Title: 802.16h up-date – Session #62

Document Number: IEEE C802.16h-09/0017Date Submitted: July 9, 2009

Source: Chair of LE TG: Mariana Goldhamer Voice:+972 3 645 6241 mariana.goldhamer@alvarion.com

ALVARION 21a HaBarzel Street, Tel Aviv, Israel

Venue: Session #62, 13-16 July, 2009

Base Document:

Purpose:

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802.16h up-date – Session #62

Mariana Goldhamer

802.16h Chair

Topics

• Technology • Use cases• Regulations• Interaction with 16m • Industry interest • Social impact with President Obama’s BB stimulus• Conclusions

Note: 802.16h Sponsor Ballot status is addressed in the document IEEE 802.16h-09/0013

802.16 attractiveness in LE Bands

• Main features– Ability to deploy multiple BS sectors in adjacent

frequency channels– Higher coverage – Higher peak data rates with spatial multiplexing– Higher spectral efficiency – Better QoS

• Main 802.16 technology enablers– Traffic scheduling with Tx/Rx synchronization– MIMO – UL OFDMA

P802.16h technology features Coexistence between 802.16-based systems

• Sharing of a frequency channel between co-located operators – Coexistence Frame (CX-Frame)– Each operator may use

• different channel widths

• different PHY profiles of 802.16

• different cell sizes (macro, micro, nano cells)

• No inter-operator messages needed for basic operation

P802.16h technology features for improved coexistence with PRIMARY users

• SSU (Specific Spectrum Users)– Coexistence Control Channel

• Synchronized silence intervals enabling the cognitive detection– Examples: TV Transmitters, Wireless Mics, etc.

– FCC regulations for LE TV bands: -114dBm detection levels require absolute silence

• NON-SSU– CXCBP - Contention-based protocol

• Improved coexistence with 802.11, other bursty systems

• No inter-operator messages needed

Communication for improved inter-system coexistence

• Inter-system messages– Spread information on the BS/SS radio power, antennae,

location, Coexistence Frame usage, etc.– Control of interference between operators– Optimization of spectrum usage– Systems may belong to different operators

• Inter-system protocols– Coexistence negotiation protocol (Token Protocol,

developed within the European E2R II research project)

• General spectrum controller is supported

Reasons for using LE spectrum

• Large Mobile / DSL operators do not see a business case in rural broadband– Local operators use preferably the LE spectrum, on-roof

antennae• Licensed spectrum is too expensive• Many entities want their own network

– Vertical applications• Health• Local government• Public Private safety• Utilities

• Combined Licensed and LE deployments– Attractive for operators not having enough licensed

spectrum

Main use cases of LE bands

• Internet access in rural areas– Outdoor antennae for coverage (Fixed)

• Backhauling– Rural backhauling: FCC in perceives TV White Spaces as a

suitable frequency - FCC 08-260• Public and Private Safety, Homeland Security

– Video surveillance, file transfers, MAPs• Major event using 5GHz video surveillance: Obama’s inauguration

• Utility companies– Electricity, Oil and Gas companies– Sensor deployment: 802.11, 802.15, 802.16, etc. based,

aggregation: 802.16

Examples where 802.16h is neededBands below 4GHz

• TV White Spaces (aprox. 300MHz between 52…692MHz)– Data-base approach: resolves the Broadcast TV detection– Still required detection of wireless mics, etc.

• -114dBm power levels: detection is possible only with sync. silence• 802.16h Coexistence Control Channel enable the operation in TVWS

• 2.4GHz– Reduced interference to 2.3GHz, 2.5GHz licensed bands– Europe: Requirements for Medium Access Protocol (EN 300328 V1.7.1) for

spectrum sharing with other devices

• 3.65GHz – 3.70GHz, US– Contention-based protocol is required by FCC in the upper 25MHz

– Coexistence Assurance with 802.11y was done in 802.19 Coexistence TAG

• http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/802/19/pub/ca.html

Examples where 802.16h is needed Bands above 4GHz

• 4.9GHz US PLMR, Broadband Homeland Security – 50MHz, common spectrum pool– Shared between local police, federal and local government,

health institutions, fire protection, private security, industrial security, businesses security, etc.• 1650 PLMR registered entities with FCC

– 802.16h: No strict frequency assignment between entities is needed

• 5.470 GHz to 5.725 GHz– Europe: Requirements for Medium Access Protocol (EN

301 893 v.1.5.1) for spectrum sharing with other devices• DFS is a different requirement and imposes how the channel

selection is done

802.16h as advantage of 802.16

• Combined licensed and un-licensed spectrum use – Additional spectrum for FREE– Requested target in the European Research FP7 – Call 4 - Objective ICT-

2009.1.1: The Network of the Future- Novel radio network architectures enabling the innovative usage of licensed,

unlicensed or unused radio spectrum with the aim of radical cost- and energy-reduction. Target environments range from short to medium distance including systems based on femto-cells, ad-hoc networks and vehicular networks, up to wide-area terrestrial and satellite-based radio access networks.

• Frequency flexibility– Some established cellular operator have access to multiple spectrum

bands, but many WiMAX operators are working with less – 802.16h extends the available spectrum for WiMAX operators

• 3.65GHz, 5GHz, TV White Spaces

• Use cases– Backhauling– Femto-Cells

• 802.16h allows to comply with the requirement “10m +wall” for FemtoBS-MS separation

Interaction of 802.16h with 802.16m

• NO interaction– 802.16m is for licensed operation, 802.16h is for

LE• No need to combine them • No need to track 16m after 16h

– 802.16m and 802.16h are contained in different and independent chapters• 16m shall use Chapter 16, as Chapter 15 is used by

802.16h• A next standard revision will keep 802.16h in a separate

chapter, as is the case for the OFDM PHY

Number of amendments

• NO limitation to 3 amendments– “Up to three amendments can be approved before the standard

shall be revised, unless the base standard has been approved or reaffirmed within the past three years. In the latter case, multiple amendments may be added until the base standard is three years old.”

– http://standards.ieee.org/guides/opman/sect8.html#8.1

• The limiting factor is not the number of amendments, but three years from the approval of the 802.16-2009

Industry interest

– IEEE Sponsor Ballot• Clear evidence of industry interest• 134 Balloters, 100 Approve, 93% approval ratio• Other 802.16 SBs: 802.16j – 174 people, 802.16-2009: 183 people

– More, but same order of magnitude – Operator interest

• 3.65GHz, where 802.16h is required for 25MHz (50%) of the spectrum– 950 licensees (many nation-wide)– See announced WiMAX deployments in the back-up slides– Obama’s BB stimulus: WiMAX producers are educating the WISPs for 3.65GHz

usage– Recession effects

• Number of people attending 802.16h meetings is reduced– 802.16 and WiMAX are focused on Mobile applications

• Fixed deployments constitute the 802.16 and WiMAX Success– > 400 Fixed WiMAX Deployments

• LE Bands are used for Fixed Rural deployments– Smaller companies, not attending 802.16 meetings

Social impact

• US – President Obama’s broadband stimulus– Internet access for Rural areas– $3.7Billion, most of it going to wireless– Significant part will go to 3.65GHz– http://www.realestatewebmasters.com/showthread.php?t=31955

• US Rural Utilities Service (RUS) program:– $2.5 billion– USDA for government-funded rural development– http://www.usda.gov/rus/telecom/index.htm

• 802.16h impact– Broadband Internet access in rural areas, using mainly 3.65GHz

• “WiMAX” is the technology of choice (see back-up slides)• Clearwire is “focused on completing our national rollout of 80 markets over the next 18 months, and

our existing build plan isn’t predicated on our ability to secure this funding”– http://www.netvibes.com/wimax-technology-news/tab/IT_News#Wimax_News

– Thousands of new jobs• See next slide

– Larger impact of the Internet access• “it will fuel the new economy, help modernize the health sector through telemedicine, our

education system through e-learning and our environment through telecommuting.”– http://internetinnovation.org/blog/tags/tag/obama

Social impact - jobs

• Below are examples of the overall-jobs benefit from the broadband stimulus– A part of them will be due to deployments in 3.65GHz

• http://money.cnn.com/2009/03/27/technology/rural_broadband.fortune.fortune/index.htm?postversion=2009032710– NEW YORK -- President Obama's $7 billion-plus plan to bring

broadband to rural America could create up to 260,000 new jobs, according to researchers.

• Even if only 20% of this will be due to usage of 3.65GHz, the number of jobs is still > 50.000– Split by the hype factor – you still have a significant number of

jobs!

Conclusion

• 802.16h is needed– Regulations: TVWS, 3.65GHz, 5GHz Europe– High industry interest– Social impact: Internet access for rural areas, high number

of jobs

- Complementary to Licensed Bands usage of 802.16– Key feature for increasing the spectrum amount

- Adds cost-free spectrum for 802.16 operation- No impact on 802.16m- Improved coexistence with other 802-based systems

Back-up slides

Links on 3.65GHz / President Obama’s stimulus

• http://www.newsguide.us/technology/internet/Quantum-Networks-To-Roll-Out-3-65-GHz-WiMax-to-Rural-Operators-Nation-Wide-on-the-Heels-of-the-Obama-Broadband-Technology-Initiative/

– Quantum Networks, a turn-key WiMAX service provider, targets rural wireless operators by offering WiMAX services in the newly affordable 3.65GHz spectrum in the United States. Operators with shovel-ready WiMAX projects will be able to tap into the Obama Broadband Stimulus, to quickly and economically roll out WiMAX technology to their customer base.

• http://www.digitalcommunitiesblogs.com/broadband_nation/2009/06/the-new-alliance-25ghz-ebs-365.php– The 2.5GHz band -- along with the 3.65Ghz band -- is very effective in the offering of 4G WiMAX solutions in the fixed,

nomadic and mobile environments

• http://www.goingwimax.com/wimax/obama%E2%80%99s-stimulus-package-may-aid-rural-wimax-effort/– Not only would the $7.2 billion help underdeveloped areas, but with the flailing economy, it would also create much-

needed jobs and help boost industry stocks.

• http://www.upi.com/finance//?GUID=8312365&Page=MediaViewer&Ticker=VNWX– VoiceNetworkx has initiated FCC registration for 12 base stations in Southern California in anticipation of WiMAX

deployment planned for 2009. The company is leveraging its current VoIP competencies and network in order to capitalize on the FCC's decision to use a non-exclusive shared use licensing scheme for the 3.65 GHz band.

• http://www.allbusiness.com/mining-extraction/oil-gas-exploration-extraction/11816855-1.html– IDT Spectrum said today that the FCC has authorized it to operate forty six (46) WiMAX base stations in the 3.65 GHz

band. WiMAX services could help headquarters and regional offices of oil and gas exploration and services firms to forge cost effective, virtual connections with their rigs and platforms in the field.

• http://resources.bnet.com/topic/fujitsu+ltd.+and+wimax.html – Nth Air, Inc. and Fujitsu Deploy Broadband Network on 3.65 GHz Spectrum in Las Vegas

• 3.65GHz WiMAX on West Coast – Webformix says they are the first to launch 3.65GHz WiMAX service on the West Coast

• http://smartgrid.testing-blog.com/tag/wimax/ – General Electric, one of the top smart-meter makers in the United States, recently announced that it would install a

network of its WiMAX-based MDS Mercury 3650 radios that operate in the 3.65 GHz band to connect Texas-based utility CenterPoint Energy’s backhaul system to collection points that will aggregate data from smart meters. CenterPoint is installing smart meters for its 2.4 million customers in Houston using a self-contained WiMAX network.

Example of 3.65GHz licensees

• WISPs, Utilities, Public Safety, Aviation, Health– Chevron USA Inc. 0003194933– Black Mountain Broadband, LLC 0008227647 – Wisper ISP, Inc. 0016278970 – Oklahoma County Sheriff 0004549176 – Believe Wireless, LLC. 0016095432– The Boeing Company 0001583483 – Homeland Security Wireless, Inc. 0017166067 – Mayfield Electric & Water Systems 0017879750 – Southern California Gas Company 0001535582 – New Jersey Turnpike Authority 0003286317– Lockheed Martin 0018522359 – EXXON COMMUNICATIONS COMPANY 0003464575– CopperNet Systems, Inc 0018549063– Ruralwest - Wireless LLC 0004968871 – Central Vermont Medical Center 0018819631

Literature

• WiMAX Radio Resource Management, WILEY & ISTE, 2009– Edited by Emmanuelle and

Guillaume Vivier– ISBN: 978-1-84821-069-1 – Chapter 4: Coexistence

between 802.16h Systems Operating in Shared Bands• Mariana Goldhamer, David

Grandblaise, Harry Bims, Shulan Feng, Paul Piggin, John Sydor, Xuyong Wu.