TOEFL ITP Structure and Written Expression (Sentencewith

English IIIKUS2001

TOEFL ITPStructure and Written

Expression (Sentence with Inverted

Subjects and Verbs)

Week VII_English III_THJ & JYD 1

OutlineqReviewqObjectives of the lesson q Structure and Written Expression: Sentences with inverted subjects

and verbs (Skills 15-19) q Exercise


Review

Reduced clause


Objectives of the lesson


Source: Deborah Philip, 2003

• You understand the test form of TOEFL Structure and Written Form • You are able to determine the correct answer to the exercises (the

application of skills 15-19)

Sentences with Inverted Subjects and Verbs


Source: Deborah Philip, 2003

• Inverted subject and verb? What does that mean?• It means the structure of subject and verb in a sentence is not like

the “common” structure. • What is “common” structure? The clothes are in the drawer. (common structure)

S V In the drawer are the clothes. (inverted subject and verb)

V S


Skill 15: Invert the subject and verb with question words

KUS2001_English3_SWE_Week07_JYD X


Skill 15: Invert the subject and verb with question words (who, what, when, where, why, how.)The structure:1. To introduce a question (inverted subject and verb).

Question word V Subject ? What is it?

2. To connect clauses (not inverted subject and verb).

S V question word S V I know what it is



Skill 15: Invert the subject and verb with question words (who, what, when, where, why, how.) Where did they buy the software? Inverted

They told me where they bought it. Correct or incorrect? “Only the pilot can tell you how far can the plane go on one tank fuel.”The correct form: “Only the pilot can tell you how far the plane can go on one tank full.”



Example: There are geographic, economic, and cultural reasons why ____ around the world.(A) diets differ (B) do diets differ(C) are diets different(D) to differ

The answer: A

KUS2001_English3_SWE_Week07_JYD

Skill 15: Invert the subject and verb with question words (who, what, when, where, why, how.)

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Skill 16: Invert the subject and verb with place expressions

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Skill 16: Invert the subject and verb with place expressions. Below is the link to access the file. —> inverted place expression V S

The link to access the file is below. —> not inverted S V place expression

*Note: Subject and verb are inverted after a place expression or prepositional phrase Place expressions: Nowhere, here, there. Prepositional phrases: In the house, around the yard, behind the door, etc.

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Skill 16: Invert the subject and verb with place expressions.

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The Structure



Example: On the level of the parking lot _____(A) is empty (B) are empty(C) some empty stalls are (D) are some empty stalls

The answer: D

Skill 16: Invert the subject and verb with place expressions.

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Skill 17: Invert the subject and verb with negatives

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1. Negative expressions appear at the beginning of the sentence. Example: Not once did I miss a question. —> inverted Negative helping V S

2. Negative expressions appear in the middle of then sentence. Example: I did not miss a question, and neither did she. —> inverted


Skill 17: Invert the subject and verb with negatives.

Example: __________ ignored us in every meeting.(A) Never the manager (B) Never did the manager (C) The manager did(D) Never has the manager

The answer: D

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Skill 17: Invert the subject and verb with negatives.

Example: __________ ignored us in every meeting.(A) Never the manager (B) Never did the manager (C) The manager did(D) Never has the manager

The answer: D

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Skill 18: Invert the subject and verb with conditionals

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Conditionals = IF clausesNot inverted:If S V, S VIf I were you, I would take the chance Or

S V if S VI would do it if I were you

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Not inverted form:If she were here, he would help

*Note:Subject and verb are inverted in the if clause (by omitting the “if”)



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If I had known it, I would have told you.Had I known it, I would have told you. (inverted)I would have told you had I known it. (inverted)

If you should go, you may take my car.Should you go, you may take my car. (inverted)You take my car should you go. (inverted)



Example: They would definitely assist us do this project _______ (A) were they in our department(B) if they are here (C) if they (D) if were they here

The answer: A

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Skill 19: Invert the subject and verb with comparisons.

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She has done the task faster than I.She has done the task faster than I have.She has done the task faster than have I.




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*Note:Subject and verb are inverted after the comparison.


Example: The results of the current experiment appear to be more consistent than _______ the results of any previous tests.(A) them(B) were(C) they were (D) were they

The answer: B

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Exercises: 1. Exercises skills 15-19 (correct/incorrect: number 6-10) 2. TOEFL Exercise 15-19 3. TOEFL Review Exercise 1-19

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Next Week: Midterm Exam: Listening skills (parts A, B, and C) and S & W

Next 2 Weeks: SWE skills 20-21

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References

Deborah Phillips. Longman Preparation Course for the TOEFL test: The Paper Test. New York: Pearson Education, Inc, 2003.


Documents

TOEFL ITP Structure and Written Expression (Sentencewith