1

www.drinkdrive.org.uk

ddeplus@drinkdrive.org.uk

Trainer Handbook

March 2016

2

3

Contents

page content

1 - 3 Cover, Contents, Introduction, Background

5 Programme, Equal Opportunities Policy, Handbook, Equipment

6 Signs, Name badges, Room Layout

7 Register,

8 Week 1 - First 5mins, Domestic Arrangements,

9 Ice-breaker Exercise, Group Guidelines,

10 Workbooks, Alcohol Knowledge Quiz ANSWERS

11 - 15 The Bar, Cans, Drink diaries,

16 Sensible-Safe-Legal, HRO, Criminal record

17 s42, Offence Codes.

18 - 19 What's a Road? Homework feedback, Recap week 1

20 Week 2 feedback

21 - 22 Effects of Alcohol, PIES,

23 Drug Driving,

24 Field Impairment Testing , Social Aspects, Tolerance + Inhibition,

Elimination Rates,

25 Homework, Recap week 2

26 The Journey, OK for Me.

27 Week 3 Dependence, Process of Change,

28 Risk, High Risk Situations Card Game, Resources, AKQ again, Certificates,

29 Evaluation, Goodbye

4

Introduction

This course handbook shows how you can fulfil the aims and objectives set by the Department for Transport (DfT) / Driving and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA). It needs to be used in conjunction with the current version of the Clients’ Course Handbook.

Different groups need to do things in different ways; they come from a range of social/cultural backgrounds, with differing levels of literacy, group-work experience, motivation and expectations. In the same way, trainers bring their own life and work experience to bear, therefore the strategies/ learning tools employed need to be flexible. That said, some parts need to be more prescribed.

A variety of learning methods will be used including - short lectures/presentations, group exercises, work-sheets, self-assessment forms, quizzes and a great deal of interactive group discussion.

Background to the scheme

It all started with the North Committee Review of Road Traffic Law (The North Report) which recommended the setting up of a number of experimental courses for drink-drivers along the lines of courses developed and run by John Cook of Hampshire Probation Service. The idea was given legislative effect by s30 of the Road Traffic Act 1991 (which amended the Road Traffic Offences Act 1988) - allowing for ‘reduced disqualification periods for attendance on courses’.

In November 1992 the Minister for Roads and Traffic began experimental courses in 29 Courts. It was so successful that in January 1998 this experimental scheme was extended to 176 courts, and from 1st January 2000 it is national and permanent.

In late 2010 Lord North reviewed his report. A full version is available from the office as a pdf file. These are edited highlights from his conclusions -

In the long term, the Government should aim for an “effectively zero” limit of 20mg/100ml (blood) but we acknowledge that this is too great a step at this stage. [dde believe this should be 9mg/100ml]. We (North) believe that any reduction in the legal drink drive limit should only occur after an extensive Government education campaign, run in conjunction with the pub, restaurant and hospitality industries, about drink strengths and their effect on the body. In doing so, the Government should look to learn from experiences in other countries which have successfully implemented a reduction in the drink drive limit to either 50mg/100ml or 20mg/100ml. Drug driving is as important an issue as drink driving, given the risks involved to other road users, the relative lack of public awareness and the current lack of adequate police enforcement. The Government should aim to improve the detection of drug driving so that it is as important a road safety priority as combating drink driving. We recommend that the Government develop a five-year strategy for tackling drug driving. On balance we favour the adoption of a “zero-tolerance” offence for illegal drugs which are known to impair driving, which are widely misused, including among drivers, and which represent a substantial part of the drug driving problem. As with alcohol, “zero-tolerance” would not necessarily mean the detection of drugs in the bloodstream. An appropriate quantity would need to be detected in order to rule out, for example, passive inhalation. If a new offence is created, the Government should retain the current impairment offence to cover other drugs that impair driving ability, such as medicines and ‘legal highs’.

5

The Programme The programme is dictated by DfT/DVSA with a minimum of 16 hours. It is tried and tested and is now run over 16 hours in 3 sessions if daytime or 4 if in the evening. This is to enable time for reflection and ‘homework’. The primary Aim of the course is - To reduce the likelihood of re-offending.

The objectives of the course are:

• To increase knowledge about alcohol • To improve health related alcohol behaviours • To identify, and promote change in risk taking behaviour • To improve driving skill and encourage people to take pride in their driving and drive safely • To consider the need for change in attitudes to drink-driving • To explore the process of change • To refer on to appropriate agencies where alcohol dependence is identified.

Equal Opportunities Policy

dde is committed to achieving an educational environment which actively promotes equality of opportunity and freedom from discrimination on grounds of age, class, cultural or ethnic origin, disability, educational attainment, criminal history, gender, marital status, nationality, religion and sexual orientation in every aspect of our work.

dde will - Communicate in clear language, appropriate to the community it serves. Indicate clearly that all eligible applicants will be welcome. Make links with community groups to encourage equal access and participation. Reasonably enquire of people’s needs so that the necessary facilities may be provided. State clearly that we are committed to equal opportunities. Make participants aware of the policy at the beginning of each course. Endeavour to use premises with adequate access . Use course material that portrays positive images. Use teaching methods that achieve parity of esteem for all.

The Handbook This course handbook is designed to inform course leaders; it is the culmination of many people’s ideas over many years; where sources are known, credit is given. (if not - and it’s yours, tell us!) The methods are not meant to be rigidly applied, but rather are a guide to ensure that certain key areas (which DfT/DVSA stipulate see link of our website for full details) are addressed on the course. In some areas there is more than one method, you can chose which ever suits your style. If you invent a better one, please share it so we can constantly promote best practice. Good luck!

This handbook presents the course in detail - with all you need to know - well almost!

Equipment (general)

Running Order sheet A1 flipchart paper HIGH and LOW and UNIT numbers 1-1½-2-3-4 - Laminate cards Field Impairment Card pens, marker pens, Blu Tack Set of High Risk Situation Cards

6

labels - on a roll work better than sheets signs - dde, arrows, our tea+, welcome, too late! your trainer name badge laminate roll for elimination rate exercise and Absorption

Bar: bottles glasses and cans.

cups - polystyrene are easier than china mugs - people can put their initials on it and use it all day, spoons, tea, coffee, milk, sugar, soft drinks, biscuits, tea towel.

This handbook will follow the 'Run Order' (see annex A)

Signs Most clients are very nervous about coming on a course – beware those who are not! They need nice clear signs to find their way, these are provided – ask for more as you need them, arrows on a bit of Blu Tack help direct the way. Generally, you can't have too many! Collect them in at the first break, there is one to put on the door when you start the group that says – 'you're too late, contact the office to rebook'

Name Badges Please wear yours, and again ask for new ones as needed. They mark you out and make it easy to identify you – clients don't like to ask! Ask everyone to make themselves a name badge – whatever they want to be known as – remind them to take it off before going home, or to the shops at lunchtime, or they will wonder why everyone is being so friendly! Do get them to replace / renew it after lunch. We use 'first' name rather than 'Christian' name these days, as many people aren’t! Likewise 'family' name in preference to 'Surname'.

Room Layout How people sit can influence the group’s behaviour; the examples below show the most popular, leaving out the worst – traditional seating plan. Cluster is good especially if the room is a bar, 4 or 5 people round a small table works well but someone always has their back to you and it can be a difficult set-up to keep control. Theatre is too formal and the disruptive always make for the back row. Boardroom can be good, it gives somewhere to write but is more difficult to get people up and moving e.g. to the bar. Horseshoe is good, you can walk up and down in the centre, walking towards distracted members helps reintegrate them, it gives somewhere to write but activity is lower. Circle seems, over time, to be the best; it has all the advantages and few of the disadvantages.

If more than one trainer don’t sit together or at the ‘front’, sometimes opposite is better, or at least in eye-line, as it can aid communication. It also feels a bit less ‘us and them’.

7

All training rooms will have either the facility for a welcoming ‘cuppa’ in the room, or use of nearby kitchen. Register

This is a sample of a Register – it contains emergency contact details for the venue, which can be a life-saver on a Saturday morning, and any specific information relevant to the venue. Clients are asked to bring their Final Receipt with them to enrolment plus any other ID they have to hand – the information will help establish their identity. The Court only asked Their Unique Reference Number will be at the top of any letter/receipt from us. A request for their date of birth can be cross-referenced. When clients book, they are asked the name they would like to be known as and this appears on the Register but their actual name and address is on their letters/receipts. The Register shows key information for each participant. The ‘date to complete course by’ should be two months before they are due back on the road, but sometimes the Court makes an error and this is incorrect – if the client is in any doubt about this, always ask them to ring the office for an explanation. The ‘ban/reduction’ field may show a reduction that is not always 25% of the ban – this is at the court's discretion. Ensure each person signs in every week – this is their proof of attendance. If someone doesn’t arrive, please notify the office at the first available opportunity and fill in that box with “DNA”. If anyone has moved house, please ensure they give new address details on the bottom or reverse side of the Register, so we can send their Certificate to the correct place.

The Register also shows if they are HRO or not. Clients usually have no idea that they are or what this means to them. In the 4th column note what form of ID you accepted – anything with their photo and name is acceptable - passport, National ID card, bus pass, library card, shotgun licence, driving licence!

It is also necessary to enter on the register who did the bar so a log can be kept.

ID?

8

Week 1

Equipment (for week one)

Running Order sheet – please do use this if there are two of you maybe only wk1. A1 flipchart paper HIGH and LOW laminates and UNIT numbers 1-1½-2-3-4. Field Impairment Card pens, marker pens, Blu Tack labels - on a roll work better than sheets signs - dde, arrows, welcome, too late! your Trainer name badge Prepared A1 sheet for 'name game' and 'ice breaker' exercises

Absorption Laminate or A1 sheet for wall Bar: bottles, glasses and cans. Client workbooks Calculator wheels from DrinkAware Trust

Cups - polystyrene are easier than china mugs – get people to put their initials on it and use it all day, spoons, tea, coffee, milk, sugar, soft drinks, biscuits, tea towel.

Introduction - The First 5 Minutes

In some ways the first 5 minutes are the most important of the course; if people can be brought on board now then they will gain much more from the activity. This is why we insist on prompt arrival. It's a nice idea to write 'Welcome' on the board/A1 sheet with 'your trainers today are . . . . '. In your short! introduction to what we are going to do today I like to acknowledge that at this point in time, participants’ main, if not sole, interest is to regain their licence early and they may well feel they would endure almost anything to get that. That is a reasonable view to hold at this point. However they have paid a not inconsiderable sum to attend the course so it is hoped that they will get considerable ‘added value’ and, at the end of the course, feel it has been worthwhile in its own right. You may find people have paid differing amounts to do the course depending when they book; ‘early bird’ discount or discount to fill a course threatened with cancellation. Emphasis should be placed on the fact that there will be no shocks or surprises, that we are all anxious at the beginning of a new experience. We don't want or intend this to be part of the punishment, but the beginning of the road back to driving again; cheaper, quicker and safer. Whilst total acquiescence and agreement with everything we say about alcohol is not essential, participation is. Do say something about dde – 'that we are an independent training agency; we are a not-for-

profit organisation and work under contract for the Driving & Vehicle Standards Agency. We are

not a part of the Police, Courts or DVLA' Domestic arrangements - fire exits, toilets, smoking, phones (off and away please, we don't want us appearing on You-Tube tonight do we?) breaks - morning, lunch about 1:00 and afternoon.

9

Ice breaker exercise, the aim of which is to help the members begin to talk in the group, to begin to know names, ours and each other’s.

Ask the group to talk to the person next to them for 5 minutes, at the end of which the trainer will go round the group asking ‘what is your partner’s name (or how they would like to be known on the course - I’m always surprised how many people aren’t known by the their official first name - we ask when they book 'what do you like to be called?' so the register should show that name) and what is their preferred drink?’

Don't specify alcohol at this stage – though most will assume so. When we come to the next part it may show some of the course members will be choosing not to drink, either temporarily or permanently, and this is OK.

Prepare this sheet, by drawing lines on a sheet of A1 paper, but don't put 'Name' or 'Drink' on it until you start to collect the names, Don't put 'wk1, 2, 3 or 4' on it till much later!

Name Drink

Chris lager

Sam wine

Jo tea

Go round the group entering their name (just first or whatever they want to be known as). Include both trainers in the round; even starting with one, it sets the scene for the group to follow.

If you have two people with the same name please differentiate (perhaps use the last name initial e.g. 'Chris H'). This exercise does a number of things - it gets everyone talking and can identify ‘chatterboxes’ and ‘timid toads’ so you can look after their needs. It makes sure everyone has broken their silence and it also says drink is OK or not OK - someone will always prefer tea! It also serves as a reminder of people’s names for the rest of the course. By putting it on a sheet of A1 it can be kept from week to week and later columns used as a re-warm-up each week.

Group Rules/Guidelines - How we will work together - Do this as a small group exercise 3-4 per group with a sheet of A1, it gets them working together. They need to include -

• Time keeping - need to complete a minimum of 16 hours contact time, breaks are outside this so a prompt start will get us away on time.

• ‘Signing in’ - the register MUST be signed, this is your proof of attendance and a name

badge made each week.

• Attendance - if session 2 or 3 is missed (for a VERY good reason) it must be made up on the next course. The course must be done 1 – 2 – 3 and session 1 MUST be done first. The whole course must be completed within 3 months. A missed session will incur

10

a further payment of one third of the full fee for each session missed.

• (in RED) Being Alcohol Free and Not Impaired Through Drugs for the group. If we are concerned we will eject you from the group. You MAY be invited to attend the next course, but WILL have to pay again. If repeated you will be deemed to have breached the DfT/DVSA rules and a NoNC (Notice of Non-Completion) will be issued.

• (in Red) Homework - none are too difficult and are designed to reinforce learning and may save you money!

• (in RED) Confidentiality - we may share important personal details, we all need to feel it stays in the room, though general information about alcohol (on hand-outs or leaflets) can be spread as widely as possible.

• Respect for others; treat others as you would like to be treated.

• Permission to ‘not understand’ or ‘agree’, acquiescence is not essential, just participation

• Listen to each other and try to hear what is being said. Try not to interrupt each other.

• Phones off as much to protect each other's privacy as anything – do you really want to be on Face-book tonight?

Workbooks

Give out workbooks, too early and they can generate anxiety. Ask them to bring it with them to each week but don’t worry about rolling them up to put in their pocket. If they put their first name on it now they will know whose is whose later (not last name as they may leave it on the bus!!!) Please don't write notes on the back page as that will be taken off at the end – use the back of the first page.

Alcohol Knowledge Quiz (see annex B)

Give out the Alcohol Knowledge Quiz Q1 (Q2 is in the client workbook for week 3); watch out for reading / comprehension issues, and give assistance where required. Suggest that it's better to mark 'not sure' rather than guess. Emphasise - this is a test of the trainers not the group!

Sometimes it's better to read out the questions, other groups are fine to do their own thing.

Give the answers but dissuade discussion at this stage 'this is our agenda for the next three

weeks, so all will be revealed'.

1. a 2. d 3. c 4. a 5. b 6. d 7. d 8. b 9. d 10. d

11. d 12. c 13. a 14. c 15. a 16. c 17. b 18. b 19. a 20. c

Even if the questions change the answers will still be as above – watch handbooks for changes!

Collect them in making sure their first name is on them. Avoid discussion about ‘what is a good score – a low score etc.' it doesn’t matter; it’s what people learn that matters. See Added Value.

There is a space to put the ‘before’ score on the first inside page of the workbook - p2.

11

The Bar The bar is the most important and dynamic module of the course, it is a cornerstone. Take your time, an hour is about right. Before starting the bar pin up an ‘absorption' diagram on a piece of A1 flip-chart paper or laminate. (annex D) and have a flip chart or spare sheet alongside.

Set the drinks out using differing strengths of brown and red food colouring and mock ice cubes.

Large tumbler

Bitter glass

Small tumbler

Champagne flute

125ml

Large wine glass

Stella glass

Large wine glass

Medium wine glass

Tall tumbler

Get the group STANDING around the bar (unless disability prevents) with their workbooks – it’s never the same when they are sitting! Set out the drinks as above – keep the empty 125ml goblet, ½pt beer jug and measure near. Have the laminated 'bar' on the table while you work together with a 25ml and 35ml optic. If you have a drip mat keep it in front of you. Explain that what we are going to do first is to get these drinks in a line; Highest one end - lowest the other. “That’s the amount of pure alcohol, not the concentration i.e. the scotch is

more concentrated than the lager but which has most alcohol?” Explain what each drink is “this is a double 35ml vodka, this a pint of ordinary bitter/lager” but not the %abv or units/hours yet. Work your way along the line SLOWLY. Try and get an ‘owner’ for each, someone who drinks each one.

Don’t rush this, let it drift one way and then back, try and illicit a comment from every group member, which drink they might prefer? How we drink different things at different times, with different people or times of day.

Then get the group to say where they think each drink should go (it helps if you move them all towards the middle so there is room at each end) – place the HIGH and LOW cards on the table. Listen to their suggestions but ONLY MOVE THEM TO THEIR CORRECT POSITION so that you always end up with a perfect line-out. Low to high – 1hr – 1.5hr - 2hr - 3hr - 4hr. See that they end up as -

Single 25ml

spirit & ice

Single 35ml

spirit & mixer

Champagne flute

125ml x 12%

175ml x 12% white wine

Pint 3.5/4%

beer

250ml x 12%

rosé wine

Pint 5/5.5% lager

70ml spirit & ice

250ml x 16%

red wine

1 hour drink

2 x 1½ hour drinks 2 x 2 hour drinks 3 x 3 hour drinks 4 hour drink

Then say “that’s one x 1 hour drink, one x 1½ hour drink, two 2 hour drinks, a trio of

three hour drinks, and a four hour drink”. Place the number cards in front of each group. 1 x 1 hour 2 x 1½ hours 2 x 2 hours 3 x 3 hours 1 x 4 hour

1 1½ 4 3 2

12

Make sure there are spaces between the groups so the divisions are clear.

Introduce the calculator in the client handbook - – “down the left hand side is the % abv - alcohol by volume – the STRENGTH. Show a beer glass and explain that only 3.5% of the whole drink, the little bit at the bottom, is pure alcohol the rest is water, congeners and the stuff that makes it smell and taste. Show a spirit and say nearly half, 40% is pure alcohol and the rest is water, congeners and the stuff that makes it smell and taste.

– along the top is the SIZE. Where they meet are units = units are hours”. Remember the sequence - beer by the glass, wine by the glass, spirits by the glass, home pour. Beers Let’s start with beers by the glass. At 3½ to 4% they will be 2 units per pint (show the bitter), – one unit per hour = 2 hours. Find that on the calculator, check everyone has got it. But you need to add one hour to each drinking session to allow for absorption (show absorption diagram on A1 sheet or laminate – annex D). The fizziness of the drink [dotted line] will speed absorption, by a few minutes; food will slow absorption [solid line]. Whilst your alcohol level will be very similar, you may feel very different. A wedding is a good example; you chase off to the church for 11:00am – no breakfast! on to the reception for 1:00pm – still no food! When you get there you are given a glass of Champagne (1½u) – or two if you’re lucky! (3) – and you can really feel it! After the meal you have a Brandy (double 35ml = 3u) – same number of units - but it seems to have no effect! That’s because an empty stomach and bubbles make you more drunk – a full stomack and a flat drink don't seem to have the same effect. Emphasise - BAC (Blood Alcohol Concentration) very similar on each unit – but effect, how you feel – can be very different.

“How you FEEL is pretty useless in deciding if you should drive”.

Ask “who felt fairly OK when they drove?” many will say me.

Another thing to consider is that a male and female driver of the same weight would have different blood alcohol readings! The woman's could be at least 10% higher! (lower part of diagramme) 'the tall thin container represents the woman the short fat one, the man. Put 5

units in each and the woman’s BAC will be higher than the man’s. However they will both

process the alcohol at the same rate so will be alcohol free at the same time.

On the A1 paper beside the 'Absorption' diagramme, get them to work out the hours for every type of drink - always from the same time - 9pm. “So, if you have 3 pints of bitter starting at 9pm when will you be alcohol FREE?

2 units for each pint; 2, 4, 6 + 1 for absorption = 7 hours or 4am to be alcohol FREE. Remember! YOU DON’T HAVE TO BE OVER THE LIMIT TO BE CONVICTED – JUST

IMPAIRED! Most people are impaired whilst UNDER the limit - see Field Impairment Testing

Next Stella and alike (up to 5.5%abv) these are 3 units a pint, that’s a 3-hour pint.

LOW High

13

If you have 5 premium lagers starting at 9pm when will you be alcohol FREE? – don’t forget to add the hour for absorption so – 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 +1 = 16 hours or 1pm next day! Wines by the glass: Show there are only 3 sizes of wine 125ml – 175ml – 250ml.

175ml of 12%abv = 2 units standard red/white/rosé 250ml of 12%abv = 3 units large – though becoming standard 250ml of 16%abv = 4 units strong – more off licence/internet than pub or a 2hr, 3hr and 4hr drink. Check your local pub, what do they offer for a house wine? Do they know the strength? Bet they don’t! Ask them to find out! Show the small goblet, it holds 125ml (@9%) 1 unit – has to be available in all places that serve wine by the glass, by law! Now get THEM to work out when they can drive after each wine: “If you had 3 glasses of 250ml x 12% from 9pm when could you drive?”

3, 6, 9+1 = 10 hours is 7am “If you had 4 glasses of 250ml x 16% from 9pm when could you drive?”

4, 8, 12, 16 +1 = 17 hours is 2pm the next day

Ask them to become 'proactive' drinkers – say “I need to be on the road tomorrow at 6am, I'm

going out tonight at 9pm – HOW MANY UNITS CAN I SPEND?” Get them to decide how each of them would chose to spend that many units.

Finally – for now, ask if they would ever order ½ a pint of wine? Then pour the 250ml red into the ½ pint jug!!! Good finish! This is a good point to hand over to trainer 2 if you want to share the load? Spirits by the glass: there are only 4: 25ml single, 25ml double, 35ml single, 35ml double. Spirits are between 37% and 43% abv - calling them all 40% is near enough. Of the two measures – 25ml and 35ml. The 35ml is fast becoming the norm. Starting with the single 25ml (and Coke) even though it’s a long drink it’s 1 unit and takes 1

hour to process. A double is two units or 2 hours. It doesn’t matter whether it’s a straight Brandy, a Scotch with ice or a Bacardi with ice, lemon and a bucket full of Coke, or if it’s Vodka, Gin, or any other 25ml spirit – 37-43%abv = 1 unit = 1 hour. The ice or mixer will only effect how you FEEL not your BAC. As we’ve seen, the straight Brandy on a full stomach will be slow to absorb, food slows it further; ice - a bit better but the mixer is much better.

Spirit + mixer on an empty stomach will get you drunk faster!

The 35ml will be 1.5 units or 3 for a double.

Now we turn to bottles. 1] wine, 2] beers & RTDs (Ready-To-Drink), 3] spirits

Every container of drinkable alcohol MUST say how strong it is - % abv – and how large it is. Some say the number of ‘UK UNITS’ it contains = how many HOURS.

Wines are almost always 75cl or ¾ of a litre. A litre will be the same number of units (hours)

14

as it is % abv – a litre of 12% = 12 hours, 14% = 14 hours. Therefore 75cl of 12% will be 9 hours.

Beers by the bottle come in 3 groups: 1] small beers, 5-5.5% x 275-330ml and are between 1½ and 2 units/hours - Beck’s, Bud etc 2] large beers, 5-5.5% x 500-600ml are between 2½ and 3½ hours – Magners, Stella etc. and 3] RTD’s: 5-5.5% x 275-330ml and are between 1½ and 2 units/hours, Archers, Hooch, etc.

Hand some bottles out to the group, 2-3 people to a bottle; get them to say how many hours. It should be on the bottle anyway. Hold up the BIG Stella (66ml) and baby Stella (25ml), “which is more dangerous?” we will drink more little ones more quickly than the large one. The large one gets warm whereas the small ones are always cold out of the fridge or ice bucket. Remember - there are more DD convictions in June than December!

Spirits by the bottle: A 70cl bottle of spirit is, as near as matters, 30 units / hours, however the miniatures have 2 hours. A litre of 40% will be 40 hours.

Bottles (9)

0% x 330ml beer

4% x 330ml beer

5% 330ml

Alcopop

250ml Stella

660ml Stella

70cl x 40% spirit

75cl x 12% wine

75cl x 14% wine

75cl x 16% wine

0 units 1.3 units 1.6 units 1.3 units 3.6 units 30 units 6.75 units 10.5 units 12 units

The hours are a 'near enough' measure. Home pour – empty the large spirit and ice glass and ask someone to pour a spirit, encourage a good measure 'you deserve it!' Measure in 25ml units. Put 1 back and it looks like a wet glass!. Transfer to slim glass and it looks a little better.

Mark your calculator with your preferred drinks units = hours. Hand out some marker pens, they are much more effective than pens or pencils. Time for the group to sit down again.

Cans

There are two ways to do cans - long and short – it depends on the size of your group. 1) short version – for this you need 2 x 9%, 4 x 5.5%, 2 x 4%, 1 x 2%, 1 x 0% = 20 units. Most cans are 440ml though fast becoming 500ml so it may be better to only have them. There are broadly 5 levels – 9% (4u), 5.5% (2.5u), 4% (2u), 2% (1u) and 0% (0 units). 'We can discount the 0%, no one drinks it! and the 9% it's a different market! but the 5.5 and

4% are interesting'. 'If you had, let’s say 12 cans while watching a match the difference would

be 6 units (12x2.5=30 compared to 12x2u=24) the difference, next morning, of keeping or

losing your licence'. Put the cans into one group and ask 'if you saw these on the table when you called in to give

me a lift to work what would you think? A lot? A few? Too many!

15

Compare this with 2 bottles of wine or, ¾ of a bottle of spirit (what’s probably left after the ‘home pour’ exercise) Is there a SOCIAL difference in how you take your units? “If I drunk the cans would your view of me differently than if I had drunk the 2 bottles of wine,

or the spirit? WHY? It’s still 20 units”. We would all put them in a different order, worst to not

so bad. why? Give the 250ml x 16% glass of Red wine [4u], from the bar, to one of the women in the group and a can of Special Brew / Tennents to one of the older men – what messages are being given out?? Swap the drinks – what then?? be careful how you do this! 2) long version – for this you will need sufficient cans to make a kit of 80 units, a mix of 9%, 5.5%, 4%, 2% and 0%. Split the group into 3 (2 if less than 10 people), pour the cans on the floor and invite each group to collect enough cans to total 20 units BUT team 1 are to use as FEW cans as possible and team 2 as MANY. Team 3 just collect at random and see what happens. You should get 4/5 cans in group 1 and 15/20 in group 2 - if a group 3 - about 12. Simply put – know your units - count them up – add one for absorption - count them down.

– only drive alcohol FREE.

Drink Diaries

Ask the group to work out their number of units last week on the diary in the workbook. Acknowledge that 'this is a bit intrusive but the reason will become clear.' It’s easiest to start by entering the days of the week in the left hand column in reverse order - Friday - Thursday - Wednesday etc. then work out how many units you had each day putting the total at the bottom - 'this could be '0' or it may be in 3 digits. Enter 1 - 2 - 3 on the top of the A1 sheet. Then go round the group collecting last week’s number; put the week’s total in the top triangle - in one colour and the highest single day in the lower one, in another colour. This can sometimes uncover what could look an innocent 28 for the week's total to be a less healthy highest single day total of 28! Discuss the implications, are they surprised at the number? It can be used in gaining an understanding of our pattern of drinking, in taking control, consider if general alcohol consumption has risen since not driving and what that means for your return to the road.

Name Drink 1 2 3

Chris lager

Sam wine

The numbers in the left column (in one colour) are about your liver; those in the other column (in the other colour) are about your licence. If the right-hand column is in double figures then the next morning may be an issue. We will look at the relevance of the left-hand column later.

When all have entered a number - some will be 0. The group could enter a target for next week and put it in pencil in next week’s space, particularly week two. Add this as a starter to each session, 'how was your week?' did you hit your target? what were the issues? how was it, counting, what comments from friends/family?

45 11

28 4

16

Highest BAC readings - just out of interest!

Female 337 blood (80) 402 urine (107) 191 breath (35)

X 4 X 4 X5½

Male 380 blood (80) 429 urine (107) 268 breath (35)

X 4¾ X 4 X 7½

Highest Drink Diary readings (wk1) - again, just out of interest

Female 226 units Male 336 units

Sensible, Safe and Legal

Now you have an idea how much you drink is that too much, about average, or way less than other people. How is it considered by those who purport to know? Don’t rush this exercise – a good 30 minutes is needed.

Relevance of ‘sensible’, ‘safe’ and ‘legal’, drinking levels.

sensible safe legal

“What sort of numbers have you heard that 'they' say is OK

to drink a week – units?”

Enter what is offered – they will probably range from

14 - 36

As even a little alcohol will affect your driving the best

answer is ZERO

It is imposable to relate the drink drive limit with a given

alcohol reading, therefore again it must be ZERO

Health Promotion lobby talk of - ‘Sensible’, 14 and 21 units per week, with a couple of ‘free’ days, though have now changed this to 2/3 a day for women and 3/4 a day for men, which makes 21 and 28 a week! Unless you have couple of ‘free’ days!

Give out the DrinkAware unit calculator wheels. Get everyone to point the arrow, on the left, to the same drink and consider units in the box on the right, also the calories! Try a couple of different drinks.

High Risk Offender (use Client Workbook for full information)

This means clients won't get their licence back automatically - they will need a medical which consists of a questionnaire (on our website) about their drinking lifestyle and a blood test to investigate their - The test is: Carbohydrate Deficient Transferrin (CDT) and looks at how their liver is coping with their alcohol consumption. It is a long term view – 3 to 6 months. Now they could (Option2) go and see their GP and get some preliminary tests done (Gamma GT, AST

and MCV) 'liver function tests' they are called for short – GP may not be able to do CDT. Say “But DON'T mention the word LICENCE or it could cost you, say you are on a DDE course, they

say I'm drinking rather a lot, please will you check”. That's health – that's free! When they go to see the DVLA doctor the medical will cost £90-£120 (Jan 15).

Criminal Record Drink Driving IS a criminal offence, not 'motoring'. It has implications for work and travel particularly to the USA, Australia and Canada - see our website for latest information. It is covered by the Rehabilitation of Offenders Act (ROA) which is also on our website; it says when you have to declare it and when you don't. If you don't declare it, say in a job application, that is exempt from the ROA, you are committing an even more serious offence of

17

'Obtaining a Pecuniary Advantage by Deception'. It will stay on your licence for 11 years from conviction, and valid in respect of a re-offence for 10 years. The 10 years is from conviction (the exact time and date) to commission (exact time and date) of the new offence. If they re-offend in that time they will be a HRO.

‘s42’ Applications for early return of licence

In some circumstances it is possible to have a long ban lifted early. It applies to any ban not just those gained through drink/drug driving. It applies to bans over 24 months (after the reduction) but may not be viable since the changes in the Act in June 2013 where drivers have to have had their medical AND received their licence before they can drive. An application to court costs £200 and may not bring any reduction! See more information on our website.

Offence Codes

DR10 to DR61 must stay on a driving record for 11 years from the date of the conviction.

Code Offence points

DR10 Driving or attempting to drive with alcohol level above limit 3 to 11

DR20 Driving or attempting to drive while unfit through drink 3 to 11

DR30 Driving or attempting to drive then failing to supply a specimen for analysis 3 to 11

DR31 Driving or attempting to drive then refusing to give permission for analysis of a

blood sample that was taken without consent due to incapacity 3 to 11

DR61

Refusing to give permission for analysis of a blood sample that was taken

without consent due to incapacity in circumstances other than driving or

attempting to drive

10

Codes DR40 to DR70 must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence.

Code Offence points

DR40 In charge of a vehicle while alcohol level above limit 10

DR50 In charge of a vehicle while unfit through drink 10

DR60 Failure to provide a specimen for analysis in circumstances other than driving or

attempting to drive 10

DR70 Failing to provide specimen for breath test 4

Drugs These codes must stay on a driving record for 11 years from the date of the conviction.

Code Offence points

DG10 Driving or attempting to drive with drug level above the specified limit 3 to 11

DG60 Causing death by careless driving with drug level above the limit 3 to 11

DR80 Driving or attempting to drive when unfit through drugs 3 to 11

These codes must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence or 4 years

from date of conviction where a disqualification is imposed.

Code Offence points

DG40 In charge of a vehicle while drug level above specified limit 10

DR90 In charge of a vehicle when unfit through drugs 10

18

What's a 'Road'? Beware, there are other traps – In s192 of the Road Traffic Act 1988 the general interpretation of ‘road or other public place’ is defined as meaning 'any highway and any other road to which

the public has access', which is more extensive than the Vehicles Excise Act 1971 which says that a ‘public road’ is one repaired at public expense. Therefore a track, a bridleway, pub car park or piece of wasteland on an industrial estate, for instance, would be included. In short it’s access not ownership. These endorsement stay on your licence for -

11 years for offences relating to drinking/drugs and driving, causing death by careless driving whilst under the influence of drink/drugs and causing death by careless driving then failing to provide a specimen for analysis.

4 years for reckless/dangerous driving, offences resulting in disqualification and for being disqualified from holding a driving licence until a driving test has been taken, and in all other cases.

Homework week one -

1) Drink Diary - “Please keep your drink diary from when you leave here and bring it next

week. I don't want to hear – “it's about ***, I'd rather hear its 28.645!”

2) ABC “Storyboards” (see client Workbook) This worksheet is filled in between the first and second session.

Those whose first language is not English, or who have other reading/writing difficulties can therefore get help from home. Individuals will take the group through what happened to each of them, in turn, in the following weeks.

Tell the group that they will NOT be collected in or seen by the trainers. They are partly healing and partly a crib sheet to help people tell their story. One half will present their story in week two and the other half the week after – they will have 5/10 minutes each. Some people write novels! Some will barely glance at it before they tell their story. It is another 'cornerstone' of the course.

The reason they are called “ABC” is - A - the Antecedence, what was going on in their life around the time of the offence, what led up to the offence. B - the offence (Behaviour) and what really happened and C - the Consequences, how it has, or could have, impacted on their life, those close to them and society in general The ‘storyboard’ name is because it basically tells a story. They can fill it in if it would help, but at least read it through before next week. They can get quite emotional – sometimes it’s the first opportunity people have had to talk honestly, as they feel safe in the group. The other participants are often incredibly supportive and this helps each person accept responsibility for their own actions.

3) Insurance quotes. (see sheet in workbook) Take time to explain this. Emphasise - 'this is not rubbing salt in the wound but will prove to be

positive when we look at it in session 2'.

The top part has numbers to try – PLEASE USE THESE FOR THE EXCERSISE you can use your

19

own on another occasion. The boxes at the bottom are for your replies.

a) What did they paid last time they renewed their policy and what was the 'excess'

b) How much do they want to pay now? What is their target? don't make this too high, it's their starting bid in a game of haggle!

c) get 2 new quotes from the list in the workbook and bring them next week.

It’s very important to log the NAME, TIME and DATE of the call; if your experience is unsatisfactory we need to get back to them and give them a rocket! or take them off the list!

Advise that insurance is void the moment the licence is revoked.

Only the registered keeper can insure the vehicle.

The vehicle MUST be insured to be on the road, otherwise it must be SORN

Recap (see annex E) before you go 10q on today’s work, don’t rush this – take your time. This is a group exercise but ensure EVERYONE knows the answers, do this as a ‘tail ender’ each week.

That's week one! Advise the office of any DNAs - best done at lunchtime if you can and if it's not a Saturday, then we can get a letter out to them the same day. Keep A1 sheet with Drink Diaries on and 'group rules' for next week.

20

Week 2

Equipment (for week 2)

Running Order sheet – do this if there are 2 trainers A1 flipchart paper pens, marker pens, Blu Tack labels - on a roll work better than sheets signs – in case someone is doing wk2 or 3 and not the week before. dde, arrows, welcome, too late! your Trainer name badge cups - polystyrene are easier than china mugs - people can put their initials on it and use it all day, spoons, tea, coffee, milk, sugar, soft drinks, biscuits, tea towel.

Start with Drink Diaries from last week, 'how was your week? Did you talk to anyone about last

week? what was their reaction? How was it - counting? - odd thing to do?' Take your time over this, let everyone speak and take time to get back into the groove.

Name Drink Week 1 Week 2 Week 3

Chris lager

Sam wine

Do each column in the same colour as last week.

Insurance

Make a grid on A1 paper -

Name worst quote best quote who

Chris £1,123 £720 A-Plan

Sam £440 £324 Martin Kemp

Go round the group collecting their quotes.

Emphasise - this is not rubbing salt in the wound but is meant to prove it won't be as bad as they may be expecting - we don't want people driving without insurance for fear of what it might cost! Save this sheet for next week so you can pick-up on those who still need to do it - don't panic if they don't - it's their lost!

Any bad calls let the office know – name of contact – company – date – time – and name of client.

45 11

40

28 4

28

40

7

21

Effects of using alcohol and Drugs

PIES - Physical - Intellectual / Emotional - Social aspects of alcohol & drugs. Split the group into 3 teams and ask them to draw/write, on a piece of A1, all that they would expect to happen to their body if they use too much alcohol/drugs. One team could look at Physical, one Intellectual/Emotional and one Social. As they present their lists add from the information below – even writing on the sheets.

What are the effects of alcohol over a long period of time?

If you are healthy and have good health habits and a good diet, sensible drinking should not harm you. It may even be helpful to middle-aged men and women, as medical research has shown that small amounts of alcohol taken regularly by people of that age can reduce the risk of heart disease. It can also add to the quality of your life and relieve stress. People who drink too much, or at the wrong time, especially if they do this a lot, take many risks. As well as harming themselves, they could harm other people. Their health and work might also suffer and several organs in the body could be damaged. Their appearance can also change. Alcohol is high in calories and drinking a lot can lead to weight gain as the extra calories are stored as fat. Alcohol causes the skin to redden and, with prolonged drinking, this leads to the small blood vessels in the skin breaking, leaving a permanently mottled appearance.

The liver Alcohol in the blood can kill some of the liver cells. Light drinking lets the tissue that has been damaged repair itself, so permanent harm is unlikely. Heavy drinking over a long period of time kills cells. The liver then stops working efficiently. This liver disease is known as cirrhosis and it can be fatal. The stomach Many heavy drinkers have an upset stomach a lot of the time. This is known as gastritis. These people may then eat poorly and suffer from a lack of vitamins in the body. A lack of vitamin B caused by a poor diet can lead to serious mental disturbance. The brain One permanent effect of prolonged heavy drinking is to kill brain cells which can never be replaced. The heart Heavy drinking over a long time can also weaken the action of the heart muscles and eventually, when the heart is no longer able to pump the blood round the body, can lead to heart failure. The circulatory system Heavy drinking can raise blood pressure and increase the risk of certain forms of stroke. In addition, alcoholic drinks contain calories – for example, a pint of lager can contain 180 calories and a glass of wine 100 calories – so frequent heavy drinking can lead to a weight problem. The oesophagus, larynx, pharynx and mouth

Some studies have indicated that long-term heavy drinking, especially when combined with smoking, can increase the risk of cancers of the oesophagus, larynx, pharynx and mouth.

Stick up the sheets and get a member of that group to feed back.

This can be a low point in the proceedings - but some people need to hear the truth!

22

Short term (days) Medium term (weeks/months) Long term (years)

Physical

Accidents Alcohol poisoning Blood shot eyes Blurred vision Broken bones Dehydration Diarrhoea Falls, Fights ,Bruising Feel less Pain Headache Loss of balance Narrowing in field of vision Vomiting

Anaemia Blackouts Drop in sperm count Foetal alcohol syndrome Heart burn High blood pressure Indigestion Jaundice Palpitations Physical dependence Vitamin deficiency

Back pain Blindness Cirrhosis Fatty liver Fits Gout Heart failure Impotence Infertility Mouth/throat cancer Pancreatitis Peripheral neuropathy (pins & needles in feet and hands)

Intellectual

Confidentiality compromised Difficulty recollecting recent past Poor concentration

Short term memory loss Hallucinations Inertia Inability to concentrate Insomnia

Dementia Epilepsy Psychological dependence Brain damage

Emotional

Become more emotional Embarrassment Restlessness

Anxiety Depression Loss of appetite Mood swings Jealousy

Chronic anxiety Intense emotions Morbid jealousy Paranoia Suicidal feelings

Social

Loss of driving licence Loss of inhibitions (who me!? I did what!?) Say things it might have been better not to have said Unprotected sex Unwanted pregnancy

Impaired sexual performance Lessening of invitations Money problems Only mix with drinkers People avoid you Social dependence Work Problems

Divorce Job loss Incontinence Loss of sex drive Loneliness Loss of self respect Prison Social isolation

Drug Driving

Drug driving is an increasing problem with cannabis being the most common. The changes brought in in March 2015 create a new offence of Drug Driving which involves the main (illegal) drug groups. A roadside saliva test will be followed up at the police station, or any other place (hospital perhaps) with blood tests. The limits for illegal drugs are VERY low, medicinal drugs are more lenient. Over the years we have increased the drug component in our course at no cost to the alcohol content. Cannabis users are the largest group on our roads but many of them also drink. Since the course should not be 'therapeutic' (although it can act as a conduit to appropriate resources) the participants - and society - gain benefit from the course in both aspects.

Changes to Drug Driving Law from March 2015

Drug drive law has changed to make it easier for the police to detect and prosecute drug drivers. A new offence of driving with certain controlled drugs above specified limits came into force in March 2015. These new rules mean it is an offence to be over the specified limits for

23

each drug whilst driving or attempting to drive, as it is with drink driving. The new offence will work alongside the existing offence of 'driving whilst impaired through drink or drugs'. Drugs covered by the new rules include cannabis, cocaine, ecstasy and ketamine. The limits for illegal drugs are extremely low!

Crime and Courts Act 2013 (excerpt) (4) In Part 1 of Schedule 2 to the Road Traffic Offenders Act 1988

Provision / offence General nature of offence Mode of prosecution

Punishment Disqualification Endorsement Penalty points

RTA section 5A(1)

(a) and (2)

Driving or attempting to drive with

concentration of specified controlled drug above specified limit. (see

below)

Summarily

On conviction in England and Wales: 52 weeks or level 5 on the standard scale or both. On

conviction in Scotland: 6 months or level 5 on the standard scale

or both.

Obligatory

Obligatory

3-11

RTA section 5A(1)

(b) and (2)

Being in charge of a motor vehicle with

concentration of specified controlled drug above

specified limit.

Summarily

On conviction in England and Wales: 52 weeks or level 4 on the standard scale or both. On

conviction in Scotland: 3 months or level 4 on the standard scale

or both.

Discretionary

Obligatory

10

“The (saliva) drug detection devices will only be used as preliminary screening devices which will help the police to assess whether a driver’s condition might be due to presence of drugs” DfT March 2014. A blood test will be needed for conviction. Drug Detection Times (permitted level - micrograms per litre of blood) these are VERY small.

1. Benzoylecgonine, (50 µg/L), Cocaine, (10 µg/L) These are grouped together because benzoylecgonine is a

cocaine metabolite that stays in the system slightly longer than the cocaine itself. In saliva for between 2-5 days after use.

2. Delta–9–Tetrahydrocannabinol (Cannabis and Cannabinol), (2 µg/L) A 2-microgram limit for THC is extremely low. Marijuana use can be detected in the saliva for up to 24 hours after exposure. But it’s worth noting that it lasts much,

much longer in the urine and blood. Habitual heavy users can test positive after as much as a month without the drug, as it is stored in body fat and re-released into the bloodstream when the fat is burned.

3 Ketamine, (20 µg/L) It’s difficult to find information on how long Ketamine lasts in the system. It’s detectable in urine

for up to 2 weeks, but seems to last only around 3 days in the saliva.

4 Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD), (1 µg/L) LSD can be detected in saliva for 1-2 days after use.

5 Methylamphetamine - (10 µg/L) Methamphetamine can be detected in the saliva for 1-3 days after use.

It’s noted in public consultation that certain types of amphetamines are used in the medical treatment of ADHD and other conditions. It’s unclear at this stage (June 2014) what provisions can/will be made for legal amphetamine users.

6. Methylenedioxymethaphetamine (MDMA – Ecstasy), (10 µg/L) MDMA may be detectable in the saliva for as

much as 1-5 days after use.

7. Monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM – Heroin and Morphine), (5 µg/L) Heroin and morphine can be detected in the saliva for as much as 1-2 days after use.

With the illicit drugs (above) it’s easier to provide estimates on safe windows of usage because the tests are looking for concentrations barely above trace levels. Unfortunately it’s much harder to provide an estimate of how much Valium or

Temazepam will put you over the limit, because body physiology varies so greatly. We can only recommend users of these drugs consult with their doctors about what might constitute safe usage and if you’re feeling any kind of effect from one

of these drugs, stay off the road. "These are very, very low limits," said Geoff Munro, National Policy Manager "Take cocaine for example - 10 micrograms ls absolutely tiny”. Some drugs are detectable long after their impairment has worn off, this is a major change in drug

management by government.

DDE’s view is simple, use or drive, drive or use, you can’t do both because the limits are SO low.

24

Field Impairment Testing

FIT will still be a used so it's a useful filler. Use the card to ascertain the level of impairment, or not, in volunteers in the group. A longer explanation is available in Annex J. There is also a pair of 'Beer Goggles' in the office.

Social Spectrum of drinking

Who drinks what - ‘where do I fit?’ Where, when and why we drink alcohol, what pushes that up or down - life events. KSIs – 'Killed and Seriously Injured' Road Death and Crash Statistics. (we don’t use ‘accident’) latest figures are: (Sept 2013) 24,360 killed or seriously injured. 290 of whom alcohol was involved. Self-reporting remains stable with almost 6% of drivers admitting they have driven over the limit in the past year.

Some of the positive effects of alcohol, from a social perspective are employment. Enormous number of people are employed in the alcohol field, making, transporting, selling and clearing up the mess afterwards!

ABC Storyboards (see Client Workbook for full information) Do some storyboards – prime someone in the break to go first, someone who will not minimise it e.g. finish it in 3 minutes, but also won't go on forever. They need to set the tone. An AA attendee is usually used to sharing and tends to gets the tone right. You need to do half this week and half next. This is ideally a group exercise, try to sit out and let them ask questions and keep the sharing going. The ground rule is: anyone can ask anything but the person can decline to answer!

Tolerance and Inhibition

Make a grid on the A1 sheet, 3 columns by 6 rows and enter headings. Ask the group - 'how

were you when you had your first drink', what was the effect?' enter their answers as below.

Units effects official term

1 - 3 happy, relaxed, warm & fuzzy, friendly, cuddly Jocose - happy, jocular

4 – 10 over assertive, pushy, bolshie Bellicose - a pain in the butt

11 – 20 emotional, sleepy, amorous, narrowed vision Lachrymose - tearful

21 – 30 aggressive, argumentative, bossy, unsteady Comatose - collapsed

31+ collapsed, fighting, impaired vision 'de-compose' - death! - made up!

Then cut the left hand column off so you can move it up and down while you ask each person to indicate how many units do they need now to get to the same place? how many to get to the shaded row? how much does that cost now? Are they happy with that? Have they noticed how quickly it drops if you have a rest from alcohol for a while, illness perhaps? how quickly it returns.

Elimination Rates - (see annex E)

Start this exercise after lunch with the laminated roll spread across the room. Make sure everyone is on the same page, see appendix D, and work down the sheet s l o w l y so everyone is on board. Keep checking!

25

Get the group to work out the numbers – at 6pm you have either 2 Stellas or 2 x 250ml x 12%

wines or 2 double G&Ts – How many units? – How many hours? = 6. Assuming you had none to start with you will have 6 in column E. Do the same for the 7pm row, but column D will have lost one for hour that has passed since column E was filled so will leave 5 in the 'bank' to add to the new 6 = 11 – and so on. The home pour whisky can be assumed to be at least 4 units (refer back to the Bar exercise last week). You go to bed at midnight having consumed 22 units – is that a lot? or just an average evening! Count down while you sleep, 18, 17, …...11, 10. You get up, should you drive to work? But you feel fine! What would your BAC be? - no idea! List on a new A1 sheet as many myths as the group can – ask – “What might change my alcohol level at this time?” list them first and then dispel them – there may be many more! The word ‘change’ is key – it’s not reduce or heighten it’s either! Meds: Alka-Seltzer, Renies, vitamins etc. – may mitigate the effects but won't lower reading Bananas – to replace the potassium the alcohol has destroyed Blood transfusion – will actually work but impractical! Coffee, Red Bull etc. may boost your energy but that's all Copper coin – total myth, no cooper in decimal coinage since 1973, you would have to suck the coin for 2 years anyway! and it would never have worked on a digital device! Exercise – swim, jog, gym sex etc. Flat Coke – replaces some of the lost minerals and salts Food – may slow absorption but it's too late now Hair-of-the-dog – would put it UP Oxygen – sounds good but a waste of time Vomit – too late, needs to be in the first 10 minutes! Sleep – only in as much as TIME passes Water – rehydrates you which is good, best thing to avoid a hangover!

See for details http://alcoholism.about.com/od/hangovers/a/cures.htm

Only TIME will help! Returning to the laminate work sheet on the floor, at what time will you be alcohol FREE and FIT to drive? = 7pm. What effect would a couple at lunchtime have made - what would 2 Stellas do to that 7pm? = 1am. It's not difficult to drink 24 units in 24 hours, over that they mount up to be processed some time later. Homework for Week 2

Drink Diaries - Insurance if not done this week - Storyboards if not done this week Recap (see annex F) before you go - 10q on today’s work – group exercise but ensure EVERYONE knows the answers. Advise the office of any DNAs - best done at lunchtime if you can and if it's not a Saturday.

26

The Journey [optional exercise] (see annex G – photocopy as you need them) – do in threes, One of you is going to take an elderly or very young relative from Reading to Leeds, a 200 mile trip. First decide who is taking the person - the driver, whose relative it is and who is the 'observer'. What things do you need to consider? These are the sort of things that come up -

the driver the journey the vehicle

age - experience licence – convictions – for what? history of accidents - endorsements fitness – health – eyesight alcohol – in last 24hrs – drugs: legal, illegal and OTC mobile phone – is it charged? additional training – advanced driver enhanced CRB check if passenger is <16

map / SatNav weather conditions shovel, blanket, umbrella, day/night, winter/summer motorway – A roads breaks: how many, where

regularly serviced MOT breakdown cover child seat first aid kit oil, water and tyres checked insurance tapes / CD

When doing the feedback get each group to feed back one bit each so that the first group don't grab all the best bits. The point of it is that we often don't PLAN we just go off and hope for the best. These are the questions we might like to ask, but would we?

OK for You - OK for Me [optional] (see annex H – photocopy as many as you need)

What do others think of our drinking? - OK for me work sheet; what is OK for me may not be for others around me; fill in 'for me' and discuss the sort of responses you give yourself. Then take it home and see if ‘other’ agrees. Write the 'other's name on it. You could do one for your life partner AND one for your drinking partner – are they different?

Theory test [optional] (under reconstruction) (Annex H2

27

Week 3

Equipment (for week 3)

Running Order sheet - only if 2 trainers A1 flipchart paper pens, marker pens, Blu Tack labels - on a roll work better than sheets signs - dde, arrows, welcome, too late! your Trainer name badge cups - polystyrene are easier than china mugs - people can put their initials on it and use it all day, spoons, tea, coffee, milk, sugar, soft drinks, biscuits, tea towel.

Start with Drink Diaries from last week, 'how was your week? Did you talk to anyone about last

week? what was their reaction? How was it - counting? - odd thing to do?' Take your time over this, let everyone speak and take time to get back into the groove. Ask for next week’s target – enter 'Week 4'

Insurance

Pick up on stragglers. This exercise is for them, if anyone doesn't do it it's their loss.

ABC Storyboards

Finish off the other half before lunch - you could just work down the list on the A1 sheet.

Dependence We can be dependent - addicted if you prefer - to many things. List them on an A1 sheet as the group calls them out - drugs, food, work, sex, pain, chocolate, alcohol, power, the list is endless . . . . . . Sometimes we want to move away from these things, or one in particular, but how does change happen? We used to think it was a straight line: see an issue - decide to change – change; but it isn’t like that for most people, it's more of a circle

Process of Change See illustration in Client Handbook (annex K). We used to think change was a straight line; think about it - decide to change – do it! But two American physiologists suggested it was more like a circle and most of the time we go round and round – smoking and diets are the two most common illustrations of this. Take the group round the 'Process of Change' explaining each quadrant – (view with the diagram) You start outside the process (Pre-Contemplation) never thinking about change or the possibility of it (people don't come on courses from this position) Something moves you into the process (Contemplation) – different things for different issues, with diet it might be weight gain - can't get into those jeans you love. With smoking it might be a new 'best friend' who doesn’t like it. With alcohol, worrying blood test results. With Drink Driving – a conviction! loss of mobility or independence, job or relationships – they tend to be loses!

28

In Determination we make plans, goals and begin to see possible benefits. We also have the option NOT to change of course! We may get some kudos for making the effort, support from friends can be crucial. Next comes Maintenance – here we change lifestyle a little, with diet have the chips OR the apple crumble but not both. With Drink Drive we carry on some of the strategies we learnt when off the road, bus timetables, where the bike is and how to ride it – you get the idea. Action sees plans put into practice, we DO IT, whatever IT is. We begin to reap some of the benefits, feel better, money less stretched perhaps, less grief at home! Bigger wardrobe to chose from! Lapse is often ignored, it's too frightening, we don't want to think about it. This is the wrong strategy, we need to embrace the possibility of it and work to minimise its effects. In particular we need to identify the things that prevent or slow change. This leads into High Risk Situations. (Annex F) Risk - how, when, why we take risk. Split the group into 3, a sheet of A1 each. Ask them to try and identify which of them is the bigger RISK TAKER and how do they fulfil the need - is alcohol / drugs involved – e.g. drink driving IF THEY ARE NOT GOING TO DO THIS IN FUTURE, HOW ARE THEY GOING TO MEET THIS NEED FOR RISK - IT WON'T GO AWAY!

High Risk Situations Card Game - (see annex I) Split the group into 3/4 and give each group a sheet of A1. Shuffle and then give out the Risk Cards one to each group and ask them to come up with 3 or 4 ways of dealing with the situation. When they have done one, give them another card. When all cards are done stick the sheets up and go through them tackling them in numerical order.

Try to get them to take time, they can be apt to rush it – it really needs 45 minutes.

Last Lap!

Resources - where next? just let them know they are not alone, there is lots of help out there if they feel the need. dde is there for them until they are back on the road. AKQ - knowledge questionnaire again. Collate Q1s while they are doing Q2 so you can hand them out in the right order for then to transpose the totals to each Q and hand Q1 back to you, they then keep Q2, both have the before and after scores on them.

What happens next – get D1 [or D2 for LGV or PSV] from a post Office, (though may be available as a download from DVLA website soon) 2 months before 'drive date' or 3 months for HRO, LGV or LSV - may be able to download them from DVLA website now! Certificate of Completion – These are usually issued within a week of the office receiving the register etc. back from the trainer. We send it to the client for them to keep (frame?!). A copy of this may be requested by some of

29

the Insurance Companies as evidence of attendance, if they call the office we can fax or email it to them. Notification goes to the Sentencing Court (used to be the Supervising Court; where they live, not necessarily where they were sentenced but since 1st June2013 there is no differentiation) to update their records. The Court then notify the DVLA. Despite our pleas, it is still not possible for us to notify DVLA direct, it has to come from the Court! Certificates are completed with the current details we hold on our database. This will have come originally from the Court and may be illegible, old or just plain wrong(!). Any updates provided by clients are done on the day of notification so it obviously makes sense for them to keep us up to date – especially if their name, address or date of birth is wrong! They should be asked to write new addresses on the reverse if applicable. The D1 form, or D2 for LGV or PSV, is obtained from the Post Office or DVLA website. The form + £££ should be sent off at least 8 weeks before the drive-again date (normally 2 months after the ‘completion date’ provided by the Court but this can also be wrong, particularly if there was an interim disqualification!). In the case of HROs, allow 3 months to give time for the medical as well. When DVLA receive the application, they will send the client details of who to contact to arrange the medical – and pay about £100. If anyone is still in doubt about anything, do suggest they contact the office for confirmation – we can normally explain or clarify any peculiarities!

Course evaluation – don't let them rush this - we need good data, and it’s really helpful to have email addresses for clients, where available. Collect them in.

Goodbye!

Advise the office of any DNAs - best done at lunchtime if you can and if it's not a Saturday, then we can get a letter out to them the same day. Send the register, evaluations, Q1s (we no longer require the Drink Diary sheets) and your invoice plus expenses receipts, to the office: dde, PO Box 4773, Henley-on-Thames, RG9 9ER

Run Order I have canvassed most trainers as to the order in which we do things and it would be fair to say that there is no consensus, PARTICUARLY WITH REGARD to PIES – session 1 or 2? THEREFORE WE WILL DO IT AS OVERLEAF. It is important that we are consistent as someone could conceivably do session one on one course, session 2 on another and 3 on yet another.

30

Run Order Annex A

Mark who is doing which element before you start (week 1 only unless large group) 3 Session - 9:00, 10:00 or 11:00 start (16 hours) who

09:00 10:00 11:00 Introduction. Welcome! 1. We acknowledge you don't want to be here . . . . . . . 2. dde is a not-for-profit, drug and alcohol road safety training

organisation under contract to the Driving Standards Agency 3. Our aim is to get you back on the road quicker, safer and better

informed. This is not meant to be part of the punishment. 4. I'm from . . . . . . background – professional – not ‘married’ etc. 5. Domestics - Fire, smoking, breaks, toilets, phones.

Over to No.2

09:10 10:10 11:00 Ice breaker ask the group ‘to talk to the person next to you, finding out their first name (or what they want to be known as) and preferred drink’; after 5 minutes, introduce the person to the group.

09:30 10:30 11:30 Group rules group exercise to form their rules - time keeping / attendance (16 hours), alcohol free & not impaired by drugs, phones, respect for others’ rights, honesty, confidentiality, homework, don’t have to - agree, understand but must take part. Sign in. Course No. on sheet

10:00 11:00

12:00 Give out handbooks – explain with care, First name only!

AKQ give brief answers – collect in – check name on each

10:30 11:30 12:30 BREAK 10:40 11:40 12:40 The Bar: line out the mock drinks, beers, wine, spirits,

pouring spirits at home

Cans. Social appearance of alcohol: cans - wine - spirit - all same units

12:00 01:00 02:00 LUNCH BREAK 12:30 01:30 02:30 Drink diaries - do ‘guestimate’ for last week. Share with the group –

explain purpose of doing so.

01:20 02:20 03:20 Sensible - safe - legal levels of drinking. Drinkaware wheel 21 a week - (2/3/4 a day?) - 28 a week zero no one knows!

01:45 02:45 03:45 BREAK 02:00 03:00 04:00 ‘High Risk Offenders’ - Criminal Record - Travel abroad - s42

02:45 03:45 04:45 Homework - A) drink diary - keep from today - B) ABC story board - explain the purpose. - C) get 2 insurance quotes - for week 2. - enter 'Target' price on Insurance sheet

03:15 04:15 05:15 Recap 10 Q and Goodbye!

31

Session 2 of 3 who

09:00 10:00 11:00 Welcome back - re-warm up, reflecting on last week Drink Diaries - how was your week? how accurate was your guestimate of last week?

09:30 10:30 11:30 Insurance quotes - Worst - Best – who? - how good was your target?

10:15 11:15 12:15 BREAK prep someone to do the first storyboard 10:30 11:30 12:30 PIES - Physical – Intellectual / Emotional - Social

3 groups – harm v benefits to society, person the journey through the body, 3 groups list what happens - good and bad, long and short term - what slows it, speeds it + drugs.

11:15 12:15 01:15 ABC storyboards do half today - prime someone in the break.

11:40 12:40 01:40 Tolerance- effect as intake increases - intoxication - jocose, bellicose, lachrymose, comatose, death (decompose!)

12:00 01:00 02:00 LUNCH BREAK 12:30 01:30 02:30 Excretion - paper roll exercise

Myths – list and explain

01:15 02:15 03:30 ABC storyboards

01:45 02:45 03:45 BREAK 02:00 03:00 04:00 ABC storyboards

If needed - 20min

Driving skill quiz - optional

If needed - 15min

Is It OK – get group to fill them in for next week - optional

03:00 04:00 05:00 Homework - drink diaries - insurance quotes - if not done

03:15 04:15 05:15 Recap 10Q

03:30 04:30 05:30 Goodbye

32

Session 3 of 3 who

09:00 10:00 11:00 Welcome back- re-warm up - drink diaries - how was your week? - recap on outstanding insurance quotes What will your diary look like next week? Feedback from Is It OK – if done last week

09:20 10:20 11:20 ABC storyboards

10:15 11:15 12:15 BREAK 10:30

11:30

12:30

ABC storyboards - get them all done before lunch

12:00 01:00 02:00 LUNCH BREAK 12:30

01:30

02:30

Risk - who is the greater risk taker in the group?

12:45

01:45

02:45 Process of Change – how change happens

01:15 02:15 03:15 High Risk Situation Card Game 3 teams, 3 situations each – come up with strategies – share with the group

02:00 03:00 04:00 BREAK 02:15

03:15

04:15

AKQ again

02:30 03:30 04:30 Resources – what/where next? call the office - internet

02:45 03:45 04:45 Forms for licence application – D1, D2, Certs

If needed - 30min

What will you take away from your 3 days? 15 minute exercise in 3s – then share with main group – 15min

03:00 04:00 05:00 Course evaluation

03:30 04:30 05:30 Goodbye

33

34

only move to correct position - Unit = Hour

calculator - try a 4% pint, 250ml wine

absorption pic - food - fizz +1 hour

how you feel v BAC wedding?

pints from 9pm

wines from 9pm

wine - spirit - beer bottles

home pour

½ pint wine - jug

circle your drinks on your calc

35

Absorption Annex D

add 1 hour for absorption

± 10-15 min

Peak alcohol level (BAC)

a FIZZY drink on an empty stomach will get you to your peak alcohol level (BAC) quicker than a – FLAT drink on a FULL stomach, your alcohol level will be very similar, but how you feel may be very different.

a females alcohol level will be at least 10% higher than a male of the same weight, for the same drink

female male 5 units alcohol level

5 units

however both will process alcohol at 1 unit per hour

so both will be alcohol FREE at the same time

36

NONE

less 1 each hour

6

add an hour for absorption

Elimination Rates 1 Unit per hour (good for 95% of the population) Annex E Ask a volunteer to take us on an evening’s drinking, moving forward each hour while the group does the calculations, stopping at 8am to consider the implications of driving to work, and what might happen if we ‘topped up’ at lunch time, or on the way home after work?

Take the units consumed in column B and enter this in C, and add it to D, this will give the total (E) each hour. Remove 1 unit per hour from E.

A B C D E

Time Drink(s) units units Total in drinks in body units now in column B (less 1 per hr)

8.00 pm 2 pints Stella (5.2% abv) or 2 x 250ml x 12% wine + = or 2 double 35ml G&Ts

9.00 pm 2 pint Stella (5.2% abv)

or 2 x 250ml x 12% wine + = 11

or 2 double 35ml G&Ts

10.00 pm 2 pints Stella (5.2% abv)

or 2 x 250ml x 12% wine + = 16

or 2 double 35ml G&Ts

11.00 pm goes home and has

a home pour whisky + + = = 19

12.00 you go to bed . . . . 18 1.00 am (22 units over the evening) 17

2.00 am 16

3.00 am 15

4.00 am 14

5.00 am 13

6.00 am 12

7.00 am you get up, what will affect your alcohol level? 11

8.00 am off to work . . . 10

Are you fit to drive? Yes / No 9am 10am 11am 12noon 1pm 2pm 3pm 4pm 5pm 6pm 7pm 8pm 9pm 10pm 11pm

What is the earliest time you will be free of alcohol? 7pm

What effect will a couple of drinks at lunch-time have?

6

5 6

6 10

15 4

37

© dde and DDE+ and may not be reproduced without prior, written permission of the authors 2014.01

Recap week 1 ask the questions as a 10 min. tail-ender to the day Annex F

1 How does Alcohol travel around the body? the blood

2 Alcohol goes to all parts of the body, but it mostly affects? the liver

3 How much Vodka, drunk in 2 hours, could put an average man or woman over the legal limit? it’s impossible to tell

4 Give 3 drinks that contain two ‘UNITs’ a double 25ml spirit 1 pint of 3½% bitter a 175ml glass of 12% wine

5 If you have 1½ pints of ordinary (4%abv) beer followed by one 175ml glasses of 12%abv wine with a meal, how many units will you have consumed? 5 units

6 A ‘High Risk Offender’ will have - a reading over 2½ times the limit been caught twice in 10 years refused to give a specimen

7 If you started drinking at 8pm (till1am) and drank a total of 12 units, when would you be alcohol free? 9am

8 If you need to drive at 7:00 tomorrow morning, and you are going out tonight at 9:00, how many units can you have? 9 units

9 At what rate do most people process (burn up) alcohol? 1 unit per hour

10 What one thing is relevant to getting the alcohol out of your system? time

Recap week 2 1 Tolerance is when you feel less effect as your drink-diary rises True/False? True

2 If you need to drive at 6:00 tomorrow morning, and you are going out tonight at 8:00, how many units can you have? 9 units

3 Give 3 drinks that contain three UNIT’s - a double 35ml spirit a pint of 5.5%abv Stella a 250ml glass of 12% wine

4 In an emergency stop from 70mph how much further would you travel if your alcohol level was at the legal limit rather than being alcohol FREE? 4 metres

5 How much Vodka, drunk in 2 hours, could put an average man or woman over the legal limit? it’s impossible to tell

6 What one thing is relevant to getting the alcohol out of your system? time

7 At what rate do most people process (burn up) alcohol? 1 unit per hour

8 What does alcohol do to your confidence? It increases your confidence

9 If you started drinking at 9pm (till1am) and drank a total of 11 units, when would you be alcohol free? 8am

10 What is the MINIMUM ban if you are convicted of drink-driving a second time within 10 years? 3 years

38

Annex G

The Journey - a travel game in pairs. Timing: in pairs 15m, feedback 15m Safe driving is about many things, some of which we don’t always consciously consider. This exercise reminds us of the complexity and detail of the issues.

Your pair is going to take the most precious person in your life on a 400 mile journey by car. List the critical issues you would like to question before they go? (the questions you would like to ask but probably won’t). Bring the issues together on the flipchart/wall. How many of these do YOU do/consider before a lengthy journey? Here are some you may get – with space for more The driver: How much experience; in years and day-to-day driving.

Are they a RoSPA Advanced Driver

Any driving convictions, history of accidents

Fitness, health, eyesight, alcohol (in last 24 hrs) other drugs: legal and illegal. First Aid training, could they deal with an emergency – child being travel sick, elderly person having a heart attack CRB check?

The car:

Age, condition, MoT, insurance, recent service, ABS, seat belts, child seat. Check: water, brake fluid, tyre pressures, spare tyre, jack, wheel wrench, torch, windscreen washers/water, lights. Maps/route, satnav, breakdown cover, mobile phone, tapes/CD’s – entertainment for the children.

The journey:

Day or night, Motorway or A roads, ferry, Breaks: how many, where, power naps? Weather conditions, shovel, blanket, umbrella, mac. Water, snacks

© dde email: ddeplus@drinkdrive.co.uk web: dde@drinkdrive.org.uk

39

Annex H Is it OK - for someone like you to ...? Fill in column one first by ticking whichever of the statements is sometimes or always OK for you . This will help you build up a picture of your drinking pattern, where, when and why, you think it is appropriate for you to have a drink. Please note, this is not a list of good and bad reasons to drink! Then fill in column 2 trying to decide what someone name? ………………………. close to you would think it is OK for you to do. I think it’s OK my friend thinks for me to - it’s OK for me to - Go for a drink after work

Drink at lunch time.

Have a drink in the morning before starting work

Keep alcohol at work

Have wine with a meal

Have a night-cap

Have a couple of drinks to unwind when I get in from work

Drink on my own

Have a drink to pass the time

Buy rounds in the pub

Have a drink when I am depressed

Have a drink when I am angry

Drink before I go to a party or to meet someone new

Celebrate with a drink when I win something

Offer visitors a drink

Drink while watching TV

Drink more at weekends because I don’t have to get up for work Drink more because I don’t have to drive

Sometimes what we think is OK is not how others see it - ask this friend to fill in the other sheet and see if the ticks are in the same place, if not how do they see it differently? You could ask more than one person – a drinking friend may see you differently to a family member?

40

Is it OK? Your friend thinks - Dear ............................. Please tick those statements where you think it is OK for me to drink - it’s OK to – Then fill in column 2 trying to decide what someone name? ………………………. close to you would think it is OK for you to do. I think it’s OK my friend thinks for me to - it’s OK for me to - Go for a drink after work

Drink at lunch time.

Have a drink in the morning before starting work

Keep alcohol at work

Have wine with a meal

Have a night-cap

Have a couple of drinks to unwind when I get in from work

Drink on my own

Have a drink to pass the time

Buy rounds in the pub

Have a drink when I am depressed

Have a drink when I am angry

Drink before I go to a party or to meet someone new

Celebrate with a drink when I win something

Offer visitors a drink

Drink while watching TV

Drink more at weekends because I don’t have to get up for work

Drink more because I don’t have to drive

Are they the same? If not it may be worth talking about it.

Bring this sheet back to the group next week and we’ll talk about the differences.

41

HIGH RISK SITUATIONS [use with cards] get the group, in 4’s or 5’s to consider these and come up with strategies to manage them. PLANNING is all!

1 You drove to meet friends, some 40 miles away, intending to stay over at one of them. During the evening you are separated from your host, you are not sure of their exact address and they aren’t answering their phone. You’ve had about 15 units, it’s February, and you see your car across the road ………….

A, sleep in the car – NO – ‘in charge’ B, hotel, B&B – too late – to expensive C, taxi home – too expensive D, sleep on an all night bus?

2 You have been drinking all evening; you are not intending to drive. Your youngest child (16) calls, she’s upset and tells you that she has lost her purse with all her money and cards and can’t get home; it’s 1:30 a.m. mid-January and raining cats & dogs.

A, have cash in the house so you can pay cab home B, stay with friend? C, other parent / neighbour to go get them D, make sure they have a backup plan

3 It’s been 8 years 11 months since your drink-drive conviction – you’ve forgotten it ever happened. How can you remind yourself occasionally, perhaps annually, so you don’t forget it and get complacent?

A, put dde handbook in with your vehicle docs B, note in ‘Calendar’ on e-mail system C, attach the event to a significant date – birthday? D, do something on the anniversary – visit venue?

4 Its lunch time. You consider your drinking from last night and a quick drink diary on the back of an envelope reveals you could have had a problem this morning if you had been stopped, you weren’t – this time, but …..?

A, do a penance – visit court for an hour! B, visit dde’s website C, read through your handbook D, have a ‘car free’ day – like now!

5 You return home after a very pleasant evening out, you’ve probably had more than 10 units. As you pass your car on the road outside your house you notice that you’ve left your laptop on the front seat of your car.

A, move it!! be careful though – ‘in charge’ B, get someone without a licence to move it C, leave it there D, move it BEFORE you get out

6 You have a good system for managing your driving when drinking on Friday nights. You leave the car in town, get a taxi home, get the bus into town Saturday morning and after shopping and a bit of lunch, drive home. This Saturday morning you leave the house to catch the bus and find the car outside your house?! One of you drove home in blackout!!

A, leave the car at home – get the bus into town B, take a SAE to town and post the keys home! C, don’t drink so much! D,

7. You decide your best strategy to manage drink driving is not to drink at all. What could you do to help maintain this?

A, replace ‘drinking time’ with something you enjoy – perhaps used to do? B, consider trying AA C, try to change your friendship base – not easy! but not everyone drinks. D, talk to your GP? E, remind yourself of the consequences of drinking, is it like ‘oil and water’? F, reward yourself with the money saved

8 You and your partner have not been getting on lately. Tonight, after 7 or 8 units, you begin to fear for your safety it’s pouring with rain, mid-winter and your car is outside the house – what are you going to do?

A, tee up a nearby friend before hand B, call the Police C, prep a room as a retreat – stronger lock, hinges

9 You are driven home from a party; you have had 12 units and are feeling pleasantly mellow – and definitely unfit to drive. Your friend drops you off and goes on home. Once in the house you discover you are out of cigarettes/milk/sugar/whatever.

A, go without B, walk C, call a taxi delivery service D, bike? Not too safe

10 You pop into the pub to collect some money you are owed, you have a Coke as you have the car with you. A pint of Stella arrives from the other bar with an important customer’s compliments.

A, as the bar staff to put it in the till for another day B, swap it for a Coke C, give it to someone else

11 You are on call from work – but you never get a call! Tonight, after 4 Beck’s you get a call out – it’s urgent!

A, go sick? B, ask a colleague to cover

12 You’ve left the car at the station and got the train to the office in town, as you do every day. Tonight as you are leaving, your boss, who you need to keep in with, invites you for an after work drink, it’s his birthday

A, book a taxi FROM the station B, book it back TO the station tomorrow morning! C, have an alcohol free drink D, book a local B&B – on expenses of course!

42

Annex J Field Impairment Testing The Police can now check if drivers are impaired by way of 5 simple tests done at the roadside. These are primarily for testing drug use but can just as easily be applied to alcohol use. The 5 tests are: -

The Romberg test is used to evaluate the subject’s internal clock and body sway. Certain drugs cause the internal clock to speed up or slow down and also cause the subject to sway back and forth or side to side. You will be requested to tilt your head back, close your eyes and tell the office when 30 seconds have elapsed.

Walk and turn test. This test divides the subject’s attention between balancing and information processing. It involves the subject walking nine steps heel to toe in a straight line, turning about, and then taking another nine steps heel to toe in a straight line, whilst counting out loud.

One leg stand: This is also a divided attention test with specific instructions where the subject has to stand on alternate feet for a timed period of 30 seconds. During this period, the subject also has to count aloud. ‘A subject who is impaired through drink or drugs will have difficulty balancing and/or counting.’

Finger to nose test: This is a co-ordination test. Certain drugs may cause the subject to misjudge the position of their nose. The examiner says either left or right to indicate which hand should be raised directly in front and touch the tip of the nose with the tip of the index finger”.

“Pupillary examination: The presence of some drugs causes the pupils to dilate and others cause the pupils to constrict. The size of the subject’s pupils are examined, comparing them to a card* held up at the side of the face. Use the card, below, in the kit.

The rear of this card has an abbreviated version of this page

43

Statement of Facts – Annex K

When a client appeals against our issue of a Notice of Non-Completion. Background

When we decide not to issue a Certificate we must issue a Notice of Non-Completion. The vast majority of these are a simple tick box affair saying 'we've had no contact'. The rest need something more in respect of WHY we are not issuing a Certificate - we must say why not.

The client can make an application to overturn our decision, the notice says -

If you disagree with the course provider's decision not to issue a Certificate of Completion you

may, within such period as may be prescribed by rules of court, [28 days] apply to the

supervising [should be sentencing] court (shown overleaf) for a declaration that the course

provider's decision not to give a certificate was incorrect. If the court grants the application this

shall have the same effect as if a Certificate of Completion had been duly received by the

officer of the court.

What should you do?

When ANYTHING happens that might result in someone failing to complete a course e.g. turned away for alcohol/drugs on board, not taking part, displaying behaviour contrary to our policy on equal opportunities, being late or anything else - WRITE A STATEMENT OF FACTS immediately

after the event, before you forget, keep a copy and forward one to the office, e-mail is fine. We will transpose that to the Notice and send it to court. If the person 'appeals' against the notice it is Roger who appears in Court to defend it. Only in the most extreme situation would you ever have to appear in court.

How to write a Statement of Facts

The key word is 'FACTs' - no opinions, hearsay, might have beens or probablies.

examples -

In October 2011, Mrs S paid the full fee to attend our course in Bracknell in December 2011.

She arrived at the first session but, in the opinion of our tutors, she was unfit to stay due to

being under the influence of alcohol, so they asked her to leave and contact the office to

arrange a new course. Despite several reminders from us she has failed to rebook.

I am therefore unable to issue a Certificate of Completion.

In October 2012 Mr W paid the full fee to attend our course in Banbury that month.

However he arrived late at the first session so was turned away. He was too close to his deadline to book a new course.

I am therefore unable to issue a Certificate of Completion

The key is that we only have the clear, indisputable facts; less is more!

Imagine you are the defence solicitor, trying to prove we 'were wrong not to issue a Certificate', don't give them anything to get hold of, to bend or twist. In the first we didn't say 'she was' we said 'in our opinion', we also say we offered other chances which she didn't take up. The second is more straight forward.

We have NEVER had a Notice appealed against.

See below for an example

44

If you disagree with the course organiser’s decision not to issue a Certificate of Completion then you may apply to the supervising court for a declaration that the organiser was wrong not to issue a certificate. You must do this in writing

within 28 days (in England and Wales) of the date specified for completion of the course (21 days in Scotland). The date specified for completion of the course and the address of the supervising court are shown overleaf.

A declaration by the court has the same effect as Certification of Completion.

�

Reason for Decision

I am unable to issue a Certificate of Completion for the following reasons (�)

Participant failed to make due payment of the fees Participant failed to attend the course as instructed by the organiser Participant failed to comply with any other reasonable requirement of the course organiser

Detailed statement of reasons:

In August 2012, Mr W paid a deposit to attend our course in Banbury in March 2013. However, he failed to pay the balance due or arrive at the course. We offered him alternative dates but he has failed to contact us. I am therefore unable to issue a Certificate of Completion.

Certification Signed by, or on behalf of, course organiser Date 25/02/2016

�

45

Trainer’s Skills: Competencies Checklist annex 14

In order to fulfill our obligations to DVSA with regard Trainer competence we evaluate trainers as they work. This is not a ‘top down’ exercise; we can all evaluate each other. Each time you work with someone decide who will evaluate who and on which module. Sign the form and send it in with your invoice, we will copy it for you and the file. The DVSA will look at when they inspect us your file. The form is overleaf. PLEASE DO AS MANY AS YOU CAN SO THE FILE IS NICE AND FULL WHEN THEY CALL!

46

Trainer’s Skills: Competencies Checklist

Trainer: _________________________ Course No. _________ Date: ___________ Assessor: ______________________ Module(s): [see reverse] e.g. agree these before the session Please summarize trainer’s demonstrated knowledge/s kills using the rating system below:

Trainer - 1. shows strength in this area 2. demonstrates some ability 3. needs additional support

Delivery: Rating Body Language: Rating

set up the room, refreshments and greeted the audience warmly.

maintained good eye contact with the audience.

used a voice loud and clear enough to hear easily.

was friendly and smiled.

delivered module in a logical way from beginning to middle and end,

used body language to help communicate ideas visually.

clearly described what to expect from the module.

Audience Participation:

used effective examples and illustrations. involved the audience.

defined unfamiliar technical terms. handled questions and comments with calm courtesy.

summarized the main points before finishing.

broke up module at appropriate points.

Visual Aids: provided clear instructions for all

activities.

made sure materials could be read easily from where I was sitting.

clarified or rephrased questions to elicit audience participation.

got the point across in a clear and simple way.

Technical Competency:

did not block the screen or flipchart.

taught technically accurate content.

talked to the audience rather than to the screen or flipchart.

answered technical questions from the audience without using jargon.

gauged audience level of understanding in relation to language and assisted appropriately.

gauged audience level of technical knowledge and adjusted the presentation accordingly.

the bar in good order and not too many bottles/glasses. Utilise 'Absorption' diagram and explain.

accurately broke down technical/complex concepts in a way participants could understand.

Managing Behaviour: identified particularly anxious individuals

and tried to put them at their ease

identified individuals who could be disruptive

identified individuals who may not be ‘alcohol free and impaired by drugs’

managed disruptive individuals appropriately / assertively

managed ‘not alcohol free or impaired’ individuals appropriately

Please use the space below to specify:

M

47

Specific topics where the trainer lacks technical knowledge/expertise:

Ways the trainer might connect better with and engage the audience; be more inclusive:

Use materials more efficiently:

Use a clearer, more organised approach:

Use visual aids that better educate his or her audience:

Was there anything exceptional?

What shall we look at next time?

Assessor’s signature

Trainer’s signature

Date

Assessor – please send to the office, a copy will be forwarded to the tutor and a copy put on his/her file.

Modules for Competency ChecklistA arrive appropriately early, put up signs, wear name badge, have all equipment, layout room ,

appraise register, address validity of identity, refreshments, fire exits, smoking, phones, breaks.

B first 5 minutes – put people at their easeC ice breaker - name game P recap - wk 1 & 2

D group guidelines Q social aspects

E AKQ - wk 1 & 3 R dependance - elimination - paper rollF S homework - wk 1 & 2

G drink diaries - wk 1, 2 & 3 T the journey

H safe, sensible, legal U OK for you - OK for me – wk 2 & 3

I effects of alcohol/drugs - PIES V theory testJ criminal record – travel abroad W risk – High Risk Situation Card GameK High Risk Offenders X tolerance - intoxication

L s42(1) – early reinstatement of licence Y dependence - changeM DR Codes – definition of a 'road' Z resources – where to go next

N A2 evaluation

O insurance quotes - wk 1, 2 & 3 A3 closing – saying goodbye

those in bold are stand alone modules

the bar – 'absorption' diagramme

ABC storyboards – wk 2 & 3