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GOAL
• To create a set of guidelines that will
assist the tourism industry address
human rights
• To use the UNWTO Global Code of
Ethics in Tourism as an overarching
guide.
ARTICLE 2: Tourism as a vehicle for individual and collective fulfilment /
UNWTO Global Code of Ethics for Tourism
3. The exploitation of human beings in any form, particularly sexual, especially when
applied to children, conflicts with the fundamental aims of tourism and is the
negation of tourism; as such, in accordance with international law, it should be
energetically combatted with the cooperation of all the States concerned and
penalised without concession by the national legislation of both the countries
visited and the countries of the perpetrators of these acts, even when they are
carried out abroad;
ICCPR + ICESCR 2 Non-discrimination
ICCPR 7 Prohibition against torture or cruel, inhumane
or degrading treatment and punishment
ICCPR 24 + ICESCR 10 Rights of child
ICESCR 12 Right to health
ICCPR 8 Prohibition against slavery, servitude, forced and
bonded labour
ARTICLE 2: Tourism as a vehicle for individual and collective fulfilment
UNWTO Global Code of Ethics for Tourism
2. Tourism activities should respect the equality of men and women; they should
promote human rights and, more particularly, the individual rights of the most
vulnerable groups, notably children, the elderly, the handicapped, ethnic
minorities and indigenous peoples;
ICCPR + ICESCR 1 Right to self-determination and protection of
indigenous people
ICCPR + ICESCR 2 Non-discrimination
ICCPR + ICESCR 3 Equal rights of men and women
ICCPR 26 Right to equality before the law
ICCPR 24 + ICESCR 10 Rights of the child
ICCPR 27 Rights of minorities
Incentives for the Tourism and
Human Rights Initiative
• Tourism is a major global industry - Target
• Stakeholder pressure - employees, consumers,
shareholders, NGOs, media, risk of lawsuits
• International community - appointment of UN Special
Representative on Business and Human rights (2005)
• IBLF study of hotel policies on human rights revealed
significant areas of risk exposure
• Hotel companies were found to be lagging behind
companies from other major sectors
Why should the industry
be involved?
Business Benefits
1. Safeguard reputation and brand image
2. Gain competitive advantage
3. Improve recruitment, retention and staff loyalty
4. Foster greater productivity
5. Secure and maintain license to operate
6. Reduce cost burdens - security, litigation etc
7. Ensure active stakeholder engagement
8. Meet investor expectations
Advantages of a collective
approach
• Gives the industry a voice
• Demonstrates commitment
• Put pressure on irresponsible companies
• Increase impact and consistency
• Share resources, experiences, findings
Deliverables The following activities will be delivered during the
course of the project.
• Draft Ethical Principles for the industry with a special applications for hotels, airlines, cruiselines, tour operators, etc.
• Series of consultations and stakeholder roundtables
• Policy paper, which includes policy recommendations for the industry
• Series of international events to launch the principles in Latin America, Asia, Africa and Europe
(1)Workplace issues
Non-discrimination, forced/bonded labor,
child labor, health & safety, freedom of
association/collective bargaining, fair
remuneration, working conditions, right to
privacy….
2) Community Stewardship issues
Land rights and rights of indigenous people
and vulnerable groups, child sex
exploitation, access to natural resources,
supporting local small businesses….
What will the principles cover
Benchmarking Process
• To increase familiarity with wider public context
• To assist fully informed decision-making
• 7 Sector initiatives examined
• Ethical Trading Initiative (food and clothing)
• Fair Labour Association (garment and footwear)
• Voluntary Principles on Security and Human Rights (Oil, mining and gas)
• Kimberley Process (Diamond industry)
• Equator Principles (Financial services)
• Global E-Sustainability Index
• Electronic Industry Code of Conduct
Consulatations:
• Tourism Concern
• Pro-poor Tourism
• Human Rights Watch
• Amnesty International
• Business for Social Responsibility
• International Alert
Steps: 1. Consult with Industry on concept.
2. IBLF Human Rights Team to do
benchmarking.
3. Tourism Partnership advisory role.
4. Consultations with organisations
concerned with Human Rights.
5. Further meeting with Partner members.
American Express, Carlson, CityInn,
Four Seasons, Hilton, Intercontinental,
Jumeirah, Marriott, Rezidor, SLH,
Starwood, Superclubs, Taj.
6. Chatham House meeting for wider
discussions with industry and Human
Rights organisations.
Draft Human Rights Guidelines
Workplace Issues
Participants will strive to apply the
following standards equally to all staff
whether, permanent, part-time,
seasonal or migrant workers, and use
our influence with hotel owners and
other business partners to do likewise
1. Equal Opportunity & Non-discrimination
Recognising the UN conventions on Racial discrimination(1965) amd Sexual Discrimination (1979), as well as ILO Convention 100 (Equal Remuneration) and Convention 111 (Discrimination).
2. Forced/bonded/compulsory labour
Recognising ILO Convention 29 (Forced Labour) and convention 105 (Abolition of Forced Labour).
3. Freedom of Association and the right to collection bargaining
Recognising ILO Convention 87 (freedom of Association) and Convention 98 (Right to Organise and collective bargaining).
4. Child Labour
Recognising the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989), ILO Convention 138 (minimum age)and Convention 182 (worst Forms of Child Labour).
5. Fair Wages and benefits
Recognising ILO Convention 100 (Equal Remuneration) and Convention 131 (Minimum Wage Fixing).
6. Working hours
Recognising ILO Conventions governing hours of work and the right to family life protected under the International Covenants on economic, social and Cultural Rights (1966) and on Civil and Political Rights (1966).
7. Non-Harassment Recognising the UN Convention against Torture and Other
Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment of Punishment (1984).
8. Working conditions Recognising ILO Convention 155 (occupational Health and
Safety) and right to family life protected under the International Covenants on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1966) and on Civil and Political Rights (1966)
Community Stewardship
1. Child Sexual Exploitation
Recognising the UN Convention on the rights of the child (1989),
ILO Convention 182 (Worst Forms of Child Labour), the UN Commission on Sustainable Development International work Programme on Sustainable tourism development (E/CN.17.1999/L.6) and the Global Code of Ethics for Tourism
2. Communities, indigenous peoples and scarce resources
Recognising the UN declaration on the rights on Indigenous Peoples (2006), ILO Convention 169 (Indigenous and Tribal Peoples) , the World Bank’s performance standards on indigenous peoples, the World Bank’s performance standards on land acquisition and Involuntary Resettlement UN Commission on Sustainable Development international work programme on sustainable tourism development (E/CN.17.1999/L.6 and Global Code of Ethics for Tourism.
3. Policy Dialogue
4. Security Arrangements
Recognising the UN Basic Principles on the use of force and
firearms by law enforcement officials, the UN code of conduct for law enforcement officlas, and guided by the voluntary principles on Security and Human Rights for the Extractive Sector (2000).
5. Bribery
Participants will not pay, solicit or accept bribes, this includes
not giving anything of value directly or indirectly to any government official, business partner or individual for puroposes of influencing their decisions. Facilitating payments are also considered bribes and should not be made.