Three Chinese Philosophies

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ConfucianismWho was Confucius ?

• Confucius lived from 551 to 479 B.C.E.• Confucius’s goal was to be peaceful and have a just

society• Confucius wanted to teach men of good character

and honesty

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Confucianism

What was China like during Confucius's life?

• The government was very honest and fair

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ConfucianismAccording to Confucius what were the five

basic relationships and how should those people act?

• Ruler and subject• Husband and wife• Father and son• Older sibling and younger sibling• Friend and friend• All people must respect and listen to the person

above them (respect your elders)

• People should be kind, honest, wise, and faithful.

• “Do not do to others what you would not want done to you.”

• What we today call “The Golden Rule”

ConfucianismWhat influence did Confucius have on Chinese

government?

• Because of Confucianism civil servants under the Han were hired on the basis of their ability

• The government was fair • The government had values like respect your

elders, proper behavior, and love of scholarships.

Daoism

Who was Laozi?

• Lived in late 500 BCE• He was the founder of Daoism

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DaoismAccording to Daoism how should people and

rulers behave?

• People should live in harmony and agreement and they would gain happiness

• Rulers should let natural consequences happen

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Daoism

What are yin and yang?• Yin is one half of the Daoist concept of

opposing forces of nature; the opposite of yang

• Yang is the other half of the Daoist concept of opposing forces of nature; the opposite of yin

• The Yin Yang represents balance.

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LegalismWho was Hanfeizi?

•Founder of Legalism•He lived from 280 to 233 B.C.E•He was the prince of royal family of the state of Han

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Legalism

According to Hanfeizi, what was the only way to create a strong society?

•They should establish strict laws and enforce them with rewards for good behavior•They should have harsh punishment for bad behavior

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LegalismHow did Hanfeizi believe a ruler should

govern?•Hanfeizi said that Legalism was based in the ideas that people were naturally selfish, left to themselves, and always pursed there own interest•Hanfeizi belived that there should be strict rules and people should be punished severely if they don’t follow them

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Legalism

How did the Qin dynasty apply teachings of Hanfeizi?

•The Qin dynasty seized control of China•They built a strong central system•Nobody could criticize the government

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Website

This website shows more about Confucianism

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Citations

• Frey, Wendy. History Alive! the Ancient World. Palo Alto, CA: Teachers' Curriculum Institute, 2004. Print.

• New Page 1. Web. 03 May 2011. <http://confucianism.freehostingguru.com/>.