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Training & capacity building in developing countries
IAEA can help to fund scientists from developing countries interested in participating in GEOTRACES
• Participation in GEOTRACES cruises
• short-term training visits to laboratories
• workshops – where IAEA funds some scientists [developing countries] and some speakers [developed countries]
GEOTRACES
Important: early planning (> 2 years); contact IAEA in due time
GEOTRACES study off Namibia Objective: Cycling of TEIs and boundary
exchange in relation to:- Upwelling- Gradients in bioproductivity - Gradients in the composition of particle flux- Hypoxia (related to emissions of hydrogen sulphur)- Submarine groundwater discharge- Controls of advection on TEI distribution
Weeks et al., 2004
Sulphur plume
Advection and TEIs distribution in the North Atlantic
Objective: Changes of TEIs related to variable thermohaline circulation
Change of Labrador Sea Water formation from CFC inventories
(moles/grid area) 1970 – 1997: 10 Sv
1998 – 1999: 7-9 Sv 2000 – 2001: 3-4 Sv
2001 – 2003: not muchM. Rhein, pers comm.
Charlie-Gibbs
Fracture Zone
Labr
ador
Sea
Icel
and
Bas
in
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8
230Thex (dpm/m3)
De
pth
(m
)
Normal Scavenging (S = 2.2m/d)Labrador Sea (1993)Labrador Sea (1999)Eastern N. Atlantic (1994)Eastern N. Atlantic (1996)Eastern N. Atlantic (2001)
Moran et al., 2002; Vogler et al.,1998; Scholten, unpublished
Repeat sections in the North Atlantic during duration of GEOTRACES
Charlie-GibbsFracture Zone