Period 41. Attendance2. Brainpop on Homestasis3. Notes on Enzymes

TODAY 10/26/12

Observation is

Using your senses

Taste Hearing Touch Sight Smell

What is your challenge?

To build the highest tower of spaghetti that will hold a marshmallow at the top without falling down.

The Details: Teams of four people 18 minutes to plan and build Supplies

20 strands of spaghetti 1 meter of masking tape 1 meter of string 1 marshmallow

We will measure each standing tower.

We will make a graph of the class results and discuss our findings.

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OBSERVATION & INFERENCE

Observations (I would write this in your notebook.) Any information collected with the senses.

Quantitative – described with numbers 3 meters long 4 marbles 50 kilograms 35 degrees Celsius

Qualitative – described without numbers raptors have keen eyesight smells like fresh baked cookies tastes bitter

The skill of describing scientific events

Inference

An idea or hypothesis based on observations of a small sampling of data.

Let’s Practice Making an Inference!

(Jot down on your paper) Your Observations:

• I hear people screaming.• I smell cotton candy, popcorn, and hamburgers.• I see a lot of people.

Inference = ?

Now what do you think?

Make 3 OBSERVATIONS

Make an INFERENCE

Frame 2

Look at these two sets of animal tracks.

List 3 OBSERVATIONS

Make an INFERENCE

Frame 1

Now what do you think?

Make 3 OBSERVATIONS

Make an INFERENCEFrame 3

SOURCE OF GRAPHIC:

HTTP://BOB.NAP.EDU/HTML/EVOLUTION98/EVOL6-E.HTML

The amount of space an object occupies is called

volume

The amount of matter in an object is called

mass

INCREASE YOUR PH I.Q. ASAP

Goggle It!!

Take a tip from La Mimi…

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Increase your pH I.Q. ASAP!

A word from Soren…

http://www.geocities.com/bioelectrochemistry/sorensen.htm

pH: “pondus hydrogenii” or the “potential to be hydrogen”H: hydrogen

+: charge

H+: hydrogen ion

H3O+: hydronium ion

pH= -log([H3O+])

pH is the negative log of the

hydronium ion concentration in a liquid

http://www.ericharshbarger.org/images/office.19980611.jpg

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Q: What is a simpler way to think of pH?

Why not make a scale?

http://www.costumeuniverse.com/prodspics/insane_guy.jpg

Why not make a scale?

http://www.costumeuniverse.com/prodspics/insane_guy.jpg

1 14

7

Why not make a scale?

http://www.costumeuniverse.com/prodspics/insane_guy.jpg

1 14

7

acid base

The number is based on the concentration of hydrogen ions

HCl= .01 hydrogen ions= pH 2

NaOH=.0000000000001 hydrogen ions=pH13

Q: How is the pH number related to the ion number?

THE NUMBER IS BASED ON THE CONCENTRATION OF HYDROGEN IONS:The less hydrogen ion activity in the solution, the more BASE it is:

NaOH=.0000000000001 hydrogen ions= pH13

The more hydrogen ion activity in the solution, the more ACID it is:

HCl= .01 hydrogen ions= pH 2

How do you measure pH?

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://sciweb.hfcc.net/Biology/jacobs/bio131/ph%26meas/phpaper1.gif&imgrefurl=http://sciweb.hfcc.net/Biology/jacobs/bio131/ph%26meas/pH%26measurement.html&h=385&w=305&sz=75&tbnid=S5-AXV1yRXQJ:&tbnh=118&tbnw=94&start=18&prev=/images%3Fq%3DpH%2Bpaper%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26ie%3DUTF-8%26sa%3DG

Your hypothesis: What do you think the pH of each solution is?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

•Lay down a strip of masking tape on your bench

•Evenly space the numbers from 1-14

•Place the labeled index card where you think the pH of each solution will be

•Record your hypothesis in the chart in your handout

Something

you think is

4.7

Test the actual pH of your solutions:

•Dip the test strip in for 5 seconds, then remove it and compare it to the scale on the test strip box.

•Record your results!!

Put used test strips on a paper towel, then throw them all in the garbage

Make your spice solution:

1) Write a good quantitative statement of how you are going to prepare your spice solutions. Numbers, amounts, brand names, how long to

stir, temperature water, type of water, amount of water.

2) When okay by teacher: prepare your spice solutions and soak one little disk in each Carefully use the big pin to get the little disk

out of the cup and into the solution3) Sit back down for the next bunch of instructions

Putting your bacteria on the new petri dish. Get new plate. One per person. Put your name

on the bottom in small letters near the edge. Write the numbers 2,6, and 10 on the back of

the dish where they would be if it was a clock. Dip a q-tip in the sterile water and slide along

your own bacteria culture. Slide back and forth like the diagram shows. Do not dig in the agar.

Spread your germs all over the new plate. Do not dig in the agar.

Close the lid and sit down for further instructions

Putting the disks in the petri dish and labeling your answer paper. Carefully use the pin to transfer the disk

soaked in spice solution to next to a number on your petri dish.

Make a key on your answer paper of which number has which spice.

Rinse the pin off between uses. Continue until all disks are on your petri

dish. Close the cover, turn upside down, and

then sit in your desks!

The scientific method

1. Problem – question you are trying to figure out.

2. Hypothesis – your educated guess as the result. State it as If…..then….

3. Perform the experiment.1. Use quantitative statements to design

the experiment.2. control group – a group that you are

studying that is not being tested. You are supposed to compare the results with the control group.

Scientific Method continued Performing the Experiment continued

4. Variable – the characteristic of the experiment that can

changeIndependent variable – the

variable that is being manipulated (changed around – tested) in the experiment

Dependent variable – the variable that is the result that is measured after the factExample: I change the amount of sunlight that plants receive to see if it changes how tall the plants will grow.

Your hypothesis: What do you think the pH of each solution is?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

•Lay down a strip of masking tape on your bench

•Evenly space the numbers from 1-14

•Know what numbers are acidic, neutral or a basic

•Place the labeled index card where you think the pH of each solution will be

•Record your hypothesis in the chart in your handout

Something

you think is

4.7

Make your spice solution:

1) Write a good quantitative statement of how you are going to prepare your spice solutions. Numbers, amounts, brand names, how long to

stir, temperature water, type of water, amount of water.

2) When okay by teacher: prepare your spice solutions and soak one little disk in each Carefully use the big pin to get the little disk

out of the cup and into the solution3) Sit back down for the next bunch of instructions

Review for 10/5 quiz How do images appear under the microscope? Inverted (upside down) Larger

If you move a slide towards you, which way does it appear to move while looking through the microscope? Away from you

If you move a slide to the right, which way does it appear to move while you look through the microscope? To the left – opposite the way you move it

Know the parts and functions of a microscope. Ocular – look through and magnifies

images Objectives – magnifies images Stage – holds slide Diaphram – round spinner under stage –

controls the amount of light Course adjustment knob – focus only for

low power Fine adjustment knob – focuses on

images for all powers

What happened to the image of the e when you went from medium to high power? It gets larger It stays inverted – doesn’t flip in

between powers.

What is the total magnification if the ocular is 10x and the objective is 25x?

250x

What is a bacterial lawn?

Remember?

Do you know how to label a graphs axis?