TIẾNG ANH CHO HOC SINH THPT

8/2/2019 TING ANH CHO HOC SINH THPT

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TI NG ANH CHO HOC SINH THPT- N T P THI T T NGHI P -

1 * COMPARISON:A/ SO SNH BNG:

S + V + as + {adj/ adv} + as + {noun/ pronoun}

- trong ph nh as c th thay bng so:

EX: Peter is as tall as me. (sai).

Eg: Peter is as tall as I. (ng)

Eg: He is not so tall as his father.B/ SO SNH HN KM: (SUPERIOR COMPARISON)

- Ex: He speaks Spanish more fluently thanI. (khng dng than me)

He visits his family less frequently than his brother does.

- c th dng far/much trong so snh hn). His car is far better than yours.

That movie we saw last night was much more interesting than the one on TV.

C/ Tnh t v tr ng t c bi t:

Tnh t ho c tr ng t


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far

little/ few

much/ many

good/ well

bad/ badly

So s nh h n kmFarther/ further

less

more

better

worse

So snh nh tThe farthest /furthest

The least

The most

The best

The worst

- T nh t 2 v n t n cng b ng y : t h y c huy n thnh i so snh h n thm e r v so snh nh t thm est. eg: busy busier the busiest- Tnh t m t v n c c u trc ph m- nguyn m- ph m th g p i ph m cu i, so snh h n thm e r ; so snh nh t thm est . Eg: big bigger the biggest

D. SO SNH B C NH T:


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So snh nh t So snh km nh tEx: John is the tallest boy in the family.Deana is the shortestof the three sisters.

Ex: These shoes are the least expensiveof all.

E/ SO SNH KP (DOUBL COMPARATIVES)1. Cng lc cng : [Comparative + and + Comparative]Eg1:The weather is getting colder and colder.Eg2: finding job is become more and more difficult.2. Cng ., cng .. : [The comparative + S + V/ tobe , the + comparative + S +V/tobe]Eg: The more we get together, the happier we are.Eg: The more expensive you use, the higher your bill will be.2 * TAG QUESTION:1. S + V + .., AUXILARY + NOT + S?2. S + V(negative) + , AUXILARY + S?

- She has studied English for two years, hasn'tshe?- Jil l and Joe went swimming yesterday, didntthey?

EX: Dont forget to locked the door, my mother

said to me.

- My mother reminded me - to lock the door.

- not to forget to

lock the door.

Ex: Mai asked me to lend her my dictionary.


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3 * REPORTED SPEECH WITH TO INFINITIVE

S +

Ask ( ngh )

Advise(khuyn)

Beg(c u xin)

Command( ra l nh)

Encourage (c v)

Expect (mong i)

Invite (m i)

Order (ra l nh)

Persuade (thuy t ph c)

Recommend (khuyn)

Tell (b o)

Urge (thc gi c)

Warn (c nh bo)

Want (mu n)

+Object

+to V

+not to V

4 * REPORTED SPEECH with GERUND


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1 . Repo r t ing VERB + (no t ) V - ing .

Ex:They suggested not drinking a lot of wine when they feel tired.

2 . repo r t ing VERB +(sb) +PREPOSITION + (no t ) V - ing

Ex: Mary congratulated me on passing the examination.

thank sb for object to accuse sb of insist on

congratulate sb on complain about warn sb against think of

* apologize sb for prevent sb from dream of stop sb from5 * T NG THU T CU YES/NO AND WH QUESTIONS. 1. YES / NO questions:S1 + reporting VERB + O + IF/ WETHER + S2 + V(li th) + ..

- She said to me : Do you like swimming ? She asked mei f I l i ked swimming.

2. WH QUESTIONS:S1 + reporting Verb + O + WH + S2 + V(li th) + ..

- He asked me : Why did you come home so late last

night?

He asked mewhy I had come home so late the nibefore.

6* NG T KHI M KHUY T QU KH CH NG B NG1. Could, May, Might + have + P 2 = c l

Ex: It may have rained last night, but I'm not sure.

Could, May, Might + have + been + P2Ex:

2. MUST HAVE + P2 = ch c l, h n lEx: The grass is wet. It must have rained last night

MUST HAVE + BEEN + P2Ex:

7*. PASSIVE VOICE:TENSE ACTIVE PASSIVEPresent simple S + V S + IS /AM / ARE + V3/ED

Tom is given a gift by Mr. BrownPast simple S + V2/ED S + WAS/WERE + V 3/ED

Tom was given a gift by Mr. BrownPr esent pr og re ss iv e S + I S /AM/ ARE + V-ING S + IS/AM/ARE + BEING + V3/ED


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Tom is being given a gift by Mr. BrownPast progressive S + WAS/ WERE + V-ING S + WAS/WERE + BEING + V 3/ED

Tom was being given a gift by Mr. BrownPresent perfect S + HAVE/HAS + V3/ED S + HAVE/HAS + BEEN +V3/ED

Tom has been given a gift by Mr. BrownPast perfect S + HAD + V3/ED S + HAD + BEEN + V 3/ED

Tom had been given a gift by Mr. BrownModal verb CAN/COULD

WILL/MAY/MUST + V1SHOULD/ MIGHT

CAN/COULDWILL/MAY/MUST + BE + V3/EDSHOULD/ MIGHTTom will be given a gift by Mr. Brown

To infinitive TO V1HAVE TO + V1GOING TO

TO + BE + V3/EDHAVE TO + BE + V3/EDGOING TOTom is going to be given a gift by Mr. Brown

Gerund V-ING BEING + V -3/ED

8 * B NG KHC:1. NEED + TO V1- John needs to repair his house.

NEED + V -ING / NEED + TO BE +V 3/ED- Johns house needs repairing/ to be repaired.

2. NO ONE + V(s/es) + STH- No one speaks French.

STH + TOBE + NOT + V 3/ED- French is not spoken.

3. PEOPLE + think/ expect/ believe/ say/report + THAT+ S + DO / DID somethingEg: People suppose that the film is very good.Ex 2: People say that he escaped in a stolen car.

cch 1: it + is thought/ expected/ believed/ said/ reported +sth / did sth.

- It is supposed that the film is very good.- It is said that he escaped in a stolen car.Cch 2: someone is thought/ expected/ believed/ reported to


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sth / to have done sth.- The film is supposed tobe very good.- He is said to have escaped in a stolen car.4. NEED (modal verb) + V1 : c n thi t lm

NEED (NOT) +BE + V3

5. S + Have + Operson + V1 + O thingor S + Get + Operson + to V1 + O thingEx: I get Tom to repair my car.

S + have/ get + O thing + V3/ed- I get my car repaired by tom

9 * C U TRC :1. HOWEVER + ADJ/ ADV+ S + /TOBE/VERB, clauseEx: However strong you are, you cant move this stone.

= d c .... i chng n a th

2. S + BE + TOO +ADJ/ADV + (for s.o) + TO V1Eg: The film is too bad for the children to watch.

Qa .. khng th

3. S + be + ADJ/ADV + ENOUGH + (for s.o) + TO V1

Eg: the question is easy enough for us to answer. ..

4. S + be + SO + ADJ/ADV + THAT + S +V + O.Eg: the question is so difficult that we cant answer it.

Qu n n i

5. S + be + SUCH + (a/an) + adj + noun + that +S+V+OEg: it is such a bad film that children cant watch it.

Qu n n i

6. S + be + SO + adj + a/an + noun + that + S +V+O.Eg: it is so bad a film that the children cant watch it.

Qu n n i

10* : SO + NOUN + THAT: qa n n i


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Ex: The Smiths had so many children that they form their own baseball team.

EX: He has invested so much money in the project that he can't abandon it now.


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*11. CLAUSES AND PHRASESA/ S tri ng c.Eg: They have no money bu t they are always happy.

Eg : They have no money; however they are always ha

B/ Ch m c ch. Eg: we study English so that we can find a good job.

Eg: we study hard to / in order to pass the exam.

C/ S nh ng b . Eg: he was offered the job although / even though he had noexperience.

In spite of / despite cold weather, they went swimmi

D/ K t qu .Eg: it rained last night so Mary couldnt go to the cinema.

Eg: it rained last night; therefore Mary couldnt go to tcinema.

E/ Ch nguyn nhn.Eg : Because he was ill, he stayed at home yesterday.

Because of his illness, he stayed at home yesterday.

12* ADVERBIAL CLAUSE OF T IMES . M nh tr ng ng c h t h i g ian. M nh ch th i gian th ng b t u b ng nh ng t : when, before, after, by the time, until, while .

Nh ng th c b n trong m nh ch th i gian 1. PAST PERFECT + when/by the time/ before + PAST SIMPLE2. PAST SIMPLE + after + PAST PERFECT3. PRESENT PERFECT + since + PAST SIMPLE4. When + present simple, + present spl / contPast simple, + past simple/ continuous5. past simple (continuous) + while + past contPresent simple(continuous) present cont6. Future Simple + when/ until/ after/as soon as + presentSimple7. FUTURE FERFECT + before/ by th e time/ when + PRESENT

Ex1: I had watched TV before I did my homewor

Ex2: After I had watched TV, I did my homeworEx3: we havent met together since I left the highin 2000.

Ex 4: When the phone rang , the baby woke up.

Ex 5: I fell asleep while I was watching TV.


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SIMPLE Ex 6: As soon as it stops raining, well leave.Ex 7: I will have become a teacher before I ayears old.

13* CONDITIONAL SENTENCES:Lo i If-clause Main clause1. C th t hi n t i

unlessIf + S + V (s/es)- If Tom has time tomorrow

= Unless Tom has time tomorrow

S + WILL/ CAN/ MAY +V 1He will go to the cinema.

He will not go to the cinema.2. Khng th t hi n If + S + V2/ED- If energy were unlimited,

S + would/ could/ might +V 1Many things in the world would be differen

3. Khng th t qu kh If + S + HAD + V3/ED= HAD + S + V3/ED- if you had had an umbrella,

S + would/ could/ might + HAVE +VI wouldnt have got wet

H n h p If + S + HAD + V3/ED-If you had gone to bed early last night.

S + would/ could/ might + V 1You wouldnt be tired now

If only + S + would/ could + V1 = If only + S + V2/ed (was/ were): c g.Ex: if only he would accept some help with the work instead of trying to do it alone.

14* RELATIVE CLAUSES:Relative pronouns Used for Position examples

1. WHO Ng i Who + verbs The man who is standing there is myfather

2. WHO / WHOM Ng i Who(m) + S + verb The man you saw yesterday is mybrother

3. WHICH V t - Which + verb- (which) + S + V

The cat which is lying there is mine

4. WHOSE Ng i & v t ( s h u)

Whose + noun + V The man whose name is Mr. Brown ismy English teacher

5. THAT Ng i & v t 6. WHERE N i ch n Where + S + verb HCM city is a place where I was born


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7. WHEN Th i gian When + S + verb May 19th is the day when Uncle Ho wasborn.

8. WHY Nguyn nhn Why + S + verb This is the reason why I want to leave. ALL/ MOST/ SOME/ NONE + OF WHOM / WHICH. NEITHER/ BOTH/ MANY/ A FEW

Ex 1: They have five children, two of whom are married.

Ex 2: I bought two dozen mangoes, most of which were sour.

15 * REDUCED RELATIVE CLAUSES:

1. With present participle: V-ingNOUN + WHO/ WHICH/THAT + V = NOUN + V-ING.Ex: she went on holiday with a manwho worked in the same office= she went on holiday with a man working in the same office.2. With past participle: V-edNOUN + WHO / WHICH/ THAT + BE V3/ED = NOUN + V3/ED.Ex: People who were injured in the accident were taken to the hospital= Peopleinjured in the accident were taken to the hospital16* TRANSFORMATION OF TENSESS + V2/ED + Time + Ago = IT IS + Time + Since + S + V2/EDex: He lost his job three months ago = It is three months since he lost his job.

1/ S + Havent / Hasnt + V 3/ED + FOR + Time= 2/ The last time + S + V2/ED + Was + Time + ago = 3/ S + last + V2/ED + Time Ago= 4/ It is + time + since + S + last + V 2/ed.1/ She hasnt played the piano for five years

= 2/ The last time she played the piano was five years.


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S + have / has + Never/ Not + V3/ED + Before= This is the first time + S + Have / Has + V3/ED .ex: She has never seen him before = this/it is the first time she has seen him.

17 * SUBJECT AND VERB AGREEMENTDANH T i v i NG T S T DANH T i v i NG T S NHI U

1. Furniture: g 2. Equipment: thi t b 3. Knowledge: ki n th c 4. News: tin t c5. Luggage (=baggage) :hnh l6. Information: thng tin7. Housework: cng vi c nh8. Homework: bi t p v nh 9. Money: ti n10. Cc danh t ch : TH I GIAN, KHO NG CCH, TI N B C & O L NG11. Tn mn h c ( news, physics, economics); tn b nh (meales: b nh s i..) ; tn qu c gia (the Philipines, the unitedstates.) k t thc l sEx : The furniture is more expensive than we think.Ex: Physics is more difficult than chemistry.

1. People: ng i ta2. Police: c nh st3. Cattle: gia sc4. Children: tr con5. The rich: ng i giu (danh t t p h p) 6. The poor: ng i ngho

Ex : The police have arrested thieves

DANH T M C DANH T KHNG M C - A few ( m t t, m t vi ) - A little ( m t t )


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- Few (r t t )- Only/Just a few (ch m t vi ) - A number of

- Little (r t t )- Only/Just a little (ch m t t ) - The number of

Ex: there are few members to carry out the project. Ex: there is l ittle sugar in the pot.

1. H p v i ch ng g n: either ORneither + N1 + NOR + N2 + V.not only BUT ALSO

Ex: not only my brother but also my sister ishe

2. H p v i ch ng xa With/ of the/ in

N1 + together with + N2+ Vincluding

accompanied by

as well as

1. The book, including all the chapters in

section, is anxious.

2. The woman with all the dogs walks downstreet.

18 * L i Ni Ph H a 1. Ph h a kh ng nh

EVERYONE (m i ng i) NO ONE (khng ai)SOMEONE (1 ng i no ) EVERYTHING (m i th ) NOTHING (khng c ci g) SOMEONE (1ci g )

+ VERB (s t)

ex: when I came, everyone was watching TV


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S+ V/ TOBE/ MODAL VERBS ... , And + S + verb/tobe/modal verb + TOO.SO + verb/tobe/modal verb + S.Eg 1:I am happy, and you are too.Eg 2: They will work in the lab tomorrow, and so will you.2. Ph h a ph nh S + V/ TOBE/ MODAL verbs + not ..., and + S+ negative (V/ tobe/ modal verbs + not) +EITHER.NEITHER+ positive (V/ tobe/ modal verbs) + S.

Ex: I didn't see Mary this morning, and John didn't either.EX: She wont be going to the conference, and neither will her friends.

19* GERUNDBe/Get used to + doing s.th

Spend (time/money) + doing s.th

Pay attention to + s.th/ doing s.th

Have (a good) chance of + doing s.th

Have trouble/ difficulty + doing

Tobe worth + doing

Tobe busy

Its no use/ good

Its not worth

Theres no point in

Look forward to

- Quen, thch nghi v i..

- M t bao th i gian/ti n .

- Ch , t p trung..

- C c h i..

- gap kho khan

- xung dang ..

- ban ron

- Vo ich , khong co loi

- khong xung dang ..

- khong can thiet lam gi

- mong doi ..


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1. REMEMBER + TO V1: nh s lmPlease remember to post this letter

REMEMBER + V -ING: nh lmI remember seeing him somewhere.

2. FOGET + TO V 1 : qun lm i u gDont forget to get up early tomorrow.

FORGET + V-ING: qun lm gIll never forget visiting HN.

3. REGRET + TO V 1: h i ti c ph i lm I regret to tell you that you failed the exam.

REGRET + V -ING: ti c lmI regret lending him some money.

4. TRY + TO V1: c g ng lm gWe try to learn English well

TRY + V -ING: th lm gThe child tried smoking.

5. STOP + TO V 1: d ng l i lm We stop to have a rest

STOP + V -ING: t b vi c g He stopped smoking last year.

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TIẾNG ANH CHO HOC SINH THPT