T l S iTotal Station

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Total Stationon onfaxmifhwkdif;wmjcif;ESifhtuGmta0;wkdif;wmjcif; wkdhukd n h k j S h G k j kh k

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Theodolite onfaxmifhwkdif;wm&mwGifwlnDaomfvnf; axmifhwefbkd;rsm;

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Total Station wGif(E.D.M) jzifhuGmta0;ukd wkdif;wm&&Sdekdifygonf/G ( ) j h G k k &&Sek n

T l S iTotal Station jzifhwkdif;wm&mü &&SdekdifrnfhtusdK;aus;Zl;rsm;rSm-

-Angle Measurementgrsm;ukdvG,fulvSsifjrefpGmwkdif;wmekdifjcif;ESifhaxmifhzwf&mwGifvG,fuljcif;/

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- wkdif;wm&&Sdaom axmifhrsm;ESifh tuGmta0; ( Bearing & Distances )wkd hrS udkMo'dedwfrsm;ukdvG,fulpGm wGufcsufjyD;odrf;qnf;xm;ekdifjcif;/G G G

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Topcon GTS 212 Total Station

Leica TC 1100 Total Station

TotalStation jzifh aqmif&Gufekdifaomvkyfief;rsm;rSm-j h &G ek k e s S

- Angle Measurements axmifhrsm;wkdif;wmjcif;s k j

-Distance MeasurementstuGmta0;rsm;wduspGmwkdif;wmjcif;

-wkdif;wm&&Sdaom Bearing ESifh tuGmta0;rsm;rS ukdMo'dedwfrsm;

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Total Station jzifhaxmifhwkdif;wmjcif; (Angle Measurement)j h h k j ( g )

Total Station ukd oDtkd'dkvdkuf uJhokdhaxmifhrsm;wkdif;wm&mwGifvnf;

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Total Station \zefom;jyifaz:wGifwkdif;wmonfhwkdif;wmcsufwck twGuf

Horizontal angle, Vertical angle, Horizontal distance, Vertical Difference tp&Sdaom vkdtyfonfh az:jycsufrsm;ukdtvG,f

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Angle measurement wifaxmifrsm;udtBudrftBudrfwdif;edifonf tjyifAngle measurement wGiaxmihrsm;uktBurtBurwki;ekionh tjyi

Zero Setting ESifh rdrdvkdtyfonf Azimuth/ Bearing wkd hvnf;

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Total Station jzifhtuGmta0;wkdif;wmjcif;j h G k j

(Distance Measurement)

-Total Station jzifhtuGmta0;rsm;wkdif;wm&mwGif ,if;u&d,mwGif

wygwnf;yg0ifaom Electronic Distance Meter (EDM) jzif Prismwygwn;yg0iaom Electronic Distance Meter (EDM) jzih Prism &Sdonfhae&mokdh Infra Red Ray teDa&mifatmuf a&mifjcnfwef;

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Total Station wkdif;wGif atmufaz:jyygwkdif;wmjcif; trsdK;tpm;

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C ( )-Continuous distance measurement (N- time measurement) and the average distance will be display.

-Change of meter , feet and feet + inch unit.

-Fine Mode Tracking Mode and course mode-Fine Mode , Tracking Mode and course mode.

-Stake Out (S.O) measurement.

-Remote Elevation measurement.

-Area measurement.

-Offset Measurement and more.

Coordinate measurement-ukdMo'dedwfwefzkd;rsm;od&SdNyD;aom trSwf2ck?okd hr[kwftrSwfwpfck

\ukdMo'dedwfESifh RO \Bearing wkd hod&Sdygu Total Station üyg0if aomkM S k &S ü

Program jzifhwGufcsufygonf/

RON1,E1,Z1

N

N0,E0,Z0

E

N=D*Cos (B)

E=D*Sin (B)N1=N0+N

E =E +EE D Sin (B) E1=E0+E

coordinate of occupied point ( No,Eo,Zo )Instrument Height INS.HTPrism Height R HTPrism Height R.HTVertical Distance (Relative elevation) Z (VD)Coordinate of the center of prism, Originated from the center of instrument (N, E, Z)Originated from the center of instrument (N, E, Z)Coordinate of unknown point N1,E1,Z1Coordinate of unknown point can be computed by the following formula;.

N1= N0+N1 0E1=E0+EZ1=Z0 + INS.HT + Z - R.HT

Traversing with Total StationTraversing with Total Station

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xm;ekdifojzifh uGufBuJwkdif;wmjcif;vkyfief; ( Traversing ) ukdk j G B k j k k

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1. Station A ü Instrument1. Station A ü Instrument Setup jyKvkyfyg/ (Centering & Leveling)& Leveling)

2. RO ESifh B wkd hwGif Prism

ESpfck tm; Tripod (odk h)

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Station A ukd Occupied Point(OP), Station RO ukd Back Sight(BS) Point, Station B ud Foresight Point(FS) [ítoH;jyKygrnf/Station B uk Foresight Point(FS) [lítok;jyKygrn/

3. Station A ESifh RO wkdh\ ukdMo'dedwfrsm;ukd Total Station xJokd hxnfhyg/S h kh kM e s k k h nh

4. atmufaz:jyygvkyfaqmifcsuf(3)ckjzifh Station B (FS) \ukdMo'deddwfudk&&SdNyD;j k s (3) kj kM e k&&SN

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-Occopied Station Setup

-Backsight Station Setup & Measurementg p

-Foresight Station Measurement

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Traverse Adjustmentj

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Linear Miscloser jzpfay:vmygonf/

Linear Miscloser udatmufygyHaoenf;jzifwuf,&&dedifygonf/

Linear misclosure = √(difference in northing)2 + (difference in easting)2

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Linear misclosure Relative precision

Traverse length

Relative Precision ukdtcsdK;*Pef;jzifhaz:jyavh&SdNyD; 1;10000 rS 15000xd

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Traverse Adjustment Method rsm;rSm-

1. Compass ( Bowditch ) Rule

2. Transist Rule

3. Least Squares Method

1. Compass ( Bowditch ) Rulep ( )

The compass or Bowditch Rule adjust the perpendiculars and meridians of traverse i ti t th l thin proportion to the length.

Correction in Perpendicular - ( Total perpendicular misclosure )

= x Length side i

for side i Total traverse length

Correction in Meridian - ( Total Meridian misclosure )

= x Length side i

f id i T t l t l thfor side i Total traverse length

2 Transist Rule2. Transist Rule

Correction in Perpendicular - ( Total perpendicular misclosure ) absolute value of

= x perpendicular for

for side i Total absolute value of perpendiculars side i

Correction in meridian - ( Total meridian misclosure ) absolute value of

= x perpendicular for

for side i Total absolute value of meridians side i

3. Least Squares Methodq

Least Squares Method onf jzpfekdifpGrf;oDtkd&D (Theory of Probability)

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Total Station &&Sdaom ukdMo'dedwfrsm;rSm-

Station Distance Northing Easting

&&S kM e s S

A 43280.21 12765.48

B 1614.70 42993.24 14354.47

C 897.81 43476.62 15111.04

D 960 36 44384 29 14797 30D 960.36 44384.29 14797.30

E 1632.67 44335.66 13165.36

A' 1127.75 43281.63 12764.29

6233.28 1.42 -1.19

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Station Distance Northing Easting N_Corrections E_Correction

A 43280.21 12765.48

B 1614.70 42993.24 14354.47 -0.367324439 0.307018988

C 897.81 43476.62 15111.04 -0.204240323 0.170709189

D 960.36 44384.29 14797.30 -0.218471544 0.182604002

E 1632.67 44335.66 13165.36 -0.371412633 0.310436004

A' 1127.75 43281.63 12764.29 -0.256551061 0.214431818

6233.28 1.42 -1.19

Misclosure 1.85

Ratio 0.0002274884 -0.0001901405

Relative Accuracy 1: 3373

Station Distance Northing Easting N_Corrections E_Correction N_S_Cor E_S_Cor Adj_N Adj_E

A 43280.21 12765.48 43280.21 12765.48

B 1614.70 42993.24 14354.47 -0.367324439 0.307018988 -0.367324439 0.307018988 42992.87 14354.78

C 897.81 43476.62 15111.04 -0.204240323 0.170709189 -0.571564761 0.477728177 43476.05 15111.52

D 960.36 44384.29 14797.30 -0.218471544 0.182604002 -0.790036306 0.660332179 44383.50 14797.96

E 1632.67 44335.66 13165.36 -0.371412633 0.310436004 -1.161448939 0.970768182 44334.50 13166.33

A' 1127.75 43281.63 12764.29 -0.256551061 0.214431818 -1.418 1.1852 43280.21 12765.48

6233.28 1.42 -1.19

Misclosure 1.85

Ratio 0.0002274884 -0.0001901405

Relative Accuracy 1: 3373Relative Accuracy 1: 3373

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