ISI Proprietary 1

Total Navigation SolutionTotal Navigation SolutionGNSS ImplementationGNSS Implementation

International Air Transport Association International Air Transport Association

Innovative Solutions InternationalInnovative Solutions International

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South African Development South African Development Community (SADC) GNSS Community (SADC) GNSS

ImplementationImplementation

Apply Total Navigation Solution in Southern AfricaApply Total Navigation Solution in Southern Africa -- 14 nations – 26 airports-- 14 nations – 26 airports -- Support Airline Operations Throughout Region -- Support Airline Operations Throughout Region

Through Development of GNSS arrivals, LNAV/VNAV Through Development of GNSS arrivals, LNAV/VNAV approaches, and departures at Selected Airportsapproaches, and departures at Selected Airports

-- Provide Turnkey capability -- Provide Turnkey capability -- Kenya and Cape Verde were added midway -- Kenya and Cape Verde were added midway

through projectthrough project --- 11 additional airports --- 11 additional airports

3

SADC ProjectSADC Project

IATA is the project sponsor coordinating IATA is the project sponsor coordinating activities through their offices in Montrealactivities through their offices in Montreal

Project developed through Project developed through – SADC member states (CAAs)SADC member states (CAAs)– IATA member airlinesIATA member airlines

ISI is delivering its Total Navigation ISI is delivering its Total Navigation Solution in partnership with IATASolution in partnership with IATA

4

Operational GoalsOperational Goals

Increase Approach Availability Decrease Minima where possible Provide a Stable Arrival/Approach to Terminal Area

Operations Provide Constant Rate of Descent Throughout

Arrival and Approach Minimum Flight Time in Terminal Area Minimize Impact to ATC Provide Regulatory Framework to Enable Operations

5

Total Navigation SolutionTotal Navigation Solution- Philosophy -- Philosophy -

Project is divided into “Modules”Project is divided into “Modules” Designed as a turnkey GNSS solutionDesigned as a turnkey GNSS solution Consistent, reliable, and repeatable process Consistent, reliable, and repeatable process

with integritywith integrity Addresses all aspects of implementation; Addresses all aspects of implementation;

from legislative infrastructure through to from legislative infrastructure through to flight validationflight validation

Flexibility for customization both in how Flexibility for customization both in how and to what level of end state expertiseand to what level of end state expertise

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Total Navigation SolutionTotal Navigation Solution- Philosophy -- Philosophy -

Bring all stakeholders togetherBring all stakeholders together Minimize capital outlay by customer, Minimize capital outlay by customer,

maximize return on investmentmaximize return on investment Emphasis is placed on the end state Emphasis is placed on the end state

operational capability being delivered to operational capability being delivered to each stakeholdereach stakeholder

ICAO ANC endorsed the Modules for ICAO ANC endorsed the Modules for Global GNSS ImplementationGlobal GNSS Implementation

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Procedure DesignProcedure Design WorkflowWorkflow

Design team collects background data

Initial Data Sources

NIMA DAFIF (Airspace, Aerodrome Data, and current procedures)NIMA DTED (Terrain data)NIMA DVOF (obstructions)Commercial data resources (Airspace, Approaches, obstructions)Commercially available data (Maps, Charts and obstruction data) GIS Data Sources (Roads, Topography, Hydrology, transportation, political boundaries)IATA Airport Obstruction Database (airfield obstructions)Digital Chart of the World - DCW (terrain)

Design team builds sample procedures PrecisionWare

Initial Site Visit by ISI team

ProjectGeographic Information

System database designed

GNSS briefingsfor CAA officials and

GNSS Procedure Design Training

ATC and user operational

requirements gathered with

review andvalidation of

sample procedures

Training CoordinationMapping/Charting

and Geodetic data collection with airfield

and obstruction surveys

Tools

Geotranslation toolsDatabase Management

Criteria PANS-OPS

TERPSNational

Geographic Information System database refined

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Simulator

(Flyability, Data Continuity,424 Coding Validation,Aircraft Performance)

SAFETY First !!SAFETY First !!Criteria Compliance

Flight RoutesATC and User Compliance

Database Integrity

ICAO Annex 4 Charts

Developed and Navigation Database

Coding

Procedure Design Process

(Airspace Evaluations, Approach, Departure, and STAR Design)

Procedure Simulation and Quality Assurance Process

Procedure Validation

Validator(Flight Check, Obstruction Verification, System

Performance, Client Review and Approval)

Procedure Ready for Publication

Work Flow (Cont’d)Work Flow (Cont’d)

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Total Navigation SolutionTotal Navigation SolutionModulesModules

National/Regional GNSS legislation WGS-84 surveys LNAV/VNAV approaches Safety Analysis (if required) RNAV SIDs and STARs FMS coding RNAV based ATS airspace Chart development Flight verification Specific training to meet needs

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National GNSS LegislationNational GNSS Legislation

Incorporate or reference relevant regulatory Incorporate or reference relevant regulatory materialsmaterials

Compliance with international standards and Compliance with international standards and recommended practicesrecommended practices

A A generic legislative framework to cover all generic legislative framework to cover all required aspects of allowing for the use of required aspects of allowing for the use of GNSS procedures while addressing specific GNSS procedures while addressing specific national/regional requirementsnational/regional requirements

Consultation with key regulators and service Consultation with key regulators and service providers at international (ICAO), regional (JAA) providers at international (ICAO), regional (JAA) and national (FAA) levelsand national (FAA) levels

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WGS84 Survey TechniquesWGS84 Survey Techniques

Primary/secondary airport control points and runway surveys

Surveys with two different techniques Surveys of obstacles on airport surface Surveys of obstacles in approach, missed approach,

departure areas and radius around airport Conducted by experienced survey teams with ICAO

compliant techniques

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GNSS/RNAV Approach GNSS/RNAV Approach ProceduresProcedures

Procedure development using PrecisionWare Designer

Construction of complete procedures from initial segment through missed approach holding waypoints

Precise evaluation of obstacles Local or NIMA terrain data for airports PANS-OPS or TERPS compliant

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GNSS/RNAV Approach GNSS/RNAV Approach ProceduresProcedures

Develop using

Step 1

An Approach Simulation Tool

Step 4

A Flight Check ToolA Procedure Design Tool

Step 2

Step 3

Organize using

Verify using

PrecisionWarei is a Suite of FOUR Tools that will help

Procedure Developers in the SURVEY, DESIGN,

SIMULATION, and VALIDATION

of GNSS procedures.

Validate using

A Datum Conversation Tool

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AMILCAR GPS APPROACHAMILCAR GPS APPROACH

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AMILCAR GPS APPROACHAMILCAR GPS APPROACH

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Safety AnalysisSafety Analysis

Some airports will require a statistical safety case to ensure combined error budget will not exceed protection limits, e.g. Cape Town

Safety analysis will provide basis for FAA/CAA approval, if waivers are required

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GNSS/RNAV SIDS and GNSS/RNAV SIDS and STARSSTARS

SIDs using PANS-OPS criteria for each identified runway and developed to accommodate the broadest range of aircraft

STARs providing a standard routing for aircraft entering busy terminal areas integrated into existing ATC structure as required

Based on optimal criteria as identified in PANS-OPS Doc 8168-OPS/611 Volume II

If required, exceptions or waivers to PANS-OPS criteria can be documented and coordinated with the appropriate authorities

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FMS CodingFMS Coding

Interpretation by various FMCS’s Ensure that our intent is clear An extract of the Terminal Area Procedure

(SID/STAR and APPROACH) is coded in the form of the waypoint and path and terminator leg types as would be found in the full ARINC 424 database coding compatible with the data requirements of client FMCS

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ATS Airspace Design ATS Airspace Design StructureStructure

Study of existing airspace structure Use of existing airspace structure and fixes

to the extent possible Identification of optimal air traffic flow for

safety and efficiency Efficient link between en route and terminal

airspace GNSS provides optimum flexibility for

terminal area airspace design

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ATS Airspace Design ATS Airspace Design StructureStructure

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Development and Development and Publication of ChartsPublication of Charts

Procedure verification chart Data verification Additional quality assurance review ICAO Annex 4 and Aeronautical Chart

Manual 8697 compliant “camera ready chart”

Internationally accepted format

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Flight VerificationFlight Verification

Validation of survey, approach design, flight suitability

Linked to design tools to provide a seamless electronic transition from Design and Simulation to Validation

Carry-on package, 20cm tracking Simple user interface Completion of end-to-end audit trail Consistent with ICAO and FAA flight

inspections requirements

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Flight Verification – Flight Verification – Validator Validator

Airborne Unit

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Flight Verification Flight Verification ValidatorValidator

Ground UnitNot Required forMost Approaches

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InnovativeSolutionsInternational

Cockpit ViewCockpit View

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FAA ParticipationFAA Participation

Provided Aircraft Support and Flight Inspection Expertise at Many Locations

Installed Validator Directly on FAA Aircraft

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C V S(11 5.3 )

Clim b to turn r ight d irectto G332M .

M ISS ED APPRO ACH:2500'

0510

THR 176’

3400’(3 22 4’)

710’(5 34 ’)

(MAP t)RW 19

G360RG332MG033N(IAF )

(M APt)RW 19

G332M(M AHF )

(IAF)G 332M

INSTRUMENTAPPROACHCHART - ICAO

A ER O D R O M E E LE V. H EIG H TS R EL ATE D TO

T HR RW Y - E LE V M IN TE M P 1 0°C

185’

19 176’A PPT W R

- 11 9.7- 11 9.7

OC A/H (534’)710’ 80 100 120 140 160 180

A B C DOC A(O CH)

Rate of descend (5.5% ) ft/m in 450 570 680 790 900 1020

R D H 5 0V PA 3.2 °

188°(180°T)

SYSTEM

B-VNAV GN SS

NM from T HR RW Y 19

Rev: new

G360L(IF )

Ground Speed kts

3400'

710 '

2500'

11

1900’(1 72 4’)

4 49 ’

8 71 ’1 33 6’

5 48 ’

MSA25 NM2400

ALT ITUDE S, ELEVATIO NSAND HEIGHT S IN F EET

BEARINGS ARE M AGNETICDISTANCES IN NAUTICAL M ILES

G360F(FAF )

1900’(1 72 4’)

6

(090°T)098°

(IAF)G 360R3400'

6

(18

0°T

)1

88°

(IAF)G 033N3400'

7.5

(270°T)278°

(IF)G 360L1900'

(FAF)G 360F1900'

6

(180

°T)

188°

Note:- C lim b to 1500' ALT prior to level acceleratio n

- H ig h terrain on bo th sides of f inal approach

Flight VerificationChart

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Flight VerificationFlight Verification Ground TrackGround Track

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GNSS/RNAV Approach GNSS/RNAV Approach Procedures SimulationProcedures Simulation

Computer-based procedure verification with PrecisionWare Simulator

Software allows the evaluation of approach procedures to minimize costly flight inspection time

Evaluate and verify obstacle, FTE, clearance areas and turning radii

Simulate different aircraft types and different wind conditions

Data useful for waivers and specials

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TrainingTraining

Workshops:– Tactical by design.– Last from two to six weeks dependent on the desired

end level of expertise.– Cover the complete procedure development training

for the front line working level of the air navigation service provider.

– Introduction to GNSS, PANS-OPS criteria, GNSS specific criteria, and approach design workshops.

– Aim is to introduce the participant to GNSS procedures and create a level of understanding to allow for review, approval and potential maintenance of GNSS procedures.

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Benefits RealizedBenefits Realized

Safety3-D Guidance for All Phases of Flight

Inside Terminal AreasIncreased Situational Awareness Through

Continuous Access to Navigation Information

-- Reduction in CFIT Accidents Efficiency

Ability to Reduce Impact of Weather on Traffic Flow

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Quality Control ProcessQuality Control Process

QC for any individual module as a separate service

Runway and obstacle data only handled once but validated throughout development process through use of PrecisionWare

Flexibility for customer provided module(s) to be integrate into process

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SADC Project SummarySADC Project Summary Project initiated Jan 1, 2001:

– 37 WGS-84 surveys completed– 238 procedures designed and charted

GNSS LNAV/VNAV approaches SIDs STARs

– Airspace redesign for 37 airports– 3 2-week PANS OPS Design Courses– 16 One Day GNSS courses (in each State)– Flight validation for all procedures -- Rejection rate – less than 2/10ths of 1% of all

procedures– Created first Nation to have all IFR runway ends

served by GNSS RNAV approaches – Cape Verde

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Total Navigation Solution Total Navigation Solution SummarySummary

Modular designModular design Overall quality management plan covers each process as Overall quality management plan covers each process as

well as the total systemwell as the total system Approach provides for maximum flexibility:Approach provides for maximum flexibility:

– Modular implementation puts the process in “digestible” pieces Modular implementation puts the process in “digestible” pieces for all stakeholdersfor all stakeholders

– Customers choose the solution set which meets their Customers choose the solution set which meets their requirementsrequirements

– CAAs or other service providers who may be at various stages CAAs or other service providers who may be at various stages of implementation select what works from a menu of productsof implementation select what works from a menu of products

Benefits accrue to clients within twelve to eighteen Benefits accrue to clients within twelve to eighteen months of project inceptionmonths of project inception

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Questions?Questions?

Jeff CochraneJeff CochranePh. 703-883-8088 Ext. 150Ph. 703-883-8088 Ext. 150

E-mail Jcochrane@isicns.comE-mail Jcochrane@isicns.com

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Santo Dumont AirportRio de Janeiro

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Aeroparque Jorge Newberry

Buenos Aires