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� AwaKvi wK?� gvbevwaKvi ej‡Z wK eySvq? � †gŠwjK AwaKvi Kv‡K e‡j? gvbevwaKvi Ges †gŠwjK AwaKv‡ii g‡a¨

cv_©K¨ mgyn� Drm Ges gvbevwaKvi Dbœqb, gvbevwaKv‡ii Dcv`vb� gvbevwaKv‡ii gvb`Û� gvbevwaKvi jsNb� gvbevwaKvi ch©‡e¶‡b gvb`‡Ûi e¨envi

� cÖ‡qvRb Ges AwaKvi: avibvMZ ˆewkó¨� AwaKvi wfwËK G‡ÎvP Ges ¶gZvq‡bi mv‡_ Gi m¤úK© � ¯’vbxq Dbœq‡b AwaKvi wfwËK e¨e¯’vi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv

� †RÛvi wK?� †RÛvi mgZv I b¨vqcivqbZv� Dbœq‡b †RÛv‡ii e¨envi

� myykvmb wK?� mykvm‡bi A_© wK? � mykvm‡bi g~j Dcv`vb mgyn wK wK? � mykvmb I gvbevwaKv‡ii cÖavb †hvMm~Î mg~n� mykvm‡bi cÖavb evuavmgyn

� ¯’vbxq kvmb wK?� MYZvwš¿K kvmb wK?� ¯’vbxq miKvi wK?� ¯’vbxq miKv‡ii KvVv‡gv� evsjv‡`‡ki BDwbqb cwil‡`i KvVv‡gv I Kvhv©ejx� BDwbqb cwil‡`i ÷¨vwÛs KwgwU I Zv‡`i Kvhv©ejx� ¯’vbxq MYZvwš¿K kvm‡bi gvb`Û� ¯’vbxq mykvmb cÖwZôvq evuavmg~n

6-9

10-39

40-47

48-58

59-69

70-88

lô Aa¨vqtAskMÖnYg~jK cwiKíbv Ges ev‡RU

mßg Aa¨vqtZ_¨ AwaKvi Ges ¯’vbxq kvmb

Aóg Aa¨vqtwjM¨vj GBW Ges b¨vq wePv‡i cÖ‡KvMg¨Zv

beg Aa¨vqtMÖvgxb wePvi e¨e¯’v

`kg Aa¨vqtcÖwk¶b cieZ©x g~j¨vqb

� cwiKjcbv Ges AskMÖnYg~jK cwiKíbv wK? � AskMÖnYg~jK cwiKíbvi cÖavb cÖavb avc I mgq Pµ� BDwbqb cwil‡`i A‡_©i cÖavb cÖavb Drm mg~n� BDwbqb cwil‡`i ev‡RU Pµ

� Z_¨ AwaKvi wK (AviwUAvB G¨v± 2009)?� BDwbqb cwil‡` Z_¨ AwaKvi AvB‡bi weavb� BDwbqb cwil` chv©‡q RbM‡Yi Z_¨ AwaKvi Dbœq‡bi Dcvq

� AvBb mnvqZv wK?� evsjv‡`‡k AvBb mnvqZvi wewamg~n

� evsjv‡`‡k MÖvgxb wePvi e¨e¯’v � Mªvg Av`vjZ wK? � MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi KvVv‡gv, AvBbMZ GL&wZqvi Ges ¶gZv� MÖvg Av`vjZ Kvh©KixKi‡Y BDwbqb cwil‡`i f~wgKv

� cÖwkÿ‡b mvovcÖ`v‡bi gvÎv� cÖkœ -DËi� wKfv‡e cÖwk¶bv_x©MY GB cÖwk¶‡bi Ávb I wk¶v Kv‡R jvMv‡e?

89-98

99-104

105-111

112-121

122-124

cvZvDcv`vb welq m~Px

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv4 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 5

m~Pbv

1. cÖviw¤¢Kv

1.1 jwÿZ cvVKmgvR

1.2 jÿ¨ I D‡Ïk¨

D‡Ïk¨ mg~n: GB cwkÿY mnvwqKvwU

gvbevwaKvi I ’vbxq kvmb welqK cÖwkÿb mnvwqKvwU wcAviGwWwR cÖK‡íi Ask wn‡m‡e Zix Kiv n‡q‡Q| ’vbxq miKvi cÖwZwbwa, mykxj mgv‡Ri Kvh©Kix j, AwZ-`wi`ª j Ges Ab¨vb¨ ’vbxq †÷K‡nvìvi hviv ’vbxq mykvmb wb‡q KvR K‡i Zv‡`i ÿZv, mvg©_¨ Ges vwhZ¡‡eva evov‡bvi Rb¨ cÖwkÿb g¨vbyqvjwU mnvqK‡`i †Kvm© cwiPvjbvi wb‡`©wkKv wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ n‡e| GUv wcAviGwWwR cÖK‡íi Kg© GjvKvq ¯’vbxq mykvmb cÖwZôvi cÖK‡íi D‡Ïk¨ AR©‡b cwic~iK wn‡m‡e KvR Ki‡e| hviv wewfbœ ch©v‡q gvbevwaKvi cwiwQwZ Z`viwK K‡i, AskMÖnYg~jK Ges bvix-evÜe Dbœqb cwiKíbv (ev‡RU mn) Zix‡Z Ae`vb iv‡L, mvwe©K Dbœq‡b mykvm‡bi †KŠkj‡K AMÖvwaKvi †`q Ges Kvh©Kwi K‡i| Zv‡`i Rb¨ GB mnvwqKvwU gvbevwaKv‡ii evsjv Ges Gi KvVv‡gv MZ wel‡q mvwe©K aviYv cÖ`vb Ki‡e Ges cvkvcvwk wb‡`©kK DcKiY wn‡m‡e KvR Ki‡e| GB mnvwqKvwU‡Z gvbevwaKv‡ii avibv, †RÐvi, mykvmb Ges mvgvwRK I AvBbMZ myiÿvi wewfbœ welq¸‡jv‡K AvšÍR©vwZK gvbevwaKv‡ii gvb`Ð Ges RvZxq AvBb I cwjwmi mv‡_ mgwš^Z K‡i Dc¯’vcb Kiv n‡q‡Q| ZGwU, AwaKvi wfwËK †KŠkj hv‡`i Rb¨ cÖ‡qvM Kiv hv‡e †m m¤ú‡K©I GKUv KvVv‡gvMZ avibv| GB mnvwqKvwU‡Z gvbevwaKv‡ii me©Rb cÖ`vb Ki‡e ^xK…Z g~jbxwZ I mykvmb‡K AšÍ©fz³ Kiv n‡q‡Q hv mvd¨‡ji Rb¨ mvavib wb‡`©kK| hv‡nvK, GB g¨vbyqvjwUi g‡a¨ A‡bK¸‡jv Aa¨vq Av‡Q, †h¸‡jv evsjv‡`‡k wcAviGwWwR cÖKí GjvKvq AMÖvwaKvi welq I wb‡`©kvejx ev¯Íevq‡b m¤ú~iK wn‡m‡e KvR Ki‡e|

GB cwÖ kÿb mnvwqKvwU en„ Ëi cvVKmgv‡Ri D‡Ï‡k¨ cYÖ xZ n‡q‡Q| cwÖ kÿb mnvwqKvwU c_Ö ‡gB v’ bxq miKvi cwÖ Zwbwa, wmGmGwR Ges BDwcwRi m`m¨‡`i vwqZ¡ I KZe© ¨¸‡jvi cwÖ Z Av‡jvKcvZ K‡i‡Q| GB mnvwqKvwU †h mKj mky xj mgv‡Ri msMVb Ges Ab¨vb¨ cwÖ Zôvb hviv evsjv‡`‡k gvbevwaKvi Ges mky vmb Kvhµ© ‡gi cwÖ ZwbwaZ¡ Ki‡Q Zv‡`i c‡Ö Póv KvhK© wi Kivi‡ÿ‡Î mnvqK n‡e|

cÖwkÿb mnvwqKvwU evsjv‡`‡k cÖKí Kg©GjvKvq mywbw`ó gvbevwaKvi j•Nb Bm¨y‡Z mswkøô‡`i mv‡_ Awacivgk© Kivi †ÿ‡Î cÖKí Kg©KZv©‡`i †KŠkjMZ c`‡ÿc wb‡Z Ges Zv‡`i mv‡_ Kvh©Ki †hvMv‡hvM evov‡Z djcÖmy n‡e| GQvovI mnvwqKvwU ivóªxq ms¯’vmg~n Ges Ab¨vb¨ AvšÍR©vwZK A_ev †emiKvwi msMVb hviv gvbevwaKvi Ges mykvmb Dbœq‡b Zv‡`i wbR¯^ †KŠkj, Kg©KZv©‡`i mgwš^Z AskMÖnbg~jK Ges †RÐvi ms‡e`bkxj ’vbxq Dbœqb cwiKíbv ev¯Íevq‡b mnvqZv Ki‡Z cv‡i|

GB cÖwkÿb mnvwqKvwUi j¶¨ n‡jv- evsjv‡`‡k wcAviGwWwR Kg© GjvKvq ¯’vbxq MYZvwš¿K e¨e¯’v kw³kvjx Kivi Rb¨ jÿxZ Rb‡Mvôxi ¶Zv I ms‡e`bkxjZv e„w× Kiv|

1. gvbevwaKvi I ’vbxq kvmb welqK e¨envi Dc‡hvMx Z_¨ cÖ`vb Kiv hv ’vbxq miKvi cÖwZwbwa, wmGmGwR, BDwcwR Ges Ab¨vb¨ ¯’vbxq †÷K‡nvìvi‡`i Ávb I ¶Zv e„wׇZ mnvqZv Ki‡e|

2. ¯’vbxq miKvi (BDwbqb cwil`) AvBb - 2009 Ges BDwc g¨vbyqvj Abyhvqx AskMÖnYg~jK cwiKíbv ˆZix Ges †RÛvi ms‡e`bkxj ’vbxq Dbœqb cwiKíbv I ev‡RU cÖbqb wel‡q hveZxq Z_¨ cÖ`vb Ki‡e|

3. evsjv‡`‡k cÖKí GjvKvq mvgvwRK AvBb myi¶v I nZ-`wi`ª‡`i ¯’vbxq wePvi cÖwµqvq cÖ‡ekvwaKv‡ii †¶‡Î cÖ‡qvRbxq Z_¨ cÖ`vb Ki‡e|

GB mnvwqKvwU‡K gvbevwaKvi Ges mykvmb m¤ú‡K© my¯úó avibv †`Iqvi Rb¨ bqwU fv‡M web¨¯Í Kiv n‡q‡Q| †hgb:

welq mg~nwefvM

cÖ_g Aa¨vq

wØZxq Aa¨vq

Z…Zxq Aa¨vq

PZz_© Aa¨vq

cÂg Aa¨vq

Qô Aa¨vq

mßg Aa¨vq

Aóg Aa¨vq

beg Aa¨vq

`kg Aa¨vq

gvbevwaKvi Ges Gi gvb`Ðmg~n

¯’vbxq Dbœq‡b gvbvevwaKvi wfwËK †KŠkj

†RÐvi Ges ¯’vbxq Dbœqb

mykvmb welqK/Ávbt avibv, A_©, Dcv`vb, g~jbxwZ Ges Gi cwiewZ©Z iƒc

MYZvwš¿K ¯’vbxq kvmb

AskMÖnY g~jK cwiKíbv Ges ev‡RU cÖYqb

Z_¨ AwaKvi Ges ¯’vbxq mykvmb cÖwZôvq Gi ¸iZ¡¡

AvBbx mnvqZv Ges wePv‡i cÖ‡ekMg¨Zv: AwZ `wi`ª RbM‡Yi †cÖ¶vcU

evsjv‡`‡k MÖvgxb wePvi cÖwµqv

cÖwk¶b cieZ©x g~j¨vqb

1.4 mnvwqKvwU e¨env‡ii †KŠkj

1.5 mnvwqKvwU e¨env‡i bgbxqZv

GB cÖwk¶b mnvwqKvwU mnvqK‡`i mywbw`wó wel‡q cÖ‡hvRbxq Z_¨ cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ Zix Kiv n‡q‡Q, hv Zv‡`i cÖZ¨vwkZ j¶¨ AR©‡b mnvqK n‡e| ZvB mdjfv‡e cÖwk¶b m¤úbœ Kivi Rb¨ e¨enviKvix‡`i‡K wbb¥wjwLZ welq¸‡jv †g‡b Pjvi Rb¨ Aby‡iva Kiv n‡jv|

� cÖwZwU Aa¨vq Av‡jvPbvi mgq D³ wel‡qi D‡Ïk¨ I Av‡jvP¨ m~Pxi Dci Av‡jvKcvZ Kiv |

� my›`ifv‡e cÖwk¶b cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq DcKiY wbwðZ Kiv (†hgb: †nvqvBU †evW©, gvK©vi †cb, wd¬c PvU©, wfc KvW©, wcb, gvmwKb †Uc, j¨vcUc I gvwëwgwWqv) |

� mnvqK Av‡jvPbvi ïiæ‡ZB cÖwk¶‡bi Av‡jvP¨ welq I wmwWDj m¤ú‡K© AewnZ _vK‡eb| KviY GUv AskMÖnbKvix‡`i wbw`©ó wel‡q AvZ¥wek¦vmx n‡Z mnvqZv K‡i|

� mnvq‡Ki mg‡qi myô e¨e¯’vcbvi Dci `¶Zv _vK‡Z n‡e| AskMÖnbKvix‡`i avibv ev †j‡fj Abyhvqx mnvqK‡K †Kvb mywb©w`ô wel‡q Av‡jvPbv †kl Ki‡Z mgq Kg ev †ekx †`Iqv jvM‡Z cv‡i|

� cwÖ k¶b ïiæi c‡~ e© mnvqK‡K Aek¨B D‡jwø LZ welq g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co‡Z n‡e I úó avibv wb‡Z n‡e| c‡Ö qvR‡b Zv‡K GB m¤úKx© Z eB, DcKiY, †Km-WK‡z g›U co‡Z n‡e| mnvqK c‡Ö qvR‡b Rxeb wfwËK D`vni‡Yi gva¨‡g avibv úó Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

mnvqK B‡”Q Ki‡j cwÖ k¶b mnvwqKvwU‡Z D‡jwø LZ welqmgn~ e¨env‡ii mwy eav Abhy vqx cwieZb© K‡i wb‡Z cvi‡e| AskMnÖ YKvix‡`i Ávb, ¶Zv I Zv‡`i cZÖ ¨vkvi aib Abhy vqx mnvwqKvwU‡Z cÖ vÍ weZ †KŠkj, mgq Ges DcKiY cwieZb© Kiv †h‡Z cv†i| hw` c‡Ö qvRb nq, bZbz j¶¨I †hvM Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e Zv bZbz †hvMKZ… †KŠkj, DcKiY I cvV Abhy vqx n‡Z n‡e|

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv6 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 7

m~Pbv

1. cÖviw¤¢Kv

1.1 jwÿZ cvVKmgvR

1.2 jÿ¨ I D‡Ïk¨

D‡Ïk¨ mg~n: GB cwkÿY mnvwqKvwU

gvbevwaKvi I ’vbxq kvmb welqK cÖwkÿb mnvwqKvwU wcAviGwWwR cÖK‡íi Ask wn‡m‡e Zix Kiv n‡q‡Q| ’vbxq miKvi cÖwZwbwa, mykxj mgv‡Ri Kvh©Kix j, AwZ-`wi`ª j Ges Ab¨vb¨ ’vbxq †÷K‡nvìvi hviv ’vbxq mykvmb wb‡q KvR K‡i Zv‡`i ÿZv, mvg©_¨ Ges vwhZ¡‡eva evov‡bvi Rb¨ cÖwkÿb g¨vbyqvjwU mnvqK‡`i †Kvm© cwiPvjbvi wb‡`©wkKv wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ n‡e| GUv wcAviGwWwR cÖK‡íi Kg© GjvKvq ¯’vbxq mykvmb cÖwZôvi cÖK‡íi D‡Ïk¨ AR©‡b cwic~iK wn‡m‡e KvR Ki‡e| hviv wewfbœ ch©v‡q gvbevwaKvi cwiwQwZ Z`viwK K‡i, AskMÖnYg~jK Ges bvix-evÜe Dbœqb cwiKíbv (ev‡RU mn) Zix‡Z Ae`vb iv‡L, mvwe©K Dbœq‡b mykvm‡bi †KŠkj‡K AMÖvwaKvi †`q Ges Kvh©Kwi K‡i| Zv‡`i Rb¨ GB mnvwqKvwU gvbevwaKv‡ii evsjv Ges Gi KvVv‡gv MZ wel‡q mvwe©K aviYv cÖ`vb Ki‡e Ges cvkvcvwk wb‡`©kK DcKiY wn‡m‡e KvR Ki‡e| GB mnvwqKvwU‡Z gvbevwaKv‡ii avibv, †RÐvi, mykvmb Ges mvgvwRK I AvBbMZ myiÿvi wewfbœ welq¸‡jv‡K AvšÍR©vwZK gvbevwaKv‡ii gvb`Ð Ges RvZxq AvBb I cwjwmi mv‡_ mgwš^Z K‡i Dc¯’vcb Kiv n‡q‡Q| ZGwU, AwaKvi wfwËK †KŠkj hv‡`i Rb¨ cÖ‡qvM Kiv hv‡e †m m¤ú‡K©I GKUv KvVv‡gvMZ avibv| GB mnvwqKvwU‡Z gvbevwaKv‡ii me©Rb cÖ`vb Ki‡e ^xK…Z g~jbxwZ I mykvmb‡K AšÍ©fz³ Kiv n‡q‡Q hv mvd¨‡ji Rb¨ mvavib wb‡`©kK| hv‡nvK, GB g¨vbyqvjwUi g‡a¨ A‡bK¸‡jv Aa¨vq Av‡Q, †h¸‡jv evsjv‡`‡k wcAviGwWwR cÖKí GjvKvq AMÖvwaKvi welq I wb‡`©kvejx ev¯Íevq‡b m¤ú~iK wn‡m‡e KvR Ki‡e|

GB cwÖ kÿb mnvwqKvwU en„ Ëi cvVKmgv‡Ri D‡Ï‡k¨ cYÖ xZ n‡q‡Q| cwÖ kÿb mnvwqKvwU c_Ö ‡gB v’ bxq miKvi cwÖ Zwbwa, wmGmGwR Ges BDwcwRi m`m¨‡`i vwqZ¡ I KZe© ¨¸‡jvi cwÖ Z Av‡jvKcvZ K‡i‡Q| GB mnvwqKvwU †h mKj mky xj mgv‡Ri msMVb Ges Ab¨vb¨ cwÖ Zôvb hviv evsjv‡`‡k gvbevwaKvi Ges mky vmb Kvhµ© ‡gi cwÖ ZwbwaZ¡ Ki‡Q Zv‡`i c‡Ö Póv KvhK© wi Kivi‡ÿ‡Î mnvqK n‡e|

cÖwkÿb mnvwqKvwU evsjv‡`‡k cÖKí Kg©GjvKvq mywbw`ó gvbevwaKvi j•Nb Bm¨y‡Z mswkøô‡`i mv‡_ Awacivgk© Kivi †ÿ‡Î cÖKí Kg©KZv©‡`i †KŠkjMZ c`‡ÿc wb‡Z Ges Zv‡`i mv‡_ Kvh©Ki †hvMv‡hvM evov‡Z djcÖmy n‡e| GQvovI mnvwqKvwU ivóªxq ms¯’vmg~n Ges Ab¨vb¨ AvšÍR©vwZK A_ev †emiKvwi msMVb hviv gvbevwaKvi Ges mykvmb Dbœq‡b Zv‡`i wbR¯^ †KŠkj, Kg©KZv©‡`i mgwš^Z AskMÖnbg~jK Ges †RÐvi ms‡e`bkxj ’vbxq Dbœqb cwiKíbv ev¯Íevq‡b mnvqZv Ki‡Z cv‡i|

GB cÖwkÿb mnvwqKvwUi j¶¨ n‡jv- evsjv‡`‡k wcAviGwWwR Kg© GjvKvq ¯’vbxq MYZvwš¿K e¨e¯’v kw³kvjx Kivi Rb¨ jÿxZ Rb‡Mvôxi ¶Zv I ms‡e`bkxjZv e„w× Kiv|

1. gvbevwaKvi I ’vbxq kvmb welqK e¨envi Dc‡hvMx Z_¨ cÖ`vb Kiv hv ’vbxq miKvi cÖwZwbwa, wmGmGwR, BDwcwR Ges Ab¨vb¨ ¯’vbxq †÷K‡nvìvi‡`i Ávb I ¶Zv e„wׇZ mnvqZv Ki‡e|

2. ¯’vbxq miKvi (BDwbqb cwil`) AvBb - 2009 Ges BDwc g¨vbyqvj Abyhvqx AskMÖnYg~jK cwiKíbv ˆZix Ges †RÛvi ms‡e`bkxj ’vbxq Dbœqb cwiKíbv I ev‡RU cÖbqb wel‡q hveZxq Z_¨ cÖ`vb Ki‡e|

3. evsjv‡`‡k cÖKí GjvKvq mvgvwRK AvBb myi¶v I nZ-`wi`ª‡`i ¯’vbxq wePvi cÖwµqvq cÖ‡ekvwaKv‡ii †¶‡Î cÖ‡qvRbxq Z_¨ cÖ`vb Ki‡e|

GB mnvwqKvwU‡K gvbevwaKvi Ges mykvmb m¤ú‡K© my¯úó avibv †`Iqvi Rb¨ bqwU fv‡M web¨¯Í Kiv n‡q‡Q| †hgb:

welq mg~nwefvM

cÖ_g Aa¨vq

wØZxq Aa¨vq

Z…Zxq Aa¨vq

PZz_© Aa¨vq

cÂg Aa¨vq

Qô Aa¨vq

mßg Aa¨vq

Aóg Aa¨vq

beg Aa¨vq

`kg Aa¨vq

gvbevwaKvi Ges Gi gvb`Ðmg~n

¯’vbxq Dbœq‡b gvbvevwaKvi wfwËK †KŠkj

†RÐvi Ges ¯’vbxq Dbœqb

mykvmb welqK/Ávbt avibv, A_©, Dcv`vb, g~jbxwZ Ges Gi cwiewZ©Z iƒc

MYZvwš¿K ¯’vbxq kvmb

AskMÖnY g~jK cwiKíbv Ges ev‡RU cÖYqb

Z_¨ AwaKvi Ges ¯’vbxq mykvmb cÖwZôvq Gi ¸iZ¡¡

AvBbx mnvqZv Ges wePv‡i cÖ‡ekMg¨Zv: AwZ `wi`ª RbM‡Yi †cÖ¶vcU

evsjv‡`‡k MÖvgxb wePvi cÖwµqv

cÖwk¶b cieZ©x g~j¨vqb

1.4 mnvwqKvwU e¨env‡ii †KŠkj

1.5 mnvwqKvwU e¨env‡i bgbxqZv

GB cÖwk¶b mnvwqKvwU mnvqK‡`i mywbw`wó wel‡q cÖ‡hvRbxq Z_¨ cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ Zix Kiv n‡q‡Q, hv Zv‡`i cÖZ¨vwkZ j¶¨ AR©‡b mnvqK n‡e| ZvB mdjfv‡e cÖwk¶b m¤úbœ Kivi Rb¨ e¨enviKvix‡`i‡K wbb¥wjwLZ welq¸‡jv †g‡b Pjvi Rb¨ Aby‡iva Kiv n‡jv|

� cÖwZwU Aa¨vq Av‡jvPbvi mgq D³ wel‡qi D‡Ïk¨ I Av‡jvP¨ m~Pxi Dci Av‡jvKcvZ Kiv |

� my›`ifv‡e cÖwk¶b cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq DcKiY wbwðZ Kiv (†hgb: †nvqvBU †evW©, gvK©vi †cb, wd¬c PvU©, wfc KvW©, wcb, gvmwKb †Uc, j¨vcUc I gvwëwgwWqv) |

� mnvqK Av‡jvPbvi ïiæ‡ZB cÖwk¶‡bi Av‡jvP¨ welq I wmwWDj m¤ú‡K© AewnZ _vK‡eb| KviY GUv AskMÖnbKvix‡`i wbw`©ó wel‡q AvZ¥wek¦vmx n‡Z mnvqZv K‡i|

� mnvq‡Ki mg‡qi myô e¨e¯’vcbvi Dci `¶Zv _vK‡Z n‡e| AskMÖnbKvix‡`i avibv ev †j‡fj Abyhvqx mnvqK‡K †Kvb mywb©w`ô wel‡q Av‡jvPbv †kl Ki‡Z mgq Kg ev †ekx †`Iqv jvM‡Z cv‡i|

� cwÖ k¶b ïiæi c‡~ e© mnvqK‡K Aek¨B D‡jwø LZ welq g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co‡Z n‡e I úó avibv wb‡Z n‡e| c‡Ö qvR‡b Zv‡K GB m¤úKx© Z eB, DcKiY, †Km-WK‡z g›U co‡Z n‡e| mnvqK c‡Ö qvR‡b Rxeb wfwËK D`vni‡Yi gva¨‡g avibv úó Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

mnvqK B‡”Q Ki‡j cwÖ k¶b mnvwqKvwU‡Z D‡jwø LZ welqmgn~ e¨env‡ii mwy eav Abhy vqx cwieZb© K‡i wb‡Z cvi‡e| AskMnÖ YKvix‡`i Ávb, ¶Zv I Zv‡`i cZÖ ¨vkvi aib Abhy vqx mnvwqKvwU‡Z cÖ vÍ weZ †KŠkj, mgq Ges DcKiY cwieZb© Kiv †h‡Z cv†i| hw` c‡Ö qvRb nq, bZbz j¶¨I †hvM Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e Zv bZbz †hvMKZ… †KŠkj, DcKiY I cvV Abhy vqx n‡Z n‡e|

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv6 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 7

cÖ¯ÍvweZ cÖwk¶‡bi mgq m~Px

wØZxq w`bmgq cÖ_g w`b

m~Pbv: � mK‡ji mv‡_ cwiwPwZ� cÖwk¶‡bi wbqgvejx� Pvwn`v hvPvB� welqm~Px Av‡jvPbv� cÖwk¶b e¨e¯’vcbv `j Ges Zv‡`i KvR wPwýZ Kib

c_Ö g w ‡bi Av‡jvPbvi chv‡© jvPbv AskMnÖ b gj~ K cwiKíbv Ges ev‡RU t� cwiKíbv Ges AskMnÖ bgj~ K cwiKíbv wK?� AskMnÖ bgj~ K cwiKíbv Pµ Ges Gi

mgqmxgv� BDwbqb cwil‡`i A‡_i© caÖ vb Drm� BDwbqb cwil‡` ev‡RU Pµ

mKvj 09.00- 10.00

gvbevwaKvi Ges Gi gvb`Û t � AwaKvi Ges gvbevwaKvi Kv‡K e‡j? � †gŠwjK AwaKvi wK? gvbevwaKvi I

†gŠwjK AwaKv‡ii g‡a¨ cv_©K¨� gvbevwaKv‡ii gvb`Û, gvbevwaKvi

j•Nb Ges gvbevwaKvi jsN‡b gvb`‡Ði e¨envi

Z_¨ AwaKvi Ges v’ bxq kvmb t� Z_¨ AwaKvi wK?� BDwbqb cwil‡` Z_¨ AwaKvi Gi

AvBbMZ wewa� BDwbqb chv© ‡q RbM‡bi Z_¨ AwaKvi

Dbqœ ‡bi Dcvq

mKvj 10.00-11.00

¯’vbxq Dbœq‡b gvbevwaKvi wfwËK †KŠk‡ji cÖ‡qvM t � cÖ‡qvRb Ges AwaKv‡ii avibv� AwaKvi wfwËK cÖ‡Póv Ges ¶gZvq‡bi

mv‡_ Gi m¤úK©†RÛvi I Dbœqb t� †RÛvi wK?� †RÛvi mgZv Ges b¨vqcivqYbZv� †RÛvi I ¯’vbxq Dbœqb� ¯’vbxq Dbœq‡bi g~j avivq †RÛvi aviYv

AvBbMZ mnvqZv Ges wePv‡i cÖ‡e‡ki AwaKvi t� AvBbMZ mnvqZv wK? � evsjv‡`‡k AvBbMZ mnvqZv bxwZgvjv

mKvj 11.30-`ycyi 1.00

mKvj 11.00-11.30 Pv weiwZ

mykvm‡bi avibv t� kvmb Kv‡K e‡j?� mykvmb wK?� mykvm‡bi ‡gŠwjK Dcv`vb mg~n� mykvmb Ges gvbevwaKv‡ii g‡a¨ m¤úK©

MÖvgxb wePvi e¨e¯’v t� evsjv‡`‡k MÖvgxb wePvi e¨e¯’v� MÖvg Av`vjZ Kv‡K e‡j?� MÖvg Av`vj‡`i KvVv‡gv, AvBbMZ cwiwa

Ges ¶gZv

`ycyi 2.00-3.00

`ycyi 1.00-2.00 ga¨vý weiwZ

� evsjv‡`‡k mykvmb cÖwZôvq cÖavb euvav mg~n

� Mªvg Av`vjZ mwµq Ki‡Y BDwbqb cwil‡`i fzwgKv

¯’vbxq kvmb t� ¯’vbxq kvmb wK?� MYZvwš¿K kvmb Kv‡K e‡j? � ¯’vbxq miKvi wK? � ¯’vbxq miKv‡ii KvVv‡gv I BDwbqb

cwil‡`i Kvh©vejx?� Kvh©Kvix ÷¨vwÛs KwgwU Ges Gi

Kvh©vejx� ¯’vbxq MYZvwš¿K kvm‡bi gvb`Ð� ¯’vbxq mykvmb cÖwZôvq cÖavb evuav mgyn

cÖwk¶b gyj¨vqb t� cÖwk¶b gyj¨vqb� mgvwß †Nvlbv

`ycyi 3.00-5.00

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv8 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 9

cÖ¯ÍvweZ cÖwk¶‡bi mgq m~Px

wØZxq w`bmgq cÖ_g w`b

m~Pbv: � mK‡ji mv‡_ cwiwPwZ� cÖwk¶‡bi wbqgvejx� Pvwn`v hvPvB� welqm~Px Av‡jvPbv� cÖwk¶b e¨e¯’vcbv `j Ges Zv‡`i KvR wPwýZ Kib

c_Ö g w ‡bi Av‡jvPbvi chv‡© jvPbv AskMnÖ b gj~ K cwiKíbv Ges ev‡RU t� cwiKíbv Ges AskMnÖ bgj~ K cwiKíbv wK?� AskMnÖ bgj~ K cwiKíbv Pµ Ges Gi

mgqmxgv� BDwbqb cwil‡`i A‡_i© caÖ vb Drm� BDwbqb cwil‡` ev‡RU Pµ

mKvj 09.00- 10.00

gvbevwaKvi Ges Gi gvb`Û t � AwaKvi Ges gvbevwaKvi Kv‡K e‡j? � †gŠwjK AwaKvi wK? gvbevwaKvi I

†gŠwjK AwaKv‡ii g‡a¨ cv_©K¨� gvbevwaKv‡ii gvb`Û, gvbevwaKvi

j•Nb Ges gvbevwaKvi jsN‡b gvb`‡Ði e¨envi

Z_¨ AwaKvi Ges v’ bxq kvmb t� Z_¨ AwaKvi wK?� BDwbqb cwil‡` Z_¨ AwaKvi Gi

AvBbMZ wewa� BDwbqb chv© ‡q RbM‡bi Z_¨ AwaKvi

Dbqœ ‡bi Dcvq

mKvj 10.00-11.00

¯’vbxq Dbœq‡b gvbevwaKvi wfwËK †KŠk‡ji cÖ‡qvM t � cÖ‡qvRb Ges AwaKv‡ii avibv� AwaKvi wfwËK cÖ‡Póv Ges ¶gZvq‡bi

mv‡_ Gi m¤úK©†RÛvi I Dbœqb t� †RÛvi wK?� †RÛvi mgZv Ges b¨vqcivqYbZv� †RÛvi I ¯’vbxq Dbœqb� ¯’vbxq Dbœq‡bi g~j avivq †RÛvi aviYv

AvBbMZ mnvqZv Ges wePv‡i cÖ‡e‡ki AwaKvi t� AvBbMZ mnvqZv wK? � evsjv‡`‡k AvBbMZ mnvqZv bxwZgvjv

mKvj 11.30-`ycyi 1.00

mKvj 11.00-11.30 Pv weiwZ

mykvm‡bi avibv t� kvmb Kv‡K e‡j?� mykvmb wK?� mykvm‡bi ‡gŠwjK Dcv`vb mg~n� mykvmb Ges gvbevwaKv‡ii g‡a¨ m¤úK©

MÖvgxb wePvi e¨e¯’v t� evsjv‡`‡k MÖvgxb wePvi e¨e¯’v� MÖvg Av`vjZ Kv‡K e‡j?� MÖvg Av`vj‡`i KvVv‡gv, AvBbMZ cwiwa

Ges ¶gZv

`ycyi 2.00-3.00

`ycyi 1.00-2.00 ga¨vý weiwZ

� evsjv‡`‡k mykvmb cÖwZôvq cÖavb euvav mg~n

� Mªvg Av`vjZ mwµq Ki‡Y BDwbqb cwil‡`i fzwgKv

¯’vbxq kvmb t� ¯’vbxq kvmb wK?� MYZvwš¿K kvmb Kv‡K e‡j? � ¯’vbxq miKvi wK? � ¯’vbxq miKv‡ii KvVv‡gv I BDwbqb

cwil‡`i Kvh©vejx?� Kvh©Kvix ÷¨vwÛs KwgwU Ges Gi

Kvh©vejx� ¯’vbxq MYZvwš¿K kvm‡bi gvb`Ð� ¯’vbxq mykvmb cÖwZôvq cÖavb evuav mgyn

cÖwk¶b gyj¨vqb t� cÖwk¶b gyj¨vqb� mgvwß †Nvlbv

`ycyi 3.00-5.00

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv8 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 9

Aa¨vqgvbevwaKvi GesGi gvb`Û

Aa¨vq cÖ_g

cÖ_g Aa¨vq

GB Aa¨v‡qi D‡Ïk¨ n‡”Q gvbevwaKvi avibv, Gi DrcvZ I Dbqœ b Ges gvbevwaKv‡ii gvb`Ð m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Kiv| GB Aa¨vq Avgv‡`i‡K AwaKvi, †gŠwjK AwaKvi, †gŠwjK AwaKv‡ii mv‡_ gvbevwaKv‡ii cv_K© ¨ Ges gvbevwaKvi jsN‡bi wel‡qi Dci cY~ v© ½ aviYv w`‡e|

K. AwaKvi wK?

L. gvbevwaKvi wK?

M. †gŠwjK AwaKvi wK? gvbevwaKvi Ges †gŠwjK AwaKvi‡ii g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ mg~n

N. gvbevwaKv‡ii HwZnvwmK †cÖ¶vcU Ges Dbœqb

O. gvbewaKvi &Ges Gi weKvk

P. gvbevwaKv‡ii gvb`Û

Q. gvbewaKvi jsNb

R. gvbevwaKvi jsNb ch©‡e¶‡b gvb`‡Ûi e¨envi

mvaviY fvlvq AwaKvi n‡”Q GKRb gvby‡li ghv©`v I Dcvwa| GwU GKwU ^xK…wZ hv AwaKv‡ii wewa Øviv myiw¶Z| GwU &AvBb‡K mycvwik K‡i, hLb: (K) †Kvb cÖwZÁv ivL‡Z mvavib AwaKvi cÖ‡qvRb; (L) GwU Avgv‡`i Kv‡Ri YMZ gvb Dbœqb vexK‡i (M) †Kvb e¨w³i Kv‡Ri MyYMZgvb I Zvi AwaKv‡i _vKv †Kvb wel‡qi c×wZMZ gvb e„wׇZ `iKvi nq| †hgb: Avgiv ÒAwaKviÓ kãwU e¨envi Kwi hLb †Kvb e¨w³i m¤úwË ev Zvi wb‡R‡K i¶vi welqwU hy³ nq| AwaKvi n‡”Q GKwU eva¨evaKZv Ges GUv cÖ‡qvM Kiv hvq|

Aa¨vcK m¨vgÛ wb¤œwjwLZ fv‡e AwaKv‡ii †kÖYxwefvM K‡i‡Qb:� Dcv`vb ev e¯‘MZ welh‡qi Dci AwaKvi

� Ae¯‘MZ m¤úwËi Dci AwaKvi (†hgb: Kwc ivBU, c¨v‡U›U ivBU, BZ¨vw`)

� AwaKvi n‡”Q GKRb e¨w³i e¨w³MZ m¤§vb I ghv©`v

� AwaKvi n‡”Q cvwievwiK m¤ú‡K©i Dci kÖ×v‡eva

� mybvg cÖvw߇Z AwaKvi

� †mev cÖvw߇Z AwaKvi

gvbevwaKvi Ges Gi gvb`Û

Aa¨v‡qi D‡Ïk¨

Aa¨v‡qi m~PxcÎ

K. AwaKvi wK?

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 11

Aa¨vqgvbevwaKvi GesGi gvb`Û

Aa¨vq cÖ_g

cÖ_g Aa¨vq

GB Aa¨v‡qi D‡Ïk¨ n‡”Q gvbevwaKvi avibv, Gi DrcvZ I Dbqœ b Ges gvbevwaKv‡ii gvb`Ð m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Kiv| GB Aa¨vq Avgv‡`i‡K AwaKvi, †gŠwjK AwaKvi, †gŠwjK AwaKv‡ii mv‡_ gvbevwaKv‡ii cv_K© ¨ Ges gvbevwaKvi jsN‡bi wel‡qi Dci cY~ v© ½ aviYv w`‡e|

K. AwaKvi wK?

L. gvbevwaKvi wK?

M. †gŠwjK AwaKvi wK? gvbevwaKvi Ges †gŠwjK AwaKvi‡ii g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ mg~n

N. gvbevwaKv‡ii HwZnvwmK †cÖ¶vcU Ges Dbœqb

O. gvbewaKvi &Ges Gi weKvk

P. gvbevwaKv‡ii gvb`Û

Q. gvbewaKvi jsNb

R. gvbevwaKvi jsNb ch©‡e¶‡b gvb`‡Ûi e¨envi

mvaviY fvlvq AwaKvi n‡”Q GKRb gvby‡li ghv©`v I Dcvwa| GwU GKwU ^xK…wZ hv AwaKv‡ii wewa Øviv myiw¶Z| GwU &AvBb‡K mycvwik K‡i, hLb: (K) †Kvb cÖwZÁv ivL‡Z mvavib AwaKvi cÖ‡qvRb; (L) GwU Avgv‡`i Kv‡Ri YMZ gvb Dbœqb vexK‡i (M) †Kvb e¨w³i Kv‡Ri MyYMZgvb I Zvi AwaKv‡i _vKv †Kvb wel‡qi c×wZMZ gvb e„wׇZ `iKvi nq| †hgb: Avgiv ÒAwaKviÓ kãwU e¨envi Kwi hLb †Kvb e¨w³i m¤úwË ev Zvi wb‡R‡K i¶vi welqwU hy³ nq| AwaKvi n‡”Q GKwU eva¨evaKZv Ges GUv cÖ‡qvM Kiv hvq|

Aa¨vcK m¨vgÛ wb¤œwjwLZ fv‡e AwaKv‡ii †kÖYxwefvM K‡i‡Qb:� Dcv`vb ev e¯‘MZ welh‡qi Dci AwaKvi

� Ae¯‘MZ m¤úwËi Dci AwaKvi (†hgb: Kwc ivBU, c¨v‡U›U ivBU, BZ¨vw`)

� AwaKvi n‡”Q GKRb e¨w³i e¨w³MZ m¤§vb I ghv©`v

� AwaKvi n‡”Q cvwievwiK m¤ú‡K©i Dci kÖ×v‡eva

� mybvg cÖvw߇Z AwaKvi

� †mev cÖvw߇Z AwaKvi

gvbevwaKvi Ges Gi gvb`Û

Aa¨v‡qi D‡Ïk¨

Aa¨v‡qi m~PxcÎ

K. AwaKvi wK?

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 11

AwaKvi‡K cÖ_wgKfv‡e yB fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq| h_v:

mvaviYfv‡e AvBbMZ AwaKvi GKwU myweav hv wewa Øviv cwiPvwjZ Ges AvBb Øviv ¯^xK…Z I myiw¶Z| †Kvb †`‡ki RbMb msweavb KZ…©K ¯^xK…Z AvB‡bi Øviv ev miKvix wewa Øviv AvBbMZ AwaKvi‡K †fvM Ki‡Z cv‡i| AvBbMZ AwaKvi‡K bvMwiK AwaKvi ev cÖwZwôZ AwaKvi ejv nq| GwU †`‡ki AvBbMZ wbq‡gi g‡a¨ KvR K‡i| GwU GKRb gvby‡li †Kvb KvR‡K wbqš¿b Kivi ¶Zv e„wׇZ ivóª‡K mnvqZv K‡i|

cÖvK…wZK AwaKvi‡K bwZK AwaKvi e‡j, hv †Kvbfv‡e niY Kiv hvq bv| GB AwaKvi¸‡jv gvbyl Rb¥MZfv‡eB AR©b K‡i _v‡K| GwU †Kvb e¨w³ wQwb‡q wb‡Z cv‡i bv| GwU †Kvb iv‡óªi AvBb ev AbyMÖn ev †Kvb ixwZ ev ivR‰bwZK wm×všÍ Øviv m„wó nq bv| GwU ˆbwZK AwaKvi †_‡K Av‡m hv mve©Rbxbfv‡e ^xK…Z| cÖvK…wZK/gvbweK AwaKv‡ii †Kvb mxgvbv ev wePvwiK mxgve×Zv †bB| GwU bxwZMZfv‡e mve©Rbxb| cÖvK…wZK/gvbweK AwaKvi mdj AvBbx c×wZ Ges gvbevwaKvi Av‡›`vj‡bi g~j welq|

gvbevwaKvi gvb‡y li vfvweK me ai‡bi ghv© vi xKw… Z †`q hv vaxbZv, b¨vq wePvi Ges kvwšiÍ wfwË| gvbevwaKvi gvbly ‡K Zv‡`i bb~ ¨Zg AwaKvi I ghv© vi gvb`Ð wb‡q †e‡u P _vKvi c‡Ö qvRbxqZvi Dci †Rvi †`q| gvbevwaKvi gvbly wKfv‡e Rxebhvcb Ki‡e Zv wbavi© b Kivi, Zv‡`i gZvgZ cKÖ v‡ki Ges wK ai‡bi miKvi Zviv mg_b© Ki‡e †m welqmn Ab¨vb¨ A‡bK wel‡q wm×všÍ †bIqvi ¯vaxbZv cÖ vb K‡i| gvbevwaKvi mvaviY gvb‡y li bb~ ¨Zg c‡Ö qvRbxq Pvwn`v ciy ‡Y wbwðqZv cÖ vb K‡i: †hgb: Lv`¨, evm¯v’ b Ges wk¶v| Kv‡RB Zviv me ai‡bi m‡y hvM-mwy eav MnÖ Y Ki‡Z cv‡i| cwi‡k‡l GUv ejv hvq †h, ¶gZvkxj e¨w³‡`i me ai‡bi †kvlY I wbhv© Z‡bi nvZ n‡Z †e‡u P _vKvi Rb¨ gvbevwaKvi mvaviY gvb‡y li Rxeb, vaxbZv Ges wbivcËvi wbðqZv cÖ vb K‡i|

gvby‡li gvbweK Mybvejxi Dbœqb I Gi mvwe©K e¨envi †hgb eyw×gËv, †gav, bxwZ‡PZbv, mš‘wó Ges Zv‡`i Ava¨vwZ¡K I Ab¨vb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq welq mg~‡ni wbðqZv cª`vb|

myZivs, gvbevwaKvi ˆbwZK Ges AvBbMZ AwaKv‡ii gvb`‡Ûi ¯^xK…wZ cÖ`vb K‡i Ges cvkvcwk miKvi‡K `vqe× n‡Z eva¨ K‡i| gvbevwaKvi wb‡b¥v³ welq mg~n‡K wb‡`©k K‡i:

� AvšÍR©vwZKfv‡e ^xK…Z� AvBbMZ myiw¶Z� gvbexq gh©v`v‡K wb‡`©k K‡i� e¨w³ Ges j‡K i¶v K‡i � ivóª Ges ivóªxq h‡š¿i A_©vr miKvix Kg©KZ©v‡`i vqe×Zvi g‡a¨ wb‡q Av‡m� GwU †KD wQwb‡q wb‡Z cv‡i bv� GwU mgvb Ges cvi¯úwiK wbf©ikxj� mve©Rbxb

1. AvBbMZ AwaKvi

2. cÖvK…wZK/ˆbwZK AwaKvi

L. gvbevwaKvi wK?

RvwZms‡Ni g‡Z gvbevwaKvi n‡”Q

GLv‡b D‡jøL¨ †h, gvbevwaKvi †Kvb e¨w³ ev `j‡K AvBb Øviv myi¶v †`q| cÖavbZ GwU †Kvb e¨w³ ev `‡ji weiæ‡× miKv‡ii ¶gZv‡K wbqš¿b K‡i| GUv †Kvb we‡kl wel‡q miKvi‡K gvbevwaKvi j•N‡bi †¶‡Î weiZ ivL‡Z eva¨ K‡i| gvbevwaKvi e¨w³ Ges iv‡óªi g‡a¨ A_ev e¨w³‡`i wb‡R‡`i g‡a¨ †gŠwjK m¤ú‡K©i gvb`Û cÖwZôv Ki‡Z eva¨ K‡i| †hgb: †eu‡P _vKvi AwaKvi n‡”Q ivóª Zvi bvMwiK‡K (AvBb/ cÖkvmwbK wKsev wePvwiK) wePvi ewn©f~Z nZ¨v, wbhv©Zb, AvZ¥nbb ev †Kvb ivóªxq ms¯’v ev †Kvb e¨w³i Øviv wbiæ‡Ïk n‡Z eva¨ Kiv, Gme wel‡q miKvi Aek¨B cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡¶c MÖnY Ki‡e|

gvbevwaKvi Ggb GKwU AwaKvi hv KvD‡K †`Iqv hvqbv, †Kbv hvq bv, GUv AR©b Ki‡Z nq ev Rb¥MZfv‡e AwR©Z nq KviY gvbyl wn‡m‡e Zviv mvaviYfv‡eB Gi AwaKvix nq| cÖ‡Z¨K gvbyl Rb¥my‡Î GwU AR©b K‡i _v‡K| gvbevwaKvi Rb¥MZ, KviY Avgiv gvbevwaKvi wb‡qB Rb¥MÖnb Kwi|

gvbevwaKvi mKj gvby‡li Rb¨ mgvb| GwU wj½, ag©, we‡kl ms¯‹…wZ, ivR‰bwZK ev wfbœ gZv`k©, RvwZ ev mvgvwRK Ae¯’vb‡K we‡ePbv K‡i bv| Ab¨ †Kvb e¨vL¨v, †`k ev we‡ePbv K‡i bv| Avgiv mK‡jB mgvb gh©v`v Ges AwaKvi wb‡q Rb¥MÖnY Kwi|

gvbevwaKvi n‡”Q mve©Rbxb, KviY c„w_exi cÖ‡Z¨K gvbylB gvbevwaKvi †fvM Ki‡Z cv‡i| gvbevwaKvi †KD †K‡o wb‡Z cv‡i bv- †Kvb e¨w³ †Kvb Kvi‡Y KvD‡K ewÂZ Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| hw`I †Kvb ivóª RbM‡Yi gvbevwaKvi‡K ¯^xK…wZ bv †`q ev gvbevwaKvi jsNb K‡i, Z_vwcI †m †`‡ki gvby‡li gvbevwaKvi _vK‡e|†hgb: hw` †KD vm‡Z¡ Pzw³e× nq ZLbI Zvi gvbevwaKvi cvIqvi AwaKvi _v‡K hw`I Zvi AwaKvi jswNZ n‡q‡Q|

gvbevwaKvi †Kvb fv‡eB n¯ÍvšÍi †hvM¨ b‡n| mKj gvby‡li mvgvwRK ghv©`v, wbivcËv I Dchy³ mb¥v‡bi mv‡_ †eu‡P _vKvi ¯^vaxbZv i‡q‡Q| gvbevwaKvi AwefvR¨, GUv KviI gv‡S fvM Kiv hvq bv|

†gŠwjK AwaKvi n‡jv gvby‡li GKwU we‡kl AwaKvi hv msweav‡bi Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask wn‡m‡e iv‡óªi AvBb Øviv msiw¶Z|

†gŠwjK AwaKv‡ii we‡kl ewkó¨mg~n

� †gŠwjK AwaKvi wbw`©ó wKQz AwaKvi GUv hLbB f½ †nvKbv †Kb Av`vj‡Zi gva¨‡g Avevi wdwi‡q Avbv hvq|

� †gŠwjK AwaKvi ivóª ev miKvi wg_¨v Z_¨ I cÖnm‡bi gva¨‡g wQwb‡q wb‡Z cv‡i bv|

� †gŠwjK AwaKvi ev¯eÍ vq‡bi Rb¨ iKvi iv‡óiª ivR‰bwZK mw`”Qv I bb~ ¨Zg m¤ú`| GRb¨ GUv æª Z ev¯eÍ vqb †hvM¨ AwaKvi|

gvbevwaKv‡ii we‡kl ewkó mg~n

M. †gŠwjK AwaKvi wK?

gvbevwaKvi

Rb¥my‡Î cÖvß AwefvR¨

n¯ÍvšÍi A‡hvM¨ mve©Rbxb

gh©v`vc~Y©Rxeb

wPÎ - 1: gvbevwaKv‡ii ‰ewkó¨

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv12 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 13

AwaKvi‡K cÖ_wgKfv‡e yB fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq| h_v:

mvaviYfv‡e AvBbMZ AwaKvi GKwU myweav hv wewa Øviv cwiPvwjZ Ges AvBb Øviv ¯^xK…Z I myiw¶Z| †Kvb †`‡ki RbMb msweavb KZ…©K ¯^xK…Z AvB‡bi Øviv ev miKvix wewa Øviv AvBbMZ AwaKvi‡K †fvM Ki‡Z cv‡i| AvBbMZ AwaKvi‡K bvMwiK AwaKvi ev cÖwZwôZ AwaKvi ejv nq| GwU †`‡ki AvBbMZ wbq‡gi g‡a¨ KvR K‡i| GwU GKRb gvby‡li †Kvb KvR‡K wbqš¿b Kivi ¶Zv e„wׇZ ivóª‡K mnvqZv K‡i|

cÖvK…wZK AwaKvi‡K bwZK AwaKvi e‡j, hv †Kvbfv‡e niY Kiv hvq bv| GB AwaKvi¸‡jv gvbyl Rb¥MZfv‡eB AR©b K‡i _v‡K| GwU †Kvb e¨w³ wQwb‡q wb‡Z cv‡i bv| GwU †Kvb iv‡óªi AvBb ev AbyMÖn ev †Kvb ixwZ ev ivR‰bwZK wm×všÍ Øviv m„wó nq bv| GwU ˆbwZK AwaKvi †_‡K Av‡m hv mve©Rbxbfv‡e ^xK…Z| cÖvK…wZK/gvbweK AwaKv‡ii †Kvb mxgvbv ev wePvwiK mxgve×Zv †bB| GwU bxwZMZfv‡e mve©Rbxb| cÖvK…wZK/gvbweK AwaKvi mdj AvBbx c×wZ Ges gvbevwaKvi Av‡›`vj‡bi g~j welq|

gvbevwaKvi gvb‡y li vfvweK me ai‡bi ghv© vi xKw… Z †`q hv vaxbZv, b¨vq wePvi Ges kvwšiÍ wfwË| gvbevwaKvi gvbly ‡K Zv‡`i bb~ ¨Zg AwaKvi I ghv© vi gvb`Ð wb‡q †e‡u P _vKvi c‡Ö qvRbxqZvi Dci †Rvi †`q| gvbevwaKvi gvbly wKfv‡e Rxebhvcb Ki‡e Zv wbavi© b Kivi, Zv‡`i gZvgZ cKÖ v‡ki Ges wK ai‡bi miKvi Zviv mg_b© Ki‡e †m welqmn Ab¨vb¨ A‡bK wel‡q wm×všÍ †bIqvi ¯vaxbZv cÖ vb K‡i| gvbevwaKvi mvaviY gvb‡y li bb~ ¨Zg c‡Ö qvRbxq Pvwn`v ciy ‡Y wbwðqZv cÖ vb K‡i: †hgb: Lv`¨, evm¯v’ b Ges wk¶v| Kv‡RB Zviv me ai‡bi m‡y hvM-mwy eav MnÖ Y Ki‡Z cv‡i| cwi‡k‡l GUv ejv hvq †h, ¶gZvkxj e¨w³‡`i me ai‡bi †kvlY I wbhv© Z‡bi nvZ n‡Z †e‡u P _vKvi Rb¨ gvbevwaKvi mvaviY gvb‡y li Rxeb, vaxbZv Ges wbivcËvi wbðqZv cÖ vb K‡i|

gvby‡li gvbweK Mybvejxi Dbœqb I Gi mvwe©K e¨envi †hgb eyw×gËv, †gav, bxwZ‡PZbv, mš‘wó Ges Zv‡`i Ava¨vwZ¡K I Ab¨vb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq welq mg~‡ni wbðqZv cª`vb|

myZivs, gvbevwaKvi ˆbwZK Ges AvBbMZ AwaKv‡ii gvb`‡Ûi ¯^xK…wZ cÖ`vb K‡i Ges cvkvcwk miKvi‡K `vqe× n‡Z eva¨ K‡i| gvbevwaKvi wb‡b¥v³ welq mg~n‡K wb‡`©k K‡i:

� AvšÍR©vwZKfv‡e ^xK…Z� AvBbMZ myiw¶Z� gvbexq gh©v`v‡K wb‡`©k K‡i� e¨w³ Ges j‡K i¶v K‡i � ivóª Ges ivóªxq h‡š¿i A_©vr miKvix Kg©KZ©v‡`i vqe×Zvi g‡a¨ wb‡q Av‡m� GwU †KD wQwb‡q wb‡Z cv‡i bv� GwU mgvb Ges cvi¯úwiK wbf©ikxj� mve©Rbxb

1. AvBbMZ AwaKvi

2. cÖvK…wZK/ˆbwZK AwaKvi

L. gvbevwaKvi wK?

RvwZms‡Ni g‡Z gvbevwaKvi n‡”Q

GLv‡b D‡jøL¨ †h, gvbevwaKvi †Kvb e¨w³ ev `j‡K AvBb Øviv myi¶v †`q| cÖavbZ GwU †Kvb e¨w³ ev `‡ji weiæ‡× miKv‡ii ¶gZv‡K wbqš¿b K‡i| GUv †Kvb we‡kl wel‡q miKvi‡K gvbevwaKvi j•N‡bi †¶‡Î weiZ ivL‡Z eva¨ K‡i| gvbevwaKvi e¨w³ Ges iv‡óªi g‡a¨ A_ev e¨w³‡`i wb‡R‡`i g‡a¨ †gŠwjK m¤ú‡K©i gvb`Û cÖwZôv Ki‡Z eva¨ K‡i| †hgb: †eu‡P _vKvi AwaKvi n‡”Q ivóª Zvi bvMwiK‡K (AvBb/ cÖkvmwbK wKsev wePvwiK) wePvi ewn©f~Z nZ¨v, wbhv©Zb, AvZ¥nbb ev †Kvb ivóªxq ms¯’v ev †Kvb e¨w³i Øviv wbiæ‡Ïk n‡Z eva¨ Kiv, Gme wel‡q miKvi Aek¨B cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡¶c MÖnY Ki‡e|

gvbevwaKvi Ggb GKwU AwaKvi hv KvD‡K †`Iqv hvqbv, †Kbv hvq bv, GUv AR©b Ki‡Z nq ev Rb¥MZfv‡e AwR©Z nq KviY gvbyl wn‡m‡e Zviv mvaviYfv‡eB Gi AwaKvix nq| cÖ‡Z¨K gvbyl Rb¥my‡Î GwU AR©b K‡i _v‡K| gvbevwaKvi Rb¥MZ, KviY Avgiv gvbevwaKvi wb‡qB Rb¥MÖnb Kwi|

gvbevwaKvi mKj gvby‡li Rb¨ mgvb| GwU wj½, ag©, we‡kl ms¯‹…wZ, ivR‰bwZK ev wfbœ gZv`k©, RvwZ ev mvgvwRK Ae¯’vb‡K we‡ePbv K‡i bv| Ab¨ †Kvb e¨vL¨v, †`k ev we‡ePbv K‡i bv| Avgiv mK‡jB mgvb gh©v`v Ges AwaKvi wb‡q Rb¥MÖnY Kwi|

gvbevwaKvi n‡”Q mve©Rbxb, KviY c„w_exi cÖ‡Z¨K gvbylB gvbevwaKvi †fvM Ki‡Z cv‡i| gvbevwaKvi †KD †K‡o wb‡Z cv‡i bv- †Kvb e¨w³ †Kvb Kvi‡Y KvD‡K ewÂZ Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| hw`I †Kvb ivóª RbM‡Yi gvbevwaKvi‡K ¯^xK…wZ bv †`q ev gvbevwaKvi jsNb K‡i, Z_vwcI †m †`‡ki gvby‡li gvbevwaKvi _vK‡e|†hgb: hw` †KD vm‡Z¡ Pzw³e× nq ZLbI Zvi gvbevwaKvi cvIqvi AwaKvi _v‡K hw`I Zvi AwaKvi jswNZ n‡q‡Q|

gvbevwaKvi †Kvb fv‡eB n¯ÍvšÍi †hvM¨ b‡n| mKj gvby‡li mvgvwRK ghv©`v, wbivcËv I Dchy³ mb¥v‡bi mv‡_ †eu‡P _vKvi ¯^vaxbZv i‡q‡Q| gvbevwaKvi AwefvR¨, GUv KviI gv‡S fvM Kiv hvq bv|

†gŠwjK AwaKvi n‡jv gvby‡li GKwU we‡kl AwaKvi hv msweav‡bi Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask wn‡m‡e iv‡óªi AvBb Øviv msiw¶Z|

†gŠwjK AwaKv‡ii we‡kl ewkó¨mg~n

� †gŠwjK AwaKvi wbw`©ó wKQz AwaKvi GUv hLbB f½ †nvKbv †Kb Av`vj‡Zi gva¨‡g Avevi wdwi‡q Avbv hvq|

� †gŠwjK AwaKvi ivóª ev miKvi wg_¨v Z_¨ I cÖnm‡bi gva¨‡g wQwb‡q wb‡Z cv‡i bv|

� †gŠwjK AwaKvi ev¯eÍ vq‡bi Rb¨ iKvi iv‡óiª ivR‰bwZK mw`”Qv I bb~ ¨Zg m¤ú`| GRb¨ GUv æª Z ev¯eÍ vqb †hvM¨ AwaKvi|

gvbevwaKv‡ii we‡kl ewkó mg~n

M. †gŠwjK AwaKvi wK?

gvbevwaKvi

Rb¥my‡Î cÖvß AwefvR¨

n¯ÍvšÍi A‡hvM¨ mve©Rbxb

gh©v`vc~Y©Rxeb

wPÎ - 1: gvbevwaKv‡ii ‰ewkó¨

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv12 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 13

gvbevwaKvi I †gŠwjK AwaKvi‡ii g‡a¨ gj~ cv_K© ¨ wb‡¤œ †`qv nj:

gvbevwaKvi †gŠwjK AwaKvi

1. gvbevwaKvi gvby‡li cÖv_wgK I kZ©nxb AwaKvi

2.GUv AvšÍ©RvwZK fv‡e ¯^xK…Z I gvbevwaKvi AvBb Øviv myiw¶Z

3. GwU RvwZmsN KZ…K Kvh©Ki Kiv nq

4. GwU mf¨ RvZxq‡eva I iv‡óªi avibv †_‡K m„ó

5. GwU ghv©`vi mv‡_ Rxeb cwiPvjbv K‡i| †hgb: - gvbevwaKvi I †gŠwjK AwaKvi- bvMwiK Ges ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi- A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK Ges mvs¯‹…wZK AwaKvi|

1. †gŠwjK AwaKvi n‡”Q gvby‡li cÖv_wgK AwaKvi

2. GwU mvsweavwbKfv‡e ¯^xK…Z

3. GwU Av`vj‡Zi gva¨‡g ev¯Íevqb †hvM¨

4. GwU MYZvwš¿K mgv‡Ri aviYv †_‡K m„ó

5. GwU †gŠwjK ¯^vaxbZvi gva¨‡g cwiPvwjZ nq| †hgb: bvMwiK Ges ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi AšÍf©~³|

N. gvbevwaKvi Dbœqb Ges Gi †cÖ¶vcU gvbevwaKv‡ii avibv g~jZ: gvbe BwZnv‡mi ïiæ †_‡K µgvMZfv‡e weKvk jvf K‡i‡Q| GwU AvBb, cÖ_v Ges a‡g©i RwUj e܇b mKj‡K †eu‡a †d‡j‡Q| cÖvq 4000 eQi c~‡e© †ewej‡b gvbevwaKvi AvB‡bi myÎ Ly‡R cvIqv hvq| †ewej‡bi ivRv nvgyivwe Zvi †`‡ki gvby‡li Rb¨ wKQz AvBb cÖbqb K‡ib hv Ònvgyivwe †KvWÓ bv‡g cwiwPZ Ges GwU cieZx©‡Z AvB‡bi cÖv_wgK wb‡`k©bv wn‡m‡e cwiwPwZ jvf K‡i| Giƒc AvB‡bi aviv I AvBbx myiÿvi welq¸‡jv cieZx©‡Z wewfbœ ai‡bi †¯^”QvPvix Kvh©µg I Av‡eMwbf©i wePvwiK kvw¯Í n‡Z gvbyl‡K myi¶v cÖ`vb K‡i|

c„w_ex‡Z cÖwm× †h mg¯Í ag© i‡q‡Q Zv‡`i mK‡jiB cÖKU gvbweK `„wóf½x i‡q‡Q hv Zv‡`i Avf¨šÍixb gZcv_©‡K¨i cwie‡Z© gvbevwaKvi‡K mg_©b K‡i| gvbevwaKvi n‡jv cÖvPxb avibv- „wóf½xi wfwË ev eywbqv`| vk©wbK‡`i g‡Z GUv cÖvK…wZK AvBb Ges cÖvK…wZK AwaKvi| wKQz msL¨K MÖxK I †ivgvb `vk©wbK GUv‡K cÖvK…wZK AwaKvi wn‡m‡e ¯^xK…wZ w`‡q‡Qb| MÖxK `vk©wbK †cø‡Uv (L„x:c~: 427-348) cÖvK…wZK AvBb‡K GB fv‡e mÁvwqZ K‡i‡Qb †h ÒcÖvK…wZK AvBb n‡jv mve©Rbxb cÖvK…wZK wb‡`©kbv hv ªóvi we‡kl B”Qv, whwb cÖK…wZ‡K wbqš¿b K‡ib|Ó cªvK…wZK AvB‡bi GB avibv cÖvPxb †iv‡g cÖPwjZ wQj †hLv‡b †ivg wePvi Djwcqvb wek¦vm Ki‡Zb †h cÖ‡Z¨K gvbylB cÖvK…wZK AvB‡bi vex`vi ZvB †m †ivgvb bvMwiK †nvK ev bv †nvK|

ga¨eZx© hMy Ges Gi cieZx© †i‡u bmv h‡y M Pv‡Pi© ¶gZv nv« ‡mi d‡j mgvR, e¨w³i AwaKv‡ii cwÖ Z †ekx †Rvi †`qv nq| Gmgq e¨w³i AwaKvi‡K A‡bK my p„ Kiv nq| †hgb: 1215 kZ‡Ki ew„ Uk g¨vMbv KvUv© (The British Magna Carta -1215), 1215 kZ‡Ki ew„ Uk wcwUkb AvBb (The Petition of Rights -1628), 1786 kZ‡Ki Av‡gwiKvi msweavb ceÖ Zb© (The US

� †gŠwjK AwaKvi Av`vj‡Zi AvBb Øviv Kvh©Ki Kiv hvq (evsjv‡`k msweavb, Aby‡”Q` -44)

� GUv evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask (Z…Zxq Ask, Aby‡”Q` - 27-44)

� MYZvwš¿K mgv‡Ri avibv †_‡K m„wó|

Constitution-1786), 1789 kZ‡K dv« ‡Ýi gvbly I bvMwiK AwaKvi †Nvlbv (The French Declaration of the Rights of the

Man and of the Citizen-1789) Ges 1791 kZ‡Ki Av‡gwiKvi AwaKvi wej (The US Bill of Rights-1791) BZ¨vw` wjwLZ `wjj AvR‡Ki h‡y Mi gvbevwaKv‡ii msiwÿZ wjj|

ew„ Uk g¨vMbv KvUv© (1215)

wcwUkb Ae ivBUm (1628)

g¨vMbv KvU©v n‡”Q GKwU wjj hv‡Z Bsj¨v‡Ûi ivRv Rb‡K (1166-1216) ^v¶i Ki‡Z eva¨ Kiv nq| ivRv Rb‡K miKvix wj‡j †Rvi K‡i ^v¶i Kivb nq hv e„wUk ivRvi ¶gZv‡K Pigfv‡e n«vm K‡i Ges GwU kw³kvjx gš¿xcwil` MVb Ki‡Z Zv‡K AbygwZ †`q| g¨vMbv KvU©v Bs‡iR bvbwiK‡`i AwaKv‡ii wfwË ev mb` wn‡m‡e ˆZix nq| GB miKvix `wjj Bsj¨vÛ miKv‡ii msweavb wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv nq| g¨vMbv KvU©v nv‡Z-Kj‡g †`wL‡q †`q †h, ivRvi ¶gZv wjwLZ wj‡ji gva¨‡g mxgve× Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| 1215 mv‡ji 15 Ryb ivRv Rb g¨vMbv KvU©vq ^v¶i K‡ib|

wcwUkb Ae ivBUm gvbevwaKvi Dbœq‡bi gvBj‡÷vb wn‡m‡e MY¨ Kiv nq| 1628 mv‡j Bsj¨vÛ cvj©v‡g‡›U bvMwiK ¯^vaxbZvi †NvlbvcÎ wn‡m‡e GUv Zix nq| m¨vi G¨vÛIqvW© †KvK c~e©eZx© mswewa (msm` KZ©K cÖbxZ mswewae× AvBb) I miKvix wjj‡K wfwË K‡i GwU cÖbqb K‡iwQ‡jb| wcwUkb Ae ivBUm& AvBbwU 4wU g~jbxwZi Dci wfwË K‡i †Nvlbv Kiv nq| †hgb:

1. gwš¿cwil‡`i webv AbygwZ‡Z AvqKi Av`vq Kiv hv‡e bv|

2. †Kvb KviY Qvov KvD‡K AvUK Kiv hv‡e bv (†nweqvm Kc©vm Øviv ^xK…wZ )|

3. †Kvb mb¨ bvMwiK AwaKvi f½ Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv|

4. mvgwiK AvBb kvwšÍi Rb¨ e¨envi Kiv hv‡e bv|

ˆbwZKZv

bxwZ mgny

mwVK wbqg

Kvib

cvÖÖ Kw… ZK AwaKvi

†hŠw³KZv

cvÖ Pxb hMy

ga¨ hMy

eZg© vb hMy

cÖvK…wZKAvB‡bi g~jbxwZ

mve©RbxbˆbwZK gvb`Ð

wPÎ - 2: GK bR‡i gvbevwaKvi aviYvi cwiewZ©Z iƒc|

cvÖ Pxb hMy

ga¨ hMy

eZg© vb hMy

gvbevwaKv‡ii g~jbxwZ

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv14 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 15

gvbevwaKvi I †gŠwjK AwaKvi‡ii g‡a¨ gj~ cv_K© ¨ wb‡¤œ †`qv nj:

gvbevwaKvi †gŠwjK AwaKvi

1. gvbevwaKvi gvby‡li cÖv_wgK I kZ©nxb AwaKvi

2.GUv AvšÍ©RvwZK fv‡e ¯^xK…Z I gvbevwaKvi AvBb Øviv myiw¶Z

3. GwU RvwZmsN KZ…K Kvh©Ki Kiv nq

4. GwU mf¨ RvZxq‡eva I iv‡óªi avibv †_‡K m„ó

5. GwU ghv©`vi mv‡_ Rxeb cwiPvjbv K‡i| †hgb: - gvbevwaKvi I †gŠwjK AwaKvi- bvMwiK Ges ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi- A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK Ges mvs¯‹…wZK AwaKvi|

1. †gŠwjK AwaKvi n‡”Q gvby‡li cÖv_wgK AwaKvi

2. GwU mvsweavwbKfv‡e ¯^xK…Z

3. GwU Av`vj‡Zi gva¨‡g ev¯Íevqb †hvM¨

4. GwU MYZvwš¿K mgv‡Ri aviYv †_‡K m„ó

5. GwU †gŠwjK ¯^vaxbZvi gva¨‡g cwiPvwjZ nq| †hgb: bvMwiK Ges ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi AšÍf©~³|

N. gvbevwaKvi Dbœqb Ges Gi †cÖ¶vcU gvbevwaKv‡ii avibv g~jZ: gvbe BwZnv‡mi ïiæ †_‡K µgvMZfv‡e weKvk jvf K‡i‡Q| GwU AvBb, cÖ_v Ges a‡g©i RwUj e܇b mKj‡K †eu‡a †d‡j‡Q| cÖvq 4000 eQi c~‡e© †ewej‡b gvbevwaKvi AvB‡bi myÎ Ly‡R cvIqv hvq| †ewej‡bi ivRv nvgyivwe Zvi †`‡ki gvby‡li Rb¨ wKQz AvBb cÖbqb K‡ib hv Ònvgyivwe †KvWÓ bv‡g cwiwPZ Ges GwU cieZx©‡Z AvB‡bi cÖv_wgK wb‡`k©bv wn‡m‡e cwiwPwZ jvf K‡i| Giƒc AvB‡bi aviv I AvBbx myiÿvi welq¸‡jv cieZx©‡Z wewfbœ ai‡bi †¯^”QvPvix Kvh©µg I Av‡eMwbf©i wePvwiK kvw¯Í n‡Z gvbyl‡K myi¶v cÖ`vb K‡i|

c„w_ex‡Z cÖwm× †h mg¯Í ag© i‡q‡Q Zv‡`i mK‡jiB cÖKU gvbweK `„wóf½x i‡q‡Q hv Zv‡`i Avf¨šÍixb gZcv_©‡K¨i cwie‡Z© gvbevwaKvi‡K mg_©b K‡i| gvbevwaKvi n‡jv cÖvPxb avibv- „wóf½xi wfwË ev eywbqv`| vk©wbK‡`i g‡Z GUv cÖvK…wZK AvBb Ges cÖvK…wZK AwaKvi| wKQz msL¨K MÖxK I †ivgvb `vk©wbK GUv‡K cÖvK…wZK AwaKvi wn‡m‡e ¯^xK…wZ w`‡q‡Qb| MÖxK `vk©wbK †cø‡Uv (L„x:c~: 427-348) cÖvK…wZK AvBb‡K GB fv‡e mÁvwqZ K‡i‡Qb †h ÒcÖvK…wZK AvBb n‡jv mve©Rbxb cÖvK…wZK wb‡`©kbv hv ªóvi we‡kl B”Qv, whwb cÖK…wZ‡K wbqš¿b K‡ib|Ó cªvK…wZK AvB‡bi GB avibv cÖvPxb †iv‡g cÖPwjZ wQj †hLv‡b †ivg wePvi Djwcqvb wek¦vm Ki‡Zb †h cÖ‡Z¨K gvbylB cÖvK…wZK AvB‡bi vex`vi ZvB †m †ivgvb bvMwiK †nvK ev bv †nvK|

ga¨eZx© hMy Ges Gi cieZx© †i‡u bmv h‡y M Pv‡Pi© ¶gZv nv« ‡mi d‡j mgvR, e¨w³i AwaKv‡ii cwÖ Z †ekx †Rvi †`qv nq| Gmgq e¨w³i AwaKvi‡K A‡bK my p„ Kiv nq| †hgb: 1215 kZ‡Ki ew„ Uk g¨vMbv KvUv© (The British Magna Carta -1215), 1215 kZ‡Ki ew„ Uk wcwUkb AvBb (The Petition of Rights -1628), 1786 kZ‡Ki Av‡gwiKvi msweavb ceÖ Zb© (The US

� †gŠwjK AwaKvi Av`vj‡Zi AvBb Øviv Kvh©Ki Kiv hvq (evsjv‡`k msweavb, Aby‡”Q` -44)

� GUv evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask (Z…Zxq Ask, Aby‡”Q` - 27-44)

� MYZvwš¿K mgv‡Ri avibv †_‡K m„wó|

Constitution-1786), 1789 kZ‡K dv« ‡Ýi gvbly I bvMwiK AwaKvi †Nvlbv (The French Declaration of the Rights of the

Man and of the Citizen-1789) Ges 1791 kZ‡Ki Av‡gwiKvi AwaKvi wej (The US Bill of Rights-1791) BZ¨vw` wjwLZ `wjj AvR‡Ki h‡y Mi gvbevwaKv‡ii msiwÿZ wjj|

ew„ Uk g¨vMbv KvUv© (1215)

wcwUkb Ae ivBUm (1628)

g¨vMbv KvU©v n‡”Q GKwU wjj hv‡Z Bsj¨v‡Ûi ivRv Rb‡K (1166-1216) ^v¶i Ki‡Z eva¨ Kiv nq| ivRv Rb‡K miKvix wj‡j †Rvi K‡i ^v¶i Kivb nq hv e„wUk ivRvi ¶gZv‡K Pigfv‡e n«vm K‡i Ges GwU kw³kvjx gš¿xcwil` MVb Ki‡Z Zv‡K AbygwZ †`q| g¨vMbv KvU©v Bs‡iR bvbwiK‡`i AwaKv‡ii wfwË ev mb` wn‡m‡e ˆZix nq| GB miKvix `wjj Bsj¨vÛ miKv‡ii msweavb wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv nq| g¨vMbv KvU©v nv‡Z-Kj‡g †`wL‡q †`q †h, ivRvi ¶gZv wjwLZ wj‡ji gva¨‡g mxgve× Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| 1215 mv‡ji 15 Ryb ivRv Rb g¨vMbv KvU©vq ^v¶i K‡ib|

wcwUkb Ae ivBUm gvbevwaKvi Dbœq‡bi gvBj‡÷vb wn‡m‡e MY¨ Kiv nq| 1628 mv‡j Bsj¨vÛ cvj©v‡g‡›U bvMwiK ¯^vaxbZvi †NvlbvcÎ wn‡m‡e GUv Zix nq| m¨vi G¨vÛIqvW© †KvK c~e©eZx© mswewa (msm` KZ©K cÖbxZ mswewae× AvBb) I miKvix wjj‡K wfwË K‡i GwU cÖbqb K‡iwQ‡jb| wcwUkb Ae ivBUm& AvBbwU 4wU g~jbxwZi Dci wfwË K‡i †Nvlbv Kiv nq| †hgb:

1. gwš¿cwil‡`i webv AbygwZ‡Z AvqKi Av`vq Kiv hv‡e bv|

2. †Kvb KviY Qvov KvD‡K AvUK Kiv hv‡e bv (†nweqvm Kc©vm Øviv ^xK…wZ )|

3. †Kvb mb¨ bvMwiK AwaKvi f½ Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv|

4. mvgwiK AvBb kvwšÍi Rb¨ e¨envi Kiv hv‡e bv|

ˆbwZKZv

bxwZ mgny

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cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv14 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 15

†d«Ý wWK¬v‡ikb Ae ¨v ivBU Ae g¨vb -1789

Av‡gwiKvb wej Ae ivBU -1791

N. gvbevwaKvi Ges Gi weKvk

d«vÝ e¨w³ Ges bvMwiK AwaKvi AvB‡bi †NvlbvÓ 1789 mv‡ji AvMó gv‡m b¨vkbvj G¨v‡m‡¤^jxi gva¨‡g †Nvlb Kiv nq| GB †Nvlbv Abyhvqx mKj bvMwi‡Ki ^vaxbZv, m¤ú`, wbivcËv Ges mKj cªKvi wbh©vZb n‡Z i¶v cvIqvi AwaKvi wbwðZ n‡e| GUv wb‡q weZK© Av‡Q †h, AvB‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv ZvwoZ nq †Kvb ev¯ÍeZvi Av‡jv‡K| D`vniY¯^iƒc cÖ‡Z¨K gvby‡li cÖvK…wZK AwaKv‡ii GKUv mxgv i‡q‡Q hv mgv‡Ri Ab¨vb¨ m`m¨iv GKB AwaKvi †fvM Ki‡Z cv‡i| Gfv‡e †Kvb †Nvlbv AvBb‡K Òmvavib B”Qv/msK‡íi e¨vL¨v, AvB‡bi „wó‡Z mevB mgvb GUv cÖeZ©‡bi B”Qv Ges mgv‡R †Kvb cÖKvi ¶wZKi c`‡¶c MÖn‡b euvav †`IqvÓ GB wn‡m‡e †`‡L| †d«Ý †Nvlbv †Kvb e¨w³i GKK AwaKvi ev mK‡ji mgvb AwaKvi‡K wb‡`©k K‡i| GB †Nvlbv cÖvK…wZK AvB‡bi avibv ev gZev`‡K GB wn‡m‡e cÖfvweZ K‡i †h GUv mve©Rbxb AvBb Ges me mgq Ges me©Î ^xK…Z| †hgb: ÒmKj gvbyl ¯^vaxb Ges mgvb AwaKvi wb‡qB Rb¥MÖnY K‡i|Ó

Av‡gwiKvi Òwej Ae ivBUmÓ ev ÒAwaKv‡ii `wjjÓ 1971 mv‡ji 15 wW‡m¤^i hy³iv‡óªi ms‡kvwaZ msweav‡bi cÖ_g `kwU AwaKv‡ii GKwU mvgwóK bvg| GB ms‡kvabxi j¶¨ n‡jv hy³iv‡óªi wdWv‡ij miKv‡ii ¶gZv wbqš¿‡bi gva¨‡g wb¤œwjwLZ AwaKvi mg~n‡K myi¶v Kiv | †hgb:

� gZ cÖKv‡ki ^vaxbZv, msev`c‡Îi ^vaxbZv, ag© cvjb Ges †Kvb AwaKvi f‡½i weiæ‡× Av‡e`b Kivi ^vaxbZv|� A¯¿ ivLv I enb Kivi AwaKvi� ˆmwbK‡`i evm¯’v‡bi AwaKvi� Zjøvmx Ges m¤ú` ev‡Rqvß Kivi AwaKvi� mgv‡e‡ki AwaKvi� `ªæZwePvi, ^v¶xcÖ`vb/MÖn‡bi AwaKvi� Rywi KZ…©K wePvi cvIqvi AwaKvi� Rvwg‡bi AwaKvi, K‡Vvi kvw¯Í †_‡K i¶vi AwaKvi� mvsweavwbK MVbZš¿ MV‡bi wewa� iv‡óªi mvsweavwbK AwaKvi

†Rgm& †gwWmb‡K Av‡gwiKvi msweavb Ges wej Ae ivBUm& Gi RbK wn‡m‡e g‡b Kiv nq| wZwb wek¦vm Ki‡Zb †h, bvMwiK‡`i ivóªxq miKvi I RvZxq miKvi n‡Z wbivcËv cvIqvi e¨e¯’v _vKv `iKvi| wZwb cÖ‡Z¨K gvby‡li wbivcËvi Rb¨ 42wU AwaKvi AšÍfz©³ K‡ib| wKš‘ nvDR Ae wi‡cÖ‡R›U‡UwUf Zv KvUQvU K‡i 27wU‡Z bvwg‡q Av‡bb| cieZ©x‡Z wm‡bU KZ…©K KvUQvU K‡i Zv 12wU‡Z Av‡m Ges †kl‡gk ivóª 10wU AwaKvi Aby‡gv`b †`q| GB kwU AwaKvi msweav‡bi cÖ_g kg ms‡kvabx wn‡m‡e AšÍf©y³ nq Ges GwU Òwej Ae ivBUm&Ó bv‡g cwiwPwZ jvf K‡i|

gyjZ: gvbevwaKvi n‡jv GKRb e¨w³i Ges †Mvwôi Rb¨ wbav©wiZ AwaKvi hv cÖvwZôvwbKfv‡e ’vbxq I AvšÍR©vwZK AvBb AvBb wn‡m‡e 1948 mv‡ji mve©Rbxb gvbevwaKvi †avlbvi gva‡g cÖeZ©b Ges myiw¶Z n‡q‡Q| mve©Rbxb †Nvlbvi ci gvbevwaKv‡ii µgweKvk Ges Gi myi¶v AvB‡bi ªæZ Dbœqb N‡U| eZ©gv‡b AvšÍR©vwZK gvbevwaKv‡ii Pzw³¸‡jvi cÖPvibv Pvjv‡bv n‡”Q †hLv‡b †ekxifvM ivóª gvbevwaKv‡ii g~j welq¸‡jv‡K wbav©ib K‡i‡Q hv gvbevwaKv‡ii cÖavb 3wU µg weKv‡ki cÖwZ mg_©b †`q| h_v:

1. cÖ_g cÖR‡b¥i AwaKvi : bvMwiK Ges ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi2. wØZxq cÖR‡b¥i AwaKvi : A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK Ges mvs¯‹…wZK AwaKvi3. Z…Zxq cÖR‡b¥i AwaKvi : msnwZi AwaKvi

m‡Zik kZK †_‡K AvVvik kZ‡Ki g‡a¨ AwaKv‡ii cÖ_g cÖR‡b¥i weKvk ïiæ nq Ges ZLb GUv cy‡ivcywi ivR‰bwZK m¤úwK©Z wQj| ZLb gvbyl ^xKvi Ki‡Z ïiæ K‡i †h GLv‡b Ggb wKQz welq Av‡Q †h¸‡jv mKj ¶gZvkxj †`k Ki‡Z m¶g n‡e bv Ges †h mKj bxwZgvjv gvby‡li ¶wZi KviY †m¸‡jvi cÖYq‡b mvaviY gvby‡li wKQz cÖfve _vKv cÖ‡qvRb| cÖ_g cÖR‡b¥i AwaKvi ywU cÖavb aviYv‡K ^xKvi K‡i wb‡qwQj| Zvn‡jv:

� e¨w³MZ ^vaxbZv

� ivóª KZ…K †Kvb e¨w³i AwaKvi f‡½i cÖwZKvi|

eZ©gv‡b bvMwiK Ges ivR‰bwZK AwaKvimg~n AvšÍRv©wZK bvMwiK I ivR‰bwZK Pzw³ (AvBwmwmwcAvi) Ges BD‡ivwcqvb gvbevwaKvi I †gŠwjK ^vaxbZv Kb‡fbkb Øviv wbav©wiZ n‡q‡Q |

� bvMwiK AwaKvi gvby‡li kvixwiK I ˆbwZK ghv©`vi cÖwZ ¯^xK…wZ †`q Ges GB AwaKvi¸‡jv e¨w³MZ cÖ‡Z¨K gvby‡li bxwZ‡PZbv I wek¦v‡mi cÖwZ mb¥wZ cÖ`vb K‡i| †hgb: mgZv Ges ^vaxbZvi AwaKvi, ag© cvjb, gZvgZ cÖKv†ki AwaKvi| Z‡e GUv KvD‡K wbhv©Zb ev nZ¨v Kivi AwaKvi †`q bv|

� mvaviYfv‡e AvBbMZ AwaKvi¸‡jv‡K bvMwiK AwaKvi wn‡m‡e †kÖYx wefvM Kiv n‡q‡Q| GB Rbmvavi‡Yi AvBb Ges ivR‰bwZK AwaKvimg~n‡K c×wZMZfv‡eB myi¶v cÖ`vb K‡i| †hgb: wbqg/wePvi ewnf©~Z AvUK, †Kvb e¨w³i †`vl cÖgvwbZ bv nIqv ch©šÍ Zv‡K wbiciva wn‡m‡e MY¨ Kiv Ges Av‡e`b Kivi AwaKvi|

� ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi ‡Kvb ‡Mvwôi mvgvwRK I RvZxq Kg©Kv‡Û AskMÖn‡Yi Rb¨ MyiæZ¡c~Y©| †hgb: †fv‡Ui AwaKvi, †Kvb ivR‰bwZK ‡j AskMÖn‡Yi AwaKvi, ^vaxbfv‡e †Kvb mgv‡e‡k AskMÖnY ev GKwÎZ nIqv, ^vaxbfv‡e gZvgZ cÖKvk Ges Z_¨ msMÖ‡ni AwaKvi|

Gfv‡e ejv †h‡Z cv‡i †h, HwZnvwmK Ges ZË¡MZfv‡e bvMwiK I ivR‰bwZK AwaKvimgyn‡K †gŠwjK gvbevwaKvi wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv nq hv mKj RvwZi vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨‡K mg_©b K‡i|

wØZxq cªR‡b¥i AwaKvi¸‡jv n‡jv gvbyl wKfv‡e Zv‡`i Rxeb I Rxe‡bi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq Dc`vb MÖnY Ki‡e| GwU gvby‡li AwZ`iKvwi mvgvwRK I A_©‰bwZK ªe¨vw`, †mev Ges Ab¨b¨ myweavmyg~n cvIqvi †¶‡Î mgvb AwfMg¨Zv I wbðqZvi aviYv cÖ`vb K‡i| G¸‡jv Av‡M †_‡K wkívq‡bi djvdj Ges Kv‡Ri †kÖYx Dbœq‡b AvšÍR©vwZK ¯^xK…wZ‡K evwo‡h †`q| GUv Rxe‡bi ghv©`v e„w×i e¨vcv‡i bZzb Pvwn`v I avibv cÖ`vb K‡i| gvbyl GUv eyS‡Z †c‡i‡Q †h Rxe‡bi ghv©`v e„w×i Rb¨ b~b¨Zg bvMwiK I ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi cÖ‡qvRb|

1. cÖ_g cÖR‡b¥i AwaKvi : bvMwiK Ges ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi

Z_¨ m~Î

2. wØZxq cÖR‡b¥i AwaKvi: A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK Ges mvs¯‹……wZK AwaKvi¸‡jv

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv16 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 17

†d«Ý wWK¬v‡ikb Ae ¨v ivBU Ae g¨vb -1789

Av‡gwiKvb wej Ae ivBU -1791

N. gvbevwaKvi Ges Gi weKvk

d«vÝ e¨w³ Ges bvMwiK AwaKvi AvB‡bi †NvlbvÓ 1789 mv‡ji AvMó gv‡m b¨vkbvj G¨v‡m‡¤^jxi gva¨‡g †Nvlb Kiv nq| GB †Nvlbv Abyhvqx mKj bvMwi‡Ki ^vaxbZv, m¤ú`, wbivcËv Ges mKj cªKvi wbh©vZb n‡Z i¶v cvIqvi AwaKvi wbwðZ n‡e| GUv wb‡q weZK© Av‡Q †h, AvB‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv ZvwoZ nq †Kvb ev¯ÍeZvi Av‡jv‡K| D`vniY¯^iƒc cÖ‡Z¨K gvby‡li cÖvK…wZK AwaKv‡ii GKUv mxgv i‡q‡Q hv mgv‡Ri Ab¨vb¨ m`m¨iv GKB AwaKvi †fvM Ki‡Z cv‡i| Gfv‡e †Kvb †Nvlbv AvBb‡K Òmvavib B”Qv/msK‡íi e¨vL¨v, AvB‡bi „wó‡Z mevB mgvb GUv cÖeZ©‡bi B”Qv Ges mgv‡R †Kvb cÖKvi ¶wZKi c`‡¶c MÖn‡b euvav †`IqvÓ GB wn‡m‡e †`‡L| †d«Ý †Nvlbv †Kvb e¨w³i GKK AwaKvi ev mK‡ji mgvb AwaKvi‡K wb‡`©k K‡i| GB †Nvlbv cÖvK…wZK AvB‡bi avibv ev gZev`‡K GB wn‡m‡e cÖfvweZ K‡i †h GUv mve©Rbxb AvBb Ges me mgq Ges me©Î ^xK…Z| †hgb: ÒmKj gvbyl ¯^vaxb Ges mgvb AwaKvi wb‡qB Rb¥MÖnY K‡i|Ó

Av‡gwiKvi Òwej Ae ivBUmÓ ev ÒAwaKv‡ii `wjjÓ 1971 mv‡ji 15 wW‡m¤^i hy³iv‡óªi ms‡kvwaZ msweav‡bi cÖ_g `kwU AwaKv‡ii GKwU mvgwóK bvg| GB ms‡kvabxi j¶¨ n‡jv hy³iv‡óªi wdWv‡ij miKv‡ii ¶gZv wbqš¿‡bi gva¨‡g wb¤œwjwLZ AwaKvi mg~n‡K myi¶v Kiv | †hgb:

� gZ cÖKv‡ki ^vaxbZv, msev`c‡Îi ^vaxbZv, ag© cvjb Ges †Kvb AwaKvi f‡½i weiæ‡× Av‡e`b Kivi ^vaxbZv|� A¯¿ ivLv I enb Kivi AwaKvi� ˆmwbK‡`i evm¯’v‡bi AwaKvi� Zjøvmx Ges m¤ú` ev‡Rqvß Kivi AwaKvi� mgv‡e‡ki AwaKvi� `ªæZwePvi, ^v¶xcÖ`vb/MÖn‡bi AwaKvi� Rywi KZ…©K wePvi cvIqvi AwaKvi� Rvwg‡bi AwaKvi, K‡Vvi kvw¯Í †_‡K i¶vi AwaKvi� mvsweavwbK MVbZš¿ MV‡bi wewa� iv‡óªi mvsweavwbK AwaKvi

†Rgm& †gwWmb‡K Av‡gwiKvi msweavb Ges wej Ae ivBUm& Gi RbK wn‡m‡e g‡b Kiv nq| wZwb wek¦vm Ki‡Zb †h, bvMwiK‡`i ivóªxq miKvi I RvZxq miKvi n‡Z wbivcËv cvIqvi e¨e¯’v _vKv `iKvi| wZwb cÖ‡Z¨K gvby‡li wbivcËvi Rb¨ 42wU AwaKvi AšÍfz©³ K‡ib| wKš‘ nvDR Ae wi‡cÖ‡R›U‡UwUf Zv KvUQvU K‡i 27wU‡Z bvwg‡q Av‡bb| cieZ©x‡Z wm‡bU KZ…©K KvUQvU K‡i Zv 12wU‡Z Av‡m Ges †kl‡gk ivóª 10wU AwaKvi Aby‡gv`b †`q| GB kwU AwaKvi msweav‡bi cÖ_g kg ms‡kvabx wn‡m‡e AšÍf©y³ nq Ges GwU Òwej Ae ivBUm&Ó bv‡g cwiwPwZ jvf K‡i|

gyjZ: gvbevwaKvi n‡jv GKRb e¨w³i Ges †Mvwôi Rb¨ wbav©wiZ AwaKvi hv cÖvwZôvwbKfv‡e ’vbxq I AvšÍR©vwZK AvBb AvBb wn‡m‡e 1948 mv‡ji mve©Rbxb gvbevwaKvi †avlbvi gva‡g cÖeZ©b Ges myiw¶Z n‡q‡Q| mve©Rbxb †Nvlbvi ci gvbevwaKv‡ii µgweKvk Ges Gi myi¶v AvB‡bi ªæZ Dbœqb N‡U| eZ©gv‡b AvšÍR©vwZK gvbevwaKv‡ii Pzw³¸‡jvi cÖPvibv Pvjv‡bv n‡”Q †hLv‡b †ekxifvM ivóª gvbevwaKv‡ii g~j welq¸‡jv‡K wbav©ib K‡i‡Q hv gvbevwaKv‡ii cÖavb 3wU µg weKv‡ki cÖwZ mg_©b †`q| h_v:

1. cÖ_g cÖR‡b¥i AwaKvi : bvMwiK Ges ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi2. wØZxq cÖR‡b¥i AwaKvi : A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK Ges mvs¯‹…wZK AwaKvi3. Z…Zxq cÖR‡b¥i AwaKvi : msnwZi AwaKvi

m‡Zik kZK †_‡K AvVvik kZ‡Ki g‡a¨ AwaKv‡ii cÖ_g cÖR‡b¥i weKvk ïiæ nq Ges ZLb GUv cy‡ivcywi ivR‰bwZK m¤úwK©Z wQj| ZLb gvbyl ^xKvi Ki‡Z ïiæ K‡i †h GLv‡b Ggb wKQz welq Av‡Q †h¸‡jv mKj ¶gZvkxj †`k Ki‡Z m¶g n‡e bv Ges †h mKj bxwZgvjv gvby‡li ¶wZi KviY †m¸‡jvi cÖYq‡b mvaviY gvby‡li wKQz cÖfve _vKv cÖ‡qvRb| cÖ_g cÖR‡b¥i AwaKvi ywU cÖavb aviYv‡K ^xKvi K‡i wb‡qwQj| Zvn‡jv:

� e¨w³MZ ^vaxbZv

� ivóª KZ…K †Kvb e¨w³i AwaKvi f‡½i cÖwZKvi|

eZ©gv‡b bvMwiK Ges ivR‰bwZK AwaKvimg~n AvšÍRv©wZK bvMwiK I ivR‰bwZK Pzw³ (AvBwmwmwcAvi) Ges BD‡ivwcqvb gvbevwaKvi I †gŠwjK ^vaxbZv Kb‡fbkb Øviv wbav©wiZ n‡q‡Q |

� bvMwiK AwaKvi gvby‡li kvixwiK I ˆbwZK ghv©`vi cÖwZ ¯^xK…wZ †`q Ges GB AwaKvi¸‡jv e¨w³MZ cÖ‡Z¨K gvby‡li bxwZ‡PZbv I wek¦v‡mi cÖwZ mb¥wZ cÖ`vb K‡i| †hgb: mgZv Ges ^vaxbZvi AwaKvi, ag© cvjb, gZvgZ cÖKv†ki AwaKvi| Z‡e GUv KvD‡K wbhv©Zb ev nZ¨v Kivi AwaKvi †`q bv|

� mvaviYfv‡e AvBbMZ AwaKvi¸‡jv‡K bvMwiK AwaKvi wn‡m‡e †kÖYx wefvM Kiv n‡q‡Q| GB Rbmvavi‡Yi AvBb Ges ivR‰bwZK AwaKvimg~n‡K c×wZMZfv‡eB myi¶v cÖ`vb K‡i| †hgb: wbqg/wePvi ewnf©~Z AvUK, †Kvb e¨w³i †`vl cÖgvwbZ bv nIqv ch©šÍ Zv‡K wbiciva wn‡m‡e MY¨ Kiv Ges Av‡e`b Kivi AwaKvi|

� ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi ‡Kvb ‡Mvwôi mvgvwRK I RvZxq Kg©Kv‡Û AskMÖn‡Yi Rb¨ MyiæZ¡c~Y©| †hgb: †fv‡Ui AwaKvi, †Kvb ivR‰bwZK ‡j AskMÖn‡Yi AwaKvi, ^vaxbfv‡e †Kvb mgv‡e‡k AskMÖnY ev GKwÎZ nIqv, ^vaxbfv‡e gZvgZ cÖKvk Ges Z_¨ msMÖ‡ni AwaKvi|

Gfv‡e ejv †h‡Z cv‡i †h, HwZnvwmK Ges ZË¡MZfv‡e bvMwiK I ivR‰bwZK AwaKvimgyn‡K †gŠwjK gvbevwaKvi wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv nq hv mKj RvwZi vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨‡K mg_©b K‡i|

wØZxq cªR‡b¥i AwaKvi¸‡jv n‡jv gvbyl wKfv‡e Zv‡`i Rxeb I Rxe‡bi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq Dc`vb MÖnY Ki‡e| GwU gvby‡li AwZ`iKvwi mvgvwRK I A_©‰bwZK ªe¨vw`, †mev Ges Ab¨b¨ myweavmyg~n cvIqvi †¶‡Î mgvb AwfMg¨Zv I wbðqZvi aviYv cÖ`vb K‡i| G¸‡jv Av‡M †_‡K wkívq‡bi djvdj Ges Kv‡Ri †kÖYx Dbœq‡b AvšÍR©vwZK ¯^xK…wZ‡K evwo‡h †`q| GUv Rxe‡bi ghv©`v e„w×i e¨vcv‡i bZzb Pvwn`v I avibv cÖ`vb K‡i| gvbyl GUv eyS‡Z †c‡i‡Q †h Rxe‡bi ghv©`v e„w×i Rb¨ b~b¨Zg bvMwiK I ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi cÖ‡qvRb|

1. cÖ_g cÖR‡b¥i AwaKvi : bvMwiK Ges ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi

Z_¨ m~Î

2. wØZxq cÖR‡b¥i AwaKvi: A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK Ges mvs¯‹……wZK AwaKvi¸‡jv

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv16 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 17

Z_¨myÎ

3. Z…Zxq cÖR‡b¥i AwaKvi¸‡jv: msnwZi AwaKvi

Z_¨ myÎ

O. gvbevwaKv‡ii gvb`Û

1.AvšÍ©RvwZK gvb`‡Û gvbevwaKv‡ii Drm

A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK I mvs¯‹…wZK AwaKvi welqK AvšÍR©vwZK Kb‡fbkb (AvBBGmwmAvi) Ges BD‡ivwcqvb mvgvwRK `wjj (BGmwm)| †hgb :

� mvgvwRK AwaKvi n‡jv H mKj AwaKvi †h AwaKvi¸‡jv mvgvwRK Rxe‡b c~Y© Ask MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ GKvšÍ iKvi| GUv wk¶vi AwaKvi, cwievi MVb I cwievi‡K wbqš¿b Kivi AwaKvi AšÍfz©³ K‡i| GQovI Av‡iv wKQz AwaKvi wnmv‡e Mb¨ Kiv nq| †hgb: we‡bv`b, ^v¯’¨myi¶v Ges elg¨ n‡Z i¶v cvIqvi Rb¨ ^vaxbZv I †MvcbxqZv i¶v Kiv|

� A_©‰bwZK AwaKvi ej‡Z mvaviYZ: eySvq KvR I Rxe‡bi mwVK gvb`Ð wb‡q †eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨ b¨vh¨ m¤§vbx cvIqvi AwaKvi, Aemi mgq KvUv‡bv Ges mvgvwRK wbivcËvi AwaKvi| A_©‰bwZK AwaKvi ej‡Z- gvbexq ghv©`v I Yvejx wb‡q †eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨ b~b¨Zg cÖ‡qvRbxq DcKi‡Yi wbðqZv|

� mvs¯‹…wZK AwaKvi ej‡Z GKwU m¤úª`v‡qi mvs¯‹…wZ ev Ò†eu‡P _vKvi cš’vÓ †K eySvq| Ab¨vb¨ AwaKvi A‡c¶v Gi cÖwZ cÖvqB Kg †gvb‡hvM †`qv nq| mvs¯‹…wZK AwaKv‡ii g‡a¨-¯^vaxbfv‡e †Kvb m¤úª`v‡qi mvs¯‹…wZK AvPvi-AvPvi‡bi g‡a¨ m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c AskMÖnY Kivi AwaKvi, Aw`evmx‡`i f~wg AwaKvi, agx©q AvPvi Abyôvb cvj‡bi AwaKvi, ms¯‹…wZK Abykxjb fvMfvwMKivi AwaKvi Ges KviI wbR¯^ fvlvq ev gvZ…fvlvq K_v ejv Ges †jLvcov Kivi AwaKvi| ZvQvov, Ab¨vb¨ A‡bK AwaKvi Av‡Q †h wj vßwiKfv‡e mvs¯‹…wZ wn‡m‡e †`Lv nq bv Z‡e †m¸‡jv msL¨vjNy m¤úª`v‡qi ^vZš¿ ev Zv‡`i ^KxqZv i¶vi Rb¨ GB mvs¯‹…wZ msi¶Y AZ¨šÍ Riæix| †hgb: elg¨ nxbZv Ges AvBb Øviv mKj‡K mgvb myi¶v †`Iqv|

Z…Zxq cÖR‡b¥i AwaKv‡ii aviYv n‡jv mgvR ev RbM‡Yi mgwóMZ AwaKvi myi¶v| GwU wbðqZv †`q †h mKj e¨w³ ev †Mvwô Zv‡`i Dbœq‡bi ^v‡_© cÖvK…wZK m¤ú`, Drcvw`Z cb¨ I wRwbmcÎ †h¸‡jv A_©‰bwZK Dbœqb, m¤úªmviY Ges †Kvb byZb m„wói Rb¨ ci®ú‡ii mv‡_ aviYv ev †KŠkj fvMvfvwM Ki‡Z cvi‡e| †hgb: †UKmB Dbœqb Ges kvwšÍ‡Z ev my¯’ cwi‡e‡k emev‡mi AwaKvi|

1986 mv‡j RvwZms‡Ni mvaviY cwil‡`i Øviv †NvwlZ mb` - Right to Development

Dbœq‡bi AwaKvi GKwU n¯ÍvšÍi A‡hvM¨ gvbevwaKvi †hLv‡b cÖwZwU gvbyl Ges RbMb AskMÖn‡bi AwaKvi iv‡L, †mLv‡b mK‡jB Ae`vb ivL‡Z cv‡i Ges A_©‰bwZK, mvgwRK, mvs¯‹…wZK I ivR‰bwZK Dbœq‡bi myweav †fvM Ki‡Z cv‡i| Ges †hLv‡b mKj gvbevwaKvi Ges †gŠwjK AwaKvi cyivcywi ^xK…Z (ÒDbœq‡bi AwaKvi m¤úK©xZ RvwZms†Ni †Nvlbv Ó Gi Aby‡”Q` - 1:)

mKj gvbyl I RvwZi Rb¨ gvbevwaKv‡ii †gŠwjK gvb`Ð 1948 mv‡ji 10 wW‡m¤^i RvwZmsN KZ…K AvšÍR©vwZK gvbevwaKvi mb` †Nvlbvi gva¨‡g m~wPZ nq| G gvb`Û cÖv_wgKfv‡e wKQz AwaKv‡ii mv‡_ cwiwPwZ NUvq| †hgb:

� gvbevwaKvi Ges †gŠwjK AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q`: 1-2)

� mvgvwRK Ges ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q`: 3 - 21)

� A_‰© bwZK, mvgvwRK Ges mvs ‹w„ ZK AwaKvi (Ab‡y ”Q` 22-27)

� mvgvwRK I Af¨šÍixb e¨e¯’vq my¯’mdj fv‡e emev‡mi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` 28-30)

hw`I mve©Rbxb gvbevwaKvi mb‡` ivóªxq †Kvb AvBbMZ eva¨evaKZv †bB, ZeyI RvwZms‡Ni cÖwZwU m`m¨ ivóª mK‡ji gvbevwaKvi i¶vi Rb¨ GB AwaKvi¸‡jv‡K Zv‡`i ˆbwZK eva¨evaKZv wn‡m‡e ¯^xKvi K‡i wb‡q‡Q| KviY gvbevwaKvi mb‡` wb‡`©k Kiv n‡q‡Q †h;

ÒmKj gvbyl ¯^vaxb, mgvb ghv©`v I AwaKvi wb‡q Rb¥MÖnY K‡i (Aby‡”Q`- 1) Ges gvbevwaKvi mb†`i †Nvlbv Abyhvqx mK‡j mgvb AwaKvi I ^vaxbZv †fvM Ki‡e| †MvÎ, eY©, wj½, ag©, fvlv, ivR‰bwZK ev wfbœ gZvgZ, RvZxq ev mvgvwRK Drm, m¤ú`, Rb¥ ev Ab¨ †Kvb Dcv‡q Zv‡`i‡K cv_K©¨ Kiv hv‡e bv| (Aby‡”Q` - 2)Ó

AvšÍR©vwZK gvbevwaKvi mb` (BDwWGBPAvi) Abyhvqx RvwZms‡Ni m`m¨ iv‡óªi mKj gvbyl wbb¥wjwLZ gvbevwaKvi cvIqvi AwaKvix n‡e:

Aby‡”Q`-1t mgZvi AwaKvi (mKj gvbyl ^vaxb I mgvb ghv©`v wb‡q Rb¥MÖnY K‡i)

Aby‡”Q`-2t ˆelg¨nxbZv (†Kvb ^vZš¿ e¨wZ‡i‡K GB m`b Abyhvqx cÖ‡Z¨K gvbyl mKj AwaKvi Ges ^vaxbZvi AwaKvix)

Aby‡”Q`-3t †eu‡P _vKvi AwaKvi, ^vaxbZv Ges e¨w³i wbivcËv cvIqvi AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q`-4t `vm ev vm‡Z¡i k„•Lj †_‡K gyw³i AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q`-5t wbh©vZb A_ev wbôziZv, AgvbweK A_ev Lvivc AvPiY ev kvw¯Í cÖ`vb n‡Z myi¶vi AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q`-6t gvbyl wnmv‡e AvBbx ^xK…wZ

Aby‡”Q`-7t †Kvb cÖKvi elg¨ Qvov AvB‡bi „wó‡Z mK‡jB mgvb Ges GKB ai‡bi wbivcËvi AwaKvi iv‡L

Aby‡”Q`-8t RvZxq UªvBeybv‡ji gva¨‡g Kvh©Ki cÖwZKvi cvIqvi AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q`-9t wbwe©Pv‡i AvUK, kvw¯Í ev wbe©vmb †_‡K gyw³i AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` -10t ^vaxb I wbi‡c¶ UªvBeybv‡ji gva¨‡g myôz I cÖKv‡k¨ ïbvbx Kivi AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` - 11/1t MYAv`vj‡Z †Kvb e¨w³i wePvi bv nIqv ch©šÍ wbiciva wnmv‡e Mb¨ nevi AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` - 11/2t AZx‡Z N‡U hvIqv NUbv hv AvBb Øviv iwnZ Zvi †_‡K gyw³ cvevi AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` -12t †MvcbxqZv i¶v, cwievi, M„n Ges †hvMv‡hv‡Mi AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` -13/1t PjvP‡ji ^vaxbZv Ges cÖwZwU †`‡ki mxgvbvi g‡a¨ emev‡mi AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` - 13/2t wbR †`kmn †h †Kvb †`k Z¨vM Kiv ev †`‡k wd‡i Avmvi AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` - 14t wbhv©Zb †_‡K i¶v cvIqvi Rb¨ Ab¨ †`‡ki AvkÖq †LvRv Ges †mLv‡b AvkÖq MÖnY Kivi AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` - 15t RvZxqZv i¶v Ges RvZxqZv cwieZ©b Kivi AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` - 16t weevn Ges cwiivi MV‡bi AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` - 17t wb‡Ri m¤úwË i¶vi AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` -18t wPšÍv, we‡eK Ges ag©xq ^vaxZbZvi AwaKvi

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv18 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 19

Z_¨myÎ

3. Z…Zxq cÖR‡b¥i AwaKvi¸‡jv: msnwZi AwaKvi

Z_¨ myÎ

O. gvbevwaKv‡ii gvb`Û

1.AvšÍ©RvwZK gvb`‡Û gvbevwaKv‡ii Drm

A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK I mvs¯‹…wZK AwaKvi welqK AvšÍR©vwZK Kb‡fbkb (AvBBGmwmAvi) Ges BD‡ivwcqvb mvgvwRK `wjj (BGmwm)| †hgb :

� mvgvwRK AwaKvi n‡jv H mKj AwaKvi †h AwaKvi¸‡jv mvgvwRK Rxe‡b c~Y© Ask MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ GKvšÍ iKvi| GUv wk¶vi AwaKvi, cwievi MVb I cwievi‡K wbqš¿b Kivi AwaKvi AšÍfz©³ K‡i| GQovI Av‡iv wKQz AwaKvi wnmv‡e Mb¨ Kiv nq| †hgb: we‡bv`b, ^v¯’¨myi¶v Ges elg¨ n‡Z i¶v cvIqvi Rb¨ ^vaxbZv I †MvcbxqZv i¶v Kiv|

� A_©‰bwZK AwaKvi ej‡Z mvaviYZ: eySvq KvR I Rxe‡bi mwVK gvb`Ð wb‡q †eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨ b¨vh¨ m¤§vbx cvIqvi AwaKvi, Aemi mgq KvUv‡bv Ges mvgvwRK wbivcËvi AwaKvi| A_©‰bwZK AwaKvi ej‡Z- gvbexq ghv©`v I Yvejx wb‡q †eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨ b~b¨Zg cÖ‡qvRbxq DcKi‡Yi wbðqZv|

� mvs¯‹…wZK AwaKvi ej‡Z GKwU m¤úª`v‡qi mvs¯‹…wZ ev Ò†eu‡P _vKvi cš’vÓ †K eySvq| Ab¨vb¨ AwaKvi A‡c¶v Gi cÖwZ cÖvqB Kg †gvb‡hvM †`qv nq| mvs¯‹…wZK AwaKv‡ii g‡a¨-¯^vaxbfv‡e †Kvb m¤úª`v‡qi mvs¯‹…wZK AvPvi-AvPvi‡bi g‡a¨ m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c AskMÖnY Kivi AwaKvi, Aw`evmx‡`i f~wg AwaKvi, agx©q AvPvi Abyôvb cvj‡bi AwaKvi, ms¯‹…wZK Abykxjb fvMfvwMKivi AwaKvi Ges KviI wbR¯^ fvlvq ev gvZ…fvlvq K_v ejv Ges †jLvcov Kivi AwaKvi| ZvQvov, Ab¨vb¨ A‡bK AwaKvi Av‡Q †h wj vßwiKfv‡e mvs¯‹…wZ wn‡m‡e †`Lv nq bv Z‡e †m¸‡jv msL¨vjNy m¤úª`v‡qi ^vZš¿ ev Zv‡`i ^KxqZv i¶vi Rb¨ GB mvs¯‹…wZ msi¶Y AZ¨šÍ Riæix| †hgb: elg¨ nxbZv Ges AvBb Øviv mKj‡K mgvb myi¶v †`Iqv|

Z…Zxq cÖR‡b¥i AwaKv‡ii aviYv n‡jv mgvR ev RbM‡Yi mgwóMZ AwaKvi myi¶v| GwU wbðqZv †`q †h mKj e¨w³ ev †Mvwô Zv‡`i Dbœq‡bi ^v‡_© cÖvK…wZK m¤ú`, Drcvw`Z cb¨ I wRwbmcÎ †h¸‡jv A_©‰bwZK Dbœqb, m¤úªmviY Ges †Kvb byZb m„wói Rb¨ ci®ú‡ii mv‡_ aviYv ev †KŠkj fvMvfvwM Ki‡Z cvi‡e| †hgb: †UKmB Dbœqb Ges kvwšÍ‡Z ev my¯’ cwi‡e‡k emev‡mi AwaKvi|

1986 mv‡j RvwZms‡Ni mvaviY cwil‡`i Øviv †NvwlZ mb` - Right to Development

Dbœq‡bi AwaKvi GKwU n¯ÍvšÍi A‡hvM¨ gvbevwaKvi †hLv‡b cÖwZwU gvbyl Ges RbMb AskMÖn‡bi AwaKvi iv‡L, †mLv‡b mK‡jB Ae`vb ivL‡Z cv‡i Ges A_©‰bwZK, mvgwRK, mvs¯‹…wZK I ivR‰bwZK Dbœq‡bi myweav †fvM Ki‡Z cv‡i| Ges †hLv‡b mKj gvbevwaKvi Ges †gŠwjK AwaKvi cyivcywi ^xK…Z (ÒDbœq‡bi AwaKvi m¤úK©xZ RvwZms†Ni †Nvlbv Ó Gi Aby‡”Q` - 1:)

mKj gvbyl I RvwZi Rb¨ gvbevwaKv‡ii †gŠwjK gvb`Ð 1948 mv‡ji 10 wW‡m¤^i RvwZmsN KZ…K AvšÍR©vwZK gvbevwaKvi mb` †Nvlbvi gva¨‡g m~wPZ nq| G gvb`Û cÖv_wgKfv‡e wKQz AwaKv‡ii mv‡_ cwiwPwZ NUvq| †hgb:

� gvbevwaKvi Ges †gŠwjK AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q`: 1-2)

� mvgvwRK Ges ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q`: 3 - 21)

� A_‰© bwZK, mvgvwRK Ges mvs ‹w„ ZK AwaKvi (Ab‡y ”Q` 22-27)

� mvgvwRK I Af¨šÍixb e¨e¯’vq my¯’mdj fv‡e emev‡mi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` 28-30)

hw`I mve©Rbxb gvbevwaKvi mb‡` ivóªxq †Kvb AvBbMZ eva¨evaKZv †bB, ZeyI RvwZms‡Ni cÖwZwU m`m¨ ivóª mK‡ji gvbevwaKvi i¶vi Rb¨ GB AwaKvi¸‡jv‡K Zv‡`i ˆbwZK eva¨evaKZv wn‡m‡e ¯^xKvi K‡i wb‡q‡Q| KviY gvbevwaKvi mb‡` wb‡`©k Kiv n‡q‡Q †h;

ÒmKj gvbyl ¯^vaxb, mgvb ghv©`v I AwaKvi wb‡q Rb¥MÖnY K‡i (Aby‡”Q`- 1) Ges gvbevwaKvi mb†`i †Nvlbv Abyhvqx mK‡j mgvb AwaKvi I ^vaxbZv †fvM Ki‡e| †MvÎ, eY©, wj½, ag©, fvlv, ivR‰bwZK ev wfbœ gZvgZ, RvZxq ev mvgvwRK Drm, m¤ú`, Rb¥ ev Ab¨ †Kvb Dcv‡q Zv‡`i‡K cv_K©¨ Kiv hv‡e bv| (Aby‡”Q` - 2)Ó

AvšÍR©vwZK gvbevwaKvi mb` (BDwWGBPAvi) Abyhvqx RvwZms‡Ni m`m¨ iv‡óªi mKj gvbyl wbb¥wjwLZ gvbevwaKvi cvIqvi AwaKvix n‡e:

Aby‡”Q`-1t mgZvi AwaKvi (mKj gvbyl ^vaxb I mgvb ghv©`v wb‡q Rb¥MÖnY K‡i)

Aby‡”Q`-2t ˆelg¨nxbZv (†Kvb ^vZš¿ e¨wZ‡i‡K GB m`b Abyhvqx cÖ‡Z¨K gvbyl mKj AwaKvi Ges ^vaxbZvi AwaKvix)

Aby‡”Q`-3t †eu‡P _vKvi AwaKvi, ^vaxbZv Ges e¨w³i wbivcËv cvIqvi AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q`-4t `vm ev vm‡Z¡i k„•Lj †_‡K gyw³i AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q`-5t wbh©vZb A_ev wbôziZv, AgvbweK A_ev Lvivc AvPiY ev kvw¯Í cÖ`vb n‡Z myi¶vi AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q`-6t gvbyl wnmv‡e AvBbx ^xK…wZ

Aby‡”Q`-7t †Kvb cÖKvi elg¨ Qvov AvB‡bi „wó‡Z mK‡jB mgvb Ges GKB ai‡bi wbivcËvi AwaKvi iv‡L

Aby‡”Q`-8t RvZxq UªvBeybv‡ji gva¨‡g Kvh©Ki cÖwZKvi cvIqvi AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q`-9t wbwe©Pv‡i AvUK, kvw¯Í ev wbe©vmb †_‡K gyw³i AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` -10t ^vaxb I wbi‡c¶ UªvBeybv‡ji gva¨‡g myôz I cÖKv‡k¨ ïbvbx Kivi AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` - 11/1t MYAv`vj‡Z †Kvb e¨w³i wePvi bv nIqv ch©šÍ wbiciva wnmv‡e Mb¨ nevi AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` - 11/2t AZx‡Z N‡U hvIqv NUbv hv AvBb Øviv iwnZ Zvi †_‡K gyw³ cvevi AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` -12t †MvcbxqZv i¶v, cwievi, M„n Ges †hvMv‡hv‡Mi AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` -13/1t PjvP‡ji ^vaxbZv Ges cÖwZwU †`‡ki mxgvbvi g‡a¨ emev‡mi AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` - 13/2t wbR †`kmn †h †Kvb †`k Z¨vM Kiv ev †`‡k wd‡i Avmvi AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` - 14t wbhv©Zb †_‡K i¶v cvIqvi Rb¨ Ab¨ †`‡ki AvkÖq †LvRv Ges †mLv‡b AvkÖq MÖnY Kivi AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` - 15t RvZxqZv i¶v Ges RvZxqZv cwieZ©b Kivi AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` - 16t weevn Ges cwiivi MV‡bi AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` - 17t wb‡Ri m¤úwË i¶vi AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` -18t wPšÍv, we‡eK Ges ag©xq ^vaxZbZvi AwaKvi

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv18 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 19

Aby‡”Q` - 19t ¯^vaxb gZvgZ I Zv e¨³ Kivi ^vaxbZv

Aby‡”Q` - 20t kvw¯Íc~b© mgv‡ek Ges msMVb Kvivi AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` - 21t miKvi MVb Ges Aeva wbev©P‡b AskMÖn‡bi AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` - 22t mvgvwRK wbivcËvi AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` - 23t Kv‡Ri ^vaxbZv, Kg©ms¯’vb cQ›` Ges mgvb Kv‡R mgvb g~‡j¨i AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` - 24t wekÖvg Ges Aem‡ii AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` - 25 t emev‡mi Rb¨ gvbmb¥Z ^v¯’¨Ki cwi‡ek Ges wb‡Ri I cwiev‡ii Kj¨v‡bi AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` - 26t wk¶vi AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` - 27t †MvwôMZ mvs¯‹…wZK Rxe‡b AskMÖn‡Yi AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` - 28t mvgvwRK Ges AvšÍ©RvwZK Av‡`‡ki AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` - 29t mvwe©K I Aeva Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ KwgwDwbwUi cÖ‡qvRbxq vwqZ¡mg~n

Aby‡”Q` - 30t Dc‡ivwjøwLZ AwaKvimg~n cvIqvi †ÿ‡Î ivóª, †Mvôx ev e¨w³MZ n¯Í‡ÿc †_‡K gyw³ cvIqvi AwaKvi|

GLv‡b D‡jøL¨ †h, gvbevwaKvi mb` wQj RvwZms‡Ni GKwU †Nvlbv wKš‘ m`m¨ ivóªmgy‡ni GUv cvj‡b †Kvb AvBbMZ eva¨evaKZv w©Qj bv| GUv‡K we‡ePbvq G‡b 1948 †_‡K 1966 mvj ch©šÍ RvwZms‡Ni gvbevwaKvi Kwgk‡bi cÖavb KvR wQj †Nvlbv‡K wfwË K‡i AvšÍR©vwZK gvbevwaKvi AvBb ev¯Íevqb KwgwU MVb Kiv Ges gvbevwaKvi ev¯Íevqb I Gi cÖ‡qv‡Mi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq †KŠkj wbav©ib Kiv| dj¯^iƒc 1966 mv‡j RvwZms‡Ni gvbevwaKvi Kwgkb `yÕwU cÖavb AvšÍR©vwZK gvbevwaKvi Pzw³i †Nvlbv K‡i| †NvwlZ Pzw³ yÕwU n‡”Q:

1. bvMwiK Ges ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi welqK Pzw³ (AvBwmwmwcAvi); Ges

2. A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK Ges mvs¯‹…wZK AwaKvi welqK Pzw³ (AvBwmBwmAvi)

Dfq Pzw³B 1976 mv‡j AvšÍ©RvwZK AvB‡b cwibZ nq| gvbevwaKv‡ii mve©Rbxb †Nvlbv Ges GB yB Pzw³ cieZ©x‡Z GKwÎZ n‡q (`yÕwU †cÖv‡UvKj mn) AvšÍ©RvwZK gvbevwaKvi wjj wn‡m‡e cwiwPwZ jvf K‡i|

AvšÍR©vwZK AwaKvi `wjj

bvMwiK I ivR‰bwZKAwaKvi welqK Pzw³ (AvBwmwmwcAvi)

1966 Ges Gi cÖ‡UvKj

mve©Rbxb gvbevwaKvi †Nvlbv(BDwWGBPAvi)-1948

A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK Ges mvsMwVK AwaKviwelqK Pzw³ (AvBwmBGmwmAvi)

1966 Ges Gi cÖ‡UvKj

1. bvMwiK I ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi welqK Pyw³ ( AvBwmwmwcAvi)- 1966

Aby‡”Q` 6-27 (cvU©-3) RbM‡Yi bvMwiK Ges ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi ‡jv wbb¥iƒc

1966 mv‡ji 16 wW‡m¤^i RvwZms‡Ni mvaviY cwil` KZ…©K GB Pzw³wU M„nxZ nq Ges 1966 mv‡ji 23 gvP †_‡K GwU Kvh©Ki nq| 2001 mv‡ji †kl w`‡K †gvU 147 †`k GB Pzw³‡Z ^v¶i K‡i| evsjv‡`k 2000 mv‡ji 6 †m‡Þ¤^i GB Pzw³i mv‡_ mshy³ nq| e¯‘Zt bvMwiK Ges ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi Ges ¯^vaxbZv †h¸‡jv BDwWGBPAvi mb‡`i mv‡_ hy³ nq (Aby‡”Q`: 3-21) cieZ©x‡Z GB Pzw³ Øviv Zv we¯Í…wZ jvf K‡i| GB m`bwU 53wU Aby‡”Q` m¤^wjZ Ges GB Pzw³wU 6 wU L‡Ð wef³| cÖ_g, wØZxq I Z…Zxq L‡Ð AwaKvi mg~‡ni ZvwjKv cÖbqb Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges Ab¨vb¨ L‡Ð AwaKvi¸‡jv ev¯Íevq‡bi †KŠkj wbav©ib Kiv n‡q‡Q †hb GB AwaKvi¸‡jv mwVKfv‡e eySv hvq|

Aby‡”Q`- 1: mKj gvby‡li e¨w³MZ wm×všÍ †bIqvi AwaKvi Av‡Q| GB AwaKv‡ii e‡j Zviv ^vaxbfv‡e ivR‰bwZK Ae¯’vb MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges cvkvcvwk Zviv ^vaxbfv‡e A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK Ges mvs¯‹…wZK Dbœqb wVK Kivi AwaKvi iv‡L|

� mKj gvbyl Zv‡`i D‡`¨v‡M AvšÍR©vwZK A_©‰bwZK mn‡hvMxZv, cvi¯úwiK ¯^v_© mswkøó wewa Ges AvšÍR©vwZK AvBb m¤ú‡K© †Kvb iKg c~e© aviYv ev eva¨evaKZv QvovB ^vaxbfv‡e Zv‡`i cÖvK…wZK weË I m¤ú` wewµ ev n¯ÍvšÍi Ki‡Z cvi‡e| GUv Zvi DcRxweKv GB A‡_© †Kvb gvbyl ewÂZ n‡e bv|

� RvwZms‡Ni PvU©vi Gi wewa Abymv‡i ivóª e¨w³i wb‡Ri wmÜvšÍ †bIqvi AwaKvi‡K Abyaveb Ki‡e Ges Zv cÖeZ©b Ki‡e Ges AwaKvi‡K m¤§vb cÖ`kb© Ki‡e|

Aby‡”Q` 2-5: iv‡óªi Dci wbav©wiZ AwaKvi Ges eva¨evaKZv‡K c~i‡Y kZ© Av‡ivc K‡i| GB Pyw³ Abyhvqx ivóª eva¨evaKZv ‡jv AšÍf‚©³ Ki‡e Ges †Kvbiƒc cv_©K¨ QvovB iv‡óªi Af¨šÍ‡i emevmiZ mKj bvMwi‡Ki cÖwZ mb¥vb cÖ`k©b Ki‡e| GB eva¨evaKZv mg~n ivóª‡K Pzw³‡Z ¯^xK…Z bvMwiK †hb mKj AwaKvi h_vh_ fv‡e †fvM Ki‡Z cv‡i †m e¨vcv‡i cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡¶c I gvÎv (AvBbMZ, wePvwiK, cÖkvmwbK) wbiƒc‡b eva¨ K‡i| bvix-cyiæl †hb mgvbfv‡e mvgvwRK Ges ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi †fvM Ki‡Z cv‡i ivóª‡K Zv wbwðZ Ki‡Z eva¨ K‡i|

� †eu‡P _vKvi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 6)

� AgvbweK Ges AegvbbvKi AvPiY ev kvw¯Í n‡Z gyw³ (Aby‡”Q`-7)

� `vmZ¡, vmZ¡k„•Lj Ges †Rvi c~e©K kÖg †_‡K gyw³ (Aby‡”Q`-8)

� †Kvb e¨w³i ^vaxbZv I wbicËv cvIqvi AwaKvi Ges wbwe©Pv‡i AvUK ev AvUKv‡`k †_‡K gyw³i AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q`-9)

� AvUK e¨w³i cÖwZ gvbweK AvPi‡Yi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q`-10)

� FYMÖ¯’ nIqvi Kvi‡b Kvivgyw³ cvevi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q`-11)

� e¨w³ ^vaxbZv Ges ^vaxbfv‡e PjvP‡ji AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q`-12)

� wbwe©Pv‡i †`kn‡Z ewn¯‹vi †_‡K gyw³i AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q`-13)

� AvB‡bi †Pv‡L mevB mgvb: †`vlx cÖgvwbZ bv nIqv ch©šÍ wb‡`v©l wn‡m‡e MY¨ Kiv Ges myôz wePv‡ii Rb¨ GKwU wbi‡c¶ UªvBeybv‡ji gva¨‡g cÖKvk¨ ïbvbxi Kivi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q`-14)

� †dŠR`vix AvB‡b AZx‡Zi NUbv chv©‡jvPbv bv K‡iB (bb-wi‡UªvGKwUf) Av‡e`‡bi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` -15)

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv20 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 21

Aby‡”Q` - 19t ¯^vaxb gZvgZ I Zv e¨³ Kivi ^vaxbZv

Aby‡”Q` - 20t kvw¯Íc~b© mgv‡ek Ges msMVb Kvivi AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` - 21t miKvi MVb Ges Aeva wbev©P‡b AskMÖn‡bi AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` - 22t mvgvwRK wbivcËvi AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` - 23t Kv‡Ri ^vaxbZv, Kg©ms¯’vb cQ›` Ges mgvb Kv‡R mgvb g~‡j¨i AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` - 24t wekÖvg Ges Aem‡ii AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` - 25 t emev‡mi Rb¨ gvbmb¥Z ^v¯’¨Ki cwi‡ek Ges wb‡Ri I cwiev‡ii Kj¨v‡bi AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` - 26t wk¶vi AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` - 27t †MvwôMZ mvs¯‹…wZK Rxe‡b AskMÖn‡Yi AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` - 28t mvgvwRK Ges AvšÍ©RvwZK Av‡`‡ki AwaKvi

Aby‡”Q` - 29t mvwe©K I Aeva Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ KwgwDwbwUi cÖ‡qvRbxq vwqZ¡mg~n

Aby‡”Q` - 30t Dc‡ivwjøwLZ AwaKvimg~n cvIqvi †ÿ‡Î ivóª, †Mvôx ev e¨w³MZ n¯Í‡ÿc †_‡K gyw³ cvIqvi AwaKvi|

GLv‡b D‡jøL¨ †h, gvbevwaKvi mb` wQj RvwZms‡Ni GKwU †Nvlbv wKš‘ m`m¨ ivóªmgy‡ni GUv cvj‡b †Kvb AvBbMZ eva¨evaKZv w©Qj bv| GUv‡K we‡ePbvq G‡b 1948 †_‡K 1966 mvj ch©šÍ RvwZms‡Ni gvbevwaKvi Kwgk‡bi cÖavb KvR wQj †Nvlbv‡K wfwË K‡i AvšÍR©vwZK gvbevwaKvi AvBb ev¯Íevqb KwgwU MVb Kiv Ges gvbevwaKvi ev¯Íevqb I Gi cÖ‡qv‡Mi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq †KŠkj wbav©ib Kiv| dj¯^iƒc 1966 mv‡j RvwZms‡Ni gvbevwaKvi Kwgkb `yÕwU cÖavb AvšÍR©vwZK gvbevwaKvi Pzw³i †Nvlbv K‡i| †NvwlZ Pzw³ yÕwU n‡”Q:

1. bvMwiK Ges ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi welqK Pzw³ (AvBwmwmwcAvi); Ges

2. A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK Ges mvs¯‹…wZK AwaKvi welqK Pzw³ (AvBwmBwmAvi)

Dfq Pzw³B 1976 mv‡j AvšÍ©RvwZK AvB‡b cwibZ nq| gvbevwaKv‡ii mve©Rbxb †Nvlbv Ges GB yB Pzw³ cieZ©x‡Z GKwÎZ n‡q (`yÕwU †cÖv‡UvKj mn) AvšÍ©RvwZK gvbevwaKvi wjj wn‡m‡e cwiwPwZ jvf K‡i|

AvšÍR©vwZK AwaKvi `wjj

bvMwiK I ivR‰bwZKAwaKvi welqK Pzw³ (AvBwmwmwcAvi)

1966 Ges Gi cÖ‡UvKj

mve©Rbxb gvbevwaKvi †Nvlbv(BDwWGBPAvi)-1948

A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK Ges mvsMwVK AwaKviwelqK Pzw³ (AvBwmBGmwmAvi)

1966 Ges Gi cÖ‡UvKj

1. bvMwiK I ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi welqK Pyw³ ( AvBwmwmwcAvi)- 1966

Aby‡”Q` 6-27 (cvU©-3) RbM‡Yi bvMwiK Ges ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi ‡jv wbb¥iƒc

1966 mv‡ji 16 wW‡m¤^i RvwZms‡Ni mvaviY cwil` KZ…©K GB Pzw³wU M„nxZ nq Ges 1966 mv‡ji 23 gvP †_‡K GwU Kvh©Ki nq| 2001 mv‡ji †kl w`‡K †gvU 147 †`k GB Pzw³‡Z ^v¶i K‡i| evsjv‡`k 2000 mv‡ji 6 †m‡Þ¤^i GB Pzw³i mv‡_ mshy³ nq| e¯‘Zt bvMwiK Ges ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi Ges ¯^vaxbZv †h¸‡jv BDwWGBPAvi mb‡`i mv‡_ hy³ nq (Aby‡”Q`: 3-21) cieZ©x‡Z GB Pzw³ Øviv Zv we¯Í…wZ jvf K‡i| GB m`bwU 53wU Aby‡”Q` m¤^wjZ Ges GB Pzw³wU 6 wU L‡Ð wef³| cÖ_g, wØZxq I Z…Zxq L‡Ð AwaKvi mg~‡ni ZvwjKv cÖbqb Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges Ab¨vb¨ L‡Ð AwaKvi¸‡jv ev¯Íevq‡bi †KŠkj wbav©ib Kiv n‡q‡Q †hb GB AwaKvi¸‡jv mwVKfv‡e eySv hvq|

Aby‡”Q`- 1: mKj gvby‡li e¨w³MZ wm×všÍ †bIqvi AwaKvi Av‡Q| GB AwaKv‡ii e‡j Zviv ^vaxbfv‡e ivR‰bwZK Ae¯’vb MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges cvkvcvwk Zviv ^vaxbfv‡e A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK Ges mvs¯‹…wZK Dbœqb wVK Kivi AwaKvi iv‡L|

� mKj gvbyl Zv‡`i D‡`¨v‡M AvšÍR©vwZK A_©‰bwZK mn‡hvMxZv, cvi¯úwiK ¯^v_© mswkøó wewa Ges AvšÍR©vwZK AvBb m¤ú‡K© †Kvb iKg c~e© aviYv ev eva¨evaKZv QvovB ^vaxbfv‡e Zv‡`i cÖvK…wZK weË I m¤ú` wewµ ev n¯ÍvšÍi Ki‡Z cvi‡e| GUv Zvi DcRxweKv GB A‡_© †Kvb gvbyl ewÂZ n‡e bv|

� RvwZms‡Ni PvU©vi Gi wewa Abymv‡i ivóª e¨w³i wb‡Ri wmÜvšÍ †bIqvi AwaKvi‡K Abyaveb Ki‡e Ges Zv cÖeZ©b Ki‡e Ges AwaKvi‡K m¤§vb cÖ`kb© Ki‡e|

Aby‡”Q` 2-5: iv‡óªi Dci wbav©wiZ AwaKvi Ges eva¨evaKZv‡K c~i‡Y kZ© Av‡ivc K‡i| GB Pyw³ Abyhvqx ivóª eva¨evaKZv ‡jv AšÍf‚©³ Ki‡e Ges †Kvbiƒc cv_©K¨ QvovB iv‡óªi Af¨šÍ‡i emevmiZ mKj bvMwi‡Ki cÖwZ mb¥vb cÖ`k©b Ki‡e| GB eva¨evaKZv mg~n ivóª‡K Pzw³‡Z ¯^xK…Z bvMwiK †hb mKj AwaKvi h_vh_ fv‡e †fvM Ki‡Z cv‡i †m e¨vcv‡i cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡¶c I gvÎv (AvBbMZ, wePvwiK, cÖkvmwbK) wbiƒc‡b eva¨ K‡i| bvix-cyiæl †hb mgvbfv‡e mvgvwRK Ges ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi †fvM Ki‡Z cv‡i ivóª‡K Zv wbwðZ Ki‡Z eva¨ K‡i|

� †eu‡P _vKvi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 6)

� AgvbweK Ges AegvbbvKi AvPiY ev kvw¯Í n‡Z gyw³ (Aby‡”Q`-7)

� `vmZ¡, vmZ¡k„•Lj Ges †Rvi c~e©K kÖg †_‡K gyw³ (Aby‡”Q`-8)

� †Kvb e¨w³i ^vaxbZv I wbicËv cvIqvi AwaKvi Ges wbwe©Pv‡i AvUK ev AvUKv‡`k †_‡K gyw³i AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q`-9)

� AvUK e¨w³i cÖwZ gvbweK AvPi‡Yi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q`-10)

� FYMÖ¯’ nIqvi Kvi‡b Kvivgyw³ cvevi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q`-11)

� e¨w³ ^vaxbZv Ges ^vaxbfv‡e PjvP‡ji AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q`-12)

� wbwe©Pv‡i †`kn‡Z ewn¯‹vi †_‡K gyw³i AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q`-13)

� AvB‡bi †Pv‡L mevB mgvb: †`vlx cÖgvwbZ bv nIqv ch©šÍ wb‡`v©l wn‡m‡e MY¨ Kiv Ges myôz wePv‡ii Rb¨ GKwU wbi‡c¶ UªvBeybv‡ji gva¨‡g cÖKvk¨ ïbvbxi Kivi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q`-14)

� †dŠR`vix AvB‡b AZx‡Zi NUbv chv©‡jvPbv bv K‡iB (bb-wi‡UªvGKwUf) Av‡e`‡bi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` -15)

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv20 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 21

GLv‡b D‡jLø ¨ †h, bvMwiK Ges ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi (Dc‡i D‡jwø LZ) cY~ v½ AwaKvi bq Ges GwU AvBbx cwiwai AvIZvq A‡bKvs‡k evavnxb| AvB‡bi AvIZvq bv Avbv n‡e Z‡e eva¨evaKZv, RvZxq wbivcËv, RbM‡Yi Av‡`k, RbM‡Yi mv¯’ ‡mev, ˆbwZK ev A‡b¨i AwaKvi Ges vaxbZv miy ¶v Rb¨ c‡Ö qvRb| ZvQvov, Ab‡y ”Q` 4 (2) Abhy vqx Ggb wKQz AwaKvi Av‡Q ‡jv jNy ev nvjKv Kiv hvq bv| †hgb: †e‡u P _vKvi AwaKvi (Ab‡y ”Q`-6), AgvbweK Ges AegvbbvKi AvPib ev kvw Í n‡Z gwy ³ (Ab‡y ”Q`-7), vmZ,¡ vmZk¡ •„ Lj Ges †Rvi ce~ K© kgÖ †_‡K gwy ³ (Ab‡y ”Q`-8), FYMÖ ’ nIqvi Kvi‡Y Kvivgwy ³ cvevi AwaKvi (Ab‡y ”Q`-11), †dŠR`vix AvB‡b AZx‡Zi NUbv chv‡© jvPbv bv K‡iB (bb-wi‡Uvª GKwUf) Av‡e`‡bi AwaKvi (Ab‡y ”Q`-15), AvB‡bi †Pv‡L mK‡j mgvb ¯xKw… Z cvevi AwaKvi (Ab‡y ”Q`-16), ¯vaxbfv‡e wPšvÍ Kiv, we‡eK Ges ag© cvj‡bi AwaKvi (Ab‡y ”Q`-18) BZ¨vw`|

2. A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK Ges mvs¯‹wZ…K AwaKvi welqK Pzw³ (AvBwmBGmAviwm-1966) (International Covenant on

Economic, Social and Cultural Rights-ICESCR)

g~j welq mgyn

GB Pyw³wU 1966 mv‡ji 16 wW‡m¤^i RvwZms‡Ni mvaviY cwil‡`i wewa 2200G (XXI) Øviv Aby‡gv`b jvf K‡i| GwU 1976 mv‡ji 3 Rvbyqvix Kvh©Kix nq| evsjv‡`k miKvi 1998 mv‡ji 5 A‡±vei GB Pyw³‡Z ^v¶i K‡i|

AvBwmBGmAviwm †Z 31wU Aby‡”Q` Av‡Q hv cuvPwU fv‡M wef³| we‡kl K‡i GB Pzw³i cÖ_g I Z…Zxq Aa¨vq Avgv‡`i wKQz AwaKv‡ii mv‡_ cwiPq Kwi‡q †`q| †h¸‡jv b¤œiæc:

� wbR¯^ wm×všÍ MÖn‡Yi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 1)

� Kv‡Ri AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 6)

� Kv‡Ri mwVK Ges AbyKyj cwi‡e‡ki AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` -7)

� †UªW BDwbqb MVb Ges †hvM`v‡bi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 8)

� mvgvwRK exgvmn mvgvwRK wbivcËv cvIqvi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 9)

� gvZ…Z¡, kke, weevn Ges cwievi MVb m¤úK©xZ AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 10)

� RxebhvÎvi mwVK gvb`‡Ði mv‡_ wbR Ges cwiev‡ii m`m¨‡`i wb‡q †eu‡P _vKvi AwaKvi Ges ¶zav ev `ywf©¶ †_‡K †eu‡P _vKvi AwaKvi| (Aby‡”Q` - 11)

� kvixwiK I gvbwmK ^v‡¯’¨i m‡e©v”P gvb`‡Ði wbðqZv wb‡q †eu‡P _vKvi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 12)

� wk¶vi AwaKvi Ges mevi Rb¨ webvg~‡j¨ eva¨Zvg~jK cÖv_wgK wk¶vi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 13)

� mvs¯‹…wZK Rxe‡b Ask †bIqvi AwaKvi Ges eÁvwbK DrKl©Zvi mydj †fvM Kivi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 15)

1966 mv‡j AvBwmBwmAvi iv‡óªi eva¨evaKZv‡K wbav©ib Kivi Rb¨ GKwU iæZ¡c~Y© †KŠkj MÖnY K‡i hv Aby‡”Q`-2 G eb©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q| A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK Ges mvs¯‹…wZK †¶‡Î mdjZv AR©‡bi Rb¨ ivóª Zvi m¤ú‡`i m‡ev©”P e¨envi wbwðZ Ki‡e| cÖMwZkxj aviYvi Dcjwä n‡Z ivóª GUv ^xKvi K‡i †bq †h, Aímg‡qi g‡a¨ A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK Ges mvs¯‹…wZK †¶‡Î mdjZv AR©b m¤¢e bq| G‡¶‡Î Pzw³‡Z †h mKj AwaKv‡ii K_v ejv n‡q‡Q †m mKj eva¨evaKZv/AvBb m¤ú~Y© ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ mKj ivóªB Zvr¶wbK fv‡e cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡¶c MÖnY Ki‡e|

ivóª AwaKKvimg~n ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ wbb¥wjwLZ c`‡ÿc MÖnY Ki‡e| h_v:

� AvBb

� cÖkvmwbK

� wePvi

� A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK Ges wk¶vi mv‡_ msMwZ c~Y© c`‡ÿc

iv‡óªi eva¨evaKZv c~i‡Yi Rb¨ dj cÖmyfv‡e m¤ú‡`i e¨envi wbwðZ Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| hv‡Z †Kvb iKg ˆelg¨ QvovB cÖ‡Z¨K bvMwiK mš‘wói mv‡_ Zv‡`i AwaKvi †fvM Ki‡Z cv‡i| G‡ÿ‡Î

ü †`‡ki Af¨šÍ‡ii m¤ú`mg~n; Ges

ü AvšÍ©RvwZK mn‡hvMxZv Ges mnvqZv Gi e¨envi cÖ‡qvRb

Aby‡”Q`-2: ivóª KZ©…K AwaKvi mg~‡ni ev¯Íevqb wbf©i K‡i Zv‡`i Avf¨šÍixb m¤ú‡`i chv©ßZv Ges Zvi djcÖmy e¨env‡ii mvg_¨©| KviY Dbœqbkxj †`‡ki A‡bK ivóª Zv‡`i m¤ú‡`i chv©ßZv evov‡bvi Rb¨ A‡bK mgm¨vi mb¥yLxb n‡”Q| d‡j wewfbœ ivóª‡K eva¨evaKZv¸‡jv ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ wewfbœ †KŠkj cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z nq|

ivóªxq eva¨evaKZv

� AvB‡bi †Pv‡L mK‡j mgvb ^xK…wZ cvevi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q`-16)

� AvB‡bi Kv‡Q mK‡j mgvb wbivcËv Ges †MvcbxqZv i¶vi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` -17)

� ¯^vaxbfv‡e wPšÍv Kiv, we‡eK Ges ag© cvj‡bi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` -18)

� vaxb gZvgZ cKÖ vk I Zv e¨³ Kivi AwaKvi (Ab‡y ”Q`-19)

� hy× ev RvwZMZ A_ev ag©xq AvNvZ DrmvwnZ K‡i Giƒc cÖPviY cÖwZnZ Kiv (Aby‡”Q` -20)

� kvwšÍc~Y© mgv‡e‡ki AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` -21)

� msMVb Kivi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` -22)

� weevn Ges cwiivi MV‡bi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` -23)

� wkï‡`i Rb¨ AwaKvi ( bvevjK, RvZxqZv, Rb¥ wbeÜb Ges bvg we‡ePbv Kiv ) (Aby‡”Q` - 24)

� Rbmvavi‡Yi Kv‡R m¤ú„³ nIqv, †fvU †`Iqv, wbev©wPZ nIqv Ges miKvix PvKyix‡Z cÖ‡ekvwaKv‡ii AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` -25)

� AvB‡bi Kv‡Q mK‡j mgvb I wbivcËv cvevi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 26)

� †Kvb a‡g©i Abymvwi ev m`m¨ nIqv, ¶z`ª RvwZmËv, ¶z`ª RvwZmËvi fvlv, Zv‡`i ms¯‹…wZi PPv©, ag© cvjb Ges Zv‡`i wb‡R‡`i fvlv e¨env‡ii AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 27)

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv22 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 23

GLv‡b D‡jLø ¨ †h, bvMwiK Ges ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi (Dc‡i D‡jwø LZ) cY~ v½ AwaKvi bq Ges GwU AvBbx cwiwai AvIZvq A‡bKvs‡k evavnxb| AvB‡bi AvIZvq bv Avbv n‡e Z‡e eva¨evaKZv, RvZxq wbivcËv, RbM‡Yi Av‡`k, RbM‡Yi mv¯’ ‡mev, ˆbwZK ev A‡b¨i AwaKvi Ges vaxbZv miy ¶v Rb¨ c‡Ö qvRb| ZvQvov, Ab‡y ”Q` 4 (2) Abhy vqx Ggb wKQz AwaKvi Av‡Q ‡jv jNy ev nvjKv Kiv hvq bv| †hgb: †e‡u P _vKvi AwaKvi (Ab‡y ”Q`-6), AgvbweK Ges AegvbbvKi AvPib ev kvw Í n‡Z gwy ³ (Ab‡y ”Q`-7), vmZ,¡ vmZk¡ •„ Lj Ges †Rvi ce~ K© kgÖ †_‡K gwy ³ (Ab‡y ”Q`-8), FYMÖ ’ nIqvi Kvi‡Y Kvivgwy ³ cvevi AwaKvi (Ab‡y ”Q`-11), †dŠR`vix AvB‡b AZx‡Zi NUbv chv‡© jvPbv bv K‡iB (bb-wi‡Uvª GKwUf) Av‡e`‡bi AwaKvi (Ab‡y ”Q`-15), AvB‡bi †Pv‡L mK‡j mgvb ¯xKw… Z cvevi AwaKvi (Ab‡y ”Q`-16), ¯vaxbfv‡e wPšvÍ Kiv, we‡eK Ges ag© cvj‡bi AwaKvi (Ab‡y ”Q`-18) BZ¨vw`|

2. A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK Ges mvs¯‹wZ…K AwaKvi welqK Pzw³ (AvBwmBGmAviwm-1966) (International Covenant on

Economic, Social and Cultural Rights-ICESCR)

g~j welq mgyn

GB Pyw³wU 1966 mv‡ji 16 wW‡m¤^i RvwZms‡Ni mvaviY cwil‡`i wewa 2200G (XXI) Øviv Aby‡gv`b jvf K‡i| GwU 1976 mv‡ji 3 Rvbyqvix Kvh©Kix nq| evsjv‡`k miKvi 1998 mv‡ji 5 A‡±vei GB Pyw³‡Z ^v¶i K‡i|

AvBwmBGmAviwm †Z 31wU Aby‡”Q` Av‡Q hv cuvPwU fv‡M wef³| we‡kl K‡i GB Pzw³i cÖ_g I Z…Zxq Aa¨vq Avgv‡`i wKQz AwaKv‡ii mv‡_ cwiPq Kwi‡q †`q| †h¸‡jv b¤œiæc:

� wbR¯^ wm×všÍ MÖn‡Yi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 1)

� Kv‡Ri AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 6)

� Kv‡Ri mwVK Ges AbyKyj cwi‡e‡ki AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` -7)

� †UªW BDwbqb MVb Ges †hvM`v‡bi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 8)

� mvgvwRK exgvmn mvgvwRK wbivcËv cvIqvi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 9)

� gvZ…Z¡, kke, weevn Ges cwievi MVb m¤úK©xZ AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 10)

� RxebhvÎvi mwVK gvb`‡Ði mv‡_ wbR Ges cwiev‡ii m`m¨‡`i wb‡q †eu‡P _vKvi AwaKvi Ges ¶zav ev `ywf©¶ †_‡K †eu‡P _vKvi AwaKvi| (Aby‡”Q` - 11)

� kvixwiK I gvbwmK ^v‡¯’¨i m‡e©v”P gvb`‡Ði wbðqZv wb‡q †eu‡P _vKvi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 12)

� wk¶vi AwaKvi Ges mevi Rb¨ webvg~‡j¨ eva¨Zvg~jK cÖv_wgK wk¶vi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 13)

� mvs¯‹…wZK Rxe‡b Ask †bIqvi AwaKvi Ges eÁvwbK DrKl©Zvi mydj †fvM Kivi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 15)

1966 mv‡j AvBwmBwmAvi iv‡óªi eva¨evaKZv‡K wbav©ib Kivi Rb¨ GKwU iæZ¡c~Y© †KŠkj MÖnY K‡i hv Aby‡”Q`-2 G eb©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q| A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK Ges mvs¯‹…wZK †¶‡Î mdjZv AR©‡bi Rb¨ ivóª Zvi m¤ú‡`i m‡ev©”P e¨envi wbwðZ Ki‡e| cÖMwZkxj aviYvi Dcjwä n‡Z ivóª GUv ^xKvi K‡i †bq †h, Aímg‡qi g‡a¨ A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK Ges mvs¯‹…wZK †¶‡Î mdjZv AR©b m¤¢e bq| G‡¶‡Î Pzw³‡Z †h mKj AwaKv‡ii K_v ejv n‡q‡Q †m mKj eva¨evaKZv/AvBb m¤ú~Y© ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ mKj ivóªB Zvr¶wbK fv‡e cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡¶c MÖnY Ki‡e|

ivóª AwaKKvimg~n ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ wbb¥wjwLZ c`‡ÿc MÖnY Ki‡e| h_v:

� AvBb

� cÖkvmwbK

� wePvi

� A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK Ges wk¶vi mv‡_ msMwZ c~Y© c`‡ÿc

iv‡óªi eva¨evaKZv c~i‡Yi Rb¨ dj cÖmyfv‡e m¤ú‡`i e¨envi wbwðZ Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| hv‡Z †Kvb iKg ˆelg¨ QvovB cÖ‡Z¨K bvMwiK mš‘wói mv‡_ Zv‡`i AwaKvi †fvM Ki‡Z cv‡i| G‡ÿ‡Î

ü †`‡ki Af¨šÍ‡ii m¤ú`mg~n; Ges

ü AvšÍ©RvwZK mn‡hvMxZv Ges mnvqZv Gi e¨envi cÖ‡qvRb

Aby‡”Q`-2: ivóª KZ©…K AwaKvi mg~‡ni ev¯Íevqb wbf©i K‡i Zv‡`i Avf¨šÍixb m¤ú‡`i chv©ßZv Ges Zvi djcÖmy e¨env‡ii mvg_¨©| KviY Dbœqbkxj †`‡ki A‡bK ivóª Zv‡`i m¤ú‡`i chv©ßZv evov‡bvi Rb¨ A‡bK mgm¨vi mb¥yLxb n‡”Q| d‡j wewfbœ ivóª‡K eva¨evaKZv¸‡jv ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ wewfbœ †KŠkj cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z nq|

ivóªxq eva¨evaKZv

� AvB‡bi †Pv‡L mK‡j mgvb ^xK…wZ cvevi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q`-16)

� AvB‡bi Kv‡Q mK‡j mgvb wbivcËv Ges †MvcbxqZv i¶vi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` -17)

� ¯^vaxbfv‡e wPšÍv Kiv, we‡eK Ges ag© cvj‡bi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` -18)

� vaxb gZvgZ cKÖ vk I Zv e¨³ Kivi AwaKvi (Ab‡y ”Q`-19)

� hy× ev RvwZMZ A_ev ag©xq AvNvZ DrmvwnZ K‡i Giƒc cÖPviY cÖwZnZ Kiv (Aby‡”Q` -20)

� kvwšÍc~Y© mgv‡e‡ki AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` -21)

� msMVb Kivi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` -22)

� weevn Ges cwiivi MV‡bi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` -23)

� wkï‡`i Rb¨ AwaKvi ( bvevjK, RvZxqZv, Rb¥ wbeÜb Ges bvg we‡ePbv Kiv ) (Aby‡”Q` - 24)

� Rbmvavi‡Yi Kv‡R m¤ú„³ nIqv, †fvU †`Iqv, wbev©wPZ nIqv Ges miKvix PvKyix‡Z cÖ‡ekvwaKv‡ii AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` -25)

� AvB‡bi Kv‡Q mK‡j mgvb I wbivcËv cvevi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 26)

� †Kvb a‡g©i Abymvwi ev m`m¨ nIqv, ¶z`ª RvwZmËv, ¶z`ª RvwZmËvi fvlv, Zv‡`i ms¯‹…wZi PPv©, ag© cvjb Ges Zv‡`i wb‡R‡`i fvlv e¨env‡ii AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 27)

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv22 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 23

GQvovI †Kvb we‡kl `j ev †Mvwôi AwaKvi wbwð‡Zi Rb¨ RvwZms‡Ni AviI wKQz Pzw³ Ges mg‡SvZv `wj‡j ¯^v¶i i‡q‡Q| †hgb: bvix, wkï, Awfevmb, kvixwiK cÖwZe›`x, Avw`evmx RbMY| evsjv‡`k miKvi RvwZms‡Ni †hme Pzw³ I mgSZv ¯^vi‡K ¯^¶i K‡i‡Q Zv wb¤œiæct

� bvixi cÖwZ mKj cÖKvi mwnsmZv we‡jv‡ci mb` (wm‡Wv) (evsjv‡`k 6 b‡f¤^i 1984 ^v¶i K‡i)

� wkï AwaKvi mb` (wmAviwm), 1989 (evsjv‡`k AMvó 1990 mv‡j ^v¶i K‡i)

� mKj cKÖ vi wbhv© Zb ev Ab vb¨ wbôiz AvPiY, AgvbweK ev KviI ghv© vnvwb ev kvw iÍ weiæ‡× AvšR© Í vwZK mb` (K vU) 1984, (evsjv‡ k G mb‡ 5 A‡±vei 1998 mv‡j v¶i K‡i‡Q)

� mKj cÖKvi eY© elg¨ wb‡iv‡a AvšÍR©vwZK mb` (AvBwmBAviwW) 1965, (evsjv‡`k G mb‡` 11 Ryb 1979 ^v¶i K‡i‡Q)|

� cÖwZe›`x‡`i AwaKvi i¶vi Rb¨ mb` (evsjv‡`k 30 b‡f¤^i 2007 mv‡j GB mb‡` ^v¶i K‡i)|

� ˆewk¦K Rjevqy cwieZ©‡bi Rb¨ RvwZms‡Ni KvVv‡gv mb`, 1992 (15 GwcÖj 1994 ^v¶i K‡i‡Q)

� mKj Awfevmx Kg©x Ges Zv‡`i cwiev‡ii myi¶v Ki‡Yi Rb¨ cÖbxZ mb`, 1990 (evsjv‡`k 7 A‡±vei 1998 mv‡j ¯^v¶i K‡i‡Q)

� SzwKc~b© wkï kÖ‡gi weiæ‡× AvšÍR©vwZK mb`, 1999 (bs-182) (evsjv‡`k 12 gvP© 2001 mv‡j ^v¶i K‡i‡Q)

GQvov, evsjv‡`k RvwZms‡Ni GKwU m`m¨ ivóª Ges A‡bKMy‡jv mb‡` mB K‡i‡Q| RvwZms‡Ni mb‡` D‡jwLZ AwaKvimg~n ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ evsjv‡`k ˆbwZK eva¨evaKZv cÖ`vb Ki‡Q| †h‡nZz evsjv‡`k RvwZms‡Ni mb` Ges Pzw³‡Z mB K‡i‡Q Ges evsjv‡`k RwZms‡Ni m`m¨ ivóª | myZivs evsjv‡`k miKvi AwaKvi¸‡jv ev¯Íevqb Ki‡Z cÖwZkÖæwZe×|

1945 mv‡j RvwZmsN cÖwZôvKvj †_‡KB bvixi AwaKvi gvbevwaKvi wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv nq| RvwZms‡Ni `wj‡ji gyLe‡× †gŠwjK AwaKv‡i wek¦vm, gvby‡li mb¥vb ghv©`vi AwaKvi Ges bvix I cyiæ‡li mgvb AwaKv‡ii welq my¯úó Kiv n‡q‡Q| RvwZms‡Ni `wj‡j Aby‡”Q`-1 (3) G D‡jøL Av‡Q †h, RvwZms‡Ni D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv AvšÍR©vwZK mn‡hvMxZvi gva¨‡g AvšÍR©vw©ZK mgm¨v¸‡jvi mgvavb Kiv †hgb A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK, mvs¯‹…wZK I gvbweK wPÎ Ges gvbevwaKv‡ii cÖwZ mb¥vb †`Lv‡Z DrmvwnZ Kiv †hb e„Y©, wj½, fvlv Ges ag©xq †f`v‡f` e¨wZ‡i‡KB mK‡jB †gŠwjK AwaKvi †fvM Ki‡Z cv‡i| 1948 mv‡j mve©Rbxb gvbevwaKvi †Nvlbv Abyhvqx elg¨nxbZvi bxwZ Ges mKj gvbyl ^vaxb I mgvb ghv©`v Ges AwaKvi wb‡q Rb¥MÖnY K‡i Ges mgvb ghv©`vi AwaKvix| eY©, wj½, fvlv, A_ev ag©, ivR‰bwZK ev wfbœ gZvgZ, RvZxq ev mvgvwRK, m¤úwË, Rb¥ ev Ab¨ †Kvb Ae¯’v hv †nvK bv †Kb, †Kvb iKg elg¨ QvovB mevB PZz_© Aa¨v‡q D‡jøwLZ AwaKvi Ges ^vaxbZv †fvM Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

bvix‡`i Rb¨ gvbevwaKv‡ii gvb`Û

AvšÍR©vwZK Aw½Kvi Abymv‡i, RvwZmsN 1948 mv‡ji gvbevwaKvi mb‡` AvšÍR©vwZKfv‡e ^xK…Z wewamgyn wb‡q 7 b‡f¤^i 1967 mv‡j bvixi cÖwZ mKj cÖKvi ˆelg¨ `~ixKi‡Yi mb` †Nvlbv K‡i| †h‡nZy RvwZms‡Ni m`m¨ iv‡óªi G¸‡jv ev¯Íevq‡b AvBbMZ †Kvb eva¨evaKZv ‡bB myZivs 1979 mv‡j RvwZms‡Ni mvaviY cwil‡` Òbvixi GwU mKj ˆelg¨ `~ixKiY (wm‡Wv)Ó †Nvlbvq ¯^v¶‡ii gva¨‡g Òbvixi GwU mKj ai‡bi ˆelg¨ `~ixKi‡bi mb` ev¯Íevq‡b AvBbMZ wfwË cvq| GUv‡K AvšÍR©vwZK bvix AwaKv‡ii mb` wn‡m‡e †Nvlbv Kiv nh, hv 1981 mv‡j 3iv †m‡Þ¤^i Kvh©Ki Kiv nq|

wm‡Wv mb` 30wU Aby‡”Q` I cÖ¯Ívebv wb‡q MwVZ| GUv wb‡b¥v³ 3wU fv‡M fvM Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i: 1. Aby‡”Q` 1-16: bvix I cyiy‡li gv‡S mgZv

2. Aby‡”Q` 17-22: BDGb wm‡Wv KwgwU Ges Gi weavb mgyn

3. Aby‡”Q` 22-30: Pzw³i cÖkvmwbK Kvh©µg

wj½ †f‡` †h †Kvb cv_©K¨, eR©b, wKsev wewawb‡la Av‡ivc Kiv hv bvixi m¤§vb Avb›` I ^xK…wZ‡K Aeg~j¨vqb K‡i wKsev bvixi ˆeevwnK Ae¯’v, bvix I cyiæ‡li mgZv wfwËK g~j¨vqb Ges ivR‰bwZK A_©‰bwZKg mvgvwRK, mvs¯‹…wZK, bvMwiK wKsev Ab¨vb¨ †ÿ‡Î bvixi gvbevwaKvi I †gŠwiK ^vaxbZv ÿzbœ K‡i Giƒc welq|

wb‡R mb` MÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g cÖ‡Z¨K ivóª bvixi cÖwZ elg¨ ~wiKi‡Y wb‡Riv GKvwaK e¨e¯’v MÖnb Kivi cÖwZkÖæwZ w`‡q‡Q hv wb¤œiƒc:

� ivóª Zv‡`i AvB‡bi g‡a¨ bvix cyiæ‡li mgZvi bxwZ AšÍf‚©³ Kivi Rb¨ mKj †elg¨g~jK bxwZ eR©b Ki‡e Ges bvixi cÖwZ ˆelg¨ e‡Ü Dchy³ e¨e¯’v MÖnY Ki‡e|

� bvixi cÖwZ mKj cÖKvi elg¨ ~ixKi‡Y UªvBeybvj Ges Ab¨vb¨ cvewjK cÖwZôvbmg~‡n Kvh©Ki myi¶v e¨e¯’v wbwðZ Ki‡e|

� e¨w³, cÖwZôvb ev D‡`¨v³v Zixi gva¨‡g bvixi cÖwZ me ai‡bi elg¨ ~wiKiY wbwðZ Ki‡e|

Rxe‡bi mKj †¶‡Î bvixiv †gŠwjKfv‡e cyiæ‡li mgvb| ivóª Aek¨B ivR‰bwZK, mvgvwRK, A_©‰bwZK Ges mvs¯‹…wZK †¶‡Î bvixi mgZv weav‡b cÖ‡qvRbxq e¨e¯’v MÖnY Ki‡e|

bvixi mgZv ‡Rvi`vi Kivi Rb¨ ivóª we‡kl A¯’vqx e¨e¯’v MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i|

mKj ivóª ^xKvi K‡i †h, ïay wj‡½i wfwˇZ †Kvb e¨w³i byb¨Zv ev †kÖôZ¡ m¤ú‡K© Abygv‡bi Dci wbf©iK‡i †Kvb wbqg ms‡kvab ev ev` †`Ihv hvq bv|

mKj ivóª bvixi cwZZve„wË I cvPvi cÖwZ‡iva Kivi Rb¨ c`‡¶c wb‡Z mb¥Z|

Ab‡y ”Q`-1: wm‡Wv bvixi cwÖ Z elg¨ m½vwqZ K‡i‡Q hv wb¤iœ ƒc

wm‡Wv‡Z bvix‡`i AwaKvi welqK wewa

Aby‡”Q` - 3: mgZv

Aby‡”Q` - 4: A¯’vqx we‡kl e¨e¯’v

Aby‡”Q` - 5: webv wePv‡i wm×všÍ MÖnY

Aby‡”Q` - 6: bvix cvPvi gb

GB AwaKvi¸‡jv ªæZ ev¯Íevq‡b Pzw³‡Z wKQz wkw_jZv i‡q‡Q| A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK Ges mvs¯‹…wZK AwaKvimg~n ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ iKvi chv©ß m¤ú‡`i gRy` Ges evB‡ii mvnvh¨ I mn‡hvMxZv| cÖwZwU ivóª Zv‡`i m¤ú‡`i chv©ßZv wb‡q wewfbœ mgm¨vi gy‡LvgywL nq| myZivs wewfbœ ivóª‡K AwaKvimg~n ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ wewfbœ †KŠkj Aej¤^b Ki‡Z nq| D`vniY ¯^iæct RxebhvÎvi mwVK gvb`‡Ði mv‡_ wbR Ges cwiev‡ii m`m¨‡`i wb‡q †eu‡P _vKvi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q`-11)| evsjv‡`‡ki gZ †`‡ki c‡¶ GB gvb`Ð AR©‡bi Rb¨ iKvi chv©ß m¤ú` Ges evB‡ii mn‡hvMxZv |

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv24 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 25

GQvovI †Kvb we‡kl `j ev †Mvwôi AwaKvi wbwð‡Zi Rb¨ RvwZms‡Ni AviI wKQz Pzw³ Ges mg‡SvZv `wj‡j ¯^v¶i i‡q‡Q| †hgb: bvix, wkï, Awfevmb, kvixwiK cÖwZe›`x, Avw`evmx RbMY| evsjv‡`k miKvi RvwZms‡Ni †hme Pzw³ I mgSZv ¯^vi‡K ¯^¶i K‡i‡Q Zv wb¤œiæct

� bvixi cÖwZ mKj cÖKvi mwnsmZv we‡jv‡ci mb` (wm‡Wv) (evsjv‡`k 6 b‡f¤^i 1984 ^v¶i K‡i)

� wkï AwaKvi mb` (wmAviwm), 1989 (evsjv‡`k AMvó 1990 mv‡j ^v¶i K‡i)

� mKj cKÖ vi wbhv© Zb ev Ab vb¨ wbôiz AvPiY, AgvbweK ev KviI ghv© vnvwb ev kvw iÍ weiæ‡× AvšR© Í vwZK mb` (K vU) 1984, (evsjv‡ k G mb‡ 5 A‡±vei 1998 mv‡j v¶i K‡i‡Q)

� mKj cÖKvi eY© elg¨ wb‡iv‡a AvšÍR©vwZK mb` (AvBwmBAviwW) 1965, (evsjv‡`k G mb‡` 11 Ryb 1979 ^v¶i K‡i‡Q)|

� cÖwZe›`x‡`i AwaKvi i¶vi Rb¨ mb` (evsjv‡`k 30 b‡f¤^i 2007 mv‡j GB mb‡` ^v¶i K‡i)|

� ˆewk¦K Rjevqy cwieZ©‡bi Rb¨ RvwZms‡Ni KvVv‡gv mb`, 1992 (15 GwcÖj 1994 ^v¶i K‡i‡Q)

� mKj Awfevmx Kg©x Ges Zv‡`i cwiev‡ii myi¶v Ki‡Yi Rb¨ cÖbxZ mb`, 1990 (evsjv‡`k 7 A‡±vei 1998 mv‡j ¯^v¶i K‡i‡Q)

� SzwKc~b© wkï kÖ‡gi weiæ‡× AvšÍR©vwZK mb`, 1999 (bs-182) (evsjv‡`k 12 gvP© 2001 mv‡j ^v¶i K‡i‡Q)

GQvov, evsjv‡`k RvwZms‡Ni GKwU m`m¨ ivóª Ges A‡bKMy‡jv mb‡` mB K‡i‡Q| RvwZms‡Ni mb‡` D‡jwLZ AwaKvimg~n ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ evsjv‡`k ˆbwZK eva¨evaKZv cÖ`vb Ki‡Q| †h‡nZz evsjv‡`k RvwZms‡Ni mb` Ges Pzw³‡Z mB K‡i‡Q Ges evsjv‡`k RwZms‡Ni m`m¨ ivóª | myZivs evsjv‡`k miKvi AwaKvi¸‡jv ev¯Íevqb Ki‡Z cÖwZkÖæwZe×|

1945 mv‡j RvwZmsN cÖwZôvKvj †_‡KB bvixi AwaKvi gvbevwaKvi wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv nq| RvwZms‡Ni `wj‡ji gyLe‡× †gŠwjK AwaKv‡i wek¦vm, gvby‡li mb¥vb ghv©`vi AwaKvi Ges bvix I cyiæ‡li mgvb AwaKv‡ii welq my¯úó Kiv n‡q‡Q| RvwZms‡Ni `wj‡j Aby‡”Q`-1 (3) G D‡jøL Av‡Q †h, RvwZms‡Ni D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv AvšÍR©vwZK mn‡hvMxZvi gva¨‡g AvšÍR©vw©ZK mgm¨v¸‡jvi mgvavb Kiv †hgb A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK, mvs¯‹…wZK I gvbweK wPÎ Ges gvbevwaKv‡ii cÖwZ mb¥vb †`Lv‡Z DrmvwnZ Kiv †hb e„Y©, wj½, fvlv Ges ag©xq †f`v‡f` e¨wZ‡i‡KB mK‡jB †gŠwjK AwaKvi †fvM Ki‡Z cv‡i| 1948 mv‡j mve©Rbxb gvbevwaKvi †Nvlbv Abyhvqx elg¨nxbZvi bxwZ Ges mKj gvbyl ^vaxb I mgvb ghv©`v Ges AwaKvi wb‡q Rb¥MÖnY K‡i Ges mgvb ghv©`vi AwaKvix| eY©, wj½, fvlv, A_ev ag©, ivR‰bwZK ev wfbœ gZvgZ, RvZxq ev mvgvwRK, m¤úwË, Rb¥ ev Ab¨ †Kvb Ae¯’v hv †nvK bv †Kb, †Kvb iKg elg¨ QvovB mevB PZz_© Aa¨v‡q D‡jøwLZ AwaKvi Ges ^vaxbZv †fvM Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

bvix‡`i Rb¨ gvbevwaKv‡ii gvb`Û

AvšÍR©vwZK Aw½Kvi Abymv‡i, RvwZmsN 1948 mv‡ji gvbevwaKvi mb‡` AvšÍR©vwZKfv‡e ^xK…Z wewamgyn wb‡q 7 b‡f¤^i 1967 mv‡j bvixi cÖwZ mKj cÖKvi ˆelg¨ `~ixKi‡Yi mb` †Nvlbv K‡i| †h‡nZy RvwZms‡Ni m`m¨ iv‡óªi G¸‡jv ev¯Íevq‡b AvBbMZ †Kvb eva¨evaKZv ‡bB myZivs 1979 mv‡j RvwZms‡Ni mvaviY cwil‡` Òbvixi GwU mKj ˆelg¨ `~ixKiY (wm‡Wv)Ó †Nvlbvq ¯^v¶‡ii gva¨‡g Òbvixi GwU mKj ai‡bi ˆelg¨ `~ixKi‡bi mb` ev¯Íevq‡b AvBbMZ wfwË cvq| GUv‡K AvšÍR©vwZK bvix AwaKv‡ii mb` wn‡m‡e †Nvlbv Kiv nh, hv 1981 mv‡j 3iv †m‡Þ¤^i Kvh©Ki Kiv nq|

wm‡Wv mb` 30wU Aby‡”Q` I cÖ¯Ívebv wb‡q MwVZ| GUv wb‡b¥v³ 3wU fv‡M fvM Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i: 1. Aby‡”Q` 1-16: bvix I cyiy‡li gv‡S mgZv

2. Aby‡”Q` 17-22: BDGb wm‡Wv KwgwU Ges Gi weavb mgyn

3. Aby‡”Q` 22-30: Pzw³i cÖkvmwbK Kvh©µg

wj½ †f‡` †h †Kvb cv_©K¨, eR©b, wKsev wewawb‡la Av‡ivc Kiv hv bvixi m¤§vb Avb›` I ^xK…wZ‡K Aeg~j¨vqb K‡i wKsev bvixi ˆeevwnK Ae¯’v, bvix I cyiæ‡li mgZv wfwËK g~j¨vqb Ges ivR‰bwZK A_©‰bwZKg mvgvwRK, mvs¯‹…wZK, bvMwiK wKsev Ab¨vb¨ †ÿ‡Î bvixi gvbevwaKvi I †gŠwiK ^vaxbZv ÿzbœ K‡i Giƒc welq|

wb‡R mb` MÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g cÖ‡Z¨K ivóª bvixi cÖwZ elg¨ ~wiKi‡Y wb‡Riv GKvwaK e¨e¯’v MÖnb Kivi cÖwZkÖæwZ w`‡q‡Q hv wb¤œiƒc:

� ivóª Zv‡`i AvB‡bi g‡a¨ bvix cyiæ‡li mgZvi bxwZ AšÍf‚©³ Kivi Rb¨ mKj †elg¨g~jK bxwZ eR©b Ki‡e Ges bvixi cÖwZ ˆelg¨ e‡Ü Dchy³ e¨e¯’v MÖnY Ki‡e|

� bvixi cÖwZ mKj cÖKvi elg¨ ~ixKi‡Y UªvBeybvj Ges Ab¨vb¨ cvewjK cÖwZôvbmg~‡n Kvh©Ki myi¶v e¨e¯’v wbwðZ Ki‡e|

� e¨w³, cÖwZôvb ev D‡`¨v³v Zixi gva¨‡g bvixi cÖwZ me ai‡bi elg¨ ~wiKiY wbwðZ Ki‡e|

Rxe‡bi mKj †¶‡Î bvixiv †gŠwjKfv‡e cyiæ‡li mgvb| ivóª Aek¨B ivR‰bwZK, mvgvwRK, A_©‰bwZK Ges mvs¯‹…wZK †¶‡Î bvixi mgZv weav‡b cÖ‡qvRbxq e¨e¯’v MÖnY Ki‡e|

bvixi mgZv ‡Rvi`vi Kivi Rb¨ ivóª we‡kl A¯’vqx e¨e¯’v MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i|

mKj ivóª ^xKvi K‡i †h, ïay wj‡½i wfwˇZ †Kvb e¨w³i byb¨Zv ev †kÖôZ¡ m¤ú‡K© Abygv‡bi Dci wbf©iK‡i †Kvb wbqg ms‡kvab ev ev` †`Ihv hvq bv|

mKj ivóª bvixi cwZZve„wË I cvPvi cÖwZ‡iva Kivi Rb¨ c`‡¶c wb‡Z mb¥Z|

Ab‡y ”Q`-1: wm‡Wv bvixi cwÖ Z elg¨ m½vwqZ K‡i‡Q hv wb¤iœ ƒc

wm‡Wv‡Z bvix‡`i AwaKvi welqK wewa

Aby‡”Q` - 3: mgZv

Aby‡”Q` - 4: A¯’vqx we‡kl e¨e¯’v

Aby‡”Q` - 5: webv wePv‡i wm×všÍ MÖnY

Aby‡”Q` - 6: bvix cvPvi gb

GB AwaKvi¸‡jv ªæZ ev¯Íevq‡b Pzw³‡Z wKQz wkw_jZv i‡q‡Q| A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK Ges mvs¯‹…wZK AwaKvimg~n ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ iKvi chv©ß m¤ú‡`i gRy` Ges evB‡ii mvnvh¨ I mn‡hvMxZv| cÖwZwU ivóª Zv‡`i m¤ú‡`i chv©ßZv wb‡q wewfbœ mgm¨vi gy‡LvgywL nq| myZivs wewfbœ ivóª‡K AwaKvimg~n ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ wewfbœ †KŠkj Aej¤^b Ki‡Z nq| D`vniY ¯^iæct RxebhvÎvi mwVK gvb`‡Ði mv‡_ wbR Ges cwiev‡ii m`m¨‡`i wb‡q †eu‡P _vKvi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q`-11)| evsjv‡`‡ki gZ †`‡ki c‡¶ GB gvb`Ð AR©‡bi Rb¨ iKvi chv©ß m¤ú` Ges evB‡ii mn‡hvMxZv |

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv24 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 25

Aby‡”Q` - 7: ivR‰bwZK I bvMwiK Rxeb

Aby‡Q` - 8: AvšÍ©RvwZK KvR

Aby‡”Q` - 9: RvZxqZv

Aby‡”Q` - 10: wk¶v

Aby‡”Q` - 11: PvKwi

Aby‡”Q` - 12: ^v¯’¨

Aby‡”Q` - 13: A_©‰bwZK Ges mvgvwRK Rxeb

Aby‡”Q` - 14: MÖvgxb bvix

Aby‡”Q` - 15: AvB‡bi „wó‡Z mgvb

Aby‡”Q`e - 16: weevn Ges cwievi MVb

bvix‡`i †fvU cÖ`vb, miKvix Kg©‡¶‡Î Ae¯’vb Ges mykxj mgv‡R mgvb AskMÖn‡Yi AwaKvi Av‡Q|

†Kvb cÖKvi elg¨ Qvov AvšÍ©RvwZK ch©v‡q bvixi KvR Kivi AwaKvi Av‡Q|

bvix‡`i cyiæ‡li mv‡_ mgvbfv‡e †Kvb wKQz AR©b Kivi, cwieZ©b, wKsev Zv‡`i Ges Zv‡`i mšÍvb‡`i RvZxqZv a‡i ivLvi AwaKvi Av‡Q|

cyiæ‡li cvkvcvwk bvix‡`i wk¶v MÖnY, ‹z‡j fwZ©, e„wËg~jK cÖwk¶b MÖnY Ges wk¶v e„wË cvevi mgvb AwaKvi Av‡Q|

bvix‡`i PvKzixi †¶‡Î eevwnK Ae¯’v ev cÖmywZ Kvjxb myweavmn mKj cÖKvi my‡hvM cvIqvi mgvb AwaKvi i‡q‡Q|

mvkÖqx g~‡j¨ bvixi ^v¯’¨ †mev MÖn‡Yi mgvb AwaKvi Av‡Q|

bvixi cwievwiK my‡hvM-myweav, Avw_©K myweav Ges we‡bv`bg~jK Kg©Kv‡Û AskMÖnY Kivi mgvb AwaKvi Av‡Q|

K) cvwievwiK my‡hvM-myweavi MÖn‡Yi AwaKviL) e¨vsK FY, eÜKx Ges Ab¨vb¨ Avw_©K myweav MÖn‡Yi AwaKviM) we‡bv`bg~jK Kvh©µ‡g AskMÖnY, †Ljv-a~jv I mKj ai‡bi mvs¯‹…wZK Rxe‡b AskMÖn‡Yi AwaKvi Av‡Q|

MÖvgxb bvix‡`i ch©vß emev‡mi myweav, Dbœqb cwiKíbvq AskMÖnY, ^v‡¯’¨i ‡mev Ges wk¶v Mªn‡Yi AwaKvi Av‡Q|

AvB‡bi `„wó‡Z bvix Ges cyiæl DfqB mgvb| bvix‡`i Pzw³‡Z DcbxZ nIqvi, wbR¯^ m¤úwË AR©b, Ges emev‡mi Rb¨ RvqMv wbev©P‡bi AvBbMZ AwaKvi Av‡Q|

bvixi weevn Ges cwievi MVb msµvšÍ wel‡q cyiæ‡li mgvb AwaKvi Av‡Q|

K) weevn Kivi †¶‡Î mgvb AwaKviM) weevn Ges Zvjv‡Ki †¶‡Î mgvb vwqZ¡ Ges AwaKvi Av‡QP) bvixi AwffveKZ¡ MÖnY, ZZ¡veavqK, b¨vqi¶K Ges wkky ËK †bIqvi AwaKvi Av‡Q|

myZivs wm‡Wv ivR‰bwZK Ges bvMwiK Rxe‡b bvix‡`i mgvb cÖ‡ekMg¨Zv Ges mgvb my‡hvM wbwð‡Zi gva¨‡g bvix I cyiæl‡K mgvb AwaKvi w`‡q‡Q, †hgb: †fvU †`Iqvi AwaKvi, wbev©P‡b uvov‡bvi AwaKvi Z_v- wk¶v, ^v¯’¨ Ges Kg©ms¯’v‡bi my‡hvM| ivóª AvBb cÖYqb Ges mvgwqK we‡kl e¨e¯’v MÖnYmn mKj cÖ‡qvRbxq e¨e¯’v MÖnY Ki‡e †hb bvixiv Zv‡`i mKj gvbevwaKvi Ges †gŠwjK ¯^vaxbZv †fvM Ki‡Z cv‡i|

GQvov, wm‡Wv GKgvÎ gvbevwaKvi mb` hv bvix‡`i cÖRbb AwaKvi, jw¶Z ms¯‹…wZ Ges iÿvq cÖiYv Ges cwiev‡ii m¤úK© wbb©‡q cÖfve we¯Ívi K‡i| GUv „pZvi mv‡_ bvixi AwaKvi AR©b, cwieZ©b, bvixi wb‡Ri Ges Zvi wkï‡`i RvZxqZv eRvq ivLvi †Nvlbv †`q| ivóª meai‡bi bvix cvPvi I †kvlY ev eÂbv cÖwZ‡iv‡a cÖ‡qvRbxq e¨e¯’v MÖn‡Y mb¥Z n‡q‡Q| †h mKj ivóª wm‡Wv mb‡` ¯^v¶i K‡i‡Q †m mKj ivóª AvBbMZfv‡e G¸‡jv ev¯Íevqb Ki‡Z euva¨| Zviv Pzw³ Abyhvqx eva¨evaZKvmg~n ev¯Íevq‡b wK ai‡bi Kvh©Ki f~wgKv MÖnY K‡i‡Q Kgc‡¶ cÖwZ Pvi eQi ci Zvi cÖwZ‡e`b mieivn Ki‡Z cÖwZkÖæwZe×|

wm‡Wv‡Z evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii msiwÿZ Aby‡”Q` mgyn: evsjv‡`k miKvi 1984 mv‡ji 6 b‡f¤^i wm‡Wv mb‡`i Aby‡”Q`-2, 13 (1) (K), 16.1 (M) Ges (P) msiwÿZ †i‡L ^vÿi K‡i| bvix cwiPvwjZ mykxj mgvR I GbwRI‡`i mdj Awacig‡k©i d‡j evsjv‡`k miKvi wm‡Wv mb‡`i Aby‡”Q` 13 (G) (K) I 16.1 (P) †_‡K Zvi AvcwË Zz‡j wb‡q‡Q| wKš‘ evsjv‡`‡k weivRgvb msiwÿZ yÕwU Aby‡”Q` wb¤œiæc:

¡ Aby‡”Q` 2 †Z mvsweavwbK AvBb, AvBb cÖbqb Ges AvB‡bi wewamgyn el‡g¨i weiæ‡× mKj AwaKvi eySvq; ¡ Aby‡”Q` 16 (1) (M) hv weevn Ges weevn msµvšÍ mKj welq wb¯úwˇZ bvixi mgvb AwaKvi wb‡`©k K‡i|

RvwZms‡Ni wm‡Wv mb‡`i 2 I 16 G ywU Aby‡”Q`‡K g~j welq wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv nq| wKš‘ evsjv‡`k miKvi kwiqv AvBb cweÎ KziAvb I mybœv‡ni mv‡_ mvsNwel©K we‡ePbvq GB `ywU Aby‡”Q` †K msiwÿZ K‡i‡Q| miKvi g‡b Ki‡Q GUv Bmjvg a‡g©i mv‡_ mvsNwl©K| Ab¨w`‡K bvixiv g‡b Ki‡Q G msiÿ‡bi d‡j Zv‡`i AwaKvi‡K mxwgZ Kiv n‡q‡Q|

wkï‡`i Rb¨ gvbevwaKv‡ii gvb`Û1924 mv‡ji jxM Ae b¨vkbm KZ…©K †R‡bfvq wkï‡`i AwaKvi †Nvlbvi gva¨‡g wkï AwaKvi Kvh©Kix Kivi ¯^xK…wZ cvq| GB †Nvlbvi gva¨‡g wkï Zvi ¯^vfvweK weKv‡ki my‡hvM jvf K‡i, ¶zavZ© wkï Lv‡`¨i AwaKvi cvq, Amy¯’ wkï cvq ¯^v¯’¨ †mevi AwaKvi, AbAMÖmi wkï Zv‡K cybiy×v‡ii vex Kivi AwaKvi cvq, GwZg wkïiv Avkª‡qi AwaKvi Ges †kvlb †_‡K i¶v cvevi AwaKvi cvq|

1948 mv‡ji gvbevwaKvi mb` Gi Aby‡”Q` 25 (2) Gi gva¨‡g ˆkk‡e wkïi hZœ Ges mnvqZv cvevi AwaKvi wbwðZ nq| gvbevwaKv‡ii g~jbxwZi Dci wfwË K‡i RvwZmsN 1959 m‡j wkï AwaKvi m`b MÖnY K‡i, †hLv‡b wkïi mve©Rbxb AwaKvimn wkïi we‡kl 10wU AwaKvi myi¶vi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| †m¸‡jv n‡jv: wkkyi we‡kl myi¶vi AwaKvi, me ai‡bi ˆelg¨ n‡Z i¶v cvIqvi AwaKvimn Ab¨vb¨ AwaKvi| GLv‡b D‡jL¨ †h, G †Nvlbvq RwZms‡Ni m`m¨ iv󪸇jvi D³ AvBb ev¯Íveq‡b †Kvb AvBbMZ eva¨evaKZv wQj bv d‡j, RwZmsN 1989 mv‡j me©‡kl Kb‡fbkb Ab w` ivBU Ae w` PvBì (wmAviwm) MÖnY K‡i hv 1990 mv‡j Kvh©Ki nq|

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv26 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 27

Aby‡”Q` - 7: ivR‰bwZK I bvMwiK Rxeb

Aby‡Q` - 8: AvšÍ©RvwZK KvR

Aby‡”Q` - 9: RvZxqZv

Aby‡”Q` - 10: wk¶v

Aby‡”Q` - 11: PvKwi

Aby‡”Q` - 12: ^v¯’¨

Aby‡”Q` - 13: A_©‰bwZK Ges mvgvwRK Rxeb

Aby‡”Q` - 14: MÖvgxb bvix

Aby‡”Q` - 15: AvB‡bi „wó‡Z mgvb

Aby‡”Q`e - 16: weevn Ges cwievi MVb

bvix‡`i †fvU cÖ`vb, miKvix Kg©‡¶‡Î Ae¯’vb Ges mykxj mgv‡R mgvb AskMÖn‡Yi AwaKvi Av‡Q|

†Kvb cÖKvi elg¨ Qvov AvšÍ©RvwZK ch©v‡q bvixi KvR Kivi AwaKvi Av‡Q|

bvix‡`i cyiæ‡li mv‡_ mgvbfv‡e †Kvb wKQz AR©b Kivi, cwieZ©b, wKsev Zv‡`i Ges Zv‡`i mšÍvb‡`i RvZxqZv a‡i ivLvi AwaKvi Av‡Q|

cyiæ‡li cvkvcvwk bvix‡`i wk¶v MÖnY, ‹z‡j fwZ©, e„wËg~jK cÖwk¶b MÖnY Ges wk¶v e„wË cvevi mgvb AwaKvi Av‡Q|

bvix‡`i PvKzixi †¶‡Î eevwnK Ae¯’v ev cÖmywZ Kvjxb myweavmn mKj cÖKvi my‡hvM cvIqvi mgvb AwaKvi i‡q‡Q|

mvkÖqx g~‡j¨ bvixi ^v¯’¨ †mev MÖn‡Yi mgvb AwaKvi Av‡Q|

bvixi cwievwiK my‡hvM-myweav, Avw_©K myweav Ges we‡bv`bg~jK Kg©Kv‡Û AskMÖnY Kivi mgvb AwaKvi Av‡Q|

K) cvwievwiK my‡hvM-myweavi MÖn‡Yi AwaKviL) e¨vsK FY, eÜKx Ges Ab¨vb¨ Avw_©K myweav MÖn‡Yi AwaKviM) we‡bv`bg~jK Kvh©µ‡g AskMÖnY, †Ljv-a~jv I mKj ai‡bi mvs¯‹…wZK Rxe‡b AskMÖn‡Yi AwaKvi Av‡Q|

MÖvgxb bvix‡`i ch©vß emev‡mi myweav, Dbœqb cwiKíbvq AskMÖnY, ^v‡¯’¨i ‡mev Ges wk¶v Mªn‡Yi AwaKvi Av‡Q|

AvB‡bi `„wó‡Z bvix Ges cyiæl DfqB mgvb| bvix‡`i Pzw³‡Z DcbxZ nIqvi, wbR¯^ m¤úwË AR©b, Ges emev‡mi Rb¨ RvqMv wbev©P‡bi AvBbMZ AwaKvi Av‡Q|

bvixi weevn Ges cwievi MVb msµvšÍ wel‡q cyiæ‡li mgvb AwaKvi Av‡Q|

K) weevn Kivi †¶‡Î mgvb AwaKviM) weevn Ges Zvjv‡Ki †¶‡Î mgvb vwqZ¡ Ges AwaKvi Av‡QP) bvixi AwffveKZ¡ MÖnY, ZZ¡veavqK, b¨vqi¶K Ges wkky ËK †bIqvi AwaKvi Av‡Q|

myZivs wm‡Wv ivR‰bwZK Ges bvMwiK Rxe‡b bvix‡`i mgvb cÖ‡ekMg¨Zv Ges mgvb my‡hvM wbwð‡Zi gva¨‡g bvix I cyiæl‡K mgvb AwaKvi w`‡q‡Q, †hgb: †fvU †`Iqvi AwaKvi, wbev©P‡b uvov‡bvi AwaKvi Z_v- wk¶v, ^v¯’¨ Ges Kg©ms¯’v‡bi my‡hvM| ivóª AvBb cÖYqb Ges mvgwqK we‡kl e¨e¯’v MÖnYmn mKj cÖ‡qvRbxq e¨e¯’v MÖnY Ki‡e †hb bvixiv Zv‡`i mKj gvbevwaKvi Ges †gŠwjK ¯^vaxbZv †fvM Ki‡Z cv‡i|

GQvov, wm‡Wv GKgvÎ gvbevwaKvi mb` hv bvix‡`i cÖRbb AwaKvi, jw¶Z ms¯‹…wZ Ges iÿvq cÖiYv Ges cwiev‡ii m¤úK© wbb©‡q cÖfve we¯Ívi K‡i| GUv „pZvi mv‡_ bvixi AwaKvi AR©b, cwieZ©b, bvixi wb‡Ri Ges Zvi wkï‡`i RvZxqZv eRvq ivLvi †Nvlbv †`q| ivóª meai‡bi bvix cvPvi I †kvlY ev eÂbv cÖwZ‡iv‡a cÖ‡qvRbxq e¨e¯’v MÖn‡Y mb¥Z n‡q‡Q| †h mKj ivóª wm‡Wv mb‡` ¯^v¶i K‡i‡Q †m mKj ivóª AvBbMZfv‡e G¸‡jv ev¯Íevqb Ki‡Z euva¨| Zviv Pzw³ Abyhvqx eva¨evaZKvmg~n ev¯Íevq‡b wK ai‡bi Kvh©Ki f~wgKv MÖnY K‡i‡Q Kgc‡¶ cÖwZ Pvi eQi ci Zvi cÖwZ‡e`b mieivn Ki‡Z cÖwZkÖæwZe×|

wm‡Wv‡Z evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii msiwÿZ Aby‡”Q` mgyn: evsjv‡`k miKvi 1984 mv‡ji 6 b‡f¤^i wm‡Wv mb‡`i Aby‡”Q`-2, 13 (1) (K), 16.1 (M) Ges (P) msiwÿZ †i‡L ^vÿi K‡i| bvix cwiPvwjZ mykxj mgvR I GbwRI‡`i mdj Awacig‡k©i d‡j evsjv‡`k miKvi wm‡Wv mb‡`i Aby‡”Q` 13 (G) (K) I 16.1 (P) †_‡K Zvi AvcwË Zz‡j wb‡q‡Q| wKš‘ evsjv‡`‡k weivRgvb msiwÿZ yÕwU Aby‡”Q` wb¤œiæc:

¡ Aby‡”Q` 2 †Z mvsweavwbK AvBb, AvBb cÖbqb Ges AvB‡bi wewamgyn el‡g¨i weiæ‡× mKj AwaKvi eySvq; ¡ Aby‡”Q` 16 (1) (M) hv weevn Ges weevn msµvšÍ mKj welq wb¯úwˇZ bvixi mgvb AwaKvi wb‡`©k K‡i|

RvwZms‡Ni wm‡Wv mb‡`i 2 I 16 G ywU Aby‡”Q`‡K g~j welq wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv nq| wKš‘ evsjv‡`k miKvi kwiqv AvBb cweÎ KziAvb I mybœv‡ni mv‡_ mvsNwel©K we‡ePbvq GB `ywU Aby‡”Q` †K msiwÿZ K‡i‡Q| miKvi g‡b Ki‡Q GUv Bmjvg a‡g©i mv‡_ mvsNwl©K| Ab¨w`‡K bvixiv g‡b Ki‡Q G msiÿ‡bi d‡j Zv‡`i AwaKvi‡K mxwgZ Kiv n‡q‡Q|

wkï‡`i Rb¨ gvbevwaKv‡ii gvb`Û1924 mv‡ji jxM Ae b¨vkbm KZ…©K †R‡bfvq wkï‡`i AwaKvi †Nvlbvi gva¨‡g wkï AwaKvi Kvh©Kix Kivi ¯^xK…wZ cvq| GB †Nvlbvi gva¨‡g wkï Zvi ¯^vfvweK weKv‡ki my‡hvM jvf K‡i, ¶zavZ© wkï Lv‡`¨i AwaKvi cvq, Amy¯’ wkï cvq ¯^v¯’¨ †mevi AwaKvi, AbAMÖmi wkï Zv‡K cybiy×v‡ii vex Kivi AwaKvi cvq, GwZg wkïiv Avkª‡qi AwaKvi Ges †kvlb †_‡K i¶v cvevi AwaKvi cvq|

1948 mv‡ji gvbevwaKvi mb` Gi Aby‡”Q` 25 (2) Gi gva¨‡g ˆkk‡e wkïi hZœ Ges mnvqZv cvevi AwaKvi wbwðZ nq| gvbevwaKv‡ii g~jbxwZi Dci wfwË K‡i RvwZmsN 1959 m‡j wkï AwaKvi m`b MÖnY K‡i, †hLv‡b wkïi mve©Rbxb AwaKvimn wkïi we‡kl 10wU AwaKvi myi¶vi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| †m¸‡jv n‡jv: wkkyi we‡kl myi¶vi AwaKvi, me ai‡bi ˆelg¨ n‡Z i¶v cvIqvi AwaKvimn Ab¨vb¨ AwaKvi| GLv‡b D‡jL¨ †h, G †Nvlbvq RwZms‡Ni m`m¨ iv󪸇jvi D³ AvBb ev¯Íveq‡b †Kvb AvBbMZ eva¨evaKZv wQj bv d‡j, RwZmsN 1989 mv‡j me©‡kl Kb‡fbkb Ab w` ivBU Ae w` PvBì (wmAviwm) MÖnY K‡i hv 1990 mv‡j Kvh©Ki nq|

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv26 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 27

wmAviwm mb‡` wkïi wb‡b¥v³ AwaKvi mgyn wbwðZ K‡i‡Q

2. RvZxq wewamg~‡n gvbevwaKv‡ii gvb`‡Ûi Drm

K. evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb

D`vniYt

� ˆelg¨nxbZv (Aby‡”Q` - 2) � ‡e‡uP _vKvi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 6)� RvZxqZv Mªn‡Yi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 7)� ¯^vaxbfv‡e gZ cÖKv‡ki AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 13) � wPšvÍ , we‡eK Ges agx© q vaxbZv i¶vi AwaKvi (Ab‡y ”Q`-14) � wkï msMVb Ges kvwšÍc~b© wkï mgv‡ek Kivi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 15) � e¨w³i †MvcbxqZv, cwievi ev A‡b¨i mv‡_ wPwVc‡Îi Av`vb-cÖ`vb ev †eAvBbx n¯Í‡¶c Gi weiæ‡× AvBbMZ myi¶vi AwaKvi

(Aby‡”Q` - 16)

� RvZxq Ges AvšÍR©vwZK Z_¨ m~‡Îi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 17)

� we‡kl miy ¶v cvIqvi Ges mnvqZvi AwaKvi (Ab‡y ”Q`-20)

� gvbwmK ev kvixwiKfv‡e cÖwZewÜ wkïi c~Y© weKvk Ges my¯’ Rxeb avi‡bi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 23)

� m‡ev©”P gvbmb¥Z ^v¯’¨ †mev, wPwKrmv, ^v¯’¨ I cybe©v‡mi my‡hvM jv‡fi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 24)

� mvgvwRK exgvmn wkïi mvgvwRK wbivcËv cvIqvi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 26)

� wkïi kvwiixK, gvbwmK, Ava¨vwZ¥K, bwZK Ges mvgvwRK Dbqœ ‡bi Rb¨ gvbmb¥Z Rxebavi‡bi AwaKvi (Ab‡y ”Q` - 27)

� wk¶vi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 28)

� wkïi wekÖvg, Aemi, †Ljv Ges we‡bv`bg~jK Kvh©µ‡g AskMÖn‡Yi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 31)

� A_©‰bwZK †kvlY I wec¾bK / ¶wZKi KvR †_‡K i¶v cvIqvi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 32)

� wbh©vZb, wbôzi ev AgvbweK A_ev AegvbbvKi AvPiY A_ev kvw¯ÍÍ n‡Z i¶v cvevi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 37)

1972 mv‡j evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb iwPZ nq, hv gvbevwaKvi i¶vi GKwU †gŠwjK DcKiY| 1948 mv‡ji gvbevwaKvi mb‡`i mv‡_ msMwZ †i‡L evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡b †gŠwjK AwaKviMy‡jv mywPZ nq| GUv msweav‡bi wØZxq I Z…Zxq As‡ki mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z| g~jZt 1972 mv‡ji msweav‡bi 8 †_‡K 25 Aby‡”Q` A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK Ges mvs¯‹…wZK AwaKv‡ii ¯^xK…wZ cÖ`vb K‡i| GUv iv‡óªi g~jbxwZ Ges bvMwiK Kj¨v‡Y cÖMwZkxj Dbœq‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ cwiPvwjZ nq |

wk¶vi AwaKvit AvšÍ©RvwZK gvbevwaKvi mb‡`i (1948 mv‡ji) Aby‡”Q`- 26 wk¶vi AwaKv‡ii ^xK…wZ ‡`q| ICESCR Gi 13

Aby‡”Q` 15 (K): iv‡óªi Ab¨Zg †gŠwjK `vwqZ¡ n‡”Q bvMwi‡Ki Abœ, e¯¿, wkÿv Ges wPwKrmvmn Rxeb avi‡bi †gŠwjK DcK‡iYi e¨e¯’v Kiv|Aby‡”Q` 17: iv‡óªi vwqZ¡ n‡”Q wkïi A‰eZwbK I eva¨Zvg~jK wkÿvi AwaKvi wbwðZ Kiv|

mvgvwRK wbivcËvi AwaKvit AvšÍ©RvwZK gvbevwaKvi mb‡`i (1948 mv‡ji) Aby‡”Q`- 22 Ges 25, ICESCR Gi Aby‡”Q` 9 Ges CESCR Gi mvaviY cÖwZkÖæwZ bs: 19 Ges CRC Gi Aby‡”Q` 27 Ges 28 mvgvwRK wbivcËvi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q wKš‘ evsj‡`‡ki msweavb ivóªxq g~jbxwZi Aby‡”Q` 15 (K) Ges Aby‡”Q` 15 (wW) wb‡`©k K‡i|

Ges 14 Aby‡”Q` Ges CRC Gi 28 Aby‡”Q` g~j AwaKvi wn‡m‡e ^xK…Z wKš‘ evsjv‡`k msweavb Aby‡”Q` 15 (K) Ges Aby‡”Q` 17 †gŠwjK AwaKv‡ii cwie‡Z© ivóªxq bxwZ wn‡m‡e ^xK…wZ †`q|

GQvovI evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb iv‡óªi bxwZ wn‡m‡e Kv‡Ri AwaKvi, mgvb gRywii AwaKvi Ges Kv‡Ri AbyKzj cwi‡ek wbwðZ Ki‡e| Gi A_© evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡b AvšÍR©vwZK gvbevwaKv‡ii ea¨evaKZv ev¯Íevq‡b h‡_ó kxw_jZvi my‡hvM Av‡Q| GZ`m‡Ë¦I evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb †Rviv‡jvfv‡e (Aby‡”Q` 27 †_‡K Aby‡”Q` 44 ch©šÍ) †gvU 18wU AwaKv‡ii K_v †NvlYv K‡i‡Q, †h¸‡jv AvBbMZfv‡e Ges wePvwiKfv‡e ^xK…Z| GB †gŠwjK AwKvi¸‡jv Qvov gvÎ 12wU AwaKvi‡K bvMwi‡Ki Rb¨ wbwðZ Kiv n‡q‡Q, ZvQvov evKx †gŠwjK AwaKvi¸‡jv mKj bvMwi‡Ki Rb¨ wbwðZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi 44 bs Aby‡”Q‡` †gŠwjK AwaKvi¸‡jv wbwðZ Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges mywcÖg‡Kv‡U©i nvB‡KvU© wWwfkb evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi 102 Aby‡”Q`‡K gvbevwaKvi ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ ¶gZv cÖ`vb K‡i‡Q| mywcÖg‡Kv‡U©i †gŠwjK AwaKvi ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ †Kvb wbw`ó wel‡q Av‡`k Rvwi Kivi Ges wbev©nx cÖavb‡K wb‡`©kbv cÖ`v‡bi ¶gZv i‡q‡Q Ges; A_ev AvBb cÖYqbKvix ms¯’v‡K (msm`‡K) gvbevwaKvi ev¯Íevq‡b cÖ‡qvRbxq e¨e¯’v MÖn‡Y wb‡`©k cÖ`vb Ki‡e|

� hw` wbev©nx †gŠwjK AwaKvi jsN‡b †Kvb e¨e¯’v MÖnY K‡i, Zvn‡j bvMwiK cÖwZKvi `vex Ki‡Z cvi‡e A_ev Av`vjZ Øviv AwaKvi cybiæ×vi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

� GKB fv‡e, hw` msweavb †Kvb AvBb cÖYqb K‡i hv †gŠwjK AwaKv‡ii mv‡_ m½wZ bq †m‡¶‡Î mywcÖg‡Kv‡U©i GB AvBb‡K AmvsweavwbK wn‡m‡e †NvlYv Kivi AvBbMZ AwaKvi Av‡Q|

Aby‡”Q` 15 (N) †eKviZ¡, Amy¯’Zv ev cÖwZewÜZ¡ ev weaev, Abv_, eq¯‹ gvbyl ev Ab¨vb¨ wel‡q hw` Zv‡`i cÿ †_‡K †Kvb Pwn`v Av‡m Zvn‡j ivóª mn‡hvMxZv cÖ`vb Ki‡e|

evsjv‡`‡ki bvMwiK‡`i †gŠwjK AwaKvi cvIqvi †ÿÎmg~n:

� AvB‡bi †Pv‡L mgZv (Aby‡”Q` - 27) � ag©xq Kvi‡Y ‰elg¨ (Aby‡”Q` - 28) � miKvix PvKwz i‡Z mK‡ji mgvb AwaKvi (Ab‡y ”Q`- 29)� we‡`kx †Kvb Dcvwa MÖn‡Y evav (Aby‡”Q`- 30)

wkï A_© cÖ‡Z¨K gvbyl hv‡`i eqm 18 eQ‡ii wb‡P Zviv mK‡jB wkï wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ n‡e hw` bvKviI †¶‡Î †Kvb AvBb cÖ‡hvR¨ nq|

Kb‡fbk‡b 54wU Aby‡”Q` Av‡Q Ges G¸‡jv‡K †gvU 3wU L‡Û fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q| Kb‡fbk‡bi cÖ_g Aby‡”Q‡` ejv n‡q‡Q:

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv28 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 29

wmAviwm mb‡` wkïi wb‡b¥v³ AwaKvi mgyn wbwðZ K‡i‡Q

2. RvZxq wewamg~‡n gvbevwaKv‡ii gvb`‡Ûi Drm

K. evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb

D`vniYt

� ˆelg¨nxbZv (Aby‡”Q` - 2) � ‡e‡uP _vKvi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 6)� RvZxqZv Mªn‡Yi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 7)� ¯^vaxbfv‡e gZ cÖKv‡ki AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 13) � wPšvÍ , we‡eK Ges agx© q vaxbZv i¶vi AwaKvi (Ab‡y ”Q`-14) � wkï msMVb Ges kvwšÍc~b© wkï mgv‡ek Kivi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 15) � e¨w³i †MvcbxqZv, cwievi ev A‡b¨i mv‡_ wPwVc‡Îi Av`vb-cÖ`vb ev †eAvBbx n¯Í‡¶c Gi weiæ‡× AvBbMZ myi¶vi AwaKvi

(Aby‡”Q` - 16)

� RvZxq Ges AvšÍR©vwZK Z_¨ m~‡Îi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 17)

� we‡kl miy ¶v cvIqvi Ges mnvqZvi AwaKvi (Ab‡y ”Q`-20)

� gvbwmK ev kvixwiKfv‡e cÖwZewÜ wkïi c~Y© weKvk Ges my¯’ Rxeb avi‡bi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 23)

� m‡ev©”P gvbmb¥Z ^v¯’¨ †mev, wPwKrmv, ^v¯’¨ I cybe©v‡mi my‡hvM jv‡fi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 24)

� mvgvwRK exgvmn wkïi mvgvwRK wbivcËv cvIqvi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 26)

� wkïi kvwiixK, gvbwmK, Ava¨vwZ¥K, bwZK Ges mvgvwRK Dbqœ ‡bi Rb¨ gvbmb¥Z Rxebavi‡bi AwaKvi (Ab‡y ”Q` - 27)

� wk¶vi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 28)

� wkïi wekÖvg, Aemi, †Ljv Ges we‡bv`bg~jK Kvh©µ‡g AskMÖn‡Yi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 31)

� A_©‰bwZK †kvlY I wec¾bK / ¶wZKi KvR †_‡K i¶v cvIqvi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 32)

� wbh©vZb, wbôzi ev AgvbweK A_ev AegvbbvKi AvPiY A_ev kvw¯ÍÍ n‡Z i¶v cvevi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 37)

1972 mv‡j evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb iwPZ nq, hv gvbevwaKvi i¶vi GKwU †gŠwjK DcKiY| 1948 mv‡ji gvbevwaKvi mb‡`i mv‡_ msMwZ †i‡L evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡b †gŠwjK AwaKviMy‡jv mywPZ nq| GUv msweav‡bi wØZxq I Z…Zxq As‡ki mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z| g~jZt 1972 mv‡ji msweav‡bi 8 †_‡K 25 Aby‡”Q` A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK Ges mvs¯‹…wZK AwaKv‡ii ¯^xK…wZ cÖ`vb K‡i| GUv iv‡óªi g~jbxwZ Ges bvMwiK Kj¨v‡Y cÖMwZkxj Dbœq‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ cwiPvwjZ nq |

wk¶vi AwaKvit AvšÍ©RvwZK gvbevwaKvi mb‡`i (1948 mv‡ji) Aby‡”Q`- 26 wk¶vi AwaKv‡ii ^xK…wZ ‡`q| ICESCR Gi 13

Aby‡”Q` 15 (K): iv‡óªi Ab¨Zg †gŠwjK `vwqZ¡ n‡”Q bvMwi‡Ki Abœ, e¯¿, wkÿv Ges wPwKrmvmn Rxeb avi‡bi †gŠwjK DcK‡iYi e¨e¯’v Kiv|Aby‡”Q` 17: iv‡óªi vwqZ¡ n‡”Q wkïi A‰eZwbK I eva¨Zvg~jK wkÿvi AwaKvi wbwðZ Kiv|

mvgvwRK wbivcËvi AwaKvit AvšÍ©RvwZK gvbevwaKvi mb‡`i (1948 mv‡ji) Aby‡”Q`- 22 Ges 25, ICESCR Gi Aby‡”Q` 9 Ges CESCR Gi mvaviY cÖwZkÖæwZ bs: 19 Ges CRC Gi Aby‡”Q` 27 Ges 28 mvgvwRK wbivcËvi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q wKš‘ evsj‡`‡ki msweavb ivóªxq g~jbxwZi Aby‡”Q` 15 (K) Ges Aby‡”Q` 15 (wW) wb‡`©k K‡i|

Ges 14 Aby‡”Q` Ges CRC Gi 28 Aby‡”Q` g~j AwaKvi wn‡m‡e ^xK…Z wKš‘ evsjv‡`k msweavb Aby‡”Q` 15 (K) Ges Aby‡”Q` 17 †gŠwjK AwaKv‡ii cwie‡Z© ivóªxq bxwZ wn‡m‡e ^xK…wZ †`q|

GQvovI evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb iv‡óªi bxwZ wn‡m‡e Kv‡Ri AwaKvi, mgvb gRywii AwaKvi Ges Kv‡Ri AbyKzj cwi‡ek wbwðZ Ki‡e| Gi A_© evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡b AvšÍR©vwZK gvbevwaKv‡ii ea¨evaKZv ev¯Íevq‡b h‡_ó kxw_jZvi my‡hvM Av‡Q| GZ`m‡Ë¦I evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb †Rviv‡jvfv‡e (Aby‡”Q` 27 †_‡K Aby‡”Q` 44 ch©šÍ) †gvU 18wU AwaKv‡ii K_v †NvlYv K‡i‡Q, †h¸‡jv AvBbMZfv‡e Ges wePvwiKfv‡e ^xK…Z| GB †gŠwjK AwKvi¸‡jv Qvov gvÎ 12wU AwaKvi‡K bvMwi‡Ki Rb¨ wbwðZ Kiv n‡q‡Q, ZvQvov evKx †gŠwjK AwaKvi¸‡jv mKj bvMwi‡Ki Rb¨ wbwðZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi 44 bs Aby‡”Q‡` †gŠwjK AwaKvi¸‡jv wbwðZ Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges mywcÖg‡Kv‡U©i nvB‡KvU© wWwfkb evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi 102 Aby‡”Q`‡K gvbevwaKvi ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ ¶gZv cÖ`vb K‡i‡Q| mywcÖg‡Kv‡U©i †gŠwjK AwaKvi ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ †Kvb wbw`ó wel‡q Av‡`k Rvwi Kivi Ges wbev©nx cÖavb‡K wb‡`©kbv cÖ`v‡bi ¶gZv i‡q‡Q Ges; A_ev AvBb cÖYqbKvix ms¯’v‡K (msm`‡K) gvbevwaKvi ev¯Íevq‡b cÖ‡qvRbxq e¨e¯’v MÖn‡Y wb‡`©k cÖ`vb Ki‡e|

� hw` wbev©nx †gŠwjK AwaKvi jsN‡b †Kvb e¨e¯’v MÖnY K‡i, Zvn‡j bvMwiK cÖwZKvi `vex Ki‡Z cvi‡e A_ev Av`vjZ Øviv AwaKvi cybiæ×vi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

� GKB fv‡e, hw` msweavb †Kvb AvBb cÖYqb K‡i hv †gŠwjK AwaKv‡ii mv‡_ m½wZ bq †m‡¶‡Î mywcÖg‡Kv‡U©i GB AvBb‡K AmvsweavwbK wn‡m‡e †NvlYv Kivi AvBbMZ AwaKvi Av‡Q|

Aby‡”Q` 15 (N) †eKviZ¡, Amy¯’Zv ev cÖwZewÜZ¡ ev weaev, Abv_, eq¯‹ gvbyl ev Ab¨vb¨ wel‡q hw` Zv‡`i cÿ †_‡K †Kvb Pwn`v Av‡m Zvn‡j ivóª mn‡hvMxZv cÖ`vb Ki‡e|

evsjv‡`‡ki bvMwiK‡`i †gŠwjK AwaKvi cvIqvi †ÿÎmg~n:

� AvB‡bi †Pv‡L mgZv (Aby‡”Q` - 27) � ag©xq Kvi‡Y ‰elg¨ (Aby‡”Q` - 28) � miKvix PvKwz i‡Z mK‡ji mgvb AwaKvi (Ab‡y ”Q`- 29)� we‡`kx †Kvb Dcvwa MÖn‡Y evav (Aby‡”Q`- 30)

wkï A_© cÖ‡Z¨K gvbyl hv‡`i eqm 18 eQ‡ii wb‡P Zviv mK‡jB wkï wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ n‡e hw` bvKviI †¶‡Î †Kvb AvBb cÖ‡hvR¨ nq|

Kb‡fbk‡b 54wU Aby‡”Q` Av‡Q Ges G¸‡jv‡K †gvU 3wU L‡Û fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q| Kb‡fbk‡bi cÖ_g Aby‡”Q‡` ejv n‡q‡Q:

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv28 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 29

evsjv‡`‡k mKj gvby‡li ‡gŠwjK AwaKv‡ii ‡ÿθ‡jvt

� Rxeb Ges e¨w³MZ ¯^vaxbZv iÿvi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 32)� †MÖdZvi Ges AvUKv‡`k n‡Z myiÿv cvIqvi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 33) � †Rvic~e©K kª‡g wb‡qvM iÿv cvIqvi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 34) � wePv‡ii cÖwZ mb¥vb I kvw¯Í n‡Z myiÿvi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 35)� agx©q ¯^vaxbZv (Aby‡”Q` - 41) � †gŠwjK AwaKvi KvhK© i Kivi AwaKvi (Ab‡y ”Q`-44)

D`vniY

RvZxq AvBb AeKvVv‡gv

1. Aby‡”Q` - 33: Ò‡MÖdZvi Ges AvUKv‡`k n‡Z myi¶v cvIqvi AwaKviÓ evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb AvUKv‡`k n‡Z myi¶v cvIqvi Rb¨ wb‡b¥v³ †gŠwjK AwaKvi w`‡q _v‡K;

1. GKwU Dc‡`óv †evW© Øviv ch©v‡jvPbv Kivi AwaKvi2. AvUKK…Z e¨w³i AvU‡Ki KviY Av‡jvPbv Kivi AwaKvi3. AvUKv‡`‡ki Dci (ïbvwbi) Dc¯’vc‡bi AwaKvi

†gŠwjK AwaKv‡ii weavb wnmv‡e, AvUvKv‡`kK…Z e¨w³ evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi 102 (K) Dci wfwË K‡i nvB‡KvU© AvUKv‡`‡ki weiæ‡× nvB‡Kv‡U© wiU wcwUwk‡bi gva¨‡g eaZv hvPvB‡qi Rb¨ wePvi‡Ki mvg‡b nvwRi Ki‡Z cvi‡e (wmAvi wcwmi aviv 491 Gi Aaxb)|

AvšÍR©vwZK gvbevwaKvi gvb`Ð †g‡b Pjvi Rb¨ evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi weavb Abymv‡i wbb¥wjwLZ AvBb mgyn cÖYqb K‡i‡Q| †hgb:

� `Ûwewa , 1960� †dŠR`vix Kvh©wewa (wmAviwcwm), 1898

� Z_¨ AwaKvi AvBb 2009

� wjM¨vj GBW G¨v±, 2010

� cvwievwiK mwnsmZv AvBb (cÖwZ‡iva Ges myi¶v), 2010

� c‡b©vMÖvwd wbqš¿b AvBb, 2012

� wkï AvBb, 2013

� gvbe cvPvi gb Ges cÖwZ‡iva AvBb, 2012

� evj¨ weevn wbqš¿Y AvBb, 1929

� bvix I wkïi weiæ‡× wbh©vZb gb AvBb , 2000 (ms‡kvabx 2003)

� evsjv‡`k kÖg AvBb , 2006

� evj¨ weevn wbqš¿Y AvBb, 1929 (ms‡kvwaZ 1984)

� †hŠZzK wb‡iva AvBb , 1980

� cvwievwiK Av`vjZ welqK AvBb , 1985 (1985 mv‡ji AwW©b¨vÝ bs: xviii)

mvaviYfv‡e ejv hvq †h, gvbevwaKvi j•Nb n‡”Q miKv‡ii AvBb ev¯Íevq‡b e¨_©Zv| RvZxq, AvÂwjK Ges AvšÍ©RvwZKfv‡e gvbevwaKvi AvBb j•Nb I gvbevwaKvi i¶vq ivóªxq eva¨evaKZv f½ Kivi welq mg~n RvwZms‡Ni cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv‡Z eY©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q| RvwZmsN cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKvi chv©‡e¶Y g‡Z wbb¥wjwLZ fv‡e gvbevwaKvi j½b cv‡i| †hgb:

ÒhLb D‡Ïk¨ cÖ‡Yvw`Zfv‡e †Kvb AvBb ev cwjwm j•Nb Kiv nq A_ev miKvi AvB‡bi eva¨evaKZv¸‡jv bv †`Lvi fvb K‡i A_ev gvbevwaKv‡ii gvb`Ð i¶vq e¨_© nq|Ó

D`vniY t iv‡óªi G‡R›U KZ…K wePviewn©fzZ fv‡e nZ¨v‡K gvbevwaKvi j•Nb e‡j| KviY AvBwmwmwcAvi 1966 Abyhvqx evsjv‡`k AvBbMZfv‡e cÖwZwU gvby‡li gvbevwaKvi wbwðZ Ki‡Z eva¨| Gi A_© †Kvb e¨w³‡K iv‡óªi G‡R›UØviv wePvi ewnf©~Zfv‡e nZ¨v Kiv hv‡e bv|

Aby‡”Q` - 6 (1), AvBwmwmwcAvi, 1966

Òcª‡Z¨K gvby‡li ^vfvweKfv‡e †eu‡P _vKvi AwaKvi Av‡Q| GB AwaKvi AvBb Øviv myiw¶Z n‡Z cv‡i| †KD ‡eAvBwbfv‡e Zvi AwaKvi †_‡K ewÂZ Ki‡Z cv‡i bv|Ó

hLb †Kvb miKvi wZbwU ¯^vZš¿ eva¨evaKZv ev¯Íevq‡b e¨_© nq (AvBb, cÖkvmb I wePvi)t e¨w³i mb¥vb myi¶v I Zvi me©wbb¥ AwaKvi wbwðZ Ki‡Z (†hgb: bvMwiK, ivR‰bwZK, A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK Ges mvs¯‹…wZK AwaKvi) e¨_© nq| GUv gvbevwaKvi j•Nb Kvh©Ki K‡i|

� wbe©vPb cÖwµqvq AskMÖnY Ki‡Z evav cÖ`vb bvMwiK I ivR‰bwZK AwaKv‡ii j•Nb|

� †RviK‡i vm‡Z¡ eva¨ ev Ab¨‡Kvb Kv‡R eva¨ Kiv gvbevwaKvi j•Nb|

� wkï I cyY©eq¯‹ e¨w³‡K GK‡Î †RjLvbvq ivLv n‡”Q wkï AwaKvi j•Nb|

P. gvbevwaKvi j•Nb Kv‡K e‡j?

Z_¨m~Î

D`vniY

� AvBbx wbicËv cvIqvi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` -31)� PjvP‡ji ^vaxbZv (Aby‡”Q` - 36) � mgv‡e‡ki AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 37) � msMVb Kivi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 38) � wPšÍv, we‡eK Ges evK ^vaxbZv (Aby‡”Q` - 39) � †ckv MÖn‡Yi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 40)� m¤úwËi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 42)� evwoi wbivcËv I †hvMv‡hv‡Mi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q`-43)

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv30 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 31

evsjv‡`‡k mKj gvby‡li ‡gŠwjK AwaKv‡ii ‡ÿθ‡jvt

� Rxeb Ges e¨w³MZ ¯^vaxbZv iÿvi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 32)� †MÖdZvi Ges AvUKv‡`k n‡Z myiÿv cvIqvi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 33) � †Rvic~e©K kª‡g wb‡qvM iÿv cvIqvi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 34) � wePv‡ii cÖwZ mb¥vb I kvw¯Í n‡Z myiÿvi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 35)� agx©q ¯^vaxbZv (Aby‡”Q` - 41) � †gŠwjK AwaKvi KvhK© i Kivi AwaKvi (Ab‡y ”Q`-44)

D`vniY

RvZxq AvBb AeKvVv‡gv

1. Aby‡”Q` - 33: Ò‡MÖdZvi Ges AvUKv‡`k n‡Z myi¶v cvIqvi AwaKviÓ evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb AvUKv‡`k n‡Z myi¶v cvIqvi Rb¨ wb‡b¥v³ †gŠwjK AwaKvi w`‡q _v‡K;

1. GKwU Dc‡`óv †evW© Øviv ch©v‡jvPbv Kivi AwaKvi2. AvUKK…Z e¨w³i AvU‡Ki KviY Av‡jvPbv Kivi AwaKvi3. AvUKv‡`‡ki Dci (ïbvwbi) Dc¯’vc‡bi AwaKvi

†gŠwjK AwaKv‡ii weavb wnmv‡e, AvUvKv‡`kK…Z e¨w³ evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi 102 (K) Dci wfwË K‡i nvB‡KvU© AvUKv‡`‡ki weiæ‡× nvB‡Kv‡U© wiU wcwUwk‡bi gva¨‡g eaZv hvPvB‡qi Rb¨ wePvi‡Ki mvg‡b nvwRi Ki‡Z cvi‡e (wmAvi wcwmi aviv 491 Gi Aaxb)|

AvšÍR©vwZK gvbevwaKvi gvb`Ð †g‡b Pjvi Rb¨ evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi weavb Abymv‡i wbb¥wjwLZ AvBb mgyn cÖYqb K‡i‡Q| †hgb:

� `Ûwewa , 1960� †dŠR`vix Kvh©wewa (wmAviwcwm), 1898

� Z_¨ AwaKvi AvBb 2009

� wjM¨vj GBW G¨v±, 2010

� cvwievwiK mwnsmZv AvBb (cÖwZ‡iva Ges myi¶v), 2010

� c‡b©vMÖvwd wbqš¿b AvBb, 2012

� wkï AvBb, 2013

� gvbe cvPvi gb Ges cÖwZ‡iva AvBb, 2012

� evj¨ weevn wbqš¿Y AvBb, 1929

� bvix I wkïi weiæ‡× wbh©vZb gb AvBb , 2000 (ms‡kvabx 2003)

� evsjv‡`k kÖg AvBb , 2006

� evj¨ weevn wbqš¿Y AvBb, 1929 (ms‡kvwaZ 1984)

� †hŠZzK wb‡iva AvBb , 1980

� cvwievwiK Av`vjZ welqK AvBb , 1985 (1985 mv‡ji AwW©b¨vÝ bs: xviii)

mvaviYfv‡e ejv hvq †h, gvbevwaKvi j•Nb n‡”Q miKv‡ii AvBb ev¯Íevq‡b e¨_©Zv| RvZxq, AvÂwjK Ges AvšÍ©RvwZKfv‡e gvbevwaKvi AvBb j•Nb I gvbevwaKvi i¶vq ivóªxq eva¨evaKZv f½ Kivi welq mg~n RvwZms‡Ni cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv‡Z eY©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q| RvwZmsN cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKvi chv©‡e¶Y g‡Z wbb¥wjwLZ fv‡e gvbevwaKvi j½b cv‡i| †hgb:

ÒhLb D‡Ïk¨ cÖ‡Yvw`Zfv‡e †Kvb AvBb ev cwjwm j•Nb Kiv nq A_ev miKvi AvB‡bi eva¨evaKZv¸‡jv bv †`Lvi fvb K‡i A_ev gvbevwaKv‡ii gvb`Ð i¶vq e¨_© nq|Ó

D`vniY t iv‡óªi G‡R›U KZ…K wePviewn©fzZ fv‡e nZ¨v‡K gvbevwaKvi j•Nb e‡j| KviY AvBwmwmwcAvi 1966 Abyhvqx evsjv‡`k AvBbMZfv‡e cÖwZwU gvby‡li gvbevwaKvi wbwðZ Ki‡Z eva¨| Gi A_© †Kvb e¨w³‡K iv‡óªi G‡R›UØviv wePvi ewnf©~Zfv‡e nZ¨v Kiv hv‡e bv|

Aby‡”Q` - 6 (1), AvBwmwmwcAvi, 1966

Òcª‡Z¨K gvby‡li ^vfvweKfv‡e †eu‡P _vKvi AwaKvi Av‡Q| GB AwaKvi AvBb Øviv myiw¶Z n‡Z cv‡i| †KD ‡eAvBwbfv‡e Zvi AwaKvi †_‡K ewÂZ Ki‡Z cv‡i bv|Ó

hLb †Kvb miKvi wZbwU ¯^vZš¿ eva¨evaKZv ev¯Íevq‡b e¨_© nq (AvBb, cÖkvmb I wePvi)t e¨w³i mb¥vb myi¶v I Zvi me©wbb¥ AwaKvi wbwðZ Ki‡Z (†hgb: bvMwiK, ivR‰bwZK, A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK Ges mvs¯‹…wZK AwaKvi) e¨_© nq| GUv gvbevwaKvi j•Nb Kvh©Ki K‡i|

� wbe©vPb cÖwµqvq AskMÖnY Ki‡Z evav cÖ`vb bvMwiK I ivR‰bwZK AwaKv‡ii j•Nb|

� †RviK‡i vm‡Z¡ eva¨ ev Ab¨‡Kvb Kv‡R eva¨ Kiv gvbevwaKvi j•Nb|

� wkï I cyY©eq¯‹ e¨w³‡K GK‡Î †RjLvbvq ivLv n‡”Q wkï AwaKvi j•Nb|

P. gvbevwaKvi j•Nb Kv‡K e‡j?

Z_¨m~Î

D`vniY

� AvBbx wbicËv cvIqvi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` -31)� PjvP‡ji ^vaxbZv (Aby‡”Q` - 36) � mgv‡e‡ki AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 37) � msMVb Kivi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 38) � wPšÍv, we‡eK Ges evK ^vaxbZv (Aby‡”Q` - 39) � †ckv MÖn‡Yi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 40)� m¤úwËi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q` - 42)� evwoi wbivcËv I †hvMv‡hv‡Mi AwaKvi (Aby‡”Q`-43)

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv30 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 31

� SzuwKc~Y© cwi‡e‡k KvR Kiv‡bv Ges GKB Kv‡R bvix I cyiæ‡li g‡a¨ gRyix‡¶‡Î elg¨ KivI gvbevwaKvi j•Nb|

Z_¨ m~Î: 1t Aby‡”Q`- 25 (we): AvBwmwmwc Avi, 1966

Ò†fvU cÖ`vb Ges wbav©wiZ mg‡qi Rb¨ KvD‡K mve©Rbxb Ges mgvb †fvUvwaKvi cÖ‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡g wbev©wPZ Kiv| GUv †Mvcb e¨vj‡Ui gva¨‡g n‡Z n‡e Ges wbev©Pb MÖwnZv‡`i ^vaxbfv‡e wbe©vPb MÖn‡Yi wbðqZv w`‡Z n‡e|Ó

Z_¨m~Î: 2t Aby‡”Q` - 8 (1): AvBwmwmwcAvi 1966

Ò‡Kvb e¨w³‡K vm, vmZ¡ wKsev vm e¨emvi mv‡_ hy³ Kiv hv‡e bv|Ó

Z_¨m~Î: 3 t Aby‡”Q` - 10 (2) we, AvBwmwmwcAvi, 1966

†Kvb wkï‡K cyY©eq¯‹ e¨w³i mv‡_ GK‡Î †RjLvbvq ivLv hv‡e bv Ges Zv‡`i Rb¨ ªæZ wePvi e¨e¯’v wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e|

Z_¨ m~Î: 4 t Aby‡”Q` - 7 (G) (we), AvB wmBGmwmAvicÖ‡Z¨K gvby‡li AbyK~j cwi‡ek Ges Avb›`Nb cwi‡e‡k KvR Kivi AwaKvi Av‡Q †hUv mywb©w`ófv‡e wbwðZ K‡i;

†mBmv‡_ (G-1) †Kvb ‰elg¨ Qvov GKB ai‡bi Kv‡Ri Rb¨ b¨vh¨ g~j¨ Ges mgvb cvwikÖwgK cvIqvi AwaKvi; (we) wbivc` I ¯^v¯’¨Ki Kv‡Ri cwi‡ek wbwðZ Kiv|

hLb miKv‡ii †Kvb Kvh©µg RvwZ, eY©, wj½, fvlv, ag©, ivR‰bwZK ev wfbœ gZvgZ, RvZxq ev mvgvwRe DrcwË, m¤úwË, Rb¥ ev wfbœ Ae¯’vi Kvi‡Y gvby‡li mgvb Avb›` Dc‡fv‡Mi †¶‡Î elg¨ g~jK AvPiY‡K DrmvwnZ K‡i bv, Z‡e Zv gvbevwaKvi jw•NZ n‡q‡Q e‡j aiv nq|

b„ZvwË¡K, agx©q ev fvlvMZ Kvi‡Y msL¨vjNy‡`i AwaKvi A¯^xKvi Ki‡j gvbevwaKvi jsNb nq|

b„ZvwË¡K, ag©xq ev fvlvMZ msL¨vjNy hw` iv‡óª emevm K‡i Z‡e Zv‡`i AwaKvi ivóª ev Ab¨ †Kvb m¤úª`vq KZ…K A¯^xKvi Kiv hv‡e bv| Zviv Zv‡`i wbR¯^ ms¯‹…wZ, †ckv, wbR¯^ a‡g©i PPv© Kivi Ges Zv‡`i wbR¯^ fvlvq K_v ejvi AwaKvi iv‡L| hw` ivóªxq h‡š¿i evB‡i KviI Øviv gvbevwaKvi jw•NZ nq, Zvn‡jI GUv‡K mvsweavwbK gvbevwaKvi j•Nb e‡j we‡ewPZ n‡e|

D`vniY

Z_¨m~Î: Aby‡”Q`: 27 - AvB wm wm wc Avi 1966

ivóª KZ…K AvBbMZeva¨evaKZv c~i‡Y e¨_©Zv

gvbevwaKvi AwaKvi A¯^xK…wZ †Kvb e¨w³ ev `j‡K ÿwZMÖ¯’Kiv

wPÎ 1: gvbevwaKvi j•Nb

ev¯ÍeZv n‡jv, gvbevwaKv‡ii A¯^xK…wZ ïay ivóªxq ev Aivóªxq welq bq, eis GUv mgvR Ges ivóªxq Aw¯’iZv Zix Ki‡Z cv‡i †hUv mgvR I iv‡óª mwnsmZv m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i|

gvbevwaKvi j•Nb Z`viwKi Rb¨ Z`viwKi vwqZ¡cÖvß Kg©KZ©vM‡Yi AvšÍ©RvwZK gvbevwaKvi mb` (A_©vr gvbevwaKvi mb`, Pzw³ I †Nvlbv) Ges evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡b D‡jøwLZ gvb`‡Ði e¨envi Kiv DwPr| hLb †Kvb ivóª Zvi AwaKv‡ii eva¨evaKZv¸‡jv we‡ePbv K‡i ZLb evjv‡`‡ki msweavb Ges AvšÍ©RvwZK gvbevwaKvi mb` ev nvwZqvi Abyhvqx `vq`vwqZ¡¸‡jv wVK Kiv, hv miKv‡ii Dci eZv©q| GLv‡b D‡jøL¨ †h, †Kvb Kvi‡Y gvbevwaKvi jw•NZ n‡j cÖ_g mvwii cÖwZi¶v msweavbB w`‡q _v‡K| GUv evsjv‡`‡ki f~wg AvBb Abymv‡i mn‡R Av‡e`b Kiv hvq Ges GUv iv‡óªi msweavb, wePvi I wbev©nx Av‡`k KZ„©K ^xK…Z| Gici Avgiv mvsweavwbK Abywewa Ges RvZxq AvB‡bi mv‡_ AvšÍR©vwZK gvbevwaKv‡ii gvb`‡Ûi mv‡_ Zzjbv Ki‡Z cvwi| Z‡e, Z`viwK‡Z gvbevwaKv‡ii gvb`‡Ûi m‡ev©”P e¨env‡ii †¶‡Î gvV Kg©KZv©e„‡›`i wb‡b¥i avc¸‡jv AbymiY Kiv DwPZ :

� msweavb I RvZxq AvBb mg~‡ni m‡½ cwiwPZ n‡Z n‡e| Zvici, AvšÍR©vwZK gvbevwaKv‡ii gvb`‡Ûi mv‡_ RvZxq AwaKv‡ii weav‡bi ms‡hvM NUv‡Z n‡e| Z‡e fv‡jv nq hw` AvšÍR©vwZK gvbevwaKv‡ii `wjj (cÖvmw½K Pyw³ I mb` mgyn) evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii Dci Awc©Z eva¨evaKZvi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z nq| AZGe, RvZxq msweavb I AvBb hw` h‡_ó kw³kvjx I úó nq Z‡e Zv gvbevwaKvi j•N‡b Z`viwKi Rb¨ e¨envi Kiv hv‡e|

� hw` Ggb Ae¯’v †`Lv †`q †h, AwaKvi i¶vq †mLv‡b †Kvb RvZxq msweavwbK ev AvBbMZ e¨e¯’v †bB, †m‡¶‡Î mywbw`©ó AvšÍR©vwZK gvbvevwaKv‡ii mb` ev nvwZqvi we‡ePbv Kiv hv‡e (A_©vr Pzw³ / m`b)|

� msweavb I RvZxq AvB‡b hw` †Kvb AwaKvi myi¶v cÖ`v‡bi wbðqZv bv _v‡K ev hw` RvZxq wbivcËvi wbðqZv ye©j nq Zvn‡j AvšÍ©RvwZK AvBb, AvBb mfvi wjj ev wePvwiK wm×všÍ (Av`vj‡Zi ivq) A_ev cÖvmw½K ea wjjvw`i D³ ye©jZvmg~n c~iY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| A_ev Ab¨vb¨ cÖvmw½K AvBbx e¨e¯’vi ye©jZv cyiY Kivi Av‡e`b Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

myZivs, hw` gvbevwaKvi j•N‡bi NUbv N‡U Zvn‡j AvšÍR©vwZK Ges RvZxq gvbevwaKvi mb` ev wj‡ii gva¨‡g †m¸‡jvi mgvavb Kiv DwPZ| gvbevwaKvi j•Nb msµvšÍ Awf‡hvM ev gvgjv Z`šÍ wb‡¤œv³fv‡e Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i :

Q. gvbevwaKvi gwbUwis Gi Rb¨ gvb`‡Ði e¨envi

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv31 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 32

� SzuwKc~Y© cwi‡e‡k KvR Kiv‡bv Ges GKB Kv‡R bvix I cyiæ‡li g‡a¨ gRyix‡¶‡Î elg¨ KivI gvbevwaKvi j•Nb|

Z_¨ m~Î: 1t Aby‡”Q`- 25 (we): AvBwmwmwc Avi, 1966

Ò†fvU cÖ`vb Ges wbav©wiZ mg‡qi Rb¨ KvD‡K mve©Rbxb Ges mgvb †fvUvwaKvi cÖ‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡g wbev©wPZ Kiv| GUv †Mvcb e¨vj‡Ui gva¨‡g n‡Z n‡e Ges wbev©Pb MÖwnZv‡`i ^vaxbfv‡e wbe©vPb MÖn‡Yi wbðqZv w`‡Z n‡e|Ó

Z_¨m~Î: 2t Aby‡”Q` - 8 (1): AvBwmwmwcAvi 1966

Ò‡Kvb e¨w³‡K vm, vmZ¡ wKsev vm e¨emvi mv‡_ hy³ Kiv hv‡e bv|Ó

Z_¨m~Î: 3 t Aby‡”Q` - 10 (2) we, AvBwmwmwcAvi, 1966

†Kvb wkï‡K cyY©eq¯‹ e¨w³i mv‡_ GK‡Î †RjLvbvq ivLv hv‡e bv Ges Zv‡`i Rb¨ ªæZ wePvi e¨e¯’v wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e|

Z_¨ m~Î: 4 t Aby‡”Q` - 7 (G) (we), AvB wmBGmwmAvicÖ‡Z¨K gvby‡li AbyK~j cwi‡ek Ges Avb›`Nb cwi‡e‡k KvR Kivi AwaKvi Av‡Q †hUv mywb©w`ófv‡e wbwðZ K‡i;

†mBmv‡_ (G-1) †Kvb ‰elg¨ Qvov GKB ai‡bi Kv‡Ri Rb¨ b¨vh¨ g~j¨ Ges mgvb cvwikÖwgK cvIqvi AwaKvi; (we) wbivc` I ¯^v¯’¨Ki Kv‡Ri cwi‡ek wbwðZ Kiv|

hLb miKv‡ii †Kvb Kvh©µg RvwZ, eY©, wj½, fvlv, ag©, ivR‰bwZK ev wfbœ gZvgZ, RvZxq ev mvgvwRe DrcwË, m¤úwË, Rb¥ ev wfbœ Ae¯’vi Kvi‡Y gvby‡li mgvb Avb›` Dc‡fv‡Mi †¶‡Î elg¨ g~jK AvPiY‡K DrmvwnZ K‡i bv, Z‡e Zv gvbevwaKvi jw•NZ n‡q‡Q e‡j aiv nq|

b„ZvwË¡K, agx©q ev fvlvMZ Kvi‡Y msL¨vjNy‡`i AwaKvi A¯^xKvi Ki‡j gvbevwaKvi jsNb nq|

b„ZvwË¡K, ag©xq ev fvlvMZ msL¨vjNy hw` iv‡óª emevm K‡i Z‡e Zv‡`i AwaKvi ivóª ev Ab¨ †Kvb m¤úª`vq KZ…K A¯^xKvi Kiv hv‡e bv| Zviv Zv‡`i wbR¯^ ms¯‹…wZ, †ckv, wbR¯^ a‡g©i PPv© Kivi Ges Zv‡`i wbR¯^ fvlvq K_v ejvi AwaKvi iv‡L| hw` ivóªxq h‡š¿i evB‡i KviI Øviv gvbevwaKvi jw•NZ nq, Zvn‡jI GUv‡K mvsweavwbK gvbevwaKvi j•Nb e‡j we‡ewPZ n‡e|

D`vniY

Z_¨m~Î: Aby‡”Q`: 27 - AvB wm wm wc Avi 1966

ivóª KZ…K AvBbMZeva¨evaKZv c~i‡Y e¨_©Zv

gvbevwaKvi AwaKvi A¯^xK…wZ †Kvb e¨w³ ev `j‡K ÿwZMÖ¯’Kiv

wPÎ 1: gvbevwaKvi j•Nb

ev¯ÍeZv n‡jv, gvbevwaKv‡ii A¯^xK…wZ ïay ivóªxq ev Aivóªxq welq bq, eis GUv mgvR Ges ivóªxq Aw¯’iZv Zix Ki‡Z cv‡i †hUv mgvR I iv‡óª mwnsmZv m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i|

gvbevwaKvi j•Nb Z`viwKi Rb¨ Z`viwKi vwqZ¡cÖvß Kg©KZ©vM‡Yi AvšÍ©RvwZK gvbevwaKvi mb` (A_©vr gvbevwaKvi mb`, Pzw³ I †Nvlbv) Ges evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡b D‡jøwLZ gvb`‡Ði e¨envi Kiv DwPr| hLb †Kvb ivóª Zvi AwaKv‡ii eva¨evaKZv¸‡jv we‡ePbv K‡i ZLb evjv‡`‡ki msweavb Ges AvšÍ©RvwZK gvbevwaKvi mb` ev nvwZqvi Abyhvqx `vq`vwqZ¡¸‡jv wVK Kiv, hv miKv‡ii Dci eZv©q| GLv‡b D‡jøL¨ †h, †Kvb Kvi‡Y gvbevwaKvi jw•NZ n‡j cÖ_g mvwii cÖwZi¶v msweavbB w`‡q _v‡K| GUv evsjv‡`‡ki f~wg AvBb Abymv‡i mn‡R Av‡e`b Kiv hvq Ges GUv iv‡óªi msweavb, wePvi I wbev©nx Av‡`k KZ„©K ^xK…Z| Gici Avgiv mvsweavwbK Abywewa Ges RvZxq AvB‡bi mv‡_ AvšÍR©vwZK gvbevwaKv‡ii gvb`‡Ûi mv‡_ Zzjbv Ki‡Z cvwi| Z‡e, Z`viwK‡Z gvbevwaKv‡ii gvb`‡Ûi m‡ev©”P e¨env‡ii †¶‡Î gvV Kg©KZv©e„‡›`i wb‡b¥i avc¸‡jv AbymiY Kiv DwPZ :

� msweavb I RvZxq AvBb mg~‡ni m‡½ cwiwPZ n‡Z n‡e| Zvici, AvšÍR©vwZK gvbevwaKv‡ii gvb`‡Ûi mv‡_ RvZxq AwaKv‡ii weav‡bi ms‡hvM NUv‡Z n‡e| Z‡e fv‡jv nq hw` AvšÍR©vwZK gvbevwaKv‡ii `wjj (cÖvmw½K Pyw³ I mb` mgyn) evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii Dci Awc©Z eva¨evaKZvi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z nq| AZGe, RvZxq msweavb I AvBb hw` h‡_ó kw³kvjx I úó nq Z‡e Zv gvbevwaKvi j•N‡b Z`viwKi Rb¨ e¨envi Kiv hv‡e|

� hw` Ggb Ae¯’v †`Lv †`q †h, AwaKvi i¶vq †mLv‡b †Kvb RvZxq msweavwbK ev AvBbMZ e¨e¯’v †bB, †m‡¶‡Î mywbw`©ó AvšÍR©vwZK gvbvevwaKv‡ii mb` ev nvwZqvi we‡ePbv Kiv hv‡e (A_©vr Pzw³ / m`b)|

� msweavb I RvZxq AvB‡b hw` †Kvb AwaKvi myi¶v cÖ`v‡bi wbðqZv bv _v‡K ev hw` RvZxq wbivcËvi wbðqZv ye©j nq Zvn‡j AvšÍ©RvwZK AvBb, AvBb mfvi wjj ev wePvwiK wm×všÍ (Av`vj‡Zi ivq) A_ev cÖvmw½K ea wjjvw`i D³ ye©jZvmg~n c~iY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| A_ev Ab¨vb¨ cÖvmw½K AvBbx e¨e¯’vi ye©jZv cyiY Kivi Av‡e`b Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

myZivs, hw` gvbevwaKvi j•N‡bi NUbv N‡U Zvn‡j AvšÍR©vwZK Ges RvZxq gvbevwaKvi mb` ev wj‡ii gva¨‡g †m¸‡jvi mgvavb Kiv DwPZ| gvbevwaKvi j•Nb msµvšÍ Awf‡hvM ev gvgjv Z`šÍ wb‡¤œv³fv‡e Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i :

Q. gvbevwaKvi gwbUwis Gi Rb¨ gvb`‡Ði e¨envi

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv31 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 32

NUbvi we‡kølY: jxq KvRGK mKv‡j †Zvgv‡`i GjvKvi wec`vcbœ GKwU bvix j †Zvgv‡`i Kv‡Q G‡m Rvbvj †h, Zv‡`i evuPvi Rb¨ mvnvh¨ cª‡qvRb| MZ wZb gvm hver Avgv‡`i †Kvb KvR †bB| BwZg‡a¨ Avgiv cwiev‡ii m`m¨‡`i Lvevi µ‡qi Rb¨ _vKvi RvqMvmn mKj m¤ú` wewµ K‡i w`‡qwQ, GLb Avgv‡`i †Q‡j †g‡qiv Abvnv‡i Av‡Q| byb¨Zg Lvevi w`‡Z bv cvivq Avgv‡`i wkïiv Amy¯’ Ges Acywó‡Z AvµvšÍ n‡q‡Q| qv K‡i Avgv‡`i G Ae¯’v DËi‡Y mvnvh¨ Kiæb|

K‡_vcK_‡bi gva¨‡g †Zvgiv Rvb‡Z cvi‡j †h Zviv GK j MÖvgevmx ÒLv‡`¨i wewbg‡q KvR cÖK‡íÓ gvwU KvUvi mv‡_ hy³| hLb Zviv Zv‡`i Lv`¨ msMÖ‡ni Rb¨ hvq, ZLb GKRb bvix Mg †bevi Rb¨ Av½y‡ji Qvc †`Iqvi mgq j¶¨ K‡i †h, Zvi KvQ †_‡K 30 †KwR M‡gi wecix‡Z Av½y‡ji Pvc †bIqv n‡”Q wKš‘ ev¯Í‡e cÖ‡Z¨K cyiæl 10 †KwR Ges cÖ‡Z¨K bvix 5 †KwR K‡i cv‡”Q| Zviv G‡Z AvcwË Rvbvq Ges Kv‡Ri mv‡_ RwoZ‡`i welqwU AeMZ K‡i| fz³fywM bvixiv wbKU¯’ _vbvq †hvMv‡hvM K‡i cywjk‡K welqwU Rvbvq Ges cÖwZKvi Pvq| wKš‘ ’vbxq cywjk hLb Rvb‡Z cv‡i †h, Gi mv‡_ ’vbxq †Pqvig¨vb RwoZ hvi mv‡_ ivR‰bwZK ‡ji m¤úK© Av‡Q| d‡j Zviv cÖwZKv‡ii Rb¨ c`‡¶c †bqwb| cwi‡k‡l, Zviv GK mvsevw`K eÜz‡K cvq, †h Zv‡`i cÖwZ mg‡e`bv †`Lvq| Zviv mvsevw`K‡K welqwU Ly‡j e‡j Ges mvsevw`K welqwU msev`gva¨‡g Avbvi cÖwZkÖæwZ †`q| †Pqvig¨vb welqwU Rvb‡Z cv‡i Ges wb¯úwËi Rb¨ mvsevw`‡K Nyl †`q (5000 UvKv)| Nyl cÖ`v‡bi d‡j Zv‡`i NUbv KLbI Rbmb¥y‡L Av‡m bv| †h me gwnjv GB NUbvi mv‡_ hy³ wQj Zv‡`i KvW© ev` †`qv nq Ges Zv‡`iK wKQzB †`Iqv nq bv|

evsjv‡`‡ki RvZxq msweavb I AvBbAvš©ÍRvwZK gvbevwaKvi gvb`Ð Ges

eva¨evaKZv m¤úwK©Z wK?

RvZxq msweavb Ges AvB‡bi mv‡_AvšÍ©RvwZK gvbevwaKv‡ii

gvb`‡Ði mv‡_ Zzyjbv

gvbevwaKv‡ii gvb`Ð hw` AwaKvi myiÿviwbðqZv †`q Ges c~iY K‡i

Zvn‡j GUv AwaKvi jsN‡bi weiæ‡× e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e|

RvZxq msweavb GesAvBb hw` †Kvb myiÿv bv †`q

A_ev hw` RvZxq AvBb `ye©j ev A¯úó nq|

hw` RvZxq msweavb Ges AvBb my¯úóI kw³kvjx nq, Zvn‡j GUv

gvbevwaKvi j•Nb Z`viwK‡Z e¨envi Kiæb|

wPÎ 2: gvbevwaKv‡ii gvb`‡Ûi e¨envi

`‡ji †_‡K m¤¢ve¨ DËi

µwgK bs

1

2

3

4

5

6

welq

†eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨ Achv©ß Lv`¨

bvix I cyiæ‡li g‡a¨ Lv`¨ e›U‡b ˆelg¨

mymg Lv`¨ e›U‡b miKv‡ii e¨_©Zv

cywjk myi¶v w`‡Z e¨_© n‡q‡Q

¯’vbxq †Pqvig¨vb‡`i KvQ †_‡K mvsevw`‡Ki Nyl †bqv

bvix‡`i KvW© evwZj

†h me AwaKvi j•Nb nq

Lv`¨ Ges Avkª‡qi AwaKvi

mg gh©v`vi AwaKvi

ghv©`vi mv‡_ †eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨ miKv‡ii Kv‡Q Lv`¨ I mn‡hvwMZvi AwaKvi (mvgvwRK wbivcËvi AwaKvi)

AvBbx wbivcËvi AwaKvi

Z_¨ cÖvwßi AwaKvi

gZvgZ cÖKv‡ki AwaKvi

cÖkœ:1. GB M‡í gvbevwaKvi jsN‡bi Rb¨ †Kvb welqmg~n mshy³?

2. GB M‡í Kv‡`i AwaKvi jw•NZ n‡q‡Q?

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv33 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 34

NUbvi we‡kølY: jxq KvRGK mKv‡j †Zvgv‡`i GjvKvi wec`vcbœ GKwU bvix j †Zvgv‡`i Kv‡Q G‡m Rvbvj †h, Zv‡`i evuPvi Rb¨ mvnvh¨ cª‡qvRb| MZ wZb gvm hver Avgv‡`i †Kvb KvR †bB| BwZg‡a¨ Avgiv cwiev‡ii m`m¨‡`i Lvevi µ‡qi Rb¨ _vKvi RvqMvmn mKj m¤ú` wewµ K‡i w`‡qwQ, GLb Avgv‡`i †Q‡j †g‡qiv Abvnv‡i Av‡Q| byb¨Zg Lvevi w`‡Z bv cvivq Avgv‡`i wkïiv Amy¯’ Ges Acywó‡Z AvµvšÍ n‡q‡Q| qv K‡i Avgv‡`i G Ae¯’v DËi‡Y mvnvh¨ Kiæb|

K‡_vcK_‡bi gva¨‡g †Zvgiv Rvb‡Z cvi‡j †h Zviv GK j MÖvgevmx ÒLv‡`¨i wewbg‡q KvR cÖK‡íÓ gvwU KvUvi mv‡_ hy³| hLb Zviv Zv‡`i Lv`¨ msMÖ‡ni Rb¨ hvq, ZLb GKRb bvix Mg †bevi Rb¨ Av½y‡ji Qvc †`Iqvi mgq j¶¨ K‡i †h, Zvi KvQ †_‡K 30 †KwR M‡gi wecix‡Z Av½y‡ji Pvc †bIqv n‡”Q wKš‘ ev¯Í‡e cÖ‡Z¨K cyiæl 10 †KwR Ges cÖ‡Z¨K bvix 5 †KwR K‡i cv‡”Q| Zviv G‡Z AvcwË Rvbvq Ges Kv‡Ri mv‡_ RwoZ‡`i welqwU AeMZ K‡i| fz³fywM bvixiv wbKU¯’ _vbvq †hvMv‡hvM K‡i cywjk‡K welqwU Rvbvq Ges cÖwZKvi Pvq| wKš‘ ’vbxq cywjk hLb Rvb‡Z cv‡i †h, Gi mv‡_ ’vbxq †Pqvig¨vb RwoZ hvi mv‡_ ivR‰bwZK ‡ji m¤úK© Av‡Q| d‡j Zviv cÖwZKv‡ii Rb¨ c`‡¶c †bqwb| cwi‡k‡l, Zviv GK mvsevw`K eÜz‡K cvq, †h Zv‡`i cÖwZ mg‡e`bv †`Lvq| Zviv mvsevw`K‡K welqwU Ly‡j e‡j Ges mvsevw`K welqwU msev`gva¨‡g Avbvi cÖwZkÖæwZ †`q| †Pqvig¨vb welqwU Rvb‡Z cv‡i Ges wb¯úwËi Rb¨ mvsevw`‡K Nyl †`q (5000 UvKv)| Nyl cÖ`v‡bi d‡j Zv‡`i NUbv KLbI Rbmb¥y‡L Av‡m bv| †h me gwnjv GB NUbvi mv‡_ hy³ wQj Zv‡`i KvW© ev` †`qv nq Ges Zv‡`iK wKQzB †`Iqv nq bv|

evsjv‡`‡ki RvZxq msweavb I AvBbAvš©ÍRvwZK gvbevwaKvi gvb`Ð Ges

eva¨evaKZv m¤úwK©Z wK?

RvZxq msweavb Ges AvB‡bi mv‡_AvšÍ©RvwZK gvbevwaKv‡ii

gvb`‡Ði mv‡_ Zzyjbv

gvbevwaKv‡ii gvb`Ð hw` AwaKvi myiÿviwbðqZv †`q Ges c~iY K‡i

Zvn‡j GUv AwaKvi jsN‡bi weiæ‡× e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e|

RvZxq msweavb GesAvBb hw` †Kvb myiÿv bv †`q

A_ev hw` RvZxq AvBb `ye©j ev A¯úó nq|

hw` RvZxq msweavb Ges AvBb my¯úóI kw³kvjx nq, Zvn‡j GUv

gvbevwaKvi j•Nb Z`viwK‡Z e¨envi Kiæb|

wPÎ 2: gvbevwaKv‡ii gvb`‡Ûi e¨envi

`‡ji †_‡K m¤¢ve¨ DËi

µwgK bs

1

2

3

4

5

6

welq

†eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨ Achv©ß Lv`¨

bvix I cyiæ‡li g‡a¨ Lv`¨ e›U‡b ˆelg¨

mymg Lv`¨ e›U‡b miKv‡ii e¨_©Zv

cywjk myi¶v w`‡Z e¨_© n‡q‡Q

¯’vbxq †Pqvig¨vb‡`i KvQ †_‡K mvsevw`‡Ki Nyl †bqv

bvix‡`i KvW© evwZj

†h me AwaKvi j•Nb nq

Lv`¨ Ges Avkª‡qi AwaKvi

mg gh©v`vi AwaKvi

ghv©`vi mv‡_ †eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨ miKv‡ii Kv‡Q Lv`¨ I mn‡hvwMZvi AwaKvi (mvgvwRK wbivcËvi AwaKvi)

AvBbx wbivcËvi AwaKvi

Z_¨ cÖvwßi AwaKvi

gZvgZ cÖKv‡ki AwaKvi

cÖkœ:1. GB M‡í gvbevwaKvi jsN‡bi Rb¨ †Kvb welqmg~n mshy³?

2. GB M‡í Kv‡`i AwaKvi jw•NZ n‡q‡Q?

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv33 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 34

Aa¨vq¯’vbxq Dbœq‡b gvbevwaKvi wfwËK†KŠkj (G¨v‡cÖvP)

Aa¨vq wØZxq

wØZxq Aa¨vq

GB Aa¨vq †k‡l AskMÖnbKvix hv Rvb‡eb: � AwaKvi Ges cÖ‡qvRbxqZvi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨

� AwaKvi wfwËK †KŠk‡ji A_© eyS‡Z cvi‡e

� wPšÍv Ges KvR wKfv‡e Dbœq‡b GKvf‚Z Kiv hvq Zv eyS‡Z cvi‡e

K. AwaKvi Ges cÖ‡qvRbxqZv m¤ú‡K© avibv cÖ`vb

L. AwaKvi wfwËK c×wZ (ivBU †eBm G‡cÖvP) Ges Dbœq‡bi mv‡_ Gi †hvMm~Î

M. AwaKvi wfwËK c×wZ (Avi we G) Ges ¶gZvqb

mvaviYZ cÖ‡qvRbxqZv ej‡Z †eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨ AwZe iKvwi wRwbl †hgb: Lv`¨, cvwb Ges evm¯’vb| GUv Acwinvh© KviY ïay| GUv cÖ‡qvRbxqZv e¨vL¨v K‡i Ges B”Qv A‡cÿv GUv iKvi Ges iæZ¡c~Y©| cÖ‡qvRb GKwU AvBbmsMZ D”PvKv•Lv wKš‘ GUv cÖ`vb Ki‡Z miKv‡ii †Kvb eva¨evaKZv †bB| Ab¨w`‡K AwaKvi n‡jv †Kvb wKQz cvevi ev Kivi bwZK ev AvBbMZ ^xK…wZ| AwaKvi AvB‡bi eva¨evaKZv‡K Pvwc‡q †`q Ges eva¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i| †hgb: cÖ‡qvRb ebvg AwaKvi

¯’vbxq Dbœq‡b gvbevwaKvi wfwËK †KŠkj (G¨v‡cÖvP)

GB Aa¨v‡qi j¶¨

Aa¨v‡qi m~Pxmgyn

K. cÖ‡qvRbxqZv ebvg AwaKvi

eÜz eÜz em& Kg©x

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 36

Aa¨vq¯’vbxq Dbœq‡b gvbevwaKvi wfwËK†KŠkj (G¨v‡cÖvP)

Aa¨vq wØZxq

wØZxq Aa¨vq

GB Aa¨vq †k‡l AskMÖnbKvix hv Rvb‡eb: � AwaKvi Ges cÖ‡qvRbxqZvi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨

� AwaKvi wfwËK †KŠk‡ji A_© eyS‡Z cvi‡e

� wPšÍv Ges KvR wKfv‡e Dbœq‡b GKvf‚Z Kiv hvq Zv eyS‡Z cvi‡e

K. AwaKvi Ges cÖ‡qvRbxqZv m¤ú‡K© avibv cÖ`vb

L. AwaKvi wfwËK c×wZ (ivBU †eBm G‡cÖvP) Ges Dbœq‡bi mv‡_ Gi †hvMm~Î

M. AwaKvi wfwËK c×wZ (Avi we G) Ges ¶gZvqb

mvaviYZ cÖ‡qvRbxqZv ej‡Z †eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨ AwZe iKvwi wRwbl †hgb: Lv`¨, cvwb Ges evm¯’vb| GUv Acwinvh© KviY ïay| GUv cÖ‡qvRbxqZv e¨vL¨v K‡i Ges B”Qv A‡cÿv GUv iKvi Ges iæZ¡c~Y©| cÖ‡qvRb GKwU AvBbmsMZ D”PvKv•Lv wKš‘ GUv cÖ`vb Ki‡Z miKv‡ii †Kvb eva¨evaKZv †bB| Ab¨w`‡K AwaKvi n‡jv †Kvb wKQz cvevi ev Kivi bwZK ev AvBbMZ ^xK…wZ| AwaKvi AvB‡bi eva¨evaKZv‡K Pvwc‡q †`q Ges eva¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i| †hgb: cÖ‡qvRb ebvg AwaKvi

¯’vbxq Dbœq‡b gvbevwaKvi wfwËK †KŠkj (G¨v‡cÖvP)

GB Aa¨v‡qi j¶¨

Aa¨v‡qi m~Pxmgyn

K. cÖ‡qvRbxqZv ebvg AwaKvi

eÜz eÜz em& Kg©x

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 36

GB e¨w³ wK GUv ej‡Q †h, ÒAvgvi Lv`¨ `iKviÓ evÒAvgvi Lv‡`¨i AwaKvi Av‡QÓ?

GB e¨w³ wK GUv ej‡Q †h, ÒAvgvi Lv`¨ `iKviÓ evÒAvgvi Lv‡`¨i AwaKvi Av‡QÓ?

Gevi jÿ¨ Kiæb wK ai‡bi cv_©K¨ GLv‡b (Dc‡ii Qwe‡Z) `„k¨gvb hv Avgiv gvbyl‡KZv‡`i gvbevwaKvi iÿvi Kv‡R e¨envi Ki‡Z cvwi?

L. AwaKvi wfwËK †KŠkj/c×wZi Ges Dbœq‡bi mv‡_ †mZy eÜb

AwaKvi wfwËK †KŠkj/c×wZ

AwaKvi wfwËK †KŠkj/c×wZi 4wU †gŠwjK g~jbxwZ wb¤œiƒc

AwaKvi wfwËK †KŠkj ev c×wZi g~j aviYv n‡jv:

� Dbœqb Aek¨B AwaKvi MÖnxZv‡`i ÿZv Zix K‡i AwK`wi`ª gvbyl †mev MÖwnZviv †hb Zv‡`i AwaKvi vwe Ki‡Z cv‡i (AwZ `wi`ª Rb‡Mvôx) Ges †mev cÖ`vbKvix‡`i (¯’vbxq cÖwZôvb Ges †mev cÖ`vbKvix) †mev cÖ`vb Kvix‡`i ÿZv evov‡Z n‡e †hb Zviv Zv‡`i †mev wbwðZ K‡i|

� my›`i cwi‡ek m„wó Kiv DwPZ †hLv‡b RbMY Zv‡`i AwaKvi mn‡R eyS‡Z cv‡i Ges ghv©`v I ^axbZv wb‡q †eu‡P _vK‡Z cv‡i|

we‡klZt AwaKvi wfwËK cÖ‡Póv RbMY‡K ¶gZvqb K‡i Ges Zv‡`i `vwqZ¡ Ges A‡b¨i cÖwZ eva¨evaKZv‡K Revew`wnZvi AvIZvq wb‡q Av‡m|

1. gvbyl n‡”Q Dbœq‡bi †K›`ªwe›`y Zviv Dbœq‡b Ask MÖnY K‡i Dbœq‡bi vex`vi cwiPvjK Ges DcKvi †fvMx|

2. Dbœqb gvbevwaKv‡ii g~jbxwZi Dci wfwË K‡i nIqv DwPZ|

3. Dbœqb gvbevwaKv‡ii gvb wbav©i‡Ki Dci wfwË K‡i nIqv DwPZ|

4. Dbœqb gvbevwaKv‡ii cÖK…wZ I Gi mv‡_ msMwZc~Y© nIqv DwPZ|

KvVv‡gvi g‡a¨ cwieZ©b: - AvBb

- bvMwiK/ivR‰bwZK- mvgvwRK- A_©‰bwZK

†mev cÖ`vbKvix:†mev MÖnxZv‡`i cÖwZm¤ú~Y© `vqe× nIqv

AwaKv‡ii aviK:-†mev MÖnxZv

†mev cÖ`vbKvixiwbKU †mev `vex

†eu‡P _vevi Rb¨ hvcwieZ©bxq:

-AvPiY-ÿgZvqb

-gvbevwaKvi DcjwãKib

†Ki‡Z mnvqZv Kiv

mev MÖwnZv‡`i †mev `vex

†mev cÖ`vbKvix‡`iRevew`wnZvi AvIZvq Avbv

Awa

Kvi

wfwË

K

wPÎt Dbœq‡b AvwaKvi wfwËK †KŠkj ev c×wZ

†mev MÖnxZv Ges †mev cÖ`vbKvix m¤ú‡K© aviYv

†mev MÖnxZv Kviv ?

AwaKvi wfwËK c×wZ (Avi we G) gvby‡li †Mv‡Îi g‡a¨ m¤úK© wbav©iY K‡i †`q| myZivs AviweG Aek¨B:

� AwaKv‡ii aviK ev †mev MªnxZv‡`i AwaKvi Ges Zv‡`i ^xK…wZ wbaviY Kiv

� †mev cÖ`vbKvix‡`i vq`vwqZ¡ Ges †hvMv‡hv‡Mi gva¨g mbv³Kib

� AwaKvi aviK‡`i AwaKvi/`vex Kivi ¶gZv kw³kvjx Kiv

� †mev cÖ`vbKvixiv †hb Zv‡`i vq-`vwqZ¡mg~n c~iY Ki‡Z cv‡i †m e¨vcv‡i Zv‡`i m¶gZv e„w× Kiv

� mKj gvbyl AwaKv‡ii evnK

Ø Dbœq‡bi †¶‡Î hv‡`i AwaKvi A¯^xKvi Kiv n‡”Q, ÿwZMÖ¯’ n‡”Q A_ev jswNZ n‡”Q

Ø GB Kvi‡Y ÓAviweGÓ AwaK wec`vcbœ, cÖvwšÍK Rb‡Mvôx, Ges Dbœq‡bi aviv n‡Z wcwQ‡q cov Rb‡Mvôx‡K Dbœq‡bi g~javivq wb‡q Av‡m|

MYZvwš¿K c×wZ

`ªwi`ªZv n«vm

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv37 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 38

GB e¨w³ wK GUv ej‡Q †h, ÒAvgvi Lv`¨ `iKviÓ evÒAvgvi Lv‡`¨i AwaKvi Av‡QÓ?

GB e¨w³ wK GUv ej‡Q †h, ÒAvgvi Lv`¨ `iKviÓ evÒAvgvi Lv‡`¨i AwaKvi Av‡QÓ?

Gevi jÿ¨ Kiæb wK ai‡bi cv_©K¨ GLv‡b (Dc‡ii Qwe‡Z) `„k¨gvb hv Avgiv gvbyl‡KZv‡`i gvbevwaKvi iÿvi Kv‡R e¨envi Ki‡Z cvwi?

L. AwaKvi wfwËK †KŠkj/c×wZi Ges Dbœq‡bi mv‡_ †mZy eÜb

AwaKvi wfwËK †KŠkj/c×wZ

AwaKvi wfwËK †KŠkj/c×wZi 4wU †gŠwjK g~jbxwZ wb¤œiƒc

AwaKvi wfwËK †KŠkj ev c×wZi g~j aviYv n‡jv:

� Dbœqb Aek¨B AwaKvi MÖnxZv‡`i ÿZv Zix K‡i AwK`wi`ª gvbyl †mev MÖwnZviv †hb Zv‡`i AwaKvi vwe Ki‡Z cv‡i (AwZ `wi`ª Rb‡Mvôx) Ges †mev cÖ`vbKvix‡`i (¯’vbxq cÖwZôvb Ges †mev cÖ`vbKvix) †mev cÖ`vb Kvix‡`i ÿZv evov‡Z n‡e †hb Zviv Zv‡`i †mev wbwðZ K‡i|

� my›`i cwi‡ek m„wó Kiv DwPZ †hLv‡b RbMY Zv‡`i AwaKvi mn‡R eyS‡Z cv‡i Ges ghv©`v I ^axbZv wb‡q †eu‡P _vK‡Z cv‡i|

we‡klZt AwaKvi wfwËK cÖ‡Póv RbMY‡K ¶gZvqb K‡i Ges Zv‡`i `vwqZ¡ Ges A‡b¨i cÖwZ eva¨evaKZv‡K Revew`wnZvi AvIZvq wb‡q Av‡m|

1. gvbyl n‡”Q Dbœq‡bi †K›`ªwe›`y Zviv Dbœq‡b Ask MÖnY K‡i Dbœq‡bi vex`vi cwiPvjK Ges DcKvi †fvMx|

2. Dbœqb gvbevwaKv‡ii g~jbxwZi Dci wfwË K‡i nIqv DwPZ|

3. Dbœqb gvbevwaKv‡ii gvb wbav©i‡Ki Dci wfwË K‡i nIqv DwPZ|

4. Dbœqb gvbevwaKv‡ii cÖK…wZ I Gi mv‡_ msMwZc~Y© nIqv DwPZ|

KvVv‡gvi g‡a¨ cwieZ©b: - AvBb

- bvMwiK/ivR‰bwZK- mvgvwRK- A_©‰bwZK

†mev cÖ`vbKvix:†mev MÖnxZv‡`i cÖwZm¤ú~Y© `vqe× nIqv

AwaKv‡ii aviK:-†mev MÖnxZv

†mev cÖ`vbKvixiwbKU †mev `vex

†eu‡P _vevi Rb¨ hvcwieZ©bxq:

-AvPiY-ÿgZvqb

-gvbevwaKvi DcjwãKib

†Ki‡Z mnvqZv Kiv

mev MÖwnZv‡`i †mev `vex

†mev cÖ`vbKvix‡`iRevew`wnZvi AvIZvq Avbv

Awa

Kvi

wfwË

K

wPÎt Dbœq‡b AvwaKvi wfwËK †KŠkj ev c×wZ

†mev MÖnxZv Ges †mev cÖ`vbKvix m¤ú‡K© aviYv

†mev MÖnxZv Kviv ?

AwaKvi wfwËK c×wZ (Avi we G) gvby‡li †Mv‡Îi g‡a¨ m¤úK© wbav©iY K‡i †`q| myZivs AviweG Aek¨B:

� AwaKv‡ii aviK ev †mev MªnxZv‡`i AwaKvi Ges Zv‡`i ^xK…wZ wbaviY Kiv

� †mev cÖ`vbKvix‡`i vq`vwqZ¡ Ges †hvMv‡hv‡Mi gva¨g mbv³Kib

� AwaKvi aviK‡`i AwaKvi/`vex Kivi ¶gZv kw³kvjx Kiv

� †mev cÖ`vbKvixiv †hb Zv‡`i vq-`vwqZ¡mg~n c~iY Ki‡Z cv‡i †m e¨vcv‡i Zv‡`i m¶gZv e„w× Kiv

� mKj gvbyl AwaKv‡ii evnK

Ø Dbœq‡bi †¶‡Î hv‡`i AwaKvi A¯^xKvi Kiv n‡”Q, ÿwZMÖ¯’ n‡”Q A_ev jswNZ n‡”Q

Ø GB Kvi‡Y ÓAviweGÓ AwaK wec`vcbœ, cÖvwšÍK Rb‡Mvôx, Ges Dbœq‡bi aviv n‡Z wcwQ‡q cov Rb‡Mvôx‡K Dbœq‡bi g~javivq wb‡q Av‡m|

MYZvwš¿K c×wZ

`ªwi`ªZv n«vm

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv37 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 38

� AwaKvi evnK‡`i vwqZ¡ n‡”Q Ab¨‡K mb¥vb Kiv Ges Zv‡`i AwaKvi i¶vq wbivcËv weavb Kiv

Ø mKj AwaKvi †fvMxivB AwaKv‡ii evnKØ cÖ‡Z¨K AwaKvi evnK Aek¨B A‡b¨i AwaKvi i¶vi cÖwZ mb¥vb †`Lv‡e

� AwaKv‡ii evnK‡`i Zv‡`i AwaKvi Av`vq Ges e¨env‡ii Rb¨ mwVK m¶gZv AR©b Kiv iKvi

Ø wb‡Ri AwaKvi Av`v‡qi Rb¨ me‡P‡q iæZ¡c~Y© n‡jv wb‡Ri m¤ú‡K© Rvbv Ø Mixe Ges wcwQ‡q cov Rb‡Mvôx Zv‡`i AwaKvi m¤ú‡K© m‡PZb bq, d‡j Zviv †kvlY Ges eÂbvi ^xKvi nq

� †mev cÖ`vbKvix n‡jv Zviv, hviv vwqZ¡‡ev‡ai mv‡_ AwaKvi Dcjwä K‡i|

� †mev cÖ`vbKvix wn‡m‡e cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki A‡b¨i cÖwZ vwqZ¡ Ges KZ©e¨‡eva i‡q‡Q| GUv mvgvwRK Ges bwZK vwqZ¡‡eva| ^vaxbZv Ges AwaKvi †fvMKivi †¶‡Î G‡K A‡b¨i ^vaxbZv Ges AwaKv‡ii cÖwZ Aek¨B mb¥vb †`Lv‡Z n‡e|

� wKš‘, gvbevwaKvi c×wZi g~j¨‡eva n‡jv ˆbwZK eva¨evaKZvi evB‡iI `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨‡K m¤úªmvwiZ Kiv| gvbevwaKvi eva¨evaKZv‡K Pvwc‡q †`q|

1. hviv Zvr¶wYK †Kvb `‡ji AwaKvi i¶vq `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡i| †hgb: wk¶Kiv-Qv·`i cÖwZ, cywjk-¶wZMÖ¯’ e¨w³ Ges Acivax‡`i, wcZvgvZv-†Q‡j-†g‡q‡`i cÖwZ|

2. `vwqZ¡kxj cÖwZôvb n‡jv hviv Zvr¶wbK vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡i| †hgb: ’vbxq GbwRI, wmweI, ’vbxq miKvix Kg©KZ©ve„›`|

3. D”P chv©‡qi cÖwZôvb| †hgb: †emiKvix cÖwZôvb, RvZxq ivóªxq ms¯’v Ges vZv ms¯’vmg~n|

4. ewnt¯’ †mev cÖ`vbKvix| †hgb: we‡`kx cÖwZôvb mgyn hviv †`kxq Kv‡Ri mv‡_ m¤ú„³| †hgb RvwZms‡Ni ms¯’v mg~n, wek¦¯^v¯’¨ ms¯’v, AvšÍR©vwZK A_© cÖ`vbKvix cÖwZôvb|

†mev cÖ`vbKvix Kviv ?

Pvi ai‡bi †mev cÖ`vbKvix i‡q‡Q

Dbœq‡bi †¶‡Î †mev MÖnxZv I †mev cÖ`vbKvix ms¯’vi g‡a¨ m¤úK©

myiÿvi †ÿ‡Î eva¨evaKZv

mb¥v‡bi †ÿ‡Î eva¨evaKZv

`vwqZ¡ cvj‡b eva¨evaKZv

gvbevwaKvi †mev MÖnxZv‡`i AwaKvi cÖ`vb K‡i Ges †mev cÖ`vKvix‡`i vwqZ¡ cvj‡b eva¨ K‡i, Ges AwaKvi cÖvcK‡`i mb¥vb I c~Y© AwaKvi cÖ`vb K‡i|

� ivóª I Zvi cÖwZôvb †Kvb e¨w³ ev j KZ…©K AwaKvi jswLZ n‡j Zv cÖwZ‡iva Ki‡Z eva¨|

� ivóª Aek¨B gvbevwaKvi j•N‡bi NUbvi Z`šÍ Ki‡e Ges †Kv_vI gvbevwaKvi jw•NZ n‡j AvB‡bi gva¨‡g cÖwZKv‡ii wbðqZv cÖ`vb Ki‡e|

� ivóª mivmwi ev c‡iv¶fv‡e gvby‡li AwaKvi Dc‡fv‡Mi †¶‡Î †Kvb euvav cÖ`vb Ki‡e bv|

� ivóª Ges Zvi cÖwZôvb KviI cÖ‡qvRb wgUv‡bvi Rb¨ m¤ú‡` cÖ‡ekMg¨Zvi †¶‡Î ^vaxbZv niY, gh©v`vnvwb ev KviI Øviv AvBb f‡½i †¶‡Î Zvi vwqZ¡ cvj‡b †Kvb iKg kvw_j¨ †`Lv‡e bv|

� AvBb cÖbqYKvix (msm`) I cwjwm Aek¨B gvbevwaKv‡ii g~jbxwZ¸‡jv AšÍ©fz³ Ki‡e gbœvb †`Lv‡e|

� ivóª I Zvi cÖwZôvbmgyn cwic~Y©fv‡e gvbevwaKv‡i Abyave‡b Kvh©Kix c`‡¶c wb‡e| Gi A_© m¤ú` I †mev cvIqvi †¶‡Î cÖ‡ekMg¨Zv e„w×|

� miKvi Aek¨B me‡P‡q wec`vcbœ‡`i‡K Zv‡`i AwaKvi c~i‡Y AMÖvwaKvi w`‡e|

AwaKvi wfwËK c×wZ RbM‡Yi m¤§vb I gh©v`vi mv‡_ †eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨ ¶gZv cÖ`vb K‡i| GUv‡K gvby‡li Dbœq‡bi †Kw›`ªq kw³ wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv nq|

� cwieZ©b cÖwµqv cwiPvwjZ K‡i

� wm×všÍ MÖn‡Y †Kvb e¨w³ ev †Mvôxi mwµq AskMÖn‡Y mnvqZv K‡i|

� †Kvb e¨w³ ev †Mvôx‡K Zv‡`i wb‡R‡`i Dci wbqš¿b Ki‡Z m¶g K‡i|

� †Kvb wec`vcbœ e¨w³ ev †Mvwôi Ae¯’vi cwieZ©‡b mnvqZv K‡i|

AwaKvi wfwËK c×wZ e¨w³‡K Zvi mb¥vb I gh©v`vi mv‡_ †eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨ gvbevwaKvi bxwZi gva¨‡g cÖ‡qvRbxq my‡hvM Zix K‡i †`q| GB my‡hvM gvbyl‡K AvBbMZ, bvMwiK, ivR‰bwZK, mvgvwRK Ges A_©‰bwZK KvVv‡gvq ¶gZvq‡b cwieZ©b Avb‡Z mnvqZv K‡i|

myi¶vi Rb¨ eva¨evaKZv

m¤§v‡bi †¶‡Î eva¨evaKZv

Avek¨KxqZv c~i‡Y eva¨evaKZv

M. AwaKvi wfwËK c×wZ Ges ¶gZvqb

AwaKvi wfwËK e¨e¯’v n‡”Q

¶gZvqb ej‡Z bvix I cyiæl DfqB Zv‡`i Rxe‡bi Dci wbqš¿b Avb‡e, Zv‡`i wbR¯^ G†RÛv wVK Ki‡e, `¶Zv AR©b Ki‡e, Zv‡`i wb‡R‡`i cÖwZ AvZ¥wek¦vm evov‡e, mgm¨vi mgvavb Ki‡e Ges AZ¥-wbf©iZvi Dbœqb NUv‡e| GUv c×wZ I djvdj|

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv39 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 40

� AwaKvi evnK‡`i vwqZ¡ n‡”Q Ab¨‡K mb¥vb Kiv Ges Zv‡`i AwaKvi i¶vq wbivcËv weavb Kiv

Ø mKj AwaKvi †fvMxivB AwaKv‡ii evnKØ cÖ‡Z¨K AwaKvi evnK Aek¨B A‡b¨i AwaKvi i¶vi cÖwZ mb¥vb †`Lv‡e

� AwaKv‡ii evnK‡`i Zv‡`i AwaKvi Av`vq Ges e¨env‡ii Rb¨ mwVK m¶gZv AR©b Kiv iKvi

Ø wb‡Ri AwaKvi Av`v‡qi Rb¨ me‡P‡q iæZ¡c~Y© n‡jv wb‡Ri m¤ú‡K© Rvbv Ø Mixe Ges wcwQ‡q cov Rb‡Mvôx Zv‡`i AwaKvi m¤ú‡K© m‡PZb bq, d‡j Zviv †kvlY Ges eÂbvi ^xKvi nq

� †mev cÖ`vbKvix n‡jv Zviv, hviv vwqZ¡‡ev‡ai mv‡_ AwaKvi Dcjwä K‡i|

� †mev cÖ`vbKvix wn‡m‡e cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki A‡b¨i cÖwZ vwqZ¡ Ges KZ©e¨‡eva i‡q‡Q| GUv mvgvwRK Ges bwZK vwqZ¡‡eva| ^vaxbZv Ges AwaKvi †fvMKivi †¶‡Î G‡K A‡b¨i ^vaxbZv Ges AwaKv‡ii cÖwZ Aek¨B mb¥vb †`Lv‡Z n‡e|

� wKš‘, gvbevwaKvi c×wZi g~j¨‡eva n‡jv ˆbwZK eva¨evaKZvi evB‡iI `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨‡K m¤úªmvwiZ Kiv| gvbevwaKvi eva¨evaKZv‡K Pvwc‡q †`q|

1. hviv Zvr¶wYK †Kvb `‡ji AwaKvi i¶vq `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡i| †hgb: wk¶Kiv-Qv·`i cÖwZ, cywjk-¶wZMÖ¯’ e¨w³ Ges Acivax‡`i, wcZvgvZv-†Q‡j-†g‡q‡`i cÖwZ|

2. `vwqZ¡kxj cÖwZôvb n‡jv hviv Zvr¶wbK vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡i| †hgb: ’vbxq GbwRI, wmweI, ’vbxq miKvix Kg©KZ©ve„›`|

3. D”P chv©‡qi cÖwZôvb| †hgb: †emiKvix cÖwZôvb, RvZxq ivóªxq ms¯’v Ges vZv ms¯’vmg~n|

4. ewnt¯’ †mev cÖ`vbKvix| †hgb: we‡`kx cÖwZôvb mgyn hviv †`kxq Kv‡Ri mv‡_ m¤ú„³| †hgb RvwZms‡Ni ms¯’v mg~n, wek¦¯^v¯’¨ ms¯’v, AvšÍR©vwZK A_© cÖ`vbKvix cÖwZôvb|

†mev cÖ`vbKvix Kviv ?

Pvi ai‡bi †mev cÖ`vbKvix i‡q‡Q

Dbœq‡bi †¶‡Î †mev MÖnxZv I †mev cÖ`vbKvix ms¯’vi g‡a¨ m¤úK©

myiÿvi †ÿ‡Î eva¨evaKZv

mb¥v‡bi †ÿ‡Î eva¨evaKZv

`vwqZ¡ cvj‡b eva¨evaKZv

gvbevwaKvi †mev MÖnxZv‡`i AwaKvi cÖ`vb K‡i Ges †mev cÖ`vKvix‡`i vwqZ¡ cvj‡b eva¨ K‡i, Ges AwaKvi cÖvcK‡`i mb¥vb I c~Y© AwaKvi cÖ`vb K‡i|

� ivóª I Zvi cÖwZôvb †Kvb e¨w³ ev j KZ…©K AwaKvi jswLZ n‡j Zv cÖwZ‡iva Ki‡Z eva¨|

� ivóª Aek¨B gvbevwaKvi j•N‡bi NUbvi Z`šÍ Ki‡e Ges †Kv_vI gvbevwaKvi jw•NZ n‡j AvB‡bi gva¨‡g cÖwZKv‡ii wbðqZv cÖ`vb Ki‡e|

� ivóª mivmwi ev c‡iv¶fv‡e gvby‡li AwaKvi Dc‡fv‡Mi †¶‡Î †Kvb euvav cÖ`vb Ki‡e bv|

� ivóª Ges Zvi cÖwZôvb KviI cÖ‡qvRb wgUv‡bvi Rb¨ m¤ú‡` cÖ‡ekMg¨Zvi †¶‡Î ^vaxbZv niY, gh©v`vnvwb ev KviI Øviv AvBb f‡½i †¶‡Î Zvi vwqZ¡ cvj‡b †Kvb iKg kvw_j¨ †`Lv‡e bv|

� AvBb cÖbqYKvix (msm`) I cwjwm Aek¨B gvbevwaKv‡ii g~jbxwZ¸‡jv AšÍ©fz³ Ki‡e gbœvb †`Lv‡e|

� ivóª I Zvi cÖwZôvbmgyn cwic~Y©fv‡e gvbevwaKv‡i Abyave‡b Kvh©Kix c`‡¶c wb‡e| Gi A_© m¤ú` I †mev cvIqvi †¶‡Î cÖ‡ekMg¨Zv e„w×|

� miKvi Aek¨B me‡P‡q wec`vcbœ‡`i‡K Zv‡`i AwaKvi c~i‡Y AMÖvwaKvi w`‡e|

AwaKvi wfwËK c×wZ RbM‡Yi m¤§vb I gh©v`vi mv‡_ †eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨ ¶gZv cÖ`vb K‡i| GUv‡K gvby‡li Dbœq‡bi †Kw›`ªq kw³ wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv nq|

� cwieZ©b cÖwµqv cwiPvwjZ K‡i

� wm×všÍ MÖn‡Y †Kvb e¨w³ ev †Mvôxi mwµq AskMÖn‡Y mnvqZv K‡i|

� †Kvb e¨w³ ev †Mvôx‡K Zv‡`i wb‡R‡`i Dci wbqš¿b Ki‡Z m¶g K‡i|

� †Kvb wec`vcbœ e¨w³ ev †Mvwôi Ae¯’vi cwieZ©‡b mnvqZv K‡i|

AwaKvi wfwËK c×wZ e¨w³‡K Zvi mb¥vb I gh©v`vi mv‡_ †eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨ gvbevwaKvi bxwZi gva¨‡g cÖ‡qvRbxq my‡hvM Zix K‡i †`q| GB my‡hvM gvbyl‡K AvBbMZ, bvMwiK, ivR‰bwZK, mvgvwRK Ges A_©‰bwZK KvVv‡gvq ¶gZvq‡b cwieZ©b Avb‡Z mnvqZv K‡i|

myi¶vi Rb¨ eva¨evaKZv

m¤§v‡bi †¶‡Î eva¨evaKZv

Avek¨KxqZv c~i‡Y eva¨evaKZv

M. AwaKvi wfwËK c×wZ Ges ¶gZvqb

AwaKvi wfwËK e¨e¯’v n‡”Q

¶gZvqb ej‡Z bvix I cyiæl DfqB Zv‡`i Rxe‡bi Dci wbqš¿b Avb‡e, Zv‡`i wbR¯^ G†RÛv wVK Ki‡e, `¶Zv AR©b Ki‡e, Zv‡`i wb‡R‡`i cÖwZ AvZ¥wek¦vm evov‡e, mgm¨vi mgvavb Ki‡e Ges AZ¥-wbf©iZvi Dbœqb NUv‡e| GUv c×wZ I djvdj|

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv39 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 40

¶gZvqb n‡”Q GKwU cÖwµqv Ges djvdj DfqB| jsDB (1991 mv‡j) GKwU KvVv‡gv ˆZix K‡i hv wewfbœ iKg ¶gZvq‡bi cv_©K¨ wb‡`©k K‡i|

1. Kj¨v‡bi ÒgvÎvÓt †hLv‡b †gŠwjK Pvwn`v mg~n cyiY nq| GUv c~i‡Y †Kvb KvVv‡gvMZ Drm cÖ‡qvRb nqbv Ges ïay Zv‡`i ZË¡veavb K‡i hviv c‡ivÿfv‡e RwoZ|

2. cÖ‡ekvwaKv‡ii gvÎvt wk¶v, f~wg Ges mybvg AR©‡b cÖ‡ekvwaKvi wbwðZ Kiv|

3. m‡PZbZv DÌvcb ÔgvÎvÕt †hLv‡b KvVv‡gvMZ Ges cÖvwZôvwbK elg¨ wbiæcY Kiv|

4. AskMÖnY I msnwZ ÔgvÎvÕt †hLv‡b mgvb wm×všÍ †bevi cÖ‡qvRb nq|

5. wbqš¿b ÔgvÎvÓt †hLv‡b e¨w³ wb‡R wm×všÍ wb‡Z cv‡ib Ges GUv m¤ú~Y©iæ‡c ^xK…Z|

GB KvVv‡gv wm×všÍ MÖnY I m¤ú‡`i gvwjKvbvi Dci †Rvi †`q hv Rxe‡bi gvb Dbœq‡bi gvcKvwV wVK K‡i| bvixev`x gZev` Ges RbwcÖq wk¶vi wPšÍvavivi †ÿ‡Î ÿZvqb e¨w³MZ Ges AvšÍR©vwZK ÿgZv‡K wb‡`©k K‡i|

¶gZvqb msm„óKi‡Yi/ev¯Íevq‡bi wb‡`©kK¶gZvi ai‡bi cÖKvi‡f`

ÿgZvi DËiY: KvD‡K cÖfvweZ Ges (†Rvic~e©K) eva¨ Kiv ÿgZvq Avmv: msMwVZ Kiv Ges we`¨gvb Avwac‡Z¨i g‡a¨ cwieZ©b Avbv

ÿgZvq _vKv: †hŠ_ Kvh©µg wbqš¿‡b ÿgZv †e‡o hvIqv|

ÿgZvi MwÐ: e¨w³MZ ‡PZbvq ¶gZvi DËiY NUv|

AšÍiwbwnZ m¤ú` Ges ÿgZv cwieZ©‡b euvave¨w³chv©‡q mÿgZv Ges my‡hvMm„wó‡Z cÖ‡ekMg¨Zv e„w× cvIqv|

m¤¢ve¨ AvšÍt SzwK †gvKv‡ejvq msnwZ †e‡o hvIqv |

m‡PZbZv I cÖZ¨vkvi †ÿ‡Î cwieZ©b nIqv |

AZGe, AwaKvi wfwËK †KŠkj mgš^‡qi gva¨‡g ÿgZvqb nIqvi A_© n‡jv AÿgZvq‡bi KviY¸‡jvi mgvavb Kiv Ges Amyweavmg~n Avq‡Ë wb‡q Avmv, †hLv‡b ÿgZvi Av`‡ji cQ›`, my‡hvM¸‡jv Ges †Kvb e¨w³i ev jxq Kj¨v‡Yi †KŠk‡ji mv‡_ ms‡hvM Zix nq|

Dbœqb Kgx© wn‡m‡e GUv Avgv‡`i Aek¨B wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e †h, GjvKvi gvbyl mwVK Z_¨ Rv‡b, vex K‡i Ges wb‡R‡`i AwaKvi myiÿvq Kvh©Ki f~wgKv iv‡L| cvkvcvwk GUvI wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e †h, Dbœqb ms¯’v¸‡jv gvby‡li AwaKvi myiÿvi Rb¨ KvR Ki‡Q, Zviv Zv‡`i vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ mwVKfv‡e cvjb Ki‡Q| G‡ÿ‡Î Avgv‡`i cÖKí Aek¨B gvby‡li AwaKvi iÿvq Kvh©Ki Ávb, mÿgZv I m¤ú‡` Zv‡`i cÖ‡ekMg¨Zv wbwðZ Kivi gva¨‡g Dbœq‡bi g~j avivq AskMÖn‡bi my‡hvM wbwðZ Ki‡e| Aa¨vq

†RÛvi Ges¯’vbxq Dbœqb

Aa¨vq Z…Zxq

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv41

¶gZvqb n‡”Q GKwU cÖwµqv Ges djvdj DfqB| jsDB (1991 mv‡j) GKwU KvVv‡gv ˆZix K‡i hv wewfbœ iKg ¶gZvq‡bi cv_©K¨ wb‡`©k K‡i|

1. Kj¨v‡bi ÒgvÎvÓt †hLv‡b †gŠwjK Pvwn`v mg~n cyiY nq| GUv c~i‡Y †Kvb KvVv‡gvMZ Drm cÖ‡qvRb nqbv Ges ïay Zv‡`i ZË¡veavb K‡i hviv c‡ivÿfv‡e RwoZ|

2. cÖ‡ekvwaKv‡ii gvÎvt wk¶v, f~wg Ges mybvg AR©‡b cÖ‡ekvwaKvi wbwðZ Kiv|

3. m‡PZbZv DÌvcb ÔgvÎvÕt †hLv‡b KvVv‡gvMZ Ges cÖvwZôvwbK elg¨ wbiæcY Kiv|

4. AskMÖnY I msnwZ ÔgvÎvÕt †hLv‡b mgvb wm×všÍ †bevi cÖ‡qvRb nq|

5. wbqš¿b ÔgvÎvÓt †hLv‡b e¨w³ wb‡R wm×všÍ wb‡Z cv‡ib Ges GUv m¤ú~Y©iæ‡c ^xK…Z|

GB KvVv‡gv wm×všÍ MÖnY I m¤ú‡`i gvwjKvbvi Dci †Rvi †`q hv Rxe‡bi gvb Dbœq‡bi gvcKvwV wVK K‡i| bvixev`x gZev` Ges RbwcÖq wk¶vi wPšÍvavivi †ÿ‡Î ÿZvqb e¨w³MZ Ges AvšÍR©vwZK ÿgZv‡K wb‡`©k K‡i|

¶gZvqb msm„óKi‡Yi/ev¯Íevq‡bi wb‡`©kK¶gZvi ai‡bi cÖKvi‡f`

ÿgZvi DËiY: KvD‡K cÖfvweZ Ges (†Rvic~e©K) eva¨ Kiv ÿgZvq Avmv: msMwVZ Kiv Ges we`¨gvb Avwac‡Z¨i g‡a¨ cwieZ©b Avbv

ÿgZvq _vKv: †hŠ_ Kvh©µg wbqš¿‡b ÿgZv †e‡o hvIqv|

ÿgZvi MwÐ: e¨w³MZ ‡PZbvq ¶gZvi DËiY NUv|

AšÍiwbwnZ m¤ú` Ges ÿgZv cwieZ©‡b euvave¨w³chv©‡q mÿgZv Ges my‡hvMm„wó‡Z cÖ‡ekMg¨Zv e„w× cvIqv|

m¤¢ve¨ AvšÍt SzwK †gvKv‡ejvq msnwZ †e‡o hvIqv |

m‡PZbZv I cÖZ¨vkvi †ÿ‡Î cwieZ©b nIqv |

AZGe, AwaKvi wfwËK †KŠkj mgš^‡qi gva¨‡g ÿgZvqb nIqvi A_© n‡jv AÿgZvq‡bi KviY¸‡jvi mgvavb Kiv Ges Amyweavmg~n Avq‡Ë wb‡q Avmv, †hLv‡b ÿgZvi Av`‡ji cQ›`, my‡hvM¸‡jv Ges †Kvb e¨w³i ev jxq Kj¨v‡Yi †KŠk‡ji mv‡_ ms‡hvM Zix nq|

Dbœqb Kgx© wn‡m‡e GUv Avgv‡`i Aek¨B wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e †h, GjvKvi gvbyl mwVK Z_¨ Rv‡b, vex K‡i Ges wb‡R‡`i AwaKvi myiÿvq Kvh©Ki f~wgKv iv‡L| cvkvcvwk GUvI wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e †h, Dbœqb ms¯’v¸‡jv gvby‡li AwaKvi myiÿvi Rb¨ KvR Ki‡Q, Zviv Zv‡`i vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ mwVKfv‡e cvjb Ki‡Q| G‡ÿ‡Î Avgv‡`i cÖKí Aek¨B gvby‡li AwaKvi iÿvq Kvh©Ki Ávb, mÿgZv I m¤ú‡` Zv‡`i cÖ‡ekMg¨Zv wbwðZ Kivi gva¨‡g Dbœq‡bi g~j avivq AskMÖn‡bi my‡hvM wbwðZ Ki‡e| Aa¨vq

†RÛvi Ges¯’vbxq Dbœqb

Aa¨vq Z…Zxq

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv41

hw` GwU mgvb AwaKvi, KZ©e¨‡eva, my‡hvM, ¶gZv Ges g~j¨vqb Øviv wbav©wiZ nq, Zvn‡j GUv †`k‡K †UKmB Dbœq‡bi w`‡K wb‡q qvq| †hgb: GgwWwR-3 kZe‡l©i Dbœqb j¶¨gvÎv (wg‡jwbqvg †W‡fjc‡g›U †MvjZ) Abyhvqx †RÐvi mgZv Ges bvixi ÿgZvqb †hUv †eBwRs †Nvlbv I cøvUdg© di GKkb G cwi¯‹vifv‡e D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q|

†RÐvi ej‡Z mgvR I iv‡óª bvix Ges cyiæ‡li Ae¯’vb‡K eySvq| Gi kZ© n‡jv †Kvb wbw`ó †Mvwôi gvbmb¥Z Rxeb hvc‡bi (bvix I cyiæl) Rb¨ Lv`¨, cywó, ^v¯’¨, evm¯’vb, e¯¿, wbivc` cvwb I cqtwb®‹vkb Ges Av‡qi my‡hvM m„wói mv‡_ ms‡hvM NUvb| cÿvšÍ‡i, Zv‡`i Ae¯’vbMZ ghv©`v, hv ÿgZv, wm×všÍ MÖnY, m¤ú‡`i gvwjKvbv, wbqš¿b I AwaKv‡ii mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z| myZivs kZ© Ges Ae¯’vb ywUB mgvbfv‡e iæZ¡c~Y©|

� we‡k¦ hZ NÈv KvR nq bvixiv Zvi 67% fvMB K‡i _v‡K|

� c„w_exi yB-Z…Zxqvsk bvixB wbiÿi|

� bvixi Avq cyiæ‡li Av‡qi Zzjbvq 50%-85%|

� wek¦e¨cx gvÎ 10% bvix RvZxq miKv‡ii cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡i|

� wek¦e¨cx bvixiv gvÎ 15.6% msm`xq Avm‡bi AwaKvix|

†RÐvi: NUbv I cwimsL¨vb

ˆewk¦K †cÖ¶vc‡U NUbv I wPÎ wbb¥iæc

mywcÖg †Kv‡U©i wePviKnvB‡Kv‡U©i wePviKwbb¥ Av`vj‡Zi wePviK†Rjv RRmnKvix †Rjv RR†Rô¨ mnKvix †Rjv RR

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m~Î: AvBb, wePvi I cvj©v‡g›Uvix welqK gš¿bvjq, †m‡Þ¤^i 2006 (I‡qe mvBU, mywcÖg †KvU©, 6 RyjvB 2011)

cyiælbvixAe¯’vb †gvU

†Uwej-1: wePvi wefv‡M bvix‡`i Ae¯’vb

evsjv‡`‡ki †cÖ¶vc‡U NUbv I wPÎ wbb¥iæc

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 44

Z…Zxq Aa¨vq

GB Awa‡ekb †k‡l AskMÖnYKvix hv Rvb‡eb:� †RÛv‡ii aviYv I A_© eyS‡Z cviv� †RÛvi mgZv I b¨vqcivqYZv� †RÛv‡ii †KŠkj Ges ’vbxq Dbœq‡bi mv‡_ Gi †hvMm~Î

� †RÛvi wK?� †RÛvi mgZv I b¨vqcivqYZv � †RÛv‡ii †KŠkj Ges ’vbxq Dbœq‡bi mv‡_ Gi †hvMm~Î� evsjv‡`‡ki Dbœq‡bi g~j‡¯ªvZ avivq †RÛvi

1970 mv‡ji cÖ_g w`‡K Ò†RÐviÓ K_vwUi DÌvb N‡U bvixev`xi ZvwË¡K aviYv wn‡m‡e| GUv †evSvi Rb¨ †h Awab¯Í Ae¯’vq bixiv wK ai‡bi RwUjZvi m¤§yLxb nq| GUv me©Rbwew`Z †h bvix‡`i GB Awab¯ÍZv mgvR KZ…©K m„ó wKš‘ kvixwiKfv‡e wba©vwiZ| myZivs, Ò†RÐviÓ bvix I cyiæ‡li gv‡S mvgvwRK cv_©K¨ wb‡`©k K‡i| mgvR, bvMwiK Ges e¨w³MZ Rxe‡b KvR, f~wgKv Ges `vwqZ¡-KZ©e¨ wbav©iY K‡i †`q|

� GUv cyiæl/†Q‡j Ges bvix/†g‡q‡`i ga¨Kvi m¤úK© wbav©iY K‡i|

� †RÐv‡ii aviYv mg‡qi mv‡_ mv‡_ †Q‡j I †g‡q‡`i gv‡S wewfbœ iKg cÖZ¨vkv Zix K‡i|� †RÐv‡ii vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ wVK Kiv nq mvgvwRK I mvs¯‹…wZK Av`‡k©i wfwˇZ| � †RÐvi c×wZ mg‡qi mv‡_ mv‡_ cwiewZ©Z n‡Z cv‡i|� †RÐvi RvwZ, eY© I a‡g©i Øviv cÖfvweZ n‡Z cv‡i |

mgv‡R bvix I cyiæ‡li gv‡S cvi®úvwiK m¤ú‡K©i wfwˇZ †RÛvi wbav©iY Kiv nq| wb‡b¥v³ wel‡qi Av‡jv‡K †RÐvi mgZv wbav©iY Kiv nq| †hgb:

ü AwaKviü `vwqZ¡ü my‡hvMü ¶gZv (wm×všÍ MÖnY) ü AvPiY ev g~j¨vqb

†RÛvi Ges ¯’vbxq Dbœqb

GB Awa‡ek‡bi j¶¨

GB Awa‡ek‡bi welqe¯‘

K. †RÐvi wK?

†RÛv‡ii ewkó¨

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv43

hw` GwU mgvb AwaKvi, KZ©e¨‡eva, my‡hvM, ¶gZv Ges g~j¨vqb Øviv wbav©wiZ nq, Zvn‡j GUv †`k‡K †UKmB Dbœq‡bi w`‡K wb‡q qvq| †hgb: GgwWwR-3 kZe‡l©i Dbœqb j¶¨gvÎv (wg‡jwbqvg †W‡fjc‡g›U †MvjZ) Abyhvqx †RÐvi mgZv Ges bvixi ÿgZvqb †hUv †eBwRs †Nvlbv I cøvUdg© di GKkb G cwi¯‹vifv‡e D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q|

†RÐvi ej‡Z mgvR I iv‡óª bvix Ges cyiæ‡li Ae¯’vb‡K eySvq| Gi kZ© n‡jv †Kvb wbw`ó †Mvwôi gvbmb¥Z Rxeb hvc‡bi (bvix I cyiæl) Rb¨ Lv`¨, cywó, ^v¯’¨, evm¯’vb, e¯¿, wbivc` cvwb I cqtwb®‹vkb Ges Av‡qi my‡hvM m„wói mv‡_ ms‡hvM NUvb| cÿvšÍ‡i, Zv‡`i Ae¯’vbMZ ghv©`v, hv ÿgZv, wm×všÍ MÖnY, m¤ú‡`i gvwjKvbv, wbqš¿b I AwaKv‡ii mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z| myZivs kZ© Ges Ae¯’vb ywUB mgvbfv‡e iæZ¡c~Y©|

� we‡k¦ hZ NÈv KvR nq bvixiv Zvi 67% fvMB K‡i _v‡K|

� c„w_exi yB-Z…Zxqvsk bvixB wbiÿi|

� bvixi Avq cyiæ‡li Av‡qi Zzjbvq 50%-85%|

� wek¦e¨cx gvÎ 10% bvix RvZxq miKv‡ii cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡i|

� wek¦e¨cx bvixiv gvÎ 15.6% msm`xq Avm‡bi AwaKvix|

†RÐvi: NUbv I cwimsL¨vb

ˆewk¦K †cÖ¶vc‡U NUbv I wPÎ wbb¥iæc

mywcÖg †Kv‡U©i wePviKnvB‡Kv‡U©i wePviKwbb¥ Av`vj‡Zi wePviK†Rjv RRmnKvix †Rjv RR†Rô¨ mnKvix †Rjv RR

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cyiælbvixAe¯’vb †gvU

†Uwej-1: wePvi wefv‡M bvix‡`i Ae¯’vb

evsjv‡`‡ki †cÖ¶vc‡U NUbv I wPÎ wbb¥iæc

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 44

Z…Zxq Aa¨vq

GB Awa‡ekb †k‡l AskMÖnYKvix hv Rvb‡eb:� †RÛv‡ii aviYv I A_© eyS‡Z cviv� †RÛvi mgZv I b¨vqcivqYZv� †RÛv‡ii †KŠkj Ges ’vbxq Dbœq‡bi mv‡_ Gi †hvMm~Î

� †RÛvi wK?� †RÛvi mgZv I b¨vqcivqYZv � †RÛv‡ii †KŠkj Ges ’vbxq Dbœq‡bi mv‡_ Gi †hvMm~Î� evsjv‡`‡ki Dbœq‡bi g~j‡¯ªvZ avivq †RÛvi

1970 mv‡ji cÖ_g w`‡K Ò†RÐviÓ K_vwUi DÌvb N‡U bvixev`xi ZvwË¡K aviYv wn‡m‡e| GUv †evSvi Rb¨ †h Awab¯Í Ae¯’vq bixiv wK ai‡bi RwUjZvi m¤§yLxb nq| GUv me©Rbwew`Z †h bvix‡`i GB Awab¯ÍZv mgvR KZ…©K m„ó wKš‘ kvixwiKfv‡e wba©vwiZ| myZivs, Ò†RÐviÓ bvix I cyiæ‡li gv‡S mvgvwRK cv_©K¨ wb‡`©k K‡i| mgvR, bvMwiK Ges e¨w³MZ Rxe‡b KvR, f~wgKv Ges `vwqZ¡-KZ©e¨ wbav©iY K‡i †`q|

� GUv cyiæl/†Q‡j Ges bvix/†g‡q‡`i ga¨Kvi m¤úK© wbav©iY K‡i|

� †RÐv‡ii aviYv mg‡qi mv‡_ mv‡_ †Q‡j I †g‡q‡`i gv‡S wewfbœ iKg cÖZ¨vkv Zix K‡i|� †RÐv‡ii vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ wVK Kiv nq mvgvwRK I mvs¯‹…wZK Av`‡k©i wfwˇZ| � †RÐvi c×wZ mg‡qi mv‡_ mv‡_ cwiewZ©Z n‡Z cv‡i|� †RÐvi RvwZ, eY© I a‡g©i Øviv cÖfvweZ n‡Z cv‡i |

mgv‡R bvix I cyiæ‡li gv‡S cvi®úvwiK m¤ú‡K©i wfwˇZ †RÛvi wbav©iY Kiv nq| wb‡b¥v³ wel‡qi Av‡jv‡K †RÐvi mgZv wbav©iY Kiv nq| †hgb:

ü AwaKviü `vwqZ¡ü my‡hvMü ¶gZv (wm×všÍ MÖnY) ü AvPiY ev g~j¨vqb

†RÛvi Ges ¯’vbxq Dbœqb

GB Awa‡ek‡bi j¶¨

GB Awa‡ek‡bi welqe¯‘

K. †RÐvi wK?

†RÛv‡ii ewkó¨

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv43

†gvU (msL¨v) bvix

mwPe AwZwi³ mwPe hyM¥ mwPeDc-mwPe‡Rô¨ mnKvix mwPemnKvix mwPe

70298927131114331115

51370105246247

7.144.367.558.0117.1722.15

m~Î: I‡qe mvBU, Rb cÖkvmb gš¿bvjq, 18 †deª”qvix, 2014

myÎ: Rb cÖkvmb g¯¿bvjq Ges cwimsL¨vb e¨y‡iv, evsjv‡`k (1973-2014)

Ae¯’vb kZKiv fvM (%)

†Uwej-2: ivóª Ges miKvix Kv‡R bvixi Ae¯’vb

†Uwej-3: RvZxq msm‡` bvixi Ae¯’vb

mvjmvavib wbev©P‡b msm‡` wbev©wPZ bvix m`m¨

msm‡` msiw¶Z Avmbbvix cyiæl

197319791986198819911996200120082014

-15-41162018

300299295

-296289294280282

153030303030454550

†g¤^vi†Pqvig¨vbAe¯’vb

kZKiv nvi%msL¨v kZKiv nvi%msL¨v

bvixcyiæl†gvU

214,4774,498

0.4799.53100

13,63740,33953.976

25.2674.74100

†Uwej-4: BDwbqb cwil‡` bvix‡`i Ae¯’vb (BDwc)

myÎ: Rb cÖkvmb g¯¿bvjq Ges cwimsL¨vb e¨y‡iv,evsjv‡`k

L. †RÐvi mgZv I b¨vqcivqbZv†RÐvi mgZv ej‡Z bvix I cyiæ‡li mgvb AwaKvi, `vwqZ¡, myweav, wPwKrmv Ges g~j¨vqb‡K †evSvq| †RÛvi mgZv ej‡Z GUv †evSvq bv †h bvix I cyiæl‡K ûeû GKB mgvb n‡Z n‡e| wK¯‘ Zv‡`i AwaKvi, vwqZ¡ I my‡hvM mgvb _vK‡Z n‡e| Zviv bvix bv cyiæl wn‡m‡e Rb¥ wb‡q‡Q Zvi Dci wfwË K‡i Kiv hv‡e bv| Gfv‡e bvix I cyiæl Rb¥MZfv‡e wfbœ n‡Z cv‡i, Z‡e †RÐvi mgZv wb‡b¥v³ †ÿ‡Î Zv‡`i g‡a¨ mgvb g~j¨vqb Ges e›Ub K‡i:

� `vwqZ¡� my‡hvM myweav � Kv‡Ri Pvc� wm×všÍ MÖnY � ¶gZv

mgZvi aviYv wZbwU cÖavb wel‡qi Dci wbf©i K‡i:

Gi A_© ‡Kvb e¨w³i ^vaxbfv‡e Rxeb aviY, ^vaxbZv Ges m¤úwËi AwaKv‡ii cªwZ mb¥vb †`Lvb|Gi A_© bvix cyiæ‡li Avq Ges m¤úwˇZ mgvb AwaKvi _vK‡Z n‡e| Gi A_© mvgvwRK Ae¯’v‡bi w`K ‡_‡K mgZv; A_v©r my‡hvM cÖvwß Ges AvPi‡Yi †ÿ‡Î mgZv|

1. ivR‰bwZK mgZv

2. A_©‰bwZK mgZv

3. mvgvwRK mgZv

AZGe, †RÐvi mgZv AR©‡bi Rb¨ wbb¥wjwLZ Dcv`vb‡K we‡ePbv Kiv iKvi: � Revew`wnZv t GwU ‡mev cÖ`vbKvixi cÖwZ wb‡`©k K‡i (ivóª / Kvh©Ki e¨w³)

� Zyjbxq t GwU bxwZ I PPv©i cÖwZ wb‡`©k K‡i

� mvs¯‹…wZK g~j¨vqb t GwU †RÛvi ms‡e`bkxjZvi cÖwZ wb‡`©k K‡i

� †KŠkj t GwU RvZxq Kg© cwiKíbv Ges AvBbMZ KvVv‡gv‡K wb‡`©k K‡i

G mKj Dcv`vb¸‡jv bvix I cyiæ‡li mgvb AwaKvi, my‡hvM Ges mgvb AvPiY cvevi †ÿ‡Î (mvgvwRK, A_©‰bwZK, mvs¯‹…wZK I ivR‰bwZK) mnvqZv K‡i, hv Zv‡`i b¨vqm½Z Dbœq‡bi c_ Zix Ki‡Z cv‡i|

†RÛvi mgZv n‡jv GKwU cÖwµqv hvi gva¨‡g mgvb AwaKvi AR©b Kiv hvq| GUv mevi cÖwZ me mgq mgvb AvPiY K‡i bv wKš‘ Avgv‡`i cÖK‡íi mgvb myweav cvIqvi †ÿ‡Î mK‡ji mgvb my‡hvM Av‡Q|

� †RÐvi b¨vh¨Zv/b¨vqcivqYZv n‡jv bxwZ Ges m¤ú‡`i mylg e›U‡bi Abykxjb, Kg©m~wP‡Z, wk¶vq, mvgvwRK, mvs¯‹…wZK, ivR‰bwZK Ges A_©‰bwZK cwigÛ‡j bvix I cyiæ‡li mgvb ÿgZv AR©b|

� †RÛvi b¨vh¨Zv/b¨vqcivqYZv bvix I cyiæ‡li wewfbœ cÖ‡qvRb Ges ÿgZvi ¯^xK…wZ †`q|

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv45 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 46

†gvU (msL¨v) bvix

mwPe AwZwi³ mwPe hyM¥ mwPeDc-mwPe‡Rô¨ mnKvix mwPemnKvix mwPe

70298927131114331115

51370105246247

7.144.367.558.0117.1722.15

m~Î: I‡qe mvBU, Rb cÖkvmb gš¿bvjq, 18 †deª”qvix, 2014

myÎ: Rb cÖkvmb g¯¿bvjq Ges cwimsL¨vb e¨y‡iv, evsjv‡`k (1973-2014)

Ae¯’vb kZKiv fvM (%)

†Uwej-2: ivóª Ges miKvix Kv‡R bvixi Ae¯’vb

†Uwej-3: RvZxq msm‡` bvixi Ae¯’vb

mvjmvavib wbev©P‡b msm‡` wbev©wPZ bvix m`m¨

msm‡` msiw¶Z Avmbbvix cyiæl

197319791986198819911996200120082014

-15-41162018

300299295

-296289294280282

153030303030454550

†g¤^vi†Pqvig¨vbAe¯’vb

kZKiv nvi%msL¨v kZKiv nvi%msL¨v

bvixcyiæl†gvU

214,4774,498

0.4799.53100

13,63740,33953.976

25.2674.74100

†Uwej-4: BDwbqb cwil‡` bvix‡`i Ae¯’vb (BDwc)

myÎ: Rb cÖkvmb g¯¿bvjq Ges cwimsL¨vb e¨y‡iv,evsjv‡`k

L. †RÐvi mgZv I b¨vqcivqbZv†RÐvi mgZv ej‡Z bvix I cyiæ‡li mgvb AwaKvi, `vwqZ¡, myweav, wPwKrmv Ges g~j¨vqb‡K †evSvq| †RÛvi mgZv ej‡Z GUv †evSvq bv †h bvix I cyiæl‡K ûeû GKB mgvb n‡Z n‡e| wK¯‘ Zv‡`i AwaKvi, vwqZ¡ I my‡hvM mgvb _vK‡Z n‡e| Zviv bvix bv cyiæl wn‡m‡e Rb¥ wb‡q‡Q Zvi Dci wfwË K‡i Kiv hv‡e bv| Gfv‡e bvix I cyiæl Rb¥MZfv‡e wfbœ n‡Z cv‡i, Z‡e †RÐvi mgZv wb‡b¥v³ †ÿ‡Î Zv‡`i g‡a¨ mgvb g~j¨vqb Ges e›Ub K‡i:

� `vwqZ¡� my‡hvM myweav � Kv‡Ri Pvc� wm×všÍ MÖnY � ¶gZv

mgZvi aviYv wZbwU cÖavb wel‡qi Dci wbf©i K‡i:

Gi A_© ‡Kvb e¨w³i ^vaxbfv‡e Rxeb aviY, ^vaxbZv Ges m¤úwËi AwaKv‡ii cªwZ mb¥vb †`Lvb|Gi A_© bvix cyiæ‡li Avq Ges m¤úwˇZ mgvb AwaKvi _vK‡Z n‡e| Gi A_© mvgvwRK Ae¯’v‡bi w`K ‡_‡K mgZv; A_v©r my‡hvM cÖvwß Ges AvPi‡Yi †ÿ‡Î mgZv|

1. ivR‰bwZK mgZv

2. A_©‰bwZK mgZv

3. mvgvwRK mgZv

AZGe, †RÐvi mgZv AR©‡bi Rb¨ wbb¥wjwLZ Dcv`vb‡K we‡ePbv Kiv iKvi: � Revew`wnZv t GwU ‡mev cÖ`vbKvixi cÖwZ wb‡`©k K‡i (ivóª / Kvh©Ki e¨w³)

� Zyjbxq t GwU bxwZ I PPv©i cÖwZ wb‡`©k K‡i

� mvs¯‹…wZK g~j¨vqb t GwU †RÛvi ms‡e`bkxjZvi cÖwZ wb‡`©k K‡i

� †KŠkj t GwU RvZxq Kg© cwiKíbv Ges AvBbMZ KvVv‡gv‡K wb‡`©k K‡i

G mKj Dcv`vb¸‡jv bvix I cyiæ‡li mgvb AwaKvi, my‡hvM Ges mgvb AvPiY cvevi †ÿ‡Î (mvgvwRK, A_©‰bwZK, mvs¯‹…wZK I ivR‰bwZK) mnvqZv K‡i, hv Zv‡`i b¨vqm½Z Dbœq‡bi c_ Zix Ki‡Z cv‡i|

†RÛvi mgZv n‡jv GKwU cÖwµqv hvi gva¨‡g mgvb AwaKvi AR©b Kiv hvq| GUv mevi cÖwZ me mgq mgvb AvPiY K‡i bv wKš‘ Avgv‡`i cÖK‡íi mgvb myweav cvIqvi †ÿ‡Î mK‡ji mgvb my‡hvM Av‡Q|

� †RÐvi b¨vh¨Zv/b¨vqcivqYZv n‡jv bxwZ Ges m¤ú‡`i mylg e›U‡bi Abykxjb, Kg©m~wP‡Z, wk¶vq, mvgvwRK, mvs¯‹…wZK, ivR‰bwZK Ges A_©‰bwZK cwigÛ‡j bvix I cyiæ‡li mgvb ÿgZv AR©b|

� †RÛvi b¨vh¨Zv/b¨vqcivqYZv bvix I cyiæ‡li wewfbœ cÖ‡qvRb Ges ÿgZvi ¯^xK…wZ †`q|

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv45 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 46

� †RÐvi b¨vh¨Zv/b¨vqcivqYZv ^xKvi K‡i †h, b¨vqm½Z cwieZ©‡bi Rb¨ wewfbœ †KŠkj cÖ‡qv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î HwZnvwmK, mvgvwRK Amyweav Ges elg¨mg~n ms‡kvab Kivi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡ÿc †bIqvi iKvi n‡Z cv‡i|

bvix-cyiæl mgv‡R Zvi Ae¯’vb hvB †nvK bv †Kb, †RÐvi b¨vqciqYZv Zv‡`i mgvb cÖ‡ekMg¨Zv, m¤ú‡`i Dci wbqš¿b, Z_¨/ wkÿv mg‡qi mv‡_ ms‡hvM ’vcb K‡i Ges hv wm×všÍ MÖn‡Y kw³ †RvMvq|

AwaKv‡ii m‡½ †RÛv‡ii m¤úK©

M. †RÛvi c×wZ Ges ’vbxq Dbœq‡bi mv‡_ Gi ms‡hvM

c×wZ- 1t Dbœq‡b bvix (WweøD.AvB.wW)

RvwZmsN PviwU g~j c×wZ Dc¯’vcb K‡i‡Q †h¸‡jv †RÛv‡ii mv‡_ m¤úK©xZ| c×wZ¸‡jv wbb¥iæc:

1970-1980 mv‡ji gvSvgvwS mg‡q RvwZmsN mgwš^Z Dbœqb cÖ‡Póvq bvixi AskMÖn‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ ÒDbœq‡b bvixÓ (WweøDAvBwW) cÖ_g GB m~ÎwUi AeZvibv K‡i| GB c×wZ‡Z ejv nq, bvixiv Dbœqb Kg©m~wP‡Z D‡cw¶Z Ges cwiZ¨³| GB c×wZ wek¦vm K‡i mgš^xZ Dbœqb avivq bvix‡`i AšÍ©fzw³ Qvov Dbœqb m¤¢e bq| †h‡nZz Dbœq‡bi †ÿ‡Î bvix‡`i‡K ¯^í wb‡qvMK…Z m¤ú` wn‡m‡e †`Lv nq wKš‘ ZvivB Dbœq‡b g~j¨evb m¤ú` wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ n‡Z cv‡i| GB cÖwµqvwU AvaywbK c×wZi mv‡_ Am½wZ m„wó K‡i GB e‡j †h, †m †ÿ‡Î Dbœq‡bi mydj bvix‡`i w`‡KB hv‡e| ZvB cÖwµqv‡K bvix‡`i Rb¨ c„_K ev mgwš^Z cÖKí wn‡m‡e cÖPvivwfhvb Pvjv‡bv nj| G cÖwµqv‡K bvix‡`i cÖvwšÍwKKiY †gvKv‡ejvq GKgvÎ mgvavb wn‡m‡e †`Lv nZ| WweøDAvBwW aviYv KiZ hw` bvix‡`i‡K ¶Zv Dbœqg~jK cÖwk¶Y, FY, ¶y`ª Avqe„w×g~jK Kvh©µg, Mvn©¯’¨ A_©bxwZ‡Z cÖ‡ek Mg¨Zv evov‡bv †hZ Zvn‡j bvixiv Zv‡`i Ae¯’vi Dbœqb NUv‡Z cviZ Ges cyiæ‡li mv‡_ A_©‰bwZK Aswk`vi n‡Z cviZ|

AskMÖnY

AmgZv GeswcZ…Z‡š¿i mgvavb

bvix

bvix Dbœqb

Dbœq‡bi aviv

mymg Dbœq‡bimydj jvf

GKwÎKiY

Ae¨eüZ m¤ú‡`ie¨envi

bvix

bvix Dbœqb

Dbœqb cÖ‡Póv

c×wZ 2t bvix Ges Dbœqb (WweøDGwW) ÒDbœq‡b bvixÓc×wZi wkÿY wb‡q RvwZmsN 1980 mv‡j Dbœq‡b bix‡`i e¨vcK AskMÖnY wbwðZKi‡bi Rb¨ Òbvix Ges DbœqbÓ (WweøDGwW) kxl©K Av‡iv GKwU cÖwµqvi AeZvibv K‡i| GB c×wZ Abyaveb K‡i †h, hZw`b wcZ…Zvwš¿K Ges ewk¦K Amvg¨Zv yi Kiv bv hv‡e, ZZw`b bvixiv Dbœq‡b mgvb Aswk`vwi‡Z¡i mydj cv‡e bv| GUv AviI wbwðZ K‡i †h, bvixiv ïay Ae‡nwjZ m¤ú`B bq eis Zviv mgv‡Ri AwZwi³ †evSv Ges Aeg~j¨vwqZ| WweøDGwW c×wZ bvix I cyiæ‡li gv‡S Dbœq‡bi mydj Ges †evSv mgvbfv‡e e›U‡bi AbygwZ †`q|

c×wZ-3t †RÛvi Ges Dbœqb (wRGwW)M¨vW (†RÛvi Ges Dbœqb) c×wZ 1990 mv‡j Dbœqb Kg©m~wP I bxwZgvjv ˆZixi †ÿ‡Î †RÐv‡ii fzwgKv Ges Amg ÿgZvi †h m¤úK© i‡q‡Q †mUv‡K †K›`ª K‡i GB cÖwµqvi m~Pbv K‡i| GUv †RÐvi Ges †RÐvi m¤ú‡K©i mv‡_ m¤úwKZ| GUv Dbœq‡bi aviYv Ges PPv© m¤ú‡K© c~Ytfvebvi c‡ÿ †Kvb Awacivgk© bq eis GUv †RÐv‡ii GKUv mvgMÖxK c©Y| KviY GB c×wZ mwZ¨Kvi A‡_©B GUv wb‡`©k K‡i †h, Amg †RÐvi m¤úK© bvix‡`i mb¥vb, wkÿv, cÖhyw³ Ges K…wl m¤úªmvi‡b bvix‡`i cÖ‡ek Mg¨Zv Ges AR©b‡K A¯^xKvi K‡i|

wbq‡š¿i m‡ev©”P ¯Íi ch©šÍ cÖ‡ekvwaKvi

Af¨šÍixYm¤ú`

A_©‰bwZK GesmvgvwRK m¤ú`

ivR‰bwZKm¤ú`

Z_¨/wkÿv mgq

ÿgZv Ges wm×všÍ MÖnY

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv47 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 48

� †RÐvi b¨vh¨Zv/b¨vqcivqYZv ^xKvi K‡i †h, b¨vqm½Z cwieZ©‡bi Rb¨ wewfbœ †KŠkj cÖ‡qv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î HwZnvwmK, mvgvwRK Amyweav Ges elg¨mg~n ms‡kvab Kivi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡ÿc †bIqvi iKvi n‡Z cv‡i|

bvix-cyiæl mgv‡R Zvi Ae¯’vb hvB †nvK bv †Kb, †RÐvi b¨vqciqYZv Zv‡`i mgvb cÖ‡ekMg¨Zv, m¤ú‡`i Dci wbqš¿b, Z_¨/ wkÿv mg‡qi mv‡_ ms‡hvM ’vcb K‡i Ges hv wm×všÍ MÖn‡Y kw³ †RvMvq|

AwaKv‡ii m‡½ †RÛv‡ii m¤úK©

M. †RÛvi c×wZ Ges ’vbxq Dbœq‡bi mv‡_ Gi ms‡hvM

c×wZ- 1t Dbœq‡b bvix (WweøD.AvB.wW)

RvwZmsN PviwU g~j c×wZ Dc¯’vcb K‡i‡Q †h¸‡jv †RÛv‡ii mv‡_ m¤úK©xZ| c×wZ¸‡jv wbb¥iæc:

1970-1980 mv‡ji gvSvgvwS mg‡q RvwZmsN mgwš^Z Dbœqb cÖ‡Póvq bvixi AskMÖn‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ ÒDbœq‡b bvixÓ (WweøDAvBwW) cÖ_g GB m~ÎwUi AeZvibv K‡i| GB c×wZ‡Z ejv nq, bvixiv Dbœqb Kg©m~wP‡Z D‡cw¶Z Ges cwiZ¨³| GB c×wZ wek¦vm K‡i mgš^xZ Dbœqb avivq bvix‡`i AšÍ©fzw³ Qvov Dbœqb m¤¢e bq| †h‡nZz Dbœq‡bi †ÿ‡Î bvix‡`i‡K ¯^í wb‡qvMK…Z m¤ú` wn‡m‡e †`Lv nq wKš‘ ZvivB Dbœq‡b g~j¨evb m¤ú` wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ n‡Z cv‡i| GB cÖwµqvwU AvaywbK c×wZi mv‡_ Am½wZ m„wó K‡i GB e‡j †h, †m †ÿ‡Î Dbœq‡bi mydj bvix‡`i w`‡KB hv‡e| ZvB cÖwµqv‡K bvix‡`i Rb¨ c„_K ev mgwš^Z cÖKí wn‡m‡e cÖPvivwfhvb Pvjv‡bv nj| G cÖwµqv‡K bvix‡`i cÖvwšÍwKKiY †gvKv‡ejvq GKgvÎ mgvavb wn‡m‡e †`Lv nZ| WweøDAvBwW aviYv KiZ hw` bvix‡`i‡K ¶Zv Dbœqg~jK cÖwk¶Y, FY, ¶y`ª Avqe„w×g~jK Kvh©µg, Mvn©¯’¨ A_©bxwZ‡Z cÖ‡ek Mg¨Zv evov‡bv †hZ Zvn‡j bvixiv Zv‡`i Ae¯’vi Dbœqb NUv‡Z cviZ Ges cyiæ‡li mv‡_ A_©‰bwZK Aswk`vi n‡Z cviZ|

AskMÖnY

AmgZv GeswcZ…Z‡š¿i mgvavb

bvix

bvix Dbœqb

Dbœq‡bi aviv

mymg Dbœq‡bimydj jvf

GKwÎKiY

Ae¨eüZ m¤ú‡`ie¨envi

bvix

bvix Dbœqb

Dbœqb cÖ‡Póv

c×wZ 2t bvix Ges Dbœqb (WweøDGwW) ÒDbœq‡b bvixÓc×wZi wkÿY wb‡q RvwZmsN 1980 mv‡j Dbœq‡b bix‡`i e¨vcK AskMÖnY wbwðZKi‡bi Rb¨ Òbvix Ges DbœqbÓ (WweøDGwW) kxl©K Av‡iv GKwU cÖwµqvi AeZvibv K‡i| GB c×wZ Abyaveb K‡i †h, hZw`b wcZ…Zvwš¿K Ges ewk¦K Amvg¨Zv yi Kiv bv hv‡e, ZZw`b bvixiv Dbœq‡b mgvb Aswk`vwi‡Z¡i mydj cv‡e bv| GUv AviI wbwðZ K‡i †h, bvixiv ïay Ae‡nwjZ m¤ú`B bq eis Zviv mgv‡Ri AwZwi³ †evSv Ges Aeg~j¨vwqZ| WweøDGwW c×wZ bvix I cyiæ‡li gv‡S Dbœq‡bi mydj Ges †evSv mgvbfv‡e e›U‡bi AbygwZ †`q|

c×wZ-3t †RÛvi Ges Dbœqb (wRGwW)M¨vW (†RÛvi Ges Dbœqb) c×wZ 1990 mv‡j Dbœqb Kg©m~wP I bxwZgvjv ˆZixi †ÿ‡Î †RÐv‡ii fzwgKv Ges Amg ÿgZvi †h m¤úK© i‡q‡Q †mUv‡K †K›`ª K‡i GB cÖwµqvi m~Pbv K‡i| GUv †RÐvi Ges †RÐvi m¤ú‡K©i mv‡_ m¤úwKZ| GUv Dbœq‡bi aviYv Ges PPv© m¤ú‡K© c~Ytfvebvi c‡ÿ †Kvb Awacivgk© bq eis GUv †RÐv‡ii GKUv mvgMÖxK c©Y| KviY GB c×wZ mwZ¨Kvi A‡_©B GUv wb‡`©k K‡i †h, Amg †RÐvi m¤úK© bvix‡`i mb¥vb, wkÿv, cÖhyw³ Ges K…wl m¤úªmvi‡b bvix‡`i cÖ‡ek Mg¨Zv Ges AR©b‡K A¯^xKvi K‡i|

wbq‡š¿i m‡ev©”P ¯Íi ch©šÍ cÖ‡ekvwaKvi

Af¨šÍixYm¤ú`

A_©‰bwZK GesmvgvwRK m¤ú`

ivR‰bwZKm¤ú`

Z_¨/wkÿv mgq

ÿgZv Ges wm×všÍ MÖnY

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv47 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 48

AvB‡bi aviv I wewabvix

b¨vqm½Z Dbœqb

Dbœqb Kg©m~Px GesbxwZgvjv mgZvi bxwZ

Ges bvix I cyiæ‡limgvb ÿgZv

c×wZ -4t Dbœq‡bi g~j‡¯ªvZavivq †RÛvi1995 mv‡j †eBwRsG RvwZms‡Ni PZ_z © wek¦ m‡¤§j‡bi gva¨‡g †RÐvi mgZvi ˆewkK¦ †KŠk‡ji mP~ bv Kiv nq| GB c×wZ ‡RÐvi mgZv‡K wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ wb‡b¥v³ bxwZgvjv Abmy Üvb Ki‡e :� †RÐv‡ii cv_©K¨ I AmgZvi †ÿÎ we‡kølY Kiv

� bvix I cyiæ‡li g‡a¨ †RÐvi elg¨ ~ixKi‡Yi Rb¨ †ÿÎ Zix Kiv

†RÛvi AmgZvimgvavb

bvix

Dbœq‡b †RÛvimgZv

Kvh©Kix DbœqbbxwZgvjv

†mg_©b

RÛvi mgZvq†RÛv‡ii

cv_©K¨ wbY©q

Dbqœ ‡bi gjy ‡ vª Zavivq †RÐv‡ii AšfÍ w© z ³ †RÐvi mgZvi jÿ¨‡K mKj Kvhµ© ‡gi gj~ †K› wª e›`‡y Z wb‡q Av‡m A_v© r bxwZgvjv ˆZix, M‡elYv/Abmy Üvb, Awacivgk/© K‡_vcK_b, AvBbcYÖ qb, m¤ú‡`i e›Ub Ges cwiKíbv, ev¯eÍ vqb Ges Kgm© w~ P I Kvhµ© g Z`viwK Kiv| †m hvB‡nvK, 1995 mv‡j †eBwRsG RvwZms‡Ni PZ_z © wek¦ m‡¤§j‡b wm‡Wvi wb‡`k© bv Abhy vqx Dbqœ ‡bi †ÿ‡Î mgšq †Rvi`vi Kivi Rb¨ ÒDbqœ ‡bi gjy ‡ vª Z avivq †RÐv‡ii AšfÍ w© z ³iÓ Dci iæZ¡ Av‡ivc Kiv nq|

†RÛvi we‡klø Y GKwU iæcvšwÍ Zi c×wZi D™e¢ K‡i, hv bvixiv †h ai‡bi mgm¨vi m¤§Ly xb nq, †mme mgm¨vi mgvav‡bi Ki‡Z cv‡i| Dbœq‡bi g~j‡¯ªvZavivq †RÛvi iæZ¡c~Y© †Kb?

c×wZ¸‡jv wbb¥iæc

N. evsjv‡`‡ki g~j‡¯ªvZ avivq †RÐv‡ii cÖwZkÖæwZ

G¸‡jv wb¤œiæc

1. GUv Dbœqb cwiKíbvKvix Ges wm×všÍ MÖnYKvix‡`i bvix m¤úwK©Z wel‡q m‡PZb Ki‡Z cv‡i

2. GwU †KŠkj I cÖwµqv Dbœqb K‡i, hv cÖwZôv‡bi ¶gZv I we‡klvwaKvi m¤ú©K…Z c_ cwieZ©b Ki‡Z cv‡i|

3. GUv msMVb Ges Kg©m~wPi KvVv‡gvi g‡a¨ †RÐvi AmgZv ~i K‡i|

4. GUv m¤ú‡`i b¨vqm½Z e›Ub, my‡hvM Ges Dbœqb avivi mydj cÖvw߇Z GKwU mdj cÖ‡Póv

5. GUv mgv‡Ri Af¨šÍixY mgm¨v Ges AmgZv ~wiKi‡Y Ae`vb ivL‡Z cv‡i|

evsjv‡`k Dbœq‡b †RÛvi AšÍf©zw³i Rb¨ cªwZkÖæwZe×| GB cÖwZkÖæwZi Ask wn‡m‡e evsjv‡`k 1984 mv‡ji 6 b‡f¤^i wm‡Wv mb‡` (bvixi cÖwZ mKj cÖKvi ˆelg¨ `~ixKiY) ¯^v¶i K‡i| miKv‡ii GB cÖwZkÖæwZ evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡b cwi¯‹vi fv‡e eY©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q, †hUv mKj bvMwi‡Ki cÖwZ mgvb AwaKvi Ges AvPi‡Yi wbðqZv cÖ`vb K‡i (hv msweav‡bi 27, 28 (1), 28 (2), 28 (3), 28 (4), 29 (1), 29 (2) Ges 29 (3) Aby‡”Q‡` D‡jøL Av‡Q)| GB eva¨evaKZv Abymv‡i evsjv‡`k miKvi mK‡ji Rb¨ mgvb AwaKvi wbwðZ Ges bvix I †g‡q wkky myi¶vi Rb¨ GKvwaK AvBb I Aa¨v‡`k Rvwi K‡i‡Q|

� †dŠR`vix Kvh©wewa, 1898

� †`Iqvbx Kvh©wewa, 1908

� A‰bwZK gvbe cvPvi AvBb, 1933

� gvZ…Z¡Kvjxb myweav AvBb, 1939

� gymwjg cvwievwiK AvBb Aa¨v‡`k, 1961

� wkï AvBb, 1974

� gymwjg weevn I ZvjvK (wbeÜb) AvBb, 1974

� †hŠZzK wbwl×KiY AvBb, 1980 (aviv bs. 35 1980)

� wkï weevn wb‡iva AvBb, 1929 (ms‡kvawb 1984)

� cvwievwiK Av`vjZ Aa¨v‡`k, 1985

� bvix I wkï wbh©vZb †iva AvBb, 2000

� cvwievwiK wbhv©Zb (myiÿv I cÖwZ‡iva AvBb, 2010)

� wn›`y weevn wbeÜb wej, 2012

†m mv‡_, miKvi bvixi AMÖMwZi Rb¨ RvwZms‡Ni gvb`Ð Abymv‡i †eBwRs cøvUd‡g©i mv‡_ m½wZ †i‡L ÒRvZxq bvix Dbœqb bxwZ-2011Ó I ÒRvZxq cwiKíbv bxwZÓ Pvjy K‡i‡Q| wfkb 2010-2021 Abymv‡i evsjv‡`k 6ô cÂevwl©Kx cwiKíbv ˆZixi mgq †RÛvi mgZv‡K g~j†¯ªvZavivi mv‡_ hy³ K‡i‡Q| evsjv‡`‡k wek¦ cÖPviYvi Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask wn‡m‡e RvwZms‡Ni we‡kl †Nvlbv Abyhvqx wbb¥wjwLZ we‡kl w`b¸‡jv Drhvcb Ki‡e|

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv49 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 50

AvB‡bi aviv I wewabvix

b¨vqm½Z Dbœqb

Dbœqb Kg©m~Px GesbxwZgvjv mgZvi bxwZ

Ges bvix I cyiæ‡limgvb ÿgZv

c×wZ -4t Dbœq‡bi g~j‡¯ªvZavivq †RÛvi1995 mv‡j †eBwRsG RvwZms‡Ni PZ_z © wek¦ m‡¤§j‡bi gva¨‡g †RÐvi mgZvi ˆewkK¦ †KŠk‡ji mP~ bv Kiv nq| GB c×wZ ‡RÐvi mgZv‡K wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ wb‡b¥v³ bxwZgvjv Abmy Üvb Ki‡e :� †RÐv‡ii cv_©K¨ I AmgZvi †ÿÎ we‡kølY Kiv

� bvix I cyiæ‡li g‡a¨ †RÐvi elg¨ ~ixKi‡Yi Rb¨ †ÿÎ Zix Kiv

†RÛvi AmgZvimgvavb

bvix

Dbœq‡b †RÛvimgZv

Kvh©Kix DbœqbbxwZgvjv

†mg_©b

RÛvi mgZvq†RÛv‡ii

cv_©K¨ wbY©q

Dbqœ ‡bi gjy ‡ vª Zavivq †RÐv‡ii AšfÍ w© z ³ †RÐvi mgZvi jÿ¨‡K mKj Kvhµ© ‡gi gj~ †K› wª e›`‡y Z wb‡q Av‡m A_v© r bxwZgvjv ˆZix, M‡elYv/Abmy Üvb, Awacivgk/© K‡_vcK_b, AvBbcYÖ qb, m¤ú‡`i e›Ub Ges cwiKíbv, ev¯eÍ vqb Ges Kgm© w~ P I Kvhµ© g Z`viwK Kiv| †m hvB‡nvK, 1995 mv‡j †eBwRsG RvwZms‡Ni PZ_z © wek¦ m‡¤§j‡b wm‡Wvi wb‡`k© bv Abhy vqx Dbqœ ‡bi †ÿ‡Î mgšq †Rvi`vi Kivi Rb¨ ÒDbqœ ‡bi gjy ‡ vª Z avivq †RÐv‡ii AšfÍ w© z ³iÓ Dci iæZ¡ Av‡ivc Kiv nq|

†RÛvi we‡klø Y GKwU iæcvšwÍ Zi c×wZi D™e¢ K‡i, hv bvixiv †h ai‡bi mgm¨vi m¤§Ly xb nq, †mme mgm¨vi mgvav‡bi Ki‡Z cv‡i| Dbœq‡bi g~j‡¯ªvZavivq †RÛvi iæZ¡c~Y© †Kb?

c×wZ¸‡jv wbb¥iæc

N. evsjv‡`‡ki g~j‡¯ªvZ avivq †RÐv‡ii cÖwZkÖæwZ

G¸‡jv wb¤œiæc

1. GUv Dbœqb cwiKíbvKvix Ges wm×všÍ MÖnYKvix‡`i bvix m¤úwK©Z wel‡q m‡PZb Ki‡Z cv‡i

2. GwU †KŠkj I cÖwµqv Dbœqb K‡i, hv cÖwZôv‡bi ¶gZv I we‡klvwaKvi m¤ú©K…Z c_ cwieZ©b Ki‡Z cv‡i|

3. GUv msMVb Ges Kg©m~wPi KvVv‡gvi g‡a¨ †RÐvi AmgZv ~i K‡i|

4. GUv m¤ú‡`i b¨vqm½Z e›Ub, my‡hvM Ges Dbœqb avivi mydj cÖvw߇Z GKwU mdj cÖ‡Póv

5. GUv mgv‡Ri Af¨šÍixY mgm¨v Ges AmgZv ~wiKi‡Y Ae`vb ivL‡Z cv‡i|

evsjv‡`k Dbœq‡b †RÛvi AšÍf©zw³i Rb¨ cªwZkÖæwZe×| GB cÖwZkÖæwZi Ask wn‡m‡e evsjv‡`k 1984 mv‡ji 6 b‡f¤^i wm‡Wv mb‡` (bvixi cÖwZ mKj cÖKvi ˆelg¨ `~ixKiY) ¯^v¶i K‡i| miKv‡ii GB cÖwZkÖæwZ evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡b cwi¯‹vi fv‡e eY©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q, †hUv mKj bvMwi‡Ki cÖwZ mgvb AwaKvi Ges AvPi‡Yi wbðqZv cÖ`vb K‡i (hv msweav‡bi 27, 28 (1), 28 (2), 28 (3), 28 (4), 29 (1), 29 (2) Ges 29 (3) Aby‡”Q‡` D‡jøL Av‡Q)| GB eva¨evaKZv Abymv‡i evsjv‡`k miKvi mK‡ji Rb¨ mgvb AwaKvi wbwðZ Ges bvix I †g‡q wkky myi¶vi Rb¨ GKvwaK AvBb I Aa¨v‡`k Rvwi K‡i‡Q|

� †dŠR`vix Kvh©wewa, 1898

� †`Iqvbx Kvh©wewa, 1908

� A‰bwZK gvbe cvPvi AvBb, 1933

� gvZ…Z¡Kvjxb myweav AvBb, 1939

� gymwjg cvwievwiK AvBb Aa¨v‡`k, 1961

� wkï AvBb, 1974

� gymwjg weevn I ZvjvK (wbeÜb) AvBb, 1974

� †hŠZzK wbwl×KiY AvBb, 1980 (aviv bs. 35 1980)

� wkï weevn wb‡iva AvBb, 1929 (ms‡kvawb 1984)

� cvwievwiK Av`vjZ Aa¨v‡`k, 1985

� bvix I wkï wbh©vZb †iva AvBb, 2000

� cvwievwiK wbhv©Zb (myiÿv I cÖwZ‡iva AvBb, 2010)

� wn›`y weevn wbeÜb wej, 2012

†m mv‡_, miKvi bvixi AMÖMwZi Rb¨ RvwZms‡Ni gvb`Ð Abymv‡i †eBwRs cøvUd‡g©i mv‡_ m½wZ †i‡L ÒRvZxq bvix Dbœqb bxwZ-2011Ó I ÒRvZxq cwiKíbv bxwZÓ Pvjy K‡i‡Q| wfkb 2010-2021 Abymv‡i evsjv‡`k 6ô cÂevwl©Kx cwiKíbv ˆZixi mgq †RÛvi mgZv‡K g~j†¯ªvZavivi mv‡_ hy³ K‡i‡Q| evsjv‡`‡k wek¦ cÖPviYvi Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask wn‡m‡e RvwZms‡Ni we‡kl †Nvlbv Abyhvqx wbb¥wjwLZ we‡kl w`b¸‡jv Drhvcb Ki‡e|

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv49 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 50

� 8 gvP©: AvšÍR©vwZK bvix w`em

� 15 A‡±vei: AvšÍR©vwZK MÖvgxY bvix w`em

� 25 b‡f¤^i: AvšÍR©vwZK bvix wbh©vZb ~ixKiY w`em

evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii cÖ‡Póvi d‡j (†emiKvix ms¯’vmn) GgwWwRi j¶¨gvÎv AR©‡bi †ÿ‡Î wKQzUv `„k¨gvb AMÖMwZ n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ †RÐvi cv_©‡K¨i Kvi‡Y bvix I cyiæ‡li gv‡S we`¨gvb elg¨ n«vm Avkvbyiæc gvÎvq „k¨gvb nq wb, †hLv‡b mgv‡Ri cÖwZwU gvbyl ghv©`v I mb¥v‡bi mv‡_ Rxeb avib Ki‡Z cv‡i|

Aa¨vqmykvm‡bi aviYv

Aa¨vq PZz_©

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv51

� 8 gvP©: AvšÍR©vwZK bvix w`em

� 15 A‡±vei: AvšÍR©vwZK MÖvgxY bvix w`em

� 25 b‡f¤^i: AvšÍR©vwZK bvix wbh©vZb ~ixKiY w`em

evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii cÖ‡Póvi d‡j (†emiKvix ms¯’vmn) GgwWwRi j¶¨gvÎv AR©‡bi †ÿ‡Î wKQzUv `„k¨gvb AMÖMwZ n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ †RÐvi cv_©‡K¨i Kvi‡Y bvix I cyiæ‡li gv‡S we`¨gvb elg¨ n«vm Avkvbyiæc gvÎvq „k¨gvb nq wb, †hLv‡b mgv‡Ri cÖwZwU gvbyl ghv©`v I mb¥v‡bi mv‡_ Rxeb avib Ki‡Z cv‡i|

Aa¨vqmykvm‡bi aviYv

Aa¨vq PZz_©

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv51

†Kvb †`‡ki mykv‡bi Ae¯’v wb‡Pi 6wU Dcv`vb Øviv cwigvc Kiv hvq 1. evK¯^vaxbZv Ges evwn¨K Revew`wnZv

2. ivR‰bwZK w¯’wZkxjZv Ges mwnsmZv, Aciva Ges mš¿v‡mi gvÎv KZUv mnbxq/ Kg

3. Kvh©Ki kvmb e¨e¯’v (cwjwm Zix Kivi †hvM¨Zv, AvgjvZš¿ Ges RbM‡Yi †mev cÖ`vb)

4. gvb wbqš¿‡bi ¶gZv

5. AvB‡bi kvmb Ges

6. `ybx©wZ wbqš¿b

hw` Avgiv mykvmb cÖYqb Ki‡Z PvB, Zvn‡j RbM‡Yi evK ¯^vaxbZv‡K ¯^xKvi Kiv DwPZ, †hb Zviv wb‡R‡`i‡K msNwUZ K‡i Zv‡`i Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ Kvh©µg MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i| Zvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb MYZvwš¿K aviv, KvVv‡gv, HwZn¨ Ges bxwZ hvi gva¨‡g Zvivt

� Aswk`vwiZ¡ wVK Kiv;

� KZ…©cÿ wbav©ib Kiv ;

� KZ„©‡Z¡i h_vh_ Abykxjb wbwðZ Kiv;

� Zv‡`i wm×v‡šÍi ev¯Íevqb I Kvh©KixKiY;

� wm×všÍ cÖ‡YZv‡`i‡K vqe×Zvi g‡a¨ ivLv;

� fwel¨r w`K wb‡`©kbv wVK Kiv

� Zv‡`i AwaKvi Ges ^v_© welq wb‡q Ab¨‡`i mv‡_ mgSZvq Avmv;

ivóª

evRvimykxjmgvR

kvmb: cwiPvjbvi †ÿ‡Î 3wU cÖavb AbyNUK

ivóªAbyK~j ivR‰bwZK, AvBbMZGes A_©‰bwZK cwi‡ek ˆZix K‡i

evRviRbM‡Yi Rb¨ my‡hvM ˆZix n‡”Q

mykxjmgvRAskMÖn‡Y RbMY‡K DØy×KiY

PZz_© Aa¨vq

GB Aa¨vq †k‡l AskMÖnYKvixiv hv Rvb‡eb: � mykvm‡bi avibv I A_© eyS†Z cvi‡eb

� mykvm‡bi Dcv`vb mgyn Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb

� mykvmb I gvbevwaKvi Gi g‡a¨ cÖavb cªavb †hvMm~Î Ges evsjv‡`‡k mykvmb cÖwZôvq m¤¢ve¨ P¨v‡jÄ mg~n Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb

K. kvmb Kv‡K e‡j?

L. mykvmb Kv‡K e‡j?

M. mykvm‡bi g~j Dcv`vb mgyn

N. mykvmb Ges gvbevwaKv‡ii g‡a¨ ‡hvMm~Î?

O. mymvkb cÖwZôvq cÖavb euvavmgyn (evsjv‡`‡ki ‡cÖ¶vc‡U)

mvaviYfv‡e kvmb n‡”Q GKwU wm×všÍ MÖn‡Yi Ges wm×všÍ ev¯Íevq‡bi cÖwµqv(ev¯Íevqb bvI n‡Z cv‡i)| †hgb:

� evwYwR¨K kvmb

� AvšÍ©RvwZK kvmb

� RvZxq kvmb, Ges

� ¯’vbxq kvmb

Gkxqv Dbœqb e¨vsK (1995) Gi fvlvq, kvmb n‡”Q GKwU †`‡ki A_©‰bwZK I mvgvwRK m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvq ÿgZvi Abykxjb|

BD‡ivcxq BDwbq‡bi (BD) g‡Z, kvmb n‡jv bxwZ, cÖwµqv Ges AvPvi‡Yi djvdj †hLv‡b evK ^vaxbZv, AskMÖnY, Revew`nxZv, Kvh©KwiZv Ges m½wZc~Y© gvÎvq ÿgZvi Abykxjb Kiv nq|

� wKfv‡e ¶gZvi fvMvfvwM Kiv nq?

� ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wm×všÍ †bevi KZ…Z¡ Kv‡`i?

� wKfv‡e wm×všÍ cÖ‡qvM Kiv DwPr?

� RbMY (hviv wm×všÍ MªnY K‡i) wKfv‡e vqe×?

mymvk‡bi aviYv: aviYv,A_©, Dcv`vb, g~jbxwZ Ges D`vniY

GB Aa¨v‡qi D‡Ïk¨

Aa¨v‡qi welqe¯‘

G wel‡q GUv ejv hvq †h, kvmb ÿgZv, KZ…©Z¡ (wm×všÍ MªnY) Ges bxwZgvjvi mv‡_ cwiPvwjZ nq, Zv n‡jv

K. kvmb Kv‡K e‡j?

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv53 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 54

†Kvb †`‡ki mykv‡bi Ae¯’v wb‡Pi 6wU Dcv`vb Øviv cwigvc Kiv hvq 1. evK¯^vaxbZv Ges evwn¨K Revew`wnZv

2. ivR‰bwZK w¯’wZkxjZv Ges mwnsmZv, Aciva Ges mš¿v‡mi gvÎv KZUv mnbxq/ Kg

3. Kvh©Ki kvmb e¨e¯’v (cwjwm Zix Kivi †hvM¨Zv, AvgjvZš¿ Ges RbM‡Yi †mev cÖ`vb)

4. gvb wbqš¿‡bi ¶gZv

5. AvB‡bi kvmb Ges

6. `ybx©wZ wbqš¿b

hw` Avgiv mykvmb cÖYqb Ki‡Z PvB, Zvn‡j RbM‡Yi evK ¯^vaxbZv‡K ¯^xKvi Kiv DwPZ, †hb Zviv wb‡R‡`i‡K msNwUZ K‡i Zv‡`i Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ Kvh©µg MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i| Zvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb MYZvwš¿K aviv, KvVv‡gv, HwZn¨ Ges bxwZ hvi gva¨‡g Zvivt

� Aswk`vwiZ¡ wVK Kiv;

� KZ…©cÿ wbav©ib Kiv ;

� KZ„©‡Z¡i h_vh_ Abykxjb wbwðZ Kiv;

� Zv‡`i wm×v‡šÍi ev¯Íevqb I Kvh©KixKiY;

� wm×všÍ cÖ‡YZv‡`i‡K vqe×Zvi g‡a¨ ivLv;

� fwel¨r w`K wb‡`©kbv wVK Kiv

� Zv‡`i AwaKvi Ges ^v_© welq wb‡q Ab¨‡`i mv‡_ mgSZvq Avmv;

ivóª

evRvimykxjmgvR

kvmb: cwiPvjbvi †ÿ‡Î 3wU cÖavb AbyNUK

ivóªAbyK~j ivR‰bwZK, AvBbMZGes A_©‰bwZK cwi‡ek ˆZix K‡i

evRviRbM‡Yi Rb¨ my‡hvM ˆZix n‡”Q

mykxjmgvRAskMÖn‡Y RbMY‡K DØy×KiY

PZz_© Aa¨vq

GB Aa¨vq †k‡l AskMÖnYKvixiv hv Rvb‡eb: � mykvm‡bi avibv I A_© eyS†Z cvi‡eb

� mykvm‡bi Dcv`vb mgyn Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb

� mykvmb I gvbevwaKvi Gi g‡a¨ cÖavb cªavb †hvMm~Î Ges evsjv‡`‡k mykvmb cÖwZôvq m¤¢ve¨ P¨v‡jÄ mg~n Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb

K. kvmb Kv‡K e‡j?

L. mykvmb Kv‡K e‡j?

M. mykvm‡bi g~j Dcv`vb mgyn

N. mykvmb Ges gvbevwaKv‡ii g‡a¨ ‡hvMm~Î?

O. mymvkb cÖwZôvq cÖavb euvavmgyn (evsjv‡`‡ki ‡cÖ¶vc‡U)

mvaviYfv‡e kvmb n‡”Q GKwU wm×všÍ MÖn‡Yi Ges wm×všÍ ev¯Íevq‡bi cÖwµqv(ev¯Íevqb bvI n‡Z cv‡i)| †hgb:

� evwYwR¨K kvmb

� AvšÍ©RvwZK kvmb

� RvZxq kvmb, Ges

� ¯’vbxq kvmb

Gkxqv Dbœqb e¨vsK (1995) Gi fvlvq, kvmb n‡”Q GKwU †`‡ki A_©‰bwZK I mvgvwRK m¤ú` e¨e¯’vcbvq ÿgZvi Abykxjb|

BD‡ivcxq BDwbq‡bi (BD) g‡Z, kvmb n‡jv bxwZ, cÖwµqv Ges AvPvi‡Yi djvdj †hLv‡b evK ^vaxbZv, AskMÖnY, Revew`nxZv, Kvh©KwiZv Ges m½wZc~Y© gvÎvq ÿgZvi Abykxjb Kiv nq|

� wKfv‡e ¶gZvi fvMvfvwM Kiv nq?

� ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wm×všÍ †bevi KZ…Z¡ Kv‡`i?

� wKfv‡e wm×všÍ cÖ‡qvM Kiv DwPr?

� RbMY (hviv wm×všÍ MªnY K‡i) wKfv‡e vqe×?

mymvk‡bi aviYv: aviYv,A_©, Dcv`vb, g~jbxwZ Ges D`vniY

GB Aa¨v‡qi D‡Ïk¨

Aa¨v‡qi welqe¯‘

G wel‡q GUv ejv hvq †h, kvmb ÿgZv, KZ…©Z¡ (wm×všÍ MªnY) Ges bxwZgvjvi mv‡_ cwiPvwjZ nq, Zv n‡jv

K. kvmb Kv‡K e‡j?

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv53 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 54

wKš‘ ev¯ÍeZv n‡jv, Dbœqbkxj †`‡k kw³ (ÿgZv, KZ…Z¡ Ges bxwZ) me mgq mwVKfv‡e mykvmb Øviv cwiPvwjZ nq bv| GB kw³ miKvi‡K mykvm‡bi KvVv‡gv n‡Z mwi‡q wb‡q hvq|

kvmb gvb`Ðgvb`Ð

RwZmsN gvbevwaKvi Kwgkb †iRy‡jkb 2000/64

miKvi Ges kvm‡bi g‡a¨ g~j cv_©K¨

miKvi

kvmb

mÁv

wek¦ e¨vs‡Ki g‡Z, mykvmb n‡”Q

miKvi n‡”Q iv‡óªi Af¨šÍixY I ewnt¯’ ^v_© iÿvq cÖvwZôvwbK e¨e¯’vcbvi gva¨‡g mve©‡fŠg ÿgvi Abykxjb|

kvmb n‡”Q mgv‡Ri ¯^v_© iÿvq KZ…©c‡ÿi wm×v‡šÍi cÖwµqvMZ djvdj| GmKv‡ci msÁvg‡Z, kvmb n‡”Q wm×všÍ MÖnY Ges wm×všÍ ev¯Íevq‡bi cÖwµqv|

mykvmb GKwU MYZvwš¿K KvVv‡gvi g‡a¨ ¶ I Kvh©Ki cÖkvmb| GwU Awfó jÿ¨ AR©b Ges cÖkvmwbK gvb Dbœq‡b mgvb hv gvby‡li Rxe‡bi gvb Dbœq‡b cÖwZkÖywZe×| GwU D”P ch©v‡qi mvsMVwbK Kvh©KvixZvi wb`k©Y| GwU †K›`ªxq ivR‰bwZK ¶gZvi mÿgZv Ges cÖkvmwbK c×wZi gva¨‡g mgv‡Ri D™¢zZ euvav mg~‡ni DËib NUvq| GUv AwaKZi `¶Zv, ˆeaZv I wek¦vm‡hvM¨Zv ’vc‡bi Rb¨ kvmb cÖwµqvq bZzb gvÎv †hvM K‡i| GUv bvMwiK evÜe, g~j¨en Ges gvby‡li mv‡_ fvMvfvwM †hvM¨ Kvh©Kix, wek¦vm‡hvM¨ Ges ea cÖkvmwbK e¨e¯’v Av‡ivc K‡i|

myZivs mykvmb vex K‡i miKvi ïay cÖwZwbwaZ¡ Ki‡e bv eis kvm‡bi Rb¨ mvov cÖ`vbKvix n‡e|

mykvmb n‡”Q ‡Kvb †`‡ki m¤ú` I Kvh©µg ev¯Íevq‡b ÿ e¨e¯’vcbv hv †Lvjv‡gjv, ^”Q, vqe×, b¨vq msMZ Ges gvby‡li Pvwn`v c~i‡Y mvov cÖ`vbKvix|

� bvMwiK e¨e¯v’ cbvq ÿ (`¶Zv, KvhK© vixZv Ges wgZe¨qx)

� Revew`wnZv

� wewbgq Ges Z‡_¨i Aeva cÖevn (¯^”QZv)

� Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ GKwU AvBwb KvVv‡gv (†hgbt wePvi, gvbevwaKv‡ii cÖwZ mb¥vb I ^vaxbZv)

AZGe, Avgiv ej‡Z cvwi †h, mykvmb n‡jv ¯^”QZv, Revew`wnZv Ges miKv‡ii AskMÖnb cÖwµqvq wek¦vm †Rvi`vi Kiv hv Kvh©Kifv‡e, ÿZvi mv‡_ Ges ªæZ mvov cÖ`v‡bi gva¨‡g bvMwiK †mev cÖ`vb Ki‡Z cv‡i|

L. mykvmb Kv‡K e‡j?

M. mykvm‡bi g~j Dcv`vb mykvmb n‡jv GKwU Av`wk©K welq hv miKv‡ii f~wgKvi †ÿ‡Î D`vniY| mykvmb Av`wk©K wKQz gvb`‡Ði mv‡_ cwiPvwjZ nq hv cyivcywi AR©b Kiv KwVb| mykvm‡bi Av`wk©K welq mv‡eK gvbevwaKvi Kwgk‡bi Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q| †iRy‡jkb 2000/64 Abymv‡i Kwgkb mykvm‡bi g~j Dcv`vb mg~n wPwýZ K‡i‡Qb|

� ¯^”QZv

� Revew`wnZv

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mykvmb

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wPÎ: mykvm‡bi g~j welq mgyn

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv55 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 56

wKš‘ ev¯ÍeZv n‡jv, Dbœqbkxj †`‡k kw³ (ÿgZv, KZ…Z¡ Ges bxwZ) me mgq mwVKfv‡e mykvmb Øviv cwiPvwjZ nq bv| GB kw³ miKvi‡K mykvm‡bi KvVv‡gv n‡Z mwi‡q wb‡q hvq|

kvmb gvb`Ðgvb`Ð

RwZmsN gvbevwaKvi Kwgkb †iRy‡jkb 2000/64

miKvi Ges kvm‡bi g‡a¨ g~j cv_©K¨

miKvi

kvmb

mÁv

wek¦ e¨vs‡Ki g‡Z, mykvmb n‡”Q

miKvi n‡”Q iv‡óªi Af¨šÍixY I ewnt¯’ ^v_© iÿvq cÖvwZôvwbK e¨e¯’vcbvi gva¨‡g mve©‡fŠg ÿgvi Abykxjb|

kvmb n‡”Q mgv‡Ri ¯^v_© iÿvq KZ…©c‡ÿi wm×v‡šÍi cÖwµqvMZ djvdj| GmKv‡ci msÁvg‡Z, kvmb n‡”Q wm×všÍ MÖnY Ges wm×všÍ ev¯Íevq‡bi cÖwµqv|

mykvmb GKwU MYZvwš¿K KvVv‡gvi g‡a¨ ¶ I Kvh©Ki cÖkvmb| GwU Awfó jÿ¨ AR©b Ges cÖkvmwbK gvb Dbœq‡b mgvb hv gvby‡li Rxe‡bi gvb Dbœq‡b cÖwZkÖywZe×| GwU D”P ch©v‡qi mvsMVwbK Kvh©KvixZvi wb`k©Y| GwU †K›`ªxq ivR‰bwZK ¶gZvi mÿgZv Ges cÖkvmwbK c×wZi gva¨‡g mgv‡Ri D™¢zZ euvav mg~‡ni DËib NUvq| GUv AwaKZi `¶Zv, ˆeaZv I wek¦vm‡hvM¨Zv ’vc‡bi Rb¨ kvmb cÖwµqvq bZzb gvÎv †hvM K‡i| GUv bvMwiK evÜe, g~j¨en Ges gvby‡li mv‡_ fvMvfvwM †hvM¨ Kvh©Kix, wek¦vm‡hvM¨ Ges ea cÖkvmwbK e¨e¯’v Av‡ivc K‡i|

myZivs mykvmb vex K‡i miKvi ïay cÖwZwbwaZ¡ Ki‡e bv eis kvm‡bi Rb¨ mvov cÖ`vbKvix n‡e|

mykvmb n‡”Q ‡Kvb †`‡ki m¤ú` I Kvh©µg ev¯Íevq‡b ÿ e¨e¯’vcbv hv †Lvjv‡gjv, ^”Q, vqe×, b¨vq msMZ Ges gvby‡li Pvwn`v c~i‡Y mvov cÖ`vbKvix|

� bvMwiK e¨e¯v’ cbvq ÿ (`¶Zv, KvhK© vixZv Ges wgZe¨qx)

� Revew`wnZv

� wewbgq Ges Z‡_¨i Aeva cÖevn (¯^”QZv)

� Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ GKwU AvBwb KvVv‡gv (†hgbt wePvi, gvbevwaKv‡ii cÖwZ mb¥vb I ^vaxbZv)

AZGe, Avgiv ej‡Z cvwi †h, mykvmb n‡jv ¯^”QZv, Revew`wnZv Ges miKv‡ii AskMÖnb cÖwµqvq wek¦vm †Rvi`vi Kiv hv Kvh©Kifv‡e, ÿZvi mv‡_ Ges ªæZ mvov cÖ`v‡bi gva¨‡g bvMwiK †mev cÖ`vb Ki‡Z cv‡i|

L. mykvmb Kv‡K e‡j?

M. mykvm‡bi g~j Dcv`vb mykvmb n‡jv GKwU Av`wk©K welq hv miKv‡ii f~wgKvi †ÿ‡Î D`vniY| mykvmb Av`wk©K wKQz gvb`‡Ði mv‡_ cwiPvwjZ nq hv cyivcywi AR©b Kiv KwVb| mykvm‡bi Av`wk©K welq mv‡eK gvbevwaKvi Kwgk‡bi Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q| †iRy‡jkb 2000/64 Abymv‡i Kwgkb mykvm‡bi g~j Dcv`vb mg~n wPwýZ K‡i‡Qb|

� ¯^”QZv

� Revew`wnZv

� AskMÖnY

� KZ©e¨‡eva

� `ªæZ mvov cÖ`vbKvix (RbM‡Yi Pvwn`v Abymv‡i)

mykvmb

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2. Revew`wnZv

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5. ªæZ mvov cÖ`vb

¯^”QZv n‡”Q gvb`‡Ði bxwZgvjv I cÖweav‡bi mv‡_ wgj †i‡L wmÏvšÍ MÖnY I Kvh©Kix KiY| †m †ÿ‡Î wm×šÍ MÖn‡Yi Z_¨vejx chv©ß, mnRjf¨, mn‡R †evaMg¨ Ges RbM‡Yi cÖ‡ekvwaKvi _vK‡Z n‡e| we‡kl K‡i GB wm×v‡šÍi d‡j hviv ÿwZMÖ¯’ n‡”Q Zv‡`i Kv‡Q Z‡_¨i cÖ‡ekvwaKvi _vK‡Z n‡e| †hgb:

� we`¨gvb AvBb welqK Z_¨

� bvMwiK †mevi g~j¨

� RbM‡Yi m¤úwËi cwimsL¨vb

� bvMwi‡Ki µq bxwZgvjv

Revew`wnZv n‡jv vwqZ¡ evnK (†mev cÖ`vbKvix) ev AvgjvZš¿ hv K‡i ev hv K‡i bv Zvi Rb¨ Zv‡`i Revew`wn Kiv DwPr| GUv ïaygvÎ miKv‡ii Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨ bq eis †emiKvix ms¯’v I mykxj mgv‡Ri Rb¨I cÖ‡hvR¨| GUv ÿwZMÖ¯’ e¨w³‡K ÿgZvqb K‡i †h, wm×všÍ Øviv mswkøó AbyNUK KZ…©K ÿwZMÖ¯’ n‡q‡Q| GUv ^”QZv Ges AvB‡bi kvmb Qvov cÖ‡qvM Kiv hv‡ebv| †hgb:

� gš¿xcwil` msm‡`i Kv‡Q Revew`wn Ki‡e (gwš¿cwil` kvwmZ MYZvwš¿K ivóª †hgb - evsjv‡`k) Ges

� ¯’vbxq miKvi cÖwZôvb Zvi wbe©vPKgÐjxi Kv‡Q ev Zvi GjvKvi wbe©vPbx e¨w³‡`i wbKU Revew`wn Ki‡Z eva¨|

AskMÖnY n‡”Q RbMY KZgvÎvq bxwZgvjv cÖ¯‘‡Z Ges Dbœqb cÖwµqvi mv‡_ m¤ú„³| Gi A_© miKvix Kg©KZv© ev Kg©Pvixe„›` Ggb cwi‡ek ˆZix Ki‡e †hb RbMY mwZ¨Kvi A‡_© Dbœqb cÖwµqvq AskMÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i| RbM‡Yi AskMÖnY wZbwU Dcv‡q wbwðZ Kiv hv‡e|

cÖ_gZ t Dbœq‡bi myweav‡fvMx wn‡m‡ewØZxqZ t Dbœq‡b †÷K‡nvìvi I wm×všÍ MÖnYKvix wn‡m‡eZ…ZxqZ t hviv Dbœqb Kvh©µg ev¯Íevqb K‡i Zv‡`i Kg©KZv© Ges mvnvh¨Kvix ms¯’v‡K euvav cÖ`vb Kiv|

†hgb t BDwbqb cwil‡`i ev‡RU cÖYq‡b bvMixK‡`i Avgš¿Y Rvbv‡bv nq Ges ev‡RU Aby‡gv`‡bi Rb¨ GUv iKvi c‡o|

`vwqZ¡‡eva n‡jv MYZ‡š¿i g~j wfwË hv Revew`wnZvi bxwZØviv cwiPvwjZ nq| GUv `vwqZ¡c~Y© miKvi, †emiKvix msMVb Ges mykxj mgvR MV‡b Ae`vb iv‡L hviv cÖMwZkxj Dbœq‡b Zv‡`i vwqZ¡ Ges KZ©e¨cvjb K‡i|

RvZxq AvBb cÖ‡qv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î AvBb cÖ‡qvMKvix ms¯’vi KZ©©e¨ n‡jv bxwZgvjv †g‡b Pjv |

`ªæZ mvov cÖ`v‡bi A_© n‡jv †mev cÖ`vbKvixi mÿgZv, ms‡e`bkxjZv Ges Dbœq‡bi †ÿ‡Î djcÖmy movcÖ`v‡b bgbxqZv(miKvix, †emiKvix Ges mykxj mgvR)| GUv RbM‡Yi Pvwn`v Ges myweav wbiæc‡bi gva¨‡g mykxj mgv‡Ri cÖZ¨vkv we‡ePbv K‡i| GUv

KZ…cÿ‡K Pjgvb AvBb, bxwZ Ges cÖwµqv my²fv‡e cybtcixÿv I chv©‡jvPbv Ki‡ZI ms‡e`bkxj K‡i| GUv hwy³ msMZ mg‡qi g‡a¨ cÖvwZôvwbK Kvh©KvwiZv Ges cÖwµhvi gva¨‡g jwÿZ Rb‡Mvwôi wbKU †mev †cŠu‡Q w`‡e GUvB cÖZ¨vkv K‡i| 1997 mv‡j RwZ ms‡Ni †UKmB gvbweK Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ kvmb cÖwZ‡e`‡b mykvm‡bi wbb¥wjwLZ ‰ewkóMywj D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q|

� AskMªnb

� AvB‡bi kvmb

� ¯^”QZv

� Revew`wnZv

� `ªæZ mvov cÖ`vb

� HK¨g‡Zi Dci aviYv

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� Kvh©KvixZv Ges ¶Zv

� †KŠkjMZ „wó

mykvmb Ges gvbevwaKvi cvi¯úvwiKfv‡e †Rvi`vi Kiv nq| gvbevwaKv‡ii g~jbxwZmg~n miKv‡ii, Ab¨vb¨ ivR‰bwZK j Ges mvgvwRK msMV‡bi Kv‡Ri g~j¨‡eva wel‡q wb‡`©kbv w`‡q‡Q| GUv msMVbmg~n‡K Zv‡`i Kv‡Ri ¯^”QZv Ges Revew`wnZvi gvb`ÐI w`‡q‡Q| Ab¨w`‡K, mykvmb Ges gvbevwaKvi e¨wZ‡i‡K †UKmB AvPi‡Yi g‡a¨ mb¥vwbZ Ges myiwÿZ nIqv hvq bv| gvbevwaKvi ev¯Íevqb mnvqK Ges mÿg cwi‡e‡ki Dci wbf©i K‡i| GUv mwZ¨Kvi AvBb KvVv‡gv Ges cÖwZôvb‡K AšÍ©fz³ K‡i; AviI ivR‰bwZK, e¨e¯’vcbv Ges cÖkvmwbK cÖwµqv‡K RbM‡Yi Pvwn`v Ges AwaKv‡ii cÖwZ ªæZ mvovcÖ`v‡b vwqZ¡c~Y© K‡i|

mn¯ªv‡ãi †NvlYvq ejv n‡q‡Q †h, wek¦ †bÎxe„›` Zv‡`i cÖwZkÖæwZi g‡a¨ MYZš¿ Ges AvB‡bi kvmb wbwð‡Zi K_v e‡j‡Qb Ges †mB mv‡_ Dbœq‡bi AwaKvimn AvšÍ©RvwZK fv‡e ^xK…Z gvbevwaKvi I †gŠwjK ^vaxbZvi cÖwZ m¤§v‡bi K_v e‡j‡Qb|

RvwZms‡N mykvm‡bi wKQz g~jbxwZ wbav©ib K‡i‡Q, gvbevwaKv‡ii mv‡_ †h¸‡jvi †hvMmyÎ i‡q‡Q| †h¸‡jv wbb¥iæct� MYZvwš¿K miKvi Ges cÖwµqv mgyn

� Kvh©Kix miKvix cÖwZôvbmg~n

� cÖavb AvBb Ges GKwU wbi‡c¶ I Kvh©Ki AvBbx e¨e¯’v

� GKwU kw³kvjx mykxj mgvR

� RbM‡Yi wewb‡qv‡Mi ‡ÿ‡Î AMÖvwaKvi

� RvZxq A_©bxwZi †ÿ‡Î mZK©Zvg~jK e¨e¯’vcbv

N. mykvmb Ges gvbevwaKv‡ii g‡a¨ †hvMm~Î

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¯^”QZv n‡”Q gvb`‡Ði bxwZgvjv I cÖweav‡bi mv‡_ wgj †i‡L wmÏvšÍ MÖnY I Kvh©Kix KiY| †m †ÿ‡Î wm×šÍ MÖn‡Yi Z_¨vejx chv©ß, mnRjf¨, mn‡R †evaMg¨ Ges RbM‡Yi cÖ‡ekvwaKvi _vK‡Z n‡e| we‡kl K‡i GB wm×v‡šÍi d‡j hviv ÿwZMÖ¯’ n‡”Q Zv‡`i Kv‡Q Z‡_¨i cÖ‡ekvwaKvi _vK‡Z n‡e| †hgb:

� we`¨gvb AvBb welqK Z_¨

� bvMwiK †mevi g~j¨

� RbM‡Yi m¤úwËi cwimsL¨vb

� bvMwi‡Ki µq bxwZgvjv

Revew`wnZv n‡jv vwqZ¡ evnK (†mev cÖ`vbKvix) ev AvgjvZš¿ hv K‡i ev hv K‡i bv Zvi Rb¨ Zv‡`i Revew`wn Kiv DwPr| GUv ïaygvÎ miKv‡ii Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨ bq eis †emiKvix ms¯’v I mykxj mgv‡Ri Rb¨I cÖ‡hvR¨| GUv ÿwZMÖ¯’ e¨w³‡K ÿgZvqb K‡i †h, wm×všÍ Øviv mswkøó AbyNUK KZ…©K ÿwZMÖ¯’ n‡q‡Q| GUv ^”QZv Ges AvB‡bi kvmb Qvov cÖ‡qvM Kiv hv‡ebv| †hgb:

� gš¿xcwil` msm‡`i Kv‡Q Revew`wn Ki‡e (gwš¿cwil` kvwmZ MYZvwš¿K ivóª †hgb - evsjv‡`k) Ges

� ¯’vbxq miKvi cÖwZôvb Zvi wbe©vPKgÐjxi Kv‡Q ev Zvi GjvKvi wbe©vPbx e¨w³‡`i wbKU Revew`wn Ki‡Z eva¨|

AskMÖnY n‡”Q RbMY KZgvÎvq bxwZgvjv cÖ¯‘‡Z Ges Dbœqb cÖwµqvi mv‡_ m¤ú„³| Gi A_© miKvix Kg©KZv© ev Kg©Pvixe„›` Ggb cwi‡ek ˆZix Ki‡e †hb RbMY mwZ¨Kvi A‡_© Dbœqb cÖwµqvq AskMÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i| RbM‡Yi AskMÖnY wZbwU Dcv‡q wbwðZ Kiv hv‡e|

cÖ_gZ t Dbœq‡bi myweav‡fvMx wn‡m‡ewØZxqZ t Dbœq‡b †÷K‡nvìvi I wm×všÍ MÖnYKvix wn‡m‡eZ…ZxqZ t hviv Dbœqb Kvh©µg ev¯Íevqb K‡i Zv‡`i Kg©KZv© Ges mvnvh¨Kvix ms¯’v‡K euvav cÖ`vb Kiv|

†hgb t BDwbqb cwil‡`i ev‡RU cÖYq‡b bvMixK‡`i Avgš¿Y Rvbv‡bv nq Ges ev‡RU Aby‡gv`‡bi Rb¨ GUv iKvi c‡o|

`vwqZ¡‡eva n‡jv MYZ‡š¿i g~j wfwË hv Revew`wnZvi bxwZØviv cwiPvwjZ nq| GUv `vwqZ¡c~Y© miKvi, †emiKvix msMVb Ges mykxj mgvR MV‡b Ae`vb iv‡L hviv cÖMwZkxj Dbœq‡b Zv‡`i vwqZ¡ Ges KZ©e¨cvjb K‡i|

RvZxq AvBb cÖ‡qv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î AvBb cÖ‡qvMKvix ms¯’vi KZ©©e¨ n‡jv bxwZgvjv †g‡b Pjv |

`ªæZ mvov cÖ`v‡bi A_© n‡jv †mev cÖ`vbKvixi mÿgZv, ms‡e`bkxjZv Ges Dbœq‡bi †ÿ‡Î djcÖmy movcÖ`v‡b bgbxqZv(miKvix, †emiKvix Ges mykxj mgvR)| GUv RbM‡Yi Pvwn`v Ges myweav wbiæc‡bi gva¨‡g mykxj mgv‡Ri cÖZ¨vkv we‡ePbv K‡i| GUv

KZ…cÿ‡K Pjgvb AvBb, bxwZ Ges cÖwµqv my²fv‡e cybtcixÿv I chv©‡jvPbv Ki‡ZI ms‡e`bkxj K‡i| GUv hwy³ msMZ mg‡qi g‡a¨ cÖvwZôvwbK Kvh©KvwiZv Ges cÖwµhvi gva¨‡g jwÿZ Rb‡Mvwôi wbKU †mev †cŠu‡Q w`‡e GUvB cÖZ¨vkv K‡i| 1997 mv‡j RwZ ms‡Ni †UKmB gvbweK Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ kvmb cÖwZ‡e`‡b mykvm‡bi wbb¥wjwLZ ‰ewkóMywj D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q|

� AskMªnb

� AvB‡bi kvmb

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� Revew`wnZv

� `ªæZ mvov cÖ`vb

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� Kvh©KvixZv Ges ¶Zv

� †KŠkjMZ „wó

mykvmb Ges gvbevwaKvi cvi¯úvwiKfv‡e †Rvi`vi Kiv nq| gvbevwaKv‡ii g~jbxwZmg~n miKv‡ii, Ab¨vb¨ ivR‰bwZK j Ges mvgvwRK msMV‡bi Kv‡Ri g~j¨‡eva wel‡q wb‡`©kbv w`‡q‡Q| GUv msMVbmg~n‡K Zv‡`i Kv‡Ri ¯^”QZv Ges Revew`wnZvi gvb`ÐI w`‡q‡Q| Ab¨w`‡K, mykvmb Ges gvbevwaKvi e¨wZ‡i‡K †UKmB AvPi‡Yi g‡a¨ mb¥vwbZ Ges myiwÿZ nIqv hvq bv| gvbevwaKvi ev¯Íevqb mnvqK Ges mÿg cwi‡e‡ki Dci wbf©i K‡i| GUv mwZ¨Kvi AvBb KvVv‡gv Ges cÖwZôvb‡K AšÍ©fz³ K‡i; AviI ivR‰bwZK, e¨e¯’vcbv Ges cÖkvmwbK cÖwµqv‡K RbM‡Yi Pvwn`v Ges AwaKv‡ii cÖwZ ªæZ mvovcÖ`v‡b vwqZ¡c~Y© K‡i|

mn¯ªv‡ãi †NvlYvq ejv n‡q‡Q †h, wek¦ †bÎxe„›` Zv‡`i cÖwZkÖæwZi g‡a¨ MYZš¿ Ges AvB‡bi kvmb wbwð‡Zi K_v e‡j‡Qb Ges †mB mv‡_ Dbœq‡bi AwaKvimn AvšÍ©RvwZK fv‡e ^xK…Z gvbevwaKvi I †gŠwjK ^vaxbZvi cÖwZ m¤§v‡bi K_v e‡j‡Qb|

RvwZms‡N mykvm‡bi wKQz g~jbxwZ wbav©ib K‡i‡Q, gvbevwaKv‡ii mv‡_ †h¸‡jvi †hvMmyÎ i‡q‡Q| †h¸‡jv wbb¥iæct� MYZvwš¿K miKvi Ges cÖwµqv mgyn

� Kvh©Kix miKvix cÖwZôvbmg~n

� cÖavb AvBb Ges GKwU wbi‡c¶ I Kvh©Ki AvBbx e¨e¯’v

� GKwU kw³kvjx mykxj mgvR

� RbM‡Yi wewb‡qv‡Mi ‡ÿ‡Î AMÖvwaKvi

� RvZxq A_©bxwZi †ÿ‡Î mZK©Zvg~jK e¨e¯’vcbv

N. mykvmb Ges gvbevwaKv‡ii g‡a¨ †hvMm~Î

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cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv57 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 58

AZGe, mykvmb I gvbevwaKv‡ii g‡a¨ PviwU wel‡q †hvMmyÎ Av‡Q| h_v:

mykvmb bxwZ cÖYq‡b Rb AskMÖnb Ges wbev©wPZ Ges wb‡qvMK…Z Kg©KZv©‡`i gv‡S Revew`wnZv wbwð‡Zi gva¨‡g MYZvwš¿K cÖwZôvb c~YtMVb K‡i| GUv bxwZ wbav©i‡b Ges wm×všÍ MÖn‡b mvgvwRK ^v_© †hb cÖvavb¨ cvq †mRb¨ mykxj mgvR‡K AšÍ©fz³ Ki‡Z mÿg K‡i| GB cÖwµqv bvix Ges msL¨vjNy m¤úª`v‡qi AwaKvi iÿvmn wcwQ‡q cov m¤úª`vq‡K AšÍf©z³ Ki‡Z Ae`vb iv‡L |

evsjv‡`‡ki Pjgvb wbev©Pb Kwgkb bvMwiK‡`i †fvUvwaKvi cÖ‡qv‡Mi iæZ¡c~Y© fzwgKv cvjb Ki‡Q|

wkÿv, ¯^v¯’¨ Ges mgvR Kj¨vY †mevmn ivóª Zvi bvMwiK‡`i †mev cÖ`v‡b `vqe×| gvbevwaKvi myiÿvq GB mg¯Í †mevi e¨e¯’v Kiv AZ¨šÍ iæZ¡c~Y© †hgb: evm¯’vb, ^v¯’¨, wkÿv Ges Lv‡`¨i AwaKvi| gvbevwaKv‡ii g~jbxwZ GUv wb‡`©k K‡i ‡h, bvMwiK †mev †hb chv©ß _v‡K, mevB †hb Zv †c‡Z cv‡i Ges ms¯‹…wZMZ fv‡e Zv †hb mevi Kv‡Q MÖnY‡hvM¨ nq we‡kl K‡i AwZ`wi`ª Ges me‡P‡q cÖvwšÍK mgcÖ`v‡qi AwaKvi †hb wbwðZ nq| mykvmb GB jÿ¨ AR©‡b cÖ‡Z¨K e¨w³‡K msMV‡Ki f~wgKvq ‰Zix Ki‡Z Ae`vb iv‡L, ïaygvÎ A_©‰bwZK Ges mgvR Dbœq‡bi DcKvi‡fvMx wn‡m‡e bq|

AvBwmBGmwmAvi, 1966 Gi Aby‡”Q` - 2 Abyhvqx ivóª Pzw³‡Z ¯^xK…Z AwaKv‡ii cÖMwZkxj ev¯Íevq‡b ¸iæZ¡c~Y© c`‡ÿc MÖnY Ki‡Q|

AvB‡bi kvmb g~jZt cÖwZôvb, AvBb Ges AvB‡bi Abykxjb GB wZbwU wb‡q MwVZ hv ÿgZvi cÖ‡qvM †hb mvwjk-wb®úwËi gva¨‡g bv N‡U †mUv cÖwZ‡iva K‡i| GUv AvB‡bi cÖvavb¨ †`q Ges †Kvb e¨w³ AvB‡bi D‡×© bq Zv wb‡`©k K‡i| GUv wbi‡cÿ mgvR, wewfbœ wØav-Ø›Øfz³ m¤úª`v‡qi g‡a¨ m¤úªxwZ m„wó Ges gvby‡li Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ GKUv kvwšÍc~Y© cwi‡ek Zix‡Z Ae`vb iv‡L|

AvBwmwmwcAvi, 1966 Gi Aby‡”Q` - 3 Abyhvqx Òhviv AvBwb mnvqZv wb‡Z cv‡i bv Zv‡`i Rb¨ webvg~‡j¨ AvBb mnvqZv cvevi AwaKvi wbwðZ KivÓ b¨vqwePvi wbwðZ Ki‡Z mgvb my‡hvM Zix Kiv|

`ybx©wZi A_© e¨w³MZ ¯^v‡_©i wewbg‡q miKvwi ÿgZvi Ace¨envi Kiv| wKš‘ kvmb Revew`wnZv, ¯^”QZv, AskMÖnb Ges `vwqZ¡‡ev‡ai mv‡_ cwiPvwjZ nq hv Gi Ace¨envi‡K wbqš¿Y K‡i| ybx©wZ iv‡óªi Kgv©KZv©‡`i Revew`wnZv ye©j K‡i †`q Ges ivóªxq cÖwZôv‡bi ¯^”QZv n«vm K‡i Ges kvw¯Í e¨wZ‡i‡K gvbevwaKvi jONb‡K AbygwZ †`q| GUv †gŠwjK AwaKvi Abyave‡bi †ÿ‡Î †bwZevPK cÖfve †d‡j| GUv we‡kl K‡i AwZ`wi`ª Ges cÖvwšÍK Rb‡Mvwôi AwaKvi cÖvw߇Z ÿwZMÖ¯’ K‡i hviv m¤ú~Y©iæ‡c miKvwi †mevi Dci wbf©ikxj|

1. kw³kvjx MYZvwš¿K cÖwZôvb

Z_¨m~Î

2. †mevi gvb Dbœqb

Z_¨m~Î

3. AvB‡bi kvmb

Z_¨m~Î

4. ybx©wZi weiæ‡× Awfhvb

Z_¨m~Î RvwZms‡Ni ybx©wZ we‡ivax mb` (BDGbwmGwm), 2007 ivóªxq cÖwZôvb‡K ybx©wZ we‡ivax Av‡›`vj‡b mn‡hvMxZv K‡i|

MbZvwš¿KcÖwZôvb

AvBb‡ikvmb Gesb¨vq wePvi

`ybxwZ© gy³mgvR

DbœZ †mevcÖ`vb

mykvmb AwaKv‡ii cÖwZmb¥vb cÖ`k©b

mb¥v‡bimv‡_ evuPv

wPÎ: gvbevwaKvi Ges mykvm‡bi g‡a¨ †gŠwiK ms‡hvM

gh©v`vi mv‡_gvby‡li emev‡mi

wbðqZv

O. mykvmb cÖwZôvq euvav mg~n: (evsjv‡`‡ki †cÖÿvc‡U)ZZ… xq we‡ki¦ †`k wn‡m‡e wewfbœ cwÖ ZØw›`Zv I evavi Kvi‡b evsj‡`‡k kvmb e¨e v’ AZ¨šÍ ey j© | G¸‡jv wb‡P D‡jLø Kiv nj:� gvbevwaKvi j•Nb� `ybx©wZ� ¶gZv Ges KZ…©Z¡ †K›`ªxf~ZKiY� ˆbe©vPwbKZv� `ye©j AvBbmfv I Zvi cÖ‡qvM� cÖwZôvbmg~‡ni ye©jfv‡e g~j¨vqb� Aw¯’i ivR‰bwZK ms¯‹…wZ � Rb AskMÖn‡Yi Afve

Ge¨vcv‡i evsjv‡`‡k GLbI cÖwZôv‡b AMYZvwš¿K PPv©, MYgyLx †mev cÖ`vb e¨e¯’vi Abycw¯’wZ, AvB‡bi cÖ‡qv‡Mi Afve Ges `ybx©wZi weiæ‡× ivR‰bwZK mw`”Qvi Afv‡ei Kvi‡Y mykvm‡bi Dcv`vb¸‡jv m¤ú~Y©iæ‡c ev¯Íevqb Ki‡Z wngwkg Lv‡”Q| GB Ae¯’vq evsjv‡`‡ki cÖvq A‡a©K RbMY †eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨ Rxeb avi‡bi b¨yb¨Zg Pvwn`v c~i‡Yi Rb¨ msMÖvg Ki‡Q (48.5% gvbyl `vwi`ª¨ mxgvi bx‡P emevm Ki‡Q)| AwaKvsk mgq Zviv †mev cÖvwß †_‡K ewÂZ Ges AvBb Øviv myiwÿZ gvbyl wn‡m‡e †eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨ Zv‡`i †h b¨yb¨Zg Pvwn`v Zv A¯^xKvi Kiv n‡”Q|

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv59 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 60

AZGe, mykvmb I gvbevwaKv‡ii g‡a¨ PviwU wel‡q †hvMmyÎ Av‡Q| h_v:

mykvmb bxwZ cÖYq‡b Rb AskMÖnb Ges wbev©wPZ Ges wb‡qvMK…Z Kg©KZv©‡`i gv‡S Revew`wnZv wbwð‡Zi gva¨‡g MYZvwš¿K cÖwZôvb c~YtMVb K‡i| GUv bxwZ wbav©i‡b Ges wm×všÍ MÖn‡b mvgvwRK ^v_© †hb cÖvavb¨ cvq †mRb¨ mykxj mgvR‡K AšÍ©fz³ Ki‡Z mÿg K‡i| GB cÖwµqv bvix Ges msL¨vjNy m¤úª`v‡qi AwaKvi iÿvmn wcwQ‡q cov m¤úª`vq‡K AšÍf©z³ Ki‡Z Ae`vb iv‡L |

evsjv‡`‡ki Pjgvb wbev©Pb Kwgkb bvMwiK‡`i †fvUvwaKvi cÖ‡qv‡Mi iæZ¡c~Y© fzwgKv cvjb Ki‡Q|

wkÿv, ¯^v¯’¨ Ges mgvR Kj¨vY †mevmn ivóª Zvi bvMwiK‡`i †mev cÖ`v‡b `vqe×| gvbevwaKvi myiÿvq GB mg¯Í †mevi e¨e¯’v Kiv AZ¨šÍ iæZ¡c~Y© †hgb: evm¯’vb, ^v¯’¨, wkÿv Ges Lv‡`¨i AwaKvi| gvbevwaKv‡ii g~jbxwZ GUv wb‡`©k K‡i ‡h, bvMwiK †mev †hb chv©ß _v‡K, mevB †hb Zv †c‡Z cv‡i Ges ms¯‹…wZMZ fv‡e Zv †hb mevi Kv‡Q MÖnY‡hvM¨ nq we‡kl K‡i AwZ`wi`ª Ges me‡P‡q cÖvwšÍK mgcÖ`v‡qi AwaKvi †hb wbwðZ nq| mykvmb GB jÿ¨ AR©‡b cÖ‡Z¨K e¨w³‡K msMV‡Ki f~wgKvq ‰Zix Ki‡Z Ae`vb iv‡L, ïaygvÎ A_©‰bwZK Ges mgvR Dbœq‡bi DcKvi‡fvMx wn‡m‡e bq|

AvBwmBGmwmAvi, 1966 Gi Aby‡”Q` - 2 Abyhvqx ivóª Pzw³‡Z ¯^xK…Z AwaKv‡ii cÖMwZkxj ev¯Íevq‡b ¸iæZ¡c~Y© c`‡ÿc MÖnY Ki‡Q|

AvB‡bi kvmb g~jZt cÖwZôvb, AvBb Ges AvB‡bi Abykxjb GB wZbwU wb‡q MwVZ hv ÿgZvi cÖ‡qvM †hb mvwjk-wb®úwËi gva¨‡g bv N‡U †mUv cÖwZ‡iva K‡i| GUv AvB‡bi cÖvavb¨ †`q Ges †Kvb e¨w³ AvB‡bi D‡×© bq Zv wb‡`©k K‡i| GUv wbi‡cÿ mgvR, wewfbœ wØav-Ø›Øfz³ m¤úª`v‡qi g‡a¨ m¤úªxwZ m„wó Ges gvby‡li Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ GKUv kvwšÍc~Y© cwi‡ek Zix‡Z Ae`vb iv‡L|

AvBwmwmwcAvi, 1966 Gi Aby‡”Q` - 3 Abyhvqx Òhviv AvBwb mnvqZv wb‡Z cv‡i bv Zv‡`i Rb¨ webvg~‡j¨ AvBb mnvqZv cvevi AwaKvi wbwðZ KivÓ b¨vqwePvi wbwðZ Ki‡Z mgvb my‡hvM Zix Kiv|

`ybx©wZi A_© e¨w³MZ ¯^v‡_©i wewbg‡q miKvwi ÿgZvi Ace¨envi Kiv| wKš‘ kvmb Revew`wnZv, ¯^”QZv, AskMÖnb Ges `vwqZ¡‡ev‡ai mv‡_ cwiPvwjZ nq hv Gi Ace¨envi‡K wbqš¿Y K‡i| ybx©wZ iv‡óªi Kgv©KZv©‡`i Revew`wnZv ye©j K‡i †`q Ges ivóªxq cÖwZôv‡bi ¯^”QZv n«vm K‡i Ges kvw¯Í e¨wZ‡i‡K gvbevwaKvi jONb‡K AbygwZ †`q| GUv †gŠwjK AwaKvi Abyave‡bi †ÿ‡Î †bwZevPK cÖfve †d‡j| GUv we‡kl K‡i AwZ`wi`ª Ges cÖvwšÍK Rb‡Mvwôi AwaKvi cÖvw߇Z ÿwZMÖ¯’ K‡i hviv m¤ú~Y©iæ‡c miKvwi †mevi Dci wbf©ikxj|

1. kw³kvjx MYZvwš¿K cÖwZôvb

Z_¨m~Î

2. †mevi gvb Dbœqb

Z_¨m~Î

3. AvB‡bi kvmb

Z_¨m~Î

4. ybx©wZi weiæ‡× Awfhvb

Z_¨m~Î RvwZms‡Ni ybx©wZ we‡ivax mb` (BDGbwmGwm), 2007 ivóªxq cÖwZôvb‡K ybx©wZ we‡ivax Av‡›`vj‡b mn‡hvMxZv K‡i|

MbZvwš¿KcÖwZôvb

AvBb‡ikvmb Gesb¨vq wePvi

`ybxwZ© gy³mgvR

DbœZ †mevcÖ`vb

mykvmb AwaKv‡ii cÖwZmb¥vb cÖ`k©b

mb¥v‡bimv‡_ evuPv

wPÎ: gvbevwaKvi Ges mykvm‡bi g‡a¨ †gŠwiK ms‡hvM

gh©v`vi mv‡_gvby‡li emev‡mi

wbðqZv

O. mykvmb cÖwZôvq euvav mg~n: (evsjv‡`‡ki †cÖÿvc‡U)ZZ… xq we‡ki¦ †`k wn‡m‡e wewfbœ cwÖ ZØw›`Zv I evavi Kvi‡b evsj‡`‡k kvmb e¨e v’ AZ¨šÍ ey j© | G¸‡jv wb‡P D‡jLø Kiv nj:� gvbevwaKvi j•Nb� `ybx©wZ� ¶gZv Ges KZ…©Z¡ †K›`ªxf~ZKiY� ˆbe©vPwbKZv� `ye©j AvBbmfv I Zvi cÖ‡qvM� cÖwZôvbmg~‡ni ye©jfv‡e g~j¨vqb� Aw¯’i ivR‰bwZK ms¯‹…wZ � Rb AskMÖn‡Yi Afve

Ge¨vcv‡i evsjv‡`‡k GLbI cÖwZôv‡b AMYZvwš¿K PPv©, MYgyLx †mev cÖ`vb e¨e¯’vi Abycw¯’wZ, AvB‡bi cÖ‡qv‡Mi Afve Ges `ybx©wZi weiæ‡× ivR‰bwZK mw`”Qvi Afv‡ei Kvi‡Y mykvm‡bi Dcv`vb¸‡jv m¤ú~Y©iæ‡c ev¯Íevqb Ki‡Z wngwkg Lv‡”Q| GB Ae¯’vq evsjv‡`‡ki cÖvq A‡a©K RbMY †eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨ Rxeb avi‡bi b¨yb¨Zg Pvwn`v c~i‡Yi Rb¨ msMÖvg Ki‡Q (48.5% gvbyl `vwi`ª¨ mxgvi bx‡P emevm Ki‡Q)| AwaKvsk mgq Zviv †mev cÖvwß †_‡K ewÂZ Ges AvBb Øviv myiwÿZ gvbyl wn‡m‡e †eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨ Zv‡`i †h b¨yb¨Zg Pvwn`v Zv A¯^xKvi Kiv n‡”Q|

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv59 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 60

Aa¨vq¯’vbxq kvmb

Aa¨vq cÂg

cÂg Aa¨vq

GB ‡mmb †k‡l AskMªnbKvixiv hv Rvb‡eb:� MbZvwš¿K ’vbxq e¨e¯’vq kvmb m¤ú‡K© eyS‡Z cvi‡eb

� mykvm‡b ’vbxq mvkb Ges Zvi Kv‡Ri †gŠwjK Dcv`vb mgyn Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb

K. ’vbxq kvmb Kv‡K e‡j?

L. MYZvwš¿K kvmb Kv‡K e‡j?

M. ¯’vbxq miKvi Kv‡K e‡j?

N. ¯’vbxq miKvi KvVv‡gv ‡Kgb?

O. BDwbqb cwil‡`i Kvh©vejxi MVb

P. ó¨vwÛs KwgwU Ges Zvi Kvh©vejx

Q. MYZvwš¿K ’vbxq kvmb ewkó¨mgyn

R. mykvmb e¨e¯’vq ’vbxq kvmb Gi cÖavb euvav mgyn

¯’vbxq kvmb n‡”Q wKQz cÖwZôvb, wKQz †KŠkj Ges wKQz cÖwµqvi mgš^q hvi gva¨‡g ¯’vbxq RbMY Ges Rb‡Mvôx Zv‡`i cÖ‡qvRbxqZv, Pvwn`v, gZ-cv_©K¨ `~i Kiv Ges Zv‡`i AwfÁZv I `vqe×Zvi Av‡jv‡K ¯’vbxq ch©v‡q Zv‡`i AwaKvi Abykxjb Ki‡Z cv‡i| (BD Gb wW wc - 2004)

� bvMwi‡Ki AskMÖnY

� ¯’vbxq ch©v‡q mKj iæZ¡c~Y© Askx`vwiZ¡

� mKj †m±‡ii ‡jvKR‡bi mÿgZv

� Z‡_¨i eûg~Lx cÖevn

� Revew`wn cÖwZôvb Ges

� `wi`ª Rb‡Mvôx †Kw›`ªK e¨e¯’v

¯’vbxq kvmb we‡klZ: AvBbx KvVv‡gv I ’vbxq miKv‡ii wewaea¨ Kvh©µ‡gi evB‡iI ’vbxq gvby‡li Pvwn`vi cÖwZ iæZ¡ †`q| GwU wewfbœ ch©v‡qi ¯’vbxq RbMY/Rb‡Mvôxi g‡a¨ (†hgb: ¯’vbxq miKvi, cÖvB‡fU-†m±i, bvMwiK mgvR, mwgwZ) AvbyôvwbK wKsev AbvbyôvwbK m¤úK© Zwii gva¨‡g ’vbxq ivR‰bwZK I cÖkvmwbK mdjZv ev mvdj¨ Avbvi †ÿ‡Î Kvh©Ki Ae`vb I cÖfve iv‡L|

¯’vbxq kvmb

GB Aa¨v‡qi D‡Ïk¨

Aa¨v‡qi welqe¯‘

K. ¯’vbxq kvmb Kv‡K e‡j?

¯’vbxq mykvm‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxq Dcv`vb mgyn wb¤œiƒc

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 62

Aa¨vq¯’vbxq kvmb

Aa¨vq cÂg

cÂg Aa¨vq

GB ‡mmb †k‡l AskMªnbKvixiv hv Rvb‡eb:� MbZvwš¿K ’vbxq e¨e¯’vq kvmb m¤ú‡K© eyS‡Z cvi‡eb

� mykvm‡b ’vbxq mvkb Ges Zvi Kv‡Ri †gŠwjK Dcv`vb mgyn Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb

K. ’vbxq kvmb Kv‡K e‡j?

L. MYZvwš¿K kvmb Kv‡K e‡j?

M. ¯’vbxq miKvi Kv‡K e‡j?

N. ¯’vbxq miKvi KvVv‡gv ‡Kgb?

O. BDwbqb cwil‡`i Kvh©vejxi MVb

P. ó¨vwÛs KwgwU Ges Zvi Kvh©vejx

Q. MYZvwš¿K ’vbxq kvmb ewkó¨mgyn

R. mykvmb e¨e¯’vq ’vbxq kvmb Gi cÖavb euvav mgyn

¯’vbxq kvmb n‡”Q wKQz cÖwZôvb, wKQz †KŠkj Ges wKQz cÖwµqvi mgš^q hvi gva¨‡g ¯’vbxq RbMY Ges Rb‡Mvôx Zv‡`i cÖ‡qvRbxqZv, Pvwn`v, gZ-cv_©K¨ `~i Kiv Ges Zv‡`i AwfÁZv I `vqe×Zvi Av‡jv‡K ¯’vbxq ch©v‡q Zv‡`i AwaKvi Abykxjb Ki‡Z cv‡i| (BD Gb wW wc - 2004)

� bvMwi‡Ki AskMÖnY

� ¯’vbxq ch©v‡q mKj iæZ¡c~Y© Askx`vwiZ¡

� mKj †m±‡ii ‡jvKR‡bi mÿgZv

� Z‡_¨i eûg~Lx cÖevn

� Revew`wn cÖwZôvb Ges

� `wi`ª Rb‡Mvôx †Kw›`ªK e¨e¯’v

¯’vbxq kvmb we‡klZ: AvBbx KvVv‡gv I ’vbxq miKv‡ii wewaea¨ Kvh©µ‡gi evB‡iI ’vbxq gvby‡li Pvwn`vi cÖwZ iæZ¡ †`q| GwU wewfbœ ch©v‡qi ¯’vbxq RbMY/Rb‡Mvôxi g‡a¨ (†hgb: ¯’vbxq miKvi, cÖvB‡fU-†m±i, bvMwiK mgvR, mwgwZ) AvbyôvwbK wKsev AbvbyôvwbK m¤úK© Zwii gva¨‡g ’vbxq ivR‰bwZK I cÖkvmwbK mdjZv ev mvdj¨ Avbvi †ÿ‡Î Kvh©Ki Ae`vb I cÖfve iv‡L|

¯’vbxq kvmb

GB Aa¨v‡qi D‡Ïk¨

Aa¨v‡qi welqe¯‘

K. ¯’vbxq kvmb Kv‡K e‡j?

¯’vbxq mykvm‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxq Dcv`vb mgyn wb¤œiƒc

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 62

GQvovI ¯’vbxq kvmb mKj ch©v‡qi RbMY, GbwRI Ges ¯’vbxq miKv‡ii mv‡_ mgwš^Zfv‡e Kg©iZ cÖvB‡fU †m±‡ii mwµq AskMÖnb‡K mg_©b K‡i|

GwU †K›`ªxq kvmb cÖwµqvi mv‡_ ¯’vbxq kvm‡bi mgš^q I ms‡hvM ˆZwi‡Z mnvqK f~wgKv cvjb K‡i, we‡kl K‡i A‡bK Dbœqb Kv‡RB ’vbxq kvmb †K›`ªxq kvm‡bi mn‡hvMx| m~Zivs ’vbxq kvmb cÖwµqv‡K kw³kvjx Kivi Rb¨ kvm‡bi g~jbxwZi Dci wbf©i K‡iB KvR Kiv DwPZ|

MYZvwš¿K kvmb n‡”Q GK ai‡bi mykvmb e¨e¯’v †hLv‡b mvgvwRK Ges ivR‰bwZK cÖwµqv, AvBbx KvVv‡gv I cªwZôvb mg~n mvgvwRK vqe×Zv, A_©‰bwZK cÖe„w× Ges gvbe Dbœq‡b GKwU Kvh©Ki mgš^q m„wó K‡i|

¯’vbxq MYZvwš¿K mykvmb e¨e¯’vi aviYv ’vbxq Dbœq‡bi GK Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask| GwU AvšÍR©vwZK KwgDwbwUi Kv‡Q µgea©gvb fv‡e `vwi`ª¨-we‡gvPb †KŠk‡ji c~e©kZ© wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ n‡”Q| Dbœq‡bi †cÖwÿZ we‡ePbvq, BD.Gb.wW.wc, 2002 mv‡j ¯’vbxq MYZvwš¿K mykvmb e¨e¯’vi aviYvi we‡kølb K‡i Ges D‡jøL K‡i †h, kvmb gvbe Dbœq‡bi aviv‡K mPj ivL‡e| GB aviYv g~jZt Dbœq‡b mykvmb, MYZvwš¿K cÖwµqv Ges `ÿ I Revew`wn g~jK ¯’vbxq cÖwZôv‡bi aviYv‡K ms‡hvRb K‡i hv gvby‡li bvMwiK/ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi Ges ^vaxbZv wbwðZ Ki‡e|

� RbM‡Yi gvbevwaKvi I †gŠwjK ^vaxbZv wbwðZ Kiv, hvi gva¨‡g Zviv gh©v`vi mv‡_ Rxeb wbe©vn Ki‡Z cv‡i|

� RbM‡Yi Rxe‡b wm×v‡šÍi cÖfve †d‡j|

� RbM‡Yi Øviv miKv‡ii vqe×Zv wbwðZ Kiv|

� mK‡ji m¤ú„³Zv I b¨vh¨ bxwZ, cÖwZôvb Ges Gi Abykxj‡bi Av‡jv‡K cvi¯úvwiK mvgvwRK aviYv wewbgq Kiv|

� bvix Zvi Rxe‡b I wm×všÍ MÖn‡b miKvix/†emiKvix mKj e¨e¯’vq cyiæ‡li mgvb Askx`vi |

� RbMY RvwZ, eY©, wj½ ev Ab¨ †Kvb cÖKvi wel‡qi Dci wbf©i K‡i Zix mKj cÖKvi elg¨ n‡Z gy³|

� eZ©gvb bxwZ mgy‡n fwel¨r cÖR‡b¥i Pvwn`vi cÖwZdwjZ n‡e|

� A_©‰bwZK I mvgvwRK cwiKíbv I bxwZ gvby‡li Pvwn`v Ges AvKv•Lvi cÖwZ ms‡e`bkxj n‡e|

� `vwi`ª¨ ~ixKiY I mK‡ji Rb¨ mgvb my‡hv‡Mi Dci iæZ¡ †`qv|

GLv‡b jÿbxq †h, gvby‡li mvgvwRK/ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi, ¯^vaxbZv Ges AskMÖnY wbwðZ Kivi †ÿ‡Î MYZvwš¿K kvmb e¨e¯’vi mv‡_ mykvmb e¨e¯’vi aiYvMZ cv_K©¨ i‡q‡Q| MYZvwš¿K kvmb e¨e¯’v g~jZt gvbe Dbœqb aviYvi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z hv gvbyl‡K ¯^vaxbfv‡e Zvi Rxeb cwiPvjbv I fwel¨r wbg©v‡bi my‡hvM †`q| GwU gvby‡li Kj¨v‡Yi g~j Dcv`vb Ges GwU RvwZms‡Ni mnkÖvã Dbœqb jÿ¨gvÎvq ms‡hvRb Kiv n‡q‡Q|

L. MYZvwš¿K kvmb Kv‡K e‡j?

myZivs ¯’vbxq MYZvwš¿K mykvmb e¨e¯’v n‡”Q

RbM‡YimiKvi

mykvmb

kvmb e¨e¯’v

MYZvwš¿KmiKvi

mykvmb + MYZvwš¿K cÖwµqv = MYZvwš¿K kvmb

Z_¨m~Î

M. ¯’vbxq miKvi wK?

evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi Aby‡”Q` - 11 †Z MYZš¿ I gvbevwaKv‡ii weavb i‡q‡Q|

¯’vbxq miKvi n‡”Q GKwU cÖkvmwbK e¨e¯’v ev BDwbU hv ¯’vbxqfv‡e wbe©vwPZ ev g‡bvwbZ e¨w³‡`i Øviv MwVZ nq| Gi U¨v· Av‡ivc Kivi ÿgZv Av‡Q, Z‡e †Kw›`ªq miKvi KZ©„K wb‡`©kbv bv cvIqv ch©šÍ GwU e¨q Kivi †Kvb ÿgZv †bB| G‡K MYZvwš¿K e¨e¯’vi GKwU Íi n‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv nq| ’vbxq miKvi e¨e¯’v cy‡iv kvmb cÖwµqvi GKwU Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask|

¯’vbxq miKvi e¨e¯’vi yÕwU cÖavb Dcv`vb Av‡Q| h_v :

K) ¯’vbxq miKvi‡K wKQz †gŠwjK Kvh©µg m¤úv`‡bi ÿgZv †`Iqv n‡q‡Q, †hLv‡b Zviv RbM‡Yi cÖwZwbwaZ¡ mnKvix wn‡m‡e wewfbœ wm×všÍ MÖnY cÖwµqvq ’vbxq RbM‡Yi gZvgZ‡K AMÖvwaKvi w`‡Z cv‡i| Ges

L) ¯’vbxq miKv‡ii Revew`wnZv wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ e¨envwiK †KŠkj i‡q‡Q hv ’vbxq miKvi‡K RbM‡Yi Kv‡Q vqe× ivLvi Rb¨ mnvqK |

¯’vbxq miKvi‡ii mvsweavwbK weavb

RbM‡Yi ÿgZvqb Ges ’vbxq Dbœq‡b RbM‡Yi AskMÖnb wbwðZ Kivi j‡ÿ¨ evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡b ’vbxq miKvi e¨e¯’vi weavb AšÍfz©³ Kiv n‡q‡Q|

Z_¨m~Î evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi 11 bs Aby‡”Q‡` MYZš¿ I gvbevwaKvi welqwU mwbœ‡ek Kiv n‡q‡Q:

cÖRvZš¿ n‡e GKwU MYZš¿, †hLv‡b †gŠwjK gvbevwaKvi I ¯^vaxbZvi wbðqZv _vK‡e, gvbe mËvi gh©v`v I g~‡j¨i cÖwZ kÖ×v‡eva wbwðZ n‡e Ges cÖkvm‡bi mKj ch©v‡q wbe©vwPZ cÖwZwbwa‡`i gva¨‡g RbM‡Yi Kvh©Ki AskMÖnY wbwðZ n‡e|

mykvmb e¨e¯’vi aviYv †_‡K MYZvwš¿K kvmb e¨e¯’vq ¯’vbvšÍi:

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv63 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 64

GQvovI ¯’vbxq kvmb mKj ch©v‡qi RbMY, GbwRI Ges ¯’vbxq miKv‡ii mv‡_ mgwš^Zfv‡e Kg©iZ cÖvB‡fU †m±‡ii mwµq AskMÖnb‡K mg_©b K‡i|

GwU †K›`ªxq kvmb cÖwµqvi mv‡_ ¯’vbxq kvm‡bi mgš^q I ms‡hvM ˆZwi‡Z mnvqK f~wgKv cvjb K‡i, we‡kl K‡i A‡bK Dbœqb Kv‡RB ’vbxq kvmb †K›`ªxq kvm‡bi mn‡hvMx| m~Zivs ’vbxq kvmb cÖwµqv‡K kw³kvjx Kivi Rb¨ kvm‡bi g~jbxwZi Dci wbf©i K‡iB KvR Kiv DwPZ|

MYZvwš¿K kvmb n‡”Q GK ai‡bi mykvmb e¨e¯’v †hLv‡b mvgvwRK Ges ivR‰bwZK cÖwµqv, AvBbx KvVv‡gv I cªwZôvb mg~n mvgvwRK vqe×Zv, A_©‰bwZK cÖe„w× Ges gvbe Dbœq‡b GKwU Kvh©Ki mgš^q m„wó K‡i|

¯’vbxq MYZvwš¿K mykvmb e¨e¯’vi aviYv ’vbxq Dbœq‡bi GK Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask| GwU AvšÍR©vwZK KwgDwbwUi Kv‡Q µgea©gvb fv‡e `vwi`ª¨-we‡gvPb †KŠk‡ji c~e©kZ© wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ n‡”Q| Dbœq‡bi †cÖwÿZ we‡ePbvq, BD.Gb.wW.wc, 2002 mv‡j ¯’vbxq MYZvwš¿K mykvmb e¨e¯’vi aviYvi we‡kølb K‡i Ges D‡jøL K‡i †h, kvmb gvbe Dbœq‡bi aviv‡K mPj ivL‡e| GB aviYv g~jZt Dbœq‡b mykvmb, MYZvwš¿K cÖwµqv Ges `ÿ I Revew`wn g~jK ¯’vbxq cÖwZôv‡bi aviYv‡K ms‡hvRb K‡i hv gvby‡li bvMwiK/ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi Ges ^vaxbZv wbwðZ Ki‡e|

� RbM‡Yi gvbevwaKvi I †gŠwjK ^vaxbZv wbwðZ Kiv, hvi gva¨‡g Zviv gh©v`vi mv‡_ Rxeb wbe©vn Ki‡Z cv‡i|

� RbM‡Yi Rxe‡b wm×v‡šÍi cÖfve †d‡j|

� RbM‡Yi Øviv miKv‡ii vqe×Zv wbwðZ Kiv|

� mK‡ji m¤ú„³Zv I b¨vh¨ bxwZ, cÖwZôvb Ges Gi Abykxj‡bi Av‡jv‡K cvi¯úvwiK mvgvwRK aviYv wewbgq Kiv|

� bvix Zvi Rxe‡b I wm×všÍ MÖn‡b miKvix/†emiKvix mKj e¨e¯’vq cyiæ‡li mgvb Askx`vi |

� RbMY RvwZ, eY©, wj½ ev Ab¨ †Kvb cÖKvi wel‡qi Dci wbf©i K‡i Zix mKj cÖKvi elg¨ n‡Z gy³|

� eZ©gvb bxwZ mgy‡n fwel¨r cÖR‡b¥i Pvwn`vi cÖwZdwjZ n‡e|

� A_©‰bwZK I mvgvwRK cwiKíbv I bxwZ gvby‡li Pvwn`v Ges AvKv•Lvi cÖwZ ms‡e`bkxj n‡e|

� `vwi`ª¨ ~ixKiY I mK‡ji Rb¨ mgvb my‡hv‡Mi Dci iæZ¡ †`qv|

GLv‡b jÿbxq †h, gvby‡li mvgvwRK/ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi, ¯^vaxbZv Ges AskMÖnY wbwðZ Kivi †ÿ‡Î MYZvwš¿K kvmb e¨e¯’vi mv‡_ mykvmb e¨e¯’vi aiYvMZ cv_K©¨ i‡q‡Q| MYZvwš¿K kvmb e¨e¯’v g~jZt gvbe Dbœqb aviYvi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z hv gvbyl‡K ¯^vaxbfv‡e Zvi Rxeb cwiPvjbv I fwel¨r wbg©v‡bi my‡hvM †`q| GwU gvby‡li Kj¨v‡Yi g~j Dcv`vb Ges GwU RvwZms‡Ni mnkÖvã Dbœqb jÿ¨gvÎvq ms‡hvRb Kiv n‡q‡Q|

L. MYZvwš¿K kvmb Kv‡K e‡j?

myZivs ¯’vbxq MYZvwš¿K mykvmb e¨e¯’v n‡”Q

RbM‡YimiKvi

mykvmb

kvmb e¨e¯’v

MYZvwš¿KmiKvi

mykvmb + MYZvwš¿K cÖwµqv = MYZvwš¿K kvmb

Z_¨m~Î

M. ¯’vbxq miKvi wK?

evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi Aby‡”Q` - 11 †Z MYZš¿ I gvbevwaKv‡ii weavb i‡q‡Q|

¯’vbxq miKvi n‡”Q GKwU cÖkvmwbK e¨e¯’v ev BDwbU hv ¯’vbxqfv‡e wbe©vwPZ ev g‡bvwbZ e¨w³‡`i Øviv MwVZ nq| Gi U¨v· Av‡ivc Kivi ÿgZv Av‡Q, Z‡e †Kw›`ªq miKvi KZ©„K wb‡`©kbv bv cvIqv ch©šÍ GwU e¨q Kivi †Kvb ÿgZv †bB| G‡K MYZvwš¿K e¨e¯’vi GKwU Íi n‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv nq| ’vbxq miKvi e¨e¯’v cy‡iv kvmb cÖwµqvi GKwU Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask|

¯’vbxq miKvi e¨e¯’vi yÕwU cÖavb Dcv`vb Av‡Q| h_v :

K) ¯’vbxq miKvi‡K wKQz †gŠwjK Kvh©µg m¤úv`‡bi ÿgZv †`Iqv n‡q‡Q, †hLv‡b Zviv RbM‡Yi cÖwZwbwaZ¡ mnKvix wn‡m‡e wewfbœ wm×všÍ MÖnY cÖwµqvq ’vbxq RbM‡Yi gZvgZ‡K AMÖvwaKvi w`‡Z cv‡i| Ges

L) ¯’vbxq miKv‡ii Revew`wnZv wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ e¨envwiK †KŠkj i‡q‡Q hv ’vbxq miKvi‡K RbM‡Yi Kv‡Q vqe× ivLvi Rb¨ mnvqK |

¯’vbxq miKvi‡ii mvsweavwbK weavb

RbM‡Yi ÿgZvqb Ges ’vbxq Dbœq‡b RbM‡Yi AskMÖnb wbwðZ Kivi j‡ÿ¨ evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡b ’vbxq miKvi e¨e¯’vi weavb AšÍfz©³ Kiv n‡q‡Q|

Z_¨m~Î evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi 11 bs Aby‡”Q‡` MYZš¿ I gvbevwaKvi welqwU mwbœ‡ek Kiv n‡q‡Q:

cÖRvZš¿ n‡e GKwU MYZš¿, †hLv‡b †gŠwjK gvbevwaKvi I ¯^vaxbZvi wbðqZv _vK‡e, gvbe mËvi gh©v`v I g~‡j¨i cÖwZ kÖ×v‡eva wbwðZ n‡e Ges cÖkvm‡bi mKj ch©v‡q wbe©vwPZ cÖwZwbwa‡`i gva¨‡g RbM‡Yi Kvh©Ki AskMÖnY wbwðZ n‡e|

mykvmb e¨e¯’vi aviYv †_‡K MYZvwš¿K kvmb e¨e¯’vq ¯’vbvšÍi:

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv63 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 64

evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi 59 (1) bs Aby‡”Q‡` ¯’vbxq kvmb m¤ú‡K© ejv n‡q‡Q :

AvBb Abyhvqx wbe©vwPZ e¨w³‡`i mgš^‡q MwVZ cÖwZôvb mg~‡ni Dci cÖRvZ‡š¿i cÖ‡Z¨K cÖkvmwbK GKvs‡ki ¯’vbxq kvm‡bi fvi cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e|

evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi Aby‡”Q` bs-59 (2) G ¯’vbxq kvmb m¤ú‡K© ejv n‡q‡Q †h :

K) cÖkvmb I miKvix Kg©KZ©v‡`i KvR, L) Rbk„s&Ljv iÿv, M) Rbmvavi‡bi Kvh© I A_©‰bwZK Dbœqb m¤úK©xZ cwiKíbv cÖbqb I ev¯Íevqb

evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi Aby‡”Q` bs - 60 †Z ¯’vbxq kvmb msµvšÍ cÖwZôvb m¤ú‡K© ejv n‡q‡Q †h :

mvsweavwbK Aby‡”Q` bs - 59 Gi weavb Øviv c~b© Kvh©KvwiZ©v v‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ msm` AvB‡bi Øviv D³ Aby‡”Q‡` D‡jøwLZ ’vbxq kvmb msµvšÍ cÖwZôvb mgyn‡K ’vbxq cÖ‡qvR‡b Ki Av‡ivc Kievi ÿgZvmn ev‡RU cÖ¯‘ZKib I wbR¯^ Znwej iÿbv‡iÿ‡bi ÿgZv cÖ`vb Ki‡e|

m~Zivs GwU my®có †h evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡b ’vbxq miKvi MVb Ges Zv‡`i KvVv‡gv, cÖkvmwbK I Avw_©K e¨e¯’vcbvi welq¸‡jv mywbw`©ó Kiv n‡q‡Q|

evsjv‡`‡k 64 wU †Rjvq 64 wU cÖkvmwbK KvVv‡gvmn MÖvgxb KvDwÝjm wKsev cwil` Ges bMi †Kw›`ªK wgDwbwm cvwjwUm i‡q‡Q|

¯’vbxq Dbœqb Ges AvÂwjK Dbœqb I mgevq gš¿Yvjq (Gg.Gj.wR.Avi.wW.wm) Gi Aaxb ¯’vbxq miKvi wefvM ¯’vbxq miKvi welqK AvB‡bi Av‡jv‡K mgwš^Z Dbœqb I Gi ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ `vwqZ¡ cÖvß| Z‡e cve©Z¨ †Rjvmg~n cve©Z¨ PÆMÖvg welqK gš¿Yvj‡qi AvIZvq ’vbxq miKvi cwil` AvBb, 1989 Øviv cwiPvwjZ nq|

¯’vbxq miKvi g~jZt Mªvgxb, kû‡i Ges cve©Z¨ †Rjvmg~‡n wef³ Kiv n‡q‡Q hv‡`i Kvh©µg †gvUv‡gvwU GKB ai‡Yi| bMi KZ©„cÿ g~jZ GKK ch©v‡qi Ges GLv‡b wmwU K‡cv©‡ikb I †ek wKQz †cŠimfv i‡q‡Q|

� †Rjv cwil` (61wU †Rjv) Ges wZbwU cve©Z¨ †Rjv cwil`

� Dc‡Rjv cwil` (500 wU Dc‡Rjv) Ges

� BDwbqb cwil` (4451 wU BDwbqb)

N) ¯’vbxq miKv‡ii KvVv‡gv †Kgb?

gš¿Yvjq

KvDw݇ji aiY

MÖvgxb ’vbxq miKv‡ii wZbwU ch©vq i‡q‡Q| †hgb:

¯’vbxq miKvi gš¿Yvjq MÖvg Dbœqb Ges mgš^q

¯’vbxq miKvi wefvM

bMi KvDwÝj

wmwU K‡cv©‡ikb

†cŠimfv

MÖvgxb KvDwÝj

†Rjv cwil`

Dc‡Rjv cwil`

BDwbqb cwil`

wPÎ: ¯’vbxq miKv‡ii eZ©gvb Ae¯’v

1. bMi KvDwÝj

2. †Rjv cwil`

3. Dc‡Rjv I BDwbqb cwil`

wmwU K‡c©v‡ikb I †cŠimfvi cÖavb‡K †gqi ejv nq| m`m¨‡`i‡K KvDwÝji ejv nq Ges †gqi I Zvi KvDw݇ji m`m¨MY cÖwZ 5 eQi AšÍi RbM‡Yi mievmwi †fv‡U wbe©vwPZ nb| GLv‡b bvix‡`i Rb¨ wKQz msiwÿZ Avmb i‡q‡Q hviv RbM‡Yi cÖZ¨ÿ †fv‡U wbe©vwPZ nb|

¯’vbxh miKvi AvB‡bi AvIZvq wZbwU cve©Z¨ †Rjv Qvov cÖwZwU †Rjvq GKwU †Rjv cwil` i‡q‡Q| GB †Rjv cwil` GKRb †Pqvig¨vb, 15 wU Db¥~³ Avmb Ges 5wU AwZwi³ bvix Avmb Øviv MwVZ| †Rjv cwil` †Pqvig¨vb I †Rjv cwil‡`i m`m¨MY wbe©vPbx cwil‡`i m`m¨ Øviv wbev©wPZ nb|

GB cwil‡`i †Pqvig¨vb Ges mKj m`m¨MY, bvix m`m¨mn (hv‡`i Avmb msiwÿZ) mK‡j RbM‡Yi Øviv mivmwi wbe©vwPZ nq| †Pqvig¨vb I m`m¨MY c~b©v½fv‡e `vwqZ¡cÖvß Ges Zviv miKvi KZ…©K wbav©wiZ mb¥vbx †c‡q _v‡Kb| we`¨gvb AvBb Abyhvqx Dc‡Rjv cwil` KvDwÝj mivmwi wbe©vwPZ †Pqvig¨vb, cÖwZwbwa m`m¨, msiwÿZ Avm‡b bvix m`m¨ Ges Ab¨vb¨ Kg©KZ©v‡`i mgš^‡q MwVZ| GLv‡b cÖwZwbwa m`mMY n‡jv Dc‡Rjv cwil‡`i †Pqvig¨vb I cÖwZwU Dc‡Rjvq †cŠimfvi m`m¨| Dc‡Rjvq Kg©iZ miKvix wefv‡Mi cÖavbMY hviv mswkøó Dc‡Rjvq Kg©iZ Zviv †fvwUs AwaKvi Qvov c`vwaKvi e‡j m`m¨ we‡ewPZ nb|

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv65 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 66

evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi 59 (1) bs Aby‡”Q‡` ¯’vbxq kvmb m¤ú‡K© ejv n‡q‡Q :

AvBb Abyhvqx wbe©vwPZ e¨w³‡`i mgš^‡q MwVZ cÖwZôvb mg~‡ni Dci cÖRvZ‡š¿i cÖ‡Z¨K cÖkvmwbK GKvs‡ki ¯’vbxq kvm‡bi fvi cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e|

evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi Aby‡”Q` bs-59 (2) G ¯’vbxq kvmb m¤ú‡K© ejv n‡q‡Q †h :

K) cÖkvmb I miKvix Kg©KZ©v‡`i KvR, L) Rbk„s&Ljv iÿv, M) Rbmvavi‡bi Kvh© I A_©‰bwZK Dbœqb m¤úK©xZ cwiKíbv cÖbqb I ev¯Íevqb

evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi Aby‡”Q` bs - 60 †Z ¯’vbxq kvmb msµvšÍ cÖwZôvb m¤ú‡K© ejv n‡q‡Q †h :

mvsweavwbK Aby‡”Q` bs - 59 Gi weavb Øviv c~b© Kvh©KvwiZ©v v‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ msm` AvB‡bi Øviv D³ Aby‡”Q‡` D‡jøwLZ ’vbxq kvmb msµvšÍ cÖwZôvb mgyn‡K ’vbxq cÖ‡qvR‡b Ki Av‡ivc Kievi ÿgZvmn ev‡RU cÖ¯‘ZKib I wbR¯^ Znwej iÿbv‡iÿ‡bi ÿgZv cÖ`vb Ki‡e|

m~Zivs GwU my®có †h evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡b ’vbxq miKvi MVb Ges Zv‡`i KvVv‡gv, cÖkvmwbK I Avw_©K e¨e¯’vcbvi welq¸‡jv mywbw`©ó Kiv n‡q‡Q|

evsjv‡`‡k 64 wU †Rjvq 64 wU cÖkvmwbK KvVv‡gvmn MÖvgxb KvDwÝjm wKsev cwil` Ges bMi †Kw›`ªK wgDwbwm cvwjwUm i‡q‡Q|

¯’vbxq Dbœqb Ges AvÂwjK Dbœqb I mgevq gš¿Yvjq (Gg.Gj.wR.Avi.wW.wm) Gi Aaxb ¯’vbxq miKvi wefvM ¯’vbxq miKvi welqK AvB‡bi Av‡jv‡K mgwš^Z Dbœqb I Gi ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ `vwqZ¡ cÖvß| Z‡e cve©Z¨ †Rjvmg~n cve©Z¨ PÆMÖvg welqK gš¿Yvj‡qi AvIZvq ’vbxq miKvi cwil` AvBb, 1989 Øviv cwiPvwjZ nq|

¯’vbxq miKvi g~jZt Mªvgxb, kû‡i Ges cve©Z¨ †Rjvmg~‡n wef³ Kiv n‡q‡Q hv‡`i Kvh©µg †gvUv‡gvwU GKB ai‡Yi| bMi KZ©„cÿ g~jZ GKK ch©v‡qi Ges GLv‡b wmwU K‡cv©‡ikb I †ek wKQz †cŠimfv i‡q‡Q|

� †Rjv cwil` (61wU †Rjv) Ges wZbwU cve©Z¨ †Rjv cwil`

� Dc‡Rjv cwil` (500 wU Dc‡Rjv) Ges

� BDwbqb cwil` (4451 wU BDwbqb)

N) ¯’vbxq miKv‡ii KvVv‡gv †Kgb?

gš¿Yvjq

KvDw݇ji aiY

MÖvgxb ’vbxq miKv‡ii wZbwU ch©vq i‡q‡Q| †hgb:

¯’vbxq miKvi gš¿Yvjq MÖvg Dbœqb Ges mgš^q

¯’vbxq miKvi wefvM

bMi KvDwÝj

wmwU K‡cv©‡ikb

†cŠimfv

MÖvgxb KvDwÝj

†Rjv cwil`

Dc‡Rjv cwil`

BDwbqb cwil`

wPÎ: ¯’vbxq miKv‡ii eZ©gvb Ae¯’v

1. bMi KvDwÝj

2. †Rjv cwil`

3. Dc‡Rjv I BDwbqb cwil`

wmwU K‡c©v‡ikb I †cŠimfvi cÖavb‡K †gqi ejv nq| m`m¨‡`i‡K KvDwÝji ejv nq Ges †gqi I Zvi KvDw݇ji m`m¨MY cÖwZ 5 eQi AšÍi RbM‡Yi mievmwi †fv‡U wbe©vwPZ nb| GLv‡b bvix‡`i Rb¨ wKQz msiwÿZ Avmb i‡q‡Q hviv RbM‡Yi cÖZ¨ÿ †fv‡U wbe©vwPZ nb|

¯’vbxh miKvi AvB‡bi AvIZvq wZbwU cve©Z¨ †Rjv Qvov cÖwZwU †Rjvq GKwU †Rjv cwil` i‡q‡Q| GB †Rjv cwil` GKRb †Pqvig¨vb, 15 wU Db¥~³ Avmb Ges 5wU AwZwi³ bvix Avmb Øviv MwVZ| †Rjv cwil` †Pqvig¨vb I †Rjv cwil‡`i m`m¨MY wbe©vPbx cwil‡`i m`m¨ Øviv wbev©wPZ nb|

GB cwil‡`i †Pqvig¨vb Ges mKj m`m¨MY, bvix m`m¨mn (hv‡`i Avmb msiwÿZ) mK‡j RbM‡Yi Øviv mivmwi wbe©vwPZ nq| †Pqvig¨vb I m`m¨MY c~b©v½fv‡e `vwqZ¡cÖvß Ges Zviv miKvi KZ…©K wbav©wiZ mb¥vbx †c‡q _v‡Kb| we`¨gvb AvBb Abyhvqx Dc‡Rjv cwil` KvDwÝj mivmwi wbe©vwPZ †Pqvig¨vb, cÖwZwbwa m`m¨, msiwÿZ Avm‡b bvix m`m¨ Ges Ab¨vb¨ Kg©KZ©v‡`i mgš^‡q MwVZ| GLv‡b cÖwZwbwa m`mMY n‡jv Dc‡Rjv cwil‡`i †Pqvig¨vb I cÖwZwU Dc‡Rjvq †cŠimfvi m`m¨| Dc‡Rjvq Kg©iZ miKvix wefv‡Mi cÖavbMY hviv mswkøó Dc‡Rjvq Kg©iZ Zviv †fvwUs AwaKvi Qvov c`vwaKvi e‡j m`m¨ we‡ewPZ nb|

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv65 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 66

wPÎ: ¯’vbxq miKv‡ii eZ©gvb Ae¯’v

evsjv`k mwPevjq cÖkvmb:- gš¿xeM©- mwPeMY

wefvMxq cwiPvjK

wefvMxq (Kwgkbvi)

†Rjv Kwgkbvi

Dc‡Rjv (BDGbI)

†Rjv cwil`

Dc‡Rjv cwil`(&fvBm †Pq¨vig¨vb)

BDwbqb cwil` (†Pq¨vig¨vb-†g¤^vi)

O. BDwbqb cwil‡`i we`¨gvb KvVv‡gv I Kvh©vejx

1. BDwbqb cwil‡`i KvVv‡gv

GK K_vq BDwbqb cwil‡`i KvVv‡gv wb¤œiæc

� Awdwmqvj m`m¨

¯’vbxq miKvi AvBb 2009 Gi Aby‡”Q`-10 Abymv‡i BDwbqb cwil` GKRb †Pqvig¨vb Ges 12 Rb m`m¨ (3 Rb¨ msiwÿZ bvix Avmb mn) wb‡q MwVZ|

� †Pqvig¨vb: BDwbq‡bi †fvUvi‡`i Øviv mivmwi BDwbqb cwil‡`i GKRb †Pqvig¨vb wbe©vwPZ n‡eb|

� m`m¨: mivmwi BDwbq‡bi †fvUvi‡`i Øviv wbe©vwPZ bqwU IqvW© †_‡K 9 Rb m`m¨ wbe©vwPZ n‡eb|

� bvix m`m¨: bvix‡`i Rb¨ wZbwU Avmb msiwÿZ _vK‡e hviv cÖ‡Z¨‡K mivmwi GKwU BDwbq‡bi wZbwU Iqv‡W©i bvix I cyiæl †fvUvi KZ…©K mivmix wbe©vwPZ n‡eb|

ü eøK mycvifvBRvi (K…wl wkÿv cwiPvjK)

ü ¯^v¯’¨ mnKvix

ü cwievi Kj¨vY mnvqK

†Pqvig¨vb

gwnjv †g¤^vi-3 (wbe©vwPZ)†g¤^vi-9 (wbe©vwPZ)

mwPe (1)(Awbe©vwPZ)

Ki Av`vqKvix †PŠwK`vi `dv`vi

wPÎ: BDwci mvsMVwbK KvVv‡gv

ü cwievi Kj¨vY Kgx©

ü Avbmvi/wfwWwc I BDwbqb ch©v‡q Kg©iZ miKvix wefvM mn Ab¨vb¨ gvVKg©xiv BDwbqb cwil‡`i Awdwmqvj m`m¨ n‡eb| Zv‡`i †fvU cÖ`v‡bi AwaKvi _vK‡e bv|

ü gyw³hy×vnZ e¨w³i cwiev‡ii cÖwZwbwaiv

ü mgevq mwgwZi AšÍf©z³ `j/†ckvRxwe (ZvZx, †R‡j, fzwgnxb kÖwgK, wb:¯^ bvix) e¨w³eM© BDwbqb cwil‡`i m`m¨ n‡Z cvi‡e Z‡e Zv‡`i †fvU`v‡bi AwaKvi _vK‡e bv|

Ab¨vb¨ m`m¨

2. BDwbqb cwil‡`i g~j Kvh©vejx¯’vbxq miKvi AvB‡bi Aby‡”Q` - 47 (1) Abymv‡i BDwbqb cwil‡`i PviwU †gŠwjK Kvh©vejx i‡q‡Q, hv wb¤œiƒc:

K) cÖkvmb Ges ms¯’vcb welq mgyn

L) AvBb k„sLjv iÿv

M) Rb‡mev g~jK Kvh©vejx

N) cwiKíbv cÖbqY I ev¯Íevqb Kvh©µg ms¯ŒvšÍ ’vbxq A_©‰bwZK I mvgvwRK Dbœqb g~jK Kvh©vejx|

¯’vbxq miKvi AvB‡bi aviv-47 G D‡jøwLZ BDwbqb cwil‡`i Ab¨vb¨ Kvh©vejx wb¤œiæc:

1. cvuP eQi †gqv`x cwiKíbv cÖYqb Ges Dbœqb cwiKíbv

2. MÖvgxb AeKvVv‡gv, Dbœqb, msiÿb I iÿbv‡eÿb

3. mvaviY wkÿv, cÖv_wgK I MY wkÿvi Dbœqb

4. ¯^v¯’¨ I cwievi cwiKíbv g~jK Kvh©µg ev¯Íevqb

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv67 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 68

wPÎ: ¯’vbxq miKv‡ii eZ©gvb Ae¯’v

evsjv`k mwPevjq cÖkvmb:- gš¿xeM©- mwPeMY

wefvMxq cwiPvjK

wefvMxq (Kwgkbvi)

†Rjv Kwgkbvi

Dc‡Rjv (BDGbI)

†Rjv cwil`

Dc‡Rjv cwil`(&fvBm †Pq¨vig¨vb)

BDwbqb cwil` (†Pq¨vig¨vb-†g¤^vi)

O. BDwbqb cwil‡`i we`¨gvb KvVv‡gv I Kvh©vejx

1. BDwbqb cwil‡`i KvVv‡gv

GK K_vq BDwbqb cwil‡`i KvVv‡gv wb¤œiæc

� Awdwmqvj m`m¨

¯’vbxq miKvi AvBb 2009 Gi Aby‡”Q`-10 Abymv‡i BDwbqb cwil` GKRb †Pqvig¨vb Ges 12 Rb m`m¨ (3 Rb¨ msiwÿZ bvix Avmb mn) wb‡q MwVZ|

� †Pqvig¨vb: BDwbq‡bi †fvUvi‡`i Øviv mivmwi BDwbqb cwil‡`i GKRb †Pqvig¨vb wbe©vwPZ n‡eb|

� m`m¨: mivmwi BDwbq‡bi †fvUvi‡`i Øviv wbe©vwPZ bqwU IqvW© †_‡K 9 Rb m`m¨ wbe©vwPZ n‡eb|

� bvix m`m¨: bvix‡`i Rb¨ wZbwU Avmb msiwÿZ _vK‡e hviv cÖ‡Z¨‡K mivmwi GKwU BDwbq‡bi wZbwU Iqv‡W©i bvix I cyiæl †fvUvi KZ…©K mivmix wbe©vwPZ n‡eb|

ü eøK mycvifvBRvi (K…wl wkÿv cwiPvjK)

ü ¯^v¯’¨ mnKvix

ü cwievi Kj¨vY mnvqK

†Pqvig¨vb

gwnjv †g¤^vi-3 (wbe©vwPZ)†g¤^vi-9 (wbe©vwPZ)

mwPe (1)(Awbe©vwPZ)

Ki Av`vqKvix †PŠwK`vi `dv`vi

wPÎ: BDwci mvsMVwbK KvVv‡gv

ü cwievi Kj¨vY Kgx©

ü Avbmvi/wfwWwc I BDwbqb ch©v‡q Kg©iZ miKvix wefvM mn Ab¨vb¨ gvVKg©xiv BDwbqb cwil‡`i Awdwmqvj m`m¨ n‡eb| Zv‡`i †fvU cÖ`v‡bi AwaKvi _vK‡e bv|

ü gyw³hy×vnZ e¨w³i cwiev‡ii cÖwZwbwaiv

ü mgevq mwgwZi AšÍf©z³ `j/†ckvRxwe (ZvZx, †R‡j, fzwgnxb kÖwgK, wb:¯^ bvix) e¨w³eM© BDwbqb cwil‡`i m`m¨ n‡Z cvi‡e Z‡e Zv‡`i †fvU`v‡bi AwaKvi _vK‡e bv|

Ab¨vb¨ m`m¨

2. BDwbqb cwil‡`i g~j Kvh©vejx¯’vbxq miKvi AvB‡bi Aby‡”Q` - 47 (1) Abymv‡i BDwbqb cwil‡`i PviwU †gŠwjK Kvh©vejx i‡q‡Q, hv wb¤œiƒc:

K) cÖkvmb Ges ms¯’vcb welq mgyn

L) AvBb k„sLjv iÿv

M) Rb‡mev g~jK Kvh©vejx

N) cwiKíbv cÖbqY I ev¯Íevqb Kvh©µg ms¯ŒvšÍ ’vbxq A_©‰bwZK I mvgvwRK Dbœqb g~jK Kvh©vejx|

¯’vbxq miKvi AvB‡bi aviv-47 G D‡jøwLZ BDwbqb cwil‡`i Ab¨vb¨ Kvh©vejx wb¤œiæc:

1. cvuP eQi †gqv`x cwiKíbv cÖYqb Ges Dbœqb cwiKíbv

2. MÖvgxb AeKvVv‡gv, Dbœqb, msiÿb I iÿbv‡eÿb

3. mvaviY wkÿv, cÖv_wgK I MY wkÿvi Dbœqb

4. ¯^v¯’¨ I cwievi cwiKíbv g~jK Kvh©µg ev¯Íevqb

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv67 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 68

5. K…wl, grm¨, Lvgvi Ges Ab¨vb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq Dbœqb g~jK Kvh©µg

6. `y‡hv©M, gnvgvwi wbqš¿b I n«vm Kivi Rb¨ Kvh©µg MÖnY

7. Ki Av`vq, Ki wba©vib nvwZqvi I wd Av`vq BZ¨vw` Kvh©µg MÖnY

8. cvwievwiK ØÜ Ges bvix I wkï Kj¨vY m¤úK©xZ Kvh©µg

9. mnvqZv cÖ`vb, Dbœqb gyjK mvgvwRK mvs¯‹…wZ I G m¤úK©xZ cÖ‡qvRbxq e¨e¯’v

10. cwi‡ek myiÿv Ges Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq D‡Ï¨vM MÖnY

11. AvBb I bxwZ mgyn iÿvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq D‡Ï¨vM MªnY

12. Rb¥ I g„Zy¨ wbeÜb

13. miKvix Rwg, †Lvjv ’vb Ges †Ljvi RvqMv mg~‡ni hZœ †bqv

14. miKvix ’vb I iv¯Ívi cv‡k Av‡jvi e¨e¯’v MÖnY

15. ebvhb, eb msiÿb Ges ebv‡ji ÿwZi nvZ †_‡K myiÿv cÖ`vb

16. k¥kvb NvU, Kei ’vb Ges miKvix wgjb ’vb Gi wbqwgZ hZœ Ges cwiPh©v Kiv

17. mvavi‡bi PjvPj ’vb, gnmoK I miKvix ’vb mgyn Sv‡gjv gy³ ivLv

18. mKj cÖKvi ÿwZ I aŸs‡mi nvZ n‡Z iv¯Ív I gnvmoK myiÿv Kiv

19. †Mvei, iv¯Ívi AveR©bv msMÖn, AcmviY I e¨e¯’vcbvi wbwðZKib

20. Aciva I wec`RbK e¨emv wbqš¿b

21. Mevw` cï RevB I g„Z cï Acmvib wbqš¿b

22. BDwbq‡bi g‡a¨ bZzb feb wbg©vb, wec`¾bK feb mgy‡ni cyb:wbg©vb msµvšÍ welq wbqš¿b

23. cvwbi Drm, cyKyi Lbb, cvwb weZib jvBb msiÿb I iÿbv‡eÿb

24. cvwbi Drm, cvwb ylb †iva, cvwb weZib jvBb e¨env‡ii mxgve×Zv I msMÖn msiÿb Kiv

25. cvwbq R‡ji Drm, Gi e¨envi, †Mvmj I Kvco cwi¯‹vi Ges Mevw` cï cwi¯‹v‡ii †ÿ‡Î mxgve×Zv I wbqš¿b Kivi ÿgZv

26. cvU †fRv‡bvi Rb¨ †h me ’v‡bi cvwb e¨env‡ii mxgv×Zv Ges cvwbq Rj msMÖnxZ nq I e¨envi wbqš¿b Kiv

27. AvevwmK GjvKvq Pvgov is cÖwµqvKiY wbqš¿b A_ev eÜ Kiv

28. AvevwmK GjvKvq cv_i I BU fv½b I gvwU Lbb wbwlw×KiY Ges wbqš¿b Kiv

29. AvevwmK GjvKvq evox Zixi DcKib msMÖ‡ni wbqš¿b I B‡Ui fvUv cÖš‘ZKib wbwl× KiY

30. miKvix mnvqZv, AwMœ ms‡hvM, eb¨v, Nywb©So, f‚wgK¤ú I Ab¨vb¨ cªvK…wZK wech©‡qi Rb¨ Riæix e¨e¯’v MÖnb I wbqš¿b

31. weaev, Abv_, wi`ª I wcwQ‡q cov gvby‡li ZvwjKv Zix I Zv‡`i mnvqZv Kiv

32. mgevq Av‡›`vib I MÖvgxb wkí Dbœqb DrmvwnZ Kiv

33. Lv`¨ Drcv`b e„w× I D‡`¨vM Mªnb Kiv

34. Mevw` I M„n cvwjZ cï cvjb I wbqš¿b

35. cÖv_wgK ^v¯’¨ †mev e¨e¯’v Kiv

36. BDwbqb wbe©vP‡b mvavib RbM‡Yi AskMÖnY, wbivcËv wbwðZ Kib Ges mKj cªKvi myweavi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq D‡`¨vM MÖnb Kiv

37. B›Uvi‡bU e¨envi Ges G welqK D‡Ï¨vM MÖn‡b DrmvwnZ Kiv

38. cÖvmw½K †mev cÖwZôv‡bi m‡½ mgš^q I mn‡hvMxZv wbwðZ Kiv

39. miKvi KZ©„K wba©vwiZ vwqZ¡ cvjb Kiv|

¯’vbxq miKvi AvBb, 2009, Gi aviv 45 (1) Abymv‡i cÖwZwU BDwbqb cwil‡` 13 wU ’vqx KwgwUi weavb i‡q‡Q |

GB ’vqx KwgwUmg~n wb¤œiƒc:

1. A_© Ges ms¯’vcb

2. AwWU Ges wnmve wefvM

3. Ki wbb©q Ges msMÖn

4. wkÿv, ^v¯’¨ I cwievi cwiKíbv

5. K…wl, grm I cï m¤c`, Ab¨vb¨ A_©‰bwZK Dbœqb

6. MÖvgxb AeKvVv‡gvMZ Dbœqb, msiÿb I iÿbv‡eÿb BZ¨vw`

7. AvBb k„•Ljv

8. Rb¥ I g„Zy¨ wbeÜb

9. m¨vwb‡Ukb, cvwb mieivn I wb®‹vkb

10. mvgvwRK Kj¨vY I y‡hv©M e¨e¯’vcbv

11. ’vqx Dbœqb, cwi‡ek myiÿv Ges MvQ jvMv‡bv (e„ÿ †ivcb)

12. cvwievwiK we‡iva, bvix I wkï Kj¨vY welqK wewa

13.ms¯‹…wZ I †Ljv

13 wU ¯’vqx KwgwU QvovI miKv‡ii wbev©nx Av‡`‡k BDwbqb cwil‡`i †Pqvig¨v‡bi mivmix ZZ¡veav‡b wb¤œwjw_Z wKQz KwgwU i‡q‡Q hv wb¤œiƒc:

� bvix wbh©vZb cÖwZ‡iva KwgwU (Gb Gb wc wm)

� BDwbqb ch©v‡q gvbe cvPvi cÖwZ‡iva KwgwU

� BDwc Uv¯‹‡dvm© KwgwU (cvwb mieivn I m¨vwb‡Uk‡bi Rb¨)

� BDwbqb ch©v‡q K…wl myiÿv KwgwU

� BDwbqb ch©v‡q y‡hv©M e¨e¯’vcbv KwgwU

� BDwbqb ch©v‡q ebvqb iÿv KwgwU

� BDwbqb ch©v‡q wf wR wW KwgwU , BZ¨vw`

P. BDwbqb cwil‡`i ¯’vqx KwgwU

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv69 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 70

5. K…wl, grm¨, Lvgvi Ges Ab¨vb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq Dbœqb g~jK Kvh©µg

6. `y‡hv©M, gnvgvwi wbqš¿b I n«vm Kivi Rb¨ Kvh©µg MÖnY

7. Ki Av`vq, Ki wba©vib nvwZqvi I wd Av`vq BZ¨vw` Kvh©µg MÖnY

8. cvwievwiK ØÜ Ges bvix I wkï Kj¨vY m¤úK©xZ Kvh©µg

9. mnvqZv cÖ`vb, Dbœqb gyjK mvgvwRK mvs¯‹…wZ I G m¤úK©xZ cÖ‡qvRbxq e¨e¯’v

10. cwi‡ek myiÿv Ges Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq D‡Ï¨vM MÖnY

11. AvBb I bxwZ mgyn iÿvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq D‡Ï¨vM MªnY

12. Rb¥ I g„Zy¨ wbeÜb

13. miKvix Rwg, †Lvjv ’vb Ges †Ljvi RvqMv mg~‡ni hZœ †bqv

14. miKvix ’vb I iv¯Ívi cv‡k Av‡jvi e¨e¯’v MÖnY

15. ebvhb, eb msiÿb Ges ebv‡ji ÿwZi nvZ †_‡K myiÿv cÖ`vb

16. k¥kvb NvU, Kei ’vb Ges miKvix wgjb ’vb Gi wbqwgZ hZœ Ges cwiPh©v Kiv

17. mvavi‡bi PjvPj ’vb, gnmoK I miKvix ’vb mgyn Sv‡gjv gy³ ivLv

18. mKj cÖKvi ÿwZ I aŸs‡mi nvZ n‡Z iv¯Ív I gnvmoK myiÿv Kiv

19. †Mvei, iv¯Ívi AveR©bv msMÖn, AcmviY I e¨e¯’vcbvi wbwðZKib

20. Aciva I wec`RbK e¨emv wbqš¿b

21. Mevw` cï RevB I g„Z cï Acmvib wbqš¿b

22. BDwbq‡bi g‡a¨ bZzb feb wbg©vb, wec`¾bK feb mgy‡ni cyb:wbg©vb msµvšÍ welq wbqš¿b

23. cvwbi Drm, cyKyi Lbb, cvwb weZib jvBb msiÿb I iÿbv‡eÿb

24. cvwbi Drm, cvwb ylb †iva, cvwb weZib jvBb e¨env‡ii mxgve×Zv I msMÖn msiÿb Kiv

25. cvwbq R‡ji Drm, Gi e¨envi, †Mvmj I Kvco cwi¯‹vi Ges Mevw` cï cwi¯‹v‡ii †ÿ‡Î mxgve×Zv I wbqš¿b Kivi ÿgZv

26. cvU †fRv‡bvi Rb¨ †h me ’v‡bi cvwb e¨env‡ii mxgv×Zv Ges cvwbq Rj msMÖnxZ nq I e¨envi wbqš¿b Kiv

27. AvevwmK GjvKvq Pvgov is cÖwµqvKiY wbqš¿b A_ev eÜ Kiv

28. AvevwmK GjvKvq cv_i I BU fv½b I gvwU Lbb wbwlw×KiY Ges wbqš¿b Kiv

29. AvevwmK GjvKvq evox Zixi DcKib msMÖ‡ni wbqš¿b I B‡Ui fvUv cÖš‘ZKib wbwl× KiY

30. miKvix mnvqZv, AwMœ ms‡hvM, eb¨v, Nywb©So, f‚wgK¤ú I Ab¨vb¨ cªvK…wZK wech©‡qi Rb¨ Riæix e¨e¯’v MÖnb I wbqš¿b

31. weaev, Abv_, wi`ª I wcwQ‡q cov gvby‡li ZvwjKv Zix I Zv‡`i mnvqZv Kiv

32. mgevq Av‡›`vib I MÖvgxb wkí Dbœqb DrmvwnZ Kiv

33. Lv`¨ Drcv`b e„w× I D‡`¨vM Mªnb Kiv

34. Mevw` I M„n cvwjZ cï cvjb I wbqš¿b

35. cÖv_wgK ^v¯’¨ †mev e¨e¯’v Kiv

36. BDwbqb wbe©vP‡b mvavib RbM‡Yi AskMÖnY, wbivcËv wbwðZ Kib Ges mKj cªKvi myweavi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq D‡`¨vM MÖnb Kiv

37. B›Uvi‡bU e¨envi Ges G welqK D‡Ï¨vM MÖn‡b DrmvwnZ Kiv

38. cÖvmw½K †mev cÖwZôv‡bi m‡½ mgš^q I mn‡hvMxZv wbwðZ Kiv

39. miKvi KZ©„K wba©vwiZ vwqZ¡ cvjb Kiv|

¯’vbxq miKvi AvBb, 2009, Gi aviv 45 (1) Abymv‡i cÖwZwU BDwbqb cwil‡` 13 wU ’vqx KwgwUi weavb i‡q‡Q |

GB ’vqx KwgwUmg~n wb¤œiƒc:

1. A_© Ges ms¯’vcb

2. AwWU Ges wnmve wefvM

3. Ki wbb©q Ges msMÖn

4. wkÿv, ^v¯’¨ I cwievi cwiKíbv

5. K…wl, grm I cï m¤c`, Ab¨vb¨ A_©‰bwZK Dbœqb

6. MÖvgxb AeKvVv‡gvMZ Dbœqb, msiÿb I iÿbv‡eÿb BZ¨vw`

7. AvBb k„•Ljv

8. Rb¥ I g„Zy¨ wbeÜb

9. m¨vwb‡Ukb, cvwb mieivn I wb®‹vkb

10. mvgvwRK Kj¨vY I y‡hv©M e¨e¯’vcbv

11. ’vqx Dbœqb, cwi‡ek myiÿv Ges MvQ jvMv‡bv (e„ÿ †ivcb)

12. cvwievwiK we‡iva, bvix I wkï Kj¨vY welqK wewa

13.ms¯‹…wZ I †Ljv

13 wU ¯’vqx KwgwU QvovI miKv‡ii wbev©nx Av‡`‡k BDwbqb cwil‡`i †Pqvig¨v‡bi mivmix ZZ¡veav‡b wb¤œwjw_Z wKQz KwgwU i‡q‡Q hv wb¤œiƒc:

� bvix wbh©vZb cÖwZ‡iva KwgwU (Gb Gb wc wm)

� BDwbqb ch©v‡q gvbe cvPvi cÖwZ‡iva KwgwU

� BDwc Uv¯‹‡dvm© KwgwU (cvwb mieivn I m¨vwb‡Uk‡bi Rb¨)

� BDwbqb ch©v‡q K…wl myiÿv KwgwU

� BDwbqb ch©v‡q y‡hv©M e¨e¯’vcbv KwgwU

� BDwbqb ch©v‡q ebvqb iÿv KwgwU

� BDwbqb ch©v‡q wf wR wW KwgwU , BZ¨vw`

P. BDwbqb cwil‡`i ¯’vqx KwgwU

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv69 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 70

D`vnib¯^iƒc: ¯’vbxq kvmb e¨e¯’vi wefvM n‡Z 23‡k †g 1989 mv‡j m/BDwc-6/89/397 (64) Gi cÖKvwkZ weÁwß Abyhvqx bvix wbhv©Zb cÖwZ‡iva KwgwU (Gb.Gb.wc.wm) MwVZ n‡q‡Q, hvi KvVv‡gv wb¤œiƒc:

wbe©vwPZ e¨w³µwgK bs c` mgyn

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

†Pqvig¨vb

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

mwPe

BD wc ‡Pqvig¨vb

bvix m`m¨, IqvW© bs - 1

bvix m`m¨, IqvW© bs - 2

bvix m`m¨, IqvW© bs - 3

BDwbq‡b cÖwZwôZ †m‡KÛvix ¯‹z‡ji cÖavb wkÿK

cwievi cwiKíbv Kg©x

BDwbqb cwil‡`i mwPe

hv‡nvK, ’vbxq miKvi AvBb, 2009 Gi †mKkb-45 (3) Abymv‡i :

¯’vqx KwgwUi †Pqvig¨vb n‡eb BDwbqb cwil‡`i wbe©vwPZ m`m¨‡`i ga¨ †_‡K (†Kv-AÞ m`m¨ Qvov) †hLv‡b GK Z…Zxqvsk (1/3) bvix m`m¨ _vK‡eb| cÖ‡Z¨KwU ¯’vqx KwgwU n‡e 5 †_‡K 7 m`m¨ wewkó Ges cÖ‡qvRb n‡j mswkøó wel‡q GKRb we‡klÁ e¨w³ (†Kv-AÞ m`m¨) wnmv‡e AšÍfz©³ n‡Z cvi‡e| Z‡e KwgwU‡Z Zv‡`i †fvU `v‡bi ÿgZv _vK‡e bv| Z‡e D‡jøL¨ †h BDwbqb cwil‡`i †Pqvig¨vb ïaygvÎ AvBb k„•Ljv msµvšÍ ’vqx KwgwU‡Z †Pqvig¨vb wn‡m‡e _vK‡eb| ’vqx KwgwU cÖwZ 2 gvm AšÍi mfv Ki‡e Ges cÖ‡qvR‡b GKvwaK mfv Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

¯’vbxq miKvi AvBb 2009 Gi aviv - 46 (1) Abyhvqx GKRb BDwc †Pqvig¨vb GB AvB‡bi jÿ¨ c~i‡Y cÖ‡qvRbxq wm×všÍMÖnb I Gi ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ h_vh_ wbe©nx ÿgZvi cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

¯’vbxq kvmb AvBb 2009 Gi aviv - 46 (2) Abyhvqx GKRb BDwc †Pqvig¨v‡bi g~j vwqZ¡ wb¤œiƒc:

1. wZwb BDwbqb cwil‡`i mvaviY mfvi mfvcwZ n‡eb Ges mfv cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb|

2. wZwb BDwbqb cwil‡`i AvIZvaxb mKj Kg©KZ©vi Kvh©µg Z`viKx I wbqš¿b Ki‡eb Ges Zv‡`i †Mvcbxq cÖwZ‡e`b cÖ¯‘Z Ki‡eb|

3. wZwb miKvi ev mswkøó DשZb Kg©KZ©v KZ…©K Aby‡gvw`Z e¨‡qi mxgv eRvq ivL‡eb|

4. wZwb BDwbqb cwil` mwPe‡`i m‡½ †hŠ_ ^vÿiKvix‡`i m‡½ Avq e¨‡qi wnmve cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb|

5. wZwb BDwbqb cwil‡`i †Kvb Kg©KZ©v ev m`m¨‡K BDwbqb cwil‡`i e¨q cwi‡kva I ivR¯^ msMÖ‡ni Rb¨ vwqZ¡ w`‡Z cv‡ib |

6. wZwb ’vbxq kvmb miKvi AvB‡bi mv‡_ msMwZc~b© mg¯Í cÖvmw½K cÖwZ‡e`b cª¯‘Z Ki‡eb|

7. wZwb GB AvB‡bi Aaxb Ab¨ †Kvb KZ©„c‡ÿi vwqZ¡I cvjb Ki‡eb|

†mBmv‡_, � BDwbqb cwil‡`i Aby‡gv`b mv‡c‡ÿ †Pqvig¨vb ¯’vbxq miKvi AvBb, 2009 Abymv‡i †Kvb ¸iæZ¡c~b© Kv‡Ri Av‡`k Ki‡Z

cv‡ib;

� †Pqvig¨vb BDwbqb cwil` mfvq me Kg©KZ©v I Kg©x‡`i Dcw¯’wZ wbwðZ Ki‡Z cv‡ib;

� †Pqvig¨vb cÖkvmwbK wbqg I k„•Ljv f‡½i Rb¨ mvgwqKfv‡e BDwbqb cwil` wbqš¿‡bi (BDwc mwPe Ges wewfbœ miKvix I Ab¨vb¨ wb‡qvM Kg©KZ©v e¨ZxZ Qvov) A¯’vqx †Kvb Kg©x‡K wbj¤^b Ki‡Z cv‡ib| wZwb †Kvb Av‡`‡ki ’wMZv‡`k Ges mvaviY mfvq Aby‡gv`‡bi †Kvb KvR AKvh©Ki †Nvlbv Ki‡Z cv‡ib;

� †Pqvig¨vb BDwbqb cwil‡`i cÖkvmwbK welq Gi mv‡_ m¤úK©xZ †Kvb †kÖbxe× fv‡e msiÿb ev bw_ Gi wel‡q BDwbqb cwil‡`i mwPe‡K (wjwLZ) †bvwUk Gi gva¨‡g Rvb‡Z PvB‡Z cv‡ib;

� †Pqvig¨vb BDwbqb cwil‡`i Aaxb †h†Kvb Kg©KZ©v ev m`m¨‡K cÖkvmwbK wbqg I k„•Ljv f‡½i Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq AvBbMZ e¨e¯’v MÖnY Kivi Rb¨ miKv‡ii Kv‡Q cÖwZ‡e`b cvVv‡Z cv‡ib;

� hw` BDwc ‡Pqvig¨vb g‡b K‡ib †h, BDwbqb cwil‡`i †Kvb wm×všÍ Rbmvavi‡bi ^v¯’¨ myiÿv I Zvi DbœwZi Rb¨ †bwZevPK cÖfve †dj‡Z cv‡i Ggb Ae¯’vq wZwb Zvi wb‡Ri D‡ØM miKvi‡K AeMZ Kiv‡Z cv‡ib|

cÖwZwbwaZ¡ GKwU MYZvwš¿K mgv‡R cÖavb cÖwµqv| cÖwZwbwa wbev©P‡b bvMwi‡Ki civgk© †`qv n‡”Q| ZvB ¯’vbxq miKvi wZbwU †gŠwjK Dcv`v‡bi Dci wbf©i K‡i M‡o I‡V:

� Av¯’v/wek¦vm

� AvBbx ‰eaZv

� mš‘wó

c_Ö gZ: Av¯v’ /wekv¦ m ¯v’ bxq miKv‡ii ˆeaZv wbiƒc‡bi Rb¨ AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZc¡ b~ © Dcv`vb| mZy ivs RbM‡Yi Av¯v’ ev wekv¦ m ARb© Kiv wbevw© PZ RbcwÖ Zwa‡`i GKwU iæZc¡ b~ © vwqZ|¡

wØZxqZ: bvMwiK Ges ¯’vbxq miKv‡ii KvVv‡gvi g‡a¨ m¤úK© wbwðZ K‡i ¯’vbxq miKv‡ii wek¦vm‡hvM¨Zv|

Z„ZxqZ: RbM‡Yi mš‘wó weavb wbf©i K‡i bvMwi‡Ki Pvwn`v Abyhvqx †mev cÖ`vb Ges †mevi YMZ gvb eRvq ivLvi Dci| myZivs bvMwi‡Ki Pvwn`v ev cÖ‡qvRb Abyhvqx †mev cÖ`vY KivB ’vbxq miKv‡ii cÖavb vwqZ¡|

m~Zivs AvBbx ˆeaZvi wÎgvwÎK iƒc BDwbqb cwil`‡K GKwU Rb‡Kw›`ªK Ges cÖvwZôvwbK I cÖwµqvMZ ¯^”QcÖwZôvb wn‡m‡e cÖwZwôZ Ki‡Z cv‡i, †hLv‡b ’vbxq RbMY I Zv‡`i j mg~n Zv‡`i gZvgZ, Pvwn`v I cÖZ¨vkv Zz‡j ai‡Z cvi‡e Ges m`m¨ivI Zv‡`i h_vh_ vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Z cvi‡e| G Rb¨ BDwbqb cvwil‡`i cÖ‡qvRbxq DcKiY I m¤ú` iKvi hv‡Z K‡i Zviv ^”Q I `vwqZ¡kxjZvi mv‡_ Zv‡`i Kvh©µg ev¯Ívevqb Ki‡Z cv‡i| Gi Rb¨ iKvi Kvh©Ki I vwqZ¡kxj bvMwiK mgvR hviv bvMwi‡Ki Pvwn`v I cÖZ¨vkv¸‡jv wPwýZ K‡i Zv wbev©wPZ Rb cÖwZwbwa‡`i Kv‡Q Zz‡j ai‡eb|

Q. MYZvwš¿K ¯’vbxq kvm‡bi gvb wbb©q

wek¦v

m

mš‘wó

AvBbx

Av¯’v

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv71 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 72

D`vnib¯^iƒc: ¯’vbxq kvmb e¨e¯’vi wefvM n‡Z 23‡k †g 1989 mv‡j m/BDwc-6/89/397 (64) Gi cÖKvwkZ weÁwß Abyhvqx bvix wbhv©Zb cÖwZ‡iva KwgwU (Gb.Gb.wc.wm) MwVZ n‡q‡Q, hvi KvVv‡gv wb¤œiƒc:

wbe©vwPZ e¨w³µwgK bs c` mgyn

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

†Pqvig¨vb

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

mwPe

BD wc ‡Pqvig¨vb

bvix m`m¨, IqvW© bs - 1

bvix m`m¨, IqvW© bs - 2

bvix m`m¨, IqvW© bs - 3

BDwbq‡b cÖwZwôZ †m‡KÛvix ¯‹z‡ji cÖavb wkÿK

cwievi cwiKíbv Kg©x

BDwbqb cwil‡`i mwPe

hv‡nvK, ’vbxq miKvi AvBb, 2009 Gi †mKkb-45 (3) Abymv‡i :

¯’vqx KwgwUi †Pqvig¨vb n‡eb BDwbqb cwil‡`i wbe©vwPZ m`m¨‡`i ga¨ †_‡K (†Kv-AÞ m`m¨ Qvov) †hLv‡b GK Z…Zxqvsk (1/3) bvix m`m¨ _vK‡eb| cÖ‡Z¨KwU ¯’vqx KwgwU n‡e 5 †_‡K 7 m`m¨ wewkó Ges cÖ‡qvRb n‡j mswkøó wel‡q GKRb we‡klÁ e¨w³ (†Kv-AÞ m`m¨) wnmv‡e AšÍfz©³ n‡Z cvi‡e| Z‡e KwgwU‡Z Zv‡`i †fvU `v‡bi ÿgZv _vK‡e bv| Z‡e D‡jøL¨ †h BDwbqb cwil‡`i †Pqvig¨vb ïaygvÎ AvBb k„•Ljv msµvšÍ ’vqx KwgwU‡Z †Pqvig¨vb wn‡m‡e _vK‡eb| ’vqx KwgwU cÖwZ 2 gvm AšÍi mfv Ki‡e Ges cÖ‡qvR‡b GKvwaK mfv Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

¯’vbxq miKvi AvBb 2009 Gi aviv - 46 (1) Abyhvqx GKRb BDwc †Pqvig¨vb GB AvB‡bi jÿ¨ c~i‡Y cÖ‡qvRbxq wm×všÍMÖnb I Gi ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ h_vh_ wbe©nx ÿgZvi cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

¯’vbxq kvmb AvBb 2009 Gi aviv - 46 (2) Abyhvqx GKRb BDwc †Pqvig¨v‡bi g~j vwqZ¡ wb¤œiƒc:

1. wZwb BDwbqb cwil‡`i mvaviY mfvi mfvcwZ n‡eb Ges mfv cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb|

2. wZwb BDwbqb cwil‡`i AvIZvaxb mKj Kg©KZ©vi Kvh©µg Z`viKx I wbqš¿b Ki‡eb Ges Zv‡`i †Mvcbxq cÖwZ‡e`b cÖ¯‘Z Ki‡eb|

3. wZwb miKvi ev mswkøó DשZb Kg©KZ©v KZ…©K Aby‡gvw`Z e¨‡qi mxgv eRvq ivL‡eb|

4. wZwb BDwbqb cwil` mwPe‡`i m‡½ †hŠ_ ^vÿiKvix‡`i m‡½ Avq e¨‡qi wnmve cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb|

5. wZwb BDwbqb cwil‡`i †Kvb Kg©KZ©v ev m`m¨‡K BDwbqb cwil‡`i e¨q cwi‡kva I ivR¯^ msMÖ‡ni Rb¨ vwqZ¡ w`‡Z cv‡ib |

6. wZwb ’vbxq kvmb miKvi AvB‡bi mv‡_ msMwZc~b© mg¯Í cÖvmw½K cÖwZ‡e`b cª¯‘Z Ki‡eb|

7. wZwb GB AvB‡bi Aaxb Ab¨ †Kvb KZ©„c‡ÿi vwqZ¡I cvjb Ki‡eb|

†mBmv‡_, � BDwbqb cwil‡`i Aby‡gv`b mv‡c‡ÿ †Pqvig¨vb ¯’vbxq miKvi AvBb, 2009 Abymv‡i †Kvb ¸iæZ¡c~b© Kv‡Ri Av‡`k Ki‡Z

cv‡ib;

� †Pqvig¨vb BDwbqb cwil` mfvq me Kg©KZ©v I Kg©x‡`i Dcw¯’wZ wbwðZ Ki‡Z cv‡ib;

� †Pqvig¨vb cÖkvmwbK wbqg I k„•Ljv f‡½i Rb¨ mvgwqKfv‡e BDwbqb cwil` wbqš¿‡bi (BDwc mwPe Ges wewfbœ miKvix I Ab¨vb¨ wb‡qvM Kg©KZ©v e¨ZxZ Qvov) A¯’vqx †Kvb Kg©x‡K wbj¤^b Ki‡Z cv‡ib| wZwb †Kvb Av‡`‡ki ’wMZv‡`k Ges mvaviY mfvq Aby‡gv`‡bi †Kvb KvR AKvh©Ki †Nvlbv Ki‡Z cv‡ib;

� †Pqvig¨vb BDwbqb cwil‡`i cÖkvmwbK welq Gi mv‡_ m¤úK©xZ †Kvb †kÖbxe× fv‡e msiÿb ev bw_ Gi wel‡q BDwbqb cwil‡`i mwPe‡K (wjwLZ) †bvwUk Gi gva¨‡g Rvb‡Z PvB‡Z cv‡ib;

� †Pqvig¨vb BDwbqb cwil‡`i Aaxb †h†Kvb Kg©KZ©v ev m`m¨‡K cÖkvmwbK wbqg I k„•Ljv f‡½i Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq AvBbMZ e¨e¯’v MÖnY Kivi Rb¨ miKv‡ii Kv‡Q cÖwZ‡e`b cvVv‡Z cv‡ib;

� hw` BDwc ‡Pqvig¨vb g‡b K‡ib †h, BDwbqb cwil‡`i †Kvb wm×všÍ Rbmvavi‡bi ^v¯’¨ myiÿv I Zvi DbœwZi Rb¨ †bwZevPK cÖfve †dj‡Z cv‡i Ggb Ae¯’vq wZwb Zvi wb‡Ri D‡ØM miKvi‡K AeMZ Kiv‡Z cv‡ib|

cÖwZwbwaZ¡ GKwU MYZvwš¿K mgv‡R cÖavb cÖwµqv| cÖwZwbwa wbev©P‡b bvMwi‡Ki civgk© †`qv n‡”Q| ZvB ¯’vbxq miKvi wZbwU †gŠwjK Dcv`v‡bi Dci wbf©i K‡i M‡o I‡V:

� Av¯’v/wek¦vm

� AvBbx ‰eaZv

� mš‘wó

c_Ö gZ: Av¯v’ /wekv¦ m ¯v’ bxq miKv‡ii ˆeaZv wbiƒc‡bi Rb¨ AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZc¡ b~ © Dcv`vb| mZy ivs RbM‡Yi Av¯v’ ev wekv¦ m ARb© Kiv wbevw© PZ RbcwÖ Zwa‡`i GKwU iæZc¡ b~ © vwqZ|¡

wØZxqZ: bvMwiK Ges ¯’vbxq miKv‡ii KvVv‡gvi g‡a¨ m¤úK© wbwðZ K‡i ¯’vbxq miKv‡ii wek¦vm‡hvM¨Zv|

Z„ZxqZ: RbM‡Yi mš‘wó weavb wbf©i K‡i bvMwi‡Ki Pvwn`v Abyhvqx †mev cÖ`vb Ges †mevi YMZ gvb eRvq ivLvi Dci| myZivs bvMwi‡Ki Pvwn`v ev cÖ‡qvRb Abyhvqx †mev cÖ`vY KivB ’vbxq miKv‡ii cÖavb vwqZ¡|

m~Zivs AvBbx ˆeaZvi wÎgvwÎK iƒc BDwbqb cwil`‡K GKwU Rb‡Kw›`ªK Ges cÖvwZôvwbK I cÖwµqvMZ ¯^”QcÖwZôvb wn‡m‡e cÖwZwôZ Ki‡Z cv‡i, †hLv‡b ’vbxq RbMY I Zv‡`i j mg~n Zv‡`i gZvgZ, Pvwn`v I cÖZ¨vkv Zz‡j ai‡Z cvi‡e Ges m`m¨ivI Zv‡`i h_vh_ vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Z cvi‡e| G Rb¨ BDwbqb cvwil‡`i cÖ‡qvRbxq DcKiY I m¤ú` iKvi hv‡Z K‡i Zviv ^”Q I `vwqZ¡kxjZvi mv‡_ Zv‡`i Kvh©µg ev¯Ívevqb Ki‡Z cv‡i| Gi Rb¨ iKvi Kvh©Ki I vwqZ¡kxj bvMwiK mgvR hviv bvMwi‡Ki Pvwn`v I cÖZ¨vkv¸‡jv wPwýZ K‡i Zv wbev©wPZ Rb cÖwZwbwa‡`i Kv‡Q Zz‡j ai‡eb|

Q. MYZvwš¿K ¯’vbxq kvm‡bi gvb wbb©q

wek¦v

m

mš‘wó

AvBbx

Av¯’v

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv71 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 72

MYZvwš¿K ’vbxq miKvi Gi cÖavb g~jbxwZ

1. wbi‡cÿ wbe©vPb, Dc¯’vcbv Ges RbM‡Yi AskMÖnY

2. ms‡e`bkxjZv

KvDwÝj Ae BD‡ivcÕGi aviYv Abyhvqx ’vbxq miKv‡ii g~jbxwZ mgyn wb¤œiæc:

1. wbi‡cÿ wbe©vPb, Rb cÖwZwbwaZ¡ Ges bvMwi‡Ki AskMÖnY

2. ms‡e`bkxjZv

3. Kg©`ÿZv I Kvh©KvixZv

4. ¯^”QZv

5. AvB‡bi kvmb

6. ˆbwZK †hvMv‡hvM

7. mvg_©¨ I mÿgZv

8. D™¢veb I cwieZ©‡bi Rb¨ D‡`¨vM

9. ¯’vqxZ¡kxjZv Ges xN©‡gqv`x wb‡`©kbv

10.Avw_©K e¨e¯’vcbv

11.gvbevwaKvi, mvs¯‹…wZK ewPΨ Ges mvgvwRK ms‡hvM

12.Revew`wnZv

G bxwZ ej‡Z eySvq:

� ¯’vbxq miKvi wbev©Pb AZ¨šÍ ^”Q, Aeva I wbi‡cÿ n‡e, †hLv‡b ‡Kvb ai‡bi RvwjqvZxi AvkÖq bv wb‡q AvšÍR©vwZK gvb Ges RvZxq AvBb h_vh_ fv‡e AbymiY Kiv n‡e|

� RbMY n‡e mKj Rbg~Lx Kvh©µ‡gi †K›`ªwe›`y|

� ¯’vbxq wm×všÍ MÖnY cÖwµqvq mKj bvix I cyiæl Zv‡`i gZvgZ Zz‡j ai‡e| G ai‡bi AskMÖnb Zv‡`i gZcÖKv‡ki ^vaxbZv I msMVb Kivi AwaKvi‡K msiÿb Ki‡e|

� mK‡ji gZvgZ we‡kl K‡i hviv Ae‡nwjZ I AZ¨šÍ wec`vcbœ Zv‡`i gZvgZ ’vbxq wm×všÍ MÖnb cÖwµqvq we‡klfv‡e iæZ¡ cv‡e|

� ¯^vbxq gvby‡li wewfbœ ea vwe/cÖZ¨vkv¸‡jv c~i‡Yi Rb¨ b¨vq wfwËK D‡`¨vM MÖnY Kiv n‡e, hv‡Z K‡i KwgDwbwUi e„nËi ^v‡_© GKwU hyw³msMZ wm×v‡šÍ †cŠuQv‡bv hvq|

� mK‡ji fvj Kivi Rb¨ wm×všÍ Mnª Y Kiv Z‡e mgv‡Ri ÿz ª As‡ki b¨vh© I hwy ³msMZ cZÖ ¨vkv¸‡jvi cwÖ Z mb¥vb cÖ kb© Kiv n‡e|

GB bxwZ‡Z wek¦vm K‡i †h,

� RbM‡Yi b¨vqmsMZ cÖZ¨vkv I Pvwn`v c~i‡bi Rb¨ mywbw`©ó D‡Ïk¨, wewa, KvVv‡gv I c×wZ e¨envi ms‡hvRb Kiv n‡e|

� †mev weZib Ges Aby‡iva I Awf‡hvM¸‡jv h_vh_ mgqmxgvi g‡a¨ wbwðZ Kiv n‡e|

GB bxwZ‡Z D‡jøL Kiv nq †h,

� djvdj mgv‡Ri Pvwn`v cyiY Ki‡Q;

� mnRjf¨ m¤ú‡`i mwVK e¨envi;

� †mevi gvb g~j¨vqb I Gi Kvh©KvixZv e„w×i Rb¨ ÿ e¨e¯’vcbv c×wZi mwVK e¨envi;

� wbqwgZ weiwZ‡Z mvgvwRK g~j¨vqb |

¯^”QZv I Revew`wnZvi bxwZ wb‡¤œi welq¸wj‡K hy³ K‡i:

� AvBbvbyM wm×všÍ MÖnY I cÖ‡qvM Kiv

� mK‡ji Rb¨ Z_¨ †mev hv AvB‡bi †Kvb mywbw`ó KviY Øviv wef³ K‡i bv

� wm×všÍ MÖnb welqK Z_¨, bxwZgvjvi ev¯Íevqb Ges mK‡ji Rb¨ djvdj Ggbfv‡e mnRjf¨ Kiv †hLv‡b RbMY ¯’vbxq KZ©„c‡ÿi mKj Kv‡R mn‡hvwMZv K‡i|

AvB‡bi kvmb wb¤œwjwLZ welq mgy‡ni w`K wb‡`©kbv cÖ`vb K‡i:

� ¯’vbxq cÖwZwbwa Ges KZ…©cÿ AvBb I wePvi wefvMxq wm×všÍ †g‡b Pj‡Z eva¨

� AvB‡bi Av‡jv‡K mywbw`©ó bxwZgvjv cÖYqb Kiv hv n‡e wbi‡cÿfv‡e ev¯Íevqb‡hvM¨|

ˆbwZK AvPiY ej‡Z GUv †evSvq †h,

� e¨vw³ ^v‡_©i D‡×© Rb¯^v_© we‡ePbvq ivLv|

� mKj cÖKvi ybx©wZ cÖwZ‡iva I n«v‡mi Rb¨ Kvh©Ki e¨e¯’v MÖnb Kiv|

� e¨w³ ¯^v‡_©i welqwU mwVK mg‡q †Nvlbv Kiv Ges †h mKj e¨vw³ Giƒc wm×všÍ MÖnb cÖwµqvq AskMÖnY Ki‡Q Zv‡`i‡K cÖZ¨vnvi Kiv |

GB bxwZi Øviv †evSvq †h,

� ¯’vbxq miKv‡ii Kv‡Ri djvdj I Gi cÖfve Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ †ckv`vix Kg©`ÿZvi avivevwnKZv eRvq ivLv|

� miKvix Kg©KZv©MY Zv‡`i Kg©`ÿZv Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ AvMÖnx gv‡bvfvevcbœ|

� fv‡jv dj cvevi Rb¨ ev¯Íe c×wZ Abymv‡i ÿZv AR©b Kiv Ges Zv Kv‡R cÖ‡qvM Kiv|

3. Kg©`ÿZv I Kvh©KvixZv

4. ^”QZv I Revew`wnZv

5. AvB‡bi kvmb

6. bwZK AvPiY

7. Kg©`ÿZv Ges †hvM¨Zv

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv73 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 74

MYZvwš¿K ’vbxq miKvi Gi cÖavb g~jbxwZ

1. wbi‡cÿ wbe©vPb, Dc¯’vcbv Ges RbM‡Yi AskMÖnY

2. ms‡e`bkxjZv

KvDwÝj Ae BD‡ivcÕGi aviYv Abyhvqx ’vbxq miKv‡ii g~jbxwZ mgyn wb¤œiæc:

1. wbi‡cÿ wbe©vPb, Rb cÖwZwbwaZ¡ Ges bvMwi‡Ki AskMÖnY

2. ms‡e`bkxjZv

3. Kg©`ÿZv I Kvh©KvixZv

4. ¯^”QZv

5. AvB‡bi kvmb

6. ˆbwZK †hvMv‡hvM

7. mvg_©¨ I mÿgZv

8. D™¢veb I cwieZ©‡bi Rb¨ D‡`¨vM

9. ¯’vqxZ¡kxjZv Ges xN©‡gqv`x wb‡`©kbv

10.Avw_©K e¨e¯’vcbv

11.gvbevwaKvi, mvs¯‹…wZK ewPΨ Ges mvgvwRK ms‡hvM

12.Revew`wnZv

G bxwZ ej‡Z eySvq:

� ¯’vbxq miKvi wbev©Pb AZ¨šÍ ^”Q, Aeva I wbi‡cÿ n‡e, †hLv‡b ‡Kvb ai‡bi RvwjqvZxi AvkÖq bv wb‡q AvšÍR©vwZK gvb Ges RvZxq AvBb h_vh_ fv‡e AbymiY Kiv n‡e|

� RbMY n‡e mKj Rbg~Lx Kvh©µ‡gi †K›`ªwe›`y|

� ¯’vbxq wm×všÍ MÖnY cÖwµqvq mKj bvix I cyiæl Zv‡`i gZvgZ Zz‡j ai‡e| G ai‡bi AskMÖnb Zv‡`i gZcÖKv‡ki ^vaxbZv I msMVb Kivi AwaKvi‡K msiÿb Ki‡e|

� mK‡ji gZvgZ we‡kl K‡i hviv Ae‡nwjZ I AZ¨šÍ wec`vcbœ Zv‡`i gZvgZ ’vbxq wm×všÍ MÖnb cÖwµqvq we‡klfv‡e iæZ¡ cv‡e|

� ¯^vbxq gvby‡li wewfbœ ea vwe/cÖZ¨vkv¸‡jv c~i‡Yi Rb¨ b¨vq wfwËK D‡`¨vM MÖnY Kiv n‡e, hv‡Z K‡i KwgDwbwUi e„nËi ^v‡_© GKwU hyw³msMZ wm×v‡šÍ †cŠuQv‡bv hvq|

� mK‡ji fvj Kivi Rb¨ wm×všÍ Mnª Y Kiv Z‡e mgv‡Ri ÿz ª As‡ki b¨vh© I hwy ³msMZ cZÖ ¨vkv¸‡jvi cwÖ Z mb¥vb cÖ kb© Kiv n‡e|

GB bxwZ‡Z wek¦vm K‡i †h,

� RbM‡Yi b¨vqmsMZ cÖZ¨vkv I Pvwn`v c~i‡bi Rb¨ mywbw`©ó D‡Ïk¨, wewa, KvVv‡gv I c×wZ e¨envi ms‡hvRb Kiv n‡e|

� †mev weZib Ges Aby‡iva I Awf‡hvM¸‡jv h_vh_ mgqmxgvi g‡a¨ wbwðZ Kiv n‡e|

GB bxwZ‡Z D‡jøL Kiv nq †h,

� djvdj mgv‡Ri Pvwn`v cyiY Ki‡Q;

� mnRjf¨ m¤ú‡`i mwVK e¨envi;

� †mevi gvb g~j¨vqb I Gi Kvh©KvixZv e„w×i Rb¨ ÿ e¨e¯’vcbv c×wZi mwVK e¨envi;

� wbqwgZ weiwZ‡Z mvgvwRK g~j¨vqb |

¯^”QZv I Revew`wnZvi bxwZ wb‡¤œi welq¸wj‡K hy³ K‡i:

� AvBbvbyM wm×všÍ MÖnY I cÖ‡qvM Kiv

� mK‡ji Rb¨ Z_¨ †mev hv AvB‡bi †Kvb mywbw`ó KviY Øviv wef³ K‡i bv

� wm×všÍ MÖnb welqK Z_¨, bxwZgvjvi ev¯Íevqb Ges mK‡ji Rb¨ djvdj Ggbfv‡e mnRjf¨ Kiv †hLv‡b RbMY ¯’vbxq KZ©„c‡ÿi mKj Kv‡R mn‡hvwMZv K‡i|

AvB‡bi kvmb wb¤œwjwLZ welq mgy‡ni w`K wb‡`©kbv cÖ`vb K‡i:

� ¯’vbxq cÖwZwbwa Ges KZ…©cÿ AvBb I wePvi wefvMxq wm×všÍ †g‡b Pj‡Z eva¨

� AvB‡bi Av‡jv‡K mywbw`©ó bxwZgvjv cÖYqb Kiv hv n‡e wbi‡cÿfv‡e ev¯Íevqb‡hvM¨|

ˆbwZK AvPiY ej‡Z GUv †evSvq †h,

� e¨vw³ ^v‡_©i D‡×© Rb¯^v_© we‡ePbvq ivLv|

� mKj cÖKvi ybx©wZ cÖwZ‡iva I n«v‡mi Rb¨ Kvh©Ki e¨e¯’v MÖnb Kiv|

� e¨w³ ¯^v‡_©i welqwU mwVK mg‡q †Nvlbv Kiv Ges †h mKj e¨vw³ Giƒc wm×všÍ MÖnb cÖwµqvq AskMÖnY Ki‡Q Zv‡`i‡K cÖZ¨vnvi Kiv |

GB bxwZi Øviv †evSvq †h,

� ¯’vbxq miKv‡ii Kv‡Ri djvdj I Gi cÖfve Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ †ckv`vix Kg©`ÿZvi avivevwnKZv eRvq ivLv|

� miKvix Kg©KZv©MY Zv‡`i Kg©`ÿZv Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ AvMÖnx gv‡bvfvevcbœ|

� fv‡jv dj cvevi Rb¨ ev¯Íe c×wZ Abymv‡i ÿZv AR©b Kiv Ges Zv Kv‡R cÖ‡qvM Kiv|

3. Kg©`ÿZv I Kvh©KvixZv

4. ^”QZv I Revew`wnZv

5. AvB‡bi kvmb

6. bwZK AvPiY

7. Kg©`ÿZv Ges †hvM¨Zv

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv73 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 74

8. D™¢vebx I cwieZ©‡bi myPbv

9. ’vqxZ¡ Ges xN©m~Îx Kvh©m~Pbv

10. ’vqx Avw_©K e¨e¯’vcbv

11. gvbevwaKvi, ms¯‹…wZ ewPÎ Ges mvgvwRK ms‡hvM

12. Revew`wnZv

GB bxwZ‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q †h: � mgm¨vi D™¢vebx Ges Kvh©Kix mgvavb PvIqv I myweavRbK †mev e¨e¯’vi AvaywbK c×wZ †bqv|

� bZzb †Kvb welq cixÿvKiY Ges Ab¨‡`i AwfÁZv †_‡K wkÿv MÖnb|

� fvj djvdj AR©‡bi †ÿ‡Î RbM‡Yi cÖZ¨vkvi cwieZ©b|

¯’vqxZ¡ Ges xN©m~ÎxZvi bxwZmgyn wb¤œiæc: � fwel¨r cªR‡b¥i Pvwn`v cyiY K‡i Ggb cwiKíbv MÖnY I bxwZgvjv Zix Kiv

� ¯’vbxq Dbœqb cwiKíbvq KwgDwbwUi ’vqxZ¡kxjZv we‡ePbvq Avbv

� ¯’vbxq wm×všÍ MÖn‡Y mKj e¨‡qi LvZ we‡ePbvq ivLv Ges Ggb wKQz bv Kiv hvi gva¨‡g ¯’vbxq mgm¨v (cwi‡ekMZ, KvVv‡gvMZ, Avw_©K ev mvgvwRK m¤úK©) I ywðšÍvi welq¸‡jv fwel¨r cÖR‡b¥ ’vbvšÍwiZ nq|

� `xN© †gqv`x cwiKíbvi Rb¨ ’vbxq †cÖÿvcU RwUjZv m¤ú‡K© my¤úó avibv †bIqv|

¯’vqx Avw_©K e¨e¯’vcbv ej‡Z eySvq †h, � ¯’vbxq †mev n‡e mnRjf¨ I mvkÖqx |

� ¯’vbxq m¤ú‡`i cwigvc, ivR¯^ LvZ Ges AwZwi³ Znwe‡ji e¨envi n‡e h_vh_ I hyw³msMZ|

� ¯’vbxq SuzwKi cwigvc I Gi e¨e¯’vcbv n‡e h_vh_|

GB bxwZ‡Z †evSvq †h, � gvbevwaKv‡ii cÖwZ mb¥vb cÖ`k©b, myiÿv cÖ`vb Ges Gi ev¯Íevqb Kiv Ges mKj ai‡bi elg¨g~jK AvPiY cÖwZ‡iva Kiv|

� mvs¯‹…wZK ‰ewPÎ m¤ú` wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv Ges µgvMZ cÖ‡Póvq GwU wbwðZ Kiv †h KwgwDwbwU mK‡j Gi Askx`vi Ges †KD Gi evB‡i bq|

� mvgvwRK ms‡hvM Ges AbMÖmi GjvKvi Dbœqb Kiv|

� RbmsL¨vi me‡P‡q AbMÖmi As‡ki Rb¨ we‡kl †mev cÖ`vb Ges †mevq Zv‡`i mnR cÖ‡ekvwaKvi wbwðZ Kiv|

G bxwZ Abyhvqx †evSv hvq †h, � mKj wm×všÍ MÖnbKvix (mgwóMZ Ges ^Zš¿) Zv‡`i †bqv wm×v‡šÍi vwqZ¡ MÖnb Ki‡e|

� wm×všÍmg~n cÖwZ‡e`‡b mwbœ‡ewkZ n‡e †hLv‡b wm×v‡šÍi e¨vL¨v I vq Aby‡gv`b Ki‡e|

� bvMwiK AwaKvi msiÿ‡bi Rb¨ †h †Kvb cÖkvmwbK Ae¨e¯’vcbvi weiæ‡× ’vbxq KZ…©cÿ Kvh©Ki e¨e¯’v MÖnb Ki‡e|

D‡jøL¨ †h,

Revew`wnZv GwU wbwðZ K‡i †h ¯’vbxq miKvi Zv‡`i AvBbx eva¨evaKZvi Av‡jv‡K M„nxZ wmØvšÍ I c`‡ÿc MÖn‡b ¯’vbxq RbM‡bi Pvwn`v I cÖZ¨vkvi ev¯Íe cÖwZdjb NUv‡e hv DbœZ kvmb I vwi`ª ~ixKi‡b Kvh©Ki Ae`vb ivL‡e|

Revew`wnZvi welqwU wb¤œ¥wjwLZ fv‡e wbwðZ Kiv hvq :

1. `vwqZ¡

2. DËi‡hvM¨Zv

3. wek¦vm †hvM¨Zv

4. `vqe×Zv

Revew`wnZv

Avbyf~wgK Revew`wnZv

Dj¤^ Revew`wnZv

wPÎ: Revew`wnZv Dbœq‡bi Dcvq

R. mykvmb ¯’vbxq miKv‡ii cÖwZ evauv (Pi GjvKvi D`vnib wn‡m‡e)evsjv‡`‡k Pi GjvKv mgZj GjvKv n‡Z wew”Qbœ, GjvKvi †jvKRb myweav ewÂZ Ges Dbœq‡bi cÖevn †_‡K m¤úyb©iiƒ‡c wew”Qbœ| Pi GjvKvi 30 fv‡Mi AwaK †jvK AwZ-`wi`ª †kÖbxi hviv †gŠwjK AwaKvi I ’vbxq †mev MÖn‡Yi my‡hvM †_‡K m¤úyb©iƒ‡c ewÂZ| GgbwK AwZ `wi`ª Rb‡Mvôx †eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨ miKv‡ii b~b¨Zg Kj¨vYg~jK †mev †_‡K (†hgbt ¯^v¯’¨, wkÿv, AvBbMZ myiÿv, mvgvwRK wbivcËv, we`y¨r I we‡bv`b) ewÂZ |

evsjv‡`‡k Pi GjvKvi ev¯ÍeZv Abyhvqx ’vbxq mykvmb cÖwZôvi cÖavb evauv¸‡jv wb¤œiƒc:

1. gvby‡li cÖ‡qvRbxqZv I Pvwn`v c~iY

2. ¯’vbxq miKv‡ii cwi‡cwÿZ cwiKíbv Dbœqb I ev‡RU

3. mvgwRK AšÍfz©w³Kib cÖwµqv m¤ú‡K© mxgve× avibv

4. wbf©ikxj gvbwlKZv (ÿgZv I KZ©„‡Z¡i mxgve×v we‡K›`ªxKi‡bi djvdj)

5. evuavnxb †RÛvi f~wgKv

6. cyiæ‡li AvwacZ¨ Ges

7. mxwgZ Z_¨ cÖevn|

D‡jøwLZ euvavmg~n `yi Kivi gva¨‡g MYZvwš¿K ¯’vbxq mykvmb cÖwZôvi Rb¨ ¯’vbxq miKvi cÖwZôvb Ges KZ…©cÿ‡K mgwš^Z I h_vh_ †bZ©…Z¡ cÖ`v‡b mÿg K‡i †Zvjv cÖ‡qvRb hv, mvwe©K mdjZv Avb‡Z mnvqK n‡e| GwU n‡Z cv‡i :

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv75 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 76

8. D™¢vebx I cwieZ©‡bi myPbv

9. ’vqxZ¡ Ges xN©m~Îx Kvh©m~Pbv

10. ’vqx Avw_©K e¨e¯’vcbv

11. gvbevwaKvi, ms¯‹…wZ ewPÎ Ges mvgvwRK ms‡hvM

12. Revew`wnZv

GB bxwZ‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q †h: � mgm¨vi D™¢vebx Ges Kvh©Kix mgvavb PvIqv I myweavRbK †mev e¨e¯’vi AvaywbK c×wZ †bqv|

� bZzb †Kvb welq cixÿvKiY Ges Ab¨‡`i AwfÁZv †_‡K wkÿv MÖnb|

� fvj djvdj AR©‡bi †ÿ‡Î RbM‡Yi cÖZ¨vkvi cwieZ©b|

¯’vqxZ¡ Ges xN©m~ÎxZvi bxwZmgyn wb¤œiæc: � fwel¨r cªR‡b¥i Pvwn`v cyiY K‡i Ggb cwiKíbv MÖnY I bxwZgvjv Zix Kiv

� ¯’vbxq Dbœqb cwiKíbvq KwgDwbwUi ’vqxZ¡kxjZv we‡ePbvq Avbv

� ¯’vbxq wm×všÍ MÖn‡Y mKj e¨‡qi LvZ we‡ePbvq ivLv Ges Ggb wKQz bv Kiv hvi gva¨‡g ¯’vbxq mgm¨v (cwi‡ekMZ, KvVv‡gvMZ, Avw_©K ev mvgvwRK m¤úK©) I ywðšÍvi welq¸‡jv fwel¨r cÖR‡b¥ ’vbvšÍwiZ nq|

� `xN© †gqv`x cwiKíbvi Rb¨ ’vbxq †cÖÿvcU RwUjZv m¤ú‡K© my¤úó avibv †bIqv|

¯’vqx Avw_©K e¨e¯’vcbv ej‡Z eySvq †h, � ¯’vbxq †mev n‡e mnRjf¨ I mvkÖqx |

� ¯’vbxq m¤ú‡`i cwigvc, ivR¯^ LvZ Ges AwZwi³ Znwe‡ji e¨envi n‡e h_vh_ I hyw³msMZ|

� ¯’vbxq SuzwKi cwigvc I Gi e¨e¯’vcbv n‡e h_vh_|

GB bxwZ‡Z †evSvq †h, � gvbevwaKv‡ii cÖwZ mb¥vb cÖ`k©b, myiÿv cÖ`vb Ges Gi ev¯Íevqb Kiv Ges mKj ai‡bi elg¨g~jK AvPiY cÖwZ‡iva Kiv|

� mvs¯‹…wZK ‰ewPÎ m¤ú` wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv Ges µgvMZ cÖ‡Póvq GwU wbwðZ Kiv †h KwgwDwbwU mK‡j Gi Askx`vi Ges †KD Gi evB‡i bq|

� mvgvwRK ms‡hvM Ges AbMÖmi GjvKvi Dbœqb Kiv|

� RbmsL¨vi me‡P‡q AbMÖmi As‡ki Rb¨ we‡kl †mev cÖ`vb Ges †mevq Zv‡`i mnR cÖ‡ekvwaKvi wbwðZ Kiv|

G bxwZ Abyhvqx †evSv hvq †h, � mKj wm×všÍ MÖnbKvix (mgwóMZ Ges ^Zš¿) Zv‡`i †bqv wm×v‡šÍi vwqZ¡ MÖnb Ki‡e|

� wm×všÍmg~n cÖwZ‡e`‡b mwbœ‡ewkZ n‡e †hLv‡b wm×v‡šÍi e¨vL¨v I vq Aby‡gv`b Ki‡e|

� bvMwiK AwaKvi msiÿ‡bi Rb¨ †h †Kvb cÖkvmwbK Ae¨e¯’vcbvi weiæ‡× ’vbxq KZ…©cÿ Kvh©Ki e¨e¯’v MÖnb Ki‡e|

D‡jøL¨ †h,

Revew`wnZv GwU wbwðZ K‡i †h ¯’vbxq miKvi Zv‡`i AvBbx eva¨evaKZvi Av‡jv‡K M„nxZ wmØvšÍ I c`‡ÿc MÖn‡b ¯’vbxq RbM‡bi Pvwn`v I cÖZ¨vkvi ev¯Íe cÖwZdjb NUv‡e hv DbœZ kvmb I vwi`ª ~ixKi‡b Kvh©Ki Ae`vb ivL‡e|

Revew`wnZvi welqwU wb¤œ¥wjwLZ fv‡e wbwðZ Kiv hvq :

1. `vwqZ¡

2. DËi‡hvM¨Zv

3. wek¦vm †hvM¨Zv

4. `vqe×Zv

Revew`wnZv

Avbyf~wgK Revew`wnZv

Dj¤^ Revew`wnZv

wPÎ: Revew`wnZv Dbœq‡bi Dcvq

R. mykvmb ¯’vbxq miKv‡ii cÖwZ evauv (Pi GjvKvi D`vnib wn‡m‡e)evsjv‡`‡k Pi GjvKv mgZj GjvKv n‡Z wew”Qbœ, GjvKvi †jvKRb myweav ewÂZ Ges Dbœq‡bi cÖevn †_‡K m¤úyb©iiƒ‡c wew”Qbœ| Pi GjvKvi 30 fv‡Mi AwaK †jvK AwZ-`wi`ª †kÖbxi hviv †gŠwjK AwaKvi I ’vbxq †mev MÖn‡Yi my‡hvM †_‡K m¤úyb©iƒ‡c ewÂZ| GgbwK AwZ `wi`ª Rb‡Mvôx †eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨ miKv‡ii b~b¨Zg Kj¨vYg~jK †mev †_‡K (†hgbt ¯^v¯’¨, wkÿv, AvBbMZ myiÿv, mvgvwRK wbivcËv, we`y¨r I we‡bv`b) ewÂZ |

evsjv‡`‡k Pi GjvKvi ev¯ÍeZv Abyhvqx ’vbxq mykvmb cÖwZôvi cÖavb evauv¸‡jv wb¤œiƒc:

1. gvby‡li cÖ‡qvRbxqZv I Pvwn`v c~iY

2. ¯’vbxq miKv‡ii cwi‡cwÿZ cwiKíbv Dbœqb I ev‡RU

3. mvgwRK AšÍfz©w³Kib cÖwµqv m¤ú‡K© mxgve× avibv

4. wbf©ikxj gvbwlKZv (ÿgZv I KZ©„‡Z¡i mxgve×v we‡K›`ªxKi‡bi djvdj)

5. evuavnxb †RÛvi f~wgKv

6. cyiæ‡li AvwacZ¨ Ges

7. mxwgZ Z_¨ cÖevn|

D‡jøwLZ euvavmg~n `yi Kivi gva¨‡g MYZvwš¿K ¯’vbxq mykvmb cÖwZôvi Rb¨ ¯’vbxq miKvi cÖwZôvb Ges KZ…©cÿ‡K mgwš^Z I h_vh_ †bZ©…Z¡ cÖ`v‡b mÿg K‡i †Zvjv cÖ‡qvRb hv, mvwe©K mdjZv Avb‡Z mnvqK n‡e| GwU n‡Z cv‡i :

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv75 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 76

wPÎ: mvd‡j¨i c_

mdjZv

mgwš^Z cÖ‡Pôv

†bZ…Z¡weKvk

Aa¨vqAskMÖnYg~jKcwiKíbv Ges ev‡RU

Aa¨vq ló

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv77

wPÎ: mvd‡j¨i c_

mdjZv

mgwš^Z cÖ‡Pôv

†bZ…Z¡weKvk

Aa¨vqAskMÖnYg~jKcwiKíbv Ges ev‡RU

Aa¨vq ló

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv77

AskMÖnY g~jK cwiKíbvi my‡hvM

AskMÖnbg~jK cwiKíbvi my‡hvM wb‡¤§ †`Iqv n‡jv:� GKwU wbe©vPbx GjvKvi mvgwMÖK Dbœq‡bi Rb¨

� †Kvb GKwU we‡kl j ev †Mvwôi (`wi`ª I AbMÖmi) A_©‰bwZK Dbœq‡bi Rb¨

� †Kvb GKwU we‡kl j ev †Mvwôi Rxebgvb e„w× ev mgvR Kj¨vY¨i Rb¨

� AeKvVv‡gv Dbœq‡bi Rb¨

D`vniYt BDwbqb cwil‡`i AskMÖnYg~jK Kg© cwiKíbvi QK|

wk‡ivbvgt BDwbqb cwil‡`i evrmwiK Dbœqb cwiKíbv

BDwbq‡bi bvgt Dc‡Rjvt†RjvtBDwbqb cwil‡`i jÿ¨tBDwbqb cwil‡`i D‡Ïk¨t

wK Ki‡eb? A‡_©i Drm wKfv‡e GUvKiv n‡e?

KLb Kiv n‡e? †K/Kviv Ki‡e? gšÍe¨

cwiKíbv Kvixt BDwc Aby‡gv`b Kvixt BDwc †Pqvig¨vb

L. AskMÖnYg~jK cwiKíbv Ges Zvi mgqmxgvi cÖavb avc mgyn

BDGmGAvBwW Gi A_©vq‡b GmwWGjwR cÖK‡íi cÖwkÿb gwWDj Abymv‡i BDwbqb cwil‡`i Ask MÖnYg~jK cwiKíbvi avc mg~n wb‡¤§ †`Iqv n‡jv: avc-1t BDwbqb Dbœqb mgš^q KwgwU MVbavc-2t IqvW© mfvi Av‡qvRb Kiv (cÖKí MÖn‡Yi Rb¨)_vc-3t BDwbqb Dbœqb KwgwU KZ…©K cÖKí PzovšÍKiYavc-4t Db¥y³ ev‡RUavc-5t BDwci we‡kl mfvq cwiKíbv Ges ev‡RU Aby‡gv`b

lô Aa¨vq

GB Aa¨vq †k‡l AskMÖnY Kvixiv hv Rvb‡Z cvi‡e:� AskMÖnYg~jK cwiKíbv I ev‡RU wK Zv eyS‡Z cvi‡e|

� AskMÖnYg~jK cwiKíbv cÖYq‡bi cÖavb avc I mgq m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡e|

� BDwbqb cwil‡`i A‡_©i cÖavb Drm m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡e|

� BDwbqb cwil‡`i ev‡RU Pµ m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡e|

K. cwiKíbv Ges AskMÖnY g~jK cwiKíbv wK?

L. AskMÖnYg~jK cwiKíbv Ges Zvi mgqmxgvi cÖavb avc mgyn

M. BDwc A_©vq‡bi cÖavb Drm

N. BDwbqb cwil‡`i ev‡RU Pµ

¯’vbxq m¤ú‡`i myô e¨env‡ii gva¨‡g Kvw•LZ j¶¨ AR©b Kivi cÖwµqv‡K cwiKíbv e‡j|

AskMÖnYg~jK cwiKíbv ej‡Z RbMY‡K wb‡q ’vbxq Pwn`v wbiæcb/AMÖvwaKvi KiY, bxwZgvjv, Kg©m~wP Ges cÖKí MÖnY †hLv‡b m¤ú` e›U‡bi cÖ‡qvRb nq| GUv RbMY‡K wm×všÍ MÖnY cÖwµqvq AskMÖnY Ki‡Z mÿg K‡i †Zv‡j †hLv‡b ’vbxq miKvi Zv‡`i cwiKíbv I ev‡RU cÖYqb K‡i|

¯’vbxq m¤ú‡`i eivÏKi‡Y Rbmvavi‡Yi AskMÖnY‡K AMÖwaKvi †`Iqvi gva¨‡g ¯’vbxq miKvi A‡bK †ekx ¯’vbxq wel‡q mvovcÖ`vb Kvix wn‡m‡e Mb¨ n‡e|

AskMÖnbg~jK cwiKíbv mvgvwRK vqe×Zvi Rb¨ AbyKzj cwi‡ek Zix Ki‡Z cv‡i| †hgb: cÖwZkÖæwZe×

� AMÖvwaKvi cÖwµqvq AskMÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g bvMwiKiv ’vbxq miKvi wK ai‡bi †mev w`‡Z cÖwZkÖwZe× Zv Rvb‡Z cv‡i|

� GB cÖwµqvq Ask Mªn‡Yi gva¨‡g bvMwiK mgvR ’vbxq miKvi wK fv‡e ’vbxq m¤ú` e›Ub K‡i †m e¨vcv‡i Rvbvi Rb¨ A‡bK †ekx AbycÖvwYZ nq|

AskMÖnYg~jK cwiKíbv I ev‡RU

Aa¨v‡qi D‡Ïk¨

†mk‡bi myPxcÎ

K. cwiKíbv Ges AskMÖnYg~jK cwiKíbv wK?

cwiKíbv

AskMÖnYg~jK cwiKíbv

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv79 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 80

AskMÖnY g~jK cwiKíbvi my‡hvM

AskMÖnbg~jK cwiKíbvi my‡hvM wb‡¤§ †`Iqv n‡jv:� GKwU wbe©vPbx GjvKvi mvgwMÖK Dbœq‡bi Rb¨

� †Kvb GKwU we‡kl j ev †Mvwôi (`wi`ª I AbMÖmi) A_©‰bwZK Dbœq‡bi Rb¨

� †Kvb GKwU we‡kl j ev †Mvwôi Rxebgvb e„w× ev mgvR Kj¨vY¨i Rb¨

� AeKvVv‡gv Dbœq‡bi Rb¨

D`vniYt BDwbqb cwil‡`i AskMÖnYg~jK Kg© cwiKíbvi QK|

wk‡ivbvgt BDwbqb cwil‡`i evrmwiK Dbœqb cwiKíbv

BDwbq‡bi bvgt Dc‡Rjvt†RjvtBDwbqb cwil‡`i jÿ¨tBDwbqb cwil‡`i D‡Ïk¨t

wK Ki‡eb? A‡_©i Drm wKfv‡e GUvKiv n‡e?

KLb Kiv n‡e? †K/Kviv Ki‡e? gšÍe¨

cwiKíbv Kvixt BDwc Aby‡gv`b Kvixt BDwc †Pqvig¨vb

L. AskMÖnYg~jK cwiKíbv Ges Zvi mgqmxgvi cÖavb avc mgyn

BDGmGAvBwW Gi A_©vq‡b GmwWGjwR cÖK‡íi cÖwkÿb gwWDj Abymv‡i BDwbqb cwil‡`i Ask MÖnYg~jK cwiKíbvi avc mg~n wb‡¤§ †`Iqv n‡jv: avc-1t BDwbqb Dbœqb mgš^q KwgwU MVbavc-2t IqvW© mfvi Av‡qvRb Kiv (cÖKí MÖn‡Yi Rb¨)_vc-3t BDwbqb Dbœqb KwgwU KZ…©K cÖKí PzovšÍKiYavc-4t Db¥y³ ev‡RUavc-5t BDwci we‡kl mfvq cwiKíbv Ges ev‡RU Aby‡gv`b

lô Aa¨vq

GB Aa¨vq †k‡l AskMÖnY Kvixiv hv Rvb‡Z cvi‡e:� AskMÖnYg~jK cwiKíbv I ev‡RU wK Zv eyS‡Z cvi‡e|

� AskMÖnYg~jK cwiKíbv cÖYq‡bi cÖavb avc I mgq m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡e|

� BDwbqb cwil‡`i A‡_©i cÖavb Drm m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡e|

� BDwbqb cwil‡`i ev‡RU Pµ m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡e|

K. cwiKíbv Ges AskMÖnY g~jK cwiKíbv wK?

L. AskMÖnYg~jK cwiKíbv Ges Zvi mgqmxgvi cÖavb avc mgyn

M. BDwc A_©vq‡bi cÖavb Drm

N. BDwbqb cwil‡`i ev‡RU Pµ

¯’vbxq m¤ú‡`i myô e¨env‡ii gva¨‡g Kvw•LZ j¶¨ AR©b Kivi cÖwµqv‡K cwiKíbv e‡j|

AskMÖnYg~jK cwiKíbv ej‡Z RbMY‡K wb‡q ’vbxq Pwn`v wbiæcb/AMÖvwaKvi KiY, bxwZgvjv, Kg©m~wP Ges cÖKí MÖnY †hLv‡b m¤ú` e›U‡bi cÖ‡qvRb nq| GUv RbMY‡K wm×všÍ MÖnY cÖwµqvq AskMÖnY Ki‡Z mÿg K‡i †Zv‡j †hLv‡b ’vbxq miKvi Zv‡`i cwiKíbv I ev‡RU cÖYqb K‡i|

¯’vbxq m¤ú‡`i eivÏKi‡Y Rbmvavi‡Yi AskMÖnY‡K AMÖwaKvi †`Iqvi gva¨‡g ¯’vbxq miKvi A‡bK †ekx ¯’vbxq wel‡q mvovcÖ`vb Kvix wn‡m‡e Mb¨ n‡e|

AskMÖnbg~jK cwiKíbv mvgvwRK vqe×Zvi Rb¨ AbyKzj cwi‡ek Zix Ki‡Z cv‡i| †hgb: cÖwZkÖæwZe×

� AMÖvwaKvi cÖwµqvq AskMÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g bvMwiKiv ’vbxq miKvi wK ai‡bi †mev w`‡Z cÖwZkÖwZe× Zv Rvb‡Z cv‡i|

� GB cÖwµqvq Ask Mªn‡Yi gva¨‡g bvMwiK mgvR ’vbxq miKvi wK fv‡e ’vbxq m¤ú` e›Ub K‡i †m e¨vcv‡i Rvbvi Rb¨ A‡bK †ekx AbycÖvwYZ nq|

AskMÖnYg~jK cwiKíbv I ev‡RU

Aa¨v‡qi D‡Ïk¨

†mk‡bi myPxcÎ

K. cwiKíbv Ges AskMÖnYg~jK cwiKíbv wK?

cwiKíbv

AskMÖnYg~jK cwiKíbv

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv79 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 80

avc-1BDwbqb Dbœqb mgš^q KwgwU MVb

mgqKvj: †deªæqvix

avc-5BDwci we‡kl mfvq cwiKíbv

Ges ev‡RU Aby‡gv`b mgqKvj: †g

avc-2IqvW© mfvi Av‡qvRb Kiv mgqKvj: gv‡P©i 1g mßvn

avc-3BDwc Dbœqb KwgwU

KZ…©K cÖKí PzovšÍKiYmgqKvj: gv‡P©i †kl mßvn

avc-4BDwc Dbœqb KwgwU

KZ…©K cÖKí PzovšÍKiYmgqKvj: gv‡P©i †kl mßvn

wPÎt AskMÖnYg~jK cwiKíbv I ev‡R‡Ui avc I mgqmxgv

avc Abymv‡i cÖavb Kvh©µg

avc-1: BDwbqb Dbœqb mgš^q KwgwU MVb

cÖ_g chv©‡q BDwc BDwbqb Dbœqb KwgwU MVb Ki‡e| GB KwgwU BDwci mv‡_ e‡m †deªæqvix gv‡mi Dbœqb cwiKíbv ˆZixi D‡`¨vM wb‡e| ’vbxq miKvi AvBb 2009 Gi ÿgZvi Aa¨vq 95 Abyhvqx ’vbxq miKvi BDwbqb Dbœqb mgš^q KwgwUi KvVv‡gvi †Nvlbv w`‡e| KvVv‡gv wbb¥iæc:

µwgK bs wbav©wiZ e¨w³eM© KwgwU‡Z Zv‡`i c`ex

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†Pqvig¨vb BDwc

mKj BDwc m`m¨

mKj Kvh©Kix KwgwUi m`m¨e„›`

Dc-mnKvix cÖ‡KŠkjx, GjwRBwW

mnKvix cÖv_wgK wkÿv Kg©KZv©

Dc-mnKvix K…wl Kg©KZv©, K…wl m¤úªmvwiZ Awa`ßi

cï‡ivM welqK gvV mnKvix, cÖvYxm¤ú` Awa`ßi

cï‡ivM welqK gvV mnKvix (RvZ Dbœqb) cÖvYxm¤ú` Awa`ßi

gvV mnKvix, grm¨ Awa`ßi

Dc-mnKvix KwgDwbwU ¯^v¯’¨ cwi`k©K, ¯^v¯’¨ Awa`ßi

mnKvix ¯^v¯’¨ cwi`k©K, ¯^v¯’¨ Awa`ßi

mfvcwZ

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

mnKvix ¯^v¯’¨ cwi`k©K, ¯^v¯’¨ Awa`ßi

cwievi cwiKíbv cwi`k©K, cwievi cwiKíbv Awa`ßi

cwievi Kj¨vY mnKvix, cwievi cwiKíbv Awa`ßi

BDwc mgvR Kg©x, mgvR Kj¨vY Awa`ßi

BDwbqb †bZv, Avbmvi Ges wfwWwc

bjK‚c wgw¯¿, Rb¯^v¯’¨ cÖ‡KŠkj wefvM

KwgDwbwU msMVK, GjwRBwW

gvV msMVK, weAviwWwe

weevn wbeÜbKvix (KvRx), GjwR Ges msm` welqK gš¿Yvjq KZ…K wb‡qvMK…Z

¯‹zj e¨e¯’vcbv KwgwUi cÖwZwbwa (1Rb cÖv_wgK we`¨vjq Ges 1Rb gva¨wgK we`¨vjq)

GbwRI cÖwZwbwa (gvV msMVK-1)

mvgvwRK msMV‡bi cÖwZwbwa-1

¯’vbxq e¨emv cÖwZôv‡bi cÖwZwbwa-1

ag©xq cÖwZwbwa-1

bvix cÖwZwbwa -2

BDwc mwPe

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨ mwPe

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BDwbqb Dbœqb mgš^q KwgwUi cÖavb KvR¸‡jv wbb¥iæc

1. BDwbq‡bi Av_©-mvgvwRK Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ cwiKíbv Zix, ev¯Íveqb Ges mgš^‡q mnvqZv Kiv

2. BDwbq‡bi AvBb-k„•Ljv cwiw¯’wZi Dbœqb Ges Zv Kvh©Kwi Kivi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡ÿc MÖnY Kiv |

3. miKv‡ii wewfbœ Awa`ßi KZ…©K ev¯ÍevwqZ mKj Dbœqb Kvh©µg Ges we‡kl †Kvb NUbv chv©‡jvPbv K‡i †`Lv, mycvwikmn AbyK~j Ae¯’v Zix‡Z cÖ‡qvRbxq mn‡hvMxZv †`Iqv|

4. †mevi gvb chv©‡jvPbv Kiv, RbM‡Yi mwZ¨Kvi Pvwn`v hvPvB Kiv Ges wewfbœ Dbœqb ms¯’vi mv‡_ e‡m cwiKíbvi h_vh_ ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ Kvh©Kwi mgš^q Kiv|

5. RbM‡Yi Rxe‡bi gvb e„wׇZ Dbœqb mn‡hvMxZvi m‡ev©”P e¨env‡ii Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡ÿc MÖnY Kiv|

6. wewfbœ Dbœ&qb ms¯’v, †mev †K›`ª, Dc‡Rjv cwil` Ges mgvR Kg©x‡`i mv‡_ Nwbó mgš^q I †hvMv‡hvM iÿv Kiv|

7. ¯’vbxq m¤ú` AvniY Ges Zvi m‡ev©”P e¨envi wbwðZ Ki‡Y ev¯Íe mb¥Z e¨e¯’v MÖnY Kiv|

8. BDwbq‡bi Dbqœ ‡bi Rb¨ †h mg Í msMVb KvR Ki‡Q †mme msMVb ev GKK e¨w³‡K Drmvn †`Iqvi Rb¨ ciy ¯‹v‡ii e¨e¯v’ Kiv|

9. ¯’vbxq Dbœq‡bi †ÿ‡Î wkÿY Ges fv‡jv D`vniY ‡jv msMÖn Kiv Ges BDwbq‡bi fwel¨Z Dbœq‡b †m¸‡jvi e¨envi Kiv|

10.BDwbq‡bi bvMwiK‡`i Rxebgvb Dbœq‡b cÖ‡qvRbxq e¨e¯’v MÖnY Kiv|

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv81 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 82

avc-1BDwbqb Dbœqb mgš^q KwgwU MVb

mgqKvj: †deªæqvix

avc-5BDwci we‡kl mfvq cwiKíbv

Ges ev‡RU Aby‡gv`b mgqKvj: †g

avc-2IqvW© mfvi Av‡qvRb Kiv mgqKvj: gv‡P©i 1g mßvn

avc-3BDwc Dbœqb KwgwU

KZ…©K cÖKí PzovšÍKiYmgqKvj: gv‡P©i †kl mßvn

avc-4BDwc Dbœqb KwgwU

KZ…©K cÖKí PzovšÍKiYmgqKvj: gv‡P©i †kl mßvn

wPÎt AskMÖnYg~jK cwiKíbv I ev‡R‡Ui avc I mgqmxgv

avc Abymv‡i cÖavb Kvh©µg

avc-1: BDwbqb Dbœqb mgš^q KwgwU MVb

cÖ_g chv©‡q BDwc BDwbqb Dbœqb KwgwU MVb Ki‡e| GB KwgwU BDwci mv‡_ e‡m †deªæqvix gv‡mi Dbœqb cwiKíbv ˆZixi D‡`¨vM wb‡e| ’vbxq miKvi AvBb 2009 Gi ÿgZvi Aa¨vq 95 Abyhvqx ’vbxq miKvi BDwbqb Dbœqb mgš^q KwgwUi KvVv‡gvi †Nvlbv w`‡e| KvVv‡gv wbb¥iæc:

µwgK bs wbav©wiZ e¨w³eM© KwgwU‡Z Zv‡`i c`ex

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†Pqvig¨vb BDwc

mKj BDwc m`m¨

mKj Kvh©Kix KwgwUi m`m¨e„›`

Dc-mnKvix cÖ‡KŠkjx, GjwRBwW

mnKvix cÖv_wgK wkÿv Kg©KZv©

Dc-mnKvix K…wl Kg©KZv©, K…wl m¤úªmvwiZ Awa`ßi

cï‡ivM welqK gvV mnKvix, cÖvYxm¤ú` Awa`ßi

cï‡ivM welqK gvV mnKvix (RvZ Dbœqb) cÖvYxm¤ú` Awa`ßi

gvV mnKvix, grm¨ Awa`ßi

Dc-mnKvix KwgDwbwU ¯^v¯’¨ cwi`k©K, ¯^v¯’¨ Awa`ßi

mnKvix ¯^v¯’¨ cwi`k©K, ¯^v¯’¨ Awa`ßi

mfvcwZ

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

mnKvix ¯^v¯’¨ cwi`k©K, ¯^v¯’¨ Awa`ßi

cwievi cwiKíbv cwi`k©K, cwievi cwiKíbv Awa`ßi

cwievi Kj¨vY mnKvix, cwievi cwiKíbv Awa`ßi

BDwc mgvR Kg©x, mgvR Kj¨vY Awa`ßi

BDwbqb †bZv, Avbmvi Ges wfwWwc

bjK‚c wgw¯¿, Rb¯^v¯’¨ cÖ‡KŠkj wefvM

KwgDwbwU msMVK, GjwRBwW

gvV msMVK, weAviwWwe

weevn wbeÜbKvix (KvRx), GjwR Ges msm` welqK gš¿Yvjq KZ…K wb‡qvMK…Z

¯‹zj e¨e¯’vcbv KwgwUi cÖwZwbwa (1Rb cÖv_wgK we`¨vjq Ges 1Rb gva¨wgK we`¨vjq)

GbwRI cÖwZwbwa (gvV msMVK-1)

mvgvwRK msMV‡bi cÖwZwbwa-1

¯’vbxq e¨emv cÖwZôv‡bi cÖwZwbwa-1

ag©xq cÖwZwbwa-1

bvix cÖwZwbwa -2

BDwc mwPe

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨

m`m¨ mwPe

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BDwbqb Dbœqb mgš^q KwgwUi cÖavb KvR¸‡jv wbb¥iæc

1. BDwbq‡bi Av_©-mvgvwRK Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ cwiKíbv Zix, ev¯Íveqb Ges mgš^‡q mnvqZv Kiv

2. BDwbq‡bi AvBb-k„•Ljv cwiw¯’wZi Dbœqb Ges Zv Kvh©Kwi Kivi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡ÿc MÖnY Kiv |

3. miKv‡ii wewfbœ Awa`ßi KZ…©K ev¯ÍevwqZ mKj Dbœqb Kvh©µg Ges we‡kl †Kvb NUbv chv©‡jvPbv K‡i †`Lv, mycvwikmn AbyK~j Ae¯’v Zix‡Z cÖ‡qvRbxq mn‡hvMxZv †`Iqv|

4. †mevi gvb chv©‡jvPbv Kiv, RbM‡Yi mwZ¨Kvi Pvwn`v hvPvB Kiv Ges wewfbœ Dbœqb ms¯’vi mv‡_ e‡m cwiKíbvi h_vh_ ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ Kvh©Kwi mgš^q Kiv|

5. RbM‡Yi Rxe‡bi gvb e„wׇZ Dbœqb mn‡hvMxZvi m‡ev©”P e¨env‡ii Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡ÿc MÖnY Kiv|

6. wewfbœ Dbœ&qb ms¯’v, †mev †K›`ª, Dc‡Rjv cwil` Ges mgvR Kg©x‡`i mv‡_ Nwbó mgš^q I †hvMv‡hvM iÿv Kiv|

7. ¯’vbxq m¤ú` AvniY Ges Zvi m‡ev©”P e¨envi wbwðZ Ki‡Y ev¯Íe mb¥Z e¨e¯’v MÖnY Kiv|

8. BDwbq‡bi Dbqœ ‡bi Rb¨ †h mg Í msMVb KvR Ki‡Q †mme msMVb ev GKK e¨w³‡K Drmvn †`Iqvi Rb¨ ciy ¯‹v‡ii e¨e¯v’ Kiv|

9. ¯’vbxq Dbœq‡bi †ÿ‡Î wkÿY Ges fv‡jv D`vniY ‡jv msMÖn Kiv Ges BDwbq‡bi fwel¨Z Dbœq‡b †m¸‡jvi e¨envi Kiv|

10.BDwbq‡bi bvMwiK‡`i Rxebgvb Dbœq‡b cÖ‡qvRbxq e¨e¯’v MÖnY Kiv|

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv81 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 82

BDwbqb Dbœqb mgš^q KwgwU cÖwZ yB gvm cici mfv Ki‡e Ges cieZ©x 7 w`‡i g‡a¨ mfvi b_x Dc‡Rjv †Pqvig¨vb, BDGbI Ges mswkøó mK‡ji Kv‡Q cvwV‡q w`‡e|

wØZxq avc n‡jv ¯’vbxq RbMY‡K IqvW© mfvq m¤ú„³ K‡i ¯’vbxq Pvwn`v I mgm¨v wPwýZ Kivi gva¨‡g AskMÖnYg~jK cwiKíbv MÖnb Kiv| Rb¨ BDwc m`m¨iv gvBKs ev mvavib †Nvlbvi gva¨‡g ’vbxq RbmvaviY Ges wewfbœ m¤úª`v‡qi cÖwZwbwamn (Kgc‡ÿ †fvUv‡ii 5%) MYRvg‡qZ Ki‡e| ¯’vbxq BDwc m`m¨ D³ IqvW© mfvq mevcwZZ¡ Ki‡e Ges mswkøó gwnjv cÖwZwbwa Dc‡`óv wn‡m‡e vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡e|

¯’vbxq miKvi gš¿vj‡qi Dbœqb cwiKíbv AvBb 2011 Abymv‡i Db¥y³ mfvi gva¨‡g Rbmvavi‡Yi gvZgZ MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e| cª‡qvRbxq Z_¨ I cÖK‡íi AMÖwaKv‡ii Rb¨ erm‡i Kgc‡ÿ yÕwU IqvW© mfvi Av‡qvRb Ki‡Z n‡e|

†gvUK_v, wb‡b¥v³ fv‡e IqvW© mfv cÖKí wbav©ib Ges ZvwjKv fz³ Ki‡Z Ae`vb iv‡L:

avc-2: IqvW© mfvi Av‡qvRb Kiv (cÖKí MÖn‡Yi Rb¨)

AskMÖnb g~jK Dbœhb cwiKíbv

Pvwn`v/mgm¨v wPwýZ KiYGes AMÖvwaKvi KiY cÖKí wbav©ib Ges AMÖMY¨Zv mswÿß ZvwjKv

IqvW© mfvi ÿgZv Ges Kvhv©ejx

� BDwbqb Dbœqb cwiKíbv cÖYq‡bi Rb¨ cÖ‡hvRbxq Z_¨ msMÖn Ges Zvi AMÖMY¨Zvi †ÿ‡Î Ae`vb ivL‡Z mnvqZv Kiv|

� Dbœqb Kg©m~wP Ges cÖKí Zix I Zvi AMÖvwaKvi KiY †h¸‡jv IqvW© chv©‡q Kiv iKvi|

� gv‡P©i 1g mßv‡ni g‡a¨ Dbœqb KwgwUi mnvqZvq Lmov cwiKíbv PzovšÍKiY

� IqvW© chv©‡q Dbœqb Kg©m~Pxmn Pjgvb Kvh©µg, A_© eivÏ Ges MZ eQ‡ii evrmwiK cÖwZ‡e`b Av‡jvPbv I chv©‡jvPbv Kiv|

Pvwn`/mgm¨vi eY©bvµwgK bs AMÖwaKvi gvÎv

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avc-3: BDwbqb Dbœqb KwgwU KZ…©K cÖKí PzovšÍKiY

avc-4: Db¥y³ ev‡RU

GB av‡c BDwbqb Dbœqb KwgwU mswÿß Pvwn`v Ges Zvi AMÖwaKvi ZvwjKv ˆZix Ki‡e †h¸‡jv IqvW© mfvi gva¨‡g cÖ¯Íve Kiv n‡e| wbb¥wjwLZ gvb`‡Ði gva¨‡g cÖKí we‡ePbv Kvi n‡e:

� msw¶ß ZvwjKvf~³ cÖKí msL¨vMwiô ‡ji Kj¨v‡Y ^xK…Z

� wbe©vwPZ Pvwn`v wi`ª m¤úª`v‡qi Rb¨ mnvqK

� GwU bvix evÜe

� GwU mvgvwRK Av`k© Ges cwi‡ekMZ Kvh©KvixZv we‡ePbv K‡i

� BwZg‡a¨ ‡h cÖKíwU‡K ’vbxq Pvwn`vi wbwi‡L we‡ePbv Kiv n‡q‡Q Zv †hb c~‡e©i cÖK‡íi m‡½ mvsNwlK© bv nq|

� wbevwPZ Pvwn`v †hb †hŠwZK nq (¯’vbxq m¤ú` Ges AMÖvwaKv‡ii Av‡jv‡K) |

gv‡P©i 1g mßv‡n Dbœqb cwiKíbv KwgwUi AvnevqK (BDwc KZ©K wbav©wiZ) BDwbqb cwil‡` Dc¯’vcb Ki‡e| BDwbqb cwil‡`i c~Yv©½ KwgwUmn yÕwU ÷¨vwÛ© KwgwU (A_© Ges ms¯’vcb KwgwU Ges Avw_©K bxwiÿv Ges wnmve KwgwU) cÖKí¸‡jv chv©‡jvPbv Ki‡e Ges chv©‡jvPbv †k‡l ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ Dbœqb cÖKí PzovšÍ Kiv nq|

GwcÖ‡ji 1g mßv‡n BDwbqb cwil` ¯’vbxq bvMwiK‡`i Db¥y³ ev‡RU Awa‡ek‡b Avgš¿Y Rvbv‡e Ges BDwbq‡bi ev‡RU

Pwn`v/mgm¨v wbiæcb Ges AMÖMY¨Zvi †Uwej:¯’vbxq Pvwn`v/mgm¨v wbiæcb Ges AMÖwaKv‡ii Rb¨ GB †Uwej e¨envi Kiæb

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv83 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 64

BDwbqb Dbœqb mgš^q KwgwU cÖwZ yB gvm cici mfv Ki‡e Ges cieZ©x 7 w`‡i g‡a¨ mfvi b_x Dc‡Rjv †Pqvig¨vb, BDGbI Ges mswkøó mK‡ji Kv‡Q cvwV‡q w`‡e|

wØZxq avc n‡jv ¯’vbxq RbMY‡K IqvW© mfvq m¤ú„³ K‡i ¯’vbxq Pvwn`v I mgm¨v wPwýZ Kivi gva¨‡g AskMÖnYg~jK cwiKíbv MÖnb Kiv| Rb¨ BDwc m`m¨iv gvBKs ev mvavib †Nvlbvi gva¨‡g ’vbxq RbmvaviY Ges wewfbœ m¤úª`v‡qi cÖwZwbwamn (Kgc‡ÿ †fvUv‡ii 5%) MYRvg‡qZ Ki‡e| ¯’vbxq BDwc m`m¨ D³ IqvW© mfvq mevcwZZ¡ Ki‡e Ges mswkøó gwnjv cÖwZwbwa Dc‡`óv wn‡m‡e vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡e|

¯’vbxq miKvi gš¿vj‡qi Dbœqb cwiKíbv AvBb 2011 Abymv‡i Db¥y³ mfvi gva¨‡g Rbmvavi‡Yi gvZgZ MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e| cª‡qvRbxq Z_¨ I cÖK‡íi AMÖwaKv‡ii Rb¨ erm‡i Kgc‡ÿ yÕwU IqvW© mfvi Av‡qvRb Ki‡Z n‡e|

†gvUK_v, wb‡b¥v³ fv‡e IqvW© mfv cÖKí wbav©ib Ges ZvwjKv fz³ Ki‡Z Ae`vb iv‡L:

avc-2: IqvW© mfvi Av‡qvRb Kiv (cÖKí MÖn‡Yi Rb¨)

AskMÖnb g~jK Dbœhb cwiKíbv

Pvwn`v/mgm¨v wPwýZ KiYGes AMÖvwaKvi KiY cÖKí wbav©ib Ges AMÖMY¨Zv mswÿß ZvwjKv

IqvW© mfvi ÿgZv Ges Kvhv©ejx

� BDwbqb Dbœqb cwiKíbv cÖYq‡bi Rb¨ cÖ‡hvRbxq Z_¨ msMÖn Ges Zvi AMÖMY¨Zvi †ÿ‡Î Ae`vb ivL‡Z mnvqZv Kiv|

� Dbœqb Kg©m~wP Ges cÖKí Zix I Zvi AMÖvwaKvi KiY †h¸‡jv IqvW© chv©‡q Kiv iKvi|

� gv‡P©i 1g mßv‡ni g‡a¨ Dbœqb KwgwUi mnvqZvq Lmov cwiKíbv PzovšÍKiY

� IqvW© chv©‡q Dbœqb Kg©m~Pxmn Pjgvb Kvh©µg, A_© eivÏ Ges MZ eQ‡ii evrmwiK cÖwZ‡e`b Av‡jvPbv I chv©‡jvPbv Kiv|

Pvwn`/mgm¨vi eY©bvµwgK bs AMÖwaKvi gvÎv

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avc-3: BDwbqb Dbœqb KwgwU KZ…©K cÖKí PzovšÍKiY

avc-4: Db¥y³ ev‡RU

GB av‡c BDwbqb Dbœqb KwgwU mswÿß Pvwn`v Ges Zvi AMÖwaKvi ZvwjKv ˆZix Ki‡e †h¸‡jv IqvW© mfvi gva¨‡g cÖ¯Íve Kiv n‡e| wbb¥wjwLZ gvb`‡Ði gva¨‡g cÖKí we‡ePbv Kvi n‡e:

� msw¶ß ZvwjKvf~³ cÖKí msL¨vMwiô ‡ji Kj¨v‡Y ^xK…Z

� wbe©vwPZ Pvwn`v wi`ª m¤úª`v‡qi Rb¨ mnvqK

� GwU bvix evÜe

� GwU mvgvwRK Av`k© Ges cwi‡ekMZ Kvh©KvixZv we‡ePbv K‡i

� BwZg‡a¨ ‡h cÖKíwU‡K ’vbxq Pvwn`vi wbwi‡L we‡ePbv Kiv n‡q‡Q Zv †hb c~‡e©i cÖK‡íi m‡½ mvsNwlK© bv nq|

� wbevwPZ Pvwn`v †hb †hŠwZK nq (¯’vbxq m¤ú` Ges AMÖvwaKv‡ii Av‡jv‡K) |

gv‡P©i 1g mßv‡n Dbœqb cwiKíbv KwgwUi AvnevqK (BDwc KZ©K wbav©wiZ) BDwbqb cwil‡` Dc¯’vcb Ki‡e| BDwbqb cwil‡`i c~Yv©½ KwgwUmn yÕwU ÷¨vwÛ© KwgwU (A_© Ges ms¯’vcb KwgwU Ges Avw_©K bxwiÿv Ges wnmve KwgwU) cÖKí¸‡jv chv©‡jvPbv Ki‡e Ges chv©‡jvPbv †k‡l ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ Dbœqb cÖKí PzovšÍ Kiv nq|

GwcÖ‡ji 1g mßv‡n BDwbqb cwil` ¯’vbxq bvMwiK‡`i Db¥y³ ev‡RU Awa‡ek‡b Avgš¿Y Rvbv‡e Ges BDwbq‡bi ev‡RU

Pwn`v/mgm¨v wbiæcb Ges AMÖMY¨Zvi †Uwej:¯’vbxq Pvwn`v/mgm¨v wbiæcb Ges AMÖwaKv‡ii Rb¨ GB †Uwej e¨envi Kiæb

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv83 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 64

PzovšÍKi‡Y Zv‡`i gZvgZ PvB‡e| Db¥y³ ev‡RU Awa‡ek‡b Av‡jvPbv †k‡l wKQ’ cwieZ©bmn (hw` _v‡K) Rbmvavi‡Yi mivmwi gZvg‡Zi wfwˇZ BDwc KZ„©K cwil‡`i ev‡RU PzovšÍ Kiv nq|

†kl av‡c, BDwbqb cwil` cwiKíbv Ges ev‡RU PzovšÍ Ki‡Yi Rb¨ GKUv we‡kl mfv Avnevb Ki‡e| Gici Dc‡Rjv wbe©vnx Awdmv‡ii Kv‡Q Aby‡gvw`Z cwiKíbv Ges ev‡RU PzovšÍ Aby‡gv`‡bi Rb¨ cvVv‡bv nq|

BDwci cÖavb yÕwU A‡_©i Drm Av‡Q;

1. BDwc ivR¯^ Znwej

2. BDwc Dbœqb Znwej

BDwbqb cwil` cÖwZ eQi cieZx© eQ‡ii 60 w`b c~‡e© Avq-e¨‡qi wnmve ˆZix K‡i Ges Zv ÷¨vwÐs KwgwU Ges Rbmvavi‡Yi mvg‡b Dc¯’vcb K‡i| (58(3) Aa¨vq BDc GjwR G¨v± 2009).

1. BDwc ivR¯^ Znwej

� ¯’vbxq nvU evRvi, Rjgnj, BU fvUv Ges Lvm Rwg n‡Z Aby‡gvw`Z U¨v·/nvi / wd msMÖn

� wewfbœ e¨w³ / cÖwZôvb n‡Z cªvß Znwej

� Avw_©K wewb‡qvM †_‡K gybvdv msMÖn

� miKv‡ii wb‡qvMK…Z KvR n‡Z wbav©wiZ Avq

� miKvix wbqg I wb‡`©k Abyhvqx ivR¯^ msMÖn

� Av‡Mi eQ‡ii AwZwi³ Dbœqb Znwej (wbw`©ó Dbœqb cwiKíbvq e¨q AwZwi³ Avq)

� evwl©K Dbœqb cwiKíbv †_‡K A_© eivÏ

� AwZwi³ ivR¯^,

� ¯’vbxq A_©vqb

� Dc‡Rjv ev †Rjv cwil` †_‡K cÖvß A_©

� Ab¨vb¨ Dbœqb cÖKí n‡Z A‡_©i Drm

� Ab¨ BDwci mv‡_ mgwš^Z Dbœqb cÖKí ev¯Íevq‡bi gva¨‡g cÖvß A_©

� ¯’vbxq KZ…©cÿ ev ms¯’vi mv‡_ cÖKí ev¯Íeq‡bi Pzw³i gva¨‡g cÖvß A_©

� miKv‡ii GjwRGmwc - Gj AvB wm n‡Z cÖvß A_© mnvqZv

avc-5: BDwci we‡kl mfvq cwiKíbv Ges ev‡RU Aby‡gv`b

M. BDwci A‡_©i cªavb Drm

BDwci Av‡qi cÖavb Drm¯’vbxq m¤ú`B BDwci Av‡qi cÖavb Drm

2. BDwc Dbœqb Znwe‡ji cÖavb Drm

N. BDwci ev‡RU PµBDGmGAvBwW Gi A_©vq‡b GmwWGjwR cÖK‡íi cÖwkÿb gwWDj Abymv‡i BDwbqb cwil‡`i ev‡RUPµ wb‡¤§ †`Iqv n‡jv:

IqvW© mfv/wgwUs ¯’vbxq cwiKíbvGes ev‡R‡Ui Av‡jvPbv

BDwc KZ…©K Lmov ev‡RU cÖ¯‘Z

Db¥y³ ev‡RU

BDwci we‡kl mfvq ev‡RU Aby‡gv`b

BDGbI Gi Kv‡Q Aby‡gvw`Zev‡R‡Ui Kwc cvVvb

ev‡RU wVK Kiv (hw` `iKvi nh)

ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ ms‡kvwaZ ev‡RU

avc-1

avc-2

avc-3

avc-4

avc-5

avc-6

avc-7

†deªæqvix

GwcÖj

GwcÖj

31 †g

31 †g

eQ‡ii †h †Kvb mgq

eQ‡ii †h †Kvb mgq

wPÎt BDwbqb cwil` ev‡R‡Ui avc I mgqKvj

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv85 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 86

PzovšÍKi‡Y Zv‡`i gZvgZ PvB‡e| Db¥y³ ev‡RU Awa‡ek‡b Av‡jvPbv †k‡l wKQ’ cwieZ©bmn (hw` _v‡K) Rbmvavi‡Yi mivmwi gZvg‡Zi wfwˇZ BDwc KZ„©K cwil‡`i ev‡RU PzovšÍ Kiv nq|

†kl av‡c, BDwbqb cwil` cwiKíbv Ges ev‡RU PzovšÍ Ki‡Yi Rb¨ GKUv we‡kl mfv Avnevb Ki‡e| Gici Dc‡Rjv wbe©vnx Awdmv‡ii Kv‡Q Aby‡gvw`Z cwiKíbv Ges ev‡RU PzovšÍ Aby‡gv`‡bi Rb¨ cvVv‡bv nq|

BDwci cÖavb yÕwU A‡_©i Drm Av‡Q;

1. BDwc ivR¯^ Znwej

2. BDwc Dbœqb Znwej

BDwbqb cwil` cÖwZ eQi cieZx© eQ‡ii 60 w`b c~‡e© Avq-e¨‡qi wnmve ˆZix K‡i Ges Zv ÷¨vwÐs KwgwU Ges Rbmvavi‡Yi mvg‡b Dc¯’vcb K‡i| (58(3) Aa¨vq BDc GjwR G¨v± 2009).

1. BDwc ivR¯^ Znwej

� ¯’vbxq nvU evRvi, Rjgnj, BU fvUv Ges Lvm Rwg n‡Z Aby‡gvw`Z U¨v·/nvi / wd msMÖn

� wewfbœ e¨w³ / cÖwZôvb n‡Z cªvß Znwej

� Avw_©K wewb‡qvM †_‡K gybvdv msMÖn

� miKv‡ii wb‡qvMK…Z KvR n‡Z wbav©wiZ Avq

� miKvix wbqg I wb‡`©k Abyhvqx ivR¯^ msMÖn

� Av‡Mi eQ‡ii AwZwi³ Dbœqb Znwej (wbw`©ó Dbœqb cwiKíbvq e¨q AwZwi³ Avq)

� evwl©K Dbœqb cwiKíbv †_‡K A_© eivÏ

� AwZwi³ ivR¯^,

� ¯’vbxq A_©vqb

� Dc‡Rjv ev †Rjv cwil` †_‡K cÖvß A_©

� Ab¨vb¨ Dbœqb cÖKí n‡Z A‡_©i Drm

� Ab¨ BDwci mv‡_ mgwš^Z Dbœqb cÖKí ev¯Íevq‡bi gva¨‡g cÖvß A_©

� ¯’vbxq KZ…©cÿ ev ms¯’vi mv‡_ cÖKí ev¯Íeq‡bi Pzw³i gva¨‡g cÖvß A_©

� miKv‡ii GjwRGmwc - Gj AvB wm n‡Z cÖvß A_© mnvqZv

avc-5: BDwci we‡kl mfvq cwiKíbv Ges ev‡RU Aby‡gv`b

M. BDwci A‡_©i cªavb Drm

BDwci Av‡qi cÖavb Drm¯’vbxq m¤ú`B BDwci Av‡qi cÖavb Drm

2. BDwc Dbœqb Znwe‡ji cÖavb Drm

N. BDwci ev‡RU PµBDGmGAvBwW Gi A_©vq‡b GmwWGjwR cÖK‡íi cÖwkÿb gwWDj Abymv‡i BDwbqb cwil‡`i ev‡RUPµ wb‡¤§ †`Iqv n‡jv:

IqvW© mfv/wgwUs ¯’vbxq cwiKíbvGes ev‡R‡Ui Av‡jvPbv

BDwc KZ…©K Lmov ev‡RU cÖ¯‘Z

Db¥y³ ev‡RU

BDwci we‡kl mfvq ev‡RU Aby‡gv`b

BDGbI Gi Kv‡Q Aby‡gvw`Zev‡R‡Ui Kwc cvVvb

ev‡RU wVK Kiv (hw` `iKvi nh)

ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ ms‡kvwaZ ev‡RU

avc-1

avc-2

avc-3

avc-4

avc-5

avc-6

avc-7

†deªæqvix

GwcÖj

GwcÖj

31 †g

31 †g

eQ‡ii †h †Kvb mgq

eQ‡ii †h †Kvb mgq

wPÎt BDwbqb cwil` ev‡R‡Ui avc I mgqKvj

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv85 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 86

Aa¨vqZ_¨ AwaKviGes ¯’vbxq kvmb

Aa¨vq mßg

mßg Aa¨vq

GB Aa¨vq †k‡l AskMÖnY Kvixiv hv Rvb‡Z cvi‡et� Z_¨ AwaKv‡ii aviYvMZ A_© Ges cUf~wg eyS‡Z cvi‡eb|

� BDwbqb ch©v‡q Z_¨ AwaKv‡ii (Avi wU AvB) AvBbx weavb m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb|

� Z_¨ AwaKv‡i gvby‡li cÖ‡ekMg¨Zv wKfv‡e evov‡bv hvq †m m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb|

K. Z_¨ AwaKvi wK? (2009 AviwUAvB AvBb Abymv‡i) |

L. BDwbqb ch©v‡q Z_¨ AwaKv‡ii (AviwUAvB) AvBbx weavb|

M. BDwbqb ch©v‡q AviwU AvB Gi Dbœq‡bi Dcvq|

Z_¨ AwaKvi AvBb - 2009 Gi aviv-2 (Q) Abymv‡i Z_¨ AwaKvi ej‡Z †h †Kvb KZ©„c‡ÿi wbKU †_‡K Z_¨ AR©b‡K eySvq| †hgbt � †Kvb †g‡gv

� †Kvb bKmv ev gvbwPÎ

� Pzw³ ev wnmve

� WvUv, jM eB, wb‡`©kbv ev cÖÁvcb

� `wjj, bgybv, wPwVcÎ, cÖwZ‡e`b Ges cÖKí cÖ¯Ívebv

� Av‡jvKwPÎ, AwWI, AsKb, wPÎKg©, Pjw”PÎ, B‡jKUªwbK hš¿cvwZ

� cvV‡hvM¨ wjj, Z_¨wPÎ DcKiY

� msweavb Ges †Kvb KZ©„c¶ KZ©„K Kvh©Kjv‡ci Abywjwc

Z‡e AvBb Øviv Av‡ivwcZ †Kvb MÖnb‡hvM¨ evuavwb‡la hw` _v‡K Zvn‡j iv‡óªi wbivcËvi ¯^v‡_©, ˆe‡`wkK iv‡óªi mv‡_ eÜzZ¡c~Y© m¤úK©, miKvix wb‡`©kbv, wkóvPvi ev ˆbwZKZv, Av`vj‡Zi Av‡`k‡K Aegvbbv, gvbnvwbKi A_ev Ab¨v‡qi cÖwZ cÖ‡ivPbv (Aa¨vq-7, Z_¨ AwaKvi AvBb - 2009)|

evsjv‡`‡k, cÖ_gZt evsjv‡`k †cÖm KvDwÝj 1983 mv‡j miKvix Z_¨ cÖKvk Kivi Rb¨ ^vaxbZv †P‡q GKwU cÖKvkbv †ei K‡i| Gici A‡bK cÖwZôvb miKvix Z‡_¨ RbM‡Yi cÖ‡ekMg¨Zvi Rb¨ Awacivgk© ïiæ K‡i| d‡j, evsjv‡`k AvBb Kwgkb 2002 mv‡j Z_¨ AwaKvi AvB‡bi Lmov cÖ¯‘Z K‡i †hUv †Kvb fv‡eB Kvh©Kwi nq wb| 2006 mv‡j miKvwi Z‡_¨ RbM‡Yi

Z_¨ AwaKvi Ges ¯’vbxq kvmb

Aa¨v‡qi D‡Ïk¨

†mk‡bi m~PxcÎ

K. Z_¨ AwaKvi wK? (2009 AviwUAvB AvBb Abymv‡i)

Z_¨ AwaKvi AvB‡bi cUf~wg

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 88

Aa¨vqZ_¨ AwaKviGes ¯’vbxq kvmb

Aa¨vq mßg

mßg Aa¨vq

GB Aa¨vq †k‡l AskMÖnY Kvixiv hv Rvb‡Z cvi‡et� Z_¨ AwaKv‡ii aviYvMZ A_© Ges cUf~wg eyS‡Z cvi‡eb|

� BDwbqb ch©v‡q Z_¨ AwaKv‡ii (Avi wU AvB) AvBbx weavb m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb|

� Z_¨ AwaKv‡i gvby‡li cÖ‡ekMg¨Zv wKfv‡e evov‡bv hvq †m m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb|

K. Z_¨ AwaKvi wK? (2009 AviwUAvB AvBb Abymv‡i) |

L. BDwbqb ch©v‡q Z_¨ AwaKv‡ii (AviwUAvB) AvBbx weavb|

M. BDwbqb ch©v‡q AviwU AvB Gi Dbœq‡bi Dcvq|

Z_¨ AwaKvi AvBb - 2009 Gi aviv-2 (Q) Abymv‡i Z_¨ AwaKvi ej‡Z †h †Kvb KZ©„c‡ÿi wbKU †_‡K Z_¨ AR©b‡K eySvq| †hgbt � †Kvb †g‡gv

� †Kvb bKmv ev gvbwPÎ

� Pzw³ ev wnmve

� WvUv, jM eB, wb‡`©kbv ev cÖÁvcb

� `wjj, bgybv, wPwVcÎ, cÖwZ‡e`b Ges cÖKí cÖ¯Ívebv

� Av‡jvKwPÎ, AwWI, AsKb, wPÎKg©, Pjw”PÎ, B‡jKUªwbK hš¿cvwZ

� cvV‡hvM¨ wjj, Z_¨wPÎ DcKiY

� msweavb Ges †Kvb KZ©„c¶ KZ©„K Kvh©Kjv‡ci Abywjwc

Z‡e AvBb Øviv Av‡ivwcZ †Kvb MÖnb‡hvM¨ evuavwb‡la hw` _v‡K Zvn‡j iv‡óªi wbivcËvi ¯^v‡_©, ˆe‡`wkK iv‡óªi mv‡_ eÜzZ¡c~Y© m¤úK©, miKvix wb‡`©kbv, wkóvPvi ev ˆbwZKZv, Av`vj‡Zi Av‡`k‡K Aegvbbv, gvbnvwbKi A_ev Ab¨v‡qi cÖwZ cÖ‡ivPbv (Aa¨vq-7, Z_¨ AwaKvi AvBb - 2009)|

evsjv‡`‡k, cÖ_gZt evsjv‡`k †cÖm KvDwÝj 1983 mv‡j miKvix Z_¨ cÖKvk Kivi Rb¨ ^vaxbZv †P‡q GKwU cÖKvkbv †ei K‡i| Gici A‡bK cÖwZôvb miKvix Z‡_¨ RbM‡Yi cÖ‡ekMg¨Zvi Rb¨ Awacivgk© ïiæ K‡i| d‡j, evsjv‡`k AvBb Kwgkb 2002 mv‡j Z_¨ AwaKvi AvB‡bi Lmov cÖ¯‘Z K‡i †hUv †Kvb fv‡eB Kvh©Kwi nq wb| 2006 mv‡j miKvwi Z‡_¨ RbM‡Yi

Z_¨ AwaKvi Ges ¯’vbxq kvmb

Aa¨v‡qi D‡Ïk¨

†mk‡bi m~PxcÎ

K. Z_¨ AwaKvi wK? (2009 AviwUAvB AvBb Abymv‡i)

Z_¨ AwaKvi AvB‡bi cUf~wg

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 88

cÖ‡ekvwaKv‡ii Rb¨ AvB‡bi `vwe‡Z †Rvivov‡jv Av‡›`vjb ïiæ nq| cwi‡k‡l, 2008 mv‡j ZZ¡veavqK miKvi RbM‡Yi `vwe †g‡b †bIqvi D‡`¨vM MÖnY K‡i Ges Z_¨ AwaKvi Aa¨v‡`k Kvh©Ki K‡i| GiB avivevwnKZvq 2009 mv‡j 9g RvZxq msm‡` eZ©gvb Z_¨ AwaKvi AvBbwU cvm nq| Z_¨ AwaKvi AvBb - 2009 Abymv‡i, Z_¨ AwaKvi AvBb †gŠwjK gvbevwaKvi wn‡m‡e wPwýZ K‡i hv wewfbœ AwaKvi I vwqZ¡ wn‡m‡e P‡j Av‡m| †hgb:

� cÖ‡Z¨K e¨w³i miKv‡ii Kv‡Q Z†_¨i Rb¨ Aby‡iva Kivi AwaKvi Av‡Q, GgbwK †emiKvix ms¯’vi Kv‡Q †Kvb wba©vwiZ NUbvi Rb¨ Z_¨ PvB‡Z cv‡i|

� miKv‡ii vwqZ¡ n‡jv Aby‡ivaK…Z Z_¨ mieivn Kiv hZÿb bv vq‡gvPb wn‡m‡e wPwýZ nq|

� bvMwiK‡`i KvQ †_‡K Aby‡iva QvovB miKv‡ii vwqZ¡ n‡jv mvaviY gvbyy‡li ^v†_© ¡¯^cÖ‡Yvw`Z n‡q Z_¨ cÖKvk Kiv

bvMwi‡Ki `vex(Z_¨ PvIqv)

mieivn (BDwc/GjG)(Z_¨ mieivn Kiv

Ges Zv mnRjf¨ Kiv)

Z_¨ AwaKviAby‡iva mv‡c‡ÿ Z_¨

Aeva Kiv

¯^cÖ‡Yvw`Z n‡q Z_¨Aeva Kiv

wPÎt Z_¨ AwaKv‡ii †iLvwPÎ

L. BDwbqb ch©v‡q Z_¨ AwaKv‡ii (AviwUAvB) AvBbx weavb evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi 39 Aby‡”Q` Abymv‡i

evsjv‡`‡ki cÖ‡Z¨K bvMwi‡Ki ¯^vaxb wPšÍv, we‡eK, K_v ejvi I cÖKvk Kivi AwaKvi Av‡Q|

2009 mv‡ji Z_¨ AwaKvi AvBb Abymv‡imsweav‡bi eva¨evaKZvi Kvi‡Y AviwUAvB AvB‡b cwiYZ Kiv n‡qwQj (cÖ¯ÍvweZ AviwUAvB G¨v± 2009)| mKj ’vbxq chv©‡qi miKvix cÖwZôv†bi (BDwc/ wRGjG) ¯^cÖ‡Yvw`Z n‡q Ges mvovcÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ Z_¨ Aeva Kivi eva¨evaKZv i‡q‡Q (Aa¨vq 2, 4 Z_¨ AwaKvi AvBb-2009)| Z_¨ AwaKvi AvBb - 2009 Ab¨vb¨ cÖPwjZ AvBb hw` Z_¨ Aeva Kivi †ÿ‡Î Z_¨ AwaKvi AvB‡bi mv‡_ Ø›` Zix K‡i Zvn‡j †m¸‡jv‡K AMÖvn¨ Ki‡e (Aa¨vq 3 AvwUAvB AvBb 2009)|

¯’vbxq miKvi (BDwbqb cwil`) AvBb 2009 bvMwiK‡`i BDwbq‡bi Z_¨ cvIqvi AwaKvi w`‡q‡Q|

eZ©gv‡b evsjv‡`‡ki ‡h †Kvb bvMwi‡Ki BDwbqb cwil` †_‡K †h †Kvb Z_¨ cvevi AvwaKvi Av‡Q| (Aa¨vq 78/1)

BDwci ¯^cÖ‡Yvw`Zfv‡e Z_¨ Db¥y³ KiYBDwc Aek¨B nvjbvMv` ÓbvMwiK mb`Ó Dc¯’vcb Ki‡e †hLv‡b †mevi ZvwjKv, †mev cvIqvi ‡hvM¨Zv Ges †gqv`wbav©wiZ di‡g D‡jøL _vK‡e| (Aa¨vq 49)

cwiKíbv ˆZix‡Z Ges ev‡RU cÖYq‡b ¯^”QZv

� BDwc IqvW© mfvi Db¥y³ bvMwiK mfvq evrmwiK ev‡RU AeMZ Kiv‡e (Aa¨vq 57)|

� IqvW© mfvi bvMwiK wgwUs‡q mycvwik mg~n ev‡RU ‰Zixi mgq AMÖvwaKvi w`‡Z n‡e (Aa¨vq 6 [1L])|

� IqvW© mfvi bvMwiK mfvq Dchy³ DcKvi‡fvMxi ZvwjKv ˆZix Ki‡Z n‡e (Aa¨vq 6 [7])|

� BDwc Db¥y³ bvMwiK mfvi gva¨‡g Zvi evrmwiK ev‡RU PzovšÍ Ki‡e (Aa¨vq 57 [2])|

ev¯Íevq‡b ¯^”QZv

� BDwc Iqv†W©i †gvU †fvUv‡ii Kgc‡ÿ 5% Dcw¯’wZ‡Z erm‡i Kgc‡ÿ `yB evi IqvW©mfv Ki‡e Ges cÖKí ev¯Íevq‡bi AMÖMwZ AeMZ Kiv‡e (Aa¨vq 5, 6, 7)|

� IqvW© mfvq ¯^¯^ BDwc m`m¨MY MZ eQ‡ii AMÖMwZi cÖwZ‡e`b evrmwiK mfvq †NvlYv Ki‡e (Aa¨vq 5 [6])|

� cÖKí ev¯Íevq‡bi AMÖMwZ Ges Li‡Pi wnmve RbMY‡K wb‡q cÖ¯‘Z Ki‡e Ges Iqv†W©i Z_¨ †ev‡W© Zv Db¥y³ ivL‡e (Aa¨vq 6 [2])|

� BDwc Db¥y³ bvMwiK mfvi gva¨‡g Zvi evrmwiK ev‡RU PzovšÍ Ki‡e (Aa¨vq 57 [2])|

Avw_©K e¨e¯’vcbvq ¯^”QZv

�

(Aa¨vq 6 [3])|BDwci wbixÿv cÖwZ‡e`b IqvW© mfvq Av‡jvPbv Ki‡e Ges RbM‡Yi gZvgZ BDwc mfvq Zz‡j ai‡e

Pvwn`v Abyhvqx Z_¨ Db¥y³ KiY

�

(Aa¨vq 79 [1])|†Kvb bvMwiK wbav©wiZ di‡g ev mv`v KvM‡R Z_¨ †P‡q wjwLZ Av‡e`b Ki‡Z cvi‡e (hw` dig bv _v‡K)

BDwc‡Z Z_¨ cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ wbav©wiZ Kg©Pvwi †K?

� BDwc mwPe ev Ab¨ ‡Kvb Kg©Pvwi Z_¨ cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ wbav©wiZ n‡Z cv‡i (Aa¨vq 80[1])|

wbav©wiZ Kg©Pvwii eva¨evaKZv

� wbav©wiZ Kg©KZv© Aek¨B Z_¨ cÖ`vb Ki‡e Ab¨_vq Zvi Rwigvbv A_ev kvw¯Í n‡e (Aa¨vq 80[2])|

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv89 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 90

cÖ‡ekvwaKv‡ii Rb¨ AvB‡bi `vwe‡Z †Rvivov‡jv Av‡›`vjb ïiæ nq| cwi‡k‡l, 2008 mv‡j ZZ¡veavqK miKvi RbM‡Yi `vwe †g‡b †bIqvi D‡`¨vM MÖnY K‡i Ges Z_¨ AwaKvi Aa¨v‡`k Kvh©Ki K‡i| GiB avivevwnKZvq 2009 mv‡j 9g RvZxq msm‡` eZ©gvb Z_¨ AwaKvi AvBbwU cvm nq| Z_¨ AwaKvi AvBb - 2009 Abymv‡i, Z_¨ AwaKvi AvBb †gŠwjK gvbevwaKvi wn‡m‡e wPwýZ K‡i hv wewfbœ AwaKvi I vwqZ¡ wn‡m‡e P‡j Av‡m| †hgb:

� cÖ‡Z¨K e¨w³i miKv‡ii Kv‡Q Z†_¨i Rb¨ Aby‡iva Kivi AwaKvi Av‡Q, GgbwK †emiKvix ms¯’vi Kv‡Q †Kvb wba©vwiZ NUbvi Rb¨ Z_¨ PvB‡Z cv‡i|

� miKv‡ii vwqZ¡ n‡jv Aby‡ivaK…Z Z_¨ mieivn Kiv hZÿb bv vq‡gvPb wn‡m‡e wPwýZ nq|

� bvMwiK‡`i KvQ †_‡K Aby‡iva QvovB miKv‡ii vwqZ¡ n‡jv mvaviY gvbyy‡li ^v†_© ¡¯^cÖ‡Yvw`Z n‡q Z_¨ cÖKvk Kiv

bvMwi‡Ki `vex(Z_¨ PvIqv)

mieivn (BDwc/GjG)(Z_¨ mieivn Kiv

Ges Zv mnRjf¨ Kiv)

Z_¨ AwaKviAby‡iva mv‡c‡ÿ Z_¨

Aeva Kiv

¯^cÖ‡Yvw`Z n‡q Z_¨Aeva Kiv

wPÎt Z_¨ AwaKv‡ii †iLvwPÎ

L. BDwbqb ch©v‡q Z_¨ AwaKv‡ii (AviwUAvB) AvBbx weavb evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi 39 Aby‡”Q` Abymv‡i

evsjv‡`‡ki cÖ‡Z¨K bvMwi‡Ki ¯^vaxb wPšÍv, we‡eK, K_v ejvi I cÖKvk Kivi AwaKvi Av‡Q|

2009 mv‡ji Z_¨ AwaKvi AvBb Abymv‡imsweav‡bi eva¨evaKZvi Kvi‡Y AviwUAvB AvB‡b cwiYZ Kiv n‡qwQj (cÖ¯ÍvweZ AviwUAvB G¨v± 2009)| mKj ’vbxq chv©‡qi miKvix cÖwZôv†bi (BDwc/ wRGjG) ¯^cÖ‡Yvw`Z n‡q Ges mvovcÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ Z_¨ Aeva Kivi eva¨evaKZv i‡q‡Q (Aa¨vq 2, 4 Z_¨ AwaKvi AvBb-2009)| Z_¨ AwaKvi AvBb - 2009 Ab¨vb¨ cÖPwjZ AvBb hw` Z_¨ Aeva Kivi †ÿ‡Î Z_¨ AwaKvi AvB‡bi mv‡_ Ø›` Zix K‡i Zvn‡j †m¸‡jv‡K AMÖvn¨ Ki‡e (Aa¨vq 3 AvwUAvB AvBb 2009)|

¯’vbxq miKvi (BDwbqb cwil`) AvBb 2009 bvMwiK‡`i BDwbq‡bi Z_¨ cvIqvi AwaKvi w`‡q‡Q|

eZ©gv‡b evsjv‡`‡ki ‡h †Kvb bvMwi‡Ki BDwbqb cwil` †_‡K †h †Kvb Z_¨ cvevi AvwaKvi Av‡Q| (Aa¨vq 78/1)

BDwci ¯^cÖ‡Yvw`Zfv‡e Z_¨ Db¥y³ KiYBDwc Aek¨B nvjbvMv` ÓbvMwiK mb`Ó Dc¯’vcb Ki‡e †hLv‡b †mevi ZvwjKv, †mev cvIqvi ‡hvM¨Zv Ges †gqv`wbav©wiZ di‡g D‡jøL _vK‡e| (Aa¨vq 49)

cwiKíbv ˆZix‡Z Ges ev‡RU cÖYq‡b ¯^”QZv

� BDwc IqvW© mfvi Db¥y³ bvMwiK mfvq evrmwiK ev‡RU AeMZ Kiv‡e (Aa¨vq 57)|

� IqvW© mfvi bvMwiK wgwUs‡q mycvwik mg~n ev‡RU ‰Zixi mgq AMÖvwaKvi w`‡Z n‡e (Aa¨vq 6 [1L])|

� IqvW© mfvi bvMwiK mfvq Dchy³ DcKvi‡fvMxi ZvwjKv ˆZix Ki‡Z n‡e (Aa¨vq 6 [7])|

� BDwc Db¥y³ bvMwiK mfvi gva¨‡g Zvi evrmwiK ev‡RU PzovšÍ Ki‡e (Aa¨vq 57 [2])|

ev¯Íevq‡b ¯^”QZv

� BDwc Iqv†W©i †gvU †fvUv‡ii Kgc‡ÿ 5% Dcw¯’wZ‡Z erm‡i Kgc‡ÿ `yB evi IqvW©mfv Ki‡e Ges cÖKí ev¯Íevq‡bi AMÖMwZ AeMZ Kiv‡e (Aa¨vq 5, 6, 7)|

� IqvW© mfvq ¯^¯^ BDwc m`m¨MY MZ eQ‡ii AMÖMwZi cÖwZ‡e`b evrmwiK mfvq †NvlYv Ki‡e (Aa¨vq 5 [6])|

� cÖKí ev¯Íevq‡bi AMÖMwZ Ges Li‡Pi wnmve RbMY‡K wb‡q cÖ¯‘Z Ki‡e Ges Iqv†W©i Z_¨ †ev‡W© Zv Db¥y³ ivL‡e (Aa¨vq 6 [2])|

� BDwc Db¥y³ bvMwiK mfvi gva¨‡g Zvi evrmwiK ev‡RU PzovšÍ Ki‡e (Aa¨vq 57 [2])|

Avw_©K e¨e¯’vcbvq ¯^”QZv

�

(Aa¨vq 6 [3])|BDwci wbixÿv cÖwZ‡e`b IqvW© mfvq Av‡jvPbv Ki‡e Ges RbM‡Yi gZvgZ BDwc mfvq Zz‡j ai‡e

Pvwn`v Abyhvqx Z_¨ Db¥y³ KiY

�

(Aa¨vq 79 [1])|†Kvb bvMwiK wbav©wiZ di‡g ev mv`v KvM‡R Z_¨ †P‡q wjwLZ Av‡e`b Ki‡Z cvi‡e (hw` dig bv _v‡K)

BDwc‡Z Z_¨ cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ wbav©wiZ Kg©Pvwi †K?

� BDwc mwPe ev Ab¨ ‡Kvb Kg©Pvwi Z_¨ cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ wbav©wiZ n‡Z cv‡i (Aa¨vq 80[1])|

wbav©wiZ Kg©Pvwii eva¨evaKZv

� wbav©wiZ Kg©KZv© Aek¨B Z_¨ cÖ`vb Ki‡e Ab¨_vq Zvi Rwigvbv A_ev kvw¯Í n‡e (Aa¨vq 80[2])|

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv89 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 90

M. Z_¨ AwaKv‡i RbM‡Yi cÖ‡ekMg¨Zv evov‡bvi Dcvq

D`vniY

Z_¨ AwaKv‡i RbM‡Yi cÖ‡ekMg¨Zv evov‡bvi Rb¨ iKvi jxq Abykxjb jxq Abykxj‡bi cÖkœ wbb¥iæc:1. eZ©gv‡b bvwMwiKiv wK ai‡bi Z_¨ LyR‡Q Ges fwel¨‡Z wK ai‡bi Z_¨ Zv‡`i iKvi n‡e?

� BDwbq cwil‡`i ivR¯^ m¤úwK©Z Z_¨

� wewfbœ cÖKí m¤ú‡K© DcKvi‡fvMx‡`i Z_¨

� †mev m¤ú‡K© Z_¨

2. eZ©gv‡b ^cÖ‡Yvw`Z n‡q wK ai‡bi Z_¨ RbM‡Yi Rb¨ Db¥y³ Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges wKfv‡e Kiv n‡q‡Q?

eZ©gvb PPv©

D`vniY: (wK?)

� BDwbqb cwl‡`i Avq Ges Li‡Pi wnmve

� BDwbqb cwil‡`i cwiKíbv I ev‡RU

� wewfbœ cÖKí m¤ú‡K© DcKvi‡fvMx‡`i Z_¨

� †mev m¤ú‡K© Z_¨

� Pjgvb †iwRóvi, wjjvw`, AvBb Ges wb‡`©wkKv m¤ú‡K© Z_¨

wK Z_¨? wKfv‡e Db¥y³ Kiv n‡e?

BDwci eZ©gvb Ae¯’v

`jxq Abykxj‡bi gva¨‡g Avgiv BDwci Z_¨ cÖvw߇Z RbM‡Yi cÖ‡ekMg¨Zv wKfv‡e evov‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i Zvi GKwU Kvh©Kwi cwiKíbv Zix Ki‡Z cvwi| wb‡b¥ QK †`Iqv n‡jv :

wK ai‡bi Z_¨?wK fv‡e?

(cvIqvi c×wZ)KLb?

(mgqmxgv)†Kv_vq?(¯’vb)

†K?(`vwqZ¡cÖvß e¨w³) gšÍe¨

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv91 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 92

M. Z_¨ AwaKv‡i RbM‡Yi cÖ‡ekMg¨Zv evov‡bvi Dcvq

D`vniY

Z_¨ AwaKv‡i RbM‡Yi cÖ‡ekMg¨Zv evov‡bvi Rb¨ iKvi jxq Abykxjb jxq Abykxj‡bi cÖkœ wbb¥iæc:1. eZ©gv‡b bvwMwiKiv wK ai‡bi Z_¨ LyR‡Q Ges fwel¨‡Z wK ai‡bi Z_¨ Zv‡`i iKvi n‡e?

� BDwbq cwil‡`i ivR¯^ m¤úwK©Z Z_¨

� wewfbœ cÖKí m¤ú‡K© DcKvi‡fvMx‡`i Z_¨

� †mev m¤ú‡K© Z_¨

2. eZ©gv‡b ^cÖ‡Yvw`Z n‡q wK ai‡bi Z_¨ RbM‡Yi Rb¨ Db¥y³ Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges wKfv‡e Kiv n‡q‡Q?

eZ©gvb PPv©

D`vniY: (wK?)

� BDwbqb cwl‡`i Avq Ges Li‡Pi wnmve

� BDwbqb cwil‡`i cwiKíbv I ev‡RU

� wewfbœ cÖKí m¤ú‡K© DcKvi‡fvMx‡`i Z_¨

� †mev m¤ú‡K© Z_¨

� Pjgvb †iwRóvi, wjjvw`, AvBb Ges wb‡`©wkKv m¤ú‡K© Z_¨

wK Z_¨? wKfv‡e Db¥y³ Kiv n‡e?

BDwci eZ©gvb Ae¯’v

`jxq Abykxj‡bi gva¨‡g Avgiv BDwci Z_¨ cÖvw߇Z RbM‡Yi cÖ‡ekMg¨Zv wKfv‡e evov‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i Zvi GKwU Kvh©Kwi cwiKíbv Zix Ki‡Z cvwi| wb‡b¥ QK †`Iqv n‡jv :

wK ai‡bi Z_¨?wK fv‡e?

(cvIqvi c×wZ)KLb?

(mgqmxgv)†Kv_vq?(¯’vb)

†K?(`vwqZ¡cÖvß e¨w³) gšÍe¨

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv91 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 92

Aa¨vqAvBb mnvqZvGes b¨vq wePv‡icÖ‡ekMg¨Zv

Aa¨vq Aóg

Aóg Aa¨vq

GB Aa¨v‡qi †k‡l AskMÖnbKvixiv hv Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb :� AvBbx mnvqZv A_© I cUf~wg

� evsjv‡`‡k AvBbx mnvqZv AvBbx weavb

� AwZ`wi`ª gvby‡li b¨vq wePvi cÖvw߇Z cÖ‡ekMg¨Zv Ges AvBwb mnvqZvi g‡a¨ †hvMmyÎ

K. wjM¨vj GBW wK?

L. evsjv‡`‡k wjM¨vj GB‡Wi AvBbx weavb

GBW k‡ãi AvwfavwbK A_© ÔmnvqZvÕ| myZivs wjM¨vj GBW A_© AvBbx mnvqZv| AvB‡bi kvmb cÖ‡qv‡Mi Rb¨ Kvh©Kwi nvwZqv‡ii D‡Ï‡k¨ AvBb mnvqZvi (wjM¨vj GBW) aviYvi D™¢e n‡q‡Q Ges mgvb AvBwb myiÿv cvIqvi Rb¨ gvbevwaKvi I mgZvi Aby‡gv`b †`Iqv n‡q‡Q|

GbmvB‡K¬v‡cwWqv weªUvwbKvi mÁvg‡Z AvBb mnvqZv n‡jv †ckvMZ AvBwb mnvqZv hv webvg~‡j¨ ev ¯^íg~‡j¨ `wi`ª e¨w³‡K Zvi cÖ‡qvR‡b †`Iqv n‡q _v‡K| AvšÍ©RvwZK wePvi Kwgkb ¯^xKvi K‡i †h, evsjv n‡”Q GK cÖKvi AvBwb Dc‡`k Ges hv‡K ûgwK †`Iqv n‡q‡Q Zvi Rxeb, ^vaxbZv, m¤ú` Ges mybvg iÿvi Rb¨ Av`vjZ cÖwZwbwaZ¡ Ki‡e †h †mev g~j¨ w`‡Z Amg_©|

Dbœqbkxj †`‡k AvBwb mnqZvi (wjM¨vj GBW) weavb wi`ª Ges we‡kl myweav cÖv߇`i gv‡S AvB‡bi mgZvi weavb Zix Kiv|

K. Avw_©K mnvqZv cÖ`vb, A_ev

L. AvBbMZ wel‡q civgk© ; A_ev

M. Av`vj‡Zi Kv‡Q †Kvb e¨w³i myi¶v

wjM¨vj GB‡Wi aviYv cÖ_‡g Avwe©f‚Z nq †ivgvb mg‡q| wKš‘, 1250 mv‡ji g¨vMbv KvU©vi 40 bs Aby‡”Q‡` wjM¨vj GB‡Wi avibvi cÖ_g KvVv‡gv Zix nq| G‡Z ejv nq †h,

ïiæ‡Z c„w_ex‡Z AvB‡bi Kv‡Q mK‡j mgvb wQj| GB cwi‡cÖwÿ‡Z, AvšÍR©vwZK welq gvbevwaKvi welqwU cieZ©x‡Z Av‡ivI m¤úªmvwiZ K‡i Ges cÖ_g wek¦ hy‡×i c‡i, jxM Ae b¨vkbm Ges gvbevwaKv‡ii †Nvlbvi gva¨‡g ÒABbMZ mnvqZvÓ (wjM¨vj

AvBb mnvqZv Ges b¨vq wePv‡i cÖ‡ekMg¨Zv

Aa¨v‡qi D‡Ïk¨

Awa‡ek‡bi m~PxcÎ

K. wjM¨vj GBW wK?

†ckv`vix AvBwb e¨w³eM© ÔAvBbMZ mnvqZvÕ ej‡Z wb‡Pi wZbwU welq‡K eywS‡q‡Qb

wjM¨vj GB‡Wi aviYvi Dbœqb

ÒwePvi ev AwaKv‡ii wel‡q Avgiv KvD‡K wewµ Kie bv, KvD‡K A¯^xKvi ev wePvi †c‡Z †`ix Kie bvÓ

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 94

Aa¨vqAvBb mnvqZvGes b¨vq wePv‡icÖ‡ekMg¨Zv

Aa¨vq Aóg

Aóg Aa¨vq

GB Aa¨v‡qi †k‡l AskMÖnbKvixiv hv Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb :� AvBbx mnvqZv A_© I cUf~wg

� evsjv‡`‡k AvBbx mnvqZv AvBbx weavb

� AwZ`wi`ª gvby‡li b¨vq wePvi cÖvw߇Z cÖ‡ekMg¨Zv Ges AvBwb mnvqZvi g‡a¨ †hvMmyÎ

K. wjM¨vj GBW wK?

L. evsjv‡`‡k wjM¨vj GB‡Wi AvBbx weavb

GBW k‡ãi AvwfavwbK A_© ÔmnvqZvÕ| myZivs wjM¨vj GBW A_© AvBbx mnvqZv| AvB‡bi kvmb cÖ‡qv‡Mi Rb¨ Kvh©Kwi nvwZqv‡ii D‡Ï‡k¨ AvBb mnvqZvi (wjM¨vj GBW) aviYvi D™¢e n‡q‡Q Ges mgvb AvBwb myiÿv cvIqvi Rb¨ gvbevwaKvi I mgZvi Aby‡gv`b †`Iqv n‡q‡Q|

GbmvB‡K¬v‡cwWqv weªUvwbKvi mÁvg‡Z AvBb mnvqZv n‡jv †ckvMZ AvBwb mnvqZv hv webvg~‡j¨ ev ¯^íg~‡j¨ `wi`ª e¨w³‡K Zvi cÖ‡qvR‡b †`Iqv n‡q _v‡K| AvšÍ©RvwZK wePvi Kwgkb ¯^xKvi K‡i †h, evsjv n‡”Q GK cÖKvi AvBwb Dc‡`k Ges hv‡K ûgwK †`Iqv n‡q‡Q Zvi Rxeb, ^vaxbZv, m¤ú` Ges mybvg iÿvi Rb¨ Av`vjZ cÖwZwbwaZ¡ Ki‡e †h †mev g~j¨ w`‡Z Amg_©|

Dbœqbkxj †`‡k AvBwb mnqZvi (wjM¨vj GBW) weavb wi`ª Ges we‡kl myweav cÖv߇`i gv‡S AvB‡bi mgZvi weavb Zix Kiv|

K. Avw_©K mnvqZv cÖ`vb, A_ev

L. AvBbMZ wel‡q civgk© ; A_ev

M. Av`vj‡Zi Kv‡Q †Kvb e¨w³i myi¶v

wjM¨vj GB‡Wi aviYv cÖ_‡g Avwe©f‚Z nq †ivgvb mg‡q| wKš‘, 1250 mv‡ji g¨vMbv KvU©vi 40 bs Aby‡”Q‡` wjM¨vj GB‡Wi avibvi cÖ_g KvVv‡gv Zix nq| G‡Z ejv nq †h,

ïiæ‡Z c„w_ex‡Z AvB‡bi Kv‡Q mK‡j mgvb wQj| GB cwi‡cÖwÿ‡Z, AvšÍR©vwZK welq gvbevwaKvi welqwU cieZ©x‡Z Av‡ivI m¤úªmvwiZ K‡i Ges cÖ_g wek¦ hy‡×i c‡i, jxM Ae b¨vkbm Ges gvbevwaKv‡ii †Nvlbvi gva¨‡g ÒABbMZ mnvqZvÓ (wjM¨vj

AvBb mnvqZv Ges b¨vq wePv‡i cÖ‡ekMg¨Zv

Aa¨v‡qi D‡Ïk¨

Awa‡ek‡bi m~PxcÎ

K. wjM¨vj GBW wK?

†ckv`vix AvBwb e¨w³eM© ÔAvBbMZ mnvqZvÕ ej‡Z wb‡Pi wZbwU welq‡K eywS‡q‡Qb

wjM¨vj GB‡Wi aviYvi Dbœqb

ÒwePvi ev AwaKv‡ii wel‡q Avgiv KvD‡K wewµ Kie bv, KvD‡K A¯^xKvi ev wePvi †c‡Z †`ix Kie bvÓ

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 94

GBW) Aby‡gv`b cvq 1876 mv‡j wbD Bqv‡K©i Rvg©vb mgv‡R AvbyôvwbK ÒmvgvwRK AvBbMZ mnvqZvÓ Rvg©vbx Awfevmx‡`i hy³iv‡óªi cÖZvibvi wkKvi n‡Z iÿvi Rb¨ ïiæ n‡qwQj| wKš‘ ÒAvBbMZ mnvqZvi †meviÓ Rb¨ ivóª KZ…K A‡bK †ekx cÖ‡Póv ïiæ nq 1944 mv‡j †hLv‡b hy³ivR¨‡Z `wi`ª‡`i Rb¨ AvBbMZ mnvqZv cÖ`vb Kvh©µg ïiæ nq| 20 kZ‡Ki cÖ_g w`‡K AvBbMZ mnvqZvi avibv we‡k¦i AviI GKvwaK Kj¨vYg~Lx iv‡óª ïiæ nq| GwU Zv‡`i bvMwiK‡`i Avw_©K Ges mvgvwRK wePv‡ii c~e©kZ© wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ nZ| GB ch©v‡q, GUv †g‡b †bIqv nq †h, mgv‡R wcwQ‡q cov As‡ki gvby‡li Rb¨ GUv webvg~‡j¨ w`‡Z n‡e A_ev ivóª b¨vq wePvi †c‡Z AvBbMZ mnvqZv w`‡e| GB mnvqZv gvbevwaKvi Ges mgZv‡K Aby‡gv`b w`‡Z Ae`vb iv‡L| GwU †h †Kvb mgv‡Ri AvB‡bi weavb|

wePvicwZ eøvKgvb Bb R¨Kkb ebvg wekc gvgjvi gva¨‡g GwU †bvwUk K‡i †h,

ÒAvBbMZ mnvqZvi avibvi g~j¨vqb Wjv‡ii gva¨‡g Kiv hv‡e bv| b¨vqwePvi cvIqvi †ÿ‡Î A_© †Kvb f~wgKv iv‡L bv|Ó

� cÖwZwU ivóª bvMwi‡Ki ÒAvBbMZ mnvqZvÓ cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ GKwU ivóªxq KZ…cÿ MVb Ki‡e hviv mKj bvMwi‡Ki gvbevwaKvi Ges †gŠwjK ^vaxbZvi wbðqZv cÖ`vb Ki‡e|

� AwaKvi ewÂZiv Avw_©K, †ckvMZ ev AvBbMZ mnvqZv cv‡e|

� miKvi e¨w³i AwaKvi f‡½i welq AvBbMZ mnvqZvi gva¨‡g mgvavb Ki‡e Ges hw` iKvi nq Zvn‡j cª‡Z¨‡Ki AwaKvi myi¶vi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡¶c †b‡e|

� hw` iKvi nq, RvwZmsN ivóª‡K e¨w³i Dbœq‡b Dc‡`k g~jK Kvh©µg ev we‡klvwqZ e¨w³eM© ev KvwiMix mnqZv cÖ`vb Ki‡e|

ÒAvBbMZ mnvqZvÓ AvšÍR©vwZK chv©‡q m¤úªmvi‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨, ÒAvšÍ©RvwZK Dc‡`óv †mev msMVbÓ MVb Kiv nq| 1970 mv‡j GB msMVbwU †Nvlbv K‡i †h, AvBb mnvqZv Kg©m~Px‡K AviI mwµq Ki‡Z n‡j †K›`ªxq miKvi‡K wKQz †gŠwjK bxwZgvjv Ges †hvM¨Zvi gvcKvwV wVK Ki‡Z n‡e| GB †gŠwjK bxwZgvjv Ges †hvM¨Zvi gvcKvwVi Av‡jv‡K miKvi wcwQ‡q cov Rb†Mvwôi Rb¨ AvBwb mnvqZv Kg©m~wP ïiæi Rb¨ Kvh©Kwi c`‡ÿc MÖnY Ki‡e|

� †`Iqvbx wel‡q ÒAvBbMZ mnvqZvÓ

� †dŠR`vix welq ÒAvBbMZ mnvqZvÓ

m¤úªwZ mg‡q, Òcyb©evmb mnvqZvÓ bv‡g Ab¨ Av‡iK ai‡bi AvBb mnvqZv †`Lv hvq (wjM¨vj GBW)|

wewfbœ AvšÍR©vwZK AvB‡bi DcKiY Abymv‡i ÒAvBb mnvqZvÓ aviYvwU mgvb myi¶vi Av`k© Ges AvB‡bi ˆelg¨nxbZv wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ n‡q‡Q|

� AvšÍ©RvwZK gvbevwaKvi mb‡`i aviv-7 Abymv‡i , wjM¨vj GBW n‡”Q †Kvb elg¨ Qvov AvB‡bi †Pv‡L mgZv Ges mgvb myiÿv

� AvBwmwmwcAvi 1966, aviv-26 Abymv‡i ÕAvB‡bi †Pv‡L mgZvi AwaKvi Ges mK‡ji mgvb AvPiY Kiv n‡e|

1968 RvwZmsN Biv‡b gvbevwaKvi m‡¤§j‡b †Nvlbv K‡i †h

hv‡nvK, AvBbMZ mnvqZv eZ©gv‡b ywU †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡qvM n‡”Q| hv wbb¥iæc

AvšÍR©vwZK AvB‡b wjM¨vj GB‡Wi aviYv

AvšÍR©vwZK AvBb mgyn

� AvBwmwmwcAvi 1966, aviv 14 (3) (N) Abymv‡i, †dŠR`vix wel‡q AvBb mnvqZv (wjM¨vj GBW) AvBwb my‡hvM †`q|

cÖvK…wZK wePv‡ii bxwZgvjvq GUv wbwðZ K‡i‡Q †h, Òwebv wePv‡i KvD‡K kvw¯Í ‡`qv DwPZ n‡e bvÓ| wb‡R‡K i¶vi Rb¨ cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki AvBwb †ÿÎ i‡q‡Q| 1972 mv‡j evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi Aby‡”Q` - 27 G GB bxwZgvjvwU AšÍ©fz³ n‡q‡Q| GLv‡b hv ejv n‡q‡Qt

ÒmKj bvMwiK AvB‡bi „wó‡Z mgvb Ges mgvb my‡hvM cvivi AwaKvix|Ó

msL¨vMwiô gvbyl myweavewÂZ| Zviv AvBbvbyM gvgjvi †ÿ‡ÎI Zv‡`i AvBbx myiÿv I b¨vqwePvi wbwðZ Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| GB mgm¨v mgvav‡bi Rb¨ AvBb mnvqZv †mev ÒwjM¨vj GBW G¨v± - 2000 Aax‡b Kvh©Kwi Kiv n‡q‡Q; AvBbwU wi`ª gvby‡li Avw_©K myweav cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ cÖwZôv‡bi Kv‡Q A_ev wePvivj‡q myiÿv w`‡”Q|

wjM¨vj GBW †mev G¨v± - 2000 Gi †mKkb - 15 Abymv‡i:

� mywcÖg †Kv‡U© AvBb mnvqZv K‡i‡Q Ggb cvuP eQ‡ii AwfÁZv m¤úbœ †Kvb AvBbRxwe ev whwb mywcÖg †Kv‡U© AvBbRxwe wn‡m‡e gvgjv cwiPvjbv Ki‡Qb Ggb e¨w³eM© c¨v‡bj AvBbRxwe wn‡m‡e _vK‡eb|

� cÖwZwU †Rjv KwgwU AvBbRxwe wn‡m‡e whwb †Rjv Av`vj‡Z Kgc‡ÿ 5 (cvP) eQi gvgjv cwiPvjbv K‡i‡Qb A_ev †Rjv Av`vj‡Z Kgc‡ÿ 5 eQi AvBb civgk© †`qv ev gvgjv cwiPvjbv Kivi AwfÁZv Av‡Q Ggb e¨w³eM©|

� †hmKj bvix AvBbRxwe AšÍZt GKeQ‡ii AwaK mgq AvBbRxwe wn‡m‡e wjwce× n‡q‡Qb Zv‡K AšÍ©ey³ Kiv hv‡e|

� hw` †Kvb gvgjviZ e¨w³i Av‡e`b ev wcwUkb we‡ePbvq G‡b AvBb mnvqZv †`qvi wm×všÍ nq, Zvn‡j †evW© ev †Rjv KwgwU Aek¨B c¨v‡bj AvBbRxwei c‡ÿ GKRb AvBbRxwe wb‡qvM w`‡Z cvi‡e|

GLv‡b D‡jøL¨ †h, GB ai‡bi wb‡qv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î m¤¢e n‡j AekB Av‡e`bKvixi cQ›`‡K we‡ePbvq Avb‡Z n‡e|

AvBb mnvqZvi Av‡e`b Kivi Rb¨ wjM¨vj GBW AvBb- 2000 Abymv‡i we‡kl †Kvb ‰ewk‡ói iKvi †bB| Z‡e AvBb I wePvi gš¿Yvjq Ges msm`xq Kvh©wewa GB AvB‡bi D‡Ïk¨ AR©‡bi Rb¨ AvB‡bi aviv 24 Abymv‡i wKQz w`Kwb‡`©kbv ˆZix K‡i‡Qb| wjM¨vj GBW AvBb 2000 Abyhvqx wb‡b¥v³ e¨w³iv GB AvBwb mnvqZv cvIqvi †hvM¨:

� †Kvb gyw³‡hv×v whwb m¤ú~Y©iæ‡c Avq Ki‡Z Aÿg ev AvswkKfv‡e wb‡Ri hZœwb‡Z cv‡i bv A_ev hvi †Kvb Kg©ms¯’vb †bB ev hvi evrmwiK Avq 6000 (Qq nvRvi) UvKvi bx‡P;

� †h e¨w³ eq¯‹ fvZv cvb;

� wfwRGd KvW© avix Mixe bvix ;

� bvix I wkï †h ev hviv cvPv‡ii wkKvi ;

� `ye©„Ë KZ…K GwmW`» bvix I wkï ;

� †h e¨w³ Av`k© MÖv‡g Rwg A_ev Ni †c‡q‡Q, Mixe weaev Ges ^vgx cwiZ¨v³v bvix

L. evsjv‡`‡k AvBbx mnvqZv †ÿÎ

ZvwjKvfz³ AvBbRxexMY

Kviv wjM¨vj GB‡Wi Rb¨ Av‡e`b Ki‡Z cv‡ib?

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv95 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 96

GBW) Aby‡gv`b cvq 1876 mv‡j wbD Bqv‡K©i Rvg©vb mgv‡R AvbyôvwbK ÒmvgvwRK AvBbMZ mnvqZvÓ Rvg©vbx Awfevmx‡`i hy³iv‡óªi cÖZvibvi wkKvi n‡Z iÿvi Rb¨ ïiæ n‡qwQj| wKš‘ ÒAvBbMZ mnvqZvi †meviÓ Rb¨ ivóª KZ…K A‡bK †ekx cÖ‡Póv ïiæ nq 1944 mv‡j †hLv‡b hy³ivR¨‡Z `wi`ª‡`i Rb¨ AvBbMZ mnvqZv cÖ`vb Kvh©µg ïiæ nq| 20 kZ‡Ki cÖ_g w`‡K AvBbMZ mnvqZvi avibv we‡k¦i AviI GKvwaK Kj¨vYg~Lx iv‡óª ïiæ nq| GwU Zv‡`i bvMwiK‡`i Avw_©K Ges mvgvwRK wePv‡ii c~e©kZ© wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ nZ| GB ch©v‡q, GUv †g‡b †bIqv nq †h, mgv‡R wcwQ‡q cov As‡ki gvby‡li Rb¨ GUv webvg~‡j¨ w`‡Z n‡e A_ev ivóª b¨vq wePvi †c‡Z AvBbMZ mnvqZv w`‡e| GB mnvqZv gvbevwaKvi Ges mgZv‡K Aby‡gv`b w`‡Z Ae`vb iv‡L| GwU †h †Kvb mgv‡Ri AvB‡bi weavb|

wePvicwZ eøvKgvb Bb R¨Kkb ebvg wekc gvgjvi gva¨‡g GwU †bvwUk K‡i †h,

ÒAvBbMZ mnvqZvi avibvi g~j¨vqb Wjv‡ii gva¨‡g Kiv hv‡e bv| b¨vqwePvi cvIqvi †ÿ‡Î A_© †Kvb f~wgKv iv‡L bv|Ó

� cÖwZwU ivóª bvMwi‡Ki ÒAvBbMZ mnvqZvÓ cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ GKwU ivóªxq KZ…cÿ MVb Ki‡e hviv mKj bvMwi‡Ki gvbevwaKvi Ges †gŠwjK ^vaxbZvi wbðqZv cÖ`vb Ki‡e|

� AwaKvi ewÂZiv Avw_©K, †ckvMZ ev AvBbMZ mnvqZv cv‡e|

� miKvi e¨w³i AwaKvi f‡½i welq AvBbMZ mnvqZvi gva¨‡g mgvavb Ki‡e Ges hw` iKvi nq Zvn‡j cª‡Z¨‡Ki AwaKvi myi¶vi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡¶c †b‡e|

� hw` iKvi nq, RvwZmsN ivóª‡K e¨w³i Dbœq‡b Dc‡`k g~jK Kvh©µg ev we‡klvwqZ e¨w³eM© ev KvwiMix mnqZv cÖ`vb Ki‡e|

ÒAvBbMZ mnvqZvÓ AvšÍR©vwZK chv©‡q m¤úªmvi‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨, ÒAvšÍ©RvwZK Dc‡`óv †mev msMVbÓ MVb Kiv nq| 1970 mv‡j GB msMVbwU †Nvlbv K‡i †h, AvBb mnvqZv Kg©m~Px‡K AviI mwµq Ki‡Z n‡j †K›`ªxq miKvi‡K wKQz †gŠwjK bxwZgvjv Ges †hvM¨Zvi gvcKvwV wVK Ki‡Z n‡e| GB †gŠwjK bxwZgvjv Ges †hvM¨Zvi gvcKvwVi Av‡jv‡K miKvi wcwQ‡q cov Rb†Mvwôi Rb¨ AvBwb mnvqZv Kg©m~wP ïiæi Rb¨ Kvh©Kwi c`‡ÿc MÖnY Ki‡e|

� †`Iqvbx wel‡q ÒAvBbMZ mnvqZvÓ

� †dŠR`vix welq ÒAvBbMZ mnvqZvÓ

m¤úªwZ mg‡q, Òcyb©evmb mnvqZvÓ bv‡g Ab¨ Av‡iK ai‡bi AvBb mnvqZv †`Lv hvq (wjM¨vj GBW)|

wewfbœ AvšÍR©vwZK AvB‡bi DcKiY Abymv‡i ÒAvBb mnvqZvÓ aviYvwU mgvb myi¶vi Av`k© Ges AvB‡bi ˆelg¨nxbZv wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ n‡q‡Q|

� AvšÍ©RvwZK gvbevwaKvi mb‡`i aviv-7 Abymv‡i , wjM¨vj GBW n‡”Q †Kvb elg¨ Qvov AvB‡bi †Pv‡L mgZv Ges mgvb myiÿv

� AvBwmwmwcAvi 1966, aviv-26 Abymv‡i ÕAvB‡bi †Pv‡L mgZvi AwaKvi Ges mK‡ji mgvb AvPiY Kiv n‡e|

1968 RvwZmsN Biv‡b gvbevwaKvi m‡¤§j‡b †Nvlbv K‡i †h

hv‡nvK, AvBbMZ mnvqZv eZ©gv‡b ywU †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡qvM n‡”Q| hv wbb¥iæc

AvšÍR©vwZK AvB‡b wjM¨vj GB‡Wi aviYv

AvšÍR©vwZK AvBb mgyn

� AvBwmwmwcAvi 1966, aviv 14 (3) (N) Abymv‡i, †dŠR`vix wel‡q AvBb mnvqZv (wjM¨vj GBW) AvBwb my‡hvM †`q|

cÖvK…wZK wePv‡ii bxwZgvjvq GUv wbwðZ K‡i‡Q †h, Òwebv wePv‡i KvD‡K kvw¯Í ‡`qv DwPZ n‡e bvÓ| wb‡R‡K i¶vi Rb¨ cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki AvBwb †ÿÎ i‡q‡Q| 1972 mv‡j evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi Aby‡”Q` - 27 G GB bxwZgvjvwU AšÍ©fz³ n‡q‡Q| GLv‡b hv ejv n‡q‡Qt

ÒmKj bvMwiK AvB‡bi „wó‡Z mgvb Ges mgvb my‡hvM cvivi AwaKvix|Ó

msL¨vMwiô gvbyl myweavewÂZ| Zviv AvBbvbyM gvgjvi †ÿ‡ÎI Zv‡`i AvBbx myiÿv I b¨vqwePvi wbwðZ Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| GB mgm¨v mgvav‡bi Rb¨ AvBb mnvqZv †mev ÒwjM¨vj GBW G¨v± - 2000 Aax‡b Kvh©Kwi Kiv n‡q‡Q; AvBbwU wi`ª gvby‡li Avw_©K myweav cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ cÖwZôv‡bi Kv‡Q A_ev wePvivj‡q myiÿv w`‡”Q|

wjM¨vj GBW †mev G¨v± - 2000 Gi †mKkb - 15 Abymv‡i:

� mywcÖg †Kv‡U© AvBb mnvqZv K‡i‡Q Ggb cvuP eQ‡ii AwfÁZv m¤úbœ †Kvb AvBbRxwe ev whwb mywcÖg †Kv‡U© AvBbRxwe wn‡m‡e gvgjv cwiPvjbv Ki‡Qb Ggb e¨w³eM© c¨v‡bj AvBbRxwe wn‡m‡e _vK‡eb|

� cÖwZwU †Rjv KwgwU AvBbRxwe wn‡m‡e whwb †Rjv Av`vj‡Z Kgc‡ÿ 5 (cvP) eQi gvgjv cwiPvjbv K‡i‡Qb A_ev †Rjv Av`vj‡Z Kgc‡ÿ 5 eQi AvBb civgk© †`qv ev gvgjv cwiPvjbv Kivi AwfÁZv Av‡Q Ggb e¨w³eM©|

� †hmKj bvix AvBbRxwe AšÍZt GKeQ‡ii AwaK mgq AvBbRxwe wn‡m‡e wjwce× n‡q‡Qb Zv‡K AšÍ©ey³ Kiv hv‡e|

� hw` †Kvb gvgjviZ e¨w³i Av‡e`b ev wcwUkb we‡ePbvq G‡b AvBb mnvqZv †`qvi wm×všÍ nq, Zvn‡j †evW© ev †Rjv KwgwU Aek¨B c¨v‡bj AvBbRxwei c‡ÿ GKRb AvBbRxwe wb‡qvM w`‡Z cvi‡e|

GLv‡b D‡jøL¨ †h, GB ai‡bi wb‡qv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î m¤¢e n‡j AekB Av‡e`bKvixi cQ›`‡K we‡ePbvq Avb‡Z n‡e|

AvBb mnvqZvi Av‡e`b Kivi Rb¨ wjM¨vj GBW AvBb- 2000 Abymv‡i we‡kl †Kvb ‰ewk‡ói iKvi †bB| Z‡e AvBb I wePvi gš¿Yvjq Ges msm`xq Kvh©wewa GB AvB‡bi D‡Ïk¨ AR©‡bi Rb¨ AvB‡bi aviv 24 Abymv‡i wKQz w`Kwb‡`©kbv ˆZix K‡i‡Qb| wjM¨vj GBW AvBb 2000 Abyhvqx wb‡b¥v³ e¨w³iv GB AvBwb mnvqZv cvIqvi †hvM¨:

� †Kvb gyw³‡hv×v whwb m¤ú~Y©iæ‡c Avq Ki‡Z Aÿg ev AvswkKfv‡e wb‡Ri hZœwb‡Z cv‡i bv A_ev hvi †Kvb Kg©ms¯’vb †bB ev hvi evrmwiK Avq 6000 (Qq nvRvi) UvKvi bx‡P;

� †h e¨w³ eq¯‹ fvZv cvb;

� wfwRGd KvW© avix Mixe bvix ;

� bvix I wkï †h ev hviv cvPv‡ii wkKvi ;

� `ye©„Ë KZ…K GwmW`» bvix I wkï ;

� †h e¨w³ Av`k© MÖv‡g Rwg A_ev Ni †c‡q‡Q, Mixe weaev Ges ^vgx cwiZ¨v³v bvix

L. evsjv‡`‡k AvBbx mnvqZv †ÿÎ

ZvwjKvfz³ AvBbRxexMY

Kviv wjM¨vj GB‡Wi Rb¨ Av‡e`b Ki‡Z cv‡ib?

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv95 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 96

� kvixwiK Ges gvbwmKfv‡e cÖwZeÜx e¨w³ whwb DcvR©b Ki‡Z m¶g bq

� †h e¨w³ Avw_K© Kvi‡Y Zvi AwaKvi cwÖ Zôv Ki‡Z cv‡ib wb|

GLv‡b D‡jøL¨ †h, Avw_©K msKU ev Ab¨ †Kvb Av_©-mvgvwRK, ev `~‡hv©‡Mi Kvi‡Y mg‡q mg‡q AvBb mnvqZv †evW© hv‡K AvBb mnvqZv cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ we‡ePbv K‡i _v‡Kb |

RvZxq AvBbMZ mnvqZv (wjM¨vj GBW) †evW© A_ev †Rjv AvBbMZ mnvqZv (wjM¨vj GBW) KwgwUi Kv‡Q Aek¨B mKj Av‡e`bcÎ Rgv w`‡Z n‡e|

hw` †Kvb Av‡e`b †Rjv KwgwU KZ…K evwZj e‡j MY¨ nq Ges D³ e¨w³ hw` H wm×v‡šÍi weiæ‡× ¶z× nb, Zvn‡j wZwb 60 w`‡bi g‡a¨ RvZxq AvBb mnvqZv †ev‡W©i Kv‡Q †Rjv KwgwUi wm×v‡šÍi weiæ‡× †Nvlbv cª`vb Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

AvBb mnvqZvi wewa 2001 Abymv‡i wjM¨vj GBW AvBbRxwe wb¤œwjwLZfv‡e AvBb mnvqZvi A_© cÖ`vb Ki‡eb|

� Avwc‡ji GKwU AviwR ev †g‡gv Lmov Kivi Rb¨ m‡eŸv©”P 1000 UvKv cÖ`vb Ki‡e|

� GKwU wjwLZ wee„wZi Lmov Kivi Rb¨ m‡eŸv©”P 1000 UvKv cÖ`vb Ki‡e|

� †Kvb Av‡e`b Zix ev wewea gvgjvi wjwLZ wee„wZ cÖ¯‘Z Kivi Rb¨ 600 UvKv w`‡Z n‡e|

� †Kvb Av‡jvPbv g~jK Av‡e`b Gi Lmov Kivi Rb¨ m‡e©v”P 500 UvKv ev Zvi Dc‡i w`‡Z n‡e|

� cvwievwiK wel‡q PzovšÍ ïbvbxi Rb¨ m‡e©v”P 500 UvKv cÖ`vb Ki‡e, †`Iqvbx gvgjvi ïbvbxi Rb¨ 800 UvKv, †dŠR`vix gvgjvi hyw³ cÖ`©k‡bi Rb¨ 500 UvKv Ges †h †Kvb gvgjvi hyw³ cÖ`©k‡bi Rb¨ 200 UvKv cÖ`vb Ki‡e|

� nvB‡KvU© wefvM Qvov †dvR`vix gvgjv cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ ZvwjKvfz³ AvBbwRex‡K (c¨v‡bj) mnKvix miKvwi cÖwmwKDU‡`i wd Gi mgZyj¨ wd cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e|

� mywcÖg †Kv‡U© gvgjv cwiPvjbv Kivi Rb¨ m‡ev©”P 2000 UvKv ch©šÍ †`qv n‡e|

mvavib e¨w³‡`i wePv‡i cÖ‡ekMg¨Zvi evuav ~i Kivi Rb¨ AvbyôvwbK ev AbvbyôvwbK wePvi cÖwZôv‡bi gva¨‡g RbM‡Yi mÿgZv ˆZix, Ges gvbevwaKv‡ii gvb`‡Ði wbðqZv cÖ`vb Kiv nq|

GwUi gvbevwaKv‡ii mv‡_ †Rvov‡jv m¤úK© i‡q‡Q|

cÖ_gZ: GUv †gŠwjK gvbevwaKvi hv AvšÍR©vwZK gvbevwaKvi mb‡`i Aby‡”Q` - 8 Abhvqx |

ÒRvZxq Av`vjZ KZ„K msweavb Øviv ¯^xK…Z KviI †gŠwjK AwaKvi ÿzbœ n‡j cÖ‡Z¨K e¨w³iB AwaKvi f‡½i wel‡q cÖwZKvi PvIqvi AwaKvi Av‡Q| Ó

wØZxqZ: GwUi A_© n‡”Q myi¶v Ges Ab¨vb¨ AwaKvi Dc‡fvM Kiv|

wKfv‡e wjM¨vj GB‡Wi Rb¨ Av‡e`b Kiv nq?

wjM¨vj GB‡Wi cwiwa

ev¯ÍeZv: AwZ wi`ª‡`i wePv‡i cÖ‡ekMg¨Zv Ges AvBbMZ mnvqZv

Z„ZxqZ: GwU Dc‡fvM¨ Ab¨vb¨ AwaKv‡ii mv‡_ hy³ †hgb: Z_¨ AwaKvi, kvixwiK wbivcËv, †MvcbxqZvi AwaKvi Ges GKvšÍZvi AwaKvi|

� c×wZMZ cÖ‡ekMg¨Zv (GKwU b¨vh¨ ïbvbx)

� ¯^vaxb b¨vq wePvi (gvbevwaKvi jON‡bi cÖwZKvi †P‡q b¨vh¨ wePvi cvIqv)|

wKš‘ ev¯ÍeZv GB †h, AwZ `wi`ª Rb†Mvôxi GKwU eo Ask c×wZMZ Ges ¯^vaxb wePvi †c‡Z mÿg bq| AvBbMZ Áv‡bi mxgve×Zv, cªv‡qvwMK RwUjZv, `xN© myÎZv, mgqgZ AvBb mnvqZv bv cvIqvi d‡j GB `jwUi GKwU Ask b¨vq wePvi cvIqvi †ÿ‡Î nZvkv cÖKvk K‡i| wjwLZ cÖwZ‡e`‡bi myÎg‡Z AwZ wi`ª Rb‡Mvwô wbf©i K‡i †h,

� ¯’vbxq mvwjm A_ev MÖvg¨ mvwj‡mi Dci (cvwievwiK Ges Rwg msµv¯Í wel‡q) Ges

� me©wb¤œ Av`vjZ (kvw¯Í cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨)

¯’vbxq mvwjm ev MÖvg Av`vjZ BDwbqb cwil` KZ©„K webvg~‡j¨ cwiPvwjZ nq Ges †Kvbiƒc weo¤^bv QvovB Awf‡hv‡Mi wb®úwË Kiv hvq| AwZ `wi`ª RbMY GB myweavUvB †c‡Z Pvq| wK¯‘ me©wb¤œ Av`jZ m¤ú‡K© aviYv Kg _vKvq Zv‡`i‡K A‡b¨i Av`vj‡Z Awf‡hvM `vwLj Kivi Rb¨ wbf©i Ki‡Z nq| GgbwK Lye Kg msL¨K AwZ`wi`ª gvbyl miKv‡ii AvBb mnvqZv m¤ú‡K© Rv‡b mnvqZvi| miKv‡ii cÿ †_‡K ev †Rjv AvBb mnvqZv KwgwUi cÿ †_‡K GB AwZ`wi`ª RbMY‡K AvBb mnvqZv cvIqvi Rb¨ m‡PZb ev ÁvZ Kiv‡bvi †Kvb cÖ‡Póv †bB| d‡j AwZ `wi`ª Rb‡Mvwô Zv‡`i gvgjv `v‡qi Ki‡Z cÖwZwbqZ msMÖvg Ki‡Q Ges Zv‡`i ea gvgjvi †ÿ‡Î ^vaxb wePvi n‡Z ewÂZ n‡”Q|

AZGe, mKj AwZ `wi`ª Rb‡Mvwô †hb mn‡R AvBb mnvqZv †c‡Z cv‡i Zvi e¨e¯’v _vKv DwPZ Ges c¨v‡bj AvBRxwe‡`i AwZ`wi`ª Rb‡Mvôxi wePvwiK Kv‡R wek¦vm Ges Av¯’v AR©‡bi Rb¨ AviI †ekx mn‡hvMx g‡bvfv‡ei cwiPq †`Iqv DwPZ|

hv‡nvK, wePv‡i cÖ‡ekMg¨Zvi `ywU gvÎv nj

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv97 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 98

� kvixwiK Ges gvbwmKfv‡e cÖwZeÜx e¨w³ whwb DcvR©b Ki‡Z m¶g bq

� †h e¨w³ Avw_K© Kvi‡Y Zvi AwaKvi cwÖ Zôv Ki‡Z cv‡ib wb|

GLv‡b D‡jøL¨ †h, Avw_©K msKU ev Ab¨ †Kvb Av_©-mvgvwRK, ev `~‡hv©‡Mi Kvi‡Y mg‡q mg‡q AvBb mnvqZv †evW© hv‡K AvBb mnvqZv cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ we‡ePbv K‡i _v‡Kb |

RvZxq AvBbMZ mnvqZv (wjM¨vj GBW) †evW© A_ev †Rjv AvBbMZ mnvqZv (wjM¨vj GBW) KwgwUi Kv‡Q Aek¨B mKj Av‡e`bcÎ Rgv w`‡Z n‡e|

hw` †Kvb Av‡e`b †Rjv KwgwU KZ…K evwZj e‡j MY¨ nq Ges D³ e¨w³ hw` H wm×v‡šÍi weiæ‡× ¶z× nb, Zvn‡j wZwb 60 w`‡bi g‡a¨ RvZxq AvBb mnvqZv †ev‡W©i Kv‡Q †Rjv KwgwUi wm×v‡šÍi weiæ‡× †Nvlbv cª`vb Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

AvBb mnvqZvi wewa 2001 Abymv‡i wjM¨vj GBW AvBbRxwe wb¤œwjwLZfv‡e AvBb mnvqZvi A_© cÖ`vb Ki‡eb|

� Avwc‡ji GKwU AviwR ev †g‡gv Lmov Kivi Rb¨ m‡eŸv©”P 1000 UvKv cÖ`vb Ki‡e|

� GKwU wjwLZ wee„wZi Lmov Kivi Rb¨ m‡eŸv©”P 1000 UvKv cÖ`vb Ki‡e|

� †Kvb Av‡e`b Zix ev wewea gvgjvi wjwLZ wee„wZ cÖ¯‘Z Kivi Rb¨ 600 UvKv w`‡Z n‡e|

� †Kvb Av‡jvPbv g~jK Av‡e`b Gi Lmov Kivi Rb¨ m‡e©v”P 500 UvKv ev Zvi Dc‡i w`‡Z n‡e|

� cvwievwiK wel‡q PzovšÍ ïbvbxi Rb¨ m‡e©v”P 500 UvKv cÖ`vb Ki‡e, †`Iqvbx gvgjvi ïbvbxi Rb¨ 800 UvKv, †dŠR`vix gvgjvi hyw³ cÖ`©k‡bi Rb¨ 500 UvKv Ges †h †Kvb gvgjvi hyw³ cÖ`©k‡bi Rb¨ 200 UvKv cÖ`vb Ki‡e|

� nvB‡KvU© wefvM Qvov †dvR`vix gvgjv cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ ZvwjKvfz³ AvBbwRex‡K (c¨v‡bj) mnKvix miKvwi cÖwmwKDU‡`i wd Gi mgZyj¨ wd cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e|

� mywcÖg †Kv‡U© gvgjv cwiPvjbv Kivi Rb¨ m‡ev©”P 2000 UvKv ch©šÍ †`qv n‡e|

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beg Aa¨vq

� evsjv‡`‡ki MÖvgxb wePvi e¨e¯’v m¤ú‡K© eyS‡Z cvi‡eb

� MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi A_© eyS‡Z cvi‡eb

� Mªvg Av`vj‡Zi MVb, AvBbx GLwZqvi Ges ¶gZv m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb

K. evsjv‡`‡k MÖvg Av`vjZ e¨e¯’v

L. MÖvg Av`vjZ Kv‡K e‡j?

M. MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi MVb, wePvi e¨e¯’v Ges MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi ¶gZv

N. BDwbqb cwil‡` MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi f~wgKv

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1. ivóª cwiPvwjZ MÖvgxb wePvi e¨e¯’v;

†hgbt MÖvg Av`vjZ (MÖvg Av`vjZ AvBb - 2006 Gi Aax‡b MwVZ)

2. †emiKvwi fv‡e cwiPvwjZ MÖvgxb wePvi e¨e¯’v

†hgbt mvwjk e¨e¯’v, weKí we‡iva wb®úwË (GwWAvi) BZ¨vw`

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� Av`vj‡Z NbNb hvIqvi Rb¨ hvZvqvZ fvZv

� gvgjv cwiPvjbv LiP (AvBb Rxwei wd)

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evsjv‡`‡k MÖvgxb wePvi e¨e¯’v

GB Aa¨v‡qi D‡Ïk¨

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K. evsjv‡`‡ki MÖvgxb wePvi e¨e¯’v

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cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 100

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Aa¨vq beg

beg Aa¨vq

� evsjv‡`‡ki MÖvgxb wePvi e¨e¯’v m¤ú‡K© eyS‡Z cvi‡eb

� MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi A_© eyS‡Z cvi‡eb

� Mªvg Av`vj‡Zi MVb, AvBbx GLwZqvi Ges ¶gZv m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb

K. evsjv‡`‡k MÖvg Av`vjZ e¨e¯’v

L. MÖvg Av`vjZ Kv‡K e‡j?

M. MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi MVb, wePvi e¨e¯’v Ges MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi ¶gZv

N. BDwbqb cwil‡` MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi f~wgKv

MÖvgxb wePvi e¨e¯’v‡K ywU cªavb fv‡M wef³ Kiv n‡q‡Q (evsjv‡`‡ki Mªvgxb wePvi e¨e¯’v Abymv‡i)| h_v:

1. ivóª cwiPvwjZ MÖvgxb wePvi e¨e¯’v;

†hgbt MÖvg Av`vjZ (MÖvg Av`vjZ AvBb - 2006 Gi Aax‡b MwVZ)

2. †emiKvwi fv‡e cwiPvwjZ MÖvgxb wePvi e¨e¯’v

†hgbt mvwjk e¨e¯’v, weKí we‡iva wb®úwË (GwWAvi) BZ¨vw`

GLv‡b D‡jøL¨ †h, ivóª cwiPvwjZ MÖvgxb wePvi e¨e¯’v AvBb AbymiY K‡i Kiv nq wKš‘ evsjv‡`‡k †emiKvixfv‡e MÖvgxb wePvi e¨e¯’v cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ mywbw`©ó ‡Kvb AvBb AbymiY Kiv nq bv| †m Rb¨ †emiKvix MÖvgxb wePvi e¨e¯’v‡K AbvbyôvwbK wePvi e¨e¯’v ejv nq| GUv ’vbxq ixwZ-bxwZ, HwZn¨ A_ev agx©q wee„wZ A_ev cwi‡ek‡K gv_vq †i‡L wm×všÍ MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i|

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� Av`vj‡Z NbNb hvIqvi Rb¨ hvZvqvZ fvZv

� gvgjv cwiPvjbv LiP (AvBb Rxwei wd)

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evsjv‡`‡k MÖvgxb wePvi e¨e¯’v

GB Aa¨v‡qi D‡Ïk¨

Aa¨v‡qi myPxcÎ

K. evsjv‡`‡ki MÖvgxb wePvi e¨e¯’v

cÖ‡ekvwaKv‡ii my‡hvM

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 100

MZ 17 RyjvB 2011 Zvwi‡L Òw` †WBjx ÷vi cwÎKviÓ myÎg‡Z, Av`vj‡Zi cÖwµqvMZ Kvi‡Y evsjv‡`‡k cÖvq 30 j¶ gvgjv wePv‡ii A‡cÿvq Av‡Q †hLv‡b ïay wbb¥ Av`vj‡ZB cÖvq 16 j¶ gvgjv i‡q‡Q| Gig‡a¨ MZ cvuP eQ‡i gyjZwe gvgjvi msL¨v nq 6,46485 (myÎ: `wbK cÖ_g Av‡jv, 18 †m‡Þ¤^i - 2011)

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MÖvg Av`j‡Zi KvVv‡gvi mv‡_ evsjv‡`‡ki wePvi e¨e¯’vi †hvMmyÎ

MÖvg Av`vjZ

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv101 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 102

MZ 17 RyjvB 2011 Zvwi‡L Òw` †WBjx ÷vi cwÎKviÓ myÎg‡Z, Av`vj‡Zi cÖwµqvMZ Kvi‡Y evsjv‡`‡k cÖvq 30 j¶ gvgjv wePv‡ii A‡cÿvq Av‡Q †hLv‡b ïay wbb¥ Av`vj‡ZB cÖvq 16 j¶ gvgjv i‡q‡Q| Gig‡a¨ MZ cvuP eQ‡i gyjZwe gvgjvi msL¨v nq 6,46485 (myÎ: `wbK cÖ_g Av‡jv, 18 †m‡Þ¤^i - 2011)

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†`Iqvbx wel‡q †dŠR`vix wel‡q

MÖvg Av`j‡Zi KvVv‡gvi mv‡_ evsjv‡`‡ki wePvi e¨e¯’vi †hvMmyÎ

MÖvg Av`vjZ

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv101 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 102

L) MÖvg Av`vjZ wK?

MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi Av`j

MÖvg Av`vjZ GKwU Dc-AvbyôvwbK Av`vjZ hv MÖvg Av`vjZ AvBb 2006 Gi aviv-5 Abymv‡i MwVZ Ges BDwbqb cwil‡`i e¨e¯’vcbvq cwiPvwjZ|

MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi my‡hvM evsjv‡`‡ki MÖvgxb wePvi e¨e¯’vq wb‡b¥v³ D‡Ï‡k¨ AšÍ©fz³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| � †QvU †QvU ØÜ/Awf‡hvM mxwgZ mg‡qi g‡a¨ ’vbxqfv‡e mgvavb Kiv;

� `wi`ª, myweavewÂZ bvix Ges wec`vcbœ †Mvôxi mvgvwRK myiÿv Ges wePv‡ii cÖ‡ekvwaKvi wbwðZ Kiv;

� Awf‡hvM / gvgjv mgvav‡bi gva¨‡g yÕwU m¤úª`v‡qi g‡a¨ Awf‡hvM/gvgjvi wb®úwËi gva¨‡g kvwšÍc~Y© HK¨gZ¨ Zix Kiv;

� BDwbqb cwil‡`i wbe©vPbx GjvKvq eÜyZ¡ Ges kvwšÍc~Y© cwi‡ek Zix Kiv;

� D”P Av`vj‡Zi gvgjvi RU Kwg‡q ‡djv;

� ¯’vbxq ch©v‡q kvmb Ges mvgvwRK b¨vqwePv‡ii cÖeZ©b Kiv|

MÖvg AZ¨šÍ iæZ¡c~Y© Ges b¨vqwePv‡ii Rb¨ GKwU Kvh©Ki kw³, KviY:

� ev`x-weev`x c¶‡K c~btivq GKwÎZ Kiv

� ¯^vÿx‡`i Dcw¯’wZ‡Z ïbvbx Kiv

� wbi‡c¶ wePv‡ii e¨e¯’v Kiv ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wePvi e¨e¯’v Kvh©Ki Kivi †ÿ‡Î MÖvg Av`vjZ n‡Z †Pqvvivg¨vb‡K ev` †`qvi my‡hvM Av‡Q

� GUv GKwU cøvUdg© †hLv‡b wePviK I Awfhy³ j¸‡jv ci®ú‡ii mv‡_ cwiwPZ n‡Z cv‡i

� wePv‡ii cÖwµqv ’vbxqfv‡e MÖnb‡hvM¨ nq

� gvgjv ev Awf‡hvM cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ by¨bZg Li‡Pi cÖ‡qvRb nq

� AvBbRxwe wb‡qvM‡K A¯^xKvi K‡i

� me‡P‡q Kg mg‡qi g‡a¨ Awf‡hvM /gvgjvi wb®úwË Kiv hvq

� GKB cªKvi ØÜ wb‡q Ab¨Î Awf‡hvM Kivi my‡hvM †`q bv

� Dfq c‡¶i Kj¨vY nq Ggb mvgvwRK ^xK…wZ we‡ePbv K‡i

� gvgj/Awf‡hvM wb®úwËi Rb¨ gvby‡li AcÖ‡qvRbxq LiP Kwg‡q †`q

� †`Iqvbx I †dŠR`vix Dfq cÖKvi gvgjv/Awf‡hvM MÖn‡bi ÿgZv Av‡Q

� b¨vq wePvi m„wó‡Z ^”QZvi cÖwµqv Abymi‡b mnvqZv K‡i

� GwU GKwU MYZvwš¿K wePvi e¨e¯’v

� AwaKvsk m`m¨‡`i gZvg‡Zi wfwˇZ wm×všÍM„nxZ nq (†hgb: 4:1, 0:3, 3:1)

� hw` AwaKvsk m`m¨‡`i gZvg‡Zi wfwˇZ wm×všÍ M„nxZ nq Zvn‡j Avcxj wbiæmvwnZ Kiv nq (†hgb: 4:1, 0:3, 3:1)

� wb¤œ Av`vj‡Zi mvnvh¨ ev wm×všÍ g‡Z ¶wZc~ib msMÖn Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i

BDwbqb cwil‡`i†Pqvig¨vb

Awfhy³Kvixi c‡ÿ2 Rb (1 Rb

BDwc m`m¨ Ges 1 Rbg‡bvbxZ e¨w³)

Awfhy³Kvixi c‡ÿ2 Rb (1 Rb

BDwc m`m¨ Ges 1 Rbg‡bvbxZ e¨w³)

wPÎ: MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi KvVv‡gv|

3. MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi AvBbMZ GLwZqviMÖvgAv`vjZ AvBb - 2006 (G¨v± bs:XIX ,2006) Abymv‡i MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi †gŠwjK AvBb KvVv‡gv Zix n‡q‡Q|

� mvgvwRK mwnsmZv I Aciva Kgv‡Z Ae`vb iv‡L

� evsjv‡`‡k MÖvgxb mvgvwRK b¨vqwePvi cÖwZôvq Ae`vb iv‡L

MÖvg Av`vjZ AvBb 2006 Gi Aa¨vq -5 Abymv‡i 5 Rb m`m¨wb‡q MÖvg Av`jZ MwVZ n‡e, †hLv‡b BDwbq‡bi †Pqvig¨vb MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi †Pqvig¨vb n‡eb| GQvov Dfqc‡¶i (Av‡e`bKvix Ges Awfhy³Kvix) cÿ †_‡K g‡bvbxZ yB Rb K‡i †gvU Pvi Rb m`m MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi m`m¨ n‡eb| GLv‡b D‡jøL¨ †h, Dfq cÿ n‡Z g‡bvbxZ GKRb K‡iB Dwbqb cwil‡`i wbev©wPZ cÖwZwbwa n‡eb|

MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi aviv -5 Abymv‡i BDwc †Pqvig¨vb weev`K…Z †Kvb c‡¶i P¨v‡j‡Âi m¤§yLxb nb Zvn‡i aviv 5 Gi Dcaviv (1) Abymv‡i BDwbqb cwil‡`i Ab¨ m`m¨ MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi †Pqvig¨vb n‡eb|

M) MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi KvVv‡gv, GLwZqvi Ges ¶gZv

1. MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi KVv‡gv

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv103 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 104

L) MÖvg Av`vjZ wK?

MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi Av`j

MÖvg Av`vjZ GKwU Dc-AvbyôvwbK Av`vjZ hv MÖvg Av`vjZ AvBb 2006 Gi aviv-5 Abymv‡i MwVZ Ges BDwbqb cwil‡`i e¨e¯’vcbvq cwiPvwjZ|

MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi my‡hvM evsjv‡`‡ki MÖvgxb wePvi e¨e¯’vq wb‡b¥v³ D‡Ï‡k¨ AšÍ©fz³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| � †QvU †QvU ØÜ/Awf‡hvM mxwgZ mg‡qi g‡a¨ ’vbxqfv‡e mgvavb Kiv;

� `wi`ª, myweavewÂZ bvix Ges wec`vcbœ †Mvôxi mvgvwRK myiÿv Ges wePv‡ii cÖ‡ekvwaKvi wbwðZ Kiv;

� Awf‡hvM / gvgjv mgvav‡bi gva¨‡g yÕwU m¤úª`v‡qi g‡a¨ Awf‡hvM/gvgjvi wb®úwËi gva¨‡g kvwšÍc~Y© HK¨gZ¨ Zix Kiv;

� BDwbqb cwil‡`i wbe©vPbx GjvKvq eÜyZ¡ Ges kvwšÍc~Y© cwi‡ek Zix Kiv;

� D”P Av`vj‡Zi gvgjvi RU Kwg‡q ‡djv;

� ¯’vbxq ch©v‡q kvmb Ges mvgvwRK b¨vqwePv‡ii cÖeZ©b Kiv|

MÖvg AZ¨šÍ iæZ¡c~Y© Ges b¨vqwePv‡ii Rb¨ GKwU Kvh©Ki kw³, KviY:

� ev`x-weev`x c¶‡K c~btivq GKwÎZ Kiv

� ¯^vÿx‡`i Dcw¯’wZ‡Z ïbvbx Kiv

� wbi‡c¶ wePv‡ii e¨e¯’v Kiv ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wePvi e¨e¯’v Kvh©Ki Kivi †ÿ‡Î MÖvg Av`vjZ n‡Z †Pqvvivg¨vb‡K ev` †`qvi my‡hvM Av‡Q

� GUv GKwU cøvUdg© †hLv‡b wePviK I Awfhy³ j¸‡jv ci®ú‡ii mv‡_ cwiwPZ n‡Z cv‡i

� wePv‡ii cÖwµqv ’vbxqfv‡e MÖnb‡hvM¨ nq

� gvgjv ev Awf‡hvM cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ by¨bZg Li‡Pi cÖ‡qvRb nq

� AvBbRxwe wb‡qvM‡K A¯^xKvi K‡i

� me‡P‡q Kg mg‡qi g‡a¨ Awf‡hvM /gvgjvi wb®úwË Kiv hvq

� GKB cªKvi ØÜ wb‡q Ab¨Î Awf‡hvM Kivi my‡hvM †`q bv

� Dfq c‡¶i Kj¨vY nq Ggb mvgvwRK ^xK…wZ we‡ePbv K‡i

� gvgj/Awf‡hvM wb®úwËi Rb¨ gvby‡li AcÖ‡qvRbxq LiP Kwg‡q †`q

� †`Iqvbx I †dŠR`vix Dfq cÖKvi gvgjv/Awf‡hvM MÖn‡bi ÿgZv Av‡Q

� b¨vq wePvi m„wó‡Z ^”QZvi cÖwµqv Abymi‡b mnvqZv K‡i

� GwU GKwU MYZvwš¿K wePvi e¨e¯’v

� AwaKvsk m`m¨‡`i gZvg‡Zi wfwˇZ wm×všÍM„nxZ nq (†hgb: 4:1, 0:3, 3:1)

� hw` AwaKvsk m`m¨‡`i gZvg‡Zi wfwˇZ wm×všÍ M„nxZ nq Zvn‡j Avcxj wbiæmvwnZ Kiv nq (†hgb: 4:1, 0:3, 3:1)

� wb¤œ Av`vj‡Zi mvnvh¨ ev wm×všÍ g‡Z ¶wZc~ib msMÖn Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i

BDwbqb cwil‡`i†Pqvig¨vb

Awfhy³Kvixi c‡ÿ2 Rb (1 Rb

BDwc m`m¨ Ges 1 Rbg‡bvbxZ e¨w³)

Awfhy³Kvixi c‡ÿ2 Rb (1 Rb

BDwc m`m¨ Ges 1 Rbg‡bvbxZ e¨w³)

wPÎ: MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi KvVv‡gv|

3. MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi AvBbMZ GLwZqviMÖvgAv`vjZ AvBb - 2006 (G¨v± bs:XIX ,2006) Abymv‡i MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi †gŠwjK AvBb KvVv‡gv Zix n‡q‡Q|

� mvgvwRK mwnsmZv I Aciva Kgv‡Z Ae`vb iv‡L

� evsjv‡`‡k MÖvgxb mvgvwRK b¨vqwePvi cÖwZôvq Ae`vb iv‡L

MÖvg Av`vjZ AvBb 2006 Gi Aa¨vq -5 Abymv‡i 5 Rb m`m¨wb‡q MÖvg Av`jZ MwVZ n‡e, †hLv‡b BDwbq‡bi †Pqvig¨vb MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi †Pqvig¨vb n‡eb| GQvov Dfqc‡¶i (Av‡e`bKvix Ges Awfhy³Kvix) cÿ †_‡K g‡bvbxZ yB Rb K‡i †gvU Pvi Rb m`m MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi m`m¨ n‡eb| GLv‡b D‡jøL¨ †h, Dfq cÿ n‡Z g‡bvbxZ GKRb K‡iB Dwbqb cwil‡`i wbev©wPZ cÖwZwbwa n‡eb|

MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi aviv -5 Abymv‡i BDwc †Pqvig¨vb weev`K…Z †Kvb c‡¶i P¨v‡j‡Âi m¤§yLxb nb Zvn‡i aviv 5 Gi Dcaviv (1) Abymv‡i BDwbqb cwil‡`i Ab¨ m`m¨ MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi †Pqvig¨vb n‡eb|

M) MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi KvVv‡gv, GLwZqvi Ges ¶gZv

1. MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi KVv‡gv

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv103 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 104

1860 mv‡ji `Ðwewa AvB‡bi AvIZvq weweP¨ Aciva mg~n1) †Kvb †ew³‡K ‡¯^”QvcÖ‡Yvw`Z n‡q AvNvZ Kiv DrKvwb wn‡m‡e MY¨ n‡e

2) Awbó (†Kvb e¨w³i m¤úwˇZ †h †Kvb ai‡bi ÿwZi KviY)

3) AbwaKvi cÖ‡ek Kivi Aciva

4) †e-AvBbx mgv‡ek ev v½v

5) v½v-nv½vgv (ej cÖ‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡g KviI Amyweav Kiv)

6) KvD‡K wbqš¿‡b ivLv ev Ab¨vq fv‡e †Kvb e¨w³ ev m¤ú` AvU‡K ivLv

7) AvKw¯§K nvgjv

8) kvwšÍ f‡½i AwfcÖv‡q KvD‡K Acgvb Kiv

9) fq cÖ`k©b RwbZ Avciva

10) ^Mx©qmyL cvB‡q w`‡e GB D‡Ï‡k¨ KvD‡K cÖ‡ivwPZ Kiv

11) f~j Ges bvix‡`i kvjxbZvi cÖwZ Bw½Z Kiv

12) g`¨c e¨w³i Øviv Rbeûj ’v‡b Am`vPviY

13) Pzwi ^vfvweK, gwb‡ei m¤ú` ev evmM„‡n

14) m¤ú‡`i Amr AvZ¥mvr

15) wek¦vm f‡½i Aciva

16) cÖZviYv

17) Dc‡iv³ Aciva Ki‡Z cÖwZkÖæwZ †`Iqv ev Kwgkb‡K Aciva Ki‡Z cÖ‡ivPbv Kiv

AcivamsNwUZ n‡j ¶wZcyiY eve` 75000nvRvi UvKv ch©šÍ `vex Kiv hv‡e

MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi mv‡_ Ab¨vb¨ AvBbMZ KvVv‡gv¸‡jv wbb¥iæct

� MÖvg Av`vjZ wewa 1976;

� †dŠR`vix AvBb 1898 (fwjDg bs- 5, 1898);

� †`Iqvbx AvBb 1908(fwjDg bs- 5, 1908);

� mvg¨ cÖgvb AvBb 1872 (fwjDg bs- 1, 1872);

� kc_ AvBb 1873 (fwjDg bs- 10, 1873);

� Mevw`cï wbqš¿b AvBb 1871 (AvBb bs - 1, 1871);

� K…wl kÖg AvBb (byb¨Zg gRyix) (AW©vi bs - 17, 1984), Ges

� `Ð wewa AvBb (‡cbvj †KvW bs - XLV, 1860)

bvMwiK myweavi we‡eP¨ welqwb‡Pi Awf‡hvM¸‡jv MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi wePv‡ii AvIZvq Avbv hv‡e Zdwm‡ji wØZxq fv‡M ewb©Z wmwWDj Abyhvqx:

1. Pzw³, iwk` ev Ab¨ †Kvb wjj e‡j cÖvc¨ A_© Av`v‡qi my‡hvM

2. A¯’vei m¤úvwË cybiæ×vi ev Zvi g~j¨ Av`v‡qi myweav

3. GK eQ‡ii g‡a¨ †e`Lj n‡q hvIqv ’vei m¤úwË Lj cybiæ×v‡ii my‡hvM

4. †Kvb A¯’vei m¤úwËi Rei Lj ev bóKivi wecix‡Z ÿwZc~iY Av`v‡qi my‡hvM

5. Mevw`cï AbwaKvi cÖ‡e‡ki Kvi‡Y ¶wZcyiY Av`v‡qi my‡hvM

6. K…wl kÖwgK‡`i‡K cwi‡kva¨ gRyix I ¶wZcyiY Av`v‡qi my‡hvM

`vexK…Z UvKv, A_ev A¯’vei ev ’vei m¤úwËi g~j¨ AbwaK cuPvËi nvRvi UvKvi †ekx n‡e bv

3. MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi ¶gZvMÖvg Av`vjZ AvBb 2006 Gi aviv 7 Abymv‡i:

� MÖvg Av`vjZ Zdwm‡ji cÖ_g As‡k ebx©Z Aciva mgy‡ni †¶‡Î MÖvg Av`vjZ 75000 (cuPvËi nvRvi) UvKvi †ekx A`v‡qi Av‡`k w`‡Z cvi‡e bv |

� MÖvg Av`vjZ Zdwm‡ji wØZxq As‡k ewb©Z m~wP Abyhvqx MÖvg Av`vjZ Zdwm‡j D‡jøwLZ cwigvb A_© cÖK…Z gvwjK‡K cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ Av‡`k cÖ`vb Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

Ab¨vb¨ cÖvwZôvwbK Av`vj‡Zi g‡Zv, MÖvg Av`vjZ †Kvb ^vÿx‡K mgb cÖ`vb Kivi ¶gZv iv‡L| MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi aviv 10 G ejv nq †h,

� ‡`Iqvbx Kvh©wewai aviv 133 Gi Dcaviv (1) Abymv‡i MÖvg Av`vjZ ‡Kvb e¨w³‡K ^kix‡i Av`j‡Z Dcw¯’Z n‡Z ev cÖgvbvw` `vwLj Ki‡Z, ‰Zix Ki‡Z, A_ev †Kvb `jxjvw` ‰Zwii KviY Dc¯’vcb Kivi Rb¨ mgb Rvwi Ki‡Z cv‡i (K) †h e¨w³‡K Av`vjZ n‡Z Ae¨vnwZ †`qv n‡q‡Q Zv‡K ^kix‡i Av`vj‡Z nvwRi n‡Z wb‡`©k †`qv hv‡e bv|

� MÖvg Av`vjZ, hw` hyw³msMZfv‡e g‡b K‡i †h, A‡nZzK wej¤^, LiP ev Amyweav e¨wZZ †Kvb mv¶x‡K nvwRi Kiv m¤¢e bq Zvn‡j Av`vjZ Hmv¶x‡K mgb w`‡Z ev †mB mv¶xi weiæ‡× cÖ`Ë mgb Kvh©Ki Ki‡Z AMÖvn¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i|

� Av`vjZ hw` g‡b K‡i †h, MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi GLwZqvi ewn©f~Z GjvKvq emevmKvix †Kvb e¨w³i Av`vj‡Z hvZvqvZ ev Ab¨vb¨ LiP wbe©vn eve` ch©vß A_© Zv‡K cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ Av`vj‡Z Rgv †`qv nqwb Zvn‡j MÖvg Av`vjZ H e¨w³i mv¶¨ †`evi Rb¨ A_ev †Kvb wjj vwLj Kivi wb‡`©k cÖ`vb Ki‡e bv|

� MÖvg Av`vjZ ivóªxq welqvw` m¤úK©xZ †Kvb †Mvcbxq `wjj ev AcÖKvwkZ miKvix †iKW© hv iv‡óªi Kv‡Ri mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z Zv `vwLj Kivi Rb¨ †Kvb e¨w³‡K wb‡`©k cÖ`vb Ki‡e bv ev mswk¬ó †Kvb wefv‡Mi cÖavb Kg©KZ©vi AbygwZ e¨ZxZ Abyiæc †Mvcbxq `wjj ev AcÖKvwkZ miKvix †iKW© n‡Z ‡Kvb mv¶¨ cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ †Kvb e¨w³‡K wb‡`©k cÖ`vb Ki‡e bv|

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv105 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 106

1860 mv‡ji `Ðwewa AvB‡bi AvIZvq weweP¨ Aciva mg~n1) †Kvb †ew³‡K ‡¯^”QvcÖ‡Yvw`Z n‡q AvNvZ Kiv DrKvwb wn‡m‡e MY¨ n‡e

2) Awbó (†Kvb e¨w³i m¤úwˇZ †h †Kvb ai‡bi ÿwZi KviY)

3) AbwaKvi cÖ‡ek Kivi Aciva

4) †e-AvBbx mgv‡ek ev v½v

5) v½v-nv½vgv (ej cÖ‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡g KviI Amyweav Kiv)

6) KvD‡K wbqš¿‡b ivLv ev Ab¨vq fv‡e †Kvb e¨w³ ev m¤ú` AvU‡K ivLv

7) AvKw¯§K nvgjv

8) kvwšÍ f‡½i AwfcÖv‡q KvD‡K Acgvb Kiv

9) fq cÖ`k©b RwbZ Avciva

10) ^Mx©qmyL cvB‡q w`‡e GB D‡Ï‡k¨ KvD‡K cÖ‡ivwPZ Kiv

11) f~j Ges bvix‡`i kvjxbZvi cÖwZ Bw½Z Kiv

12) g`¨c e¨w³i Øviv Rbeûj ’v‡b Am`vPviY

13) Pzwi ^vfvweK, gwb‡ei m¤ú` ev evmM„‡n

14) m¤ú‡`i Amr AvZ¥mvr

15) wek¦vm f‡½i Aciva

16) cÖZviYv

17) Dc‡iv³ Aciva Ki‡Z cÖwZkÖæwZ †`Iqv ev Kwgkb‡K Aciva Ki‡Z cÖ‡ivPbv Kiv

AcivamsNwUZ n‡j ¶wZcyiY eve` 75000nvRvi UvKv ch©šÍ `vex Kiv hv‡e

MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi mv‡_ Ab¨vb¨ AvBbMZ KvVv‡gv¸‡jv wbb¥iæct

� MÖvg Av`vjZ wewa 1976;

� †dŠR`vix AvBb 1898 (fwjDg bs- 5, 1898);

� †`Iqvbx AvBb 1908(fwjDg bs- 5, 1908);

� mvg¨ cÖgvb AvBb 1872 (fwjDg bs- 1, 1872);

� kc_ AvBb 1873 (fwjDg bs- 10, 1873);

� Mevw`cï wbqš¿b AvBb 1871 (AvBb bs - 1, 1871);

� K…wl kÖg AvBb (byb¨Zg gRyix) (AW©vi bs - 17, 1984), Ges

� `Ð wewa AvBb (‡cbvj †KvW bs - XLV, 1860)

bvMwiK myweavi we‡eP¨ welqwb‡Pi Awf‡hvM¸‡jv MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi wePv‡ii AvIZvq Avbv hv‡e Zdwm‡ji wØZxq fv‡M ewb©Z wmwWDj Abyhvqx:

1. Pzw³, iwk` ev Ab¨ †Kvb wjj e‡j cÖvc¨ A_© Av`v‡qi my‡hvM

2. A¯’vei m¤úvwË cybiæ×vi ev Zvi g~j¨ Av`v‡qi myweav

3. GK eQ‡ii g‡a¨ †e`Lj n‡q hvIqv ’vei m¤úwË Lj cybiæ×v‡ii my‡hvM

4. †Kvb A¯’vei m¤úwËi Rei Lj ev bóKivi wecix‡Z ÿwZc~iY Av`v‡qi my‡hvM

5. Mevw`cï AbwaKvi cÖ‡e‡ki Kvi‡Y ¶wZcyiY Av`v‡qi my‡hvM

6. K…wl kÖwgK‡`i‡K cwi‡kva¨ gRyix I ¶wZcyiY Av`v‡qi my‡hvM

`vexK…Z UvKv, A_ev A¯’vei ev ’vei m¤úwËi g~j¨ AbwaK cuPvËi nvRvi UvKvi †ekx n‡e bv

3. MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi ¶gZvMÖvg Av`vjZ AvBb 2006 Gi aviv 7 Abymv‡i:

� MÖvg Av`vjZ Zdwm‡ji cÖ_g As‡k ebx©Z Aciva mgy‡ni †¶‡Î MÖvg Av`vjZ 75000 (cuPvËi nvRvi) UvKvi †ekx A`v‡qi Av‡`k w`‡Z cvi‡e bv |

� MÖvg Av`vjZ Zdwm‡ji wØZxq As‡k ewb©Z m~wP Abyhvqx MÖvg Av`vjZ Zdwm‡j D‡jøwLZ cwigvb A_© cÖK…Z gvwjK‡K cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ Av‡`k cÖ`vb Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

Ab¨vb¨ cÖvwZôvwbK Av`vj‡Zi g‡Zv, MÖvg Av`vjZ †Kvb ^vÿx‡K mgb cÖ`vb Kivi ¶gZv iv‡L| MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi aviv 10 G ejv nq †h,

� ‡`Iqvbx Kvh©wewai aviv 133 Gi Dcaviv (1) Abymv‡i MÖvg Av`vjZ ‡Kvb e¨w³‡K ^kix‡i Av`j‡Z Dcw¯’Z n‡Z ev cÖgvbvw` `vwLj Ki‡Z, ‰Zix Ki‡Z, A_ev †Kvb `jxjvw` ‰Zwii KviY Dc¯’vcb Kivi Rb¨ mgb Rvwi Ki‡Z cv‡i (K) †h e¨w³‡K Av`vjZ n‡Z Ae¨vnwZ †`qv n‡q‡Q Zv‡K ^kix‡i Av`vj‡Z nvwRi n‡Z wb‡`©k †`qv hv‡e bv|

� MÖvg Av`vjZ, hw` hyw³msMZfv‡e g‡b K‡i †h, A‡nZzK wej¤^, LiP ev Amyweav e¨wZZ †Kvb mv¶x‡K nvwRi Kiv m¤¢e bq Zvn‡j Av`vjZ Hmv¶x‡K mgb w`‡Z ev †mB mv¶xi weiæ‡× cÖ`Ë mgb Kvh©Ki Ki‡Z AMÖvn¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i|

� Av`vjZ hw` g‡b K‡i †h, MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi GLwZqvi ewn©f~Z GjvKvq emevmKvix †Kvb e¨w³i Av`vj‡Z hvZvqvZ ev Ab¨vb¨ LiP wbe©vn eve` ch©vß A_© Zv‡K cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ Av`vj‡Z Rgv †`qv nqwb Zvn‡j MÖvg Av`vjZ H e¨w³i mv¶¨ †`evi Rb¨ A_ev †Kvb wjj vwLj Kivi wb‡`©k cÖ`vb Ki‡e bv|

� MÖvg Av`vjZ ivóªxq welqvw` m¤úK©xZ †Kvb †Mvcbxq `wjj ev AcÖKvwkZ miKvix †iKW© hv iv‡óªi Kv‡Ri mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z Zv `vwLj Kivi Rb¨ †Kvb e¨w³‡K wb‡`©k cÖ`vb Ki‡e bv ev mswk¬ó †Kvb wefv‡Mi cÖavb Kg©KZ©vi AbygwZ e¨ZxZ Abyiæc †Mvcbxq `wjj ev AcÖKvwkZ miKvix †iKW© n‡Z ‡Kvb mv¶¨ cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ †Kvb e¨w³‡K wb‡`©k cÖ`vb Ki‡e bv|

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv105 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 106

MÖvg Av`vjZ hw` †Kvb e¨w³‡K Av`vj‡Z nvwRi n‡q ^vÿ¨ w`‡Z ev wjjvw` vwLj Ki‡Z Av`vj‡Zi Av‡`k Agvb¨ K‡i Zvn‡j Av`vjZ Zvi GB AvPiY wePv‡ii Rb¨ MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges GB e¨w³i e¨vL¨v Kivi my‡hvM †`ivi ci Zv‡K AbwaK GK nvRvi (1000) UvKv ch©šÍ Rwigvbv Ki‡Z cv‡i|

MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi aviv-11 Abymv‡i MÖvg Av`vjZ Aegvbbvi Rb¨ Av`vjZ Rwigvbv Kivi ¶gZv iv‡L| GB wefv‡M MÖvg Av`vjZ Aegvbvi Rb¨ †`vlx e¨w³i ARynvZ QvovB Av`vjZ Aegvbbvi Rb¨ †`vlx cÖgvb Kiv hv‡e| †hgbt

K) Av`vjZ ev Av`vj‡Zi †Kv‡bv m`m¨‡K Acgvb Kivi d‡j GwU Kvh©Ki nq

L) Av`vj‡Zi †Kvb Kv‡R weNœ NUv‡bvi d‡j; ev

M) Av`vjZ KZK„© †Kvb bw_ DÌvcb ev wewj Ki‡Z e¨_© n‡j; ev

N) Av`vj‡Zi †Kvb cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z eva¨ nIqv m‡Z¡I †Kvb e¨w³ DËi w`‡Z ivRx bvn‡j; ev

O) Av`vjZ wb‡`©k †`Iqvi ciI, hw` †Kvb e¨w³ mZ¨ wee„wZ w`‡e g‡g© kc_ Ki‡Z ivRx bv n‡j ev †Kvb wee„wZ‡Z ^vÿi Ki‡Z A¯^xKvi Ki‡j |

Av`vjZ Aegvbbvi Rb¨ MÖvg Av`vjZ GK nvRvi (1000) UvKvi AbwaK Rwigvbv Ki‡Z eva¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i|

mswkøó AvBbRxwe‡K MÖvg Av`vj‡Z AšÍ©fz³ Ki‡Z wewawb‡la Av‡ivc Ki‡j †m‡ÿ‡Î MÖvg Av`vjZ AvcvZZ Av‡e`b Kvix‡`i LiP cvkKvUv‡Z Ges xN© AvBbx evKweZÐv n‡Z m‡i Avm‡Z cv‡i|

aviv - 8 Abymv‡i MÖvg Av`vjZ Av`vj‡Zi mev©waK m`m¨‡`i gZvg‡Zi wfwˇZ PzovšÍ djvdj †Nvlbv Ki‡Z cv‡i|

� hw` MÖvg Av`vjZ me©m¤§wZµ‡g A_ev Pvi R‡bi gZvg‡Zi wewˇZ wm×všÍ MÖnY K‡i (4:1)

� hw` 4 Rb Dcw¯’‡Zi g‡a¨ hw` 3 R‡bi mb¥wZ‡Z wm×všÍ MÖnb K‡i (3:1)

MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi wm×všÍ Øviv c¶‡`i‡K †eu‡a ivLv DwPZ Ges MÖvg Av`vjZ AvB‡bi weavb Abymv‡i Kvh©Kwi Kiv DwPZ n‡e|

Mªvg Av`vj‡Zi wm×všÍ wZb-`yB (3t2) msL¨vMwiô †fv‡U M„nxZ n‡j, msÿz× cÿ, D³ wm×v‡šÍi weiæ‡× (wba©vwiZ 30 w`‡bi g‡a¨) wb¤œ wjwLZfv‡e Avcxj Ki‡Z cvi‡et

� gvgjvwU AvB‡bi wmwWDj Gi cvU©-1 G ewb©Z ‡Kvb Aciv‡ai mv‡_ m¤ú©wK©Z n‡j, GLwZqvi m¤úbœ GKRb 1g †kÖbxi g¨vwR‡óªU Av`vj‡Z Avcxj Kiv hv‡e|

� gvgjvwU AvB‡bi wmwWDj Gi cvU©-2 G ewb©Z welqvejxi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z n‡j, GLwZqvi m¤úbœ mnKvix RR Av`vj‡Z Avcxj Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

g¨vwR‡óªU A_ev mnKvix RR Av`vj‡Zi Kv‡Q hw` g‡b nq †h we‡eP¨ †ÿ‡Î MÖvg Av`vjZ mywePvi Ki‡Z e¨_© n‡q‡Q †mLv‡b b¨vq wePvi nqwb Zvn‡j wm×všÍ cwieZ©b Ki‡Z cv‡ib A_ev Awf‡hvMwU MÖvg Av`vj‡Z Zv‡`i gZvg‡Zi Rb¨ cvVv‡q w`‡eb| hw` †Kvb

4. MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi me©‡kl djvdj

5. Avcxj Kivi weavb

Awf‡hvM ev Aciva MÖvg Av`vj‡Z wb®úwË nq Z‡e †mwU cybivq Ab¨ Av`vj‡Z cvVv‡bv hv‡e bv|

MÖvg Av`vjZ Kvh©Ki Kivi Rb¨ BDwbqb cwil‡`i cÖwZwbwa‡`i wbb¥wjwLZ vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Z n‡et

� MÖvg Av`vjZ Ges MÖvgxb wePvi e¨e¯’v m¤ú‡K© h‡_ó aviYv AR©b Kiv|

� MÖvg Av`vjZ AvBb Ges fywgKv m¤ú‡K© aviYv _vKv |

� MÖvg Av`vjZ cwiPvjbvq ¶Zv AR©b Kiv|

� MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi †iwRóvi Ges mKj cÖKvi dig e¨envi Ges msiÿY Kiv |

� MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi wePvwiK Av`k© Ges g~j¨‡eva m¤ú‡K© Rvbv |

� MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi cÖwµqv m¤ú‡K© BDwbq‡b mKj Rbmvavib‡K fvjfv‡e AeMZ Kiv‡bv|

� bw_f~³ Awf‡hvM / gvgjv mgyn mgvav‡bi wbqwgZ MÖvg Av`vjZ cwiPvjbv Kiv|

� BDwbqb cwil‡`i ÷¨vwÐs KwgwUmg~n‡K MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi wePv‡ii AvIZvq Avbv |

� Dc‡Rjv Kvh©Kvix KwgwUmg~n‡K MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi wePv‡ii AvIZvq Abv |

� Dc‡Rjv wbev©nx Kg©KZ©v‡K 6 gvm cici MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi Z_¨ †`Iqv |

N. MÖvg Av`vjZ Kvh©Kv‡ii Rb¨ BDwbqb cwil‡`i fzwgKv

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv107 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 108

MÖvg Av`vjZ hw` †Kvb e¨w³‡K Av`vj‡Z nvwRi n‡q ^vÿ¨ w`‡Z ev wjjvw` vwLj Ki‡Z Av`vj‡Zi Av‡`k Agvb¨ K‡i Zvn‡j Av`vjZ Zvi GB AvPiY wePv‡ii Rb¨ MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges GB e¨w³i e¨vL¨v Kivi my‡hvM †`ivi ci Zv‡K AbwaK GK nvRvi (1000) UvKv ch©šÍ Rwigvbv Ki‡Z cv‡i|

MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi aviv-11 Abymv‡i MÖvg Av`vjZ Aegvbbvi Rb¨ Av`vjZ Rwigvbv Kivi ¶gZv iv‡L| GB wefv‡M MÖvg Av`vjZ Aegvbvi Rb¨ †`vlx e¨w³i ARynvZ QvovB Av`vjZ Aegvbbvi Rb¨ †`vlx cÖgvb Kiv hv‡e| †hgbt

K) Av`vjZ ev Av`vj‡Zi †Kv‡bv m`m¨‡K Acgvb Kivi d‡j GwU Kvh©Ki nq

L) Av`vj‡Zi †Kvb Kv‡R weNœ NUv‡bvi d‡j; ev

M) Av`vjZ KZK„© †Kvb bw_ DÌvcb ev wewj Ki‡Z e¨_© n‡j; ev

N) Av`vj‡Zi †Kvb cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z eva¨ nIqv m‡Z¡I †Kvb e¨w³ DËi w`‡Z ivRx bvn‡j; ev

O) Av`vjZ wb‡`©k †`Iqvi ciI, hw` †Kvb e¨w³ mZ¨ wee„wZ w`‡e g‡g© kc_ Ki‡Z ivRx bv n‡j ev †Kvb wee„wZ‡Z ^vÿi Ki‡Z A¯^xKvi Ki‡j |

Av`vjZ Aegvbbvi Rb¨ MÖvg Av`vjZ GK nvRvi (1000) UvKvi AbwaK Rwigvbv Ki‡Z eva¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i|

mswkøó AvBbRxwe‡K MÖvg Av`vj‡Z AšÍ©fz³ Ki‡Z wewawb‡la Av‡ivc Ki‡j †m‡ÿ‡Î MÖvg Av`vjZ AvcvZZ Av‡e`b Kvix‡`i LiP cvkKvUv‡Z Ges xN© AvBbx evKweZÐv n‡Z m‡i Avm‡Z cv‡i|

aviv - 8 Abymv‡i MÖvg Av`vjZ Av`vj‡Zi mev©waK m`m¨‡`i gZvg‡Zi wfwˇZ PzovšÍ djvdj †Nvlbv Ki‡Z cv‡i|

� hw` MÖvg Av`vjZ me©m¤§wZµ‡g A_ev Pvi R‡bi gZvg‡Zi wewˇZ wm×všÍ MÖnY K‡i (4:1)

� hw` 4 Rb Dcw¯’‡Zi g‡a¨ hw` 3 R‡bi mb¥wZ‡Z wm×všÍ MÖnb K‡i (3:1)

MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi wm×všÍ Øviv c¶‡`i‡K †eu‡a ivLv DwPZ Ges MÖvg Av`vjZ AvB‡bi weavb Abymv‡i Kvh©Kwi Kiv DwPZ n‡e|

Mªvg Av`vj‡Zi wm×všÍ wZb-`yB (3t2) msL¨vMwiô †fv‡U M„nxZ n‡j, msÿz× cÿ, D³ wm×v‡šÍi weiæ‡× (wba©vwiZ 30 w`‡bi g‡a¨) wb¤œ wjwLZfv‡e Avcxj Ki‡Z cvi‡et

� gvgjvwU AvB‡bi wmwWDj Gi cvU©-1 G ewb©Z ‡Kvb Aciv‡ai mv‡_ m¤ú©wK©Z n‡j, GLwZqvi m¤úbœ GKRb 1g †kÖbxi g¨vwR‡óªU Av`vj‡Z Avcxj Kiv hv‡e|

� gvgjvwU AvB‡bi wmwWDj Gi cvU©-2 G ewb©Z welqvejxi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z n‡j, GLwZqvi m¤úbœ mnKvix RR Av`vj‡Z Avcxj Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

g¨vwR‡óªU A_ev mnKvix RR Av`vj‡Zi Kv‡Q hw` g‡b nq †h we‡eP¨ †ÿ‡Î MÖvg Av`vjZ mywePvi Ki‡Z e¨_© n‡q‡Q †mLv‡b b¨vq wePvi nqwb Zvn‡j wm×všÍ cwieZ©b Ki‡Z cv‡ib A_ev Awf‡hvMwU MÖvg Av`vj‡Z Zv‡`i gZvg‡Zi Rb¨ cvVv‡q w`‡eb| hw` †Kvb

4. MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi me©‡kl djvdj

5. Avcxj Kivi weavb

Awf‡hvM ev Aciva MÖvg Av`vj‡Z wb®úwË nq Z‡e †mwU cybivq Ab¨ Av`vj‡Z cvVv‡bv hv‡e bv|

MÖvg Av`vjZ Kvh©Ki Kivi Rb¨ BDwbqb cwil‡`i cÖwZwbwa‡`i wbb¥wjwLZ vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Z n‡et

� MÖvg Av`vjZ Ges MÖvgxb wePvi e¨e¯’v m¤ú‡K© h‡_ó aviYv AR©b Kiv|

� MÖvg Av`vjZ AvBb Ges fywgKv m¤ú‡K© aviYv _vKv |

� MÖvg Av`vjZ cwiPvjbvq ¶Zv AR©b Kiv|

� MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi †iwRóvi Ges mKj cÖKvi dig e¨envi Ges msiÿY Kiv |

� MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi wePvwiK Av`k© Ges g~j¨‡eva m¤ú‡K© Rvbv |

� MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi cÖwµqv m¤ú‡K© BDwbq‡b mKj Rbmvavib‡K fvjfv‡e AeMZ Kiv‡bv|

� bw_f~³ Awf‡hvM / gvgjv mgyn mgvav‡bi wbqwgZ MÖvg Av`vjZ cwiPvjbv Kiv|

� BDwbqb cwil‡`i ÷¨vwÐs KwgwUmg~n‡K MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi wePv‡ii AvIZvq Avbv |

� Dc‡Rjv Kvh©Kvix KwgwUmg~n‡K MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi wePv‡ii AvIZvq Abv |

� Dc‡Rjv wbev©nx Kg©KZ©v‡K 6 gvm cici MÖvg Av`vj‡Zi Z_¨ †`Iqv |

N. MÖvg Av`vjZ Kvh©Kv‡ii Rb¨ BDwbqb cwil‡`i fzwgKv

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv107 cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 108

Aa¨vqcÖwk¶bcieZx© g~j¨vqb

Aa¨vq `kg

`kg Aa¨vqcÖwkÿY cieZx© g~j¨vqb

cÖwkÿ‡bi bvg :

cÖwkÿ‡bi ZvwiL : ïiæi ZvwiL : †kl ZvwiL :

cÖwkÿb mnvq‡Ki bvg :

cÖwkÿb MÖnxZv‡`i bvg :

Dˇii gvÎv (†¯‹j):m¤ú~Y© GKgZ bq = 1wKQzUv GKgZ = 2 †gvUv‡gvwU GKgZ = 3GKgZ = 4m¤ú~b© GKgZ = 5

1 2 3 4 5

cÖkœmg~n1. Avwg ¯^vaxbfv‡e cÖwkÿ‡b AskMÖnY Ki‡Z †c‡iwQ |

2. cÖwkÿ‡bi mgq Avwg Ab¨vb¨ AskMÖnY Kvix‡`i mv‡_ gZvgZ wewbwgq Ki‡Z †c‡iwQ|

3. cÖwkÿb n‡Z AwR©Z Ávb I wkÿb Avgv‡K fwel¨‡Z Aeavb ivL‡Z n‡Z AbycÖvYxZ Ki‡e|

4. cÖwkÿb n‡Z AwR©Z Ávb I wkÿb Avgvi `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ cvj‡b A‡bK †ekx mnvqK n‡e|

5. cÖwkÿb Avgvi cÖZ¨vkv m¤ú~Y© c~iY Ki‡Z †c‡i‡Q|

1 2 3 4 5

1 2 3 4 5

1 2 3 4 5

1 2 3 4 5

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 110

Aa¨vqcÖwk¶bcieZx© g~j¨vqb

Aa¨vq `kg

`kg Aa¨vqcÖwkÿY cieZx© g~j¨vqb

cÖwkÿ‡bi bvg :

cÖwkÿ‡bi ZvwiL : ïiæi ZvwiL : †kl ZvwiL :

cÖwkÿb mnvq‡Ki bvg :

cÖwkÿb MÖnxZv‡`i bvg :

Dˇii gvÎv (†¯‹j):m¤ú~Y© GKgZ bq = 1wKQzUv GKgZ = 2 †gvUv‡gvwU GKgZ = 3GKgZ = 4m¤ú~b© GKgZ = 5

1 2 3 4 5

cÖkœmg~n1. Avwg ¯^vaxbfv‡e cÖwkÿ‡b AskMÖnY Ki‡Z †c‡iwQ |

2. cÖwkÿ‡bi mgq Avwg Ab¨vb¨ AskMÖnY Kvix‡`i mv‡_ gZvgZ wewbwgq Ki‡Z †c‡iwQ|

3. cÖwkÿb n‡Z AwR©Z Ávb I wkÿb Avgv‡K fwel¨‡Z Aeavb ivL‡Z n‡Z AbycÖvYxZ Ki‡e|

4. cÖwkÿb n‡Z AwR©Z Ávb I wkÿb Avgvi `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ cvj‡b A‡bK †ekx mnvqK n‡e|

5. cÖwkÿb Avgvi cÖZ¨vkv m¤ú~Y© c~iY Ki‡Z †c‡i‡Q|

1 2 3 4 5

1 2 3 4 5

1 2 3 4 5

1 2 3 4 5

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv 110

6. Avcbvi Kg©‡ÿ‡Î cÖwkÿb jä Ävb I wkÿb wKfv‡e Kv‡R jvM‡e?

7. DËi `vZv‡`i ¯^vÿi I ZvwiL

Design & Print: www.PATHWAY.com.bd

¯’vbxq m¤ú‡`i m‡ev©”P e¨envi wbwðZKivi Ri¨ ¯’vbxq miKv‡ii cÖ‡qvRbxq ÿgZv

I my‡hvM cÖ‡qvRb!

Avgiv ¯’vbxq wm×všÍ MÖnY cÖwµqvqmgv‡Ri AwZ-`wi`ª gvby‡li AskMÖnb PvB!

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv111

6. Avcbvi Kg©‡ÿ‡Î cÖwkÿb jä Ävb I wkÿb wKfv‡e Kv‡R jvM‡e?

7. DËi `vZv‡`i ¯^vÿi I ZvwiL

Design & Print: www.PATHWAY.com.bd

¯’vbxq m¤ú‡`i m‡ev©”P e¨envi wbwðZKivi Ri¨ ¯’vbxq miKv‡ii cÖ‡qvRbxq ÿgZv

I my‡hvM cÖ‡qvRb!

Avgiv ¯’vbxq wm×všÍ MÖnY cÖwµqvqmgv‡Ri AwZ-`wi`ª gvby‡li AskMÖnb PvB!

cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv111