Today’s topics Today’s topics Shakespeare Shakespeare

Macbeth Macbeth

Scottish & English KingsScottish & English Kings

Shakespeare Shakespeare

• Shakespeare is often regarded Shakespeare is often regarded as the greatest writer of the as the greatest writer of the English languageEnglish language

• Few records of Shakespeare's Few records of Shakespeare's private life survive, so there is private life survive, so there is a lot of debate about his life, a lot of debate about his life, including whether or not he including whether or not he wrote the works himself.wrote the works himself.

ShakespeareShakespeare

• Shakespeare’s 38 plays are divided into Shakespeare’s 38 plays are divided into comedies, histories, and tragedies.comedies, histories, and tragedies.

• Shakespeare also acted in his plays, and Shakespeare also acted in his plays, and many were performed at the famous many were performed at the famous Globe Globe Theatre.Theatre.

• The tragedies Hamlet, King Lear, and The tragedies Hamlet, King Lear, and Macbeth, are often considered his greatest Macbeth, are often considered his greatest works.works.

• Most of his works are written in Iambic Most of his works are written in Iambic Pentameter Pentameter (meter,feet) (meter,feet)

• ““iiAM” short-long. 5 feet. 1 foot = 2 syllables. AM” short-long. 5 feet. 1 foot = 2 syllables.

Other famous playsOther famous plays

• Othello (T)Othello (T)

• TThe Taming of the Shrew (C) *he Taming of the Shrew (C) *

• Twelfth Night (C)Twelfth Night (C)

• Julius Ceaser (T) Julius Ceaser (T)

• Richard III (H)Richard III (H)

• MMidsummer Night’s Dream (C)idsummer Night’s Dream (C)

• HHenry V (H)enry V (H)

• Romeo & Juliet (T) * Romeo & Juliet (T) *

The Globe TheatreThe Globe Theatre

Movie suggestion: Shakespeare in Love

““ The Scottish Play”The Scottish Play”

Macbeth, “The Scottish Play”Macbeth, “The Scottish Play”

• Curse (Curse ( 咒文咒文 ))

• Bad luckBad luck

• 3 witches3 witches

MacbethMacbeth

A tragedy about a Scottish General who A tragedy about a Scottish General who kills the King to fulfill his ambition to be kills the King to fulfill his ambition to be kingking. He and his wife are overcome with . He and his wife are overcome with

guilt, which leads to their downfall. guilt, which leads to their downfall.

MacbethMacbeth

Because of the play, Macbeth is the most Because of the play, Macbeth is the most famous Scottish King. But Shakespeare’s famous Scottish King. But Shakespeare’s

portrayal is inaccurate. portrayal is inaccurate.

The Scottish RoyaltyThe Scottish Royalty

First Scottish King of England

Son of James I Executed during Civil War

Son of executed Charles I Asked to return and rule as King

Brother of Charles II (above)Escapes during the Glorious Revolution. Last Catholic King.

Daughter of Above, Overthrows father and rules with husband.

Sister of Mary. Unites England and Scotland.

MacbethMacbeth

The real Macbeth was King of the Scots The real Macbeth was King of the Scots for 17 years from 1040-1057 AD.for 17 years from 1040-1057 AD.

The Kingdom of Scotland existed from The Kingdom of Scotland existed from 843 until 1707843 until 1707

King James VI & IKing James VI & I

• King James VI of Scotland was Queen King James VI of Scotland was Queen Elizabeth’s closest relative. Elizabeth’s closest relative.

• After the death of Queen Elizabeth I, After the death of Queen Elizabeth I, King James became king of both King James became king of both Scotland and England. But Scotland Scotland and England. But Scotland remained a separate country for remained a separate country for another 100 yearsanother 100 years. .

• Though he’s Catholic, England Though he’s Catholic, England remained Protestant.remained Protestant.

• He was King during Shakespeare’s He was King during Shakespeare’s time, and it is thought that Macbeth time, and it is thought that Macbeth celebrates his Scottish ancestors.celebrates his Scottish ancestors.

Charles I Charles I & the English Civil War& the English Civil War

• Charles I was the son of King James VI & I. He was tried Charles I was the son of King James VI & I. He was tried and executed during the English Civil War. and executed during the English Civil War.

• His execution led to the temporary end of the Kingdom of His execution led to the temporary end of the Kingdom of England. England.

• Oliver Cromwell led England during this time. After his Oliver Cromwell led England during this time. After his death, a political crisis brought back the monarchy. death, a political crisis brought back the monarchy.

King Charles II,King Charles II,KKing James II & VIIing James II & VII

• After Cromwell’s death, After Cromwell’s death, England asks the son of England asks the son of Charles I, Charles II, to Charles I, Charles II, to rule.rule.

• Charles II died w/ no Charles II died w/ no children and his brother children and his brother became King. became King.

• The next king is The next king is the final the final of the Scottish line of of the Scottish line of English Kings:English Kings:• King James II & VIIKing James II & VII

King James II & VIIKing James II & VII and the Glorious Revolution and the Glorious Revolution

• James II was the last Catholic King. James II was the last Catholic King.

• Protestants feared England would Protestants feared England would become Catholic.become Catholic.

• Parliment asked James’ Protestant Parliment asked James’ Protestant daughter, Mary, and her husband, daughter, Mary, and her husband, William, to invade England and William, to invade England and take over the monarchy – Glorious take over the monarchy – Glorious RevRev

• King James’s military was not King James’s military was not willing to fight. willing to fight.

• King James fled to France, and King James fled to France, and William and Mary became King and William and Mary became King and Queen.Queen.

Dutch Ships, the invasion of

William of Orange

William III & Mary IIWilliam III & Mary II

• ““William and Mary”William and Mary”

• Mary refused to accept Mary refused to accept political power over her political power over her husband. So they were husband. So they were the first couple to the first couple to become jointly King become jointly King and Queen. and Queen.

First Scottish King of England

Son of James I Executed during Civil War

Son of executed Charles I Asked to return and rule as King

Brother of Charles II (above)Escapes during the Glorious Revolution. Last Catholic King.

Daughter of Above, Overthrows father and rules with husband.

Sister of Mary. Unites England and Scotland.

Father and sonFather and son

• King Charles I and King Charles I and tthe he future King James II. future King James II.

• Charles to be executedCharles to be executed

• James to be overthrown James to be overthrown by his daughter.by his daughter.

Glorious RevolutionGlorious Revolution

The Glorious Revolution was not the end of the many conflicts The Glorious Revolution was not the end of the many conflicts between Catholics and Protestants in Great Britain or in between Catholics and Protestants in Great Britain or in

Europe, but it was the end of the Catholic monarchy. Europe, but it was the end of the Catholic monarchy.

Even today, no Catholic may become King or Queen of England. Even today, no Catholic may become King or Queen of England.

Kingdom of Great BritainKingdom of Great Britain

• 1 May 1707, the Acts 1 May 1707, the Acts of Union merged of Union merged Scotland & England, Scotland & England, creating the Kingdom creating the Kingdom of Great Britain.of Great Britain.

Queen Anne, daughter of James II, sister to Queen Mary II. United

Scotland and England.

ScotlandScotland

Next week, More about Scotland…Next week, More about Scotland…

MacbethMacbeth

The Tragedy of MacbethThe Tragedy of Macbeth, Today’s movie , Today’s movie will be a will be a challengechallenge, so first let me , so first let me introduce some important points.introduce some important points.

Macbeth,Macbeth, the plot the plot

• The play begins with The play begins with witches conjuring. witches conjuring.

• The King talks with The King talks with soldiers.soldiers.• discuss a nobleman discuss a nobleman

traitor (Thane of traitor (Thane of Cawdor) Cawdor)

• and and the heroic actions the heroic actions of Macbeth.of Macbeth.

• The King decides to The King decides to give give MMacbeth the acbeth the noble title (noble title ( 官衔官衔 ): ): Thane of Cawdor. Thane of Cawdor.

Director: Roman PolanskiDirector: Roman PolanskiDirector: Roman PolanskiDirector: Roman Polanski

The PlotThe Plot• MMacbeth and his acbeth and his

friend Banquo meet friend Banquo meet the witches, who the witches, who predict that predict that Macbeth will be Macbeth will be Thane of Cawdor Thane of Cawdor and later will and later will become King.become King.

• The witches tell The witches tell Banquo that he will Banquo that he will not be King, but his not be King, but his sons will.sons will.

• Macbeth begins Macbeth begins thinking… thinking…

The PlotThe Plot• He and his wife plot to He and his wife plot to

kill the King.kill the King.

• MMacbeth begins to have acbeth begins to have doubts. doubts.

• His wife convinces him His wife convinces him by “insulting his by “insulting his manhood.”manhood.”

• Macbeth kills King.Macbeth kills King.

…………

To watch the full movie: To watch the full movie:

http://www.tudou.com/programs/view/EoFdQ3QNID8/

麦克白 1

Famous LinesFamous Lines

“ …Nothing in his lifeBecame him like the leaving it; he died

As one that had been studied in his deathTo throw away the dearest thing he owed,

As 't were a careless trifle. ”

Famous linesFamous lines

…Come, you spirits That tend on mortal thoughts! unsex me here, And fill me from the crown to the toe top fullOf direst cruelty; make thick my blood, Stop up the access and passage to remorse, That no compunctious visitings of nature Shake my fell purpose.

Famous linesFamous lines

““ Is this a dagger which I see before me”Is this a dagger which I see before me”

Famous linesFamous lines

Yet here's a spot… Out, damn'd spot! out, I say!