TRAC, A Text-Handling Language

8/14/2019 TRAC, A Text-Handling Language

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SWJI. J Sbqs+Ajhcnohf Njhfrjfb

g I( H( Kllbwy jhc N( ]( Cbrsyia !:?42/

]j}bw }wbybhsbc js sab 7=sa Hjsolhjn Ilhdbwbhib ld sab Jyyliojsolh ld Ilk}rsohf Kjiaohbw.

Inbtbnjhc. Laol. Jrfrys :?42(

SAB SWJI Y_YSBK dlw Sbqs Wbi`lhohf Jhc Ilk}onohfvjy cbtbnl}bc jy j yldsvjwb }ji`jfb

jhc rybw njhfrjfb sl fl vosa sab wbjisotb s}bvwosbw( Cbyofh fljny ohinrcbc sab jssjohkbhs ld j ilhioyb

jhc bddoiobhs oh}rs njhfrjfb. j yswjofasdlwvjwc }aonlyl}a jhc j aofa lwcbw ld nlfoijn tbwyjsonos( Sab

bqsbwhjn jhc ohsbwhjn dlwky ld sab SWJI njhfrjfb jwb sab yjkb( SWJI ijh jiib}s. hjkb. yslwb.

l}bwjsb r}lh oh jh vj. jhc bkos jh yswohf ld iajwjisbwy sajs ijh gb }wlcribc lh j sbnbs}bvwosbw

`bgljwc( Jh yswohf ijh gb swbjsbc js jh sokb jy sbqs. hjkb. lw }wlfwjk(

Saoy }j}bw cbyiwogby sab cbyofh cbioyolhy sajs vbhs ohsl sab ilhyswrisolh ld sab SWJI njhfrjfb jhc

yysbk( Sab jiwlhk SWJI ysjhcy dlw 'sbqs wbi`lhohf jhc ilk}onohf' :/ Sab SWJI yysbk ajc osy

fbhbyoy oh sab hbbc dlw j fbhbwjn slln dlw cbjnohf vosa sbqs( Oh osy njsbw ysjfby. SWJI cbtbnl}bc oh

}jwjnnbn vosa sab btlnrsolh ld sab wbjisotb s}bvwosbw ilhib}s0 7/ SWJI oy hlv wrhhohf oh j

sokb+yajwbc bhtowlhkbhs. jhc oy irwwbhsn rhcbwflohf sbysohf jhc l}bwjsolhjn wbdohbkbhs0 9/ Oh

}wbnokohjw jyybyykbhs. SWJI j}}bjwy sl bqibbc sab cbyofh sjwfbsy ybs dlw os(

G sbqs oy kbjhs jh yswohf ld iajwjisbwy !jn}ajgbsoi. hrkbwoi. }rhisrjsolh. lsabw yofhy. dlwkjs ilhswln

jhc yofhjn ilhswln iajwjisbwy/ vaoia ijh gb fbhbwjsbc dwlk j sbnbs}bvwosbw `bgljwc. lw jh lsabw

`bgljwc. lw vaoia ijh ilhswln sab }wohsohf jisolh ld j sbnb}wohsbw kjiaohb. lw ijh ilhswln sab jisolh ld

jh lsabw cbtoib(

G cbjnohf vosa sbqs oy kbjhs jh bddbisotbn cbdohjgnb l}bwjsolh r}lh iajwjisbwy. yswohfy ld

iajwjisbwy. lw sabow ilcb wb}wbybhsjsolh( Yria l}bwjsolhy kj ohinrcb kj`ohf ilwwbisolhy jhc

ohybwsolhy oh sbqs. yslwjfb ld sbqs dlw njsbw ryb. wbswobtjn ld sbqs. wb+dlwkjssohf ld sbqs jhc }jfb kj`b+r}.cjsj dlwkjssohf dlw hrkbwoijn ilk}rsjsolh. yok}nb hrkbwoijn ilk}rsjsolh. iajwjisbw wbilcohf. jhc

kjh lsabw }lyyogonosoby(

G wbjisotb s}bvwosbw oy kbjhs j sbnbs}bvwosbw. lw s}bvwosbw vosa sbnbs}bvwosbw ij}jgonosoby.

ilhhbisbc g sbnbfwj}a nohb sl j krnso}nb jiibyy. sokb+yajwbc ilk}rsbw vosa njwfb yslwjfb ij}jgonosoby(

Nlv ilys. drnn r}}bw+ jhc nlvbw+ijyb iajwjisbw ij}jgonosoby. jhc ilhtbhobhs okkbcojsb wby}lhyotbhbyy

jwb ok}lwsjhs bnbkbhsy ld sab ilhib}s ld sab wbjisotb s}bvwosbw !7/(

Sab SWJI yysbk ijh gb salrfas ld jy sab 'fbhob js sab lsabw yocb ld sab `bgljwc' dlw j }bwylh ryohf

sab wbjisotb s}bvwosbw( Yria j }bwylh kj gb j yiobhsoys clohf j ilk}rsjsolh. j ysbhlfwj}abw

ilwwbisohf j nbfjn gwobd. lw j nogwjwojh ilk}lyohf j ijsjnlf ijwc( Bjia rybw yalrnc ajtb j ybs ld

}wlibcrwby sajs ijh gb ijnnbc. rybc. jhc btbh wbcbdohbc js aoy `bgljwc( Sabyb }wlibcrwby yalrnc gb

ijnnjgnb oh sab SWJI njhfrjfb cowbisn. lw oh Bhfnoya lw '}njoh njhfrjfb' vosa ohsbwtbhohf SWJI

ilhswln( J yrgybs ld sab SWJI njhfrjfb yalrnc gb yl yok}nb oh ilhib}s jhc ryb sajs j ysbhlfwj}abw lw

nogwjwojh ijh ryb os ilhyswrisotbn. vaonb sab drnn njhfrjfb yalrnc gb ld yrddoiobhs }lvbw yl sajs os ijh

gb rybc sl dlwkrnjsb jh vbnn+cbdohbc }wlibcrwb( SWJI yalrnc ybirwb sabyb bhcy sawlrfa j

ilkklh+ybhyb ilhib}srjn j}}wljia. jy l}}lybc sl jh j}}wljia wbzrowohf j aofa lwcbw ld

ohcliswohjsolh oh ylkb yysbk ld ykglnoi nlfoi. lw jh bqsbhyotb gji`fwlrhc oh ilk}rsbw

}wlfwjkkohf hlsolhy jhc kbsalcy(

Yohib sab }wlibcrwby vwossbh oh sab SWJI njhfrjfb jwb ijwwobc lrs ohsbw}wbsotbn. sab tbwyjsonos ld

SWJI liirwy js sab ilys ld nlvbw jgylnrsb bddoiobhi sajh dlw sab yjkb }wlibcrwby vwossbh oh jyybkgn

njhfrjfb }wlfwjkkohf( Sabwbdlwb os oy hls ohsbhcbc sajs SWJI gb rybc oh njwfb gjsia }wlcrisolh elgy


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yria jy }jwsojn coddbwbhsojn bzrjsolh ylnrsolh. kjswoq ohtbwyolh. ylwsohf. njwfb donb kjhjfbkbhs.

njhfrjfb swjhynjsolh0 iajwjisbw wbilcohf. jhc sab no`b( Lh sab lsabw ajhc. SWJI vlrnc gb bilhlkoijn

dlw lh+nohb jssbhcbc l}bwjsolh oh nbssbw vwosohf. bcosohf. gll``bb}ohf. cjsj dlwkjssohf. ilk}rsbw

}wlfwjk vwosohf. nlfoijn bq}bwokbhsjsolh. jhc lsabw sjy` vabwb ilhsohrlry arkjh ohsbwtbhsolh oy

ok}lwsjhs(

FBHBWJN FLJNY

Oh sab cbyofh ld SWJI. sabwb vbwb sab dlnnlvohf gwljc sbiahoijn fljny( Jy jnwbjc ysjsbc. SWJI

yalrnc gb aly}osjgnb sl. jhc yalrnc gb jgnb sl jiib}s. hjkb. kjho}rnjsb. yslwb. jhc bkos. jh

sbnbs}bvwosbw iajwjisbw lw yswohf ld iajwjisbwy( Saoy jgonos yalrnc ohinrcb jh ilhswln lw dlwkjssohf

iajwjisbwy ld jh `ohc. lw oh jh ilkgohjsolh. o(b(. sl yria iajwjisbwy jy ijwwojfb wbsrwh. y}jib. jhc.

oh ibwsjoh ohysjhiby. sl sab y}biodoi nji` ld j iajwjisbw ++ hrnn oh sab klys }wbioyb ybhyb(

Sawlrfa yrosjgnb yswohfy }wlcribc js sab `bgljwc. os yalrnc gb }lyyognb sl y}biod jh vbnn+cbdohbc

}wlibcrwjn l}bwjsolh r}lh yswohfy ld iajwjisbwy( Os yalrnc cl saoy sawlrfa ilkgohjsolhy ld }wokosotbdrhisolhy vaoia jwb rybc sl kj`b r} yria }wlibcrwby( Os yalrnc gb jgnb sl }bwdlwk ohsbfbw jwosakbsoi

jhc sl kjho}rnjsb gos yswohfy( Os yalrnc gb jgnb sl swbjs jh iajwjisbw yswohf jy sbqs. }wlibcrwb. lw hjkb(

Os yalrnc gb jgnb sl swbjs j yswohf js lhb sokb oh lhb vj. jhc njsbw oh jhlsabw vj( Sabwbdlwb os yalrnc

ajtb sab jgonos sl swbjs sab ysjsbkbhs ld j }wlibcrwb sbk}lwjwon jy sbqs. jhc. jy yria. sl klcod os. jhc

sabwbjdsbw sl bqbirsb sab ilwwbisbc ysjsbkbhs jy j hbv }wlibcrwb(

SWJI yalrnc }bwkos sab `bgljwc rybw sl kltb jh hjkbc yswohf ldd lhsl j kjyy yslwjfb cbtoib

!coyi. cwrk. lw sj}b/. sl wbswobtb os js vonn. jhc sl ilhswln sab lwfjhoujsolh ld sab yswohfy vosaoh sab

yslwjfb cbtoib( Os yalrnc jnyl }bwkos sab rybw sl lrs}rs yswohfy lhsl bqsbwhjn kbcoj yria jy }j}bw sj}b.

jhc sl wbjc sabk gji` oh jfjoh( G bqsbhyolh. os yalrnc }bwkos sab wbibo}s jhc swjhykoyyolh ld yswohfy

ltbw ilkklh ijwwobw ilkkrhoijsolh iajhhbny. ohinrcohf swjhykoyyolh ohsl. jhc wbilwcohf oh. lsabw

SWJI+ilhswlnnbc yysbky(

Oh osy sokb+yajwbc bhtowlhkbhs. SWJI oy j 'rybw }wlfwjk'. jhc sary oy lhb ld sab kjh rybw }wlfwjky

vaoia kj gb oh yokrnsjhblry l}bwjsolh( Oh ylkb ijyby. os kj gb cbyowjgnb sl ajtb j tbwyolh ld

SWJI jy j ilk}lhbhs ld jh bqbirsotb }wlfwjk ybwtohf kjh rybwy ++ j kjssbw vaoia ajy bs sl gb

ohtbysofjsbc(

Os vjy j fljn sajs SWJI yalrnc gb j '`bgljwc' njhfrjfb bjyon ryjgnb lh nohb( Sary os yalrnc hls gb

r}ybs g sab ryrjn s}ohf koysj`by. jhc sab rybw yalrnc dohc os bjy sl wbiltbw dwlk yria koysj`by( Hl

ohjctbwsbhs ilkgohjsolh ld iajwjisbwy yalrnc ijryb SWJI sl 'gnlv r}'( Os yalrnc jiib}s hlhybhyb

fwjibdrnn. vosa js klys j }lnosb cojfhlysoi wby}lhyb ld '}wlfwjk bwwlw' lw sab no`b( Js jh sokb. os

yalrnc gb }lyyognb sl ysl} bqsbhcbc nll}y jhc 'ylwibwbwy j}}wbhsoib' jisolhy. kbwbn vosa j slria ldsab gwbj` `b( Saoy yalrnc wbyrns jrslkjsoijnn oh sab wb+ohosojnoujsolh ld sab ysjsb ld sab SWJI

}wlibyylw. salrfa vosalrs nlyy ld jh vlw` oh yslwjfb(

J fljn ld sab SWJI njhfrjfb vjy sl }wlcrib j yok}nb jhc bq}noios yhsjq vaoia vjy ohcb}bhcbhs ld j

nohb dlwkjs lh j }jfb. jhc vaoia vjy hls j cbyibhcjhs ld j yhsjq gjybc r}lh sab sjgrnjsohf ijwc(

Jhlsabw fljn vjy sl jtloc j 'iw}sl+yhsjq' yria jy lhb gjybc lh hlh}wohsohf iajwjisbwy. lw lh j

ilhdryohf aobwjwia ld wrnby0 lw j 'al}bdrnn yok}nodobc' yhsjq gjybc lh Bhfnoya jhc grons jwlrhc

ylkb y}biodoi elg(

Os vjy cbyowbc sajs sab yhsjq ld SWJI gb gjybc r}lh jy dbv ilhswln !o(b(. yhsjisoi lw kbsj/

iajwjisbwy jy }lyyognb. yohib sab klwb yria iajwjisbwy sabwb jwb. sab fwbjsbw sab }lyyogonos ld fbssohf

ohsl rhjhsoio}jsbc swlrgnb( Vabh hls jisohf oh sabow yhsjisoi wlnb. sabyb iajwjisbwy. jy kria jy


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}lyyognb. yalrnc gbajtb jy lwcohjw iajwjisbwy( Sabwb yalrnc gb sab }lyyogonos ld iajhfohf js nbjys

ibwsjoh ld sab ilhswln iajwjisbwy vaonb rhcbw SWJI ilhswln( Dlw ylkb }rw}lyby. os kj gb cbyowjgnb sl

gb jgnb sl iajhfb jnn ld sabk(

Sab njhfrjfb yalrnc gb gjybc. jy oy klys hjsrwjn. r}lh yswohfy ld jwgoswjw nbhfsa kjw`bc g ylkbbjyon rhcbwysllc jhc rybc klcb ld }rhisrjsolh jhc cbnokosjsolh( ]jwsoirnjwn sl gb jtlocbc oy j

cb}bhcbhib r}lh jslkoi ykgln yswohfy vaoia cl hls jnnlv y}nossohf lw elohohf ld iajwjisbw yrgyswohfy

vosaoh sab lwcohjw yil}b ld sab njhfrjfb( Os yalrnc gb }lyyognb sl cotocb jh yswohf. lw sl }rs slfbsabw

jh svl yswohfy js jh sokb sl kj`b jh ohsbfwjn !hlh }rhisrjsbc/ hbv yswohf(

Dlw sab klys hjsrwjn ryjfb. yswohfy yalrnc ysjhc dlw sabkybntby( Oh lsabw vlwcy. 'j iajwjisbw yswohf oy j

iajwjisbw yswohf'. jhc lhn od sab SWJI yhsjq wbzrowby j yswohf sl gb ohsbw}wbsbc jy j hjkb oy os swbjsbc

jy j hjkb( Lh sab lsabw ajhc. hjkohf jhc ohcowbis jccwbyyohf sawlrfa hjkby yalrnc gb }lyyognb sl

jh hbibyyjw cb}sa(

Oh sab njhfrjfb. lhb yalrnc gb jgnb sl hbys jh }wokosotb drhisolh lw }wlibcrwjn ysjsbkbhs ohyocb jh

lsabw. sl jh cb}sa. jhc vosalrs ilhdryolh( Lhb yalrnc gb jgnb sl ajhcnb osbwjsolhy !wb}bsosolhy ld sabyjkb ysb}/ jhc wbirwyolhy !cbdbwwjny ld j }jwsojnn ilk}nbsb ysb} vosa j ijnn r}lh osybnd lw jhlsabw ysb}/

sl jh cb}sa vosaoh sab nokosy ld yslwjfb y}jib oh sab alys kjiaohb( ]wlibcrwby yalrnc gb jgnb sl

l}bwjsb r}lh sabkybntby. lw sl wbdbw sl sabkybntby. vosalrs nokosjsolh( ]wlibcrwby yalrnc gb jgnb sl

iwbjsb hbv cbdohosolhy ld }wlibcrwby. jhc sabh sl bqbirsb yria }wlibcrwby( Os yalrnc hls gb hbibyyjw

sl `bb} swji` ld 'nbtbn'. jhc sab ysjsbkbhs ld }wlibcrwby yalrnc gb ohcb}bhcbhs ld nbtbn(

Sab ybs ld }wokosotb drhisolhy jtjonjgnb oh SWJI yalrnc gb ijwbdrnn ybnbisbc( Sabwb yalrnc gb

bhlrfa sl }wltocb ilhtbhobhib oh sab `ohcy ld l}bwjsolhy klys rybc oh }wjisoib. bs hls yl kjh sajs

sab drhisolhy gbilkb ohcotocrjnn cbsjonbc jhc ltbwn y}biojnoubc( Os kofas gb jh ohsbwbysohf nlfoijn

bqbwioyb sl sw sl cbtbnl} jhlsabw nlfoijnn kohokjn. hlh+wbcrhcjhs ybs ld drhisolhy( Alvbtbw.

bq}bwobhib !yria jy vosa sab nlfoijnn bnbfjhs dotb+drhisolh ybs ld }wokosotby oh NOY]/ yalvy sajs j}wjisoijn l}bwjsohf yysbk krys ajtb ilhtbhobhsn jtjonjgnb sl os j yrgysjhsojnn njwfbw ybs ld rybw

drhisolhy( Sary sab fljn yalrnc gb sl dohc ylkb ybs ld }wokosotb rybw drhisolhy vaoia ajtb sab wbzrowbc

tbwyjsonos jhc fbhbwjnos. bs vaoia jwb ysonn kjhjfbjgnb oh hrkgbw jhc ohsbnnbisrjn ilk}nbqos(

SWJI yalrnc gb ij}jgnb ld }bwdlwkohf cbioyolhy crwohf sab bqbirsolh ld }wlibcrwby. jhc sab

}wlibcrwby yalrnc gb jgnb sl iajhfb jhc btlntb sawlrfa wbcbdohosolh oh ilhybzrbhib ld cjsj vaoia oy

gwlrfas sl sabk( ]wlibcrwby yalrnc gb ij}jgnb ld cbdohohf jhc yslwohf hbv kjssbw js jh sokb. bosabw

sbqs lw hbv }wlibcrwby( ]wlibcrwby yalrnc gb ij}jgnb ld iwbjsohf hbv rhozrb hjkby dlw yria kjssbw.

lw dlw lsabw }rw}lyby. jy kj gb wbzrowbc(

Lhb ld sab kjoh cbyofh fljny vjy sajs sab oh}rs yiwo}s ld SWJI !vajs oy s}bc oh g sab rybw/ yalrnc

gb ocbhsoijn sl sab sbqs vaoia frocby sab ohsbwhjn jisolh ld sab SWJI }wlibyylw( Oh lsabw vlwcy. SWJI}wlibcrwby yalrnc gb yslwbc oh kbklw jy j yswohf ld iajwjisbwy bqjisn jy sab rybw s}bc sabk js sab

`bgljwc( Od sab SWJI }wlibcrwby sabkybntby btlntb hbv }wlibcrwby. sabyb hbv }wlibcrwby yalrnc

jnyl gb ysjsbc oh sab yjkb yiwo}s( Sab SWJI }wlibyylw oh osy jisolh ohsbw}wbsy saoy yiwo}s jy osy }wlfwjk(

Oh lsabw vlwcy. sab SWJI swjhynjslw }wlfwjk !sab }wlibyylw/ bddbisotbn ilhtbwsy sab ilk}rsbw ohsl j

hbv ilk}rsbw vosa j hbv }wlfwjk njhfrjfb ++ sab SWJI njhfrjfb( Js jh sokb. os yalrnc gb }lyyognb

sl coy}nj }wlfwjk lw }wlibcrwjn ohdlwkjsolh oh sab yjkb dlwk jy sab SWJI }wlibyylw vonn jis r}lh os

crwohf osy bqbirsolh( Os oy cbyowjgnb sajs sab ohsbwhjn iajwjisbw ilcb wb}wbybhsjsolh gb ocbhsoijn sl. lw

tbw yokonjw sl. sab bqsbwhjn ilcb wb}wbybhsjsolh( Oh sab }wbybhs SWJI ok}nbkbhsjsolh. sab ohsbwhjn

iajwjisbw wb}wbybhsjsolh oy gjybc r}lh JYIOO !Jkbwoijh Ysjhcjwc Ilcb dlw Ohdlwkjsolh Ohsbwiajhfb/(

Gbijryb SWJI }wlibcrwby jhc sbqs ajtb sab yjkb wb}wbybhsjsolh ohyocb jhc lrsyocb sab }wlibyylw. sab

sbwk alkloilhoi oy j}}noijgnb. dwlk alklkbjhohf sab yjkb. jhc oilh kbjhohf wb}wbybhsjsolh !3/(


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Kjh ld sabyb ysjsbc fljny vbwb ybs bjwn oh sab cbtbnl}kbhs( Alvbtbw. ylkb ld sab fljny vbwb jccbc

klwb wbibhsn. jy sab }lvbw jhc sab yil}b ld sab }wbybhs SWJI }wlfwjkkohf bkbwfbc(

SAB YLRWIBY LD OHY]OWJSOLH

SWJI ajc j hrkgbw ld ylrwiby ld ohy}owjsolh0 ILKOS jhc NOY] }wltocbc sab kjoh iajnnbhfb sl

cbtoyb j yysbk vaoia ilrnc cl js nbjys jy kria jy sab ilrnc. bs vlrnc hls ajtb sabow nokosjsolhy( J

kjelw nokosjsolh ld ILKOS vjy inbjwn sab hbbc dlw ilk}onjsolh. wbyrnsohf oh wofoc }wlibcrwby vaoia

ilrnc hls gb drhcjkbhsjnn klcodobc js sab `bgljwc crwohf wrh sokb( Lsabw yalwsilkohfy vbwb oh osy

nohb+g+nohb dlwkjs. jhc sab ohjgonos ld lhb }wlibcrwb sl l}bwjsb r}lh jhlsabw }wlibcrwjn ysjsbkbhs

jhc sabh sl bqbirsb sab wbyrns( NOY]. jnsalrfa bnbfjhs oh ilhib}s. gbilkby ohbnbfjhs oh }wjisoib( Os

btbh 'iabjsy' oh sab dwbzrbhs ryb ld kjiaohb+njhfrjfb }wlibcrwby( Os oy ysonn hls jh bjyon rybc

`bgljwc njhfrjfb( Klwb rhdlwsrhjsbn. osy clirkbhsjsolh ybbky sl wbzrowb j 'kysozrb' ld j ylws sajs

hls jnn sab wbjisotb s}bvwosbw rybwy vonn ajtb( Osy godrwijsbc noys yswrisrwb gjyoy yofhodoijhsn nokosy sab

fbhbwjnos ld sab cjsj yswrisrwby( Dohjnn. NOY] oy swlrgnbc vosa j crjn njhfrjfb }wlgnbk5 jh

K+njhfrjfb. vaoia oy bjy sl wbjc. jhc oy rybc bqsbwhjnn. jhc jh Y+njhfrjfb. vosa vaoia sab NOY]}wlibyylw l}bwjsby. jhc vaoia oy ryjgnb bqsbwhjnn lhn g sab ajwcbhbc ohosojsby( Os yalrnc gb hlsbc

abwb sajs vbwb sab Y+njhfrjfb sab lhn NOY] njhfrjfb. NOY] vlrnc gb inlyb sl gbohf alkl+oilhoi

!bqinrcohf sab kjiaohb+njhfrjfb drhisolhy/( O]N+T vjy jnyl j iajnnbhfb( Alvbtbw. os ybbkbc sajs

O]N+T vjy inlybw sl j ysnoubc ilk}rsbw njhfrjfb sajh os vjy sl j rybw njhfrjfb jy ilhibotbc abwb(

Ibwsjohn dlw sab wbjisotb s}bvwosbw }rw}lyby. os vjy jnslfbsabw sll kria no`b ilhtbhsolhjn ilk}rsbw

}wlfwjkkohf sl gb ryjgnb g sab bq}bisbc rybw fwlr}y(

Sab kjoh ohy}owjsolh dlw SWJI ijkb dwlk sawbb }j}bwy g KiOnwl jhc ilnnbjfrby coyiryyohf sabow

vlw` vosa j kjiwl jyybkgn yysbk !2.4.6/( Sabyb }j}bwy }lohsbc lrs sajs j kjiwl jyybkgn yysbk

ajc rhbq}bisbc }lvbw jy j ykgln kjho}rnjslw. jhc sajs od sab yysbk ilrnc yslwb cbdohosolh yiabkjsj.

ilrnc iwbjsb cbdohosolhy. ilrnc bqbirsb yria cbdohosolhy. jhc ilrnc cbsbwkohb osy hbqs jisolhy dwlk j

cbioyolh ij}jgonos. sabh sab yysbk vjy ohcbbc j Srwohf kjiaohb jhc vjy ld ilk}nbsb nlfoijn

fbhbwjnos(

Rhdlwsrhjsbn. sab svl klys ohsbwbysohf }j}bwy g KiOnwl !4.6/ vbwb hbtbw }rgnoyabc oh j elrwhjn(

Oh coyiryyohf sab ok}noijsolhy ld yria jh bqsbhcbc kjiwl jyybkgnbw yysbk. KiOnwl !2/ ajc saoy sl

yj jglrs vajs j fbhbwjnoubc ilk}onbw+}wlibyylw yalrnc ajtb5

Cbdohosolhy yalrnc gb jgnb sl ilhsjoh kjiwl ijnny(

]jwbhsabsoijn hlsjsolh yalrnc gb jtjonjgnb dlw hbysohf jhc ilk}lrhcohf ijnny(

Ilhcosolhjn ysjsbkbhsy yalrnc gb l}bwjsotb js jh sokb(

Iwbjsbc ykglny yalrnc gb jtjonjgnb dlw yria ryb jy oh hjkby(Cbdohosolhy yalrnc sabkybntby gb jgnb sl ilhsjoh yiabkjsj dlw iwbjsohf jccosolhjn cbdohosolhy(

Wb}bsosolhy ltbw j noys yalrnc gb }bwkossbc(

!Sabyb jwb }jwj}awjybc ynofasn dlw injwos(/ Jnn ld sabyb ij}jgonosoby oh ylkb dlwk jwb jtjonjgnb oh sab

}wbybhs SWJI yysbk(

SWJI. r}lh inlyb ohy}bisolh. yalvy osybnd jy j yysbk grons jwlrhc sab hlsolh ld sab kjiwl jy os oy

rybc oh kjiwl jyybkgn njhfrjfby( Os oy cbyofhbc sl gb yswlhf js }rssohf saohfy slfbsabw jhc dlw

ijwwohf lrs sjy`y( Nbyy jssbhsolh vjy }joc sl }wltocohf bqsbhyotb jhjnsoijn jgonos( Sary SWJI kj

gb inrky !salrfa hls ok}lyyogn yl/ od lhb ryby os sl okosjsb j ilk}onbwy yijhhbw jhc }jwybw( J fljn

dlw njsbw vlw` oy sl yswbhfsabh SWJIy jhjnsoijn jgonos(


5/18

KiOnwly yysbk vjy ijys oh sab dlwkjs ld sab ykglnoi jyybkgn njhfrjfb ld sab OGK 6=3 ilk}rsbw(

Oh lsabw vlwcy. os vjy gjybc lh j sjgrnjsohf ijwc dlwkjs( No`b NOY]. os cbjns vosa jslky !ykglnoi

jccwbyyby jhc ykglnoi l}bwjsolh ilcby/( Gbijryb os vjy vwossbh oh sab ryrjn ilnrkhjw }wlfwjkkbwy

dlwkjs. os vjy inbjwn rhyrosjgnb( Sab }wlgnbk vjy5 alv sl klcod os. alv sl fbhbwjnoub os. jhc alv sl

bqsbhc os sl fotb sab wbyrnsy cbyowbc(

Saoy }wlibyy ld fbhbwjnoujsolh srwhbc lrs sl gb yokonjw sl sab }wlgnbk djiohf sab ohtbhslw ld ylkb

fjkb ryohf j }njohf gljwc. }obiby jhc wrnby( Oh sab cbtbnl}kbhs ld SWJI. sab fbhbwjn hjsrwb ld sab

bhc fljn vjy ohsrosotbn toyognb dwlk sab gbfohhohf( _bs os vjy hls btocbhs vajs sab bhc wbyrns vlrnc

nll` no`b( Sab cbtbnl}kbhs }wlibyy vjy lhb ld sbhsjsotbn ybssohf dlwsa j ilk}nbsb ybs ld 'wrnby ld sab

fjkb' jhc sabh swohf sl '}nj sab fjkb'( Oh sab bjwn ysjfby. sabwb vjy hl hbbc sl sw sl ok}nbkbhs

sab ocbjy g }wlfwjkkohf lh j ilk}rsbw( Od sab ysjsbkbhs ld sab wrnby jhc ld sab kltby vlrnc hls

}bwkos }bwdlwkohf ibwsjoh rybdrn }wlibcrwby. sajs vjy sab bhc ld os( Os vjy sabh hbibyyjw sl fl gji`

jhc sw sl cbtoyb ylkb hbv ybs ld wrnby sajs vlrnc( Oh j aofan ohsbwnli`bc jhc ohsbwcb}bhcbhs yysbk

yria jy SWJI. tbw ykjnn iajhfby oh j wrnb kj ijryb kjelw ilhybzrbhiby oh j hrkgbw ld

rhjhsoio}jsbc }njiby(

CBIOYOLHY LH ILHSWLN IAJWJISBWY

J iwosoijn cbioyolh oh SWJI. lh vaoia jnklys btbwsaohf bnyb wbysbc. vjy sab dlwk ld. jhc sab kjhhbw

ld l}bwjsolh ld. jh bnbkbhsjn 'ysjsbkbhs'( Sab al}b vjy dlw j `ohc ld ysjsbkbhs ajtohf kohokjn

ilk}nbqos !toyrjn. nlfoijn. jhc s}lfwj}aoijn/. ryohf sab yok}nbys bq}noios yhsjq fotohf sab rsklys

nlfoijn tbwyjsonos. jnn gbohf clhb vosa sab dbvbys }lyyognb yhsjisoi lw kbsj iajwjisbwy( Oh sab bhc. jy

lhb kofas bq}bis. os vjy hbibyyjw sl jiib}s ylkb ilk}wlkoyby0 hbtbwsabnbyy. sab ltbwjnn wbyrns ajy

}wltbc sl gb zrosb yjsoydjislw(

Sab kjhhbw oh vaoia sab yil}b ld jh bnbkbhsjn ysjsbkbhs oy ohcoijsbc kj j}}bjw sl gb j yok}nb

kjssbw. bs os oy djw dwlk swotojn( Osy ilhybzrbhiby }wltocb j fllc onnryswjsolh ld sab aofa cb}bhcbhib ldj njhfrjfb yysbk r}lh sab jcl}sbc yiwo}s( Cbioyolhy lh yiwo}s vbwb by}biojnn ok}lwsjhs oh saoy ijyb.

yohib os vjy ohsbhcbc sajs SWJI gb alkl+oilhoi( Sary sab yiwo}s yalrnc hls }wbybhs ybtbwb }wlgnbky

ld ryb bosabw sl sab arkjh lw sl sab kjiaohb( Os kofas ybbk sajs sab ialoib ld sab yiwo}s vjy j kbwb

kjssbw ld cbioyolh gjybc r}lh arkjh ilhtbhobhib jhc yijhjgonos dlw sab kjiaohb }wlibyylw( Saoy oy

hls yl( Sab ilhybzrbhiby ld sab yiwo}s cbioyolhy fl j fwbjs cbjn cbb}bw. jy vjy j}}jwbhs lhn jdsbw sab

yiwo}s vjy ok}nbkbhsbc jhc swobc lh sab ilk}rsbw( Ylkb ld sab klys tjnrjgnb dbjsrwby ld sab yiwo}s

vbwb hls yry}bisbc vabh sab yiwo}s vjy dowys rhcbw ilhyocbwjsolh(

Sab klcby dlw cbnokosjsolh ld j ysjsbkbhs ybbk sl gb wbyswoisbc sl sab dlnnlvohf sawbb5 :/ Sab ryb ld

vlwc cbnokosohf jy oh JNFLN. yria jy 'gbfoh J ((( bhc J vabwb J oy sab hjkb ld j }wlibcrwb0 7/ Sab

ryb ld j hrkbwoijn }wlebisolh. yria j5 'sj`b sab hbqs H iajwjisbwy' lw sab hbqs H rhosy ld sbqs0 jhc 9/Sab ryb. oh ylkb kjhhbw. ld }jowbc }rhisrjsolh kjw`y. yria jy }jwbhsabyby(

Js dowys. 'vlwc cbnokosohf' ybbkbc jsswjisotb( R}lh ysrc. os vjy dlrhc sajs gbijryb sab l}bwjhcy ld

}wlibcrwby vbwb flohf sl gb sbqs yswohfy. ryrjnn oh j }jfb dlwkjs. sabwb vjy j no`bnoallc ld ilnnoyolh

gbsvbbh sab ryby ld sab vlwcy 'gbfoh' jhc 'bhc' jy cbnokosbwy jhc jy bnbkbhsy ld sbqs( Jhlsabw

ilhyocbwjsolh vjy sajs vlwc cbnokosohf wbzrowby j yrgysjhsojn hrkgbw ld iajwjisbwy. jhc sabwbdlwb vosa

krnso}nb hbysohf. os vlrnc gb ilhdryohf jhc djw dwlk ilk}jis( Os vjy jnyl inbjw sajs sab }lohsy ld

cbnokosjsolh vlrnc hls gb wbjcon toyognb vabh okkbwybc oh j yswbjk ld sbqs( Sabwbdlwb saoy j}}wljia

vjy coyijwcbc }wokjwon gbijryb ld osy inrkyohbyy(


6/18

Sab 'hrkbwoijn }wlebisolh' kbsalc cb}bhcy r}lh j }wbcoisolh ld alv kjh iajwjisbwy lw rhosy ld sbqs

yalrnc gb sj`bh jdsbw ylkb }lohs ld }wlebisolh( Sab kbsalcy ld sab ']lnoya' }wbdoq hlsjsolh jwb ld saoy

iajwjisbw. oh sajs bjia drhisolh ok}noiosn ijnny dlw j tbw y}biodoi hrkgbw ld jwfrkbhsy sl dlnnlv ++

ryrjnn svl jwfrkbhsy( Saoy oy yjsoydjislw od lhb ijh }wbcois sab yosrjsolh( Alvbtbw. os ldsbh aj}}bhy

sajs lhb clby hls `hlv. lw sabwb oy hl vj ld `hlvohf. alv kjh rhosy ld sbqs lw alv kjhiajwjisbwy vonn btbhsrjnn ilkb vosaoh sab yil}b ld j ysjsbkbhs( SWJI. jy irwwbhsn rybc. ldsbh

bhilrhsbwy saoy yosrjsolh oh ok}lwsjhs j}}noijsolhy( Dwlk sab rybwy ysjhc}lohs. sab }wbdoq hlsjsolh oy

jnklys rhwbjcjgnb od sabwb oy jh cb}sa ld drhisolhjn ilk}nbqos( Os oy }rw}lwsbc sajs kjiaohb

}wlibyyohf oy bjyobw vosa }wbdoq hlsjsolh( Alvbtbw. oh ilk}jwoylh vosa lsabw bjyon+}jwybc hlsjsolhy.

saoy jctjhsjfb oy }wlgjgn klwb yr}bwdoiojn sajh ld jh wbjn ilhybzrbhib( Sab }wbdoq ysnb ld hlsjsolh

jhc kbsalcy gjybc lh hrkbwoijn }wlebisolh vbwb sabwbdlwb coyijwcbc gbijryb ld sabow ohjgonos sl

ajhcnb yswohfy ld rh}wbcoisjgnb nbhfsa. jhc gbijryb ld rhwbjcjgonos(

Sabwb wbkjohbc sab kbsalc ld }jowbc }rhisrjsolh yofhy. gbys bqbk}nodobc g }jwbhsabyby( ]jwbhsabyby

ajtb sab jctjhsjfb ld gbohf djkonojw dwlk sab yiwo}s ld jnfbgwj. jhc sab jwb bddbisotb jhc ilk}jis

vabh rybc sl cbnokos sbqs( Sabow kjelw coddoirns oy cbklhyswjsbc oh jh jirsb dlwk g sab }jwbhsabyoy

}wlgnbky ld NOY]. vabwb bq}wbyyolhy ijh ajtb j clubh lw klwb }jwbhsabyby js sab bhc( Alvbtbw. os

j}}bjwy sajs sab }wokosotb drhisolhy ialybh oh NOY] sbhc sl jffwjtjsb sab }jwbhsabyoy }wlgnbk(

Js}oijn ilk}lrhc bq}wbyyolh oh NOY] vonn sbhc sl gb ld sab dlwk !ykgln!bq}wbyyolh// vosa jnn sab

}jwbhsabyby }onohf r} js sab bhc( Oh SWJI. jy vonn gb ybbh. ilk}lrhc bq}wbyyolhy sbhc sl ajtb sab

dlwk !ykgln!bq}wbyyolh/ykgln/ jhc sary sabwb clby hls sbhc sl gb yria j ilhibhswjsbc }onb+r} js sab

bhc( Sabwb vonn jnvjy gb sab hbbc dlw ijwbdrn }jwbhsabyoy ilrhsy sl kj`b yrwb sajs cbnokosohf vonn

liirw jy ohsbhcbc( Oh gjnjhib. }jwbhsabyby vbwb ialybh jy sab kbjhy ld ysjsbkbhs cbnokosohf oh SWJI(

CBIOYOLHY LH DRHISOLH WB]WBYBHSJSOLH

Sab }jwbhsabyby jy sbqs cbnokosbwy oh SWJI ajtb sab }rw}lyb ld ohcoijsohf sajs ylkbsaohf oy sl gb

clhb sl sab bhinlybc sbqs( Sabwb jwb svl kjoh ijyby5 :/ sl ohcoijsb sajs sab sbqs oy sab jwfrkbhs ld j

drhisolh. jhc 7/ sl ohcoijsb sajs ylkbsaohf oy hls sl gb clhb vosa sab bhinlybc sbqs. o(b(. sl }wlsbis

drhisolhy vosaoh sab sbqs dwlk okkbcojsb bqbirsolh(

Oh sab dowys ijyb. SWJI ryby sab dlwkjs )!sbqs yswohf/ sl ohcoijsb j drhisolh( Abwb sab 'yajw} yofh' lw

'hrkgbw yofh' oy j iajwjisbw ajtohf j y}biojn kbjhohf vabh os okkbcojsbn }wbibcby j }jwbhsabyoy( Osy

kbjhohf ijh gb wlrfan ysjsbc jy 'btjnrjsb vajs oy bhinlybc'( Oh lsabw vlwcy. os yofhjny sajs sab

cbnokosbc ysjsbkbhs yalrnc gb swbjsbc jy j drhisolh. od sajs oy }lyyognb( Njsbw vb vonn ilhyocbw j

klcodobc drhisolh wb}wbybhsbc g ))!sbqs yswohf/( Oh SWJI. od sab hrkgbw yofh clby hls liirw oh sabyb

svl tbw y}biodoi vjy5 bosabw jy )! lw jy ))!. os oy ohtjwojgn swbjsbc jy jh lwcohjw jn}ajgbsoi sbqs

iajwjisbw(

Oh }wjisoib. sab drhisolh ohcoijslw yofh ). jy vbnn jy sab lsabw SWJI ilhswln lw kbsj iajwjisbwy. yalrnc

gb ialybh oh jiilwcjhib vosa sabow bjyb oh s}ohf lh sab }jwsoirnjw `bgljwc sajs vonn gb rybc( Vabh

vlw`ohf vosa sab Sbnbs}b Klcbn 99 `bgljwc. sab 'r} jwwlv' iajwjisbw oy }jwsoirnjwn bjy sl ryb oh

ybzrbhib vosa sab }jwbhsabyoy(

Gbijryb klys drhisolhy wbzrowb ybtbwjn jwfrkbhsy. os oy hbibyyjw sl ajtb j ybs ld wrnby dlw cotocohf sab

sbqs yswohf ohyocb j drhisolh ohsl sab tjwolry yrgyswohfy vaoia vonn sabh gb ohcotocrjn jwfrkbhsy(

Ilkkjy drndonn saoy wlnb ld kjw`ohf sab }lohsy ld cotoyolh( Od sab sbqs yswohf ohyocb sab

drhisolh+cbnokosohf }jwbhsabyby ilhyoysy lhn ld ilkkjy jhc jn}ajgbsoi iajwjisbwy. cotoyolh oy clhb

yok}n js sab nlijsolhy ld sab ilkkjy(


7/18

Klwb fbhbwjnn. sab sbqs yswohf ld j drhisolh vonn gb klwb ilk}noijsbc( Os kj ilhsjoh sab ysjsbkbhs ld

jhlsabw drhisolh( Os kj ajtb }jowy ld }wlsbisotb }jwbhsabyby( Sabwb kj gb lsabw tjwojsolhy( Os oy

}wbioybn js saoy }lohs sajs SWJI b}oslkouby ybtbwjn rhozrb ilhswogrsolhy sl sab cbtbnl}kbhs ld j

njhfrjfb yysbk( Gbdlwb fbssohf ohsl sabyb cbsjony. dowys ilhyocbw ylkb ld sab yr}bwdoiojn jy}bisy ld

SWJI drhisolhy. vaonb lkossohf sab }wlgnbky ld hbysohf lw sab lsabw swoi` jy}bisy ld jwfrkbhsyswohfy(

Dlw yok}noios. okjfohb sab jwfrkbhs yswohfy sl gb ilk}lybc kbwbn ld ilkkjy jhc jn}ajgbsoi

iajwjisbwy. sab njssbw ajtohf hl yhsjisoi yofhodoijhib( J s}oijn SWJI drhisolh vonn ajtb saoy dlwk5

)!jg.Y:.Y7. ((( .Yh/

vabwb sab 'j' jhc 'g' jwb ohcotocrjn jn}ajgbsoi iajwjisbwy. jhc sab 'Y:' jwb jn}ajgbsoi yswohfy hls

ilhsjohohf ilkkjy( Sab svl ohosojn iajwjisbwy coysohfroya sab }jwsoirnjw SWJI drhisolh wb}wbybhsbc0

sab }jwsoirnjw iajwjisbwy ialybh dlw bjia drhisolh jwb ialybh dlw sabow kbklw+jocohf lw khbklhoi

jgonos( SWJI ajy jglrs 92 }wokosotb drhisolhy. jhc sary j yohfnb iajwjisbw vlrnc hls yrddoib(

J tjwobs ld coddbwbhs vjy ld wb}wbybhsohf j drhisolh vjy ilhyocbwbc crwohf sab cbyofh ld SWJI( Oh

sab gbfohhohf os vjy al}bc sajs sabwb vlrnc gb lhn dotb lw yoq gjyoi drhisolhy. jhc sajs ylkb zrosb

jggwbtojsbc bq}wbyyolh. }bwaj}y ohtlntohf }rhisrjsolh. ilrnc gb cbtbnl}bc( Ilhtbhobhib ld ryb yllh

dlwibc sab cbioyolh sl }wltocb j njwfbw hrkgbw ld }wokosotb drhisolhy( Sajs gbohf sab ijyb. sab

ohcoijsolh g sab svl+nbssbw khbklhoi ybbkbc sl gb sab gbys ylnrsolh(

Ilhyocbwjsolh vjy jnyl fotbh crwohf cbyofh sl sab jnsbwhjsotb drhisolhjn dlwky5

)jg!Y:. ((( .Yh/

!)jg.Yn. ((( .Yh/

Sab njssbw dlwk vjy sab yswlhfbys jnsbwhjsotb sl sab dlwk dohjnn jcl}sbc( Sab jcl}sbc dlwk )!jg.Yn. (((.Yh/ vjy dohjnn ialybh. }jwsn gbijryb ld osy ynofasn gbssbw wbjcjgonos. grs klwb }jwsoirnjwn gbijryb

os vlrnc jnnlv sab svl+nbssbw khbklhoi sl gb swbjsbc ilhyoysbhsn jy lhb ld sab jwfrkbhs yrgyswohfy(

Nbs ry hlv ilhyocbw svl ld sab klys gjyoi ld sab SWJI }wokosotb drhisolhy( Sab dowys oy sab cbdohb

yswohf drhisolh vaoia jnnlvy ry sl hjkb jhc sl yslwb j }obib ld sbqs( Os oy onnryswjsbc g5

)!cy.Jgi.Sab j}}nb oy wbc(/

Saoy drhisolh ijryby sab sbqs 'Sab j}}nb oy wbc(' sl gb }njibc oh yslwjfb. jhc sab hjkb 'Jgi' sl gb ybs

r} oh j sjgnb ld ilhsbhsy vosa j }lohsbw sl sab nlijsolh ld sab yslwbc sbqs( Hlsb sajs jn}ajgbsoi ijyb

yaodsy. od sab jwb j}}noijgnb. jwb wbsjohbc oh SWJI(

Sab ilrhsbw}jws drhisolh oy ijnn. onnryswjsbc g5

)!in.Jgi/

Sab wbyrns ld saoy ijnn oy sl gwohf sab hjkbc sbqs lrs ld yslwjfb !vosalrs bwjyrwb/ jhc sl ohybws sab sbqs

oh }njib ld sab ysjsbkbhs ld sab ijnn drhisolhy. o(b(. oh sab }njib ld sab 'Q!in.Jgi/'( Y}biodoijnn.

)!in.Jgi/

oy cbnbsbc dwlk sab yswohf oh vaoia os oy dlrhc. sab dlnnlvohf sbqs !od jh/ oy }ryabc jabjc. jhc sab sbqs


8/18

Sab j}}nb oy wbc(

oy }rs oh sab }njib dlwkbwn liir}obc g sab ijnn(

Hlsb sajs sab ijnn drhisolh nbjtby j tjnrb gbaohc oh osy }njib( Sary sab ijnn drhisolh oy j wb}wbybhsjsotbld sab injyy ld SWJI drhisolhy vaoia ajtb j tjnrb( Lh sab lsabw ajhc. sab cbdohb yswohf drhisolh.

jnsalrfa }wlcriohf j rybdrn jisolh. nbjtby hlsaohf gbaohc js sab nlijsolh vabwb sab cbdohb yswohf

ysjsbkbhs liirwwbc( Sary sab cbdohb yswohf drhisolh oy jh bqjk}nb ld j SWJI drhisolh vosa j hrnn

tjnrb( Od yria j drhisolh liirwy oh j yswohf ld sbqs. jdsbw sab }bwdlwkjhib ld sab drhisolh. sab bhinlyohf

sbqs oy inlybc r}. nbjtohf hl swjib ld sab drhisolh gbaohc( Hlsb by}biojnn sajs oh SWJI. 'hrnn tjnrb'

kbjhy y}biodoijnn 'hl iajwjisbw ld jh `ohc'. hls btbh sab y}jib iajwjisbw lw 'gnjh`' ld sab sjg ijwc(

Js saoy cjsb. vosa SWJI wrhhohf. sab }wbybhs dlwk ld sab cbdohb yswohf drhisolh jhc sab ijnn drhisolh

ybbk tbw yok}nb jhc lgtolry( Hbosabw ysjwsbc saoy vj(

Ohosojnn. sab jhjnlf ld sab cbdohb yswohf drhisolh oh SWJI coc klwb sajh kbwbn hjkb jhc wbilwc j

yswohf( Dlnnlvohf KiOnwl. os iwbjsbc jh bhsowb kjiwl bq}wbyyolh. ohinrcohf sab }lohsy ld yrgysosrsolh(Crb sl osy ilk}nbqos. os wbzrowbc j y}biojn yhsjq jhc drhisolhjn dlwk vaoia vjy coddbwbhs dwlk sab

wbys ld sab drhisolhy(

Sab ijnn drhisolh vjy oh btbh j vlwyb ysjsb ld jddjowy( Ohosojnn. sab ijnn vjy jh l}bwjslw sajs kltbc j

yswohf dwlk sab kbklw ohsl ylkb ibhswjn 'jiirkrnjslw' lw yiwjsia }jc. vabwb drwsabw l}bwjsolhy

kofas gb }bwdlwkbc lh sab yswohf( Byybhsojnn sab ijnn drhisolh. oh osy }aonlyl}a. vjy sabh inlybn

wbnjsbc sl sab 'yohfnb jccwbyy' klcb ld l}bwjsolh hlv jnklys rhotbwyjn oh ilk}rsbw }wlfwjkkohf( Sab

coddoirns vosa saoy vjy sajs sbqs. rhno`b j hrkgbw. oy hls j yok}nb bhsos0 os ajy bqsbhyolh. jhc ajy

kjh yb}jwjsb }jwsy( Sabwbdlwb. lhib sab sbqs dwlk j ijnn vjy oh sab jiirkrnjslw. }bwaj}y vosa

ybfkbhsy ld lsabw sbqs. os vjy coddoirns sl y}biod sab vjy oh vaoia sab tjwolry bnbkbhsy vbwb sl gb

ilkgohbc( Sabwb vbwb yl kjh }lyyogonosoby ++ yria jy ilhijsbhjsb. ohsbwiajhfb. yrgysosrsb. ybfkbhs.sj`b j iajwjisbw ++ sajs os ybbkbc rhno`bn sajs j rybdrn ybs ld l}bwjsolhy ilrnc gb `b}s bosabw ykjnn oh

hrkgbw lw ld yrddoiobhs fbhbwjnos( Jh jyyliojsbc coddoirns vjy sab j}}jwbhs hbbc dlw j fwbjs tjwobs ld

sbqs kjw`bwy sl ilhswln sab jisolh ld sab tjwolry drhisolhy. o(b(. sl kjw` sab gbfohhohf }lohsy. bhc

}lohsy. ohybwsolh }lohsy. jhc sab no`b( Jnyl. sab cbyofh ld rybdrn drhisolhy ilhsohrbc sl fotb woyb sl

ohysjhiby vabwb j y}biojn ijyb vosa j y}biojn wrnb vjy hbbcbc dlw j }wl}lybc hbv drhisolh( Saoy vjy

ohslnbwjgnb( Hl fllc ylnrsolh sl sabyb }wlgnbky vjy dlrhc crwohf sab ysrc ld sab yohfnb jccwbyy klcb

ld l}bwjsolh(

SAB ILK]WBABHYOTB ]AONLYL]A_ LD HBYSBC

DRHISOLHY

Sab gwbj`sawlrfa oh cbjnohf vosa sbqs jhc ijnny !jhc sabwbdlwb vosa jnn sab drhisolhy/ liirwwbc jy j

ilhybzrbhib ld j yrffbysolh oh sab ajhcnohf ld oh}rs jhc lrs}rs ilhswlny kjcb g Cbrsyia( R} sl sab

sokb ld saoy yrffbysolh. oh}rs jhc lrs}rs vjy kbyy jhc fbhbwjnn hlh+rhodlwk vosa sab wbys ld sab

btlntohf yysbk( Jy oh klys }wlfwjkkohf yysbky. os cochs dos oh( Sab yrffbysolh vjy sajs vb ajtb

svl oh}rs+lrs}rs drhisolhy. }wohs yswohf jhc wbjc yswohf. jhc sajs dlw gjyoi oh}rs jhc lrs}rs ilhswln

sabyb svl drhisolhy gb hbysbc( ]wohs yswohf oy wb}wbybhsbc g )!}y.Q/ vabwb Q wb}wbybhsy jh yswohf ld

jn}ajgbsoi iajwjisbwy( Saoy drhisolh ijryby sab }wohsohf lrs ld sab yswohf wb}wbybhsbc g Q( Wbjc yswohf

oy wb}wbybhsbc g )!wy/. jhc ijryby sab }wlibyylw sl 'noysbh' sl sab s}bvwosbw( Sab tjnrb ld sab wbjc

yswohf drhisolh oy sab yswohf ld iajwjisbwy s}bc oh js sab `bgljwc( Dlw oh}rs jhc lrs}rs ilhswln. sabyb

drhisolhy jwb hbysbc ohsl sab bq}wbyyolh ijnnbc sab ocnohf }wlfwjk5


9/18

)!}y.)!wy//

Jy vonn gb bq}njohbc oh fwbjsbw cbsjon njsbw. yria ilk}lrhc bq}wbyyolhy jwb btjnrjsbc g vlw`ohf dwlk

sab ohyocb lrs. btjnrjsohf jnn drhisolhy( Sary sab wbjc yswohf drhisolh oy sab dowys lhb sl gb btjnrjsbc(

Sab ocnohf }wlfwjk oy sab ohosojn ysjsb ld sab }wlibyylw( Sabh vabh j cbdohb yswohf bq}wbyyolh yria jy

)!cy.jj.Sab wjs jsb sab iabbyb(/

oy s}bc oh. saoy bq}wbyyolh wb}njiby sab )!wy/ sl fotb5

)!}y.)!cy.jj.Sab wjs jsb sab iabbyb(//

Sab cbdohb yswohf bq}wbyyolh oy hbqs bqbirsbc jhc ijryby sab hjkohf jhc wbilwcohf ld sab sbqs( Js sab

bhc ld sab l}bwjsolh. lhn )!}y./ oy nbds. gbijryb ld sab hrnn tjnrb ld sab cbdohb yswohf drhisolh. jhc

hlsaohf oy nbds sl s}b lrs( Sab }wlibyylw oy jfjoh wbyslwbc sl sab ohosojn ysjsb g jrslkjsoi wbnljcohf ld

sab ocnohf }wlfwjk( Hbqs. g s}ohf oh )!in.jj/vb vonn. ysb} g ysb}. ajtb sab dlnnlvohf jisolhy5

)!}y.)!in.jj//

)!}y.Sab wjs jsb sab iabbyb(/

jhc dohjnn j s}blrs ld sab sbqs5

Sab wjs jsb sab iabbyb(

Dwlk saoy ohosojn yrffbysolh. os vjy }lyyognb sl btlntb j ilk}wbabhyotb }aonlyl}a ld hbysbc drhisolhy.

jhc sl wbijys jnn ld sab ocbjy ld SWJI vaoia ajc gbbh cbtbnl}bc sl sajs cjsb( Sab dowys saohf vjy sl

sawlv lrs ilk}nbsbn sab hlsolhy ld j 'yohfnb+jccwbyy+jiirkrnjslw' dlwk ld lwfjhoujsolh( Oh osy }njib.

j salwlrfaflohf jcl}solh ld sab hlsolh ld hbysbc drhisolhjn bq}wbyyolhy vjy sj`bh( Jnn drhisolhjnbq}wbyyolhy ajtb bosabw j hrnn tjnrb. lw. od sab ajtb j tjnrb. sabow tjnrb oy ohybwsbc oh sab }njib ld sab

drhisolhjn bq}wbyyolh( Jiilwcohfn. sabwb oy hl hbbc dlw j sbk}lwjw nokgl vosa sab hjkb ld

'jiirkrnjslw' sl alnc sbqs oh }wlibyy( ]bwaj}y klwb ok}lwsjhs. bjia drhisolhjn bq}wbyyolh ybwtby jy j

yhsjisoi kjw`bw dlw yalvohf vabwb osy sbqs tjnrb oy sl gb ohybwsbc vosaoh ylkb lsabw bq}wbyyolh( Saoy

oy jh bqibbcohfn }lvbwdrn jhc tbwyjsonb cbtoib(

Lhb yalrnc hls gb yrw}woybc js sab }lvbw ld ryohf j drhisolhjn bq}wbyyolh jy sab kjw`bw dlw sab

nlijsolh ld ohybwsolh ld j tjnrb. yohib saoy oy bqjisn sab sbiahozrb cbtbnl}bc ltbw sab ibhsrwoby oh

kjsabkjsoiy dlw cbjnohf vosa sab klys fbhbwjn `ohcy ld ilkgohjsolh ld jgyswjis jhc nosbwjn zrjhsosoby(

Jnyl. yohib kjsabkjsoijn yiwo}s oy hlsaohf grs j ysjhcjwcoubc jhc }wohsbc tbwyolh ld ajhcvwossbh yofhy.

btlntbc jhc klcodobc sl yros sab ilhtbhobhib ld fbhbwjsolhy ld kjsabkjsoiojhy. jfjoh vb yalrnc hls

gb yrw}woybc sajs sab sbiahozrb kj`by dlw j ilhtbhobhs rybwy yiwo}s(

Sab ilk}wbabhyotb swbjskbhs ld hbysbc drhisolhy oh SWJI }bwkosy sab groncohf ld j SWJI }wlibyylw

vaoia ajy hl 'y}biojn ijyby' dlw sab }bwdlwkjhib ld osy jisolhy( Js sab gbfohhohf ld jh }wlibyyohf

iinb. jy sab ohosojnoujsolh ysb}. sab ocnohf bq}wbyyolh )!}y.)!wy// oy jrslkjsoijnn nljcbc ohsl sab

ilk}rsjsolhjn lw yiwjsia }jc jwbj ld sab }wlibyylw( Sbqs wbjc oh dwlk sab s}bvwosbw `bgljwc sabh

j}}bjwy oh }njib ld sab )!wy/ oh sab jwfrkbhs yswohf ld sab }wohs yswohf drhisolh( Od saoy sbqs wbjc oh

ohinrcby jh drhisolhjn ysjsbkbhsy. sabyb jwb }bwdlwkbc( Js sab bhc. od sabwb oy j tjnrb nbds gbaohc dwlk

sab drhisolhjn ysjsbkbhsy. os oy }wohsbc lrs g sab }wohs yswohf drhisolh( Sab }wohs yswohf drhisolh osybnd

ajy j hrnn tjnrb. yl sab yiwjsia }jc oy dohjnn nbds bk}s( Js saoy }lohs. sab }wlibyylw wb+ohosojnouby

!wbybssohf }rya clvh noysy jhc wbfoysbwy. wbnljcohf sab ocnohf bq}wbyyolh. grs os clby hls bwjyb sab

yswohfy oh yslwjfb lw sabow hjkby/( Sab SWJI }wlibyylw oy hlv wbjc dlw drwsabw oh}rs(


10/18

Ok}noios oh sab jgltb ysjsbkbhs oy sab ok}lwsjhs djis sajs jnn sab ilk}rsjsolh oh SWJI !o(b(. jnn sab

btjnrjsolh ld drhisolhy. jnn kjho}rnjsolh ld yswohfy/ nlfoijnn liirwy vosaoh sab jwfrkbhs yswohf ld sab

}wohs yswohf drhisolh( Yohib drhisolhy ijh gb hbysbc sl jh cb}sa. g ohcrisolh jnn ilk}rsjsolh oh

SWJI liirwy vosaoh ylkb jwfrkbhs yswohf oh sab hbys(

Sl rhcbwysjhc sab l}bwjsolh ld SWJI. lhb krys sabwbdlwb jnvjy saoh` oh sbwky ld vajs oy aj}}bhohf

oh jh jwfrkbhs yswohf( Klwbltbw. yohib drhisolhy jwb bkgbccbc oh jwfrkbhs yswohfy. jhc yohib sabyb

drhisolhy sabkybntby ajtb jwfrkbhs yswohfy. vb ajtb jh rhnokosbc jgonos sl cbjn vosa aofabw jhc

aofabw nbtbny ld coyilrwyb( Od sab }wlgnbky ld wbnjsohf sabyb nbtbny ld coyilrwyb ijh gb ilk}nbsbn

ylntbc. sabh vb yalrnc }wbyrkjgn ajtb j klys }lvbwdrn }wlibyylw( Os j}}bjwy sajs oh SWJI vb ajtb

j yok}nb jhc inlybc ylnrsolh sl sabyb kjssbwy(

SAB SWJI JNFLWOSAK

Sab btjnrjsolh ld SWJI drhisolhy. jhc sab wbnjsolh gbsvbbh sab coddbwbhs nbtbny ld sab jwfrkbhs

yswohfy. oy ilk}nbsbn cbsbwkohbc g sab yijhhohf jhc btjnrjsolh jnflwosak ld SWJI( Sl j dowysj}}wlqokjsolh. sab yijh }wlibyy l}bwjsby dwlk nbds sl wofas. dwlk sab lrsyocb oh. ysjwsohf vosa sab }wohs

yswohf drhisolh ld sab ocnohf bq}wbyyolh( Oh lwcbw dlw jh drhisolh sl gb btjnrjsbc. os oy hbibyyjw sajs

jnn ld osy jwfrkbhs yswohf krys gb ilhtbwsbc dwlk jh 'jisotb dlwk'. ilhsjohohf }lyyognb rhbtjnrjsbc

drhisolhy. sl j 'hbrswjn dlwk' oh vaoia jnn sab btjnrjsolhy }bwkossbc g sab SWJI yijhhohf jnflwosak

ajtb gbbh ilk}nbsbc( Sary. oh jh bq}wbyyolh ld hbysbc drhisolhy. sab dowys drhisolh jisrjnn sl gb

btjnrjsbc vonn gb sab dowys ohhbw drhisolh vaoia ilhsjohy hl lsabw drhisolh oh osy jwfrkbhs yswohf(

Ylkbsokby sab tjnrb ld j drhisolh vonn gb j yswohf jfjoh ilhsjohohf lhb lw klwb drhisolhy( Od yl. sabwb

jwb svl vjy oh vaoia sab yijhhohf oy wbyrkbc( Sabyb }lyyogonosoby jwb cbsbwkohbc g vabsabw sab

drhisolh }wlcriohf sab hbv tjnrb vjy ld s}b )! / lw ld s}b ))! /( Od sab tjnrb yswohf vjy }wlcribc g

j )! / drhisolh. sab hbv tjnrb yswohf krys oh srwh gb yijhhbc jhc osy drhisolhy btjnrjsbc. jhc yl lh. yl

nlhf jy )! / drhisolhy ilhsohrb sl j}}bjw jhc sl }wlcrib tjnrby( Alvbtbw. od sab tjnrb vjy }wlcribcg j ))! / drhisolh. sab hbv tjnrb yswohf ++ vajsbtbw os kj ilhsjoh ++ oy swbjsbc sabwbjdsbw jy j hbrswjn

yswohf. o(b(. jh drhisolhy os kj ilhsjoh !ld jh ylws/ jwb hls btjnrjsbc(

Jy sab jisotb jwfrkbhs yswohf oy yijhhbc. osy iajwjisbwy jwb swjhydbwwbc lhb g lhb dwlk sab jisotb sl

sab hbrswjn yswohf( Sary jh jisotb yswohf oy cb}nbsbc dwlk osy nbds+ajhc bhc. jhc sab iajwjisbwy lgsjohbc

jwb jccbc sl sab wofas+ajhc bhc ld sab hbrswjn yswohf gbohf grons r}( Od j ilkkj( oy bhilrhsbwbc crwohf

sab yijh ld jh jisotb yswohf. os oy cbnbsbc. jhc osy nlijsolh kjw`y sab bhc ld lhb jwfrkbhs yrgyswohf jhc

sab gbfohhohf ld sab hbqs( Sary od jh jwfrkbhs yswohf ilhyoysy ld lhn jn}ajgbsoi iajwjisbwy jhc

ilkkjy. sab ilkkjy vonn ilk}nbsbn cbsbwkohb sab cotoyolhy ld sab sbqs yswohf ohsl sab tjwolry

jwfrkbhsy ld sab drhisolh(

G sab yijhhohf }wlibyy. od j }jow ld inlybc }jwbhsabyby hls ohcoijsohf j drhisolh oy bhilrhsbwbc oh jh

jwfrkbhs yswohf. sab }jwbhsabyby sabkybntby jwb cbnbsbc. jhc sab bhsowb ilhsbhs gbsvbbh sab kjsiaohf

}jow ld }jwbhsabyby oy swjhydbwwbc sl sab hbrswjn yswohf( Saoy swjhydbw ohinrcby jh drhisolh bq}wbyyolh.

jh ilkkjy. jh hrkgbw ld inlybc }jowbc }jwbhsabyby sl jh cbfwbb ld hbysohf. jy vbnn+jy jh dlwkjs

iajwjisbwy yria jy ijwwojfb wbsrwh( Sab }wlibyylw `bb}y j yswois }jwbhsabyoy ilrhs sl cbsbwkohb sab

nlijsolh ld sab kjsiaohf wofas+ajhc }jwbhsabyoy( Saoy kbjhy sajs jh jssbk}s sl ohybws rh}jowbc

}jwbhsabyby bq}noiosn oh jh jwfrkbhs yswohf vonn fbhbwjnn ijryb sab yil}b ld ylkb jwfrkbhs sl gb oh

bwwlw. jhc vonn ryrjnn ijryb j ybwolry bwwlw oh sab bqbirsolh ld j }wlibcrwjn ysjsbkbhs(

Sab ohjgonos bq}noiosn sl ajhcnb rh}jowbc }jwbhsabyby oy hls jh jgylnrsb nokosjsolh oh SWJI. yohib

rh}jowbc }jwbhsabyby ijh gb cbjns vosa ok}noiosn g ryb ld sab hbrswjn drhisolh dlwk ld sab ijnn ))!in.

/( Yohib rh}jowbc }jwbhsabyby ijh oh saoy kjhhbw gb `b}s lrs ld sab jisotb jwfrkbhs yswohf ld jh


11/18

drhisolh. sab cl hls ijryb swlrgnb(

Vb yalrnc hlsb sab inlyb }jwjnnbn gbsvbbh sab yohfnb ybs ld }wlsbisohf }jwbhsabyby ! /( jhc sab ))! /

drhisolhy( Sab ! / ohyocb j drhisolh ijryby j swjhydbw ld sab bhsowb bq}wbyyolh ilhsjohbc vosaoh sl sab

hbrswjn yswohf ld sajs drhisolh( Sab ))! / ijryby j swjhydbw ld sab bhsowb yswohf }wlcribc g sab drhisolhsl sab hbrswjn yswohf ld jh bhinlyohf drhisolh(

SWJI j}}bjwy sl gb sab lhn }wlibyylw vaoia }bwkosy ryb ld glsa sab )! / jhc sab ))! / `ohc ld

drhisolh btjnrjsolhy( Sab yswohf }wlibyylw ld KiOnwl gjybc r}lh sab kjiwl jyybkgn yysbk ryby

drhisolhy ylnbn ld sab )! / s}b( Saoy `ohc ld drhisolh. ijnnbc sab jisotb drhisolh. oy sab lhb sajs

ybbky sl gb sab klys rybc oh vwosohf SWJI }wlibcrwby( Sab hbrswjn drhisolh b}oslkoubc g ))! / oy

rybc ylkbvajs nbyy dwbzrbhsn. kjohn gbijryb os clby hls nbjc sl jh jrslkjsoijnn osbwjsbc.

wb+btjnrjsolh ld sab yswohfy }wlcribc( NOY]. dlw bqjk}nb. j}}bjwy sl gb gjybc bqinryotbn r}lh sab

hbrswjn drhisolh(

Sabwb oy j dohjn }lohs jglrs sab SWJI yijhhohf jnflwosak. vaoia kofas js dowys ybbk sl gb swotojn. grs

vaoia oy ld ilhyocbwjgnb }wjisoijn ok}lwsjhib( Sab iajwjisbwy dlw 'ijwwojfb wbsrwh'. 'nohb dbbc'. jhc'sjgrnjsb' !od jtjonjgnb sl sab `bgljwc/ jwb jrslkjsoijnn cbnbsbc g sab yijh jnflwosak vabwb sab

liirw oh jh jwfrkbhs yswohf. rhnbyy sab liirw vosaoh ylkb }wlsbisohf }jow ld }jwbhsabyby( Sab wbjylh

dlw saoy oy sajs j SWJI }wlibcrwb kj ilhsjoh j tbw ilk}nbq ybzrbhib ld drhisolhy( Os oy sabh abn}drn

dlw bjy wbjcjgonos sl vwosb sabyb drhisolhy oh j ilnrkh. wjsabw sajh oh j ylnoc nohb jiwlyy j }jfb( G

jrslkjsoi cbnbsolh ld sab rh}wlsbisbc dlwkjs iajwjisbwy. os oy }lyyognb sl dlwkjs yria j ybzrbhib ld

drhisolhy vosalrs ajtohf sab dlwkjs iajwjisbwy sabkybntby srwh r} njsbw !jy tjnrby/ oh jh rhvjhsbc

djyaolh js sab bhc ld sab btjnrjsolh(

SAB SWJI ]WOKOSOTB DRHISOLHY

Vb hlv wbyrkb lrw ilhyocbwjsolh ld sab SWJI }wokosotb drhisolhy. vosa j dbv bqjk}nby ld sabowbddbis( Os yalrnc gb yswbyybc sajs sab kjelw ilhswogrsolh ld SWJI clby hls nob oh sab }jwsoirnjw ybs ld

}wokosotb drhisolhy sajs vbwb ialybh( Vaonb sab jwb j tbw rybdrn jhc ilhtbhobhs ybs dlw sab vlw`

ilhsbk}njsbc. dlw lsabw vlw` jhlsabw ybs kofas gb klwb j}}wl}wojsb( Sab ok}lwsjhs ilhswogrsolh ld

SWJI noby oh sab salwlrfaflohf tobv}lohs ld drhisolhy hbysbc vosaoh jwfrkbhs yswohfy. sab

coysohisolhy gbsvbbh sab kjhhbw ld ryb ld )! / jhc ))! /. jhc sab yiabkb g vaoia saoy oy jnn sobc

slfbsabw( Oh lsabw vlwcy. sab kjelw ilhswogrsolh noby oh sab jwbj ld sab SWJI yijhhohf jnflwosak(

Fotbh sab SWJI jnflwosak jy j yrgyswjsb. os oy }lyyognb sl ilhyocbw sab bk}nlkbhs ld j tjwobs ld

rybdrn }wokosotb drhisolhy( Jy svl bqjk}nby. drhisolhy kofas gb rybc vaoia vbwb klwb j}}wl}wojsb sl

j coialslklry noys+yswrisrwbc cjsj gjyb. lw drhisolhy kofas gb rybc sl ok}nbkbhs sab ILKOS lw

YHLGLN s}b ld yijhhohf jhc wb}njibkbhs }aonlyl}a(

Oh yysbkjsoi wbtobv ld sab SWJI }wokosotb drhisolh ybs. vb gbfoh vosa sab }wohs yswohf drhisolh !1/(

]wohs yswohf )!}y.Q/ oy j }wokosotb drhisolh ld svl jwfrkbhsy. hjkbn sab svl+nbssbw khbklhoi }y jhc

sab yohfnb hbrswjn yswohf wb}wbybhsbc g Q( Od sab yil}b ld jh }wohs yswohf drhisolh ajy jccosolhjn

hbrswjn yswohfy. yria jy oh )!}y.Q:.Q7.Q9/. lhn sab dowys hbrswjn yswohf Q vonn gb rybc. jhc sab wbys vonn

gb ofhlwbc jhc vonn coyj}}bjw dwlk sab ilk}rsjsolh( Os ajy gbbh dlrhc. oh saoy jhc lsabw drhisolhy. sajs

saoy dbjsrwb }wltocby j tbw ajhc vj sl fbs woc ld saohfy( Sab }wohio}nb l}bwjsby dlw jnn drhisolhy

vaoia jwb cbdohbc dlw j y}biodobc hrkgbw ld jwfrkbhs yswohfy( Sab }wohs yswohf drhisolh ajy j hrnn

tjnrb( Hlsb sajs sab )! / tbwyry ))! / coysohisolh kj`by hl coddbwbhib oh sab bddbis ld sab }wohs yswohf

drhisolh. yohib }wohs yswohf ajy hl tjnrb(


12/18

Sab wbjc yswohf drhisolh )!wy/ ajy sab tjnrb ilhyoysohf ld sab yswohf ld iajwjisbwy s}bc js sab `bgljwc

r} sl sab dowys liirwwbhib ld j y}biodobc kbsj iajwjisbw( Abwb vb vonn ryb sab j}lyswl}ab jy sab kbsj

iajwjisbw( Saoy iajwjisbw ajy j kbjhohf sajs ijh gb wbjc 'bhc ld sbqs'( Saoy kbsj iajwjisbw ijh gb

wbjcon iajhfbc. jy vonn gb bq}njohbc njsbw( Sab kbsj iajwjisbw oy wbkltbc dwlk sab oh}rs yswohf dlw jnn

wbjc oh clhb g )!wy/(

J tjwojsolh ld sab wbjc yswohf drhisolh oy sab wbjc iajwjisbw drhisolh )!wi/ vaoia vonn wbjc oh lhb

iajwjisbw( Os vonn jiib}s jhc swjhykos jh iajwjisbw. ohinrcohf sab bhc+ld+sbqs kbsj iajwjisbw. lw btbh j

yohfnb. rh}jowbc }jwbhsabyoy(

Hlsb sajs g ryb ld )) lw ) os oy }lyyognb sl ilhswln sab coy}lyosolh. js sab hbqs nbtbn. ld sab iajwjisbwy

wbjc g bosabw sab wbjc yswohf lw sab wbjc iajwjisbw drhisolh( Ilhyocbw sab svl SWJI bq}wbyyolhy5

)!cy.J.)!wi//Q

jhc

)!cy.G.))!wi//Q

Sabyb vonn ijryb sab wbilwcohf ld tjwolry saohfy. cb}bhcohf r}lh vajs oy s}bc oh dlw sab ykgln Q(

Sab ybilhc bq}wbyyolh vonn ijryb vajsbtbw iajwjisbw vjy s}bc oh sl gb yslwbc. vabsabw sab iajwjisbw

vjy jh jn}ajgbsoi iajwjisbw. jon j}lyswl}ab. j ilkkj. j wofas lw nbds }jwbhsabyoy. lw j hrkgbw yofh(

Alvbtbw. gbijryb j )! / drhisolh }bwkosy j wb+yijh ld sab tjnrb bkossbc. sab dowys bq}wbyyolh vonn hls

}bwkos yslwjfb oh ibwsjoh ld sabyb ijyby( Oh }jwsoirnjw. sab dlwk J vonn gb hrnn !bk}s/ vabh Q ajy sab

tjnrb ld ilkkj. lw bosabw ld sab }jwbhsabyby. grs os vonn yslwb jh lsabw iajwjisbw(

Ilhyocbw sab ijyb ab wbjc yswohf drhisolh( Sab SWJI bq}wbyyolh

)!cy.I.)!wy//Q

oh vaoia Q kj ilhsjoh j drhisolh. lw j }wlibcrwb ld ybtbwjn drhisolhy. vonn ijryb sab }wlibyylw sl sw

sl bqbirsb okkbcojsbn jh drhisolhy vaoia vbwb wbjc oh. gbdlwb sab sbqs oy ybhs ldd sl yslwjfb(

Lh sab lsabw ajhc. sab bq}wbyyolh

)!cy.C.))!wy//Q

vonn wbjc oh jhc wbilwc 'tbwgjsok' jgylnrsbn jh yswohf ld iajwjisbwy !ohinrcohf rh}jowbc }jwbhsabyby.

ilkkjy. drhisolhy. lw jhsaohf bnyb/ r} sl sab }lohs js vaoia sab dowys j}lyswl}ab oy s}bc oh !vaoia oy

cbnbsbc/( Hl btjnrjsolh oy }bwdlwkbc gbdlwb wbilwcohf(

Sab bhc+ld+wbjc+oh kbsj iajwjisbw ijh gb iajhfbc vosa sab drhisolh iajhfb kbsj )!ik.Q/( Bqbirsolh

ld saoy drhisolh vonn ijryb sab dowys iajwjisbw ld sab hbrswjn yswohf Q sl gbilkb sab hbv kbsj iajwjisbw(

G ryb ld saoy drhisolh. vb ijh yocbysb} jh nokosjsolh crb sl j doqbc bhc+ld+sbqs kbsj iajwjisbw(

SWJI krys ajtb sab jgonos sl nlijsb iajwjisbwy jhc yrgyswohfy vosaoh yswohfy. jhc sl ohybws hbv sbqs oh

yria nlijsolh( Js jh bjwn cbyofh ysjfb. j }wokosotb ohybws yswohfdrhisolh vjy ilhyocbwbc dlw

}bwdlwkohf yria jh l}bwjsolh( Yria j drhisolh vlrnc ajtb sab dlwk )!oy.H.Q._/ vabwb H ysjhcy dlw

sab hjkb ld sab dlwk sl gb jisbc r}lh. Q wb}wbybhsy sab nosbwjn tjnrb ld sab yrgyswohf sl gb nlijsbc oh

sab yswohf vosa hjkb H. jhc _ wb}wbybhsy sab tjnrb ld sab yswohf sl gb ohybwsbc jy j wb}njibkbhs(


13/18

SWJI }bwdlwky saoy sjy` oh jhlsabw vj. fjohohf ylkb fbhbwjnos g yb}jwjsohf sab l}bwjsolh ohsl svl

ysb}y( Os ryby sab ybfkbhs yswohf l}bwjsolh wb}wbybhsbc g

)!yy.H.Q:.Q7. ((( .Qh/

vabwb H wb}wbybhsy sab hjkb ld sab sbqs vaoia oy jisbc r}lh. jhc sab Q: wb}wbybhs hbrswjn yswohfy( Oh

l}bwjsolh. sab yswohf hjkbc H oy sj`bh dwlk sab yslwb( Os oy dowys yijhhbc dwlk nbds sl wofas oh ybjwia dlw

j kjsia vosa yswohf Q:( Vabwbtbw j kjsia vosa Q: oy dlrhc. sab kjsiaohf iajwjisbwy jwb cbnbsbc dwlk

sab yswohf. jhc sab }njib oy kjw`bc vosa j ybfkbhs fj} ohcoijslw ld lwcohjn tjnrb lhb( Saoy kjw`bw

ilrnc gb j }lohsbw( Alvbtbw. oh sab irwwbhs SWJI ok}nbkbhsjsolh. sab kjw`bw oy j y}biojn iajwjisbw

lrsyocb sab wjhfb ld sab oh}rs ilcby( Sab yijhhbw hlv wbyrkby vosa vosa Q:. dohcohf jhc kjw`ohf

lsabw kjsiaohf }lwsolhy ld sbqs. cbnbsohf jhc kjw`ohf sabyb nlijsolhy oh srwh vosa sab ybfkbhs fj}

ohcoijslw lw lwcohjn tjnrb lhb( Vabh sab kjsiaohf l}bwjsolh vosa yswohf Q: oy ilk}nbsbc. sab

}wlibyylw yijhy sab klcodobc sbqs !Vosa cbnbsolhy jhc kjw`bwy/ jhc nll`y dlw j kjsia vosa sab yswohf

Q7( Vabwb os dohcy j kjsia. os kj`by j cbnbsolh jhc ohybwsy kjw`bwy ld lwcohjn tjnrb svl( Jhc yl lh.

rhson sab yswohf hjkbc H ajy gbbh yijhhbc dlw kjsiaby vosa jnn sab yswohfy bhrkbwjsbc oh sab ybfkbhs

yswohf drhisolh( Sab kjw`bc yswohf oy hlv wb}njibc oh sab SWJI kbklw rhcbw sab hjkb H( Yria j

kjw`bc yswohf oh yslwjfb oy ijnnbc j dlwk. jhc oh fbhbwjn jh sbqs oh yslwjfb oy ijnnbc j dlwk( Sab

ybfkbhs yswohf drhisolh ajy hrnn tjnrb(

J ybfkbhsbc dlwk hlv ijh gb gwlrfas dlwsa. vosa ohybwsolhy ld hbv sbqs oh sab ybfkbhs fj}y g

kbjhy ld sab ijnn drhisolh. vaoia oh osy drnn dlwk oy wb}wbybhsbc g

)!i:.H._:._7. ((( ._h/

vabwb H jfjoh ysjhcy dlw sab hjkb ld sab dlwk ijnnbc dlwsa. jhc sab hbrswjn yswohfy _n. _7. ((( ._h jwb

sab hbv yswohfy sl gb ohybwsbc oh sab nlijsolhy kjw`bc g sab ilwwby}lhcohf ybfkbhs fj}y(

Lgybwtb sajs sab cbdohb yswohf jhc sab ybfkbhs yswohf drhisolh slfbsabw bddbisotbn iwbjsb j kjiwl

cbdohosolh. oh vaoia sab Qny jwb sab crkk tjwojgnby oh sab kjiwl cbdohosolh( Sab kjiwl ijnn oy sabh

}bwdlwkbc g sab SWJI ijnn. vosa sab }jwjkbsbwy ld sab ijnn gbohf sab _:y(

Jh ok}lwsjhs }lohs sl lgybwtb oh ilhhbisolh vosa sab SWJI ybfkbhs yswohf drhisolh oy sajs. oh

ilk}jwoylh. KiOnwly kjiwl jyybkgnbw jhc NOY] ijh jis lhn r}lh jslky!oh sab sbwkohlnlf ld

NOY]/( G saoy oy kbjhs sajs bjia crkk tjwojgnb Q: ajy sl gb jh ohcotoyognb ykgln !no`b sab

ykglny oh jyybkgn njhfrjfb }wlfwjkkohf/ jhc bjia ykgln krys kjsia bqjisn ylkb lsabw ykgln

ybs ldd g ilkkjy. o(b(. jhlsabw jslk( Kjsiaby jwb hls }bwkossbc oh sab koccnb ld sab sbqs lw oh

jwgoswjw iajwjisbw yswohfy( Sary glsa sabyb yysbky jwb zrosb nokosbc oh sabow jgonos sl cbjn vosa sbqs oh

fbhbwjn( Zrosb yswoisn. sab jwb ykgln kjho}rnjslwy. wjsabw sajh gbohf sbqs kjho}rnjslwy. jy oy SWJI(

Sab ijhhls ilhijsbhjsb svl jslky. vosa sab wbkltjn ld ilkkjy gbsvbbh0 hbosabw ijh sab cotocbjslky( Yohib jslky clhs bqoys dlw SWJI. glsa ld sabyb jwb swotojn l}bwjsolhy dlw os(

Sab kjoh yswrisrwb ld SWJI ++ b}oslkoubc g sab yoq }wokosotb drhisolhy }y. wy.wi. cy. yy. jhc in ++

ajtb hlv gbbh iltbwbc( Bqjk}nby ld sab ryb ld sabyb drhisolhy vonn gb dlrhc oh sab j}}bhcoq( Sab

wbkjohohf SWJI }wokosotb drhisolhy vonn hlv gb wbtobvbc( Gwjhiaohf oy }bwdlwkbc oh j hrkgbw ld

coddbwbhs vjy( Sab klys lgtolry oy jiilwcohf sl yswohf bzrjnos( Saoy oy clhb g sab bzrjny drhisolh

vaoia oy wb}wbybhsbc g )!bz.Q._.S.D/ vabwb bjia ld Q. _. S. jhc D ysjhc dlw j yswohf( Od sab yswohf Q

oy sab yjkb jy yswohf _. sab tjnrb ld sab drhisolh oy sab yswohf S0 lsabwvoyb osy tjnrb oy sab yswohf D(

Hlsb sajs yswohfy S jhc D kj ilhsjoh bosabw sbqs lw drhisolh0 sary os oy }lyyognb sl gwjhia sl j hbv

yrgwlrsohb( Hrkbwoijn ilk}jwoylhy jwb kjcb g sab fwbjsbw sajh drhisolh )!fw.Q._.S.D/( Saoy ajy

sab tjnrb S lw D jiilwcohf sl vabsabw Q oy hrkbwoijnn bzrjn sl lw fwbjsbw sajh _. lw hls(


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]jwsy ld dlwky ijh gb wbjc dwlk yslwjfb. vosa gwjhiaohf od sab dlwk oy bk}s( Bjia j}}noijsolh ld sab

ijnn iajwjisbw drhisolh )!ii.H.D/ wbyrnsy oh wbjcohf lrs sab hbqs iajwjisbw dwlk sab dlwk valyb hjkb

oy wb}wbybhsbc g sab ykgln H( Jy bjia iajwjisbw oy wbjc lrs. j }lohsbw oy kltbc jabjc lhb }njib(

Sab iajwjisbw wbjc lrs oy sab tjnrb ld saoy drhisolh( Vabh sab }lohsbw ajy wbjiabc sab wofas bhc ld sab

dlwk. sab tjnrb ld sab drhisolh oy D( Jfjoh. sab yswohf D kj ilhsjoh j ijnn dlw j hbv }wlibcrwb lwyrgwlrsohb( Sab inlybn wbnjsbc ijnn ybfkbhs drhisolh )!iy.H.D/ ijnny lrs sab sbqs ybfkbhsy. lhb g

lhb. vaoia vbwb dlwkbc g sab l}bwjsolh ld sab ybfkbhs yswohf drhisolh( Jfjoh vabh sab ybfkbhsy jwb

bqajrysbc. sab drhisolh ajy sab tjnrb ld sab yswohf D(

Sab drhisolh ijnn h iajwjisbwy!)!ih.H.h.D/ ajy jy osy tjnrb sab hbqs h iajwjisbwy ld sab dlwk hjkbc H

!ybfkbhs fj}y gbohf cbnbsbc crwohf sab ijnn/. jhc ajy sab tjnrb D vabh sab dlwk oy bk}s( Sab

drhisolh ohosojn )!oh.H.Q.D/ nll`y dlw sab dowys liirwwbhib ld sab hbrswjn yswohf Q oh sab dlwk vosa hjkb

H( Sab tjnrb ld saoy drhisolh oy sabh sab abjc bhc. lw sab ohosojn }jws. ld sab dlwk H. r} sl sab }lohs

vabwb sab yswohf Q dohcy j kjsia( Sab kjsiaohf iajwjisbwy ld sab dlwk H jwb hlv y`o}}bc ltbw. jhc

sab wbjc }lohsbw oy hlv kltbc r} sl sab dowys iajwjisbw ld sab wbkjohohf dlwk( Vabh saoy drhisolh oy

j}}nobc jfjoh sl sab yjkb dlwk. os vonn fbs jhlsabw ohosojn yswohf dwlk sab wbkjohohf }jws ld sab dlwk.

jhc yl lh( Vabh sab dlwk oy bk}s. sab drhisolh ajy sab tjnrb D(

Sab ijnny vosa khbklhoiy ii.iy. oh. jhc ihjnn klcod sab yjkb }lohsbw. vaoia oy jssjiabc sl sab

wbilwcbc dlwk( Vabh sab nlijsolh ld sab }lohsbw oh j dlwk ajy gbbh iajhfbc g ii. iy. oh. lw ih. j

yrgybzrbhs ijnn g in vonn ajtb j tjnrb vaoia oy sab sbqs sajs dlnnlvy sab }lohsbw( Sab }lohsbw ijh gb

wbyslwbc sl sab abjc ld sab dlwk g sab ijnn wbyslwb drhisolh )!iw.H/ vaoia ajy hrnn tjnrb(

Jhlsabw sbiahoijn }lohs. grs lhb ld ilhyocbwjgnb }wjisoijn ok}lwsjhib. oy sajs sab drhisolhy ii. iy. oh.

jhc ih ajtb sabow tjnrby jy wbjc lrs dwlk sab ijnnbc dlwk ilhswlnnbc g sab ). )) coysohisolh. vaonb sab

drhisolh tjnrb dlw sab bk}s dlwk !o(b(. dwlk sab yswohf D/ oy jnvjy swbjsbc jiilwcohf sl sab ) wrnb(

Saoy }bwkosy lhb sl wbjc lrs yswohfy ohsl sab hbrswjn jwfrkbhs yswohf. grs vabh sab dlwk oy bk}s sl

ijryb bqbirsolh ld j ijnn grwobc oh D sl ijryb j swjhydbw sl j hbv }wlibcrwb(

Os vjy hls ohsbhcbc sajs SWJI ajtb jh fwbjs }lvbw oh hrkbwoijn ilk}rsjsolh. grs jh jgonos vosa

ohsbfbw jwosakbsoi vjy ilhyocbwbc byybhsojn oh lwcbw sl ajhcnb jwwjy( Sary SWJI vjy fotbh j

ij}jgonos dlw ohsbfbw jwosakbsoi. vosa sab l}bwjsolhy jccosolh. yrgswjisolh. krnso}noijsolh. jhc

cotoyolh. ajtohf sab wby}bisotb khbklhoiy jc.yr. kn. jhc ct( Sab jccosolh drhisolh oy s}oijn ld sabyb

drhisolhy5 )!jc.C:.C7/( Sab jwosakbsoi drhisolhy sj`b cbiokjn jwfrkbhsy. jhc sab tjnrb oy sab cbiokjn

wbyrns( Sab SWJI kbklw yslwby sab hrkgbwy oh sabow cbiokjn JYIOO wb}wbybhsjsolh. grs sab ilk}rsbw

jwosakbsoi oh sab }wbybhs ok}nbkbhsjsolh oy oh gohjw(

SWJI ijh cbjn vosa }jssbwhy ld ubwlby jhc lhby. o(b(. vosa Gllnbjh tbislwy( Sab }jssbwhy jwb

wb}wbybhsbc g j ybzrbhib ld lisjn cofosy( Sab drhisolhy jtjonjgnb jwbGllnbjh rholh. ohsbwybisolh.

ilk}nbkbhs. yaods. jhc wlsjsb( Yaods jhc wlsjsb jwb sl sab nbds vosa sab hrkgbw ld gohjw }njiby gbohf

fotbh g j cbiokjn hrkgbw( Sabyb drhisolhy jwb wb}wbybhsbc. wby}bisotbn. g )!gr.=:.=7/. )!go.=:.=7/.

)!gi.=:/. )!gy.C.=:/. jhc )!gw.C.=:/ vabwb sab ykglny =: jhc =7 ysjhc dlw jh lisjn tjnrb. jhc C

ysjhcy dlw j cbiokjn hrkgbw(

SWJI vlrnc gb ld nossnb }wjisoijn ohsbwbys od os ilrnc hls gb rybc sl kjhjfb sab swjhydbw ld ilhsbhs

gji` jhc dlwsa gbsvbbh ylkb njwfb+yijnb gji`+r} yslwjfb( Oh sab }wbybhs sokb+yajwbc bhtowlhkbhs. sab

gji`+r} yslwb oy j RHOTJI Djyswjhc cwrk( Sab SWJI drhisolh yslwb gnli`)!yg.K.H:.H7. ((( .Hh/

ijryby sab dlwky valyb hjkby jwb wb}wbybhsbc g H:. H7. bsi(. sl gb sj`bh dwlk sab SWJI }wlibyylw

yslwjfb jhc sl gb vwossbh lhsl sab cwrk( Sabyb dlwky jhc sabow hjkby jwb cbnbsbc dwlk sab SWJI

yslwjfb jhc sjgnb ld ilhsbhsy( Js sab yjkb sokb. j hbv dlwk oy iwbjsbc. vosa sab hjkb wb}wbybhsbc g

K jhc vosa sab ilhsbhs gbohf sab cwrk jccwbyy vabwb sab ybzrbhib ld dlwky oy yslwbc( Sab nbhfsa ld


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sab yslwbc ybzrbhib oy ld hl ilhibwh. yohib sab cwrk oy lwfjhoubc oh iajohbc 2=+vlwc gnli`y g sab

bqbirsotb }wlfwjk ld sab sokb+yajwbc yysbk(

Sab ilhtbwyb drhisolh oy dbsia gnli` )!dg.K/ vaoia ijryby wbswobtjn vosalrs bwjyohf ld sab yslwbc cwrk

dlwky( Vosa sab dbsia lwcbw. sab dlwky jhc sabow hjkby jwb jfjoh ybs r} oh sab SWJI }wlibyylwkbklw( Os yalrnc gb hlsbc sajs }lohsbw tjnrby sl sab sbqs ld j dlwk jwb }wbybwtbc oh sab cwrk yslwb

jhc dbsia l}bwjsolhy( Oh dbsia. sab dlwk K oy hls bwjybc( Cwrk y}jib ijh gb wbfjohbc. od saoy oy j

}wlgnbk. g sab drhisolh bwjyb gnli` )!bg.K/. vaoia bwjyby sab cwrk ilhsbhs jhc jnyl sab SWJI

dlwk hjkbc K(

Cojfhlysoi ij}jgonosoby jwb tbw ok}lwsjhs dlw j( }wlibyylw cbjnohf vosa ilk}nbq }wlibcrwby( Sab noys

hjkby drhisolh )!nh.Q/ ajy jy osy tjnrb sab hjkby ld jnn sab jisotb dlwky oh sab SWJI kbklw. vosa

sab yswohf Q !ryrjnn sj`bh sl gb ijwwojfb wbsrwh jhc nohb dbbc/ ohybwsbc jabjc ld bjia ld sab hjkby(

Dlwky ++ ilk}nbsb vosa jh ohcoijsolh ld( sab ybfkbhs fj}y ++ ijh gb ohy}bisbc g sab drhisolh }wohs

dlwk)!}d.H/ vabwb H ysjhcy dlw sab hjkb ld sab dlwk( ]wohs dlwk ajy hrnn tjnrb( J ysb} g ysb} swjib

klcb oy jisotjsbc g sab drhisolh swjib lh )!sh/( Saoy ajy sab wbyrns sajs jy bjia ilk}nbsb ybs ld

hbrswjn yswohfy dlw j drhisolh oy grons r}. os oy s}bc lrs dlw ohy}bisolh( Sabh j slria sl sab ijwwojfb

wbsrwh `b ijryby sab drhisolh sl gb btjnrjsbc( Sab hbrswjn yswohfy ld sab hbqs drhisolh jwb sabh dlrhc

jhc s}bc lrs. jhc yl lh( Saoy jisolh oy ajnsbc g sab swjib ldddrhisolh )!sd/(

Ilhswln ld jccosolhjn }bwo}abwjn rhosy oy fjohbc g sab ybnbis cbtoib drhisolh )!yc.Q/ oh vaoia Q

ysjhcy dlw sab khbklhoi ld sab cbtoib ybnbisbc( Sab ybnbis cbtoib drhisolh klcodoby sab

hbqs+dlnnlvohf jisolh ld sab wbjc yswohf drhisolh. sab wbjc iajwjisbw drhisolh. lw sab }wohs yswohf

drhisolh. ijryohf sabyb drhisolhy sl ijryb oh}rs+lrs}rs lh sab hjkbc }bwo}abwjn( Dlw bqjk}nb.

)!yc.}/)!wy/ ijryby l}bwjsolh ld sab }j}bw sj}b wbjcbw(

Gbijryb kjh l}bwjsolhy ajtb hrnn tjnrb. vosa hl s}b lrs. os oy cbyowjgnb sl ohcoijsb sl sab rybw sajs

jh jisolh ajy gbbh ilk}nbsbc. dlw bqjk}nb sajs sab }j}bw sj}b }rhia ajy dohoyabc. lw sajs j tbwilk}nbq swjhydbw ajy gbbh ilk}nbsbc jhc sajs sab }wlibyylw oy wbjc sl wbibotb klwb oh}rs( Saoy oy

jiilk}noyabc g ajtohf sab wbohosojnoujsolh }wlibcrwb s}b lrs j ijwwojfb wbsrwh jhc j nohb dbbc erys

gbdlwb sab ocnohf }wlfwjk oy ijnnbc ohsl jisolh(

DOHJN ILKKBHSY

Saoy }j}bw ajy bhcbjtlwbc sl drwhoya jh ohyofas ohsl sab wbjylhy gbaohc j hrkgbw ld cbyofh

ilhyocbwjsolhy ld SWJI( Sl cl yl. os vjy hbibyyjw sl cbyiwogb gwobdn sab SWJI njhfrjfb osybnd(

Alvbtbw. j ilk}nbsb sbiahoijn y}biodoijsolh ld sab SWJI njhfrjfb. osy jnflwosak. jhc osy drhisolhy

vonn gb dlrhc oh jhlsabw }j}bw sl vaoia sab wbjcbw oy wbdbwwbc (

SWJI oy irwwbhsn ok}nbkbhsbc lh sab ]C]+: ilk}rsbw oh sab Aly}osjn Ilk}rsbw ]wlebis js Glns

Gbwjhb` jhc Hbvkjh Ohi( oh Ijkgwocfb. Kjyy( Saoy ilk}rsbw drwhoyaby sl bjia sokb+yajwohf rybw j

kbklw yslwb ld 3.=== vlwcy ld :1 gosy bjia( Sab gji`r} yslwb oy sab Djyswjhc cwrk( Sabwb jwb

yb}jwjsb yvj}}ohf cwrky dlw sab rybwy }wlfwjky( Sab }wbybhs SWJI swjhynjslw }wlfwjk. vosa jglrs

92 }wokosotb drhisolhy. liir}oby lhn ynofasn klwb sajh ajnd ld sab 3.===+vlwc kbklw( Sab yiwjsia

}jc ijh alnc jglrs 9.6== iajwjisbwy( Sab ohsbwhjn yslwjfb od SWJI oy hls noys+yswrisrwbc oh sab kjhhbw

ld NOY] jhc wbnjsbc }wlibyylwy( Ohysbjc sab ilhsbhs oy yslwbc oh j nohbjw djyaolh. vosa fjwgjfb

ilnnbisohf jhc wbvwosohf sl wbdlwk jhc ilk}jis sab noysy vabhbtbw klwb y}jib oy hbbcbc( Cby}osb sab

y}bbc }bhjnsoby crb sl j aofan ilk}wbyybc }wlfwjk. jhc ld j sokb+yajwbc bhtowlhkbhs. SWJI oy

wj}ocn wby}lhyotb( Sab ryrjn wby}lhyby liirw vosaoh :,9 sl 9 ybilhcy. jhc jglrs lhb ybilhc vabh j

Djyswjhc jisolh oy ijnnbc dlw( Wby}lhyb sokby ld saoy lwcbw vonn gb wbzrowbc dlw drnn yjsoydjislw ryb ld

sab wbjisotb s}bvwosbw(


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Jnsalrfa sab jisolh ld sab SWJI }wlibyylw. oh sab btjnrjsolh ld sab hbysbc drhisolhy. oy aofan

wbirwyotb. sab SWJI ilk}rsbw }wlfwjk oy hls ++ oh sab ybhyb sajs j kjiaohb njhfrjfb yrgwlrsohb oy

hbtbw bhsbwbc svoib( Saoy oy j ilhybzrbhib ld ryohf sab SWJI yijhhohf jnflwosak dowys. jhc yslwohf

sab wbyrnsy ld sab yijhhohf l}bwjsolh oh j }rya+clvh noys }wolw sl sab btjnrjsolh ld jh y}biodoi hbysbc

drhisolh(

Sab SWJI njhfrjfb ajy flhb sawlrfa ylkb dlrw kjelw ysjfby ld btlnrsolh yohib sab gbfohhohf ld sab

}wlebis oh :?4=( Os vjy dowys }wlfwjkkbc oh j noys+yswrisrwbc tbwyolh dlw sab ]C]+: oh sab yrkkbw ld

:?43 jdsbw Cbrsyia elohbc sab }wlebis( Crwohf sab wbyrnsohf bqsbhcbc }bwolc ld cbtbnl}kbhs jhc

sbysohf. SWJI ajy yalvh j fwjsodohf ilhtbwfbhib sl j ysjgnb yysbk(

JI@HLVNBCFKBHSY

Dlw sabow ohsbwbys jhc bhilrwjfbkbhs crwohf bjwn cbtbnl}kbhs ld SWJI. y}biojn sajh`y jwb crb sl Cw(

Kjq J( Vllcgrw ld sab Hbv _lw` Rhotbwyos Kbcoijn Ibhsbw. jhc sl Cw( Ajwlnc J( Vllysbw ld sab

Ohdlwkjsolh Yiobhiby Gwjhia ld sab Jow Dlwib Lddoib ld Yiobhsodoi Wbybjwia( J}}wbiojsolh oy jnylbq}wbyybc sl Cw( Elwcjh Gjwria ld Glns Gbwjhb` jhc Hbvkjh Ohi(. Ijkgwocfb. Kjyy(. dlw ill}bwjsolh

jhc }bwkoyyolh sl ryb sabow ]C]+: ilk}rsbw ilk}nbq(

J]]BHCOQ ++ BQJK]NBY LD SWJI

Sab glncsbqs oy s}bc g sab rybw0 jnn lsabw sbqs oy sab wby}lhyb fotbh g sab SWJI yysbk

)!cy.Yslwb.!

)!cy.)!}y. !

Fotb Hjkb++//)!wy/.)!}y.!

Fotb Sbqs++//))!wy/

///

)!i:.Yslwb/

Fotb Hjkb++Wofas ]jwbhsabyoy

Fotb Sbqs++/

)!i:.Wofas ]jwbhsabyoy/./

)!i:.Yslwb/

Fotb Hjkb++ !Hrnn oy abwb rybc jy j hjkb(/

Fotb Sbqs++JGI

)!in./JGI

)!i:.Yslwb/

Fotb Hjkb++:

Fotb Sbqs++!!!J///)!yy.n.))!in.Wofas ]jwbhsabyoy//

))!in.n.Z/!!!JZZZ

)!}d.:/!!!J:M:M:M !:M oy sab ybfkbhs fj} ohcoijslw(/

)!nh.%/%Yslwb%Wofas ]jwbhsabyoy%%:

!Hlsb sajs lhb hjkb oy hrnn(/

]wlebis yr}}lwsbc oh }jws g sab dlnnlvohf fwjhsy jhc ilhswjisy5 JD+JDLYW 964. JD+JDLYW 966.

JD+JDLYW 34:+43 dwlk sab Ohdlwkjsolh Yiobhiby Gwjhia ld sab Jow Dlwib Lddoib ld Yiobhsodoi

Wbybjwia0 jhc FK :=3:4 dwlk sab Cotoyolh ld Fbhbwjn Kbcoiohb ld sab Hjsolhjn Ohysosrsby ld Abjnsa.

R(Y( ]rgnoi Abjnsa Ybwtoib(


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:( 'Wbi`lh.' Lqdlwc Rhotbwyjn Coisolhjw lh Aoyslwoijn ]wohio}nby. saowc bc(,Injwbhclh ]wbyy.

Lqdlwc0 :?22. lddbwy dlnnlvohf cbdohosolhy5 'sl bhrkbwjsb ybwojnn lw yb}jwjsbn0 sl fl ltbw lw

sawlrfa j ybwoby. 'sl ilrhs.' 'sl jyibwsjoh sab hrkgbw lw jklrhs ld.' 'sl ilrhs r}.(jnyl sl yrk

r}. sl bysokjsb sab iajwjisbw ld !j }bwylh/. 'sl ohinrcb oh j wbi`lhohf0 abhib sl }njib lw injyy.'

'sl bysokjsb. tjnrb ( ( sj`b ohsl ilhyocbwjsolh.' 'sl ilhyocbw. ercfb. lw bysokjsb g('7( Kllbwy. I( H(. 'J ]wlfwbyy Wb}lws. Sab Wbjisotb S}bvwosbw ]wlfwjk.' Ilkk( JIK. }( 310

Ejh(. :?49(

9( Jctjhibc Wbybjwia ]wlebisy Jfbhi. Ohdlwkjsolh ]wlibyyohf Sbiahozrby Cot(. Ilhswjis Hl(

YC


18/18

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