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Timeline of the Arab and Timeline of the Arab and Israel ConflictIsrael Conflict
Late 1800’s to WW 1Late 1800’s to WW 1 Zionism:Zionism:
Theodore Herzl, a Theodore Herzl, a leading Jewish leading Jewish sympathizer, states sympathizer, states that a Jewish that a Jewish homeland is needed homeland is needed to stop the violence to stop the violence against the Jewsagainst the Jews
Arabs (Ottoman Arabs (Ottoman Empire) are defeated Empire) are defeated in World War I by in World War I by Britain, France, and Britain, France, and USA. USA.
Between the World WarsBetween the World Wars
Britain takes Britain takes control of the control of the Palestinian area.Palestinian area.
Balfour Declaration:Balfour Declaration: Says Palestine is to be Says Palestine is to be
used for a Jewish used for a Jewish homelandhomeland
Made by BritainMade by Britain 680,000 Jews start to 680,000 Jews start to
move to Palestinemove to Palestine
WW IIWW II Hitler and the Hitler and the
HolocaustHolocaust Adolph Hitler comes to Adolph Hitler comes to
power in Germanypower in Germany 6 millions Jews were 6 millions Jews were
killed during his time in killed during his time in power all over Europepower all over Europe
Equal to 2/3 of the total Equal to 2/3 of the total Jewish population in Jewish population in EuropeEurope
Hostilities between Hostilities between Jews and Arabs in Jews and Arabs in Palestine beginPalestine begin
1947-19481947-1948 United Nations:United Nations:
An agreement is made An agreement is made to end hostilities to end hostilities between Arabs and Jews.between Arabs and Jews.
Palestine is to be split in 2.Palestine is to be split in 2. 650,000 Palestinians are 650,000 Palestinians are
to be moved from Jewish to be moved from Jewish controlled areas.controlled areas.
1948: Israel declares 1948: Israel declares independence from independence from Britain.Britain.
1948 War of Israel 1948 War of Israel IndependenceIndependence
Israel is attacked Israel is attacked by Syria, by Syria, Lebanon, Jordon, Lebanon, Jordon, Egypt, and Iraq.Egypt, and Iraq.
Israel defeats all Israel defeats all of the Arab of the Arab countries back countries back and gains more and gains more territory.territory.
Suez Crisis- 1956Suez Crisis- 1956 Egypt attempts to Egypt attempts to
control a Canal from control a Canal from the Mediterranean the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea to Sea to the Red Sea to stop supplies getting stop supplies getting to Israel.to Israel. Britain and France Britain and France
send troops to stop send troops to stop Egypt.Egypt.
Israel joins in and Israel joins in and attacks Egyptattacks Egypt
This heightens This heightens tensions between tensions between Egypt and Israel.Egypt and Israel.
The PLOThe PLO Palestine Liberation Palestine Liberation
OrganizationOrganization Formed in 1964Formed in 1964 Aim is to free Aim is to free
Palestine from Israeli Palestine from Israeli control through forcecontrol through force
Leader is Yasir ArafatLeader is Yasir Arafat PLO leads many PLO leads many
attacks on Israeli attacks on Israeli civilians and militarycivilians and military
6 Day War- 19676 Day War- 1967 Seeing Egypt, Syria, Seeing Egypt, Syria,
and Jordon are and Jordon are getting ready to getting ready to attack Israel, Israel attack Israel, Israel attacks all 3 countries attacks all 3 countries at the same time.at the same time. Israel is able to quickly Israel is able to quickly
defeat all threedefeat all three Israel takes land from Israel takes land from
all 3 countriesall 3 countries Israel doubles in sizeIsrael doubles in size
Yom Kippur War- 1973Yom Kippur War- 1973 Egypt and Syria attack Israel on the Jewish Egypt and Syria attack Israel on the Jewish
holiday of Yom Kippurholiday of Yom Kippur Israel again successfully defends itself with no Israel again successfully defends itself with no
changes in borders.changes in borders. Middle Eastern countries agree to stop sending Middle Eastern countries agree to stop sending
oil to Western countries like the United States.oil to Western countries like the United States. Gas shortages occurGas shortages occur
Spill over into US and RussiaSpill over into US and Russia Russia supplies Arab countries with weaponsRussia supplies Arab countries with weapons US supplies Israel with weaponsUS supplies Israel with weapons Tensions rise between US and RussiaTensions rise between US and Russia
Peace Process Starts 1978Peace Process Starts 1978 Camp David AccordsCamp David Accords
US President Jimmy US President Jimmy Carter meets with leaders Carter meets with leaders from Israel (Begin) and from Israel (Begin) and Egypt (Sadat).Egypt (Sadat).
Israel agrees to give back Israel agrees to give back territory to Egyptterritory to Egypt
Egypt agrees to Egypt agrees to recognize Israel’s recognize Israel’s independenceindependence
Sadat is assassinated Sadat is assassinated shortly afterward by shortly afterward by Muslim extremists who Muslim extremists who don’t want peace. don’t want peace.
Intifada 1980’sIntifada 1980’s
Groups of regular Groups of regular Palestinian civilians Palestinian civilians begin an uprising begin an uprising against Israel’s against Israel’s military military occupation.occupation.
Israel and Iraq- 1981Israel and Iraq- 1981
Fearing Iraq may Fearing Iraq may be making nuclear be making nuclear weapons, Israel weapons, Israel destroys Iraq’s destroys Iraq’s nuclear factories.nuclear factories.
Israel Invades Lebanon- Israel Invades Lebanon- 19821982
Invades because Invades because PLO headquarters PLO headquarters is in Lebanon’s is in Lebanon’s capital, Beirutcapital, Beirut Israel’s attacks to Israel’s attacks to
stop the PLO’s stop the PLO’s attacksattacks
Peace Agreement- 1988Peace Agreement- 1988
Israel and the PLO Israel and the PLO agree to cease-fire agree to cease-fire and for Israel to and for Israel to return to their pre return to their pre 6 Day War 6 Day War boundaries.boundaries.
Oslo Peace Process- 1993Oslo Peace Process- 1993
US President Clinton meets with Israeli leader US President Clinton meets with Israeli leader Yitzhak Rabin and PLO leader Yasir Arafat.Yitzhak Rabin and PLO leader Yasir Arafat. West Bank and Gaza Strip are to be given to West Bank and Gaza Strip are to be given to
Palestinians to run.Palestinians to run. Israel is promised peaceIsrael is promised peace
Rabin is Assassinated- 1995Rabin is Assassinated- 1995
During a peace During a peace rally following the rally following the Oslo Accords, Oslo Accords, Rabin is Rabin is assassinated by an assassinated by an Israeli militant who Israeli militant who was against peace.was against peace.
Modern Violence 1995-2005Modern Violence 1995-2005
Second Intifada:Second Intifada: More violence against Israelis for their More violence against Israelis for their
continued military presence in Palestinian continued military presence in Palestinian areas.areas.
Israel reacts:Israel reacts: Israel sends troops to West Bank and Israel sends troops to West Bank and
GazaGaza Israel starts building fence around the Israel starts building fence around the
Gaza StripGaza Strip
Hezbollah in Lebanon- 2006Hezbollah in Lebanon- 2006 An extremist group An extremist group
called Hezbollah called Hezbollah takes control of takes control of LebanonLebanon Israeli soldiers Israeli soldiers
kidnappedkidnapped Rocket attacks startRocket attacks start
Israel invades Israel invades Lebanon to stop Lebanon to stop the attacksthe attacks Invasion succeeds Invasion succeeds
and attacks stopand attacks stop
Hamas in the Gaza Strip- Hamas in the Gaza Strip- TodayToday
In retaliation of In retaliation of Israel’s continued Israel’s continued military presence military presence in the Gaza Strip, in the Gaza Strip, the group Hamas the group Hamas starts launching starts launching rockets into Israelrockets into Israel
Israel reacts by Israel reacts by bombing the rocket bombing the rocket sites and sending sites and sending troops into Gaza.troops into Gaza.