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To Understand the Important Role of the Green Chemistry and How to Deal With It in Our Practical Life

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  • 7/30/2019 To Understand the Important Role of the Green Chemistry and How to Deal With It in Our Practical Life

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    Green Chemistry and its Role for

    Sustainability

    As

    A branched topic of the UNESCO conference

    on ESD

    Bonn, Germany, 2009

    Presenter: Dr. Zeinab Shaaban Abu-Elnaga

    Faculty of Science

    Mansoura University

    Egypt

    2009

    [email protected]

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    Learning 0bjectivesTo conceptualize the sustainability and ESD

    To understand how to apply this concept in our research

    fields of interest aiming to safe our plant

    To think prospectively about how to change our

    education subjects to be sustainable learning tools by

    Investigating examples of green chemistry applications

    relevant to students

    To understand the important role of the green chemistryand how to deal with it in our practical life

    The topic is very vast but I have tried to cover it in one

    lecture and I will give the links for more details of each

    sub-topic [email protected]

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    Performance Objectives:

    To understand the importance of Green chemistry for

    sustainability

    To design and interpret greener route to the traditionalchemical reactions

    To learn how to teach green chemistry as a lab course

    2009

    [email protected]

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    Sustainability

    Meeting the needs of the present generation without

    compromising the needs of future generations

    Green chemistry: technologies of the invention, designand application of chemical products and processes to

    reduce or to eliminate the use and generation of

    hazardous substances ,and where possible utilize

    renewable raw materials

    Primary pollution prevention not remediation

    Use of chemistry for improved environmental performance

    Is the goal

    is the means

    [email protected]

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    As human beings --- we are part of the environment

    The way in which we interact with our environment influences

    the quality of our lives

    Green

    Chemistry

    A tool

    Industrial

    ecology

    Sustainable

    development

    the goal

    Green chemistry, lies at the heart of the industrial [email protected]

  • 7/30/2019 To Understand the Important Role of the Green Chemistry and How to Deal With It in Our Practical Life

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    Green chemistry, is called also Benign chemistry or clean

    chemistry for sustainability

    Refers to the field of chemistry dealing with

    1- Synthesis (the path to making chemicals)

    2- Processing (the actual making of chemicals)

    3- Use of chemicals that reduce risks to humans and

    impact on the environment

    Green chemistry educat ion:A key to sustain the

    development of new educational materials

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    Green Chemistry Is About...

    Cost

    Waste

    Materials

    Hazard

    Risk

    Energy

    2009

    [email protected]

  • 7/30/2019 To Understand the Important Role of the Green Chemistry and How to Deal With It in Our Practical Life

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    Principles of Green ChemistryPrevent waste.

    Design safer chemicals and products.

    Design less hazardous chemical syntheses.

    Use renewable feed stocks.

    Use catalysts, not stoichiometric reagents: Catalysts are used in small amounts and

    can carry out a single reaction many times. They are preferable to stoichiometric

    reagents, which are used in excess and work only once.

    Avoid chemical derivatives: Avoid using blocking or protecting groups or any

    temporary modifications if possible. generate waste.

    Maximize atom economy.

    Use safer solvents and reaction conditions

    Increase energy efficiency.

    Design chemicals and products to degrade after use.

    Analyze in real time to prevent pollution.

    Minimize the potential for accidents.

    Originally published by Paul Anastas and John Warner in Green Chemistry: Theory

    and Practice (Oxford University Press: New York, 1998). [email protected]

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    Now, how can we deal with green chemistry

    at our practical life

    Just we need to change our mind set

    and applying the concept in

    Classrooms

    laboratory

    manufacture

    And finally the surrounding

    environment

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    O3

    or supercritical water oxidation

    If the chemical reaction of the type

    A + B P + W

    Find alternate A or B to avoid W

    Example 1:

    Disinfection of water by chlorination. Chlorine

    oxidizes the pathogens there by killing them,

    but at the same time forms harmful chlorinated

    compounds.

    A remedy is to use another oxidant, such as

    2009

    [email protected]

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    Example 2 of green chemistry

    Production of allyl alcohol CH2=CHCH2OH

    Tradit ion al route:Alkaline hydrolysis of allyl chloride, which

    generates the product and hydrochloric acid as a by-product

    Greener rou te, to avoid chlorine: Two-step using propylene

    (CH2=CHCH3), acetic acid (CH3COOH) and oxygen (O2)

    Added benef i t :The acetic acid produced in the 2nd reaction

    can be recovered and used again for the 1st reaction, leaving

    no unwanted by-product.

    CH2=CHCH2Cl + H2O CH2=CHCH2OH + HCl

    problem product

    CH2=CHCH2OCOCH3 + H2O CH2=CHCH2OH + CH3COOH

    CH2=CHCH3 + CH3COOH + 1/2 O2 CH2=CHCH2OCOCH3 + H2O

    2009

    [email protected]

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    Example 3 of green chemistry

    Production of styrene (=benzene ring with CH=CH2 tail)

    Tradit ion al route:Two-step method starting with benzene,which is carcinogenic) and ethylene to form ethylbenzene,

    followed by dehydrogenation to obtain styrene

    Greener rou te:To avoid benzene, start with xylene (cheapest

    source of aromatics and environmentally safer than benzene).

    Another opt ion, still under development, is to start with

    toluene (benzene ring with CH3 tail).

    + H2C=CH2

    catayst

    CH2CH3

    ethylbenzene

    catayst

    CH=CH2CH2-CH3

    ethylbenzene

    styrene

    2009

    [email protected]

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    Green chemistry education

    Chemistry students need to be encouraged to

    consider the principles of green chemistry when

    designing processes and choosing reagents

    Interactive Teaching Units (ITU) have been

    developed specifically to introduce undergraduate

    students to green chemistry

    There are numerous scholarships and grantsavailable for researchers and young scholars who

    are furthering the goals of green chemistry

    2009

    [email protected]

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    conclusionGreen Chemistry:

    Preventing PollutionSustaining the Earth

    Green chemistry has come a long way since its birth in 1991,

    growing from a small grassroots idea into a new approach to

    scientifically-based environmental protection

    All over the world, governments and industries are working

    with green chemists to transform the economy into a

    sustainable enterprise

    Who knows?Green chemistry may be the next social

    movement that will set aside all the worlds differences and

    allow for the creation of an environmentally commendable

    civilization [email protected]

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    Referenceshttp://www.epa.gov/greenchemistry/

    http://www.epa.gov/greenchemistry/pubs/educat.html

    http://www.epa.gov/greenchemistry/

    http://www.epa.gov/greenchemistry/pubs/principles.html

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_chemistry

    http://portal.acs.org/portal/acs/corg/content?_nfpb=true&_pageLabel=PP_TRANSITIONMAIN&node_id=830&use_sec=false&sec_url_var=region1&__uuid=76247a16-94d0-

    458e-9092-10de1c35f2c6

    http://books.google.com/books?id=ZMjkTMwO3NkC&dq=green+chemistry&printsec=fr

    ontcover&source=bl&ots=ZdGD63CxOJ&sig=vM94PxekSEhIX3a9yFOPpDAOXGo&hl=

    en&ei=mD9RSqSoDqDMjAfJg4mfBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8

    http://books.google.com/books?id=ZMjkTMwO3NkC&dq=green+chemistry&printsec=fr

    ontcover&source=bl&ots=ZdGD63CxOJ&sig=vM94PxekSEhIX3a9yFOPpDAOXGo&hl=

    en&ei=mD9RSqSoDqDMjAfJg4mfBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8

    2009

    zenab [email protected]

    http://www.epa.gov/greenchemistry/http://www.epa.gov/greenchemistry/pubs/educat.htmlhttp://www.epa.gov/greenchemistry/http://www.epa.gov/greenchemistry/pubs/principles.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_chemistryhttp://portal.acs.org/portal/acs/corg/content?_nfpb=true&_pageLabel=PP_TRANSITIONMAIN&node_id=830&use_sec=false&sec_url_var=region1&__uuid=76247a16-94d0-458e-9092-10de1c35f2c6http://portal.acs.org/portal/acs/corg/content?_nfpb=true&_pageLabel=PP_TRANSITIONMAIN&node_id=830&use_sec=false&sec_url_var=region1&__uuid=76247a16-94d0-458e-9092-10de1c35f2c6http://portal.acs.org/portal/acs/corg/content?_nfpb=true&_pageLabel=PP_TRANSITIONMAIN&node_id=830&use_sec=false&sec_url_var=region1&__uuid=76247a16-94d0-458e-9092-10de1c35f2c6http://books.google.com/books?id=ZMjkTMwO3NkC&dq=green+chemistry&printsec=frontcover&source=bl&ots=ZdGD63CxOJ&sig=vM94PxekSEhIX3a9yFOPpDAOXGo&hl=en&ei=mD9RSqSoDqDMjAfJg4mfBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8http://books.google.com/books?id=ZMjkTMwO3NkC&dq=green+chemistry&printsec=frontcover&source=bl&ots=ZdGD63CxOJ&sig=vM94PxekSEhIX3a9yFOPpDAOXGo&hl=en&ei=mD9RSqSoDqDMjAfJg4mfBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8http://books.google.com/books?id=ZMjkTMwO3NkC&dq=green+chemistry&printsec=frontcover&source=bl&ots=ZdGD63CxOJ&sig=vM94PxekSEhIX3a9yFOPpDAOXGo&hl=en&ei=mD9RSqSoDqDMjAfJg4mfBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8http://books.google.com/books?id=ZMjkTMwO3NkC&dq=green+chemistry&printsec=frontcover&source=bl&ots=ZdGD63CxOJ&sig=vM94PxekSEhIX3a9yFOPpDAOXGo&hl=en&ei=mD9RSqSoDqDMjAfJg4mfBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8http://books.google.com/books?id=ZMjkTMwO3NkC&dq=green+chemistry&printsec=frontcover&source=bl&ots=ZdGD63CxOJ&sig=vM94PxekSEhIX3a9yFOPpDAOXGo&hl=en&ei=mD9RSqSoDqDMjAfJg4mfBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8http://books.google.com/books?id=ZMjkTMwO3NkC&dq=green+chemistry&printsec=frontcover&source=bl&ots=ZdGD63CxOJ&sig=vM94PxekSEhIX3a9yFOPpDAOXGo&hl=en&ei=mD9RSqSoDqDMjAfJg4mfBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8http://books.google.com/books?id=ZMjkTMwO3NkC&dq=green+chemistry&printsec=frontcover&source=bl&ots=ZdGD63CxOJ&sig=vM94PxekSEhIX3a9yFOPpDAOXGo&hl=en&ei=mD9RSqSoDqDMjAfJg4mfBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8http://books.google.com/books?id=ZMjkTMwO3NkC&dq=green+chemistry&printsec=frontcover&source=bl&ots=ZdGD63CxOJ&sig=vM94PxekSEhIX3a9yFOPpDAOXGo&hl=en&ei=mD9RSqSoDqDMjAfJg4mfBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8http://books.google.com/books?id=ZMjkTMwO3NkC&dq=green+chemistry&printsec=frontcover&source=bl&ots=ZdGD63CxOJ&sig=vM94PxekSEhIX3a9yFOPpDAOXGo&hl=en&ei=mD9RSqSoDqDMjAfJg4mfBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8http://books.google.com/books?id=ZMjkTMwO3NkC&dq=green+chemistry&printsec=frontcover&source=bl&ots=ZdGD63CxOJ&sig=vM94PxekSEhIX3a9yFOPpDAOXGo&hl=en&ei=mD9RSqSoDqDMjAfJg4mfBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8http://books.google.com/books?id=ZMjkTMwO3NkC&dq=green+chemistry&printsec=frontcover&source=bl&ots=ZdGD63CxOJ&sig=vM94PxekSEhIX3a9yFOPpDAOXGo&hl=en&ei=mD9RSqSoDqDMjAfJg4mfBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8http://books.google.com/books?id=ZMjkTMwO3NkC&dq=green+chemistry&printsec=frontcover&source=bl&ots=ZdGD63CxOJ&sig=vM94PxekSEhIX3a9yFOPpDAOXGo&hl=en&ei=mD9RSqSoDqDMjAfJg4mfBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8http://books.google.com/books?id=ZMjkTMwO3NkC&dq=green+chemistry&printsec=frontcover&source=bl&ots=ZdGD63CxOJ&sig=vM94PxekSEhIX3a9yFOPpDAOXGo&hl=en&ei=mD9RSqSoDqDMjAfJg4mfBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8http://books.google.com/books?id=ZMjkTMwO3NkC&dq=green+chemistry&printsec=frontcover&source=bl&ots=ZdGD63CxOJ&sig=vM94PxekSEhIX3a9yFOPpDAOXGo&hl=en&ei=mD9RSqSoDqDMjAfJg4mfBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8http://books.google.com/books?id=ZMjkTMwO3NkC&dq=green+chemistry&printsec=frontcover&source=bl&ots=ZdGD63CxOJ&sig=vM94PxekSEhIX3a9yFOPpDAOXGo&hl=en&ei=mD9RSqSoDqDMjAfJg4mfBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8http://books.google.com/books?id=ZMjkTMwO3NkC&dq=green+chemistry&printsec=frontcover&source=bl&ots=ZdGD63CxOJ&sig=vM94PxekSEhIX3a9yFOPpDAOXGo&hl=en&ei=mD9RSqSoDqDMjAfJg4mfBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8http://books.google.com/books?id=ZMjkTMwO3NkC&dq=green+chemistry&printsec=frontcover&source=bl&ots=ZdGD63CxOJ&sig=vM94PxekSEhIX3a9yFOPpDAOXGo&hl=en&ei=mD9RSqSoDqDMjAfJg4mfBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8http://books.google.com/books?id=ZMjkTMwO3NkC&dq=green+chemistry&printsec=frontcover&source=bl&ots=ZdGD63CxOJ&sig=vM94PxekSEhIX3a9yFOPpDAOXGo&hl=en&ei=mD9RSqSoDqDMjAfJg4mfBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8http://books.google.com/books?id=ZMjkTMwO3NkC&dq=green+chemistry&printsec=frontcover&source=bl&ots=ZdGD63CxOJ&sig=vM94PxekSEhIX3a9yFOPpDAOXGo&hl=en&ei=mD9RSqSoDqDMjAfJg4mfBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8http://books.google.com/books?id=ZMjkTMwO3NkC&dq=green+chemistry&printsec=frontcover&source=bl&ots=ZdGD63CxOJ&sig=vM94PxekSEhIX3a9yFOPpDAOXGo&hl=en&ei=mD9RSqSoDqDMjAfJg4mfBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8http://books.google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