Towards a Better City Design for Asia Afrika (Vol.1)

Towards a Better City Design for Asia-AfrikaBandungIndonesiaSite StudiesMastersʼ Degree ProgramArchitecture DepartmentInstitut Teknologi Bandung

Volume 1

TRAFFIC NETWORKS OF JALAN ASIA-AFRIKA, BANDUNGReorganizing the Traffic Networks of the City for Smooth Channeling

Traffic flows and smooth mobilizationare two important components inseeing a city to work efficiently.Circulation problems surrounding thearea of the proposed site must beresolved to ensure futureprogrammatic and physicalintervention will not add to morecongestion. This ʻautopsyʼ effort isbeing seen as the most critical as it willdetermine the workability of Asia-Afrikaand within its overall context. Otherpublic easement potentials such aspublic transport, bicycle lanes,pedestrian walkway, shades, restareas and others are also importanturban components to be included inthe new design scheme.

Vehicular Flow

Public Transport

Traffic Intensity

Taxi danbecak

Jalur pedestriandisediakan tetapi tidakdidesain secara efisiendan terdapat banyakelemen-elemen yangmengganggukenyamanan pejalankaki.

Selain pejalan kakipedestrian digunakanuntuk parkir motor,berjualan, menanamtanaman hias.

Pada beberapa sudutditemui gelandanganmenempati pedestrian.

Desain sistem jalankota tidakmengutamakan pejalankaki dan memerlukanpembaikan.

Pedestrian

Viable Public Space

COMMERCIAL AREA OF JALAN ASIA-AFRIKA,BANDUNGExploiting Commercial Forces for the Revitalization Effort for Asia-AfrikaThe vibrant economic practices thatare taking place along the street ofAsia-Afrika are being seen as planningand design potentials in the effort ofrevitalizing the area into one of themost important commercial hub forBandung. By exploiting what arecurrently there, these activities playimportant role in determining asuccessful programming for the area.This analysis tries to understand thecomplex conditions, behavioral andpreferences of the commercialactivities along the area and is hopedto contribute to a better understandingin providing a suitable and sustainableplanning strategies in the futuredevelopment of Asia-Afrika.

Commercial Activities


SWOT ANALYSIS


OFFICES AND TRADES OF JALAN ASIA-AFRIKA, BANDUNGIntegrating Potentials by Means of Reconfiguring Offices and Trading Centers

As an important node for the city ofBandung, Jalan Asia-Afrika holdsstrong position in the cityʼs economicactivities and growth. Currentlyfunctioning as Bandungʼs businessdistrict, the intensity of workers andurbanites that commute and travelfrom and into the area does contributeto the condition of the city. Byanalyzing current potentials of theseoffices and trading use, futureintervention should look upon thepossibility of reorganization,reconfiguration and reinterpretation ofthese important components in orderto integrate them smartly with thesurrounding context and conditions.

01

09

08

07

06

05

040302

13

12

11

10

1 Gedung PromotionCentre

2 Kantor Pos dan Giro3 Bank Gudang Negara4 BRI Tower

5 PLN Distrik Jabar6 Gedung Merdeka/Museum Asia-Afrika7 Kantor Harian Umum Pikiran Rakyat8 Kanwil DPU dan Bina Marga

9 Perkantoran Miramar10 Bank NISP11 Gedung BKPN Jabar12 BRI13 Balai Kota

S I T E

Offices Mapping

S I T E

1 Infrastruktur Kawasan belumterencana dengan baik

2 Banyak Fasilitas yang tidakterawat/Terbengkalai

W1 Cluster Perkantoran2 Cluster Bisnis3 Tempat Kegiatan Seni

dan Budaya4 Tujuan wisata Sejarah5 Place Making

O T• Menjadikan Kawasan ini

bergairah sebagaiCluster Perkantoran,Cluster Ekonomi, danWisata Sejarah Jabar

1 Dekat Pusat Pemerintahan Kota2 Kaitan Birokrasi3 Cluster Perkantoran, Bisnis,

Pementasan Seni & Budaya4 Kawasan bernilai Sejarah5 Dekat Mesj id Raya Jabar

6 Alun-alun Kota7 Bank

S1 Dekat Pusat Pemerintahan Kota

3 Cluster Perkantoran, Bisnis,2 Kaitan Birokrasi

Pementasan Seni & Budaya4 Kawasan bernilai Sejarah

Pementasan Seni & Budaya4 Kawasan bernilai Sejarah5 Dekat Mesj id Raya Jabar5 Dekat Mesj id Raya Jabar

6 Alun-alun Kota

5 Dekat Mesj id Raya Jabar

7 Bank6 Alun-alun Kota7 Bank6 Alun-alun Kota

Potential Analysis

PKL, Warung, Rumah makan, Resto sebagai tempat tujuan ist irahat makan siang

Accessibility ( dengan pedestrian bagi pejalan kaki ke semua arah)

S I T E

Jalur Lalu Lintas pengguna kendaraan pribadi

Jalur lalu lintas pengguna Angkutan Umum

Office Usersʼ Movement

Behavioral Analysis

LANDSCAPE AND VEGETATION OF JALAN ASIA-AFRIKA, BANDUNGNatural Infrastructure to Inspire New Measures in Strategic Designs

The potential of Sungai Cikapundungthat flows through the proposed site isa strong potential for futuredevelopment and may act as animportant catalyst to balance betweenthe man-made and nature. However,the surrounding forces andcomponents that co-exist along theriver may also be a critical threat asthey might contribute to furtherenvironmental problems. The samegoes to the vegetation andlandscaping that goes around the site;a clever design strategy is needed toensure sustainable balance for thefuture intervention to take place. Thisanalysis is hoped to provide guidelinesfor a reasonable and responsiblefuture design strategies.

Vegetation Analysis

River Analysis

The Future of The Site

Palaguna Akan Jadi RTH dan Area PendidikanTya Eka YuliantidetikBandung.com

Bandung - Gedung palaguna di Jalan Asia Afrika, yang tidak terawat selama 7 tahun kini direncanakan akan difungsikan sebagai area pendidikandan ruang terbuka hijau (RTH).

Dikatakan Ketua DPRD Jabar Irfan Suryanegara, dari banyaknya gagasan rencana alih fungsi Gedung Palaguna, yang paling memungkinkan dandisetujui oleh Pemkot Bandung adalah dijadikan perpustakaan yang dikelilingi oleh taman kota.

"Kedatangan kami kesini untuk mengetahui fungsi bangunan Palaguna ini. Ternyata selama 7 tahun ini para pedagang di gedung Palaguna merasaterombang ambing karena tidak adanya keputuasan pasti," ujar Irfan saat ditemui di lokasi, Senin (1/3/2010).

Dikatakan Irfan, saat ini di Palaguna terdapat 30 pedagang yang aktif melakukan aktifitas berjualan. "Sebelumnya Palaguna ini dikelola oleh PD Jawi,yang kemudian berencana akan merenovasi bekerjasama dengan PT Titah Raja Jaya. Namun hingga kini rencana tersebut belum terealisasisehingga pedagang merasa digantungkan nasibnya," kata Irfan.

Sambil menunggu proses hukuM atas pengelolaan gedung palaguna selesai. Pemprov Jabar akan melakukan pengkajian alih fungsi lahan untukmenemukan pilihan tepat bagi gedung Palaguna ini.

"Ada beberapa gagasan, seperti hutan kota, gedung konvensi, perpustakaan, atau pusat informasi pendidikan dan kebudayaan Jawa Barat. Seluruhgagasan itu baik, kita akan pilih yang terbaik. Untuk itu akan kita pelajari sebaik-baiknya.

Sekitar pukul 16.45 WIB Ketua DPRD Jabar, Ketua DPRD Kota Bandung Erwan Setiawa, Wakil Wali Kota Bandung Ayi Vivananda, serta anggotadewan dan kepala dinas di lingkungan Pemprov Jabar dan pemkot Bandung, melakukan peninjauan ke gedung palaguna.

Sebelumnya, Pemprov Jabar menginginkan gedung Palaguna menjadi pusat perbelanjaan, sementara Pemkot Bandung ingin menjadikan Palagunamenjadi ruang terbuka hijau (RTH).

Rabu (3/2/2010), Irfan akan bertemu dengan rektor-rektor Universitas di Bandung dan ketua BEM se-Bandung untuk mendiskusikan rencana dariPemkot dan Pemprov Jabar tersebut.

PUBLIC OPEN SPACE JALAN ASIA-AFRIKA, BANDUNGSymbiotic Balance of the Cityʼs Built Environment and its Green Lung

Well-designed and well-maintainedpublic open spaces play major role indetermining a good city planning.Bandung, as it was originally planned,have all the potential to serve as ahumanist city that provides it citizensand visitors with adequate green andpublic open spaces. This analysisreview the two main components thatserve as the main green lung for JalanAsia-Afrika, which is the Alun-alunBandung and the compound of theMasjid Agung Bandung, and tries toexploit these two potentials intosomething viable for futureinterventions and developmentsplanned for the area.

Kawasan Alun-alun Kota Bandung berperan multifungsi,Alun-alun sekarang terdiri dari taman di bagian atas dan lahan parkirdi bagian bawah. Sementara bagian baratnya dipakai perluasanMasjid Agung Bandung yang sekarang berubah namanya menjadiMasjid Raya Jawa Barat. Di tengahnya terdapat kolam hias dengan airmancur dan air terjun.

Alun-alun Bandung merupakan batas site/tapaksebelah barat, sehingga hal ini secara tidaklangsung keberadaan alun-alun Bandungsebagai ruang terbuka di tengah kota ini dapatberpengaruh untuk aktifitas ke dalam ataupun keluar site/ tapak terpilih.

Alun-AlunKota Bandung Site

1. Alun-alun kota Bandungmemiliki kawasan yangstrategis dan bernilaisejarah dimana kawasanini merupakan pusat darikota Bandung.

Ex Miramar &Palaguna

Perkantoran

Rumah DinasWalikota

BangunanKomersial

BangunanKomersial

Bangunan Komersialdan Kantor

Masjid RayaAlun-Alun

2. Ruang terbuka ditengahkota yang multifungsi dantertata rapi sebagai tamankota dan area parkir dibagian basement taman/alun-alun.

3. Hadirnya Masjid RayaBandung di sebelahbarat dari Alun-alunsebagai tempat ibadahmasyarakat yangberagama Islam.

Components and Strengths

1. Kegagalan renovasi alun-alun untukmerevitalisasikan sebagai kawasanperdagangan pusat kota, ditunjukkandengan bangunan yang lumpuh bahkanmati dari segi fungsi disekitar alun-alunBandung.

2. Kehidupan malam di kawasan alun-alunyang disalahgunakan untuk aktifitasnegatif seperti prostitusi, pesta miras, dll.

3. Belum adanya perencanaan lebih lanjut disekitar kawasan alun-alun ini khususnyauntuk penertiban pedagang kaki lima yangsemakin lama semakin menjamur dibagian pinggir-pinggir kawasan alun-alunsehingga pedestrian bagi pengunjungterganggu.

1. Menjamurnya pedagang kaki limayang makin tidak teratur di pinggirdari kawasan alun-alun.

2. Citra dari kota Bandung dari dampakkehidupan malam yang negatif dikawasan alun-alun Bandung.

Weaknesses and Constraints

Threats and Problems

1. Salah satu ruang terbuka dan tamankota di Kota Bandung yang letaknyastrategis dan dikelola dengan baik olehpemerintah sering dijadikan sebagaitujuan masyarakat pendatang untuksekedar foto-foto, menghilangkan penatatau menghabiskan waktu di sore hari.

2. Hadirnya Masjid Raya Kota Bandungyang dilengkapi dengan dua menarasebagai landmark dari alun-alun KotaBandung dan sebagai pusat kegiatanmasyarakat yang bersifat religius.

Opportunities

HERITAGE OF JALAN ASIA-AFRIKA, BANDUNGProlonging the Opportunities of Architecture and Urbanism for Bandung

Conservation of our built heritage is anintegral part of architecture, urbanplanning and development in Bandung.The restoration of our historic areasadd variety to our streetscapes andmodulate the scale of our urban fabric,creating the visual contrast andexcitement within the city whileprotecting the important reminders andrepresentations of our past. In addition,it adds to the distinctive character andidentity of our city, giving it a sense ofhistory and memory of the place.Buildings are selected for conservationbased on their historical andarchitectural significance, rarity interms of building types, styles, andtheir contribution to the overallenvironment.

Focus Area and Connectivity

Development Focus Area Potential Development

Domestic Usage

Face Lift Required Commercial Use Housing

Gazetted Buildings

Gazetted Buildings

Heritage Trail

Heritage Trail Heritage Row Development

Overall Potential

Heritage Buildings + Museums + Commerce + Institutional + Green Space + Mosque + Hotels + Heritage Trail = Asia - Afrika

List of Gazetted Heritage Buildings

BuildingKimia FarmaAddressJl. Asia-Afrika No.34Year Built1930FunctionRetailArchitectUnknownConditionFairRecommendationRepaint façadeRepair all building componentsInterior upgrade

BuildingDezon NVAddressJl. Asia-Afrika No.39Year Built1925FunctionRetailArchitectUnknownConditionGoodRecommendationRepaint façadeInterior upgrade

BuildingKantor Pos BesarAddressJl. Asia-Afrika No.47Year Built1928-31FunctionPost OfficeArchitectJ. Van GentConditionGoodRecommendationImprove maintenance


BuildingBank MandiriAddressJl. Asia-Afrika No.51Year Built1915FunctionBankArchitectUnknownConditionGoodRecommendationImprove maintenance

BuildingAsuransi JiwasrayaAddressJl. Asia-Afrika No.53Year BuiltUnknownFunctionOfficeArchitectUnknownConditionGoodRecommendationImprove maintenance

BuildingBank Exim IndonesiaAddressJl. Asia-Afrika No.61Year Built1912FunctionBankArchitectEdward CuypersConditionGoodRecommendationImprove maintenance


BuildingGedung PLNAddressJl. Asia-Afrika No.63Year Built1933FunctionOfficeArchitectCPW SchoemakerConditionGoodRecommendationSignage/ billboard to be controlled

BuildingGedung Merdeka/ Museum KAAAddressJl. Asia-Afrika No.65Year Built1902FunctionMuseumArchitectCPW SchoemakerConditionGoodRecommendationTo be maintainedFuture expansion expected

BuildingKantor Harian Pikiran RakyatAddressJl. Asia-Afrika No.77Year Built1925FunctionOfficeArchitectUnknownConditionFairRecommendationRepaint and repair façadeRepair building components


BuildingHotel Grand PreangerAddressJl. Asia-Afrika No.81Year Built1929FunctionHotelArchitectCPW SchoemakerConditionGoodRecommendationTo be maintained continuously

BuildingToko Mebel Rotan LidoAddressJl. Asia-Afrika No.90Year Built1930FunctionVacantArchitectCPW SchoemakerConditionGoodRecommendationRepair some parts of buildingReprogramming required

BuildingToko PadangAddressJl. Asia-Afrika No. 104-106-108-110Year Built1920FunctionVacantArchitectUnknownConditionPoorRecommendationMajor structural andnon-structural repairReprogramming required


BuildingHotel Savoy HomannAddressJl. Asia-Afrika No.112Year Built1939FunctionHotelArchitectAF AlbersConditionGoodRecommendationTo be maintained continuously

BuildingGedung Keuangan NegaraAddressJl. Asia-Afrika No.114Year BuiltUnknownFunctionOfficeArchitectUnknownConditionFairRecommendationRepair some parts of buildingRepaint building

BuildingViganoAddressJl. Asia-Afrika No. 188Year Built1910FunctionRetailArchitectEdward CuypersConditionFairRecommendationRepaint façadeRepair all building componentsInterior upgrade

The 3Rs Principle

1. The fundamental principle of conservation applicable to all conservationbuildings irrespective of scale and complexity is maximum Retention,sensitive Restoration and careful Repair - the 3Rs.

2. Selective replacement should be considered only when absolutely necessary.3. Total reconstruction goes against accepted international conservation

practices.

4. All original structural and architectural elements shallbe retained and restored. In the event that such elements have tobe repaired or replaced, their features shall be retained.

5. When upgrading and adapting a building to new uses, the existing structureshould be retained by strengthening and repairing the structural elements.

6. Any alteration or strengthening to structural elements should be done in themost sympathetic and unobtrusive way possible using originalmethods and materials whenever possible.

Potentials

1. Added value from the re-branding of Bandung as a heritage and culture city.2. Transforming Bandung as an architecture/ heritage destination.3. New economic generator from the results of strategic place making.4. Sustaining readily-available building structure.5. Creating strong visual contrast and excitement within the city.6. Promoting the concept of responsible city development.

Case Studies Jonker Street, Melaka, Malaysia; Warsaw Old Town, Warsaw, Poland; Joo Chiat, Singapore

Challenges

1. Lack of adequate funding from the city council.2. Highly specialized and specific technical guidelines are required to ensure good

restoration and conservation development implementation.3. Require experts and competent consultants and builders.4. Expensive initiation costs.5. Require temporary relocation for existing premises.6. Socialization is required to ensure maximum support and participation from all

parties, i.e. the government, city council, premisesʼ owners, community, etc.

Lesson learnt from Bandung Society for Heritage Conservation; Singapore Urban Redevelopment Authority; United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)

Planning Perimeters

1. Preparation of a comprehensive conservation plan.2. Total master plan explaining building use plan, zonings and

the urban fabric context.3. Building height and profile must be retained and any

alterations must reinstate all original profiles.4. Redesign of roads, streets, alleys, pedestrian

walkway, reserves, median and landscapes to ensuremaximum potentials from conservation effort.

5. Adequate numbers of parking spaces.6. Strata subdivision must comply all regulations and guidelines.

7. Sustainable development plan must be prepared to ensurelongevity of the development plan.

Towards a Better City Design for Asia-Afrika, site studies compiled andpublished by Chichi Asda, Edy Subangkit, Enzeline Fransiska, Grade Banirohim, ArieManu and Hafiz Amirrol. Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia, 2010.

Documents

Towards a Better City Design for Asia Afrika (Vol.1)