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TIMONER v. PEOPLENovember 25, 1983 | Escolin, J. | Petition to Review CA Decision | r!ve Coercion

FACTS:

1. At 1" #m, Jose $imoner, m!%or o& D!et, !ccom#!nie' b% 2 (ni&orme' #olicemen !n' )l!borers, !rrive' in t*e &ront o& t*e st!lls !lon+ !*!rli-! *i+*w!%. $*e m!%or or'ere't*e l!borers to n!il to+et*er l(mber sl!bs to &ence o t*e st!lls w/c #rotr('e' into t*esi'ew!l- o& t*e *i+*w!%. Amon+ t*e str(ct(res b!rric!'e' were t*e b!rbers*o# o&com#l!in!nt D!%!on !n' t*e store o& Reb(stillos.

2. $*ese est!blis*ments *!' been recommen'e' &or clos(re b% t*e (nici#!l 0e!lt*cer &or noncom#li!nce wit* cert!in *e!lt* !n' s!nit!tion re(irements.

3. $*ere!&ter, $imoner 4le' ! com#l!int !+!inst Reb(stillos !n' ot*ers in t*e C6 &or 7('ici!l !b!tement o& t*eir st!lls, !lle+in+ t*!t t*ese constit(te' #(blic n(is!nces !swell !s n(is!nces #er se. $*e co(rt !+ree' !n' 'ecl!re' t*e st!lls, constr(cte' on t*e*i+*w!%, !s n(is!nces #er se &or bein+ ! men!ce to t*e +ener!l #(blic #!ssin+ t*ro(+*t*e street, bein+ (ns!nit!r%, !n' (nsi+*tl% !n' (+l% str(ct(res.

. (bse(entl%, D!%!on c*!r+e' t*em wit* +r!ve coercion in t*e $C, !n' t*e m!%orw!s convicte' !s #rinci#!l b% in'(cement.

ISSUE/S:

:oN $imoner is +(ilt% o& +r!ve coercion;N

RULING: Petition RAN$ED. $imoner is AC<=6$$ED.

RATIO:

1. $*e Co(rt *el' t*!t t*e st!lls constit(te' n(is!nce !s 'e4ne' in t*e Civil Co'e> Art

694> A n(is!nce is !n% !ct, omission, est!blis*ment, b(siness, con'ition o& #ro#ert%w/c 1? in7(res or en'!n+ers *e!lt* o& s!&et%, 2? !nno%s or oen's t*e senses, 3?s*oc-s, 'e4es or 'isre+!r's 'ecenc% or mor!lit%, ? obstr(cts or inter&eres wit* &ree#!ss!+e o& !n% *i+*w!% or street, 5? *in'ers or im#!irs t*e (se o& #ro#ert%.

2. A''ition!ll%, even wit*o(t 7('ici!l !b!tement, t*e m!%or is em#owere' b% Art )99 o&t*e Civil Co'e to 'o so. Art )99> Reme'ies !+!inst ! #(blic n(is!nce> 1? #rosec(tion(n'er t*e RPC or !n% loc!l or'in!nce, 2? civil !ction, 3? !b!tement, wit*o(t 7('ici!l#rocee'in+s. 0ere, t*e m!%or merel% im#lemente' t*e recommen'!tion o& t*e(nici#!l 0e!lt* cer. 0!vin+ !cte' in +oo' &!it* in t*e #er&orm!nce o& *is '(t%, *einc(rre' no crimin!l li!bilit%.

3. $*e t*ree elements o& +r!ve coercion !re>

1? t*!t !n% #erson be #revente' b% !not*er &rom 'oin+ somet*in+ not#ro*ibite' b% l!w, or com#elle' to 'o somet*in+ !+!inst *is will, be it ri+*t or wron+@

2? t*!t t*e #revention or com#(lsion be eecte' b% violence, eit*er b%m!teri!l &orce or s(c* 'is#l!% o& it !s wo(l' #ro'(ce intimi'!tion !n' control t*e will o& t*e oen'e' #!rt%, !n'

3? t*!t t*e #erson w*o restr!ine' t*e will !n' libert% o& !not*er *!' no ri+*t to'o so, or, in ot*er wor's, t*!t t*e restr!int w!s not m!'e (n'er !(t*orit% o& l!w or int*e eercise o& ! l!w&(l ri+*t.

8/9/2019 Timoner v. People

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6n t*e #resent c!se, t*e t*ir' element is missin+ bec!(se t*e m!%or *!' t*e !(t*orit%!n' '(t% to m!int!in #e!ce !n' or'er wit*in *is 7(ris'iction. $*(s, *e c!nnot be *el'+(ilt% o& +r!ve coercion