TP Progress S4G2 IceHockeyStick 1

8/12/2019 TP Progress S4G2 IceHockeyStick 1

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ME 324_S4_G2

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ICE HOCKEY STICK

TERM PAPER PROJET

Progress Presentation


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Traditionally, wood is used as the primary material tomanufacture ice hockey stick. Wood can be considered as cheapmaterial, yet durable and flexible at that time. However, afterbeing used for a number of times, it losses some stiffness andaffects the accuracy.

As time changed, new technology has come out with a bettermaterial called aluminum. Aluminum is very durable compared towood. It is also much cheaper and last for a longer time. Eventhough it looks better than the wooden st ick, yet the playerclaimed that the cant really feel the puck on the stick due toless stability.

In the late 1990s, full composite fibers stick were introduced.

These sticks were made from carbon fibers (graphite) boundtogether by polymer resin, which made them extremely light.Composite fibers also it combines the flexibility of wood togenerate hard shots, the stiffness and stability of aluminum forcontrol and a lightness that is unmatched by wood or aluminum.Thus, it becomes the most popular choice among the hockeyplayer until now.

LITERATURE SURVEY


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LITERATURE SURVEY

The blade is positioned at roughly a 135

angle from the axis of the shaft

The length will be approximately 150-200

cm

Consist of 2 parts:-long slender shaft

-blade (usually 25 40 cm long)

The common material used for the shaft

will be aluminum while the blade will be

made from wood.


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- Aluminumshaft is

molded into a

block

- Required

heating and

finishing

processinishing

- The shaft will

be finished off

by colored or

anodized

LITERATURE SURVEY

Common Manufacturing Process for Aluminum Shaft with

Wood Blade

SHAFT


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LITERATURE SURVEY

-The woodwould be cut

according to

the desired

shape

-Treated to heat

and hydraulic

pressure process

inishing- The blade

undergo

coating or

laminate itwith ABS

plastic

Common Manufacturing Process for Aluminum Shaft with

Wood Blade

Blade


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Different materials have their own specific techniques for theshaft and the blade manufacturing.

Choosing a right material is important to achieve theflexibility criteria that the players seek.

Current Common materials:o Wood

Inexpensive

Easily machined

Widely used

o Aluminum

Lightweight

Easily shaped

oCarbon fiber (graphite)

Lightweight

Durable

MATERIALS/TECHNIQUES


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Material Aluminum Carbon Fiber Wood

Flexibility 56-105 Flex 85-126 Flex 43-85 Flex

Durability 483MPa 600MPa 20.5MPa

Lightweight 525 g 455 g 675 g

Cost per stick 20 60$ 80 150 $ 15 50 $

DETAILED ASSESSMENT OF MATERIALS


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ASSESSMENT MATRIX OF MATERIALS

MaterialFeatures

Aluminum CarbonFibers

WoodFlexibility 3 5 2

Durability 4 5 2

Lightweight 4 5 3

Cost 3 1 5

Total Score 14 16 12

Notes: Scale are given from 1 to 5 where 1 is least favorable criteria and 5 is the

most favorable criteria that a material acquired

The highest score from the assessment matrix is the material of choice


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We are agree to choose the Carbon fiber to

manufacture the shaft and the blade based on the

assessment matrix evaluated. The first advantage of

this material is its lightweight characteristic. It is not

just less weight to carry, but it also a lot less weight

to swing when taking a shot . Moreover, composite

material has high durability compared to aluminum

and wood. This means that it is hardly to break.

JUSTIFICATION ON MATERIAL OF CHOICE


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Besides, it also has a very high flexibility. This is

really important to produce a bigger torque. Thus, it

will exert more power to hit the puck. On the other

hand, composite material is quite expensive as to

compare with aluminum and wood. Nevertheless, it

has a longer dependency and not easily to break.

Therefore, people will just have to spend a little bit

more money once to get a life long stick. In

conclusion, carbon fiber would be the best materialfor the ice hockey stick with the characteristic that

its possess.

JUSTIFICATION ON MATERIAL OF CHOICE


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oAdvantages: Very high flexibility that will exerts more torque

Extremely light that is easy to handle

Easy to manufacture Very hard to break

oDisadvantages:

More expensive

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF

CARBON FIBER


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1. Cut the carbon fiber sheet into pieces with a slightangle.

2. The carbon pieces attached together face to face inopposite direction using warm iron

3. The carbon fiber pieces is rolled through hot roller

4. After the pieces cool, cut it to right length of the shafts.

5. The carbon fiber piece is rolled around to follow a moldmodel shaft shape.

6. Place and heat up the model shafts wrapped withcarbon fiber sheets into compression tubes.

7. After shaft get cool, pull out the harden carbon fibershaft from the model shaft leaving a hollow carbonfiber shaft.

8. The shaft is ready to be attached with the blade

MANUFACTURING PROCESS FLOW FOR

CARBON FIBER SHAFT


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1. Start with plastic core of with graphite filmed in the center of

a blade

2. Glue and clamp the blade to the shaft together

3. Cover the core with graphite socks (give stiffness to blade)

4. Run the blade through hot glue

5. Two strips are stick to the blade

6. High compression to the graphite blade layers using wooden

mold to get a final blade shape.

7. Finished up the shaft and the blade with sanding process andcoating it with urethane and silver spray paint

MANUFACTURING PROCESS FLOW FORCARBON FIBER BLADE


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CUTTING

MANUFACTURING EQUIPMENT

Advantages:

Excellent beam quality: smaller focus diameter

and high work efficiency, high quality

High cutting speed: cutting speed is more than

20m/min Low cost: saves energy and protects

environment,

Easy operations: fiber line transmission, no

adjustment of optical path

Fiber Laser Cutting Machine

Disadvantages: Limited for material below 6mm thick

Big size, hard to move


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Rolling


Hot Roller Press Machine Advantages:

Produce a high pressure between two

roller

High efficiency power-saving design

(18.7 kW); Control working temperatureautomatically

High adhesive effect ( temperature from

150-300 c)

Disadvantage:

Slow process between 0-5 m/min


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Sanding


Sanding Machine Manufacturer Advantages: Suitable for Composite material

High efficient

High quality conveyor belt make transmission

smooth and stable equipped with four-edge cutter blades

Multiple speed sanding between 4-20 m/min

feed speed

Disadvantage:

the sanding belt may deflect or bow during a

sanding operation


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http://www.compositesworld.com/articles/advanced-hockey-stick-design-delivers-optimal-performance

http://www.purehockey.com/guidance-info/hockey-stick-sizing-guide-hockey-stick-sizes-pure-hockey

http://www.google.com/patents/US5050878?printsec=description&dq=ice+hockey+stick+manufacturing#v=onepage&q=ice%20hockey%20stick

%20manufacturing&f=false http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2008/R_Anderson_042

308.pdf

http://www.google.com/patents?hl=en&lr=&vid=USPAT5865696&id=ResWAAAAEBAJ&oi=fnd&dq=ice+hockey+stick+costs+&printsec=abstract#v=onepage&q=ice%20hockey%20stick%20costs&f=false

http://www.enotes.com/hockey-stick-reference/hockey-stick

http://books.google.com/books?id=CFlyglsIINYC&pg=PA438&lpg=PA438&dq=assessment+matrix+in+manufacturing&source=bl&ots=SFoZ7ggm4P&sig=dlmh1wPd9WcHSMN-nsne8LM6wqE&hl=en&sa=X&ei=Pq1cUceTNaTL2QXlgoG4Ag&ved=0CEQQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=assessment%20matrix%20in%20manufacturing&f=false

REFERENCES


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Due to unavailability factor that each our group members

have during Apr 22 to May 3, we might not be able to give an

in-class presentation

IN-CLASS PRESENTATION

Documents

TP Progress S4G2 IceHockeyStick 1