TIMELINE ART

8/7/2019 TIMELINE ART

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Geometric art

900-700 BCE

� Evidence for the Geometric culture has come down to us in the form of epic

poetry, artistic representation, and the archaeological record. Votive offerings of bronze and terracotta, and painted scenes on monumental vessels attest to a

renewed interest in figural imagery that focuses on funerary rituals and the heroic

world of aristocratic warriors and their equipment. The armed warrior, the chariot,

and the horse are the most familiar symbols of the Geometric period.

Iconographically, Geometric images are difficult to interpret due to the lack of

inscriptions and the scarcity of identifying attributes.

Statuette of a man andcentaur, ca. 750 b.c.; Late

Geometric

Greek

Bronze



Geometric art900-700 BCE

Pyxis (box with lid)

Statuette of a horseNeck amphora



� A striking change appears in Greek art of the seventh century B.C., the beginningof the Archaic period. The abstract geometric patterning that was dominant is

supplanted in the seventh century by a more naturalistic style reflecting significantinfluence from the Near East and Egypt. Greek artists made increasingly

naturalistic representations of the human figure. During this period, two types of freestanding, large-scale sculptures predominated: the male kouros, or standing

nude youth, and the female kore, or standing draped maiden. Erected in

sanctuaries and in cemeteries outside the city walls, these large stone statuesserved as dedications to the gods or as grave markers.

ARCHAIC art600-480 BCE

Statue of a kouros

(youth), ca. 590580 b.c.; Archaic

Greek, Attic

Naxian marble



Statuette of Herakles

Cleobis and Biton

Kouros

KoreKore

ARCHAIC art600-480 BCE



� The Classical period saw changes in the style and function of sculpture. Poses became more

naturalistic, and the technical skill of Greek sculptors in depicting the human form in a varietyof poses greatly increased. Statues began to depict real people. At the same time sculpture

and statues were put to wider uses. The great temples of the Classical era are the Parthenon

in Athens, and the Temple of Zeus at Olympia. Greek artists of the fifth and fourth centuries

B.C. attained a manner of representation that conveys a vitality of life as well as a sense of

permanence, clarity, and harmony. Significant achievements were made inAttic vase

painting. Most notably, the red-figure technique superseded the black-figure technique, and

with that, great strides were made in portraying the human body, clothed or naked, at rest orin motion.

classical art480-320 BCE

Discobolis

450BC



classical art480-320 BCE

Zeus

(or Poseidon)

460BC

Dying Niobid

450BC

Amazon

Doryphorus

Polykleitos, 450BC

Parthenon



� Between 334 and 323 B.C., Alexander the Great and his armies conquered much of the known

world, creating an empire that stretched from Greece and Asia Minor through Egypt and the

Persian empire in the Near East to India. This unprecedented contact with cultures far and wide

disseminated Greek culture and its arts, and exposed Greek artistic styles to a host of new exotic

influences. The death of Alexander the Great in 323 B.C. traditionally marks the beginning of theHellenistic period. During this period sculpture became more and more naturalistic. Common

people, women, children, animals and domestic scenes became acceptable subjects for sculpture.

Realistic portraits of men and women of all ages were produced, and sculptors no longer felt

obliged to depict people as ideals of beauty or physical perfection. At the same time, the new

Hellenistic cities required statues depicting the gods and heroes of Greece for their temples and

public places. This made sculpture, like pottery, an industry, with the consequent standardisation

and some lowering of quality. For these reasons many more Hellenistic statues have survivedthan is the case with the Classical period.

Hellenistic art320-300 BCE

Laocoön and his sons,

Marble,

copy after an

Hellenistic original

from ca. 200 BC



Hellenistic art320-300 BCE

Artemision jockey

The Three Graces

The Winged

Victory of

Samothrace

Venus de Milo

Statue of Aphrodite

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TIMELINE ART