TITLE DATE PRESENTER S Strategic Call to Action Alignment ... · The Howard County Public School System (HCPSS) emphasizes high-quality learning experiences for all students, with

BOARD OF EDUCATION OF HOWARD COUNTY

MEETING AGENDA ITEM

TITLE: Advanced Placement (AP) Program Trends: All Students and Graduates DATE: January 24, 2019

PRESENTER(S): Ebony Langford-Brown, Eva Yiu

Strategic Call to Action Alignment: Achieve: An individualized focus supports every person in reaching

milestones for success. All students have equitable opportunities to prepare for future careers and life.

OVERVIEW:

The Howard County Public School System (HCPSS) Advanced Placement (AP) program offers rigorous

college-level content to high school students. Students who take AP courses in high school are more likely

to graduate from college within four years than similar students who did not take AP courses. In addition,

those who earn AP exam scores of three or higher may be awarded college course credit. A review of the

top ten colleges to which HCPSS graduates in the classes of 2016, 2017, and 2018 applied and were

accepted, affirm that all ten schools award college credit for AP exam scores of three or higher1.

HCPSS students continue to perform at high levels on AP exams. Between 2016 and 2018, both the number

of students taking AP courses and the number of exams taken increased, while the percent of exams scoring

at college-ready performance levels was maintained. Specifically, the percent of students in Grades 9-12

taking an AP exam increased by 1.7 percentage points from 28.4 to 30.1 percent from 2016 to 2018. The

number of AP exams increased from 10,541 to 11,331 exams from 2016 to 2018. Even with increased

AP exam participation rates, the proportion of students receiving a score of 3 or higher on an AP exam

increased from 79.6 to 81.6 percent from 2016 to 2018.

73.7 percent of the Class of 2018 took at least one AP course and 57.9 percent took at least one AP exam

during their high school career. Access to AP coursework has improved among student groups between

2016 and 2018 in terms of the percent of graduates who have taken at least one AP course in high school.

While AP exam participation gaps have narrowed across groups, performance gaps persist among certain

student groups, especially in the percent of graduates who earned at least one passing AP exam score.

HCPSS students outpace state and national performance on AP exams. In 2018, 82 percent of the AP exams

taken by HCPSS students scored a 3 or higher, compared to 65 percent of the exams taken by public school

students in the state of Maryland and 57 percent nation-wide.

RECOMMENDATION/FUTURE DIRECTION:

Learning and Leading with Equity demands that all students are provided a quality education. HPCSS must

continue to monitor and analyze the gaps in AP participation and performance by race/ethnicity student

groups, as well as by students who receive Free and Reduced Meals (FARMS) and special education

services. Such analysis will assist our staff in identifying root causes and implementing appropriate high-

leverage strategies that will impact both teaching and learning.

SUBMITTED

BY: APPROVAL/

CONCURRENCE:

Ebony Langford-Brown, Executive Director,

Curriculum, Instruction and Assessment Michael J. Martirano, Ed.D.

Superintendent

Ho Lam (Eva) Yiu, PhD Coordinator, Research and Program Evaluation

Karalee Turner-Little

Deputy Superintendent

Seong Jang Specialist, Research and Program Evaluation

William J. Barnes

Chief Academic Officer

1 See Table C1 in the appendix for the list of the top ten colleges. Page 12 includes a list of tables in the appendix.

INFORMATION

2

Advanced Placement (AP) Program Participation and Performance Trends of the

Howard County Public School System: 2016–2018

The Howard County Public School System (HCPSS) emphasizes high-quality learning

experiences for all students, with equitable supports to ensure that every student achieves.

Research from the ACT2 indicates that course rigor in high school is the most powerful predictor

of postsecondary success. The Advanced Placement (AP) program includes a variety of rigorous,

college-level courses to our high school students. HCPSS offers 363 AP courses in the areas of art,

computer science, English, mathematics, music, science, social studies, and world language. The

corresponding exams, developed by the College Board, rate a student’s content mastery on a scale

of 1 to 5. Research indicates that students who take and pass AP exams are more likely than their

peers to complete a bachelor’s degree in four years or less4,5. A similar pattern was found in

HCPSS: graduates who took at least one AP course in high school are more likely to enroll in

college, persist, and complete college than their peers who did not.

This report first presents three-year trends in AP exam participation and performance for all

students in HCPSS high schools. Then, AP program participation and performance trends,

including AP coursework, for the most recent three graduating classes are presented. This report

concludes with an overview of the instructional strategies that HCPSS leverages to narrow

opportunity and performance gaps, and increase overall success in the AP program.

AP Exam Participation Trends: All Students

The percent of HCPSS students in Grades 9 through 12 who took an AP exam increased from 28.4

percent in 2016 to 30.1 percent in 2018. Most student groups have increased in students sitting for

an AP exam. Specifically, proportionately more students in each student group took at least one

AP exam in 2018 compared to 2016 except Hispanic/Latino (Latino) students and those who

received Free and Reduced-priced Meals Services (FARMS). While 2018 overall AP exam

participation has increased since 2016, gaps by student group remain and have widened.

Figure 1 illustrates AP exam participation by race/ethnicity6. Highlights from the data include:

Increases in AP exam participation rates ranged from 1.6 percentage points for

Black/African American (Black) students to 3.1 percentage points for Asian students and

3.6 percentage points for Two or More Races students.

From 2016 to 2018, the participation gap between the highest participating (Asian) and the

lowest participating (Black) student groups widened from 33.5% to 35.0%.

Participation gaps are more pronounced when Grade 9 students are excluded from the

results (not pictured).

2 ACT. (2004). ACT national data release. Iowa City, IA: ACT, Inc. 3 HCPSS offers 36 of 38 AP courses; AP Research and AP Seminar are the two courses not offered because they are

offered through the HCPSS Gifted and Talented program. 4 Hargrove, L., Godin, D., & Dodd, B. (2008). College outcomes comparisons by AP and non-AP high school

experiences. New York: The College Board. 5 Mattern, K. D., Marini, J. P., & Shaw, E. J. (2013). Are AP students more likely to graduate from college on time?

New York: The College Board. 6 Table A1 in the appendix displays the number and percent of AP exam test takers by student group in HCPSS.

Note that percentages for smaller groups are more likely to fluctuate with small changes in either the numerator or

denominator.

3

Figure 1. 2016-2018 Grades 9-12 AP exam participation rates by racial/ethnic group.

Figure 2 illustrates AP exam participation rates by FARMS status.

AP exam participation rate decreased by 0.4 percentage points for students who received

FARMS, compared to a 2.2 percentage-point increase for their non-FARMS peers.

A 24.3 percentage-point participation gap in 2018 was observed between students who

received FARMS and their peers who did not receive FARMS, which widened by 2.6

percentage points since 2016.

Less than 5 percent of students who received special education services, as well as students

who received English Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL) services took an AP exam;

data for these student groups are not reported to protect student privacy.

Figure 2. 2016-2018 Grades 9-12 AP exam participation rates by FARMS status.

45.8

47.7 Asian 48.9

12.313.8

Black 13.917.2

17.4Latino 14.1

32.5

34.6

White 34.3

26.0 29.4 Two+ 29.628.430.3

All 30.1

0

25

50

2016 2017 2018

Per

cent

To

ok a

n A

P E

xam

11.0 11.9 FARMS 10.6

32.735.0

Non-FARMS

34.9

28.430.3 All 30.1

0

25

50

2016 2017 2018

Per

cent

To

ok a

n A

P E

xam

4

AP Exam Performance Trends: All Students

HCPSS students outpace state and national performance on AP exams. In 2018, 82 percent of the

AP exams taken by HCPSS students scored a 3 or higher, compared to 65 percent of the exams

taken by public school students in the state of Maryland and 57 percent nation-wide.

HCPSS students continue to participate and perform at high levels on AP exams between 2016

and 2018. The number of AP exams taken by students increased from 10,541 in 2016 to 11,331 in

2018. Despite the increased volume, the percentage of exams with a score of 3 or higher remained

fairly stable—at about 80 percent in 2016 and 2017 to about 82 percent in 2018. Figure 3 displays

the total number of AP exams taken and the percentage of exams with a score of 3 or higher from

2016 through 20187.

Figure 3. Total AP exams taken and the percent of exams with a score of 3 or higher.

On the next page, Figure 4 displays the percent of AP exams with a score 3 or higher by

race/ethnicity and by FARMS status8. Highlights from the data include:

The percentage of AP exams that received a score of 3 or higher increased from 2016 to

2018 for all racial groups except Latino students and Two or More Races students.

For Latino students, the percentage of exams with a score of 3 or higher decreased by 1.3

percentage points; for Two or More Races students, the decrease was 2.0 percentage points

from 2016 to 2018.

The percentage of AP exams that received a score of 3 or higher in 2018 decreased by 4.9

percentage points for students who received FARMS and increased by 2.3 percentage

points for their peers who did not receive FARMS since 2016. This reflects an increase in

performance gap by FARMS status by 7.2 percentage points.

7 Table A2 in the appendix displays the distribution of AP exams by score earned, as well as the total number of test

takers and the total number of students enrolled in grades 9 through 12 from SY2016-2018. Table A3 provides the

number of AP test takers, number of AP exams taken, distribution of exams with a score of 1 through 5, and

percentage of AP exams with a score of 3 or higher in HCPSS and by high school for 2018. 8 Table A4 in the appendix displays the number and percent of AP exams taken and the proportion of AP exams

with a score of 3 or higher by student group. Table A5 presents three-year trend data for the number of AP exam

takers by male and female race/ethnicity and Table A6 presents the number of AP exams taken and the number and

percent of AP exams with a score of 3 or higher for HCPSS students by male and female race/ethnicity.

10,54111,343 11,331

80%

8,389

80%

9,045

82%

9,242

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

2016 2017 2018

Num

ber

of

AP

Exam

s

Total Exams n Scored 3+

5

Figure 4. Percent of AP exams scoring 3 or higher by race/ethnicity. n is the number of exams with a passing score.

Results with fewer than 10 test takers or less than or equal to 5% are suppressed to protect student privacy.

Top AP Exams Taken and Corresponding AP Course Enrollment

Table 1 presents the 20 AP exams taken most frequently by HCPSS students in 2018, and the

number of students who enrolled in the corresponding AP course9. The top five exams taken were

U.S. Government & Politics, English Language & Composition, Calculus AB, Psychology, and

World History. For these top five most common exams, 69% or more of the students who took the

AP course also elected to take the corresponding AP exam.

Table 1

Top 20 HCPSS AP Exams Administered, Number of Exams Taken, Percent Earning a 3 or Higher, and the

Number and Percent of Students Enrolled in the Corresponding AP Course, 2018

AP Exam N

Exams

taken

n Exams

3 or

higher

% Exams

3 or

higher

N took

corresponding

AP course

n took the

course and

the exam

% took the

course and

the exam

Government & Politics: US 1,254 1,008 80.4 1,402 1,247 88.9

English Language & Composition 1,161 990 85.3 1,298 1,127 86.8

Calculus AB 1,055 908 86.1 1,230 1,049 85.3

Psychology 1,013 826 81.5 1,449 1,006 69.4

World History 760 654 86.1 1,027 760 74.0

English Literature & Composition 695 467 67.2 1,277 695 54.4

Computer Science Principles 615 531 86.3 1,146 615 53.7

Calculus BC 578 542 93.8 644 573 89.0

Statistics 530 430 81.1 800 527 65.9

Biology 496 436 87.9 649 491 75.7

Physics C – Mechanics 446 326 73.1 590 437 74.1

Economics: Macroeconomics 335 279 83.3 364 330 90.7

Chemistry 280 236 84.3 349 277 79.4

Physics 1 273 90 33.0 728 272 37.4

Spanish Language 263 236 89.7 428 261 61.0

Computer Science A 255 204 80.0 348 237 68.1

Economics: Microeconomics 240 195 81.3 373 232 62.2

Environmental Science 218 167 76.6 356 210 59.0

Human Geography 165 131 79.4 352 161 45.7

Physics C - Electr & Magnetism 132 112 84.8 159 126 79.2

9 Table A7 presents the three-year trend in the number and percentage of AP exams with passing scores by subject.

Table B1 provides the number of AP test takers, exams taken, and percent of exams earning a 3 or higher by

race/ethnicity at each high school. Table B2 provides AP exam score distributions by race/ethnicity at each high

school. Table B3 displays AP course enrollment and AP exam performance by school.

n=

83

89

, 7

9.6

%

n=

29

32

, 8

1.1

%

n=

55

0, 6

4.0

%

n=

38

9, 7

6.9

%

n=

40

45

, 8

1.0

%

n=

46

6, 8

3.7

%

n=

45

9, 6

5.6

%

n=

79

30

, 8

0.6

%

n=

16

, 7

6.2

%

n=

83

73

, 7

9.6

%

n=

90

45

, 7

9.7

%

n=

33

28

, 8

2.0

%

n=

59

4, 6

1.8

%

n=

37

9, 7

3.9

%

n=

41

97

, 8

1.9

%

n=

53

7, 8

0.5

%

n=

48

8, 6

3.4

%

n=

85

57

, 8

0.9

%

n=

18

, 6

4.3

%

n=

90

27

, 7

9.8

%

n=

92

42

, 8

1.6

%

n=

35

18

, 8

3.4

%

n=

66

7, 6

5.6

%

n=

36

9, 7

5.6

%

n=

41

06

, 8

3.8

%

n=

57

3, 8

1.7

%

n=

42

2, 6

0.7

%

n=

88

20

, 8

2.9

%

n=

14

, 6

6.7

%

n=

92

28

, 8

1.6

%

0

25

50

75

100P

erce

nt

AP

exam

s 3

or

hig

her 2016 2017 2018

6

AP Course Participation Trends: HCPSS Graduates

The percent of HCPSS graduates enrolled in at least one AP course increased by 2.4 percentage

points from 71.3 percent (2,808 of 3,940) in 2016 to 73.7 percent (2,868 of 3,894) in 201810.

On the next page, Figure 5 presents the percent of graduates who had taken at least one AP course

in high school by race/ethnicity.

The percent of graduates who enrolled in at least one AP course during their high school

experience increased or maintained relatively stable for all racial/ethnic groups from 2016

to 2018.

AP course participation during high school increased by 4.2 and 3.3 percentage points for

White and Two or More Races graduates, respectively.

For Asian and Black graduates, AP course participation in high school remained relatively

stable.

Compared to the Class of 2016, 2018 Latino graduates increased in AP course

participation; however, it was a decrease compared to the Class of 2017.

AP course participation gaps in 2018 range from 15.6 percentage points between White

and Latino graduates to 38.2 percentage points between Asian and Black graduates.

Figure 5. Percent of graduates who had taken at least one AP course in high school by race/ethnicity.

Figure 6 on the next page presents the percent of graduates who had taken at least one AP course

by FARMS and special education status.


experience decreased by 3.4 percentage points for graduates who received FARMS,

compared to a 3.7 percentage point increase for those who did not receive FARMS.

AP course participation gap by FARMS status was 32.3 percentage points in 2018, which

widened by 7.1 percentage point since 2016.

10 Table A8 in the appendix includes the counts for AP course participation from 2016-2018.

88.5 Asian 88.8

50.5 Black 50.6

63.6 Latino 64.2

75.6White 79.8

73.8Two+ 77.1

71.3 All 73.7

10

25

40

55

70

85

100

2016 2017 2018

Per

cent

Gra

duat

es W

ho

To

ok a

n

AP

Co

urs

e

7


experience increased by 3.6 percentage points for graduates who received special education

services, compared to 2.4 percentage points for their peers in general education.

AP course participation gap by special education status narrowed by 1.2 percentage points

from 2016 to 2018.

A 45.4 percentage-point gap in AP course participation by EL status is observed in 2018.

Note that data are not reported by EL status in 2016 and 2017 to protect student privacy

because fewer than ten 2016 and 2017 EL graduates participated in an AP course.

Figure 6. Percent of graduates who had taken at least one AP course in high school by special services. Data are not

reported by EL status in 2016 and 2017 to protect student privacy; fewer than 10 EL graduates took in an AP course.

AP Exam Participation Trends: HCPSS Graduates

Overall, the percent of graduates who took at least one AP exam increased by 1.8 percentage points

from 56.1 percent (2,212 of 3,940) in 2016 to 57.9 percent (2,253 of 3,894) in 2018. Still,

participation gaps exist among student groups. Figure 7 reflects the percent of graduates who took

at least one AP exam by race/ethnicity11.

The percent of graduates who took at least one AP exam increased for Black, White, and

Two or more Races graduates, but decreased for Asian and Latino graduates from 2016 to

2018.

The decreases was 0.9 percentage points for Asian graduates and 1.2 percentage points for

Latino graduates.

The increases ranged from 1.3 percentage points for Black graduates to 9.9 percentage

points for Two or More Races graduates.

The AP exam participation gap for the Class of 2018 between White and Latino graduates

was 21.1 percentage points, which increased by 3.2 percentage points since 2016.

The AP exam participation gap for the Class of 2018 between Asian and Black graduates

narrowed by 2.2 percentage points from 47.8 percentage points in 2016 to 45.6 percentage

points in 2018.

11 Table A9 in the appendix displays the counts and percentages of graduates who took at least one AP exam, overall

and by student group.

50.2 50.4FARMS

46.8

75.4 77.5

Non-FARMS

79.1

71.3 72.9 All

73.7

0

25

50

75

100

2016 2017 2018

Per

cent

Gra

ds

To

ok A

P C

ours

e

14.110.6

SpEd

17.7

74.3 76.0Gen Ed

76.7

71.3 72.9 All

73.7

0

25

50

75

100

2016 2017 2018

71.3 72.9 All

73.7

EL

28.6

Non-EL

74.4

0

25

50

75

100

2016 2017 2018

8

Figure 7. 2016-2018 Percent of graduates who took at least one AP exam in high school by race/ethnicity.

Figure 8 displays AP exam participation by special service group.

The percent of 2018 graduates who received FARMS and took at least one AP exam was

within one percentage point compared to the Class of 2016, but it decreased by 2.3

percentage points from 32.9 to 30.6 percent from 2017 to 2018.

For graduates who did not receive FARMS, AP exam participation increased by 2.4

percentage points from 61.0 percent in 2016 to 63.4 percent in 2018.

A 32.8 percentage-point gap in AP exam participation by FARMS status is observed in

2018, which widened by 2.8 percentage points since 2016.

A 55.3 percentage-point gap in AP exam participation by special education status is

observed in 2018, which widened by 4.7 percentage points since 2016.

A 36.2 percentage-point gap in AP exam participation by EL status is observed in 2018.

Less than ten of 2016 and 2017 graduates who received EL services took an AP exam. Data

are not reported by EL status in 2016 and 2017 to protect student privacy.

Figure 8. 2016-2018 Percent of graduates who took at least one AP exam by special service status. Results with

fewer than 10 test takers or at less than or equal to five percent are suppressed to protect student privacy.

78.1

79.8

Asian 77.2

30.3

31.2

Black 31.6

44.849.4 Latino 43.6

62.7

63.0 White 64.7

50.7

Two+ 60.656.1

57.5All 57.9

0

25

50

75

100

2016 2017 2018

Per

cent

Gra

duat

es W

ho

To

ok a

n

AP

Exam

31.0 32.9 FARMS

30.6

61.0 62.5

Non-FARMS

63.4

56.1 57.5 All

57.9

0

25

50

75

100

2016 2017 2018

Per

cent

Gra

ds

To

ok a

n A

P E

xam

58.7 60.0

Gen Ed

60.7

8.1 6.7SpEd

5.4

56.1 57.5 All

57.9

0

25

50

75

100

2016 2017 2018

56.1 57.5 All

57.9EL

22.2

Non-EL

58.4

0

25

50

75

100

2016 2017 2018

9

AP Exam Performance Trends: HCPSS Graduates

With increased AP exam participation rates, the percent of all graduates who scored a 3 or higher

on at least one AP exam also increased, from 47.1 percent (1,856 of 3,940) in 2016 to 49.3 percent

(1,920 of 3,894) in 2018. For just the subpopulation of graduates who took at least one AP exam,

almost 86 percent of test takers scored a 3 or higher on at least one AP exam.

Figure 9 displays the percent of graduates who have ever earned a score of a 3 or higher on an AP

by race/ethnicity12. Highlights from the data include:

The percent of all graduates who scored a 3 or higher on at least one AP exam increased or

remained within a percentage point since 2016 for all racial/ethnic groups except White

and Two or More Races students.

For Latino graduates, 37.3 percent of 2018 graduates had a passing AP exam score, which

was about the same as the Class of 2016; however, it decreased by 6.0 percentage points

when compared to their peers in the Class of 2017.

For the other racial/ethnic groups, increases ranged from 0.2 percentage points for Black

graduates to 8.8 percent percentage points for graduates of Two or More Races.

AP exam performance gaps by race/ethnicity persist and have widened since 2016.

o In 2018 a 47.8 percentage-point performance gap is observed between Black and

Asian graduates, which widened by 0.8 percentage points since 2016.

o In 2018 the performance gap was 35.3 percentage points between Black and White

graduates, which widened by 2.8 percentage points since 2016.

o In 2018 a 31.7 percentage-point performance gap is observed between Latino and

Asian graduates, which widened by 1.7 percentage points since 2016.

o In 2018 the performance gap was 19.2 percentage points between Latino and White

graduates, which widened by 3.7 percentage points since 2016.

Figure 9. 2016-2018 Percent of graduates who scored 3+ on at least one AP exam by race/ethnicity. The n values

indicate the number of graduates with a score of 3 or higher on at least one AP exam.

12 Table A9 in the appendix also displays the counts and percentages of graduates who scored a 3 or higher at least

one AP exam, overall and by student group.

n=

18

56

, 4

7.1

%

n=

44

4, 6

8.0

%

n=

17

5, 2

1.0

%

n=

12

3, 3

8.0

%

n=

10

14

, 5

3.5

%

n=

95

, 4

3.0

%

n=

18

26

, 4

8.7

%

n=

48

5, 6

9.1

%

n=

18

2, 2

1.9

%

n=

13

5, 4

3.3

%

n=

92

1.,

54

.8%

n=

10

0, 4

6.9

%

n=

19

20

, 4

9.3

%

n=

53

5, 6

9.0

%

n=

18

0, 2

1.2

%

n=

12

5, 3

7.3

%

n=

96

4.,

56

.5%

n=

11

3, 5

1.8

%

0

25

50

75

100

All Asian Black/AA Hisp/Lat White Two+

Per

cent

Gra

duat

es S

core

d 3

+ o

n a

n

AP

Exam

2016 2017 2018

10

Figure 10 presents the percent of graduates who earned a score of a 3 or higher on an AP exam

during their high school experience by special service groups. Highlights from the data include:

With proportionately fewer graduates who received FARMS taking at least one AP exam

in 2018 compared to 2016, the percent of graduates who received FARMS and scored a 3

or higher on at least one AP exam also decreased—by 0.2 percentage points from 21.7

percent in 2016 to 21.5 percent in 2018.

For graduates who did not receive FARMS, the percentage who scored a 3 or higher on at

least one AP exam increased by 3.0 percentages points from 52.0 percent in 2016 to 55.0

percent in 2018.

In 2018 a 33.5 percentage-point performance gap in the percent who had at least one

passing AP exam score is observed between graduates who received FARMS and their

peers who did not receive FARMS, which widened by 3.2 percentage points.

Trends for graduates by special education status and by EL status are not presented to

protect student privacy.

Figure 10. 2016-2018 Percent of graduates who scored 3+ on at least one AP exam by special service status. Results

with fewer than 10 test takers or at less than or equal to five percent are suppressed to protect student privacy. The n

values indicate the number of graduates with a score of 3 or higher on at least one AP exam.

Conclusion and Future Directions

Along with the successful completion of a well-rounded curriculum and extracurricular

experiences, course rigor in high school is a significant predictor of postsecondary success,

including college enrollment, persistence, and completion. HCPSS’s commitment to prepare

students for postsecondary success is reflected in the increasing trends in students’ AP program

participation and performance. With more exams taken, the proportion of exams receiving a score

of 3 has remained near 80 percent over this three-year period.

The number of HCPSS graduates who have participated in the AP program each year has steadily

increased each year. Access to AP coursework has improved somewhat over time but participation

gaps among certain student groups persist. Along with improved access to AP courses across

student groups, the percent of graduates who earned at least one passing AP exam score increased

or remained within one percentage point from 2016 to 2018.

n=

18

56

, 4

7.1

%

n=

13

9, 2

1.7

%

n=

17

16

, 5

2.0

%

n=

13

, 6

.6%

n=

18

43

, 4

9.3

%

n=

-,

n=

18

26

, 4

8.7

%

n=

14

9, 2

3.5

%

n=

16

77

, 5

3.9

%

n=

8,

.0%

n=

-, .

0%

n=

19

20

, 4

9.3

%

n=

14

2, 2

1.5

%

n=

17

78

, 5

5.0

%

n=

7,

.0%

n=

13

, 2

0.6

%

n=

19

07

, 4

9.8

%

0

25

50

75

100

All FARMS Non-

FARMS

SpEd GenEd EL Non-EL

Per

cent

Gra

duat

es S

core

d 3

+ o

n a

n

AP

Exam

2016 2017 2018

11

With an invigorated focus on ensuring equity for all students, HCPSS’s AP Program continues to

seek ways to address participation and performance gaps. The persistent gaps in AP participation

and performance by race/ethnicity as well as by FARMS and special education statuses require

improved strategies that support both teachers and students. HCPSS will continue to implement

strategies that support students in being prepared for college or a career. For example, in SY2017

HCPSS began administration of the PSAT to all Grade 9 students. Information gleaned from PSAT

has supported teachers and counselors in talent-spotting students who might benefit from

opportunities to be appropriately challenged in AP coursework. This information is especially

useful for this group of students who have newly transitioned to high school so that course

decisions are more consistently based on academic performance in addition to individual student

needs. One direct result of the use of PSAT performance in informing AP course recommendations

is observed in the increased participation in AP U.S. Government & Politics. High-leverage

strategies include:

Introducing PSAT in Grade 9 to identify mismatch in student potential and course

placement;

supporting principals in leveraging the master schedule to increase opportunities for

students to select AP courses;

supporting School Improvement Teams in analyzing individual students’ quarterly grades

to ensure that AP course instruction align to AP curricular standards;

providing guidance to high school administrators to use students’ quarterly grades and

other performance data to gauge students’ readiness to be successful on AP exams;

leveraging the AP Potential tool based on PSAT performance to identify students with the

knowledge and skills to succeed in specific AP courses by offering the PSAT to all

students in Grades 9 through 11;

providing funding to support staff professional development for implementing the AP

program and intentionally “talent-spotting” students who have demonstrated potential or

high interest in participating in the AP program;

ensuring that rigor in AP course instruction is uniform across schools;

conducting vertical articulation throughout the system to increase the opportunity for

students to be prepared to participate in the AP program in high school;

supporting students in attaining an AP exam score of 3 or higher as it is a strong predictor

of a student’s ability to succeed in college and earn a degree; and

coordinating the distribution of exam fee waivers to families in financial need.

12

List of Appendix Tables

Table A1 Number and Percent of AP Exam Test Takers for Students in the HCPSS by Student

Group, 2016 – 2018 ...................................................................................................... 13

Table A2 HCPSS AP Exam Score Distribution, 2016 – 2018 ..................................................... 14

Table A3 Number of AP Exam Test Takers, AP Exams Taken, AP Exams Receiving a Score of

1 through 5, and Percentage of AP Exams with a Score of 3 or Higher by HCPSS

High School, 2018 ........................................................................................................ 15

Table A4 Number and Percent of AP Exams Taken, AP Exams with a Score of 3 or Higher, and

Percentage of AP Exams with a Score of 3 or Higher for Students in the HCPSS by

Student Group, 2016 – 2018 ......................................................................................... 16

Table A5 Number and Percent of AP Exam Test Takers in HCPSS by Race/Ethnicity and

Gender, 2016 – 2018 ................................................................................................... 17

Table A6 Number and Percent of AP Exams Taken, AP Exams with a Score of 3 or Higher, and

Percentage of AP Exams with a Score of 3 or Higher for Students in HCPSS by

Race/Ethnicity and Gender, 2016 – 2018 .................................................................... 18

Table A7 Number and Percent of AP Exams with a Score of 3 or Higher in the HCPSS by AP

Exams, 2016 – 2018 ..................................................................................................... 19

Table A8 AP Course Participation of HCPSS Graduates, 2016 – 2018 ....................................... 20

Table A9 AP Exam Performance of HCPSS Graduates, 2016, 2017, 2018 ................................. 21

Table B1 Number of AP Exam Test Takers, AP Exams Taken, and Percentage of AP Exams

with a Score of 3 or Higher by HCPSS High School, Gender, Race/Ethnicity, and

FARMS, 2016 - 2018 ................................................................................................... 22

Table B2 Number of AP Exam Test Takers, AP Exams Taken, AP Exams Receiving a Score of 1

through 5, and Percentage of AP Exams with a Score of 3 or Higher by

Race/Ethnicity for Each High School, 2018 ................................................................ 26

Table B3 SY2018 AP Course Enrollment and Subsequent AP Exam Taking, and AP Exam

Performance .................................................................................................................. 28

Table C1 Top Ten Colleges of 2016, 2017, and 2018 HCPSS Graduates.................................... 40

13

Table A1

Number and Percent of AP Exam Test Takers for Students in the HCPSS by Student Group, 2016 – 2018

Student Group N Students n AP Test Takers % AP Test Takers

2016 2017 2018 2016 2017 2018 2016 2017 2018

All Students 16,475 16,679 16,883 4,682 5,055 5,077 28.4 30.3 30.1

Male 8,420 8,526 8,573 2,101 2,308 2,237 25.0 27.1 26.1

Female 8,055 8,153 8,310 2,581 2,747 2,840 32.0 33.7 34.2

Asian 2,971 3,228 3,388 1,360 1,540 1,656 45.8 47.7 48.9

Black/African American 3,738 3,842 3,937 458 531 549 12.3 13.8 13.9

Hispanic/Latino 1,545 1,653 1,746 266 287 246 17.2 17.4 14.1

White 7,211 6,939 6,721 2,342 2,400 2,308 32.5 34.6 34.3

Two or More Races 966 976 1,051 251 287 311 26.0 29.4 29.6

FARMS 3,242 3,362 3,366 357 400 358 11.0 11.9 10.6

Non-FARMS 13,233 13,317 13,517 4,325 4,655 4,719 32.7 35.0 34.9

Special Education 1,229 1,278 1,111 * * * ≤5.0 ≤5.0 ≤5.0

English Learner 441 524 600 * * * ≤5.0 ≤5.0 ≤5.0 Note. Total enrollment includes diploma-bound students only. Results for HCPSS American Indian/Alaskan Native and Native Hawaiian/Pacific

Islander students are included with “All Students,” but are not reported separately. AP exam results are based on data from the College Board as of

July 2017. Due to small numbers of students who received special education or ESOL services who took an AP exam, results for these groups will

not be presented in the rest of this report.

14

Table A2

HCPSS AP Exam Score Distribution, 2016 – 2018

2016 2017 2018

AP Exam Score n Exams % n Exams % n Exams %

5 2,775 26.3 2,884 25.4 3,064 27.0

4 2,855 27.1 3,096 27.3 3,191 28.2

3 2,759 26.2 3,065 27.0 2,987 26.4

2 1,552 14.7 1,721 15.2 1,610 14.2

1 600 5.7 577 5.1 479 4.2

≥3 8,389 79.6 9,045 79.7 9,242 81.6

Total 10,541 11,343 11,331

Test takers 4,682 28.4 5,055 30.3 5,077 30.1

Enrolled 16,475 16,679 16,883 Note: AP exam results are based on data reported by the College Board as of July 2018.

15

Table A3

Number of AP Exam Test Takers, AP Exams Taken, AP Exams Receiving a Score of 1 through 5, and

Percentage of AP Exams with a Score of 3 or Higher by HCPSS High School, 2018

High N Test N Exams Number of exams receiving a score of: % Exams 3

School Takers Taken 1 2 3 4 5 or Higher

All HCPSS 5,077 11,331 479 1,610 2,987 3,191 3,064 81.6

Atholton 443 984 25 105 256 328 270 86.8

Centennial 642 1,569 51 189 358 474 497 84.7

Glenelg 444 919 24 131 265 265 234 83.1

Hammond 291 654 47 127 218 146 116 73.4

Howard 509 1,158 70 200 345 301 242 76.7

Long Reach 293 599 48 132 180 137 102 69.9

Marriotts Ridge 565 1,282 32 135 318 365 432 87.0

Mt. Hebron 504 1,126 31 112 254 325 404 87.3

Oakland Mills 190 341 30 90 115 72 34 64.8

Reservoir 420 846 40 150 253 236 167 77.5

River Hill 553 1,395 48 180 311 426 430 83.7

Wilde Lake 223 458 33 59 114 116 136 79.9

16

Table A4

Number and Percent of AP Exams Taken, AP Exams with a Score of 3 or Higher, and Percentage of

AP Exams with a Score of 3 or Higher for Students in the HCPSS by Student Group, 2016 – 2018

Student Group N AP Exams Taken n AP Exams 3 or Higher % AP Exams 3 or Higher

2016 2017 2018 2016 2017 2018 2016 2017 2018

All Students 10,541 11,343 11,331 8,389 9,045 9,242 79.6 79.7 81.6

Male 5,011 5,388 5,138 4,034 4,353 4,239 80.5 80.8 82.5

Female 5,530 5,955 6,193 4,355 4,692 5,003 78.8 78.8 80.8

Asian 3,615 4,057 4,217 2,932 3,328 3,518 81.1 82.0 83.4

Black/African American 859 961 1,017 550 594 667 64.0 61.8 65.6

Hispanic/Latino 506 513 488 389 379 369 76.9 73.9 75.6

White 4,995 5,126 4,897 4,045 4,197 4,106 81.0 81.9 83.8

Two or More Races 557 667 701 466 537 573 83.7 80.5 81.7

FARMS 700 770 695 459 488 422 65.6 63.4 60.7

Non-FARMS 9,841 10,573 10,636 7,930 8,557 8,820 80.6 80.9 82.9 Note. Results for HCPSS American Indian/Alaskan Native and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander students are included with “All Students,”

but are not reported separately. AP exam results are based on data from the College Board as of July 2018.

17

Table A5

Number and Percent of AP Exam Test Takers in HCPSS by Race/Ethnicity and Gender, 2016 – 2018

Racial/Ethnic Group Gender N Students n AP Test Takers % AP Test Takers

2016 2017 2018 2016 2017 2018 2016 2017 2018

Asian All 2,971 3,228 3,388 1,360 1,540 1,656 45.8 47.7 48.9

Male 1,487 1,615 1,673 630 716 754 42.4 44.3 45.1

Female 1,484 1,613 1,715 730 824 902 49.2 51.1 52.6

Black/African American All 3,738 3,842 3,937 458 531 549 12.3 13.8 13.9

Male 1,875 1,938 2,001 154 193 184 8.2 10.0 9.2

Female 1,863 1,904 1,936 304 338 365 16.3 17.8 18.9

Hispanic/Latino All 1,545 1,653 1,746 266 287 246 17.2 17.4 14.1

Male 796 844 912 109 122 108 13.7 14.5 11.8

Female 749 809 834 157 165 138 21.0 20.4 16.5

White All 7,211 6,939 6,721 2,342 2,400 2,308 32.5 34.6 34.3

Male 3,739 3,604 3,457 1,088 1,140 1,058 29.1 31.6 30.6

Female 3,472 3,335 3,264 1,254 1,260 1,250 36.1 37.8 38.3

Two or More Races All 966 976 1,051 251 287 311 26.0 29.4 29.6

Male 495 503 516 116 133 132 23.4 26.4 25.6

Female 471 473 535 135 154 179 28.7 32.6 33.5 Note. Total enrollment includes diploma-bound students only.

18

Table A6

Number and Percent of AP Exams Taken, AP Exams with a Score of 3 or Higher, and

Percentage of AP Exams with a Score of 3 or Higher for Students in HCPSS

by Race/Ethnicity and Gender, 2016 – 2018

Racial/Ethnic Group Gender Number of AP Exams Taken Number of AP Exams 3 or Higher Percent of AP Exams 3 or Higher

2016 2017 2018 2016 2017 2018 2016 2017 2018

Asian All 3,615 4,057 4,217 2,932 3,328 3,518 81.1 82.0 83.4

Male 1,772 1,928 1,952 1,452 1,597 1,645 81.9 82.8 84.3

Female 1,843 2,129 2,265 1,480 1,731 1,873 80.3 81.3 82.7

Black/African American All 859 961 1,017 550 594 667 64.0 61.8 65.6

Male 319 356 357 203 215 232 63.6 60.4 65.0

Female 540 605 660 347 379 435 64.3 62.6 65.9

Hispanic/Latino All 506 513 488 389 379 369 76.9 73.9 75.6

Male 232 241 225 187 180 178 80.6 74.7 79.1

Female 274 272 263 202 199 191 73.7 73.2 72.6

White All 4,995 5,126 4,897 4,045 4,197 4,106 81.0 81.9 83.8

Male 2,409 2,529 2,306 1,956 2,089 1,935 81.2 82.6 83.9

Female 2,586 2,597 2,591 2,089 2,108 2,171 80.8 81.2 83.8

Two or More Races All 557 667 701 466 537 573 83.7 80.5 81.7

Male 271 326 296 230 268 247 84.9 82.2 83.4

Female 286 341 405 236 269 326 82.5 78.9 80.5

19

Table A7

Number and Percent of AP Exams with a Score of 3 or Higher in the HCPSS by AP Exams, 2016 – 2018

AP Content AP Exam 2016 2017 2018

N Exams 3 or Higher N Exams 3 or Higher N Exams 3 or Higher

n % n % n %

English English Language & Composition 1,114 939 84.3 1,106 921 83.3 1,161 990 85.3

English Literature & Composition 726 561 77.3 730 547 74.9 695 467 67.2

Fine Arts Art: Studio Art - 2-D Design 131 * ≥95.0 119 111 93.3 107 96 89.7

Art: Studio Art - 3-D Design - - - - - - - - -

Art: Studio Art - Drawing 47 39 83.0 66 62 93.9 68 61 89.7

History of Art 44 32 72.7 27 22 81.5 24 18 75.0

Music Theory 18 13 72.2 25 22 88.0 31 27 87.1

Foreign Chinese Language and Culture 67 * ≥95.0 28 * ≥95.0 39 * ≥95.0

Language French Language 90 75 83.3 67 48 71.6 62 50 80.6

German Language 51 34 66.7 25 18 72.0 20 13 65.0

Italian Language and Culture 12 9 75.0 - - - - - -

Japanese Language and Culture - - - - - - - - -

Latin: Vergil - - - - - - - - -

Spanish Language 257 222 86.4 307 271 88.3 263 236 89.7

Spanish Literature - - - 11 5 45.5 11 5 45.5

Mathematics Calculus AB 1,037 901 86.9 1,183 1,032 87.2 1,055 908 86.1

Calculus BC 487 * ≥95.0 535 507 94.8 578 542 93.8

Statistics 572 465 81.3 422 322 76.3 530 430 81.1

Science Biology 432 372 86.1 462 398 86.1 496 436 87.9

Chemistry 309 221 71.5 403 292 72.5 280 236 84.3

Environmental Science 203 142 70.0 277 213 76.9 218 167 76.6

Physics 1 520 220 42.3 382 170 44.5 273 90 33.0

Physics 2 - - - 13 9 69.2 11 9 81.8

Physics C - Electr & Magnetism 108 83 76.9 116 95 81.9 132 112 84.8

Physics C - Mechanics 329 258 78.4 367 287 78.2 446 326 73.1

Social Studies Economics: Macroeconomics 353 268 75.9 249 169 67.9 335 279 83.3

Economics: Microeconomics 250 184 73.6 367 308 83.9 240 195 81.3

European History 51 45 88.2 76 60 78.9 38 30 78.9

Government & Politics: Compar 39 27 69.2 68 56 82.4 64 54 84.4

Government & Politics: US 1,013 807 79.7 1,202 889 74.0 1,254 1,008 80.4

Human Geography 175 120 68.6 158 125 79.1 165 131 79.4

Psychology 964 767 79.6 905 698 77.1 1,013 826 81.5

US History 67 58 86.6 66 57 86.4 76 61 80.3

World History 766 623 81.3 888 731 82.3 764 657 86.0

Technology Computer Science A 285 234 82.1 207 166 80.2 255 204 80.0

Computer Science Principles - - - 465 394 84.7 615 531 86.3

Note. Percentages greater than or equal to 95 (≥95%) and less than or equal to 5 (≤5%) are suppressed and numerators reported as * to protect student privacy. – indicates fewer

than 10 AP participants so data are not reported to protect student privacy.

20

Table A8

AP Course Participation of HCPSS Graduates, 2016 – 2018

Student Graduates Graduates Enrolled in an AP Course

Group N n %

2016 2017 2018 2016 2017 2018 2016 2017 2018

All Students 3,940 3,749 3,894 2,808 2,733 2,868 71.3 72.9 73.7

Male 1,931 1,928 1,973 1,264 1,324 1,363 65.5 68.7 69.1

Female 2,009 1,821 1,921 1,544 1,409 1,505 76.9 77.4 78.3

Asian 653 702 775 578 621 688 88.5 88.5 88.8

Black/African American 834 831 848 421 430 429 50.5 51.7 50.6

Hispanic/Latino 324 312 335 206 210 215 63.6 67.3 64.2

White 1,894 1,681 1,707 1,431 1,310 1,362 75.6 77.9 79.8

Two or More Races 221 213 218 163 157 168 73.8 73.7 77.1

FARMS 641 635 660 322 320 309 50.2 50.4 46.8

Non-FARMS 3,299 3,114 3,234 2,486 2,413 2,559 75.4 77.5 79.1

Special Ed 198 180 203 28 19 36 14.1 10.6 17.7

General Ed 3,742 3,569 3,691 2,780 2,714 2,832 74.3 76.0 76.7

EL 18 22 63 - - 18 - - 28.6

Non-EL 3,922 3,727 3,831 - - 2,850 - - 74.4

Note. Results for HCPSS American Indian/Alaskan Native and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander students

are included with “All Students,” but are not reported separately. AP exam results are based on data from

the College Board as of July 2018. To protect student confidentiality, data by English Learner status are

not reported due to a small group size.

21

Table A9

AP Exam Performance of HCPSS Graduates, 2016, 2017, 2018

Student Group Graduates Graduates Who Took an AP Exam Graduates Who Scored 3+ on an AP Exam N n % n %

2016 2017 2018 2016 2017 2018 2016 2017 2018 2016 2017 2018 2016 2017 2018

All Students 3,940 3,749 3,894 2,212 2,154 2,253 56.1 57.5 57.9 1,856 1,826 1,920 47.1 48.7 49.3

Male 1,931 1,928 1,973 969 1,033 1,027 50.2 53.6 52.1 825 874 871 42.7 45.3 44.1

Female 2,009 1,821 1,921 1,243 1,121 1,226 61.9 61.6 63.8 1,031 952 1,049 51.3 52.3 54.6

Asian 653 702 775 510 560 598 78.1 79.8 77.2 444 485 535 68.0 69.1 69.0

Black/African American 834 831 848 253 259 268 30.3 31.2 31.6 175 182 180 21.0 21.9 21.2

Hispanic/Latino 324 312 335 145 154 146 44.8 49.4 43.6 123 135 125 38.0 43.3 37.3

White 1,894 1,681 1,707 1,187 1,059 1,105 62.7 63.0 64.7 1,014 921 965 53.5 54.8 56.5

Two or More Races 221 213 218 112 118 132 50.7 55.4 60.6 95 100 113 43.0 46.9 51.8

FARMS 641 635 660 199 209 202 31.0 32.9 30.6 139 149 142 21.7 23.5 21.5

Non-FARMS 3,299 3,114 3,234 2,013 1,945 2,051 61.0 62.5 63.4 1,717 1,677 1,778 52.0 53.9 55.0

Special Ed 198 180 203 16 12 11 8.1 6.7 5.4 13 * * 6.6 ≤5.0 ≤5.0

General Ed 3,742 3,569 3,691 2,196 2,142 2,242 58.7 60.0 60.7 1,843 * * 49.3 * *

ELL 18 22 63 - - 14 - - 22.2 - - 13 - - 20.6

Non-ELL 3,922 3,727 3,831 - - 2,239 - - 58.4 - - 1,907 - - 49.8

Note. Results for HCPSS American Indian/Alaskan Native and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander students are included with “All Students,” but are not reported

separately. AP exam results are based on data reported by the College Board as of July 2018. “-” indicates fewer than 10 AP test takers, thus results are not reported to

protect student privacy. Results less than or equal to 5 percent are also suppressed with complementary group suppression to protect student privacy.

22

Table B1

Number of AP Exam Test Takers, AP Exams Taken, and Percentage of AP Exams

with a Score of 3 or Higher by HCPSS High School, Gender, Race/Ethnicity, and FARMS, 2016 - 2018

High School Student Group 2016 2017 2018

N Test

takers

N Exams % Exams

3+

N Test

takers

N Exams % Exams

3+

N Test

takers

N Exams % Exams

3+

Atholton All Students 385 837 85.7 403 882 85.4 443 984 86.8

Female 207 424 84.0 218 475 85.7 252 553 86.6

Male 178 413 87.4 185 407 85.0 191 431 87.0

Asian 129 335 84.8 131 341 84.8 130 346 86.1

Black/African American 27 51 66.7 33 51 66.7 49 78 70.5

Hispanic/Latino 11 * ≥95.0 20 36 83.3 23 50 84.0

White 198 389 87.4 195 395 88.1 211 437 89.5

Two or More Races 20 35 91.4 21 52 90.4 29 72 93.1

FARMS 12 23 69.6 10 18 83.3 12 23 73.9

Non-FARMS 373 814 86.1 393 864 85.4 431 961 87.1

Centennial All Students 583 1545 83.6 684 1723 82.1 642 1569 84.7

Female 309 763 81.5 362 873 80.6 339 811 82.2

Male 274 782 85.5 322 850 83.6 303 758 87.3

Asian 304 886 83.4 329 917 81.4 322 854 84.1


Hispanic/Latino 14 33 87.9 28 60 75.0 27 63 81.0

White 229 532 83.1 268 621 85.0 233 526 86.5

Two or More Races 23 62 93.5 37 86 86.0 39 93 89.2

FARMS 31 92 78.3 51 117 61.5 43 109 69.7

Non-FARMS 552 1453 83.9 633 1606 83.6 599 1460 85.8

Glenelg All Students 464 950 77.7 451 914 75.5 444 919 83.1

Female 235 467 80.5 218 426 75.4 238 492 83.7

Male 229 483 74.9 233 488 75.6 206 427 82.4

Asian 57 150 74.0 61 152 76.3 62 157 83.4


Hispanic/Latino 12 27 85.2 14 25 84.0 13 20 75.0

White 353 683 79.2 339 658 76.4 329 657 83.4

Two or More Races 17 45 75.6 16 29 69.0 19 42 85.7

FARMS - - - - - - 10 * ≥95.0

Non-FARMS 460 943 77.6 443 899 75.2 434 896 82.8

Note: "All Students" includes American Indian/Alaskan Native and Hawaiian/Pacific Islander students. Results for groups with fewer than 10 test takers are

suppressed to protect student privacy. Percentages greater than or equal to 95 (≥95%) and less than or equal to 5 (≤5%) are suppressed to protect student privacy

23

Table B1 (Continued)




N Test

takers

N Exams % Exams

3+

N Test

takers

N Exams % Exams

3+

N Test

takers

N Exams % Exams

3+

Hammond All Students 287 604 70.4 284 623 72.1 291 654 73.4

Female 162 315 71.7 166 367 73.0 171 382 74.3

Male 125 289 68.9 118 256 70.7 120 272 72.1

Asian 42 99 57.6 41 92 66.3 55 125 62.4


Hispanic/Latino 29 56 64.3 30 54 64.8 22 46 73.9

White 128 287 80.5 110 259 83.0 110 252 83.3

Two or More Races 19 46 73.9 30 61 73.8 22 51 72.5

FARMS 53 107 47.7 47 90 54.4 56 105 46.7

Non-FARMS 234 497 75.3 237 533 75.0 235 549 78.5

Howard All Students 489 1127 73.4 544 1238 72.7 509 1158 76.7

Female 291 639 70.6 302 676 71.7 282 625 77.1

Male 198 488 77.0 242 562 73.8 227 533 76.2

Asian 79 212 74.1 110 265 70.6 136 331 69.8


Hispanic/Latino 26 64 81.3 34 65 83.1 20 39 76.9

White 298 675 74.7 292 676 75.3 266 598 81.6

Two or More Races 29 63 79.4 37 91 71.4 34 88 80.7

FARMS 20 47 61.7 39 72 63.9 26 51 52.9

Non-FARMS 469 1080 73.9 505 1166 73.2 483 1107 77.8

Long Reach All Students 243 496 68.3 272 512 66.4 293 599 69.9

Female 139 263 66.2 165 289 68.2 182 370 67.3

Male 104 233 70.8 107 223 64.1 111 229 74.2

Asian 55 144 72.2 76 164 67.1 77 164 78.7


Hispanic/Latino 28 50 76.0 26 45 64.4 31 57 63.2

White 88 165 69.1 98 187 72.2 108 226 77.0

Two or More Races 11 19 68.4 15 30 73.3 21 45 73.3

FARMS 44 81 66.7 52 91 57.1 50 92 52.2

Non-FARMS 199 415 68.7 220 421 68.4 243 507 73.2


suppressed to protect student privacy.

24





N Test

takers

N Exams % Exams

3+

N Test

takers

N Exams % Exams

3+

N Test

takers

N Exams % Exams

3+

Marriotts Ridge All Students 466 1056 88.3 524 1235 88.1 565 1282 87.0

Female 261 556 87.4 286 651 87.1 332 722 87.4

Male 205 500 89.2 238 584 89.2 233 560 86.4

Asian 179 439 89.5 216 580 91.2 253 657 88.9


Hispanic/Latino 15 34 88.2 13 24 66.7 - - -

White 238 506 86.4 260 541 86.0 263 521 85.2

Two or More Races 18 * ≥95.0 15 51 90.2 16 37 86.5

FARMS - - - 12 27 70.4 12 32 71.9

Non-FARMS 459 1045 88.3 512 1208 88.5 553 1250 87.4

Mt. Hebron All Students 381 841 86.6 475 1056 88.5 504 1126 87.3

Female 191 429 87.4 249 528 88.1 267 562 87.2

Male 190 412 85.7 226 528 89.0 237 564 87.4

Asian 142 344 85.8 186 460 86.7 218 558 87.6


Hispanic/Latino 22 40 82.5 17 38 86.8 21 38 92.1

White 178 374 87.7 214 452 92.7 210 431 88.9

Two or More Races 16 38 89.5 16 40 85.0 19 36 80.6

FARMS 36 76 69.7 32 79 74.7 29 51 66.7

Non-FARMS 345 765 88.2 443 977 89.7 475 1075 88.3

Oakland Mills All Students 197 411 66.9 201 426 66.4 190 341 64.8

Female 109 213 67.1 106 217 63.6 101 179 66.5

Male 88 198 66.7 95 209 69.4 89 162 63.0

Asian 29 62 40.3 23 60 63.3 20 43 74.4


Hispanic/Latino 24 41 43.9 29 43 46.5 21 38 63.2

White 84 191 78.0 81 182 78.6 90 169 63.9

Two or More Races 21 46 80.4 14 36 80.6 14 24 87.5

FARMS 41 62 50.0 44 78 56.4 34 60 51.7

Non-FARMS 156 349 69.9 157 348 68.7 156 281 67.6


suppressed to protect student privacy. Percentages greater than or equal to 95 (≥95%) and less than or equal to 5 (≤5%) are suppressed to protect student privacy.

25





N Test

takers

N Exams % Exams

3+

N Test

takers

N Exams % Exams

3+

N Test

takers

N Exams % Exams

3+

Reservoir All Students 378 760 74.6 399 798 78.3 420 846 77.5

Female 237 461 70.5 233 437 76.4 252 496 73.6

Male 141 299 80.9 166 361 80.6 168 350 83.1

Asian 95 224 72.3 99 246 80.1 104 223 81.2


Hispanic/Latino 46 68 77.9 42 62 80.6 26 49 77.6

White 136 274 83.9 162 328 80.8 152 331 82.5

Two or More Races 28 55 72.7 26 45 80.0 37 73 76.7

FARMS 64 111 70.3 54 86 68.6 49 81 71.6

Non-FARMS 314 649 75.3 345 712 79.5 371 765 78.2

River Hill All Students 568 1449 81.8 574 1431 81.6 553 1395 83.7

Female 306 764 83.0 300 748 79.9 294 739 82.7

Male 262 685 80.4 274 683 83.3 259 656 84.8

Asian 218 642 85.0 243 717 84.8 254 702 86.3


Hispanic/Latino 16 32 68.8 14 32 84.4 17 48 72.9

White 286 668 79.0 259 551 78.4 218 487 82.3

Two or More Races 27 62 90.3 37 92 77.2 38 98 79.6

FARMS - - - - - - - - -

Non-FARMS 563 1428 81.7 566 1410 81.6 546 1383 83.9

Wilde Lake All Students 240 464 78.4 244 505 79.2 223 458 79.9

Female 133 235 79.1 142 268 77.6 130 262 81.7

Male 107 229 77.7 102 237 81.0 93 196 77.6

Asian 31 78 75.6 25 63 76.2 25 57 71.9


Hispanic/Latino 23 34 82.4 20 29 65.5 18 27 70.4

White 125 250 80.0 122 276 85.1 118 262 88.2

Two or More Races 22 42 83.3 23 54 88.9 23 42 71.4

FARMS 40 62 67.7 43 76 55.3 30 56 53.6

Non-FARMS 200 402 80.1 201 429 83.4 193 402 83.6


suppressed to protect student privacy.

Table B2


Percentage of AP Exams with a Score of 3 or Higher by Race/Ethnicity for Each High School, 2018

High Student N Test N Exams Number of exams receiving a score of: % Exams

School Group Takers Taken 1 2 3 4 5 3 or Higher

All HCPSS All Students 5,077 11,331 479 1,610 2,987 3,191 3,064 81.6

Asian 1,656 4,217 173 526 1007 1184 1327 83.4

Black/African American 549 1,017 103 247 327 216 124 65.6

Hispanic/Latino 246 488 29 90 129 148 92 75.6

White 2,308 4,897 147 644 1346 1429 1331 83.8

Two or More Races 311 701 27 101 175 209 189 81.7

Atholton All Students 443 984 25 105 256 328 270 86.8

Asian 130 346 9 39 73 114 111 86.1

Black/African American 49 78 5 18 34 18 3 70.5

Hispanic/Latino 23 50 1 7 11 21 10 84.0

White 211 437 9 37 113 149 129 89.5

Two or More Races 29 72 1 4 24 26 17 93.1

Centennial All Students 642 1,569 51 189 358 474 497 84.7

Asian 322 854 33 103 190 242 286 84.1


Hispanic/Latino 27 63 3 9 12 22 17 81.0

White 233 526 6 65 127 171 157 86.5

Two or More Races 39 93 4 6 23 29 31 89.2

Glenelg All Students 444 919 24 131 265 265 234 83.1

Asian 62 157 5 21 45 42 44 83.4


Hispanic/Latino 13 20 2 3 9 3 3 75.0

White 329 657 17 92 194 184 170 83.4

Two or More Races 19 42 0 6 9 17 10 85.7

Hammond All Students 291 654 47 127 218 146 116 73.4

Asian 55 125 12 35 47 17 14 62.4


Hispanic/Latino 22 46 2 10 16 14 4 73.9

White 110 252 11 31 65 60 85 83.3

Two or More Races 22 51 4 10 24 11 2 72.5

Howard All Students 509 1,158 70 200 345 301 242 76.7

Asian 136 331 26 74 87 90 54 69.8


Hispanic/Latino 20 39 1 8 11 11 8 76.9

White 266 598 27 83 194 154 140 81.6

Two or More Races 34 88 4 13 22 30 19 80.7

Long Reach All Students 293 599 48 132 180 137 102 69.9

Asian 77 164 15 20 47 47 35 78.7


Hispanic/Latino 31 57 5 16 20 7 9 63.2

White 108 226 10 42 77 57 40 77.0

Two or More Races 21 45 1 11 12 11 10 73.3

Note. "All Students" includes American Indian/Alaskan Native and Hawaiian/Pacific Islander students.

27

Table B2 (continued)


Percentage of AP Exams with a Score of 3 or Higher by Race/Ethnicity for Each High School, 2018

High Student N Test N Exams Number of exams receiving a score of: % Exams

School Group Takers Taken 1 2 3 4 5 3 or Higher

Marriotts

Ridge

All Students 565 1,282 32 135 318 365 432 87.0

Asian 253 657 13 60 165 177 242 88.9


Hispanic/Latino 7 13 0 3 1 5 4 76.9

White 263 521 17 60 131 160 153 85.2

Two or More Races 16 37 1 4 10 13 9 86.5

Mt. Hebron All Students 504 1,126 31 112 254 325 404 87.3

Asian 218 558 18 51 122 163 204 87.6


Hispanic/Latino 21 38 1 2 9 13 13 92.1

White 210 431 6 42 91 125 167 88.9

Two or More Races 19 36 0 7 6 11 12 80.6

Oakland

Mills

All Students 190 341 30 90 115 72 34 64.8

Asian 20 43 3 8 14 10 8 74.4


Hispanic/Latino 21 38 8 6 13 10 1 63.2

White 90 169 8 53 57 36 15 63.9

Two or More Races 14 24 1 2 8 6 7 87.5

Reservoir All Students 420 846 40 150 253 236 167 77.5

Asian 104 223 9 33 64 59 58 81.2


Hispanic/Latino 26 49 4 7 12 17 9 77.6

White 152 331 13 45 98 103 72 82.5

Two or More Races 37 73 1 16 22 21 13 76.7

River Hill All Students 553 1,395 48 180 311 426 430 83.7

Asian 254 702 24 72 139 214 253 86.3


Hispanic/Latino 17 48 0 13 9 17 9 72.9

White 218 487 17 69 127 151 123 82.3

Two or More Races 38 98 3 17 13 28 37 79.6

Wilde Lake All Students 223 458 33 59 114 116 136 79.9

Asian 25 57 6 10 14 9 18 71.9


Hispanic/Latino 18 27 2 6 6 8 5 70.4

White 118 262 6 25 72 79 80 88.2

Two or More Races 23 42 7 5 2 6 22 71.4

Note. "All Students" includes American Indian/Alaskan Native and Hawaiian/Pacific Islander students.

Table B3

SY2018 AP Course Enrollment and Subsequent AP Exam Taking, and AP Exam Performance

School AP Content AP Exam

Number of students

enrolled in the

corresponding AP

course

Of those enrolled in

corresponding AP

course, those who

took the exam

% of those enrolled

in corresponding

AP course, those

who took the exam

Total AP

Exams Taken

(regardless of

course

enrollment)

Number of AP

Exams 3 or

Higher

Percent of AP

Exams 3 or

Higher

Atholton English English Lang. & Comp. 79 * ≥95% 78 70 90%

English Lit. & Comp. 35 22 63% 22 * ≥95%

Fine Arts Art: Studio Art - 2-D Design 16 - - - - -

Art: Studio Art - Drawing 13 - - - - -

Music Theory - - - - - -

Foreign

Language

Chinese Language and Culture - - - - - -

French Language 10 - - - - -

Latin: Vergil - - - - - -

Spanish Language 66 37 56% 38 * ≥95%

Spanish Literature - - - - - -

Mathematics Calculus AB 97 88 91% 88 73 83%

Calculus BC 55 52 95% 52 49 94%

Statistics 112 63 56% 63 53 84%

Science Biology 58 46 79% 46 * ≥95%

Chemistry 35 26 74% 27 24 89%

Physics 1 65 42 65% 42 21 50%

Physics 2 - - - - - -

Physics C - Electr & Magnetism - - - - - -

Physics C - Mechanics 49 32 65% 33 26 79%

Social Studies Economics: Macroeconomics 35 * ≥95% 36 33 92%

Economics: Microeconomics 40 35 88% 36 33 92%

European History 16 - - - - -

Government & Politics: Compar 21 - - - - -

Government & Politics: US 119 113 95% 114 99 87%

Human Geography 37 17 46% 17 15 88%

Psychology 154 84 55% 84 69 82%

World History 114 90 79% 90 74 82%

Technology Computer Science A 23 16 70% 16 15 94%

Computer Science Principles 82 51 62% 51 * ≥95%



29




Number of students

enrolled in the

corresponding AP

course


corresponding AP

course, those who

took the exam

% of those enrolled

in corresponding

AP course, those

who took the exam

Total AP

Exams Taken

(regardless of

course

enrollment)

Number of AP

Exams 3 or

Higher

Percent of AP

Exams 3 or

Higher

Centennial English English Lang. & Comp. 178 159 89% 161 149 93%

English Lit. & Comp. 179 92 51% 92 66 72%


Art: Studio Art - Drawing 23 - - -

History of Art - - - -


Foreign

Language

Chinese Language and Culture 16 10 63% 16 * ≥95%


German Language 13 11 85% 11 10 91%

Spanish Language 68 36 53% 36 33 92%


Calculus BC 78 69 88% 70 * ≥95%

Statistics 94 68 72% 69 57 83%

Science Biology 109 93 85% 93 77 83%

Chemistry 40 31 78% 32 25 78%

Environmental Science 53 29 55% 31 26 84%

Physics 1 52 18 35% 19 5 26%

Physics C - Electr & Magnetism 31 27 87% 27 * ≥95%





Government & Politics: Compar 19 13 68% 13 * ≥95%



Psychology 145 103 71% 105 90 86%

US History 49 43 88% 44 40 91%

World History 63 32 51% 34 26 76%

Technology Computer Science A 59 50 85% 54 * ≥95%

Computer Science Principles 263 140 53% 140 120 86%



30




Number of students

enrolled in the

corresponding AP

course


corresponding AP

course, those who

took the exam

% of those enrolled

in corresponding

AP course, those

who took the exam

Total AP

Exams Taken

(regardless of

course

enrollment)

Number of AP

Exams 3 or

Higher

Percent of AP

Exams 3 or

Higher

Glenelg English English Lang. & Comp. 120 * ≥95% 120 102 85%

English Lit. & Comp. 95 64 67% 64 50 78%




Foreign

Language

French Language - - - - - -

Latin: Vergil - - - -



Calculus BC 51 44 86% 44 * ≥95%

Statistics 82 71 87% 71 62 87%

Science Biology 43 27 63% 27 22 81%

Chemistry 25 18 72% 18 * ≥95%

Environmental Science 15 - - - - -

Physics 1 64 19 30% 19 4 21%

Physics C - Electr & Magnetism 17 14 82% 14 12 86%


Social Studies Economics: Macroeconomics 17 14 82% 15 11 73%





Psychology 98 72 73% 73 66 90%

US History - - - - - -

World History 74 68 92% 70 * ≥95%

Technology Computer Science A 13 - - - - -




31




Number of

students enrolled

in the

corresponding

AP course

Of those enrolled

in corresponding

AP course, those

who took the

exam

% of those

enrolled in

corresponding

AP course, those

who took the

exam

Total AP Exams

Taken (regardless

of course

enrollment)

Number of AP

Exams 3 or

Higher

Percent of AP

Exams 3 or

Higher

Hammond English English Lang. & Comp. 67 58 87% 58 44 76%

English Lit. & Comp. 92 69 75% 69 39 57%



Music Theory 12 10 83% 10 * ≥95%

Foreign

Language

French Language - - - -

Italian Language and Culture - - - -



Calculus BC 38 34 89% 34 31 91%

Statistics 47 38 81% 39 26 67%


Chemistry - - - - - -

Physics 1 82 35 43% 35 7 20%



Social Studies Government & Politics: Compar 18 11 61% 11 8 73%


Human Geography 11 - - - - -

Psychology 96 66 69% 66 60 91%

US History - - - -

World History 84 63 75% 63 50 79%





32




Number of

students enrolled

in the

corresponding

AP course

Of those enrolled

in corresponding

AP course, those

who took the

exam

% of those

enrolled in

corresponding

AP course, those

who took the

exam

Total AP Exams

Taken (regardless

of course

enrollment)

Number of AP

Exams 3 or

Higher

Percent of AP

Exams 3 or

Higher

Howard English English Lang. & Comp. 120 108 90% 110 97 88%

English Lit. & Comp. 184 68 37% 68 38 56%



Foreign

Language


German Language - - - - - -





Calculus BC 53 44 83% 45 39 87%

Statistics 80 49 61% 49 39 80%


Chemistry 25 20 80% 20 15 75%


Physics 1 37 - - - - -

Physics C - Electr & Magnetism - - - -




Government & Politics: US 100 * ≥95% 98 84 86%


Psychology 149 104 70% 104 83 80%

World History 94 81 86% 81 72 89%





33




Number of

students enrolled

in the

corresponding

AP course

Of those enrolled

in corresponding

AP course, those

who took the

exam

% of those

enrolled in

corresponding

AP course, those

who took the

exam

Total AP Exams

Taken (regardless

of course

enrollment)

Number of AP

Exams 3 or

Higher

Percent of AP

Exams 3 or

Higher

Long Reach English English Language & Composition 99 75 76% 76 58 76%

English Literature & Composition 102 56 55% 56 34 61%



History of Art - - - -

Music Theory - - - -

Foreign

Language







Calculus BC 27 10 37% 10 8 80%

Statistics 22 - - - - -


Chemistry 31 27 87% 27 21 78%


Physics 1 59 25 42% 25 2 8%

Physics C - Electr & Magnetism - - - -

Physics C - Mechanics 16 - - - - -



European History - - - -

Government & Politics: Compar - - - -


Human Geography - - - - - -

Psychology 95 54 57% 55 32 58%


World History 67 52 78% 52 42 81%

Technology Computer Science A 14 - - - - -




34




Number of

students enrolled

in the

corresponding

AP course

Of those enrolled

in corresponding

AP course, those

who took the

exam

% of those

enrolled in

corresponding

AP course, those

who took the

exam

Total AP Exams

Taken (regardless

of course

enrollment)

Number of AP

Exams 3 or

Higher

Percent of AP

Exams 3 or

Higher

Marriotts Ridge English English Lang. & Comp. 139 125 90% 126 106 84%

English Lit. & Comp. 109 59 54% 59 46 78%




Foreign

Language

Chinese Language and Culture 11 - - - - -

French Language 17 16 94% 16 13 81%




Calculus BC 83 76 92% 76 67 88%

Statistics 61 37 61% 37 28 76%


Chemistry 48 36 75% 36 32 89%

Environmental Science 20 - - - - -

Physics 1 71 17 24% 17 8 47%






Government & Politics: Compar 29 19 66% 19 * ≥95%



Psychology 222 182 82% 183 164 90%

US History 10 - - 10 7 70%

World History 98 77 79% 77 67 87%

Technology Computer Science A 28 25 89% 29 * ≥95%




35




Number of

students enrolled

in the

corresponding

AP course

Of those enrolled

in corresponding

AP course, those

who took the

exam

% of those

enrolled in

corresponding

AP course, those

who took the

exam

Total AP Exams

Taken (regardless

of course

enrollment)

Number of AP

Exams 3 or

Higher

Percent of AP

Exams 3 or

Higher

Mt. Hebron English English Lang. & Comp. 111 105 95% 112 106 95%

English Lit. & Comp. 101 56 55% 56 38 68%



Music Theory 13 - - - - -

Foreign

Language

Chinese Language and Culture - - - -



Latin: Vergil - - - -



Calculus BC 83 * ≥95% 79 * ≥95%

Statistics 59 47 80% 48 * ≥95%


Chemistry 46 40 87% 40 34 85%

Environmental Science 29 * ≥95% 30 23 77%

Physics 1 46 19 41% 19 5 26%



Social Studies Economics: Macroeconomics 135 104 77% 104 98 94%

Economics: Microeconomics - - - -


Government & Politics: Compar - - - -

Government & Politics: US 72 * ≥95% 72 66 92%

Human Geography - - - -

Psychology 150 112 75% 113 94 83%


World History 26 24 92% 24 * ≥95%





36




Number of

students enrolled

in the

corresponding

AP course

Of those enrolled

in corresponding

AP course, those

who took the

exam

% of those

enrolled in

corresponding

AP course, those

who took the

exam

Total AP Exams

Taken (regardless

of course

enrollment)

Number of AP

Exams 3 or

Higher

Percent of AP

Exams 3 or

Higher

Oakland Mills English English Lang. & Comp. 70 37 53% 37 27 73%

English Lit. & Comp. 64 26 41% 26 12 46%

Fine Arts Art: Studio Art - 2-D Design 24 13 54% 14 13 93%

Art: Studio Art - Drawing - - - -


Foreign

Language


Spanish Language - - - - - -



Calculus BC - - - 10 9 90%

Statistics 53 20 38% 20 8 40%

Science Biology - - - - - -

Chemistry - - - - - -

Environmental Science 19 - - -

Physics 1 49 22 45% 22 2 9%


Physics C - Mechanics 10 - - - - -

Social Studies Government & Politics: US 84 61 73% 61 44 72%


Psychology 39 26 67% 26 21 81%


World History 73 40 55% 40 28 70%

Technology Computer Science A - - - - - -




37




Number of

students enrolled

in the

corresponding

AP course

Of those enrolled

in corresponding

AP course, those

who took the

exam

% of those

enrolled in

corresponding

AP course, those

who took the

exam

Total AP Exams

Taken (regardless

of course

enrollment)

Number of AP

Exams 3 or

Higher

Percent of AP

Exams 3 or

Higher

Reservoir English English Lang. & Comp. 153 116 76% 117 90 77%

English Lit. & Comp. 108 30 28% 30 17 57%

Fine Arts Art: Studio Art - 2-D Design 33 - - 10 * ≥95%


History of Art 15 - - - - -


Foreign

Language



German Language - - - -

Italian Language and Culture - - - - - -



Calculus BC 37 32 86% 33 * ≥95%

Statistics 51 24 47% 24 16 67%


Chemistry 25 13 52% 13 11 85%


Physics 1 57 22 39% 22 9 41%

Physics 2 24 10 42% 10 8 80%







Psychology 105 92 88% 92 65 71%


World History 144 108 75% 108 93 86%





38




Number of

students enrolled

in the

corresponding

AP course

Of those enrolled

in corresponding

AP course, those

who took the

exam

% of those

enrolled in

corresponding

AP course, those

who took the

exam

Total AP Exams

Taken (regardless

of course

enrollment)

Number of AP

Exams 3 or

Higher

Percent of AP

Exams 3 or

Higher

River Hill English English Lang. & Comp. 119 112 94% 123 104 85%

English Lit. & Comp. 120 93 78% 93 65 70%

Fine Arts Art: Studio Art - 2-D Design 65 26 40% 27 * ≥95%

Art: Studio Art - 3-D Design - - - -

Art: Studio Art - Drawing 48 21 44% 22 19 86%

History of Art 40 20 50% 20 16 80%

Foreign

Language







Calculus BC 102 * ≥95% 99 93 94%

Statistics 99 73 74% 73 * ≥95%

Science Biology 75 * ≥95% 75 71 95%

Chemistry 37 * ≥95% 36 * ≥95%


Physics 1 79 40 51% 40 22 55%

Physics C - Electr & Magnetism 19 - - - - -


Social Studies

Economics: Macroeconomics 25 * ≥95% 26 20 77%





Psychology 146 90 62% 90 62 69%

US History - - - -

World History 153 98 64% 98 88 90%





39




Number of

students enrolled

in the

corresponding

AP course

Of those enrolled

in corresponding

AP course, those

who took the

exam

% of those

enrolled in

corresponding

AP course, those

who took the

exam

Total AP Exams

Taken (regardless

of course

enrollment)

Number of AP

Exams 3 or

Higher

Percent of AP

Exams 3 or

Higher

Wilde Lake English English Lang. & Comp. 43 39 91% 43 37 86%

English Lit. & Comp. 88 60 68% 60 40 67%


Art: Studio Art - 3-D Design - - - -


Foreign

Language





Mathematics Calculus AB 51 47 92% 47 * ≥95%

Calculus BC 28 26 93% 26 * ≥95%

Statistics 40 29 73% 29 17 59%


Chemistry 20 18 90% 19 16 84%

Environmental Science - - - - - -

Physics 1 67 - - - - -



Social Studies Economics: Macroeconomics - - - - - -

Economics: Microeconomics 12 - - - - -




Psychology 50 21 42% 22 20 91%

US History 29 - - - - -

World History 37 27 73% 27 25 93%

Technology Computer Science A - - - - - -

Computer Science Principles 35 - - -



Table C1

Top Ten Colleges of HCPSS Classes of 2016, 2017, and 2018

Class of 2016 Class of 2017 Class of 2018

College Applied Accepted AP Credit College Applied Accepted AP Credit College Applied Accepted AP Credit

1. Univ. of Maryland,

College Park

1574 929 Yes 1. Univ. of Maryland,

College Park


College Park

1660 895 Yes

2. Howard Community

College

1147 833 Yes 2. Howard Community

College


Baltimore Cnty

1183 794 Yes

3. Univ. of Maryland,

Baltimore Cnty


Baltimore Cnty

1119 793 Yes 3. Howard Community

College

1047 724 Yes

4. Towson Univ. 965 675 Yes 4. Towson Univ. 983 631 Yes 4. Towson Univ. 949 639 Yes

5. Salisbury Univ. 537 384 Yes 5. Salisbury Univ. 425 298 Yes 5. Salisbury Univ. 469 325 Yes

6. Penn State 369 289 Yes 6. Penn State 353 242 Yes 6. Penn State 438 305 Yes

7. Univ. of Delaware 320 215 Yes 7. Univ. of Delaware 293 194 Yes 7. Virginia Tech 329 182 Yes

8. Virginia Tech 253 145 Yes 8. Johns Hopkins 259 34 Yes 8. Univ. of Delaware 314 204 Yes

9. Johns Hopkins 248 30 Yes 9. Virginia Tech 254 168 Yes 9. Johns Hopkins 301 32 Yes

10. James Madison 239 167 Yes 10. Univ. of Virginia 214 42 Yes 10. Univ. of Pittsburgh 219 172 Yes

Data source: Naviance student reports

Documents

TITLE DATE PRESENTER S Strategic Call to Action Alignment ... · The Howard County Public School System (HCPSS) emphasizes high-quality learning experiences for all students, with