katherine

Markel

Zachary

Corie

Cheyenne

Blake

Nathanael

Gavin Miles

Robert

Jessica H.

Christian

Justin

AnnaArnoldo

Jessica P.

BrentKambria

Maria

Tyler

Deshawn

DOO

R

PROJECTOR

FRONT TABLE

LAB TABLE

Period 2

LAB TABLE

LAB TABLE LAB TABLE

Deja

Charles

Rosario

Havanaa

Steven

Shakira

Jesus

Daymontria

Natalie

Adrianne

ClaraAustin

Breonna

Michael

TylerHasret

Cheyenne

Gabriel

Vishawn

Chelsea

Raudel

DOO

R

PROJECTOR

FRONT TABLE

LAB TABLE

Period 4

LAB TABLE

LAB TABLE LAB TABLE

Dejon

TerresiaAlejandro

Herschel

Elizabeth

Donovan

Crescencia

Ariadne

Jacob

Brevin

Jonathan

Devin

John

Kaylah

Destiny

Mirrissa

Christian

DOO

R

PROJECTOR

FRONT TABLE

LAB TABLE

Period 5

LAB TABLE

LAB TABLE LAB TABLE

DaltonAndrew

JonathanGarrison Trenten

Le

Nick

Rehema

Ezra

Matthew

Phillip

Detarius

Amber

Sheyanne

John

David

Austin

Celest

Bell Ringer – 04/20

Learning Target: We will describe the steps of translation.Closure task: I will complete the Translation Practice Problems.

1. What are the starting and ending products of transcription?

2. What is the mRNA strand for the following DNA strand?

DNA: G G A T T C G A G T A A G CmRNA:

Agenda Steps of translation Foldable Mutations & Translation Translation practice

TranslationDefinition:

Complete gene expressionTranscription & Translation https://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=zwibgNGe4aY

Key Vocabulary during Video: Codon: Ribosome: Ribosomal RNA (rRNA):




Translation specifics https://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=1PSwhTGFMxs

OR http://www.pbslearningmedia.org/resourc

e/tdc02.sci.life.gen.proteinsynth/from-dna-to-protein/en/

Key Vocabulary during Video:Transfer RNA (tRNA):




http://www.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/tdc02.sci.life.gen.proteinsynth/from-dna-to-protein/en/











nucleus




nucleus




nucleus




nucleus




nucleus




nucleus

All 3 RNAs What are the three different types of RNA?

Annotate the image! Annotate translation image

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Four steps of translation

Step 1 - Ribosome attaches to the start codon (AUG) of mRNA.Step 2 - tRNAs (which carry amino acids) with anticodons that match the codons enter the ribosome as it moves down the mRNA.

Four steps of translation

Step 3 - The ribosome build a protein using the amino acids brought by the tRNAs.Step 4 - Ribosome reaches a stop codon, releasing the ribosome and completed protein!

OverviewDetails Replication Transcriptio

nTranslation

What we start with

DNA DNA mRNA

What we make

DNA mRNA Proteins

Where this happens

Nucleus Nucleus Cytoplasm

Why we care

We need accurate copies of our DNA in new cells

The link between DNA and proteins

We need to produce accurate proteins

How to read a codon chart mRNA: AUG GGA UAC CUC UGA

PracticeDNA: T T A C C A A G C CmRNA: A A U G G U U C G GCodons: AUG GUU CGGAmino Acids: Methionine Valine Arginine

Back to the foldable Take out the foldable that we

filled out before Follow along as we complete the

rest of the foldable. The inside should contain a mRNA

sequence and amino acid sequence

Complete the practice problems on the handout

Big Picture1 •Nucleotide order of gene

2 •Nucleotide order of mRNA

3 •Order of Amino Acids

4 •Protein Shape

5 •Protein Function

Back to mutationsWhat are the different types of mutations?

How do mutations affect the production of proteins? Changes in amino acid sequence = changes in protein shape

Why is translation important?

Original DNA

DNA: T T A C C A A G C C

mRNA: A A U G G U U C G G

Codons: AUG GUU CGG

Amino Acids: Methionine Valine Arginine

Mutated DNA

Original DNA: T T A C C A A G C CMutated DNA: T T A C C G A G C CmRNA: A A U G G C U C G GCodons: AUG GCU CGGAmino Acids: Methionine Alanine Arginine

Exit Slip

DNA: A T A C G T A A C CmRNA: Codons: Amino Acids:How did you do? Rate yourself!

I can describe the stages of translation.I completed the Translation Practice Problems.

DOO

R

PROJECTOR

FRONT TABLE

LAB TABLE

Period 1

LAB TABLE

LAB TABLE LAB TABLE

Lucas

Katherine

Markel

Zachary

Corie

Cheyenne

Blake

Nathanael

Gavin Miles

Robert

Jessica H.

Christian

Justin

AnnaArnoldo

Jessica P.

BrentKambria

Marie

Tyler

Deshawn

DOO

R

PROJECTOR

FRONT TABLE

LAB TABLE

Period 2

LAB TABLE

LAB TABLE LAB TABLE

Deja

Charles

Rosario

Havanaa

Steven

Shakira

Jesus

Daymontria

Natalie

Adrianne

ClaraAustin

Breonna

Michael

TylerHasret

Cheyenne

Gabriel

Vishawn

Chelsea

Raudel

DOO

R

PROJECTOR

FRONT TABLE

LAB TABLE

Period 4

LAB TABLE

LAB TABLE LAB TABLE

Dejon

TerresiaAlejandro

Herschel

Elizabeth

Donovan

Crescencia

Ariadne

Jacob

Brevin

Jonathan

Devin

John

Kaylah

Destiny

Mirrissa

Christian

DOO

R

PROJECTOR

FRONT TABLE

LAB TABLE

Period 5

LAB TABLE

LAB TABLE LAB TABLE

DaltonAndrew

JonathanGarrison Trenten

Le

Nick

Rehema

Ezra

Matthew

Phillip

Detarius

Amber

Sheyanne

John

David

Austin

Celest


Learning Target: We will determine the effects of mutations on an amino acid sequence.

Closure task: I will ace the transcription & translation quiz!

1. Where does transcription occur? Where does translation occur?

2. What are three differences between DNA and RNA?

Quiz today!

Agenda Quick review Translation model Big picture Translation practice worksheet Mutations and translation Transcription & Translation quiz

Quick review of transcription & translation

http://www.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/lsps07.sci.life.stru.celltrans/cell-transcription-and-translation/





TranslationEach groups should have:

One mRNA strand Five tRNA molecules

Match up the appropriate tRNA to the mRNA

Translation modelUsing the codon chart, figure out what nucleotide each color represents.

Fill in the information below: Amino Acid: Codon: mRNA: DNA:

Back to the foldable Take out the foldable that we

filled out before Follow along as we complete the

rest of the foldable. The inside should contain a mRNA

sequence and amino acid sequence

Complete the practice problems on the handout

Big Picture1

2

3

4

5


2

3

4

5



3

4

5




4

5




4 •Protein Shape

5




4 •Protein Shape

5 •Protein Function

Back to mutationsWhat are the different types of mutations?

How do mutations affect the production of proteins? Changes in amino acid sequence = changes in protein shape


Mutations

Insertion

Silent mutation

Original DNA

DNA: T T A C C A A G C C

mRNA: A A U G G U U C G G

Codons: AUG GUU CGG

Amino Acids: Methionine Valine Arginine

Mutated DNA

Original DNA: T T A C C A A G C CMutated DNA: T T A C C G A G C CmRNA: A A U G G C U C G GCodons: AUG GCU CGGAmino Acids: Methionine Alanine Arginine

Complete Translation Exit Slip handout

Quick review Genes contain information to build proteins Proteins carry out important functions in the cell The protein that is expressed is determined by

the gene’s nucleotide sequence (A,C, T, G) Proteins are sequences of amino acids The order of nucleotides in a gene determines

the order of amino acids – the amino acid determines the protein’s shape which determines function

PROTEIN SHAPE DETERMINES PROTEIN FUNCTION

Transcription Occurs in nucleus Produces mRNA using a gene as a

template mRNA – RiboNucleic Acid

Contains the sugar Ribose Instead of Thymine – T, mRNA uses

Uracil – U mRNA is single stranded

Translation Occurs in the cytoplasmRibosomes read the mRNA stand and coordinate the addition of amino acids in the proper sequence.

Produces proteins

Genetic Information is first expressed as RNA

There are three types of RNA mRNA – messenger RNA carries

information from the nucleus to the cytoplasm where protein is made/translated

tRNA – transfer RNA – transfers amino acids to a protein .

rRNA – ribosomal RNA These RNA strands function in assembling

amino acids to make proteins

Intro to Gene Expression Poster You will be completing a poster that

demonstrates the harmful impacts of mutations.

Things you will need: Poster checklist Poster DNA sequence slip Need to know box on pg. 459 Poster template on pg. 460

Create a poster Create a poster comparing Normal alleles

with Sickle – cell alleles Your poster will need to include

Genotype DNA sequence mRNA sequence Polypeptide structure Shape of hemoglobin molecule Behavior of the hemoglobin molecule Shape of the red blood cell under low oxygen Medical implications

Exit SlipWhat effect does a DNA mutation have on the protein the cell makes?

What part (if any) of transcription and translation do you have trouble understanding?

How did you do? Rate yourself!We will determine the effects of mutations on

an amino acid sequenceI will ace the transcription & translation quiz!

TRANSCRIPTION & TRANSLATION QUIZ


Learning Target: We will determine the effects of mutations on an amino acid sequence.Closure task: I will ace the transcription & translation quiz!

Fill in the blanks:1. During ___________ a mRNA is

created in the ________.2. The mRNA then travels into the

_________, where ________ occurs.3. _________ makes a chain of amino

acids as it moves down the mRNA.Quiz today!

AgendaWhiteboards reviewTranscription & Translation quiz

Normal vs Sickle Cell Poster

Whiteboards!One side of tRNA has an ______ ______ and the other side has a __________ Amino acid, anticodon

Whiteboards!Where does transcription occur and what is the product? Nucleus & mRNA

Where does translation occur and what is the product? Cytoplasm & protein (amino acid chain)

What is the mRNA strand for the following DNA strand?

DNA: T A C G G A C T TmRNA: A U G C C U G A A

What is the function of ribosomes? Build proteins

What are the possible codons for the amino acid ASP? GAU or GAC

We use genes as the templates for making __________. mRNA

What is the amino acid sequence for the following mRNA strand?

mRNA: AUG GGU AAG MET GLY LYS

What are the three differences between DNA & RNA? DNA: deoxyribose, Thymine, double stranded

RNA: ribose, Uracil, single stranded

Transcription Occurs in nucleus Produces mRNA using a gene as a

template mRNA – RiboNucleic Acid

Contains the sugar Ribose Instead of Thymine – T, mRNA uses

Uracil – U mRNA is single stranded

Translation Occurs in the cytoplasmRibosomes read the mRNA stand and coordinate the addition of amino acids in the proper sequence.

Produces proteins

Genetic Information is first expressed as RNA

There are three types of RNA mRNA – messenger RNA carries

information from the nucleus to the cytoplasm where protein is made/translated

tRNA – transfer RNA – transfers amino acids to a protein .

rRNA – ribosomal RNA These RNA strands function in assembling

amino acids to make proteins







DNA Sequence

mRNA Sequence

Amino Acid Sequence

DNA Sequence

mRNA Sequence

Amino Acid Sequence

Picture of normal blood

Normal blood

Sickle Cell blood

Behavior: How does

normal hemoglobin behave under low oxygen?

Picture of how

normal blood

behaves under low

oxygen

Medical implication

s

Picture of sickle cell

blood

Behavior: How does sickle cell hemoglobin behave under low oxygen?

Picture of how sickle cell blood behaves

under low oxygen

Medical implication

s

Exit SlipWhat effect does a DNA mutation have on the protein the cell makes?

What part (if any) of transcription and translation do you have trouble understanding?


an amino acid sequenceI will ace the transcription & translation quiz!


Learning Target: We will determine the effects of mutations on hemoglobin.Closure task: I will complete my sickle cell anemia poster.

Human DNA is made up of 29% Adenine, 21% Guanine, 29% Thymine, and 21% Cytosine.• What does this data tell us about our

DNA composition?

What if a mutation does not change the amino acid sequence. Will this mutation affect protein function?


Learning Target: We will determine the effects of mutations on hemoglobin.Closure task: I will complete my sickle cell anemia poster.

Open up your textbooks to pg. 460

Write down “posters” for your bell ringer.

AgendaNormal vs Sickle Cell PosterReview for test







Summary of poster project What was the main purpose of this

activity?

Review

Topics on the unit exam:DNA structureDNA replicationMitosisTranscriptionTranslation

DNA structure Take our your annotated DNA structure

handout DNA is made up of units called __________.

nucleotides

DNA structure __________ hold the two DNA strands

together. The only part that changes from

nucleotide to nucleotide is the __________________.

Hydrogen bonds

Nitrogen Base

DNA Replication Step 1: An enzyme (helicase) _________ the

DNA. Step 2: Another enzyme (DNA polymerase)

binds to each DNA strand and creates ________________________________

What are the complementary base pairs? A – T C - G

Unzips

a new DNA strand on each old DNA strand

DNA Replication

Semi-conservative replication

Cell Cycle During which phase does DNA

replication occur? S phase

What are the four stages of mitosis? Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase,

Telophase What phase does the cell spend

most of its time? Interphase

Cell Cycle

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wy3N5NCZBHQ





Mitosis

Cell Differentiation

Each cell has the same DNA, but has a different function.

Transcription




Translation

Exit SlipWhat is complementary base pairing?

What is wrong with cancer cells?


hemoglobin.I will complete my sickle cell anemia poster.

MOLECULAR GENETICS UNIT TEST


Learning Target: We will review for the gene expression unit test.Closure task: I will ace the gene expression unit test!

1.What are the three parts of a nucleotide?

2.What are the four stages of the cell cycle?

Unit Test today!

AgendaReview for Unit testUnit test!Human cloning????

Review

Topics on the unit exam:DNA structureDNA replicationMitosisTranscriptionTranslation

DNA structure Take our your annotated DNA structure

handout DNA is made up of units called __________.

nucleotides

DNA structure __________ hold the two DNA strands

together. The only part that changes from

nucleotide to nucleotide is the __________________.

Hydrogen bonds

Nitrogen Base

DNA Replication Step 1: An enzyme (helicase) _________ the

DNA. Step 2: Another enzyme (DNA polymerase)

binds to each DNA strand and creates ________________________________

What are the complementary base pairs? A – T C - G

Unzips

a new DNA strand on each old DNA strand

DNA Replication

Semi-conservative replication

Cell Cycle During which phase does DNA

replication occur? S phase

What are the four stages of mitosis? Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase,

Telophase What phase does the cell spend

most of its time? Interphase

Cell Cycle






Mitosis

CancerWhat is wrong with cancerous cells? Uncontrolled cell division

Cell Differentiation

Each cell has the same DNA, but has a different function.

TranscriptionStep 1: RNA polymerase (enzyme) _________ DNA molecule

Step 2: RNA polymerase reads and builds a __________

mRNA replaces _______ with _______

unzips

mRNA strand

ThymineUracil

Transcription




After transcription….After transcription, the mRNA travels from the ___________ to the ____________

NucleusCytoplas

m

TranslationStep 1: __________ binds to the mRNA.

Step 2: ______ bring amino acids to the ________

Step 3: The ________ reads the mRNA codons and builds a ______________________

RibosometRNA

ribosome ribosom

echain of amino acids (protein)

Translation

Mutations

Insertion

Silent mutation

Extra Human Cloning

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pPz8LEQqARo

Heart from stem cells https://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=j9hEFUpTVPA



https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j9hEFUpTVPA

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j9hEFUpTVPA

Exit SlipWhat activities/videos/worksheets helped you during this unit?

What activities/videos/worksheets did not help you this unit?

What could I have done to make the material clearer?

How did you do? Rate yourself!We will review for the gene expression unit

test.I will ace the gene expression unit test!

GENE EXPRESSION UNIT TEST RECOVERY


Learning Target: We will recover the gene expression unit test.Closure task: I will take the recovery quiz for at the least one standard.

1. What activities/videos/worksheets helped you during this unit?

2. What activities/videos/worksheets did not help you this unit?

3. What could I have done to make the material clearer?

AgendaRecover the gene expression unit test!

Unit test recovery Use the Self Assessment

handout to determine which standards you have to recover.

Complete the handout(s) for the specific standard(s) you have to recover.

The last 15 minutes of class we will take the recovery quizzes.

I will need all of the tests back at the end of class

Useful pages for recoveryDNA structure & replication: 512

Cell Cycle & Mitosis: 578Protein synthesis: 521

Exit SlipWrite down 5 words that comes to mind when you hear the word “Ecology.”

Write down 3 words that come to mind when you hear the phrase “food webs.”

How did you do? Rate yourself!We will recover the gene expression unit test.

I will take the recovery quiz for at the least one standard.

Extract your own DNA http://

www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/body/extract-your-dna.html

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/body/extract-your-dna.html



Journey into human DNA http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/body/jour

ney-into-human-dna.html

Notes Bond types: Covalent and Hydrogen

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/body/journey-into-human-dna.html



Gene Expression We are a skin cell and we

need to make the protein collagen.

What is the first step in gene expression?

What is the second step in gene expression?

Think-Pair-Share

Translation

Transcription & Translation


Protein structure Proteins are made

up of amino acids. Depending on the

interaction of those amino acids, they form different 3D shapes.

Their function depends on their shape

Exit question The mRNA sequence UGC codes for Cys.

A mutation occurs and the resulting sequence is UGG.

What amino acid would replace Cys?

Bellringer What is the RNA sequence for the amino

acid sequence Pro-Asn-Gly? A) CUU-AAU-GUU B) CUU-CGU-UAG C)CCU-AAU-GGU D)GCU-GUG-CUG

Standard Topic: Translation Learning Target: I can describe

transcription Closure Task: I will complete the

translation quiz

T-P-I instructions. T= teacher. You will be working with me at the

back table P=pairs. You will find another “P” and work

together to fix/finish your work. I=independent. You will work on your own to

complete the next worksheet. All students need to work on #2 describing

translation. You need to tell me the roles of the 3 types of RNA in translation.

You will turn the blue sheets back in at the end of class

You will also be completing a yellow worksheet.

Bellringer

Person A and B have a similar mRNA sequences.

What is the difference in the amino acid sequence?

Learning Target: I can describe translation

Closure Task: I will complete the translation quiz

Person A

AUG CCU ACA AGC GGC CUA

Person B

AUG CCU AGA AGC GGC CUA

Documents

TRANSCRIPTION. Bell Ringer – 04/17 What is Gene Expression? Information in genes is used to…