Traditional Medicine about herbs

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Traditional medicine

Fact sheet N134December 2008

Key facts

In some Asian and African countries, 80% of the popuation depend ontraditiona medicine for primar! heath care"

#erba medicines are the most ucrati$e form of traditiona medicine,eneratin biions of doars in re$enue"

&raditiona medicine can treat $arious infectious and chronic conditions' ne(

antimaaria drus (ere de$eoped from the disco$er! and isoation ofartemisinin fromArtemisia annua)", a pant used in *hina for amost 2000!ears"

*ounterfeit, poor +uait!, or aduterated herba products in internationamarets are serious patient safet! threats"

-ore than 100 countries ha$e reuations for herba medicines"

&raditiona medicine is the sum tota of no(ede, sis and practices based on the

theories, beiefs and e.periences indienous to different cutures that are used tomaintain heath, as (e as to pre$ent, dianose, impro$e or treat ph!sica and mentainesses"

&raditiona medicine that has been adopted b! other popuations /outside itsindienous cuture is often termed aternati$e or compementar! medicine"

#erba medicines incude herbs, herba materias, herba preparations, and finishedherba products that contain parts of pants or other pant materias as acti$einredients"

Who uses traditional medicine?

In some Asian and African countries, 80% of the popuation depend on traditionamedicine for primar! heath care"

In man! de$eoped countries, 0% to 80% of the popuation has used some form ofaternati$e or compementar! medicine /e"" acupuncture"


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#erba treatments are the most popuar form of traditiona medicine, and are hih!ucrati$e in the internationa maretpace" Annua re$enues in estern uropereached 56 7 biion in 20032004" In *hina saes of products totaed 56 14 biionin 2007" #erba medicine re$enue in 9ra:i (as 56 1;0 miion in 200"

Challenges

&raditiona medicine has been used in some communities for thousands of !ears" Astraditiona medicine practices are adopted b! ne( popuations there are chaenes"

International diversity:&raditiona medicine practices ha$e been adopted indifferent cutures and reions (ithout the parae ad$ance of internationa standardsand methods for e$auation"

National policy and regulation:Not man! countries ha$e nationa poicies for

traditiona medicine"


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medicines and practices can cause harmfu, ad$erse reactions if the product or therap!is of poor +uait!, or it is taen inappropriate! or in con>unction (ith other medicines"Increased patient a(areness about safe usae is important, as (e as more trainin,coaboration and communication amon pro$iders of traditiona and other medicines"

W#$ response

#? and its -ember 5tates cooperate to promote the use of traditiona medicine forheath care" &he coaboration aims to'

support and interate traditiona medicine into nationa heath s!stems incombination (ith nationa poic! and reuation for products, practices and

pro$iders to ensure safet! and +uait!@ ensure the use of safe, effecti$e and +uait! products and practices, based on

a$aiabe e$idence@

acno(ede traditiona medicine as part of primar! heath care, to increaseaccess to care and preser$e no(ede and resources@ and

ensure patient safet! b! upradin the sis and no(ede of traditionamedicine pro$iders"

List of plants used in herbalismFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

TheChelsea Physic Gardenhas cultivated medicinal plants since 16!" The plant sho#n here ismontbretia$crocosmia aurea%, used as a

remedy fordysentery"

This is a list of plants that have been used as herbal medicine"

Plants have the ability to synthesi&e a #ide variety of chemical compounds that are used to perform important

biolo'ical functions, and to defend a'ainst attack from predators such as insects, fun'i and herbivorous
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chelsea_Physic_Gardenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chelsea_Physic_Gardenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montbretiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montbretiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montbretiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dysenteryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dysenteryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dysenteryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbal_medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Crocosmia_Aurea_at_Chelsea_Physic_Garden_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1429573.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Crocosmia_Aurea_at_Chelsea_Physic_Garden_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1429573.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chelsea_Physic_Gardenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montbretiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dysenteryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbal_medicine


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mammals" (any of these phytochemicalshave beneficial effects on lon')term health #hen consumed by

humans, and can be used to effectively treat human diseases" *t least 1+, such compounds have been

isolated so far- a number estimated to be less than 1. of the total" /10/+0These phytochemicalsare divided into

$1%primary metabolitessuch assu'arsandfats,#hich are found in all plants- and $+%secondary metabolites

compounds #hich are found in a smaller ran'e of plants, servin' a more specific function" /!0For e2ample, some

secondary metabolites are to2insused todeter predationand others are pheromonesused to attract insects

for pollination" 3t is these secondary metabolites and pi'ments that can have therapeutic actions in humans and

#hich can be refined to produce dru's4e2amples areinulinfrom the roots of dahlias,5uininefrom

the cinchona,morphineand codeinefrom thepoppy,and di'o2infrom thefo2'love"/!0Chemical compounds in

plants mediate their effects on the human body throu'h processes identical to those already #ell understood

for the chemical compounds in conventional dru's- thus herbal medicines do not differ 'reatly from

conventional dru's in terms of ho# they #ork" This enables herbal medicines to be as effective as conventional

medicines, but also 'ives them the same potential to cause harmful side effects"

/10/+0

(ost cultures have a tradition of usin' plants medicinally" 3n urope,apothecariesstocked herbal in'redients

for their medicines" 3n theLatin names for plantscreated by Linnaeus,the #ord officinalisindicates that a plant

#as used in this #ay" For e2ample, themarsh mallo#has the classificationAlthaea officinalis, as it #as

traditionally used as an emollientto sootheulcers"/70*yurvedic medicine,herbal medicineandtraditional

Chinese medicineare other e2amples of medical practices that incorporate medical uses of

plants"Pharmaco'nosyis the branch of modern medicine about medicines from plant sources" Plants included

here are those that have been or are bein' used medicinally, in at least one such medicinal tradition"

(odern medicineno# tends to use the active in'redients of plants rather than the #hole plants"

The phytochemicalsmay be synthesi&ed, compounded or other#ise transformed to make pharmaceuticals"

2amples of such derivatives include8i'o2in,fromdi'italis-capsaicine,fromchili- andaspirin,#hich is

chemically related to the salicylic acidfound in #hite #illo#" The opium poppy continues to be a ma9or industrial

source of opiates, includin' morphine"Fe# traditional remedies, ho#ever, have translated into modern dru's,

althou'h there is continuin' research into the efficacy and possible adaptation of traditional herbal treatments"

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytochemicalshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytochemicalshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-tapsell-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-lai-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-lai-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytochemicalshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_metaboliteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_metaboliteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_metaboliteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sugarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sugarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondary_metaboliteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondary_metaboliteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-meskin-2002-p123-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_defense_against_herbivoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_defense_against_herbivoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_defense_against_herbivoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pheromonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pollinationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inulinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inulinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inulinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dahliahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quininehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quininehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinchonahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codeinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codeinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poppyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poppyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poppyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digoxinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digoxinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digitalishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digitalishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-meskin-2002-p123-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-meskin-2002-p123-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-tapsell-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-lai-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apothecaryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apothecaryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binomial_nomenclaturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binomial_nomenclaturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linnaeushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linnaeushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Officinalishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Althaea_officinalishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Althaea_officinalishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emollienthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulcerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulcerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-haubrich-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-haubrich-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-haubrich-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayurvedahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayurvedahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbalismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacognosyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern_medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytochemicalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytochemicalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmaceuticalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmaceuticalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digoxinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digoxinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digoxinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digitalishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digitalishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsaicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsaicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsaicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsicumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsicumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspirinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspirinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspirinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salicylic_acidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_willowhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Aloe_Vera.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytochemicalshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-tapsell-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-lai-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytochemicalshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_metaboliteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sugarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondary_metaboliteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-meskin-2002-p123-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_defense_against_herbivoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pheromonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pollinationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inulinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dahliahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quininehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinchonahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codeinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poppyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digoxinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digitalishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-meskin-2002-p123-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-tapsell-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-lai-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apothecaryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binomial_nomenclaturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linnaeushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Officinalishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Althaea_officinalishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emollienthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulcerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-haubrich-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayurvedahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbalismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacognosyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern_medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytochemicalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmaceuticalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digoxinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digitalishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsaicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsicumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspirinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salicylic_acidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_willowhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=1


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*loe vera

*:ai $Euterpe oleracea% *lthou'h a:ai berries are a lon'standin' food source for indi'enous people of

the*ma&on, there is no evidence that they have historically served a medicinal, as opposed

to nutritionalrole" 3n spite of their recent popularity in the ;nited


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@itter oran'e $Citrus aurantium% used intraditional Chinese medicineand by indi'enous peoples of

the*ma&onfornausea,indi'estionand constipation"/+!0

@lack cohosh $Actaea racemosa%historically used for arthritisandmuscle pain, used more recently for

conditions related tomenopauseand menstruation"

/+70

@lessed thistle $Cnicus benedictus% #as used durin' the(iddle *'esto treatbubonic pla'ue" 3n

modern times, tisanesmade from blessed thistle are used for loss of appetite,indi'estionand other

purposes"/+=0

@lueberries $'enusVaccinium%are of current medical interest as anantio2idant/+60 /+0 and forurinary

tractailments/+>0

@urdock $Arctium lappa% has been used traditionally as a diureticand to lo#er blood su'ar/+?0and,

intraditional Chinese medicineas a treatment for sore throat and symptoms of the common cold"/!0

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Chili peppers

Cats cla# $Uncaria tomentosa% has a lon' history of use in


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Chamomille $Matricaria recutitaandAnthemis nobilis% used over thousands of years for a variety of

conditions, includin' sleeplessness, an2iety, and 'astrointestinal conditions such asupset stomach,'as,

and diarrhea"/!60

Chaparral $!arrea tridentata%leaves and t#i's are used byAative *mericansto make atisaneused fora variety of conditions, includin'arthritis, cancerand a number of others" 0

Chasteberry $Vite" agnus#castus% used over thousands of years for menstrual problems, and to

stimulate lactation"/!?0

Chili $Capsicum frutescens%s active in'redient, capsaicine, is the basic of commercial pain)relief

ointments in Western medicine" The lo# incidence of heart attackin Thais has been sho#n to be related to

capsaicinesfibronolytic action$dissolvin' blood clots%"/70

Cinchona is a'enusof about !> speciesof trees #hose bark is a source ofalkaloids,

includin'5uinine" 3ts use as afebrifu'e#as first populari&ed in the 1th century by PeruvianDesuits"/710

Clove $Sy$ygium aromaticum% is used for upset stomach and as an e2pectorant,amon' other

purposes" Theoilis used topically to treat toothache"/7+0

Coffee senna $Cassia occidentalis% is used in a #ide variety of roles in traditional medicine, includin' in

particular as a broad)spectrum internal and e2ternal antimicrobial, for liver disorders, for intestinal #orms

and other parasites and as an immune)system stimulant"/7!0/770

Comfrey $Symphytum officinale% has been used as avulneraryand to reduce inflammation"/7=03t #as

also used internally in the past, for stomach and other ailments, but its to2icity has led a number of other

countries, includin' Canada, @ra&il, *ustralia, and the ;nited Ein'dom, to severely restrict or ban the use

of comfrey"/760

Cranberry $Vaccinium macrocarpon% used historically as avulneraryand for urinary

disorders,diarrhea,diabetes, stomach ailments, andliver problems" (odern usa'e has concentrated

onurinary tractrelated problems"/70
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chamomillehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matricaria_recutitahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matricaria_recutitahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthemis_nobilishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthemis_nobilishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upset_stomachhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upset_stomachhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upset_stomachhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diarrheahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-36http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-36http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaparralhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaparralhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larrea_tridentatahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larrea_tridentatahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larrea_tridentatahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tisanehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tisanehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthritishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthritishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney_failurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_and_Drug_Administrationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_and_Drug_Administrationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Cancer_Societyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Cancer_Societyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Cancer_Societyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-37http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-38http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chasteberryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitex_agnus-castushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitex_agnus-castushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-39http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsicumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsicumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsicum_frutescenshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsaicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_attackhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_attackhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibrinolysishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibrinolysishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-40http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinchonahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkaloidshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkaloidshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkaloidshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quininehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quininehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Febrifugehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Febrifugehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peruhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peruhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesuitshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-41http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-41http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clovehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syzygium_aromaticumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expectoranthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expectoranthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clove_oilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clove_oilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toothachehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toothachehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-42http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coffee_sennahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cassia_occidentalishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-43http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-44http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comfreyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symphytum_officinalehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulneraryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulneraryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulneraryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inflammationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-45http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-45http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-46http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cranberryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccinium_macrocarponhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulneraryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulneraryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diarrheahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diarrheahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diarrheahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabeteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver_diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver_diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urinary_tracthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urinary_tracthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-47http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-47http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chamomillehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matricaria_recutitahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthemis_nobilishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upset_stomachhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diarrheahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-36http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaparralhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larrea_tridentatahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tisanehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthritishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney_failurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_and_Drug_Administrationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Cancer_Societyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-37http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-38http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chasteberryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitex_agnus-castushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-39http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsicumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsicum_frutescenshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsaicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_attackhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibrinolysishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-40http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinchonahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkaloidshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quininehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Febrifugehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peruhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesuitshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-41http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clovehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syzygium_aromaticumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expectoranthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clove_oilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toothachehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-42http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coffee_sennahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cassia_occidentalishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-43http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-44http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comfreyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symphytum_officinalehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulneraryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inflammationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-45http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-46http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cranberryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccinium_macrocarponhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulneraryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diarrheahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabeteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver_diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urinary_tracthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-47


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D[edit source| editbeta]

8andelion flo#er

8andelion $%ara"acum officinale%#as most commonly used historically to treatliver diseases, kidney

diseases, andspleenproblems/7>0

8i'italis $&igitalis lanata%, or fo2'love, came into use in treatin'cardiac diseasein late 1>th century

n'land in spite of its hi'h to2icity"a3ts use has been almost entirely replaced by the pharmaceutical

derivative8i'o2in,#hich has a shorter half)life in the body, and #hose to2icity is therefore more easily

mana'ed"/7?08i'o2in is used as anantiarrhythmic a'entand inotrope/=0

8on' 5uai $Angelica sinensis% has been used for thousands of years in *sia, primarily in #omens

health"/=10

E[edit source| editbeta]

lderberry $Sambucus nigra%berries and leaves have traditionally been used to

treat pain, s#ellin',infections,cou'hs,and skin conditionsand, more recently, flu,common

cold, fevers, constipation, and sinus infections"/=+0

phedra $Ephedra sinica% has been used for more than =, years in traditional Chinese

medicineforrespiratory ailments"/=!0Products containin' ephedra for #ei'ht loss, ener'y and athletic

performance, particularly those also containin'caffeine, have been linked to stroke, heartarrhythmia,and

even death"


9/25

uropean (istletoe $Viscum album%has been used to treat sei&ures, headaches, and other conditions"

/=0

venin' primrose $'enotheraspp"% oilhas been used since the 1?!s for ec&ema,and more recently

as an anti)inflammatory

/=>0

F[edit source| editbeta]

Fenu'reek $%rigonella foenum#graecum% has lon' been used to treat symptoms ofmenopause, and

di'estive ailments" (ore recently, it has been used to treatdiabetes,loss of appetiteand other

conditions/=?0

Feverfe# $%anacetum parthenium% has been used for centuries for fevers,headaches, stomach

aches, toothaches,insect bitesand other conditions"/60

Fla2seed $!inum usitatissimum% is most commonly used as a la2ative"Fla2seed oilis used for different

conditions, includin'arthritis /610

G[edit source| editbeta]

Garlic bulbs

Garlic $Allium sativum% #idely used as an antibiotic /6+0 /6!0 /670 /6=0 and, more recently, for

treatin'cardiovascular disease /660 /60

Gin'er $(ingiber officinale% is used to relievenausea/6>0

Gin'ko $)ing*o biloba% leaf e2tract has been used to treat asthma,bronchitis,fati'ue, and tinnitus/6?0

Ginsen' $+ana" ginsengand+ana" quinquefolius% has been used medicinally, in particular in *sia, for

over +, years, and is #idely used in modern society"/0
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Mistletoehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viscum_albumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viscum_albumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-57http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evening_primrosehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oenotherahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evening_primrose_oilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eczemahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eczemahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-inflammatoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-inflammatoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-58http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-58http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&action=edit&section=6http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=6http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=6http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=6http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenugreekhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trigonella_foenum-graecumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menopausehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menopausehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabeteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabeteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabeteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loss_of_appetitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-59http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanacetum_partheniumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanacetum_partheniumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Headachehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Headachehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stomach_achehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stomach_achehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toothachehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toothachehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insect_bitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insect_bitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-60http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flaxseedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linum_usitatissimumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laxativehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flaxseed_oilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flaxseed_oilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthritishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthritishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-61http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-61http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&action=edit&section=7http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=7http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=7http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=7http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garlichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allium_sativumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allium_sativumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibiotichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibiotichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-62http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibiotichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-62http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-cai2007-63http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-62http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-cai2007-63http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-64http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-64http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-64http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-65http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-65http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiovascular_diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiovascular_diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiovascular_diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-66http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiovascular_diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-66http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-67http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-66http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gingerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zingiber_officinalehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nauseahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nauseahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nauseahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-68http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-68http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gingkohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gingko_bilobahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asthmahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asthmahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronchitishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronchitishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronchitishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatigue_(medical)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatigue_(medical)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinnitushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinnitushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-69http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-69http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ginsenghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panax_ginsenghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panax_quinquefoliushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panax_quinquefoliushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-70http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:GarlicBasket.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:GarlicBasket.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Mistletoehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viscum_albumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-57http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evening_primrosehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oenotherahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evening_primrose_oilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eczemahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-inflammatoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-58http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&action=edit&section=6http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenugreekhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trigonella_foenum-graecumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menopausehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabeteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loss_of_appetitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-59http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanacetum_partheniumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanacetum_partheniumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Headachehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stomach_achehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stomach_achehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toothachehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insect_bitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-60http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flaxseedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linum_usitatissimumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laxativehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flaxseed_oilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthritishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-61http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&action=edit&section=7http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garlichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allium_sativumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibiotichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-62http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-cai2007-63http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-64http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-65http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiovascular_diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-66http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-67http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gingerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zingiber_officinalehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nauseahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-68http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gingkohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gingko_bilobahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asthmahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronchitishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatigue_(medical)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinnitushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-69http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ginsenghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panax_ginsenghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panax_quinquefoliushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-70


10/25

Goldenseal $,ydrastis canadensis%#as used traditionally by Aative *mericansto treatskin diseases,

ulcers, and'onorrhea" (ore recently, the herb has been usedrespiratory tractand a number of

otherinfections/10

Grape $Vitis vinifera% leaves and fruit have been used medicinally since the ancient Greeks"

/+0

Guava $+sidium gua-ava% has a rich history of use in traditional medicine" 3t is traditionally used to treat

diarrhea- ho#ever, evidence of its effectiveness is very limited"/!0/70

H[edit source| editbeta]

a#thorn $specifically Crataegus monogynaand Crataegus laevigata% fruit has been used since the

first century for heart disease" ther uses include di'estive andkidney problems"/=0

oodia $,oodia gordonii% is traditionally used byEalahari@ushmento reduce hun'erand thirst"3t is

currently marketed as anappetite suppressant"/60

orse chestnut $Aesculus hippocastanum%seeds, leaves, bark, and flo#ers have been used

medicinally for many centuries" The ra# plant materials are to2ic unless processed" /0

orsetail $Equisetum arvense% dates back to ancient Homanand Greekmedicine, #hen it #as used to

stop bleedin', healulcersand #ounds, and treat tuberculosisandkidney problems"/>0

J[edit source| editbeta]

Damaica do'#ood $+iscidia erythrinaor+iscidia piscipula% is used in traditional medicine for the

treatment ofinsomniaand an2iety, despite serious safety concerns"/?0* +6 study su''ested medicinal

potential"/>0

[edit source| editbeta]

Eava $+iper methysticum% has been used for centuries in the60
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goldensealhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goldensealhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrastis_canadensishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrastis_canadensishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skin_diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonorrheahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonorrheahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_tract_infectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_tract_infectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_tract_infectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-71http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-71http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grapehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitis_viniferahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greecehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-72http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-72http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guavahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psidium_guajavahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-73http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-74http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&action=edit&section=8http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=8http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=8http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=8http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crataegushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crataegus_monogynahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crataegus_laevigatahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney_diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney_diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-75http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-75http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoodiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoodia_gordoniihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalaharihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalaharihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalaharihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bushmenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thirsthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thirsthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appetite_suppressanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-76http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-76http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_chestnuthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_chestnuthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aesculus_hippocastanumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aesculus_hippocastanumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-77http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horsetailhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horsetailhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equisetum_arvensehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Romehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greecehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bleedinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulcerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulcerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberculosishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberculosishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney_diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney_diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-78http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-78http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&action=edit&section=9http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=9http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=9http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=9http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaica_dogwoodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piscidia_erythrinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piscidia_piscipulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piscidia_piscipulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insomniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insomniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anxietyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-79http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&action=edit&section=10http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=10http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=10http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=10http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kavahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piper_methysticumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedativehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedativehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anesthetichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anesthetichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soporifichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soporifichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asthmahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asthmahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asthmahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-81http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphetaminehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphetaminehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cathinonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konjachttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amorphophallus_konjachttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucomannanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucomannanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-82http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-82http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-83http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obesityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obesityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-84http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-84http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-84http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constipationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constipationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-85http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-86http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goldensealhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrastis_canadensishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skin_diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonorrheahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_tract_infectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-71http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grapehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitis_viniferahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greecehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-72http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guavahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psidium_guajavahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-73http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-74http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&action=edit&section=8http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crataegushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crataegus_monogynahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crataegus_laevigatahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney_diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-75http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoodiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoodia_gordoniihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalaharihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bushmenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thirsthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appetite_suppressanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-76http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_chestnuthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aesculus_hippocastanumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-77http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horsetailhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equisetum_arvensehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Romehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greecehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bleedinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulcerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuberculosishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney_diseasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-78http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&action=edit&section=9http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaica_dogwoodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piscidia_erythrinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piscidia_piscipulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insomniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anxietyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-79http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&action=edit&section=10http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kavahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piper_methysticumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedativehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anesthetichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soporifichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asthmahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-81http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphetaminehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cathinonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konjachttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amorphophallus_konjachttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucomannanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-82http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-83http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obesityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-84http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constipationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-85http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-86


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Eratom $Mitragyna speciosa%Eratom is kno#n to prevent or delay #ithdra#al symptoms in an opiate

dependent individual, and it is often used to miti'ate cravin's thereafter" 3t can also be used for other

medicinal purposes" Eratom has been traditionally used in re'ions such as (alaysia, Thailand, and

3ndonesia"

Eanna $Sceletium tortuosum% *frican treatment for depression" 0

Lemon $Citrus limon%, alon' #ith othercitruses, has a lon' history of use in Chineseand3ndian

traditional medicine"/>>03n contemporary use, honey and lemon is common for treatin' cou'hs and sore

throat"

Licorice root $)lycyrrhi$a glabra% has a lon' history of medicinal usa'e in astern and Western

medicine" ;ses includestomach ulcers,bronchitis,andsore throat, as #ell asinfectionscaused byviruses,

such ashepatitis"/>?0

"[edit source| editbeta]

(ari'old $Calendula officinalis%, or calendula, has a lon' history of use in treatin' #ounds and

soothin' skin/?0

(arsh mallo# $Althaea officinalis% has been used for over +, years as both a food and a medicine /70

(orin'a oleifera is used for food and traditional medicine" 3t is under'oin' preliminary research to

investi'ate potential properties of its nutrients and phytochemicals
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kratomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitragyna_speciosahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitragyna_speciosahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sceletium_tortuosumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&action=edit&section=11http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=11http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=11http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=11http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lavenderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lavandula_angustifoliahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mental_healthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mental_healthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Egypthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Egypthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mummyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mummyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-87http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lemonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrus_limonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayurvedahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayurvedahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-88http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Licorice_roothttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Licorice_roothttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycyrrhiza_glabrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycyrrhiza_glabrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stomach_ulcerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stomach_ulcerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stomach_ulcerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronchitishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronchitishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sore_throathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sore_throathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatitishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatitishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-89http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&action=edit&section=12http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=12http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=12http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=12http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendula_officinalishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendula_officinalishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-90http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Althaea_officinalishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-haubrich-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moringa_oleiferahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lavender.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lavender.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kratomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitragyna_speciosahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sceletium_tortuosumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&action=edit&section=11http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lavenderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lavandula_angustifoliahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mental_healthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mental_healthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Egypthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mummyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-87http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lemonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrus_limonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayurvedahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayurvedahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-88http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Licorice_roothttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycyrrhiza_glabrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stomach_ulcerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronchitishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sore_throathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infectionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatitishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-89http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&action=edit&section=12http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendula_officinalishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendula_officinalishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-90http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Althaea_officinalishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-haubrich-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moringa_oleifera


12/25

(orin'aplantinGarden

(ilk thistle $Silybum marianum% has been used for thousands of years for a variety of medicinal

purposes, in particularliver problems"/?10

#[edit source| editbeta]

Aeem $A$adirachta indica%, used in 3ndia to treat #orms,malaria,rheumatismand skin

infectionsamon' many other thin's" 3ts many uses have led to neem bein' called Bthe villa'e dispensaryB

in 3ndia"/?+0

Aoni $Morinda citrifolia% has a history of use as for 9oint pain and skin conditions"/?!0

$[edit source| editbeta]

pium Poppy $+apaver somniferum% is the plant source of morphine, used for painrelief" (orphine

made from the refined and modified sap is used for pain control in terminal patients" 8ried sap #as used

as a traditional medicine until the 1?th century"/citation needed0

re'ano $'riganum vulgare% ;sed as an abortifacient in folk medicine in some parts of @olivia and

other north #estern


13/25

%[edit source| editbeta]

Purple coneflo#ers

Papaya $Carica papaya%is used for treatin' #ounds"

/?70

Peppermint $Mentha " piperita%oil, from a cross bet#een#ater mintandspearmint, has a history of

medicinal use for a variety of conditions, includin' nausea,indi'estion, and symptoms of the common

cold"/?=0

Purple coneflo#er $Echinacea purpurea% and other species of Echinaceahas been used for at least

7 years byAative *mericansto treatinfectionsand #ounds, and as a 'eneral Bcure)allB $panacea%" 3t is

currently used for symptoms associated #ith coldandflu /?60 /?0

Passion Flo#er $+assiflora% ) Thou'ht to have *nti)depressant properties" ;nkno#n (*" ;sed intraditional medicine to aid #ith sleep or depression"

&[edit source| editbeta]

Hed clover $%rifolium pratense%is an in'redient in some recipes for essiactea" Hesearch has found no

benefit for any human health conditions"/?>0

Hosemary $.osmarinus officinalis% has been used medicinally from ancient times"

'[edit source| editbeta]


14/25

0

Turmeric $Curcuma longa%, a spice that lends its distinctive yello# color to 3ndian curries, has lon'

been used in*yurvedicandtraditional Chinese medicineto aid di'estion and liver function, relieve arthritis

pain, and re'ulate menstruation"/1?0

)[edit source| editbeta]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syrian_Ruehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harmalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peganum_harmalahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banisteriopsis_caapihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._John's_worthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._John's_worthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypericum_perforatumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antidepressanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-101http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-102http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-103http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saw_palmettohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serenoa_repenshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seminolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seminolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-104http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seminolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&action=edit&section=18http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=18http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=18http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=18http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tea_tree_oilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tea_tree_oilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melaleuca_alternifoliahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibacterialhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibacterialhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antifungal_medicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antifungal_medicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antifungal_medicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-105http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-105http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thunder_God_Vinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tripterygium_wilfordiihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-106http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thymehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thymus_vulgarishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronchitishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronchitishttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Antispasmotic&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Antispasmotic&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Antispasmotic&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expectoranthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expectoranthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-107http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulasihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulasihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocimum_tenuiflorumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocimum_tenuiflorumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-108http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turmerichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curcuma_longahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayurvedahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayurvedahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-109http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-109http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&action=edit&section=19http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=19http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=19http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=19http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Valeriana_officinalis02.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Valeriana_officinalis02.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syrian_Ruehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harmalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peganum_harmalahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banisteriopsis_caapihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._John's_worthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypericum_perforatumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antidepressanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-101http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-102http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-103http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saw_palmettohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serenoa_repenshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seminolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-104http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&action=edit&section=18http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tea_tree_oilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melaleuca_alternifoliahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibacterialhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antifungal_medicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-105http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thunder_God_Vinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tripterygium_wilfordiihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-106http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thymehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thymus_vulgarishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronchitishttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Antispasmotic&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expectoranthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-107http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulasihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocimum_tenuiflorumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-108http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turmerichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curcuma_longahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayurvedahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_note-109http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&action=edit&section=19http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism&veaction=edit&section=19


15/25

Kalerian flo#ers

;mckaloabo, or !"

4. Dump up toMDump up toMa bWilliam


16/25

" Jump upJump up0 BEathalaiB"Tamilnadu"com" February +1!"

>" Jump upJump up0 B*loe KeraB"Aational Center for Complementary and *lternative (edicine"Hetrieved +11)

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?" Jump upJump up0 @ra'a, Pier Carlo- 8al "

1>" Jump upJump up0 B@elladonnaB"Aational 3nstitute of ealth(edlinePlus"Hetrieved +11)1)1"

1?" Jump upJump up0 B@ilberryB"Aational Center for Complementary and *lternative (edicine"Hetrieved +11)

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-7http://tamilnadu.com/herbs/kathalai.htmlhttp://tamilnadu.com/herbs/kathalai.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-8http://nccam.nih.gov/health/aloevera/http://nccam.nih.gov/health/aloevera/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Complementary_and_Alternative_Medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Complementary_and_Alternative_Medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1159%2F000093790http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubMed_Identifierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubMed_Identifierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubMed_Identifierhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16763380http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16763380http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1007%2Fs00296-007-0304-yhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1007%2Fs00296-007-0304-yhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubMed_Identifierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubMed_Identifierhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17318618http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17318618http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-11http://tamilnadu.com/herbs/ashoka.htmlhttp://tamilnadu.com/herbs/ashoka.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-12http://www.pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Euphorbia+hirtahttp://www.pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Euphorbia+hirtahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plants_for_a_Futurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plants_for_a_Futurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-517-35326-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-517-35326-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-517-35326-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-14http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/lifestyle/09/02/10/can-tawa-tawa-cure-denguehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-15http://www.mb.com.ph/node/332200/doh-http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manila_Bulletinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manila_Bulletinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manila_Bulletinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-16http://nccam.nih.gov/health/astragalus/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Complementary_and_Alternative_Medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Complementary_and_Alternative_Medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Complementary_and_Alternative_Medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-17http://www.drugs.com/npp/barberry.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-18http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/natural/531.htmlhttp://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/natural/531.htmlhttp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17/25

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-50http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-50http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-50http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2551512http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2551512http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2551512http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubMed_Centralhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubMed_Centralhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2551512http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2551512http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2551512http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubMed_Identifierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubMed_Identifierhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8555811http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-51http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-51http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-51http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/dong-quai/NS_patient-Dongquaihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-52http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-52http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-52http://nccam.nih.gov/health/euroelder/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Complementary_and_Alternative_Medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Complementary_and_Alternative_Medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Complementary_and_Alternative_Medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-53http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-53http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-53http://www.puritan.com/vf/healthnotes/hn77/hn77_english/Herb/Ephedra.htmhttp://www.puritan.com/vf/healthnotes/hn77/hn77_english/Herb/Ephedra.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sourceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sourceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sourceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-54http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-54http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-54http://ods.od.nih.gov/Health_Information/ephedra.aspxhttp://ods.od.nih.gov/Health_Information/ephedra.aspxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-55http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-55http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-55http://www.puritan.com/vf/healthnotes/hn77/hn77_english/Herb/Eucalyptus.htmhttp://www.puritan.com/vf/healthnotes/hn77/hn77_english/Herb/Eucalyptus.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-56http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-56http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-56http://www.ansci.cornell.edu/plants/medicinal/eucalyp.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornell_Universityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornell_Universityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-57http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-57http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-57http://nccam.nih.gov/health/mistletoe/http://nccam.nih.gov/health/mistletoe/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Complementary_and_Alternative_Medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Complementary_and_Alternative_Medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-58http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-58http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-58http://nccam.nih.gov/health/eveningprimrose/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Complementary_and_Alternative_Medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Complementary_and_Alternative_Medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-59http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-59http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-59http://nccam.nih.gov/health/fenugreek/http://nccam.nih.gov/health/fenugreek/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Complementary_and_Alternative_Medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Complementary_and_Alternative_Medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-60http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-60http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism#cite_ref-60http://nccam.nih.gov/health/feverfew/http://nccam.nih.gov/health/feverfew/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Complementary_and_Alternative_Medicinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Center_for_Complementary_and_Alter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