Tomato Profile

Tomato Profile

Content Sheet

Particulars Page No.

I. Global scenario 2 II. Indian Scenario 1.0 Tomato production in India 3 2.0 Varieties 4 3.0 Tomato producing states 5 3.1 Harvest Seasons of Tomato 5 3.2 Tomato production in Orissa 6 3.3 Tomato production in Andhra Pradesh 6 3.4 Tomato production in Karnataka 8 3.5 Tomato production in Bihar 9 3.6 Tomato production in Maharashtra 10 3.7 Tomato production in West Bengal 11 4.0 Tomato consumption and demand 11 5.0 Arrival and Distribution pattern at major consumption markets

12

6.0 Packing:

12

Safal National Exchange of India Limited 1

Tomato Profile

Global Scenario

Global Tomato Production The tomato is one of the most important "protective foods" both because of its

special nutritive value and also because of its widespread production. Tomato is

said to be the native of tropical America. From tropical America it spread to other

parts of the world in the 16th century and it became popular in India within the last

six decades. It is the world's largest vegetable crop after potato and sweet

potato. World produces around 117 million tons of tomatoes from an area of 43

lakh hectares (average of 2001 to 2005). The following graph depicts the trend in

area and production tomato in the world.

Tomato producing countries China is the largest tomato producing country in the world almost contributing for

25% of world’s tomato production. During 2005 China stood first with annual

production of 31.64 million tons followed by USA with 12.76 million tons, Turkey

9.7 million tons, Italy 7.81 million tons and India and Egypt each with 7.6 million

tons. These six countries contributed for around 60% of world’s tomatoes

production.


Trend in area and production of tomato in the world

36

38

40

42

44

46

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

lakh

ha

9501000105011001150120012501300

lakh

tons

Area (lakh ha) Production (lakh tons)

Tomato Profile

Indian scenario Tomato production Tomato occupies a significant position in vegetable production. Area under

tomato in the country is about 4.97 lakh hectares and it is about 7.3% of the total

cropped land under vegetables. Annual production of tomato in India is 86 lakh

tons which is 8.5% of the total vegetable production. There has been a gradual

increase in the area under tomato while the production has been fluctuating due

to weather related factors.

All India - Trends in Tomato Area and Production

3.603.804.004.204.404.604.805.005.205.405.60

1996

-97

1997

-98

1998

-99

1999

-00

2000

-01

2001

-02

2002

-03

2003

-04

2004

-05

season

Area

( La

kh H

ecta

res

)

54

59

64

69

74

79

84

89

Prod

uctio

n ( L

akh

Tons

)

Area Production

\

Source: Ministry of Agriculture, NHB


Tomato Profile

Varieties:

Improved varieties Yield Sioux 250 Pusa Early Dwarf 395 Co-1 380 CO 2 300 Punjab Chhuhara 200 PKM 1 300 Pusa Ruby 250 Paiyur-1 300 Arka Ashish 350 Arka Abha 250 Arka Alok 350 Shakthi 300 Note: Yield in Quintal per hectare


Hybrids Yield Arka Vishal (FM Hybrid-1) 750 Arka Vardan (FM Hybrid-2) 750 Pusa Hybrid 1 320 Pusa Hybrid 2 600 COTH 1 Hybrid Tomato 960 BRH-1 and BRH-2 (Arka Abhijit Arka Shresta) 690 Vaishali 600 Rupali 700 Naveen 700 Avinash 2 1200 MTH 4 800 Sadabahar 900 Gulmohar 900 Sonali 750 Note: Yield in Quintal per hectare

Tomato Profile

Tomato Growing States

Tomato is widely grown across various states in the country. The states of

Orissa, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Bihar, West Bengal and

Gujarat contribute more than 65% of the total national production.

Tomato production share ( production 86 lakh tons)

15%

14%

11%

10%9%8%

5%

28%

ORRISA ANDHRA PRADESH KARNATAKAMAHARASHTRA BIHAR WEST BENGALGUJARAT Others

Source: Ministry of Agriculture, NHB

Harvest Seasons of Tomato in India


State Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Andhra Pradesh Bihar Gujarat Haryana Karnataka Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra Orissa Punjab Rajasthan TN Uttar Pradesh West Bengal

Tomato Profile

Note: Peak season Lean season

Orissa – Tomato Seasonality Price Index

Andhra Pradesh - Tomato - Area and Production Trends

0.45

0.5

0.55

0.6

0.65

0.7

0.75

0.8

0.85

0.9

2000-2001 2001-2002 2002-2003 2003-2004 2004-2005 2005-2006

year

Area

( La

kh H

ecta

res

)

5

7

9

11

13

15

17

Prod

uctio

n ( L

akh

Tons

)

Area Production

Orissa - Tomato Price seasonality trend

143

Dec

63738393

103113123133

Jan

Feb

Mar Apr

May Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Month

Inde

x

Tomato prices in Orissa the major producer of tomato in the country witness high

prices in the month of December and after that there is a gradual decline in

prices. Prices are lowest in the month of May.

Tomato Production in Andhra Pradesh

Andhra Pradesh stands second to Orissa in production of tomato in India.

Tomato is cultivated in about 85000 hectares with annual production of about 16

lakh tons. In Andhra Pradesh the major tomato growing belts are Rangareddy,

Mahabubnagar, Prakasam, Vishakhapatnam and Chittoor


Tomato Profile

Source: Department of Horticulture

Kurnool is the largest tomato producing district contributing for more than 25% of

state’s tomato production. Chittoor stands contributing over 20% towards state’s

tomatoes production District-wise percent tomato production in Andhra Pradesh

during 2004-05 (12.5 lakh tons)Kurnool

29%

Chittoor21%Adilabad

11%

Prakasam5%

Cuddapa6%

Medak5%

Others23%


Seasonality Price Index

Andhra Pradesh - Tomato price seasonality

65

75

85

95

105

115

125

Jan

Feb

Mar Apr

May Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Month

Inde

x


Tomato Profile

Prices of tomato in Andhra Pradesh touches low in the month of May and then

there is a gradual increase in prices. Prices tend to reach high in the month of

November and December.

Tomato Production in Karnataka:

Tomato in Karnataka is produced through out the year. The major tomato

growing areas in Karnataka are Bangalore, Tumkur, Kolar, Hassan, Haveri,

Davangere. The total land under tomato in the state is 35429 hectares with a

production base of 9.52 lakh tons.

In Karnataka tomato production is distributed into three seasons:

Seasons Percentage

Kharif 37

Rabi 33

Summer 30

District wise share in tomato production

District wise share in tomato production ( 10 Lakh Tons ) - Karnataka

38

1075

5

4

4

4

33

16

Kolar Belgaum Mysore MandyaBangalore (Rural) Haveri Davanagere Bangalore (Urban)Bijapur Hassan others



Tomato Profile


Tomato Profile

Seasonality Price index

Karnataka - Tomato Price Seasonality

727782879297

102107112117122

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

months

inde

x

Tomato Production in Bihar:

Tomato in Bihar is grown in 46000 hectares with a production base of about 7

lakh tons. Tomato in Bihar is grown mainly in the districts of Chapra, Nalanda,

Hazipur and Buxar.

Bihar - District Wise tomato Production

0.180.230.280.330.380.430.480.53

Pat

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District

Prod

uctio

n

( Lak

h To

ns )


Tomato Profile

Tomato Production in Maharashtra:

Tomato in Maharashtra is cultivated in 34000 hectares with production at about 8

lakh tons. The top five districts viz., Nasik, Pune, Nagpur, Chandpur and

Ahmednagar contributes for nearly 75% of state’s production. Nasik stands with

35% contribution. The following graph depicts the district-wise percent average

tomato production in Maharashtra Tomato production is mainly focused in 4

districts which is tabulated below:

Districts Production ( Tons )Nasik 173185Pune 77850Ahmednagar 36561Nagpur 4000Thane 2760Dhule 131



Maharashtra - Tomato Price Seasonality

72

82

92

102

112

122

132

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Month

Inde

x


Tomato Profile

Tomato Production in West Bengal:

West Bengal has about 47000 hectares under tomato cultivation with production

base at 7.48 lakh tons. The key growing districts are Darjeeling, Jalpaiguri, North

Dinajpur, Nadia, Purulia, Bankura, 24 Parganas, Malda, Murshidabad,

Coochbehar are the major tomato growing areas in the state.


West Bengal- Tomato Price seasonality trend

21416181

101121141161181

Jan

Feb

Mar Apr

May Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Month

Inde

x

Tomato Price Volatility:

Tomato prices witness a high degree of volatility due to its high perishability in

nature and disturbances in production and supply.

State Volatility (%)Orissa 40 Andhra Pradesh 48 Karnataka 44 Maharashtra 30 West Bengal 58


Tomato Profile

Consumption and Demand:

Tomato consumption in India is increasing at a gradual phase. According to FAO

per capita consumption of tomato increased from 4.42 kg to 6.63 Kilogram per

annum during 1991 to 2004

Tomato – Arrival and Distribution at major markets

Market Source Apr-Jun Jul-Sep Oct-Dec Jan-MarBangalore Karnataka 90 130 80 130 Chennai Tamil Nadu 200 100 200 300

Karnataka 270 100 80 210 Andhra Pradesh 200 80

Hyderabad Andhra Pradesh 30 40 70 80 Karnataka 50 20

Delhi Local, Maharashtra 350 350 390 350 Mumbai Local 170 200 150 170 Jaipur Rajasthan 30 120 80 40

Gujarat 70 40 20 10 Delhi/Bangalore 20 40 60 50

Lucknow Karnataka 300 460 Maharashtra 220 290

Pune Maharashtra 40 20 20 40 Mysore Karnataka 100 200 200 100

Vijayawada Karnataka 30 Andhra Pradesh 60 60 30 60

Hubli Andhra Pradesh 60 50 60 70 Karnataka 80 30 40 Maharashtra 80 60 60 70

Note: Values are tons per day basis

Marketing Channels Channel I. Farmers -- Regulated markets –CA/Forwarder—Wholesaler—

Retailer--Consumer

Channel II: Producer -- Commission agent/ Wholesaler (local market) --

Retailer --Consumer


Tomato Profile

Channel III: Producer -- Commission agent --Wholesaler (distant market) --

Retailer –Consumer

Channel IV : Farmer – Village level Traders –Wholesaler at distant markets (

This is mainly practiced during the months of April to June by wholesalers at long

distant markets) Harvesting: The harvest of tomato takes place at various stages of the fruit growth. The

following indicates the stages of harvest and usability:

Stage Usability Green To Long distance marketsPink Local markets Ripe Immediate for

table purpose Full Ripe Processing

Packing: Tomatoes are packed depending on the transportability. Three types of packing

materials are used for packing tomatoes.

Packing Material

Cost per

material ( Rs )

Capacity ( Kg )

Number / Truck

Loss in packaging

and transport (%)

Bamboo Basket 35-40 30-35 280 >5

Small wooden Baskets

20 7-8 550 <5

Big wooden Baskets

35 30-35 280 <5

Plastic Boxes 160 26-28 300 1-2


Source: ikisan.com

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Tomato Profile