Traffic Rules For All including You

Traffic Rules Handbook Version 1.02

Rajendra Sidhaye Founder & Convener

Save Pune Traffic Movement

========== Traffic Rules Handbook ==========

============== Save Pune Traffic Movement ==============

www.savepunetraffic.com Page 2 of 39

Rajendra Sidhaye [email protected] Contact address: Save Pune Traffic Movement Display Creators, 1st Floor, Wagholikar Building, Next to Grahak Peth, Tilak Road, Pune – 411 030 No part of this book should be copied without express written permission from the author. Note: Revenue earned from this handbook will be used for spreading the Movement.

CCopyright 2003 CCCopyright 2003




Index

Introduction: Objective of the handbook.......................................................................... 4 Dedication & Acknowledgement....................................................................................... 5 Section I: Traffic Rules related to road signs, signals, documents & vehicle condition.............................................................................................................................................. 6 Section I: Traffic Rules related to road signs, signals, documents & vehicle condition.............................................................................................................................................. 6

1.0 Signals at the Intersections:........................................................................................... 6 Note: At some places, signals for specific directions have arrows. E.g. Blinking yellow with left arrow indicates you to go ahead and turn left, after slowing down and watching for traffic coming from Right side. Similarly there can be Green Arrow as well................................................... 8 2.0 Markings on the Roads and their meanings..................................................................... 9 2.0 Markings on the Roads and their meanings..................................................................... 9 3.0 Traffic Signs & their meanings ..................................................................................... 12 4.0 Rules related to Documents......................................................................................... 12 5.0 Rules related to vehicle condition................................................................................. 14

Section II: Traffic Rules to be used while Driving, Stopping & Parking ...................... 16 6.0 Observing rules while driving and in special conditions................................................... 17 7.0 Hand Signals to be given by the driver.......................................................................... 23 8.0 Rules regarding parking / stopping ............................................................................... 24 8.1 Signs allowing or prohibiting Parking / Stopping:............................................................ 24 8.2 Cares to be taken while Parking................................................................................... 25

Section III: Fine amounts for breaking traffic rules and respective MVA clauses...... 27 9.0 General ..................................................................................................................... 27 9.1 Fine amounts for breaking Documents related rules....................................................... 27 9.2 Fine amounts for breaking rules related to Driving ......................................................... 28 9.4 Fine amounts for breaking Vehicle condition related rules .............................................. 29

Annexure A: About Save Pune Traffic Movement.................................................................... 30 Associated Projects of Save Pune Traffic Movement........................................................... 32

Annexure B: Traffic Signs and their meanings......................................................................... 33 B-1] Mandatory i.e. Regulatory signs.................................................................................. 33 B-2] Cautionary signs ....................................................................................................... 35 B-3] Information signs....................................................................................................... 37

Annexure C: Typical Stopping distances at different speeds..................................................... 38 References.......................................................................................................................... 39




Introduction: Objective of the handbook While working on Save Pune Traffic Movement (Information about the Movement and its projects have been given in Annexure), I came across this question many times, (surprisingly from the people who hold the permanent driving license for several years), “What are the rules to be followed?”. Many people seemed to use this as an excuse for not joining the Movement. Information that could be obtained from Traffic Police department was very scanty and lacked good clarity. Their web page also just provided information on fine amounts in case one breaks specific rule, but was not found to cover the description of rules themselves. RTO Pune web page (http://www.rtopune.com) also was found to be lacking in the clear definition of the traffic Rules. Even after several attempts, a good reference focusing just on traffic rules could not be obtained. When I had a chance to read California Driver Handbook during my visit to USA, I found clarity of a completely different dimension. e.g. take the simplest case of the definition of Green Signal and Red Signal. Definition of Red signal included, “You can make a right turn against Red, but yield to pedestrians and vehicles going straight”. On the other hand, definition of Green signal included, “…Do not enter an intersection even when the light is green, unless there is enough space for you to completely cross before the light turns Red. If heavy traffic prevents you to cross completely and you obstruct traffic after the signal changes, you will be penalized”. This motivated me to make a traffic Rules document giving similar clarity, as I knew that this will be crucial for the Movement which has tight linkage with following traffic rules and taking pride in the same. Hence, this is an attempt to put together a concise handbook that defines what are the rules in various categories, markings on the roads, road signs in categories of mandatory, cautionary and informative, rules at the time of driving as well as stopping and parking. I have also attempted to illustrate typical mistakes, which are done by many drivers in India and corresponding correct practices. If you find any mistakes in this document, please report all such for corrections and your suggestions for enhancements, so that future versions can get more and more refined. Wishing you a pleasant and a safe ride on the roads and requesting you to ensure that others have the same, Rajendra Sidhaye Founder & Convener [email protected] Together, we can win!




Dedication & Acknowledgement

This handbook is dedicated to all the common people (like myself) who took up the spirit of the Movement and chose to stand up for good and responsible behavio r, braving the ridicule and skepticism by others. I am indebted to all the action team members of the Movement, who contributed a lot through the little actions and showed the will to make a difference. Without them, this Movement could not have progressed. Value of their support and time far exceeds even the blessings of the Beacons (eminent citizens) who supported the Movement. I am especially thankful to my teammates Harshad Abhyankar and Sandeep Sathe for patiently going through the entire document and giving detailed feedbacks. I would like to thank Dr.Sunil Dhapte, Assist.RTO and Mr.Kishore Mhasawade, Sub-Inspector Pune Police traffic Branch for going through this document and pointing out corrections and providing valuable suggestions. I am especially indebted to Dr.Dhapte for sharing his MVA book copy and patiently discussing several times and clarifying my doubts. I am also grateful to Mr.Khade, RTO Pune and Mr.Sengaonkar, DCP, Traffic, Pune for providing the support for the verification of this document. Rajendra Sidhaye




Section I: Traffic Rules related to road signs, signals, documents & vehicle condition. This section gives the information and rules related to various signals, signs and markings on the road. It also gives rules related to the documents that the driver must possess and the vehicle condition. (Rules to be followed while driving are covered in section II)

?? Signals at the intersections (Chowk) ?? Markings on the Roads & their meanings ?? Traffic Signs & their meanings ?? Rules related to the Documents ?? Vehicle condition related rules

1.0 Signals at the Intersections: This section describes rules related to the signal indicators in fine details: 1.1 RED Signal

Fig.1 Red Signal When there is RED signal, you MUST Stop. This includes the Left Turn also. In India, when there is a Left Turn allowed permanently at the signal junction, there is a yellow arrow signal indicator. If this is not the case, you Must Stop even for Left turn also.




1.2 Yellow (or Amber) Signal

Fig.2 Yellow signal When there is Yellow (or Amber) signal, it indicates that the signal is about to change from Green to Red. If this is the case:

1. Slow down and Stop before the STOP line on the road. 2. It is ok to proceed if you have already crossed the STOP line when the signal turns yellow,

or you were so very close to signal that stopping suddenly might cause an accident. However, in this case also look for traffic starting from other directions. It is better to be safe, than sorry. Also, watch for any pedestrians.

3. Never increase speed, when you see Yellow signal. 4. In fact, DO NOT increase speed, even when you see Green signal from a distance. When

you approach Traffic Signal junction, your speed should be within 30 km/h. At this speed, it takes about 12 meters (40 feet) to stop the vehicle. (Please see annexure C).If you increase speed beyond this, it is going to take much more time and distance to stop. So, you may overshoot the STOP line and you run the risk of causing an accident, if you apply brake too hard and stop suddenly.

1.3 Green Signal

Fig.3 Green Signal Go Ahead, after ensuring that the road ahead is clear.




1. Sometimes there are some irresponsible drivers still crossing the road, even when signal has become Red for them. In this case, you should be careful while starting. It is better to be safe, because you may win the argument later, if you are in condition to argue in the first place! This is what is defensive driving, and is the correct practice to follow, for your own safety.

2. Sometimes there may be a traffic jam, and hence you see that the road on which you want to go after crossing the traffic junction is not clear. In this case, you should wait, even if it is Green signal for you. Your vehicle must not stop in the traffic junction, obstructing traffic in other direction, when the signal changes.

3. Proceed only when it is Green signal for the direction where you want to go. Do not look for signal to go Red for other direction, in order to start early.

4. Do Not start honking horn as soon as signal turns Green. Everybody wants to move. Nobody wants to keep appreciating the beauty of Green signal !!

1.4 Blinking Yellow Signal

Fig.4 Blinking yellow This indicates you to slow down. Watch for traffic and then Go ahead when it is safe. 1.5: Blinking Red Signal

Fig.5 Blinking Red This indicates you to slow down and completely Stop. Watch for traffic and then Go ahead when it is safe. Note: At some places, signals for specific directions have arrows. E.g. Blinking yellow with left arrow indicates you to go ahead and turn left, after slowing down and watching for traffic coming from Right side. Similarly there can be Green Arrow as well.




2.0 Markings on the Roads and their meanings This section gives the meanings of various markings / Lines on the roads and their meanings with associated rules. 2.1 Marking Lines near the signal intersection

Fig.6 Stop Lines 2.1.1 Stop Lines: One or two continuous lines across the road are at the point where the road meets signal intersection. We must stop before these lines. Also see this line in the diagram below.

Fig.7 Stop Line, Zebra crossing & Lane indicator arrows at intersection (Chowk)

2.1.2 Lane indicator arrows near intersection (chowk): These indicate in which lane the vehicles should stop depending on where they want to go. E.g. in above diagram, there are two lanes. Vehicles wanting to turn right, must only stop in the right lane. Vehicles wanting to turn left or go straight should stop in the left lane; they must not stop in right lane. 2.2 Zebra crossing: A patch across the road having parallel (straight or slant) lines indicate “Zebra crossing” which is the place, specifically marked for pedestrians to cross the road. We must stop vehicle if we see pedestrian crossing the road on this and we must never stop vehicle on this patch. These can be at

S T O P S T O PS T O P S T O P

S T O PS T O P




Signal intersection as well as at an appropriate point on the road, where the pedestrians are more likely to need to cross the road.)

Fig.8 Zebra crossing

2.3 The Lines along the road: For traffic in same direction

Fig.9 Lane divider lines Fig.10 Lane divider lines change from Broken to Unbroken near signals

White lines along the road divide the road into multiple lanes in the same direction as in diagrams above. If the white line is a broken line, as in the Fig.9, one can change lane here. But, in the portion of the road where this line becomes a solid unbroken line, as shown in Fig. 10, one must not change lane. (This typically happens near the traffic lights). 2.4 The Lines along the road: For traffic in opposite direction White or yellow lines along the road can also divide the road into in two lanes for traffic in opposite directions, as in diagrams below.

Fig.11 Broken line road divider Fig.12 Unbroken line road divider It is ok to cross a broken line, as in the Fi.11, to overtake other vehicle, of course after ensuring that it is safe. For a solid unbroken line, as in the Fig.12, overtaking or lane changing should be avoided.




In case the road has two solid unbroken lines as shown in figure 14, one must not cross the lines to make an overtake. This should be treated like a concrete road-divider.

Fig.13 Two road divider lines Fig.14 Two road divider lines With one broken line With both unbroken lines But in case, one of the lines is broken and other is unbroken (figure 13), the drivers on the side on which the line is broken, may cross the line to make an overtake. However, the drivers who are driving on the side of the unbroken line, must not cross it while making an overtake. (Instances of this type of divider lines, are not seen usually) 2.5 No parking / No waiting indicator lines

Fig.15 Line indicating No parking Fig.16 Two Lines indicating No stopping One yellow unbroken line, near the edge of the road (as in fig.15) indicates that parking is not allowed on this side of the road. Two yellow unbroken lines, (as in fig.16), indicate that vehicles should not stop on this side of the road.




3.0 Traffic Signs & their meanings The traffic signs have been given in Annexure B. Please be aware of all these signs. There are 3 types of signs.

?? Mandatory Signs: These are mostly circular. These must be followed at all times, unless there is a time specified on the Signboard itself (for example: No Parking, from 11 am to 5 pm). Violations of these signs are punishable under section 177. Please refer Section III, section 9.2, point no.6.

?? Cautionary or Warning signs: These are Triangular symbols. These caution or warn you of some condition on road, that you will encounter as you drive on, e.g. School ahead (and children are likely to come on road suddenly, so you must drive slowly and with caution), or conditions like hairpin bend or steep slope, while driving in Ghats.

?? Information signs: These are Rectangular signs. These provide you information for example about facilities available on roadside like Petrol pump or parking place or restaurant etc.

4.0 Rules related to Documents As you know, there are various documents associated with driving, such as driving license and vehicle related documents such as RCTC books, insurance etc. Here is a summary of rules associated with these rules. 4.1 Documents that every person driving a vehicle must possess a] Private vehicles

1. RC (registration certificate) 2. TC (taxation certificate), 3. Insurance 4. PUC certificate

b] Additional documents for Transport vehicles

5. Fitness certificate for the vehicle 6. Permit for transport

Important Note: (Reference: MVA section 130 / RRR clause 32) For Private Vehicles:

?? You must possess Originals of driving license and PUC certificate while driving a vehicle, (If Driving License has been confiscated by authorities, or has been deposited for renewal, you should carry associated original receipt).




?? For other documents i.e. RCTC books and Insurance, carrying attested copies is acceptable. However, if a Police officer demands for examination, the driver must be able to show the original documents within 15 days.

Transport vehicle drivers must possess Originals of all the documents. 4.2 Driving License related Driving license taken anywhere in India is valid in any part of India. 4.2.1 Minimum Age Pre-requisite for obtaining a Driving License S/N Vehicle Type Minimum Age

1 2 wheeler less than 50 cc (moped / motorcycle) 16 years 2 Car / motorcycle 18 years 3 Transport vehicles 20 years

If the applicant’s age is less than 18, the application must have signature of his/her parent/guardian done before authority. Consent may be withdrawn later. 4.2.2 What is needed for taking a Learning License?

a. Proof of age b. Proof of address c. Medical certificate for transport vehicles d. 3 photographs

This is valid for a period of 6 months. 4.2.3 Process of obtaining a Driving License Steps for obtaining a Driving License are:

a. Take a Learning License from RTO. b. Understand Driving rules c. Take driving lessons from a professional driving school instructor. During this

period, Board / plate with prominent “L” sign must be put up on the vehicle, on both Front as well as Rear sides.

d. Appear for the test for permanent Driving license at the RTO office. This can be done only 30 days after taking a learning license. This test will consist of checking the Driving skills and may have written / oral test about the driving rules.




If you could not pass the driving test and get a permanent license within 6 months, you will have to take Learning license again. 4.2.4 Validity of the Driving License

a. For Transport vehicles: 3 Years. (It can be renewed for every 3 years). b. For Private vehicles:

If one is younger than 50 years: 20 years or till one is 50 years of age whichever is earlier. If one is older than 50 years: It is valid for 5 years. After this it can be renewed for 5

years, at a time. After the validity is over, the license can be renewed within 30 days, without any fine. After 30 days, you will be fined. Along with the application for renewal, you have to attach the driving license, 3 photographs. Medical certificate is also required to be attached for transport vehicles Or in case a person is above 50 years of age.

5.0 Rules related to vehicle condition Following are the important rules related to the vehicle condition: 5.1 Indicators and Lamps related (CMVR 104, 105, 109, 111)

a. Apart from the lamps specified by the rules, which are typically provided by the vehicle manufacturer, you must not put additional lamps such as Halogen Lamps, Spotlights, searchlights or any decorative lamps.

b. Apart from the indicators, the lamps on the rear of the vehicle must be only red in color. c. The lamp that illuminates the number plate should be such that the number should be

clearly visible in the night also. d. Four wheelers must have Parking lights: Yellow or white colored on the left & right corners

on the front side and Red colored lamps on the corners on rear side. The parking lights must be kept on, while parking the vehicle on highways (if allowed) or when it is stopped due to breakdown or while parking in unconventional places.

e. Four wheelers must have a warning mechanism by which all the indicators can be turned on and these must be put on, if the vehicle breaks down on the road.

5.2 Horn related (CMVR 119) You must not install horn, which has multiple types of sounds. You must not install a Horn that will surprise or frighten other drivers. (Remember, Horn is for cautioning others and not for creating Noise pollution. Use it judiciously as if it were money!) 5.3 Tinted glasses related (CMVR 100)




You must not install dark tinted glasses or Sun control films, which will prevent proper outside view from inside and vice versa. Minimum visibility levels that must be ensured are: Windscreen (Front Glass) and Rear window Glass: 70% and Side Glasses: 50%. (as per CMVR 1989, Clause 100). However, it is better to have 100% visibility for the Front glass i.e. windscreen. Please also refer section 9.4 point 3. Similarly, you must not put curtains, which will not allow to see-through. You also must not put films, which will reflect and shine like mirror. 5.4 Installing TV / Video (MMVR 162) You must not install TV or Video in the vehicle in such a way that the attention of the driver will be attracted towards it. If it is installed, this has to be done behind the driver in such a way that he / she cannot see it. If music is put on an audio system, it must not be at a high volume, which will distract other vehicle drivers. 5.5 Smoke emission (CMVR 115) You must have a valid PUC certificate for the vehicle. New vehicles are PUC certified for a period of One year from the date of registration. You must get the emission checked and obtain PUC certificate before the validity expires. When you get the emission check done, the validity of the PUC certificate is normally Six months. However, this depends of the emission level and the validity could be less (4months or 2 months) of the emission is found to be higher than prescribed limits. You must ensure that the vehicle is not emitting excessive smoke. If the vehicle is emitting excessive smoke or you haven’t got the valid PUC certificate for the vehicle, you will be liable to pay fine (please refer III for details). 5.6 Alteration in Vehicle (CMV 52, MMVR 57) You must not alter the vehicle to an extent that the particulars contained in Registration Certificate are in variance with those specified by manufacturer. Before doing alterations, it is necessary to have permission from concerned RTO. After carrying out the alteration, owner must forward the copy of RC to RTO within 14 days. 5.7 Registration Number Plate (CMV 50 & 51) The Registration Number displayed on the vehicle must conform to the specifications given below: Private vehicles must have it displayed on Front and Rear, whereas the commercial vehicles also must have them displayed on both sides.




Registration sign has to be painted in Roman script. (In Maharashtra, the owner can also put one in Devanagari script in addition, but it has to be a Marathi translation of English sign. The size of the letters and numerals in the registration number (as well as their thickness, gap between them etc.) is specified in the rules, as given below. S/N Class of vehicle Height Thickness Space

between 1 All motor cycles & 3 wheeled invalid

carriages Rear letters 35 7 5

2 - - - - - - same as above - - - - - - Rear Numeral 40 7 7 3 Motor cycles engine capacity less

than 70 cc Front letters & numerals

15 2.5 2.5

4 Other motor cycles Front letters & numerals

30 5 5

5 Three wheelers of engine capacity not exceeding 500 cc

Rear & front letters & numerals

35 7 5

6 Three wheelers of engine capacity exceeding 500 cc

Rear & front letters & numerals

40 7 5

7 All other vehicles Rear & front letters & numerals

65 10 10

Note: All dimensions in above table are in mm

The color scheme for Non-Transport vehicles (Section 118 MVA): Permanent Registration - White on Black Plate. Temporary Number - Red on Yellow Plate. Fancy lettering, raised or shining metal numbers are not permitted. The plate should not have any line, or color, or any other kind of marking on it. Section II: Traffic Rules to be used while Driving, Stopping & Parking This section describes:

?? Rules that one must observe while driving, as well as the safe driving practices. ?? Hand signals that the driver should give, ?? Rules to be observed while stopping and parking a vehicle.




6.0 Observing rules while driving and in special conditions 6.1 General

a. Strictly observe rules related to traffic Signals at the intersections (given in section 1.1) and all mandatory traffic signs (covered in section 1.3 and annexure B). Note that there is no such unwritten rule that the traffic signals need not be observed in the early morning or after late evening. Unless validity time is explicitly specified, the signs and signals are to be followed all the time.

b. Never drive on wrong side of the road or break One Way, even for a small patch. (Your

attempt to save you some driving or time is a nuisance and a danger to all.) 6.2 Rules related to Vehicle speed & tips for safe driving

a. As per Motor Vehicle Act (clause 112), following are the upper speed limits for different types of vehicles:

Type of Vehicle Upper speed limit (km / hour)

A] Vehicles without trailer Light motor vehicle (Car): Private No upper Limit specified Light motor vehicle (Car): Transport 65 Motor Cycle (two wheeler 50 Taxi / Autoriksha / Tempo / Bus / Truck 65 B] Vehicles with trailer Light motor vehicle 50 Medium goods or passenger vehicle 50 Heavy goods (Truck) or passenger (Bus) vehicle

40

However, the abovementioned speed limits are overridden by the local restrictions like speed limits specified by the traffic signs. Also, the Local traffic authorities specify lower speed limits for the city or town depending on the conditions of the traffic or the roads. For example, the speed limits set by Kochin Police (according to their website http://www.cochincitypolice.com/traffic.htm)

Type of Vehicle Speed Limit Speed Limit for School Zones

Heavy Vehicles 35 15 Light Vehicles 40 15 Two wheelers 40 15 Auto (Riksha) 30 15




b. While driving in the city, slow down when you are near school or a housing society, as children are likely to come on the road suddenly.

c. On busy roads, it doesn’t make sense to speed beyond 40 kmph, as you have to apply

brakes very soon. Frequent acceleration and braking burns additional fuel, which not only inches your pocket, but also spoils our air more. We have to learn to drive smoothly at constant speed as much as possible and reduce frequent changes in speed.

d. Whenever the road conditions become unsafe, drive slower. e.g.

?? On the bends, sharp slopes. ?? At Night, since it is harder to see other users of the road. ?? When it is raining / roads are wet or you detect oil spilled on the road.

e. Keeping Safe distance: While driving, always keep safe distance between you and the vehicle in front. (See the chart in Annexure C). Always be alert, do not get distracted by advertisements on the road hoardings, music in the car (or even by the conversation with others riding with you, or a cell phone usage). Remember, even an additional one second can prevent you from being able to stop, when vehicle ahead has stopped, or there is any person or unforeseen object on the road.

f. Observe specific speed limit restrictions on highways, as stipulated. Remember, as your

speed increases linearly (beyond a specified limit), the chances of an accident increase exponentially. The accident can be due to some object or another vehicle on the road or some failure of your own vehicle or due to a combination of these. It is always better to be safe than sorry.

6.3 Lane discipline

It is important to follow Lane discipline while driving. This means that: ?? You should drive in the same lane, as much as possible. If the lanes are not marked,

you should drive in straight line as much as possible. If there is some obstacle or some speed-breaker ahead, the vehicle in front of you may slow down. In such case, you should not immediately start moving towards left or right. (This habit leads to zigzag driving and is a major contributor to the traffic chaos).

?? If you are moving slower than the normal traffic speed due to any reason, you should choose lane towards left side of the road, so that you do not obstruct others.

?? If you want to turn left or right ahead, show signal and choose the proper lane for turning well in advance. Arrows on the road, especially near the traffic signals, show which Lane is for which direction. (Please refer Section 1.2.1 for details). Stop in the proper lane for turning. DO NOT go into wrong lane in order to be close to the signal. It’s a big nuisance to all.




6.4 Overtaking Overtaking is a crucial part of driving and not doing it in a safe manner is a major reason for accidents.

?? Preferably make an overtake from right side, unless the vehicle in front has given a

Right turn signal or you are driving in a proper lane traffic in a city. (However, keep in mind a possibility that a vehicle in front may not follow proper lane discipline and may shift to the left. Be prepared for this).

?? On a double-sided traffic on highways (or any road) always ensure that there is enough room for overtaking. When in doubt, avoid overtaking at that place. Be even more careful in dark or when roads are wet.

6.5 Not using High beam (Headlight) by default i.e. using it consciously (CMVR 106, MMVR235)

?? While driving in normal conditions, one MUST NOT use high Beam in the city, as it tends to blind the driver of the oncoming vehicle. This can cause an accident.

?? On the other hand, one must use the Head Light, while driving in rain or fog when the visibility is not good. This enables others to see your vehicles better.

6.6 Special conditions while driving

?? Do not use Mobile phone while driving. If you get a call, let the co-passenger take the call, if someone is riding with you, else take the vehicle to the left and stop and then take the call. Do not panic. Focus on the traffic. You can let the call go unanswered. Then take the vehicle towards left anyway, since the caller is most likely to try again soon. (Or you can make the call to the caller and then only go ahead). While stopping, ensure that you are not breaking the rules for stopping the vehicle and not obstructing the traffic.

?? Do not drive when your vehicle shows some signs of being out of condition, especially e.g. if the brake is loose. (Or other conditions such as the vehicle emitting smoke more than normal or the silencer is not working and the vehicle is generating lot of noise). Attend to the fault immediately and get it repaired. Remember, a small fault can be a cause of serious accident.

?? Do not drive when you are not fit mentally or physically. 6.7 Practice the art of Defensive driving

?? This means driving a vehicle in such a way that you will be able to avoid an

accident, even if: 1. You encounter an unexpected condition on the road, such as a pot hole or some

child or some animal suddenly coming on the road. 2. Even if some other vehicle driver commits a mistake or rule violation.

?? Always keep your vehicle in condition, so that the chances of an accident

happening, due to your vehicle suddenly becoming faulty, are minimized.




6.8 If you get involved in an accident (CMV 134)

?? If some person or animal has been hurt in the accident you must help them and get them medical aid. Also, the concerned driver must inform nearest police station within 24 hours.

?? Do not remove the vehicle, unless this is needed to save life of wounded or this is necessary to avert fire. Otherwise the vehicle should not be removed till the Police officer permits.

6.9 Rights of Way (Or responsibility to give way to others)

While driving on the roads, we need to consider others and keep in mind to whom we need to give preference. This attitude can really give rise to a win – win situation on the roads, on the other hand, not considering others leads to a lose all situation, (Remember, you cannot win alone), as this attitude automatically leads to traffic jams and frustrations everywhere. So, here are important situations, where you must give preference to others, i.e. allow others to go first:

?? When you are coming from housing complex or from a small lane onto a large road, please slow down (stop if necessary) and give way to vehicles on the main road, or to pedestrians.

?? When you come into a rotary or an intersection with no traffic signals, give way to the vehicles on your right side.

?? Always stop for pedestrians crossing the road on Zebra crossing. ?? Even when it is not a Zebra crossing, always stop for children or blind people crossing

the road. ?? Always give way to Ambulance, Fire Brigade or Police vehicle, which have special

lamp on them and the siren on. Take your vehicle toward the left on the road and wait till this vehicle goes ahead.

?? When you are turning left or right (at the places where there are no traffic control lights), give preference to the vehicles, which are going straight. This is described below:

6.9.1 Turning Right on a road with no divider Fig.19 shows typical mistakes made by the drivers, while turning right, on the roads with no divider. As shown in this figure, if drivers see the vehicles coming in opposite direction, they take sharp right turn (path 2) or even cross over to the wrong side of the road (path 1).




Fig.19 Turning Right: Wrong practices (Mistake shown by Path 1 is made by many two-wheeler riders, while mistake shown by path 2 is made by all types of vehicles.). This is very dangerous, as you may suddenly come in front of the vehicle on the road into which you are turning. Proper behavior is shown in figure 20 and 21. You need to show right turn signal and go up to the point where you want to make a turn and stop if you see the traffic coming from opposite direction. Keep showing the right turn signal and allow these vehicles to pass. Then take the turn and go into the lane on the right side, as shown in figure 21.

Fig.20 Turning Right: Step 1 Fig.21 Turning Right: Step 2

6.9.2 Turning Right from a lane or housing complex on to a road This is a typical situation at many places, where a lane meets a larger road or the housing complex gate opens onto a road, and one wants to take a Right turn.

12You

12You

1You

1You

1

You

1

You




Fig.22 Right turn: Wrong practice Fig.23 Right turn: Correct practice

In this case, Figure 22 shows wrong behavior, where the driver does not stop for the vehicles going straight to pass, but starts going on wrong side of the road for some distance and then crosses over to the correct side. This is dangerous for your own safety as well as that of others. Fig.23 shows correct behavior where the driver stops for the vehicles to pass and then makes the Right turn on to the road. 6.9.3 Turning Right on a road with divider (from a small lane not in front of divider crossing)

Fig.25 Right turn on a road with divider: Correct & Wrong practices

Figure 25 shows this situation, where some small lanes meet the road where there is no divider crossing. If you want to take a Right turn on such a road, you must follow the Correct path as shown in the figure. You must not take the wrong path as shown in the figure. The principle is, you must not drive on the wrong side of the road even for a slightest distance. Even while following the correct path, after taking the left turn, show proper signal to change the lane and go towards the divider. (If necessary, wait before making left turn itself). Wait at point 1,

C 1

Y o u

C 1

Y o u

C 1

You

C 1

You

CorrectWrong1

You

CorrectWrong1

You




for allowing the vehicles coming from opposite direction to pass. (Ensure that U turn is allowed at this point) After this make the U turn. 6.9.4 Turning Left This is simplest of the situation we face on the road. However, even in this case, wrong behavior is shown in fig.24. In this case, the driver doesn’t look towards right to see if there are any vehicles coming and takes a wide turn, without reducing speed. This is dangerous and makes you vulnerable.

Fig.25 Left turn: Wrong practice Fig.26 Left turn: Correct practice Correct behavior is to look for the traffic coming from right and stop if necessary. Always slow down before you make a turn, so that it is not a wide turn. To Summarize: (For making a turn at the spot where there is no traffic signal) ?? While making a right turn: Show indicator and hand signal in advance, Go up to the right point (i.e. do not make an early turn) and stop if necessary for the vehicles going straight and then make a turn. ?? While making a Left turn: Show indicator and hand signal in advance & slow down. Look on your right and stop if necessary for the vehicles going straight and then make a turn. 7.0 Hand Signals to be given by the driver These are the signals that the driver of any vehicle must use to indicate various conditions such as “I am slowing down” or “I am turning Left” etc. Although now a days, the vehicles have indicator lamps, which are extensively used for giving signal while Turning or changing lane, good & safe driver uses the hand signal in addition, especially during daytime when the lamp may not be very prominent.

YouYou

YouYou




Turning Right: Turning Left: Extend the Right arm Extend the Right arm & straight horizontally turn in anticlockwise from (& Right-turn Blinker On). back to front & again back (& Left turn Blinker On).

Letting vehicles overtake: Slowing down: Extend the Right arm Extend the Right arm with palm below the shoulder level and turned downwards and move move back to front. the arm slowly up and down.

While stopping at junctions: Extend the right arm, bending the elbow vertically. It is always good to use Indicator lamps. 8.0 Rules regarding parking / stopping 8.1 Signs allowing or prohibiting Parking / Stopping:

1. Watch for following signs, which prohibit parking or even stopping




No Parking Not to Stop

2. Following No parking signs with specific instructions must be carefully observed:

This will specify that the parking is NOT to be done within specific distance from the sign or during specific time zone, as shown below.

No Parking on both Park only on right Sides up to 20 meters side of the signboard

Special case of the above is P1 or P2 signs. In case of P1, you can park vehicle on this side of the road on Odd dates, whereas if the board is P2, you can park on this side of the road only on even dates.

3. In addition to the above, you must not even stop vehicle:

a. Within 15 meters from corners or junction without signals. b. Within 50 meters from traffic signal junction c. Within 15 meters from Bus Stop d. On Bridge or on footpath or zebra crossing or in tunnel. e. On road turning

(Explicit traffic sign may not be there at above places)

8.2 Cares to be taken while Parking After ensuring that the parking is allowed at a place:

a. Park within 2 feet from footpath. b. Put-off the engine, Apply hand-brake, Turn the steering so that the front wheels

are turned towards the footpath.

No Parking20 meters

No Parking20 meters

PP




c. Lock the door and carry the key with you. Only if a person with permanent license is in the vehicle, you may leave the key in the vehicle.

d. Ensure that you are not leaving the vehicle in such a way that it is likely to cause danger, obstruction or inconvenience to the other people. Ensure that the vehicle will not be accidentally put into motion, in absence of a driver.




Section III: Fine amounts for breaking traffic rules and respective MVA clauses. 9.0 General This section gives information related to the fine amounts corresponding to the particular offence and corresponding clause of the Motor Vehicle Act, 1988. This information has been taken from chart published by Pune Police and could change in future. Notes: Following tables summarize the details of the compounding fine amount for specific crimes. Reference of the Motor Vehicle Act clauses is also given. The Clauses could be that of MVA (Motor Vehicle Act 1988), CMVR (Central Motor Vehicle Rules 1989), MMVR (Maharashtra Motor Vehicle Rules 1989). RRR means Rules of the Road Regulations, 1989, which is actually an Appendix VI of CMVR, 1989. Where only the number is given, it is a clause from MVA. Else the reference is explicitly given (e.g. CMVR or MMVR or RRR) 9.1 Fine amounts for breaking Documents related rules

S/N Details Compounding Fine amount

Motor Vehicle Act 1988 clause

1 Not carrying the license while driving (Failing to show the License)

Rs. 100 130,177

2 Driving without holding an effective License

Rs. 300 3 (1), 181

3 Underage person driving a vehicle of capacity exceeding 50 cc

Rs. 300 4, 181

4 Giving vehicle to other person who doesn’t have license

Rs. 300 5, 180

5 Driving or giving out for use uninsured vehicle

Rs. 300 - driver & Rs. 300 - person who allows driver

146, 196

6 Driving or giving out for use unregistered vehicle

Rs.1000 each driver & who allows driving

39 / 192

7 Obtain license without being eligible Rs. 200 182 (1) 8 Not keeping documents as required by

the Law in the vehicle e. RC (registration

certificate) f. TC (taxation

certificate), g. Insurance h. PUC certificate

Rs. 100 See Note1 below. MVA section 130 / RRR clause 32




Note1: In addition to the above documents, Transport vehicle drivers must also have Transport permit and Fitness certificate for the vehicle. Also, the driver must carry the Original driving license, i.e. copy of driving license is not acceptable. For other documents, carrying attested copies is acceptable. However, if a Police officer demands, the driver must be able to show the originals within 15 days. 9.2 Fine amounts for breaking rules related to Driving

S/N Details Compounding Fine amount (Rs.)


1 Speeding / Lane cutting 200 112, 183 2 Driving recklessly & dangerously 500 184 3 Not giving side for overtaking 100 177, RRR 7 4 Overtaking dangerously 100 177, RRR 6(A) 5 Not stopping the vehicle before the

Stop Line at the traffic junction 100 177, RRR 19

6 Breaking traffic signals & signs e.g. Red Signal, No Entry, No U turn or No Right turn etc.

100 177, 119

7 Not stopping by ignoring the policeman in uniform.

200 132(1) a, 179

8 Carrying passenger on footboard. Carrying things / persons obstructing driver

100 177, 123

9 Using head light / Dazzling light / Not having Light

100 177, MMVR 235 177, CMVR 105

10 Use Blaring Horn 100 177, MMVR 231 11 Negligence while reversing the

vehicle 100 177, 233

13 Offence under emission control act 500 to 1000 MVA 190 (2) CMVR 115

14 Using mobile phone while driving 100 & 500 250(a)/177 **check**

15 Driver not carrying out the duties, in the event of accident and injury to person/s.

Non compoundable MVA 134, MVA 187 ** See Note 1

** Note 1: Taking injured person to the hospital to get treatment, report the event at police station within 24 hours from accident and as required giving the vehicle certificates to a Police officer. 9.3 Fine amounts for breaking rules regarding parking / stopping



1 Stopping vehicle on road & obstructing 100 15 (2) / 177




traffic 2 Stopping vehicle within 15 meters from

corner 100 15 (2) / 177

3 Stopping vehicle within 50 meters from traffic signals junction

4 Stopping vehicle within 100 meters from Bus stop

100 15 (2) (8) / 177

5 Stopping vehicle on footpath 100 237 (1) / 177 6 Stopping vehicle on bridge 100 15 (2) / 177 7 Stopping vehicle at any place where

parking is not allowed 100 119/177

8 Stopping vehicles on turn 100 119/177 9 Stopping vehicle in such a way as to

obstruct traffic 100 122/177

9.4 Fine amounts for breaking Vehicle condition related rules



1 Not renewing registration when the vehicle is **** for more than 1 year

100 47 /177

2 Vehicle having no wipers 100 101-cmvr/177 3 Putting dark tinted glasses / Sun films.

(Front & rear glasses should have 70% transparency. Side glasses can have 50% transparency

100 100-cmvr/177

4 Installing multi-toned or shrill horn 500 119-cmvr 190(2)

5 High sound due to Silencer 500 120-cmvr 190(2)

6 Vehicle emitting high smoke 500 115-cmvr 190(2)

7 False / improper number plate 100 177, CMVR 50,51




Annexure A: About Save Pune Traffic Movement You are currently here

We are currently stuck in a Mess

We are also stuck in Blame passing vicious circle

What is Good, But Not Good enough! ?? Drives for a tighter traffic control for

limited period.

?? Isolated improvements such as in Roads, Signals etc.

?? Great ideas or plans suggested to

authorities.

What we need ?? Stop blame passing game between

Citizens, Police, PMC, … ?? Long term Vision for the city

?? Transform present negative

atmosphere to positive one

Dear Puneite, if you consider yourself to be a conscious and responsible citizen, you can contribute to this transformation through a small action!

As individual, each one may be powerless, but if we unite we can create a

positive force for transforming our beloved Pune.

But our action should be positive, unconditional and 100%.

What can we do?? Read on ?

Who is responsible??? Who is responsible???




We take up this 100% commitment and express it with pride on vehicle:

What does the sticker achieve?

?? It is a reminder to us and makes us remain committed 100%. No excuses. ?? It becomes the instrument of networking & spreading the idea to the others. ?? A visible, committed & unconditional positive action has a power. It will add up

as the Movement grows.

Remember: It is NOT a free sticker. We want citizens to take up 100% commitment after giving a complete thought. (Information at the end, about availability)

All it needs is an Open mind and a little courage to stand for the Good.

Remember, Following Rules is only the means, not the end!!

Complete transformation is our Goal. We will make the authorities support our Movement, by removing their own shortcomings. The Movement will force development of Vision & put the city on a sure track towards it.

Specific Projects under the Movement: ??Chakra: To take up Movement at organizational level. Wipro, KPIT, Veritas have taken it up.

You can implement it in your organization. It doesn’t cost anything. ??Kavach: To create our citizens of tomorrow, who have imbibed safe and responsible behavior

and who will always take pride in it. ????BeaconNet: Virtual network of eminent citizens of Pune. Many eminent citizens such as Dr.

Vijay Bhatkar, Dr.Vasant Gowarikar, Mrs.Lila Poonawalla, Dr.S.B. Mujumdar, Mr.Ravi Pandit have blessed the Movement.

????RiverNet: Networking social organizations for Movement. Nagrik Chetna Manch, Rotary Club of Pune Kothrud have supported the Movement.

????BeaconNet +: Virtual Network of Doctors who are supporting the Movement. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

It’s a transformation to be driven by all of us. Come let’s do it.

I am proud to follow traffic rules.www.savepunetraffic.com

I am proud to follow traffic rules.www.savepunetraffic.com




Associated Projects of Save Pune Traffic Movement

Kavach This project aims at transforming the school community. Today the students imbibe the bad habits and irresponsible behavior, unfortunately by looking at the elders on the road. This makes them vulnerable and some become victims of the road accidents every year. Mission of this project is to transform the students, so that they are not only aware about the traffic rules, but they take pride in the responsible behavior. It will essentially give a Kavach (Shield) of the internal commitment and responsibility to the young ones. Chakra This project aims at transforming the communities of various organizations. Awareness can be created in employees / members about how their commitment and conscious behavior can make difference to the city in the long run. Organizations can also create awareness and declare their support to the movement in public and thus indicate their commitment and support to the betterment of the city life. Beacon-Net This project aims at getting all eminent people of Pune from various walks of life into the movement. They can be highly acclaimed social workers, industry leaders, writers, poets and professionals from different walks of life, who are respected by citizen for their work. They are like beacons i.e. sources of inspiration for many. Their joining the movement and spreading it through their normal contacts would really catalyze the movement. Beacon-Net+ This is a network of Doctors of Pune, who have joined the Movement and ready to spread the Movement in their circle of patients and fellow doctors. We provide a kit to the member of BeaconNet+ that contains a colored banner and Movement pamphlets, which are to be kept in the clinic. Thus the idea spreads to the patients. Doctor can put in the positive thought to patients or fellow doctors, whenever it is convenient and possible. This is supported by IMA and Dr.K.H.Sancheti is the president of this network. Project River-Net This project is aimed at tapping the power of various social organizations like Rotary, Lions, and NGOs working for social causes. These organizations are already doing great work in many areas. While they are in contact with different sections of the society for their existing projects, they may be able to easily spread the Save Pune Traffic Movement also. For details contact [email protected] or visit www.savepunetraffic.com




Annexure B: Traffic Signs and their meanings

This Annexure provides the meanings of the traffic signboards as well as the meanings of the signs on the roads. These are of 3 types: 1) Mandatory or Regulatory 2) Cautionary 3) Informatory B-1] Mandatory i.e. Regulatory signs These are mostly circular in shape. These signs MUST be obeyed at all times.

Straight prohibited One Way Signs (Prohibited in one direction) i.e. No Entry

Prohibited in Both directions Yield (i.e. give road to other traffic)

STOP Right Turn Left Turn

Prohibited Prohibited




U Turn Overtaking Horn Prohibited Prohibited Prohibited

No Parking Not to Stop All Motor vehicles Prohibited

Trucks Prohibited Pedestrians Prohibited Restriction Ends

Compulsory Left turn Compulsory Ahead Compulsory Right turn




Compulsory Keep Left Compulsory Horn Speed Limit

Height Limit Width Limit Load Limit B-2] Cautionary signs These are triangular in shape. These signs give you an advance warning about the road ahead, so that you can be prepared.

Right hair-pin bend Left hair-pin bend Y Intersection

Right Reverse bend Left Reverse bend Small Road on Right side

5050

3.5 m3.5 m 2m2m 5T

5T




Small Road on Left side Speed breaker ahead Hump or uneven road ahead

Narrow Road ahead Road widens ahead Bridge ahead

Pedestrian crossing Bicycle track ahead School ahead

Traffic island or Steep descent Steep ascent Round-about




B-3] Information signs These are rectangular in shape. These signs give you information, mostly about various facilities available on the roadsides, so that if you need you can avail of those. Examples are petrol pump, restaurants, parking, resting places, hospitals and so on.

Telephone Petrol pump Refreshments

Restaurant Resting place First Aid

Hospital Parking

1 Km.1 Km.

1 Km.1 Km.

PP




Annexure C: Typical Stopping distances at different speeds This chart provides typical stopping distances of vehicles at different speeds. First part is the Thinking distance and Second part is Braking distance. Meanings of these two are given below the separator line. 32 kmph = 12 meters (approx 3 Car lengths) 6 mtr 6 mtr 48 kmph = 23 meters (approx 6 Car lengths) 9 mtr 14 mtr 64 kmph =36meters 12 mtr 24 mtr (approx 9 Car lengths) 80 kmph =53meters 15 mtr 38 mtrs (approx 13 Car lengths) Thinking distance: The vehicle covers this in the time you decide to apply brake. Braking distance: The vehicle covers this to come to halt. Notes:

1. The braking distances will be more when it is raining and roads are wet. 2. Thinking distance could be more during the night, since it is harder to notice change in

condition of the vehicle ahead or some object or a pedestrian trying to cross the road. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Source: The Highway code, published by London Stationary Office (http://www.dsa.gov.uk & The Stationery Office.com) (Speeds in the original chart are in mps (miles per hr: 20, 30, 40 and 50 miles per hour).




References

1. Motor Vehicles Laws by Gupte & Dighe, 2002, 5th Edition 2. http://morth.nic.in/mvleindch8.htm 3. Information on Traffic page of www.punepolice.com 4. Driver manual by Dr.P.S.Pasricha 5. California Driver Handbook 6. California DMV site http://www.dmv.ca.gov/pubs/vctop/vcpdftoc.htm 7. The Highway Code (Traffic rules Guide in UK) 8. The traffic signs page at www.mahapwd.com And several other Internet Sites.