To Our Valued Customers - Fred GloecknerFred C. Gloeckner Co. HYBRID LILY CATALOG Page 3 ORDERS / CUSTOMER SERVICE: 1-888-655-0907 HYBRID LILY BULB SELECTION COMPLETE WITH OUR COMPARATIVE

Each year brings on a new generation of Hybrid Lily Bulbs and many of these new varieties show marked improvement

over the older varieties and thus the challenge goes on to select those new varieties that will bring added value to

American's Commercial flower growers. It remains our goal to seek out those newest hybrid lily varieties that are

significantly different from what is currently available to present to our customers. These "significant" improvements

might yield a higher bud count from smaller bulbs, stronger plant habit, new colors, more desirable flower form,

or the forcing time might be reduced. Each of these improvements lead to improved profits be they grown for cut

flower production, pot plant sales, or perennial plantings.

Once again this year we have identified and added to our selection some new and exciting varieties that offer the type

of significant improvements noted above. We trust you will adopt a few of our new varieties into your production

schedule, we would be happy to work with you on variety selection and timing.

With all of this talk about new varieties, we still offer a wide selection of the "tried and true" lily varieties, and if after

looking over this year's list you do not find a variety that you are interested in please let us know and we will do our

utmost to determine if that variety is still available in reliable stocks.

In addition to Hybrid Lily Bulbs we offer a complete selection of other flower bulb crops that are ideal candidates

for greenhouse or field production. Just as with our Hybrid Lily Program, we also offer full service on the entire

range of flower bulb programs we offer, complete bulb treatment and preparation in our own state of the art flower

bulb facility. We would be happy to work together with you on variety selection and production planning on any of

these flower bulb crops.

BY PHONE: CREDIT CARDS:

888-655-0907

503-655-0908

BY EMAIL:

[email protected] CHECK OR MONEY ORDER:

Make checks or money orders payable in US dollars,

BY FAX: drawn on a US bank to:

503-655-0979 Fred C. Gloeckner & Co., Inc.

600 Mamaroneck Ave.

BY GLOECKNER FIELD REPRESENTATIVE: Harrison, NY 10528-1621

Order directly with your Gloeckner Representative

listed inside this book. OPEN ACCOUNT:

Terms Net 30 days. Credit Applications are available

BY MAIL: online at www.fredgloeckner.com or by calling

Fred C. Gloeckner Company - Bulb Office 800-345-3787.

12400 SE Highway 212

Clackamas, Oregon 97015 WIRE TRANSFER:

All wire transfers accepted in US dollars. Please

reference invoice number. For information needed

to complete a wire transfer call 800-345-3787.

To Our Valued Customers:

Thank you for your interest in our flower bulb programs.

Sincerely, Ron Beck

ORDERING INFORMATION PAYMENT INFORMATION

mailto:[email protected]

Fred C. Gloeckner Co. HYBRID LILY CATALOG Page 1

ORDERS / CUSTOMER SERVICE: 1-888-655-0907

IMPORTANT INFORMATION / TERMS & CONDITIONS *SPECIAL NOTES: *Due to the unstable exchange rate between the U.S. Dollar and the European Euro prices have not been included in this Hybrid Lily Catalog. For current Pricing information, please contact the Clackamas Bulb Office or your Gloeckner Field Representative listed on the inside back cover of this catalog. VOLUME DISCOUNTS ARE GIVEN FOR LARGE ORDERS. PLEASE INQUIRE FOR MORE DETAILS! *Please plan your bulb purchases to meet our $100.00 MINIMUM ORDER (per ship date) with the exception of our Collections AVAILABILITY:

ASIATIC and LA HYBRIDS will be available PRECOOLED and ready for shipping by late December.

ORIENTAL, OT & AURELIAN HYBRIDS will be available PRECOOLED and ready for shipping by Mid January. Star Gazer will be PRECOOLED and ready for shipping by late December.

Hybrid Lily Bulbs can be forced the entire year beginning in December. Our lilies are always shipped PRECOOLED.

Please see our schedule/forcing guide as well as variety recommendations. PACKING INFORMATION: Full Case Lot Quantities: 10/12 cm = 500 Bulbs Per Case/Per Variety 12/14 cm = 400 Bulbs Per Case/Per Variety 14/16 cm = 300 Bulbs Per Case/Per Variety 16/18 cm = 200 Bulbs Per Case/Per Variety 18/20 cm = 150 Bulbs Per Case/Per Variety Case Dimensions: 16”x 9”x 24” Approximate Weight Per Case: 45 lbs

Above is the “Standard Case Pack” per bulb Size and should be used when ordering. On occasion the case pack for some varieties may vary upon shipment. Pre-Bagged: Many of the varieties listed in this catalog are available as “Pre-Bagged” bulbs and can be ordered in multiples

of 25 bulbs per variety. An additional packing and handling charge of $0.05 per bulb will be added to orders placed with less than case lot quantities.

SHIPPING:

We use all modes of transportation to ship orders to our customers: UPS, AIR FREIGHT, TRUCK, etc. Please provide specific shipping instructions. In the absence of specific instructions we will use our own judgment and ship your order the best way. UPS Ground delivery takes approx. 3 to 5 business days depending upon your location. Freight cost is additional.

F.O.B.: CLACKAMAS, OREGON

COLOR TAGS:

Color Tags/Labels are available upon request at an additional charge. Variety specific Color tags are available for approx 50 of our most popular and reliable Hybrid Lily varieties. Additional Color Tags are available by Division and Color. Please specify the number of Color Tags per Bulb needed when placing your bulb order.

SUBSTITIONS: ● For varieties that are unavailable, we will substitute bulbs of equal or greater value, but always the same color and

cultural habits as specified on your order. If subs are not acceptable please specify when placing your order. Orders should be received prior to November 30th, to ensure best selection of varieties and sizes. We stock inventory and ship Precooled Lilies the entire year.

FROZEN BULBS:

Instructions on How To Handle Frozen Bulbs have been included on page 18 of this catalog.

FLOWER BULBS This list provides a small sample of the bulbs we can provide for you. Please contact us or your field representative for additional information. Prime Ordering Products Dates Amaryllis Brasbonitas Feb. to July Anemones Corms Yodfat April to June Dutch Iris Greenhouse April to June Dutch Iris Outdoor April to June Easter lilies April to Sept. Gladiolus Corms Sept. to Nov. Hyacinths Prepared Feb. to May Hyacinths Regular Feb. to May Liatris Corms April to Aug. Miscellaneous Bulbs Feb. to May Narcissus Bulbs Feb. to May Ornithogalum Dubium Jan. to April Paperwhites Feb. to May Ranunculus Corms April to June Sandersonia Tubers Jan. to Mar. Scilla Peruviana April to Aug. Tulip Bulbs April to June

AMARYLLIS

EASTER LILIES

ORNITHOGALUM

POT CALLAS ANEMONES

AMARYLLIS

CUT CALLAS

CUT TULIP FLAMMING PARROT

RANUNCULUS

ALLIUM

GLADIOLUS

MUSCARI

SANDERSONIA PAPERWHITES OXALIS DAFFODILS

CUT IRIS SKY WINGS HYACINTHS IRIS

EREMURUS TULIPS SCILLA

POT TULIPS CUT TULIPS

Page 2 HYBRID LILY CATALOG Fred C. Gloeckner Co.

ORDERS / CUSTOMER SERVICE 1-888-655-0907

AN OVERVIEW OF OUR PRODUCT LINES... Please find listed below, an outline of the many products available from the Gloeckner Company and your Gloeckner Field Representative. Our strength has always been in providing you, the grower, with quality service and technical support, and we appreciate the opportunity to meet your requirements in the future.

AZALEAS - Florists Quality West Coast material. Keepsake Plants™ (formerly Yoder brand) Dormant, Ready to Force, and Finished Azaleas. BULBS - Oriental, LA and Asiatic Hybrids, 5ºC and 9ºC Cut Tulip Programs, as well as Easter Lily Bulbs, both Dry Sale and Forcing bulbs, Brazilian Amaryllis, Programmed Iris, Caladiums, Cannas, Callas, Gladiolus, Oxalis, "La Belle" Ranunculus, Sandersonia, Freesias, Anemone and other corms and rhizomes for cut flower and pot plant produc-tion. Comprehensive Dutch Bulb forcing programs. Bulb treatments are performed at our Clackamas, Oregon facility using state-of-the-art temperature and humidity controls. COOL GROWING CROPS - Anemones, Cineraria, Cycla-men, Primula, Pansies, and Ranunculus are available in seed, corm, plug and pre-finished stages. CUT FLOWER CROPS - A Gloeckner specialty. Seeds, plugs, cuttings and liners for many popular items. Alstroe-meria from Royal Van Zanten. New items such as Ger-beras, Karma Dahlias®, Limoniums, Delphiniums and Gyp-sophilia from tissue cultured stocks. Color brochures are available on most items along with cultural instructions. FOLIAGE - Quality grown container foliage from Florida, as well as unrooted cuttings and liners for dish garden use. Hanging basket starter plants, such as Zygocactus, Garde-nias, Tradewinds Hibiscus, Bougainvillea, Mandevilla, etc. along with Tissue Culture Fern liners. GERANIUMS - Zonal and Ivy Geranium cuttings, un-rooted, callused and rooted, from leading specialist propa-gators/breeders such as Dummen, Ecke Geraniums, Selecta (rooted only), and Syngenta. Seedling plugs and pre-finished are also available. GREEN LEAF PLANTS (formerly Yoder) – Keepsake Azaleas™, Exacum, Gloxina, Hibiscus, Mandevilla, Perenni-als (rooted and unrooted), Poinsettias, and Roses. We pro-vide complete scheduling and growing guidelines for many of these crops, which are produced by one of the world's foremost companies in breeding and production. GROWER SUPPLIES - A complete Gloeckner Supply catalog is available upon request. We carry a wide range of hard goods to meet the needs of any size growing op-eration including the Fantasy Colors™, Mardenkro's Redu-

PERENNIALS & ROSES - Bare root perennial divisions from U.S. and European sources. Seed and vegetatively produced ver-nalized perennial liners. Bare root roses for the garden trade and miniature rose selections for pot forcing. Potted and bare root ornamental grasses. PLUGS - Annual and Perennial plugs in various sizes from na-tional and regional plug specialists. Special and exclusive plugs such as the Start-Rite program and novelty cut flower plugs. POINSETTIAS – Unrooted, callused and rooted cuttings from leading propagators/breeders such as Dummen, Ecke, Selecta (rooted only) and Syngenta. Current availabilities to meet any spot requirement during the shipping season. POT PLANT CROPS – An extensive offering of young plant ma-terials for the production of the following crops plus many more: Royal Van Zanten Princess Lilies and Celosia Dark Caracas, Car-nations, Dahlias, Exacum, Gerberas, Hiemalis Begonias, Hydran-geas, Kalanchoes, Lisianthus, Violets, MultiBells Gloxinia, and Kangaroo Paws. SEEDS - Our Seed Department carries a wide selection of flower (annual and perennial), vegetable, and foliage seed varieties for your review. Should you have a special request or inquiry, please feel free to call on our Seed Department. Quite often there are new and exciting offerings of the latest varieties which might give you just that slight edge necessary to make your program a great success! SYNGENTA FLOWERS – We offer their entire line including Ge-raniums, New Guinea Impatiens, Poinsettias, and vegetative an-nuals, as well as Yoder Asters and Chrysanthemums. UNROOTED CUTTINGS - Available from U.S., Central American and Israeli sources in most vegetative lines at competitive prices. VEGETATIVE ANNUALS - The most popular vegetative series for mixed containers, hanging baskets, and landscape use propa-gated by Danziger, Dummen, Fides, Flower Fields, Goldfisch, Hort Couture, Kientzler, Proven Winners, Selecta, and Suntory. Ba-copa, Calibrachoa, Coleus, Fuchsias, Herbs, Lantanas, New Guinea Impatiens, Scaevola, SunPatiens, Trailing Petunias, Ver-bena and the entire spectrum of liners for spring, pot and basket production.

Visit our website www.fredgloeckner.com for additional product information.


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HYBRID LILY BULB SELECTION COMPLETE WITH OUR COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

The following tables have been put together with the intention of allowing the grower to review key cultural traits of Hybrid Lily Varieties utilized in cut flower and pot plant production. By comparing variety to variety the grower can evaluate variety performance by size during the year which has been segregated into three planting periods. Variety performance as noted within these tables is offered as a guideline only. Each greenhouse, depending upon location and growing conditions, may experience variations. However, the data is relative, and if your results are plus or minus of what we report here, your overall results will still be valid as you make adjustments to fit your conditions. As an example: We state that Star Gazer 12/14 planted in January will be 90 cm tall, take 115 days to force, and will have 3-4 flowers. If you find that Star Gazer planted in January in your greenhouse takes 110 days and is 85 cm tall, then you can figure other varieties will be faster and a little bit shorter than we report. The calendar year has been divided into three Planting Periods. If a variety has an “X” in the col-umn, this means that the variety is acceptable for planting during that time period. It does not mean that this is the optimum planting period for the variety, it means the variety will perform planted during this time period without cultural problems. As an example: We state that Pollyanna can be planted in all three planting periods. While this is true, Pollyanna is best suited to Planting Period II as it performs exceptionally well under warm conditions and high light intensities. In Planting Periods I & III, while Pollyanna will grow without cultural problems, it takes longer to force than the other varieties in the schedule at this time, and thus ties up bench space when other varie-ties will perform just as well, and better fit the overall forcing plan by being a better “fit” time wise with the balance of the program. Hybrid Lily Bulbs can be forced the entire year. The key to success in any year round program (or seasonal program for that matter) is variety and bulb size selection. Using our Comparative Analysis Tables is a good place to start. However, as the Pollyanna example illustrates, it is important to talk with your GLOECKNER Field Representative to help in fine tuning variety selection.

Schedules and Cultural Information are available upon request.

Oriental Hybrids

legend pg 6 Tiger ediTion pg 5 Snowball pg 6 piCo pg 6 MarMara pg 5

CoCo pg 6 wHiTe proUd pg 6 red eMpire pg 6 JUSTina pg 5 TigerwoodS pg 6

penTHoUSe pg 5 laKe CareY pg 5 CHerboUrg pg 6 CeSar pg 5 MoTHerS CHoiCe pg 6

aCapUlCo pg 5 Siberia pg 6 Sorbonne pg 5 STar FigHTer pg 6 CarUSio pg 5

HoT SpoT pg 6 darK SenSaTion pg 6 pinK pearl pg 5 TiMe oUT pg 6 aMbon pg 6

Page 14 Fred C. Gloeckner. Co.

Ot Hybrids

SalTerello pg 8 MaYwood pg 8 nYMpH pg 8 TraVaTore pg 8 baYwaTCH pg 8

robina pg 8 allYSee pg 8 Yelloween pg 8 pUrple prinCe pg 8 SHoCKing pg 8

reXona pg 8 MonTega baY pg 8 glUHwein pg 8 ConCa d’ or pg 8 TiMeZone pg 8

boogie woogie pg 8 bonbini pg 8 ManiSSa pg 8 albanY pg 8 belladona pg 8

TriMpHaTor pg 8Holland beaUTY pg 8 donaTo pg 8 red CHina pg 8

Fred C. Gloeckner. Co. Page 15

la Hybrids

paVane pg 7 KoUreS pg 7 naSHVille pg 7 SUlpiCe pg 7 arCaHon pg 7

CaValeSe pg 7 CileSTa pg 7 brindiSi pg 7 orange TYCoon pg 7 golden TYCoon pg 7

KenTUCKY pg 7 leCCo pg 7 original loVe pg 7 liToUwen pg 7 roYal preSenT pg 7

MerleT pg 7 MenorCa pg 7 riCHMond pg 7 TropiC diaMond pg 7 SalMon ClaSSiC pg 7

red planeT pg 7 roYal SUnSeT pg 7 paVia pg 7 indian SUMMerSeT pg 7 bonSoir pg 7

Page 16 Fred C. Gloeckner. Co.

asiatiC Hybrids

brUnello pg 4 gironde pg 5 rUSHMore pg 4 graFFiTY pg 5 allegreTTo pg 4

VerMeer pg 4 naVona pg 4 SUMMer breeZe pg 5 arSenal pg 4 blaCK oUT pg 4

pinK HearT pg 10 enTerTainer pg 10 ColdplaY pg 10

aCoUSTiC pg 10 ForTUne pg 10 SpaCe STar pg 10 loVe STorY pg 10

TrUe eMoTionS pg 10 SoUVenir pg 10 MiSTreSS pg 10 SalMon STar pg 10 FaroliTo pg 10

Oriental HybridsPOt Plant Varieties

Fred C. Gloeckner. Co. Page 17


ORDERS / CUSTOMER SERVICE: 1-888-655-0907 HYBRID LILY CATALOG

PROCEDURE FOR HANDLING FROZEN SHIPMENTS OF HYBRID LILY BULBS

During the cold months of Fall and Winter, it is not uncommon for Hybrid Lily Bulbs shipped via unprotected trucks (such as UPS) to arrive at the greenhouse in the same condition that they departed our storage facility… “FROZEN.” Hybrid Lily Bulbs are stored at 28°F - 31°F depending upon cultivar. Shipments that are sent via unprotected service are shipped in a thick cardboard box. All boxes are lined with a ¼” insulating blanket of Astro Foam (winter pack). So, the fact that the bulbs are stored at 28° to 31°F prior to shipping, combined with the insula-tion foam blanket, there is very little chance the bulbs will defrost in transit given the outside tem-peratures of the cold months of Fall and Winter. The missing factor in all of this is: First, how cold did the bulbs get? Second, what was the duration of the cold?

The first and most important thing to do upon receipt of the frozen bulbs is:

THAW THE BULBS SLOWLY WITH THE PLASTIC BAG/LINER OPEN.

Do NOT thaw the bulbs at high temperatures (rapid thawing may cause the cells to rupture and thus rot).

Frozen bulbs should be placed in temperatures of around 45°F for one to two days (or until they are thawed). When the bulbs have thawed, a careful inspection should be made to be sure that the bulbs are still firm. If the bulbs received excessive low temperatures in transit you will find that they will be soft and mushy to the touch. If no damage to the bulbs is visible and the grower wants further confirmation that the bulbs have not been damaged in transit due to freezing temperatures, a few sample bulbs can be cut in half from the nose of the bulb to the basal plate . If the tissue inside the bulb is white , all is OK. If, on the other hand, the interior of the bulb is found to be rotten or the stem is black, the bulbs did receive extremely low temperatures and they should not be planted. If upon inspection (after slow thaw) the bulbs are firm, it is perfectly OK to plant the bulbs. It has been our experience that more damage to Hybrid Lily Bulbs has occurred due to rapid thawing of the bulbs than has been caused by excessive cold temperatures in transit. We must stress that the frozen bulbs should be THAWED SLOWLY WITH THE PLASTIC BAG OPEN.


ORDERS / CUSTOMER SERVICE: 1-888-655-0907 HYBRID LILY MANUAL

GLOECKNER HYBRID LILY MANUAL General Forcing Instructions: Forcing hybrid lilies is not difficult if a few basic cultural requirements are followed. The data provided here has been collected over a number of years from various greenhouse locations throughout the United States. Our forc-ing instructions are intended to provide you with general guidelines for growing hybrid lilies. We suggest that you use our information as a guideline, then with your own experience and data, adjust this information to reflect your particular growing environment. In hybrid lilies, shoot emergence and forcing time are dependent upon several factors: bulb maturity, duration of cold storage, planting date, greenhouse temperatures, and light intensities. With properly vernalized bulbs (minimum 6 weeks at 34°-36° F for Asiatic and LA hybrids, and 8 to 10 weeks for Oriental and OT hybrids at the same temperatures) and optimum forcing conditions, shoot emergence will vary from 2 to 3 weeks after planting in December to 4 days for April and later plantings. Precooling Requirements: Asiatic and LA Hybrids require a minimum of 6 weeks at 34°-36° F. Oriental and OT Hybrids require 8 to 10 weeks at 34°-36° F. Additional cooling at this temperature is not harmful. Once the bulbs are precooled (vernalized), do not leave them at temperatures above 36° F for extended periods of time or sprouting will occur.

Freezing: Asiatic and LA Lily bulbs which will be used for late forcing (usually after January or February and beyond) should be kept at 28° F, while Oriental and OT Lily bulbs should be kept at 31° F. Lily bulbs must be totally vernalized before freezing. The case must have adequate moisture. Freezing temperatures are very drying and the bulbs can dehydrate easily. Allow for free flow of air between and around cases. Do not allow bulbs to defrost and thaw, then refreeze. Defrost: Defrost bulbs slowly at 45°-55° F temperatures for 1-3 days or until the bulbs are thawed. As soon as the bulbs are thawed they should be planted.

Planting requirements: Upon arrival of precooled bulbs, they should be planted immediately in moist media. If it is not possible to plant the bulbs upon arrival, they should be stored at 34°-36° F. Storage at temperatures higher than this after the bulbs are precooled will induce sprouting within the case. When planting frozen bulbs, plant as soon as the bulbs have defrosted and thawed. Do not refreeze bulbs as this may lead to later bud development problems. Hybrid lilies must be planted deep. The top of the bulb must be covered with a minimum of 2“ of media, 3” to 5” is not too deep depending upon growing environment temperatures. The maximum depth is recommended for warm summer months. Minimum soil depth under the bulb should be 1”. Water the bulbs in well when planting to com-pact the soil around the bulb. The bulb itself has enough stored energy to begin shoot growth. Once the shoot starts to grow it will develop a root system from the top of the bulb toward the media surface. The roots growing above the bulb are referred to as stem roots. It is these stem roots which provide the nutrients and moisture required by the growing plant to support it. If adequate stem roots do not develop, the plant will be deprived of sufficient nutrients and moisture. To obtain lilies of best quality, the bulbs should be allowed to grow and develop the sprout slowly and develop a proper stem root system. Thus, sufficient planting depth is of utmost importance, as are proper growing tempera-tures to allow this stem root system to develop, especially in the first 4 to 6 weeks after planting.



Bulb Size: The smaller sized bulbs are recommended for forcing purposes. The majority of forcing varieties have a high bud count on the smaller bulbs. Also by using the smaller sized bulb more bulbs per square foot may be planted when compared to the larger bulbs, thus the smaller sized bulbs will yield a higher profit per square foot. Sizes Available Asiatic Hybrids 10/12 12/14 14/16 16/18 cm. “L A” Hybrids 10/12 12/14 14/16 16/18 18/20 cm. Oriental Hybrids 12/14 14/16 16/18 18/20 cm. “O T” Hybrids 14/16 16/18 18/20 cm. *See table #1 on page 23 for planting densities. Soil and Growing Media: A wide variety of soils and growing media are suitable for growing lilies. The growing medium should be treated with aerated steam to control pests, disease organisms, and weeds, especially if trouble is anticipated. The growing medium must be porous for good aeration and water drainage. A pH of 6.0 to 6.5 is recom-mended, too low of a pH tends to increase leaf scorch susceptibility. Lilies have been forced successfully in several types of growing media. Two successful media are as follows: 1.) 50% sandy loam, 25% sphagnum peat, 25% sharp sand. 2.) 25% sandy loam, 50% peat, 25% pumice. CAUTION: Bark should not be included in the growing media for pot lilies if a plant growth regulator is required for height control. Fertilizer: The bulb is an excellent food reservoir up to stem emergence time, especially if fertilizer is added to soil mix before planting. Due to variations in soils, it is best for growers to use their own judgment, as well as soil samples. A well-balanced liquid fertilizer containing 200 to 350 ppm nitrogen, depending upon the season, should be applied once the sprouts have reached a height above the media of 3” to 4”, followed by subse-quent applications at 200 to 350 ppm depending upon the season. Avoid over fertilizing, especially with high nitrogen levels, which can produce a lush appearance, but soft stems. Avoid fertilizers with superphosphate. Forcing Temperatures: High temperatures are not recommended for Hybrid Lilies. Asiatic and LA lilies prefer 50°-55° F night tem-perature and 65°-70° F day temperatures. A maximum day temperature should be 85° F for Asiatic and LA Hybrids. Oriental and OT Hybrids need a warmer night temperature 60°-65° F. Day temperatures for Orien-tal and OT Hybrids should not exceed 85°F. The forcer can increase or decrease the night temperatures to control the flowering date. The night temperature can be dropped to 50° F if the plants are early and in-creased to 60°-65°F (only after adequate stem roots have developed) if the plants are late and good light is available. Bright sunny conditions will promote rapid development; long overcast periods will retard develop-ment. Use of A-Rest for pot plants will delay flowering 3 to 5 days.



Timing the Crop: How does a grower determine whether or not plants are "on schedule", and what steps can he take to correct error? Generally, for Asiatic Hybrids there will be a period of 30 days from the buds becoming visible until the first flower opens. This time will vary for the LA Hybrids but on average use 30 days. For the Oriental and OT Hybrids figure 45 days from buds becoming visible until the first flower opens. The grower can, therefore, predict the marketing date of the crop based on the above “averages” and determine if the crop is "on schedule" at the time the buds become visible. A general rule of thumb for the Asiatic and LA Hybrids is that it takes approximately 30 days from emergence to “buds visible”, and another 30 days from “buds visible” to marketing date. Also, at “buds visible”, these varieties have completed approximately 55-60% of their total forc-ing time-days to market. Understandably, forcing time will vary due to bulb planting date and each grower’s unique greenhouse environment, temperature, light intensity, etc. As stated, the single most effective factor in altering the speed of development of plants al-ready in active growth is the temperature - lowering or raising it can modify the time to force by 15 days with no detrimental effect upon the plants. Raising it by degrees to speed the plants, or lowering it by degrees to slow the plants is the grower’s best way to alter the “schedule”. * See Table # 2 page 24 for approximate forcing time. Watering: Uniform moisture is important, especially during the first three weeks after planting. Watering must be carried out sparingly at this time, not letting the media dry out, while at the same time not over watering. As the plant grows and the stem roots become more developed water can then be safely increased. Lighting: Lilies require medium light (2500 foot candles). In low light intensity conditions (photoperiod less than 12 to 14 hours), an 8 hour night interruption is beneficial to help prevent bud abortion. Use mum lights from 8:00 pm to 4:00 am. An alternative method is to light the plants for 24 hours per day as soon as the buds are visible, using high pressure sodium vapor lamps. Height Control: The grower can stretch the height of the plants substantially by crowding them in beds or con-tainers and by extra shading during high light conditions (summer). Shorter day length pro-duces taller plants. "Crowding" will help to extend height for cut flowers forced late in the sea-son when days are longer. However, care must be given not to overcrowd or over shade as low light intensities can lead to bud development problems up to and including bud blasting.



Growth Retardant For Pot Culture: A-Rest (ancymidol) has a long history as a PGR on lilies and has proven to be a very reliable growth regulator for height control of hybrid lilies. Satisfactory height control has been obtained with split applications applied as a soil drench using a maximum of .5 mg per pot. The first application is applied upon shoot emergence (when the shoot is 1/2" to 1" tall, if multiples are potted, apply A-Rest when first two shoots to emerge are from 1/2" to 1" tall. It is not necessary to wait for all shoots to emerge before applying A-Rest) at the rate of .25 mg per pot, followed 10 to 14 days later by a second application of .25 mg per pot. Other application rates, which have also been successful are .175 mg per pot applied at shoot emergence, fol-lowed 10 to 14 days later by a second application of .325 mg per pot. Also a single application of .5 mg per pot applied at shoot emergence has been successful. Amounts of A-Rest will vary with climate, season forced, light intensity, and soil moisture. CAUTION: A-Rest is not effective in growing media containing bark. More recently, Sumagic (uniconazole) has been used as a preplant bulb dip with subsequent foliar applications to control the height of Asiatic, LA, and Oriental Hybrids. Please ask your Fred C. Gloeckner representative for the most current information for height control of Hybrid lilies. The newer pot plant varieties, which are genetically dwarf (12" to 18") will not require the use of growth retar-dants. Disorders and Diseases: Bud Blasting and Abscission: Blasting is characterized by a wilting and bleaching of the flower bud, followed by necrosis and possibly bud drop. This may occur at any stage of bud development. Abscission usually occurs when the bud is about 1” long. Generally, there are little or no noticeable symptoms prior to the buds dropping. Both of these conditions are associated with low light intensity, short photoperiods, and low light/high tempera-tures. The use of artificial lights during periods when these conditions exist will help overcome these disorders. Scorch: A period of bright sunlight after prolonged dull weather can cause sunburn, or sun scorch on the leaves of some varieties. Scorch is noticed particularly at the critical buds visible stage, and will produce white necrotic bands across the leaf. This necrotic tissue can develop into secondary conditions such as botrytis if not properly cared for with a fungicide spray when first signs of scorch appear. This disorder is related to low cal-cium content in the young expanding foliage. A procedure that has been successful in reducing leaf scorch is the use of a foliar application of 400 ppm of calcium chloride just before the buds are visible. The foliage should be wet, but not dripping. Repeat spraying every other day for a total of five applications. Avoiding rapid changes in the greenhouse environment (relative humidity, temperature, sun light, etc.) will help reduce the risk of the foliar scorch. Root Rot: Hybrid lilies are susceptible to root rot. For this reason it is suggested that the growing medium be drenched with an approved fungicide to cover the entire fungus spectrum that damage lily bulbs every 4 to 6 weeks. Loss of roots, whether due to root pathogens or poor watering and/or fertilizing practice, will result in lower leaves becoming necrotic, and enhance leaf drop, and overall poor plant performance. Aphids: Aphids are seldom a problem when proper greenhouse hygiene is maintained. Aphids can be con-trolled by a regular spray program for insects. Prevention is much easier than curing. A regular control program and frequent inspection should begin as soon as the lilies emerge.



Harvest Hybrid Lilies: Cut Flowers: Lilies are cut soon after the primary bud is colored and it begins to swell. Stems should be cut before flowers open to ensure easy packing and better quality of the flowers upon arrival at the florist. Cut lilies can be treated with flower preservatives to increase flower life/vase life. A floral pre-servative should be used during storage. It is not recommended that cut flowers be held in cold storage over five days as prolonged storage will decrease the vase life as well as being detrimental to flower qual-ity. Pot Plants: Potted lilies are ready for market at the same stage of development as cut lilies, that is, when the primary bud is colored and it begins to swell. Pots can also be held in cold storage at 38-40 degrees F. Pots held in cold rooms should not be sleeved. FASCINATION: This product can greatly increase the quality and vase/shelf life of Hybrid Lilies when applied correctly. Caution must be used with pot plants as this product will cause the stems to stretch if applied incorrectly. Applied correctly it can not only reduce the loss of lower leafs, but increase the life span of the flower as well. Contact your Fred C. Gloeckner representative for details on the correct pro-cedure for using this product. Table #1 Planting Densities in Bulbs Per Square Foot Planting Date Bulbs sizes in centimeters 10/12 12/14 14/16 16/18 18/20 cm. December 6.5 5.0 4.5 3.5 3.0 January 7.5 6.0 5.0 4.5 4.0 February 8.0 6.5 5.5 5.0 4.5 March 8.5 7.0 6.0 5.5 5.0 April 8.5 7.5 6.5 6.0 5.5 May 8.5 7.5 6.5 6.0 5.5 June-August 8.0 7.0 6.0 5.5 5.0 September - November 7.0 6.0 5.0 4.5 4.0 Planting densities will vary between varieties due to foliage habit and height differences. The above table is a generalization. The smaller bulbs are planted denser than the large bulbs, and densities increase as the light intensities increase. A grower in Southern California will plant greater densities than a grower in the Northeastern United States.



Table # 2 Approximate Forcing Times Planting Asiatic Hybrids Oriental Hybrids Date Forcing Times/Days Forcing Time/Days December - January 85-90 120-140 February - March 70-77 110-120 April - July 65-70 100-110 August - September 60-65 95-105 October - November 65-70 100-110 Some Asiatic Hybrids will force in 60 days for Mother's Day while others will require 80 days. Some Oriental Hybrids will force in 100 days for Mother's Day while others will require 130 days. Forcing times do vary de-pending upon variety and the season forced. The above table is a generalization. The above forcing times are calculated using 55° F night and 70° F day temperatures. GROWER PITFALLS: Many of the common pitfalls which growers run into are easily avoided by following the cultural recommenda-tions and techniques as suggested until they become familiar with growing lilies in their greenhouse environ-ments. Various problems are listed below. SMALL LOTS INTERMINGLED WITH OTHER PLANTS such as pot mums or Easter Lilies. The temperature for these plants is generally much too warm for hybrid lilies. ATTEMPTING TO CROWD TOO MANY POTS/STEMS PER SQUARE FOOT Planting densities will vary de-pending upon light intensities. Example: An Eastern grower would require more spacing than a Southern Cali-fornia grower. NOT ALLOWING ENOUGH TIME TO FORCE and have "too many pots/stems" for the greenhouse space. NOT SELECTING THE PROPER VARIETIES Select only the varieties recommended and select only the fin-est quality bulbs (pay attention to bulb size). NOT ALLOWING SUFFICIENT PRECOOLING Be sure bulbs are totally vernalized before planting. PLANTING BULBS TOO SHALLOW Adequate stem roots cannot develop if bulbs are planted with less than 2" of media over the top of the bulb, thus preventing sufficient nutrients and moisture from getting to the plant. The bulb has enough stored energy to push forth the stem, but if supplemental nutrients are not re-ceived from the root system (stem roots), the plants will not be able to survive. OVERWATERING Bulbs should be watered in well when planted to compact the soil around the bulb. Water sparingly thereafter until the shoot is 4” to 6” tall. After this stage, the roots are generally well developed and over watering is not as severe a problem. OVERFERTILIZATION The bulb itself is an excellent food reservoir and will support the initial plant growth through shoot emergence. Fertilizer is not necessary for this reason until the shoot is 4” to 6” tall. Poor fertilizing can produce pH problems.



GROWER PIT FALLS

1. Not Selecting the Correct Variety (CUTS) 2 NOT SELECTING THE

2. Not Selecting the Correct Variety (POTS)

3. Planting bulbs to shallow (POTS)

4.Planting bulbs to shallow (CUTS)

5. Improper Light Conditions 6. Improper Light / Temperature Bud Abortion

7. Improper Light / Temperature Bud Blast

8. Improper watering "over watering"

9. Improper Fertility Nitrogen Deficiency

GROWERS PITFALLS


ORDERS / CUSTOMER SERVICE: 1-888-655-0907 GROWERS PITFALLS



GROWER PIT FALLS

1. Not Selecting the Correct Variety (CUTS) 2 NOT SELECTING THE

2. Not Selecting the Correct Variety (POTS)

3. Planting bulbs to shallow (POTS)

4.Planting bulbs to shallow (CUTS)

5. Improper Light Conditions 6. Improper Light / Temperature Bud Abortion

7. Improper Light / Temperature Bud Blast

8. Improper watering "over watering"

9. Improper Fertility Nitrogen Deficiency

GROWER PITFALLS


ORDERS / CUSTOMER SERVICE: 1-888-655-0907 GROWER PITFALLS

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Varieties listed with the symbols PP# (Plant Patent Number), USPP or PAP (U.S. Patent Pending), PVPA (Plant Variety Protection Act Certificate is-sued), PVPAP (Plant Variety Protection Act Pending), BR (Breeder’s Rights certificate issued) or BRP (Breeder’s Rights Protection Pending) are pro-tected by U.S. or foreign plant patents or plant variety protection laws. These varieties may not be reproduced without authorization. The breeder (or authorized representative) has the right to inspect customers’ nurseries during normal business hours to assess compliance with the restrictions on use of protected varieties.

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CLACKAMAS BULB FACILITY

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To Our Valued Customers - Fred GloecknerFred C. Gloeckner Co. HYBRID LILY CATALOG Page 3 ORDERS / CUSTOMER SERVICE: 1-888-655-0907 HYBRID LILY BULB SELECTION COMPLETE WITH OUR COMPARATIVE