Tourist behavior ch 1

PARIPAN KEAWNET

Tourist BehaviorsTHM 1006

MEANING OF TOURISM BEHAVIOR

What is Tourism ?

• Tourism is defined as

“a short- term movement of people to places some distance from their normal place of residence to indulge in pleasurable activities.”

WHAT IS TOURISM ?

Tourism is the temporary movement of people to destinations outside their normal

places of work and residence, the activities undertaken during their stay in those destinations, and the facilities created to cater to their needs”

WHAT IS TOURISM ? • It may also involve travel for business purposes.

• An activity which is serviced by a number of other industries

such as hospitality and transport.

• Incorporates leisure • Collin (1994), leisure -‘free time to do what you

want’.

WHAT IS TOURIST BEHAVIOR ?

“ Study of why people buy the product they do, and how they make their decision” - Horner and Swarbrooke (1996)

“ It is process involved when individuals or groups select, purchase, use or dispose of products, services , ideas or experiences to satisfy needs and wants” - Solomon (1996)

DEVELOPMENT OF TOURIST BEHAVIOUR

Divided in two aspects

1. The varied type and pace of development in the different regions of the world.

DEVELOPMENT OF TOURIST BEHAVIOR

2. The different types of tourism have developed including -

1. VFR ( Visiting Friends and Relatives ) 2. business 3. religious 4. health 5. educational etc.

CHRONOLOGICAL GROWTH OF TOURISM

Europe A desire to travel

1. BC 776 – Olympic began and Roman pioneered tourism;2. Loud parties , Sun bathing & leisure3. Sightseeing , Historical buildings4. Dark age – fall of roman empire5. New born tourism in Europe – Pilgrimage6. Infrastructure development

EUROPE

A desire to travel

7. Education tourism ( Paintings & buildings) 8. Grand Tour in Italy ( France, Holland, Germany , Austria & Switzerland) 9. Loving Art , landscapes & monuments led to Natural tourism 10. Thomas cook came 11. Modern Mass Tourism

EUROPE

Removal of obstacles that prevented people from taking trips

1. Increased disposal income 2. Advance aircraft technology 3. Greater availability of motor cars or private vehicle 4. Increase in leisure time 5. Increased Education 6. Growth of tour operators & Package holidays


North America

1. Development of Inns & taverns2. Development of railway tracks3. Growth of Car Ownership4. Creation of roadside motels5. Growth in number of Visitor in nearby areas6. Growth of Amusement parks7. Leisure shopping8. Museums & live interpretations


Central America In 1960 the region received 749000

international arrivals, according to the World Tourism Organization;

This figure had risen to 2.9 million in 1970 and more than 7 million by 1989 and ever increasing year after year;

CENTRAL AMERICA

Mexico has focused on beach and coach tour holidays, other countries in the region have pioneered new forms of tourism, notably ecotourism


Africa

Tourism has existed in Africa for many centuries. The Greeks and Romans visited the sights of

Egypt.

Outbound tourism from some parts of Africa over the centuries particularly in terms of business tourism and religious tourism could be seen;

AFRICA

During the first half of the twentieth century, the British played a major role in opening up Africa as a tourist destination, particularly in the countries which were then still part of the British Empire.

In the 1920s and 1930s the two main regions which attracted foreign visitors, apart from

Egypt,

AFRICA

Kenya, where the appeal was big game hunting

Morocco, which was a popular winter sun destination

After gaining their independence, many African

countries sought to attract tourists to help develop their economies;

Business and leisure tourism became the major

tourism of Africa.


The Middle East The countries of the Middle East have a long history of involvement in the tourism industry, most notably in terms of religious tourism. This region is the most important pilgrimage destination in the world for three major religions:

THE MIDDLE EAST

Muslims for whom both Mecca and Jerusalem are very sacred

places; The tourist flow to Mecca is probably the largest single

annual movement of tourists in the world The cities of Nazareth, Bethlehem, Jerusalem and

Jericho, which are the most important religious cities for

Christians Jerusalem which is the holiest city for Jews


Asia 1. Asia is a large continent which encompasses a wide variety of national tourism markets with very different characteristics; 2. In India, there is a strong tradition of domestic tourism of two types: 3. trips to hill stations during the hot summer months

ASIA

4. visits to religious festivals.

5. Inbound tourism and package tours;

6. Across the region, special interest and beach-based tourism are taking over from the ‘travelers' of yesterday. Finally, the ‘jet-age’ has created important ‘stopover markets’.

ACROSS THE WORLD

1. The nature of tourism in different countries has been influenced by a myriad of factors including, for example: 2. climate 3. geographical location 4. history 5. language 6. the development of transport systems 7. levels of economic development 8. the quality of landscapes and townscapes 9. government policies towards tourism 10. the degree of economic and political stability

DIFFERENT TYPES OF TOURISM

1. Visiting friends and relatives 2. Business tourism 3. Religious tourism 4. Health tourism 5. Social tourism 6. Educational tourism 7. Cultural tourism 8. Scenic tourism 9. Hedonistic tourism 10. Activity tourism 11. Special interest tourism, etc.

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Tourist behavior ch 1