PART ONE Introduction to Course 1 PART TWO Introduction to Structure and Written Expression (Grammar) 5 STEP ONE Main Clauses 18 Subordination 34 STEP TWO Subject-Verb Agreement 58 Subject-Pronoun Agreement 76 Verb Tense and Form 86 Pronoun Form and Reference 95 STEP THREE Verbals 114 Word Form 134 STEP FOUR Word Order 158 Parallel Structure 175 Unnecessary Repetition 187 STEP FIVE Correct Usage 194 PART THREE The Written Essay 221 PART FOUR Listening Comprehension 225 PART FIVE Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary 232 APPENDICES 236

Table of Contents

TOEFL PREP for Spanish Speakers

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To Mrs. Hall, my most inspiring teacher, whom I might impersonate but could never imitate.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Many thanks to Rosa Aguilar Montes de Oca who first asked me "Can you help me with the TOEFL exam?"

Thanks to Victor Hugo Ramos for use of his course notes in Spanish.

Thanks to Guadalupe Marcial for tirelessly working with me through rough drafts.

Thanks to Mónica Lobatón for helping me understand

some of the mysterious world of publishing in Mexico.

Thanks to the talented reviewers and teachers of pilot programs.

Most of all, thanks to my students, the hundreds who have worked through this program and taught me more than I could have possibly taught them.

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