Transactional Leadership

• Transactional Leadership

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Leadership Situational and contingency theories

1 The path-goal model can be classified both as a contingency

theory, as it depends on the circumstances, and as a

transactional leadership theory, as the theory emphasizes the

reciprocity behavior between the leader and the followers.


Leadership Transactional and transformational theories

1 Idiosyncrasy Credits, first posited by Edward Hollander (1971) is one

example of a concept closely related to transactional leadership.


Leadership styles - Transactional

1 In a survey done by Jun Liu, Xiaoyu Liu and Xianju Zeng on the correlation of Transactional

leadership and how innovations can be affected by team emotions


Industrial and organizational psychology - Contingency-focused approaches

1 The second is transactional leadership, which is most concerned

with keeping subordinates in-line with deadlines and organizational

policy


Transactional leadership - Textbook Edit: Transactional Leaders

1 Transactional leadership establishes and standardizes practices that will

help the organization reach maturity, emphasizing setting of goals,

efficiency of operation, and increase of productivity. "


Transactional leadership - Textbook Edit: Transactional Leaders

1 Leaders using transactional leadership as a model pay attention

to followers' work in order to find faults and deviations


Transactional leadership - Maslow's hierarchy of needs

1 One way that transactional leadership focuses on lower level needs is by stressing specific task

performance


Transactional leadership - Maslow's hierarchy of needs

1 With transactional leadership being applied to the lower-level needs and being more managerial in style, it is

a foundation for transformational leadership which applies to higher-

level needs.


Transactional leadership - Qualities of transactional leadership

1 Transactional leadership is primarily passive. The behaviors most associated with this type of

leadership are establishing the criteria for rewarding followers and

maintaining the status quo.


Transactional leadership - Qualities of transactional leadership

1 Within transactional leadership, there are two factors, contingent reward and

management-by-exception. Contingent reward provides rewards for effort and

recognizes good performance. Management-by-exception maintains the status quo, intervenes when subordinates

do not meet acceptable performance levels, and initiates corrective action to

improve performance.


Transactional leadership - Theory Y and Theory X

1 Douglas McGregor's Theory Y and Theory X can also be compared with these two leadership styles.Theory X can be compared with Transactional Leadership where managers need to

rule by fear and consequences. In this style and theory, negative

behavior is punished and employees are motivated through incentives.


Transactional leadership - Examples of transactional leadership

1 Coaches of athletic teams provide one example of transactional

leadership. These leaders motivate their followers by promoting the

reward of winning the game. They instill such a high level of

commitment that their followers are willing to risk pain and injury to

obtain the results that the leader is asking for.


Transactional leadership - Examples of transactional leadership

1 Another example of transactional leadership is former Wisconsin state senator, Joseph

McCarthy


Shared leadership - Number and types of leadership

1 Not surprisingly, shared leadership has been shown to increase the

number and types of leadership (for example, transformational

leadership; transactional leadership; and consideration and initiating

structure


Transformational leadership - Development of concept

1 Burns theorized that transforming and transactional leadership were mutually

exclusive styles.



1 Finally, in contrast to Burns, Bass suggested that leadership can simultaneously display both

transformational and transactional leadership.



1 Now 30 years of research and a number of meta-analyses have

shown that transformational and transactional leadership positively

predicts a wide variety of performance outcomes including

individual, group and organizational level variables.


James MacGregor Burns

1 Burns' Leadership (1978) introduced two types of leadership:

Transactional leadership where leaders focus on the relationship

between the leader and follower, and Transformational leadership where leaders focus on the beliefs, needs

and values of their followers.


Trait leadership - History of research on trait leadership

1 During this period of widespread rejection, several dominant theories

took the place of trait leadership theory, including Fiedler’s (1967)

contingency model, Blake and Mouton’s (1964) managerial grid, Hersey and Blanchard’s (1969)

situational leadership model, and transformational and transactional leadership models (Avolio, Sosik,

Jung, & Berson, 2003; Bass, 1985; Podsakoff, MacKenzie, Moorman, &

Fetter, 1990).


Organizational citizenship behavior - Antecedents

1 Two types of behaviors representative of transactional

leadership style, contingent reward behavior and non-contingent punishment behavior, have

significant relationships with Organ’s dimensions of OCB


Idiosyncrasy Credits - Transactional leadership model

1 The most commonly employed framework is the transactional

leadership (TLM), which explains the relationship between a leader and

their followers on an individual-individual basis


Leader - Situational and contingency theories

1 The path-goal model can be classified both as a Contingency leadership theory|contingency theory, as it depends on the

circumstances, and as a Transactional leadership|

transactional leadership theory, as the theory emphasizes the

reciprocity behavior between the leader and the followers.


Leader - Transactional and transformational theories

1 Idiosyncrasy Credits, first posited by Edward Hollander (1971) is one

example of a concept closely related to transactional leadership.


Industrial psychology - Occupational health and safety

1 Safety leadership: A meta-analytic review of transformational and

transactional leadership styles as antecedents of safety

behavioursJournal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 86,

22-49.Mullen, J., Kelloway, E


Innovation leadership - Types of Leadership Styles Involved

1 Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 29, 239-264 transactional leadership,Moss, S


Innovation leadership - Value-added Innovation

1 Examples of companies whose innovation leaders use transactional

leadership for value-added innovation purposes include Toyota Motor Co., General Motors Corp, and Ford Motor Co.; examples of these

companies’ value-added innovations such as making improvements on

existing cars by making them faster, more comfortable, and getting better

gas mileagehttps://store.theartofservice.com/the-transactional-leadership-toolkit.html

Leadership versus management - Transactional and transformational theories

1 The transformational and transactional

leadership of men and women


Leadership versus management - Management

1 Debate is fairly common about whether the use of these terms

should be restricted, and generally reflects an awareness of the

distinction made by Burns (1978) between transactional leadership

(characterized by e.g


Industrial/organizational psychology - Occupational health and safety

1 Safety leadership: A meta-analytic review of transformational and

transactional leadership styles as antecedents of safety

behavioursJournal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 86,

22-49.Mullen, J., Kelloway, E


Transaction - Other uses

1 *Transactional leadership, a leadership style described by James MacGregor Burns


Ambidextrous organization - Ambidextrous Leadership

1 The transactional leadership style promotes exploitative

behaviors


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Transactional Leadership